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·Abart Tous Brak
rastically recetred her mot noth*
pode to the Holy of the plans for uma
Llew Hexbook of ra Hurus ba
cal (coating book for stadert and lry
7 shkt. Oftmg tar charts and data, de
Tlations of the hercoly bodies, dropoutaal
Pacter mod bors, de book plves beptentrionel
borront drunced seadme key to the
andaj mod cogmeat o astronotus
Josten od pebabe, costeluton, plats
te o mod noon, urteroide, Detoots
ait od wlable Aur art capulced in
zony rely od bloo. And together with
make to the one of telescopes mod fold pesa
for at add.sonal section the work
bon planeta bearest the art, ruinbont
worx, md my other of the woodent abore
- about the world we live on This Mentor
boa condim, whichaty abridged dios,
do opecully prepared tport photo
Fbk mert
The keswing LETRA Young or old is of
red one of the best irroin thous n the study
Itho ky meble todas Feld die
hebbe
Amma Dam, Director

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How to Know THIC ANTICAN DAMMAR
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LATE OY Otin komu by II Spencer Jonas (M139)
OY UNDERSTANHNC Sena
(rorled) by Jone B Carap! (1166
PATTERNS OF CULTURE by Ruh Denedict (112)
courirts CIOTH ROUND FDITION
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·NEW HANDBOOK
OF THE HEAVENS
(Prto Nan Abriigrals)
Habert) Beraband
Doroby A. Benost, AB
Hagb S. Rice, AI, PLD.
ADIENTOR BOOK
Published by TILE NEX AMIERUCAN LIBRARY

·COPTERIT 1941, 1945, n re lur Hit Bore Chart
48 tits rigered nu boot, mert
thereof may not be remodel
Jos kulhout hihat of the shit
Fobushed a VETOR DOOR
By Arrangement with UcGrtis I Dont Comaty IKI
Facette
Ft Marm, AUCUIT 1950
Socoorp Prorrons, DPT, 1951
TH tle of Yu th I
wichthy_abedded those that mo na soube
habed by tbe licGraw that Boot Cm
1946. Dektion has beth made with the
h
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stronomy for the Tracker and of tou
WEYTOX MORS an und by
The X AA Lorry 1 rol Limiv
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PRIXIL) 19 19 Criter ATH OF A

·Profart
ben colosed Loon in the star Det eg the throne
sto be hare sound teo old trends, to bkt ac cat tan
CET me for redrestashoutbos mod retket from the
xrks and coaties of every-day kis
chon written to book to but others into start the
pravonstop with it tu been prepared a slopty ups
We end to cells of tops that anyone an we and pada sutod
bursuell wees by lochar op u toe berries.
Bat borne loved den prat many people, bavlor opce
oked up, wam to kend wag to thats aplanidoes try tsing
ca pe or Wescoper. To mom fuch home stropomen
weke stranean harta liested we, uod o webere badaded
few wlacage presion that say be of belp to our read
they tuw more abhion, and to attraced to deats as
Le bom bo octoded arefully prepared tists of the
bem cedential obyeen nubte for Choctrution
na bogate that shorts were bore to be read out latere
ad emal obrerrons b that solch, y teed to you
way Dew sort but can behere!
Hom) BERNARD
Domont A BOOGIT
Hon sva

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·Constants DX 11 20 27 37 SI 64 99 97 butun Lletrodansion Betres I Stars around the Poles 3. Antud mod Water Stars Spring Sumo Stja 3 san a the Southern Sky & The Paxta 7 The Moon # The Sun 9 The Comets 10. The Metoors (wida ka af bent aights for adsertation on p. 107 11 The Asteroids 106 12. Dosth Ed Multiple Stars 113 at kat of material acts on 123} 13. Vachel Sours Wich ks of wriced rosiebies on 137) FH Sox Clonas sed Netails With an of selected affects on, 145) 11. Ralabors, Auroru, and Orber Wonders 16. Uants of the Uraw 17 Boix The It. Tax Anal Mempton 19 Uu al dhe Telescope Antoonas 1 Great Alphabet 212 IL Table of Fuatan Maploda od Kong Pores in The Coaselations TV Part Dets Mamma Obyen 216 The Bitter Sun VIL Pays 223 OIARY 277 Iron 234 138 154 160 166 183 17 213 214 215

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·intesis HE Ilution LX Legodoctio o de Heino 2 sort round the ton 20 3. Antun od Wipta sunt 27 4 Sprong and Ster Stiles 37 5 Suary of the Scorbem try 4 6. The musete 51 7 The Mood 4 33 $ The Comets 10. The Metrors 97 a proyer diskuts for oberson on 101 11 The Asteroids 106 12. Double bed Mmpic St wish tar of aircard objects ong 123) obable Sun 129 Rh be of Troietta on 17 Il Sur Cunat und Nebedos 138 fick dertil feed on 1-45) IS Rainbon, Amrocks, and other Wooden 154 14. Valus at the Uttar 17 Solar The 14 The Art of Norton 105 19 Una de Tdacope 197 Arnotats L Guk Alpbaber 212 Table of Human lagade od Restebog tomat MTL The coortoos 234 IV Protary Data 15 V Hot Of 216 Toe Drumu Start Do VIL Edipra 23 Goduly 2344

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·Hurstrations he Laluta 14 2 The Smoos 16 3 ToZores, en bemoen 4. Morta Crete Constituires 22 S Cotton Ben A B St o colethal phant 10 6. Cartono Horton Stem 31 7 Court of Anton and Wala si 33 1. Chart of the Spray &in 39 Chart of the Somme Sua 42 10 Court of for Southern Sudan 49 11 The Solar Systema 52 12. Moosa of Infojor Plants S4 11. Raroprade Motos of Superior Planet 62 114 Chart al too Moon 76 15 Lood Sdn Edipes 16 Lood Meteor Stram 91 17 Paddon Anda 119 11 Lipa Come of Dea Cephe 130 19 qm Coastalom 150, 151, 152, 13 20 Piia Throrlag Pure Spectrum 161 21. Sa Food Sm Show 174 22. Egado of The 175 23. Dakbone Problem Norption Dupum 189 25. Maubon by Sphetal Toponometry 194 26. Retracting Toescope with Parts 201 17 Types Akrogowe Occhers 206 Plates (wi picture section) 1 Cror, the Southern Cross IL Sand Bruct IL ScaDhec wlih Sun-pota TV Abof the Terror of the Moon touchera reglan V Tahut Court of 1131 VL Gut Comut of 1961 VTL Hity: Có yuz qart X. Crond Eden of the to x 48 Honeband Netta XL Marka 97 Not Matcha XII. Aurora Borts XNL Ieteor Crore 103

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·1 Introduction to the Heavens trony to toon the stan. When the pathen overhead onunds of the appear There are bright sors and futur 1, our one to lar Some keen ottered anodon omtr testy while on setud mingitd to pattern And theft u excibus create that in always occurrtog Roos there. Once babe ADC tar uppears, and l you Inow the old a you can har ptct the Day 006 Out Ther for the chanty phs of the moon md the mom' whiltin place along the boduc. Then there b the possibility that 000 ortor andeltog obrtcts, the comit, may pptar Ipo Dow the car you can maly pict pot be rutons from acr. o oicit a you mt atching the sty brilliant ooit fan in tutooth the better. You can add a really aportant that of product to today if you koos boer which them od keep records of them. With eta box camera you can make a permanent record << voor dual creats. The rotating worth when your camera beneth de Ruth And Ton the photoprophe plato dowe dhtunt mostal breht a. The moon as I drops kehted the trees wil lere medully immiog trails to Echts through mort mod non utmospbet rod b there fort brocbod. When you have made your bra srp tuto obarytoy the thy Too Go ih po farther Bold a kacopo rod you can aplore the depths of the writerx. Double viandustan rable man iod Dudac Le your reach los mirifum of to the fact that the sky botol at fancials ding but there to more than a lifetimes cater treat dat toont alph on the Ind many of the sta Soupe patum T xveral of tbe funnets, derrufy dorto a lettunor bort on the noon, and with the telescope spot Cutous doulet tar chuston, mod debuts. The seu to be shy v bat Orebicad but then it thousand of dute kan boodreds of marbh tin, beroetable mith on on the moon, and liters of a motoconet coden stor terch of the clestope The B Rexona whok or not the baby beta to more

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·1 DXTTOOUO TO THE HEARIN kalore, every best got free borte pola fost ostis anda 7 art mod sky to be mordered two prest with the obe It& 360* troch ny od marcha the ordet stor for Be The Wall circle from the poke the most pok. Ito wt the quartererdie het gestor to the port s 99* If the poker b baby the tha bonth, then the parks about hall**y the roadOf corrus, mox people to doubt make toy Oce, but to do ad arreyot ko toportant. They auch nach o referent lang tac bersol #amoos of burbice part of select on the carte modo a bucket of oor' lautank is the attack of the take afiors sac tartit thone. Even Hy het as other want to sed by modern mrtalost La airy to tractions on. Ka oor has yetked stund be orth H A Beauty Te koon that about 135.000 cscler . Tu poulet computer approattaidly boypus estaurants in distance beta som to pokats on the earth on the e as a kuplitude and then a near the treatment tu* p ** bo act plant. Thormods of year up in bet Eye Em determined the due of the earth by a la chodte bettermed the old to be found a koow coquently at arcumfertext thred 360 der drd. Hexmy from traveler thus be in appeared al & kertak boleh set themed the use one from two dor track chick bar med to buildrenar la bright in depth berlop the goure, est constag **rth 360 bokse hur 111 th the ank's law) chretnlerce is nepriklad by the bodice beza mam obe tro te ben bil mend that co bn able by wwwple postitucio, to make portretty to the and about 73.000 miles dourad ha tort wry wone ha mer wated througb de carta ta pole poc m *t tron tann about 7800 malam har En m pou tle Arhat the pain bec v on the metroud kle i boretall. We can be * bu od beo MOTTY bow Kect Iriber #krod A torout Us 3 cos a dartext obe roupily * moes wand. Tsatt se debess matberpatical mod thep berwrea cittumiereact to szameter * my drakt, and a pry do we rode the earth. By odnes buatbetasucul me, BM powd to come the 0.000000 tourse of the Arth from the to. Our bort boot of te plaset tut my wood too . The hot shy thiolaz w op mit of tacts plea k thraya And the planet rolama wana mn better on Ext box tots wees dhe ka prezenty ke kod ml ·12 NET HANDBOOK OF THIX ITAYENS - There is a stal sathsfaction in knowing which stars to h rummer what different stars will decorate wima su which planets shine in the moralng sky what other than to the west after the setting of the sun Long ago pcopic med pictures among the start the carved those heavenly figures on sopra lo Babylonia, them on papyrus in Egypt Ared them on marblc in Creed and palated them on buffalo skins in the next "CIL. To ancient constellation figures can atill be recognized for sans seem to tuy the same in relation to their neighbon for • Useime and even thousand years. Really they are dofing in space, but they are so far away that their mother cannot be noticed in a lifetime. To the usalded cyc the keem fized and permanent in position Even though they do scem Äred in relation to one another all the ser aprear to move together around the carth. LODI 050 people thought they actually did circle the earth 24 hours the way the sun sens to do But then it was die covered that the anth Hself was turning on its urls and the the apparent motions of the sun ond mam were the result a this movement of the carita. There is one star though that does not to 10 chung much It h the brightest in ine Life Digner Ils proper mardi h Alpha (a) Its family name, Una Minor bence the H* is called Alpha Ursae finoris and is sicknamed pole acar Hanging over the ronh poto of the carth, over one on on the uk on which the carth turns, it is the brightest star closu to the north celestial pole All the eart scenu to rotate amound the north star which itsell main a small circle around the cclesual pole every 24 hours because it is really 1977 from the true pole To the casual observer it appears 1 k. quite motionless and always to occupy the une place for any onc fatitude to the northero hemaphore (where pole star means the north flar) However tolars, the north star tus diferent position for every latitude within that hemkphere in the New I nglaod sutes it about hall way up the northern sky wherea north pole k borehead. At the equaror however the pol har be just at the horizon So if you travel to the month the polc stas climbs Puster the farther you to ben nub south the star drops Lower and disapnear Il you crm the equalor late the southern hemisphere. There the wuih pular remton of the sky comes insosky and to the same thlon those siass climb higher above the southern horton travels from the equator toward the wouth pole Junt as there is pole of the sly prof the earth pic there b a celestial equalor that bangs over the Lorrestrial op 1 onct ·13 TOUCY TO THE HEATING L of care, moybere nye from both pota je oss at The mort end sy me be coastered to you Lohen te other lib 180* soud soy clicke pica History one for too. The mil code from the ho poklos apok k 110* And the quarter-stde det to the post s 90* I loe porn star it half.my toy ba the porth, on the runt sbor balty the out. O copy, bow poopt ook docrat make my Lertnet, bet to Rin Ruttyon #braportint They Mis of rotor die betreba macets Art pourses of creat on the earth 180 cctical anal d ooty bunade by the debude ot ne e Dr the long rolled pation de cent loot. Even Hry s ad other on an med by modern mators that trade obet MO DO Lavad robod the earth with a Desturing trast to that about 15.000 mo dronter * To ponte compok approximately whict you the there online between to polots on the case on the betono lotimode and then compare the behatol e pode ser ind place Thoranda of onio Enr se la Egr betermoed the size of the carb by er et ben bu yorld to be read and to dokgopods that mereace beard 360° s dod eta erak. Har troc a trurder that the bus sppened? pereat be brothed the one that trova roll to coes he mettered toe daaroor m helghat in depth flonby Cow Sport, no pot k h 360 bekrew w beatrda i soch trommara represented by the boat berm that no ctober wan ke penyata that hance het metode, by simple wattpadot, to leto ortody that the art on toodi 23.000 A Round la te towy Doo bus trented through the earth Tompok to pole Te koor dat about 7000 miles to antes posible to pare this ou main because ** sbor the most like a buktath we ca mort al od the desconto how much futba Hoord het trash Ab 3 lactos ' dameter with a rooghly to be tropod Theme A denke mathematical telauce betha moto dutter bry dec, 264 copy the end tot worth By her wrthetete de un poble to tear the om no mums stad toe art roer en kon Our the ope of a planets that toont trongd te won. The why woods of acto plant balans ve Aed the plota rotta por la ukose Jos olet dode protly she had it ·NIT HANDAOOK OF THE ITAIMS Pole Suns ry E quaformy Suns rosso Earths atmosphere 1 Pole Frare 1 Inotanto. Insolation depends upon the laclination f the noi naye, and tbe absorption of the atmosphere hen me coastclercqua uers, ac Hapt output of solar energy and coul dince from the sam daptate now theke (Moederes, doudy roomated' wiib the harr KLOM, Lo blat Lutudes, barack 1 Boler rays de preud o tra la ares and thus is low concrontal than Apollar bundle of my lower blaudes, Samlad's #infot tkal obligge na spus throu greater thick pen of almonphere coorquent long much of Tithing and beating poer In considering the motioos of the earth it convenient assume that the sun's position con tant onc Since carta does not move in a perfect arco around the amx sometime nearer aod sometimes farther from it In Shaur we are about 3 000 000 miles closer to the sun than in lol The varying distance dans not male winter and summo however the actual shift of the season comes from qul underent couser The earth hy round. rapped hout it blanket of air and tipped upon its aris Sunlight must per trate the alr before it can artis anth ben ath, crk are the most rective as the accompanying di gram to because they pao through a minimum amount of and it upon a comparathcly smal surface of thus uncentras i beit beat. The standing pages on she gther hand, pass throu * much greater thicinet of ·15 DoouTTON TO THE HLATTE dla dobry polos moct of lets bete botte utt Then Hoy te torta da ant them at perde Hot water vertical aneh Row I the oth of the month met Araight op and down packaulu the plane babict the earth more, vorth sir vork that are in the quber od during in Huku her latruda del testet tipped from Iblast 231 may from the papeodicobar to the bhd k more about the wa. As du world marria and the man who da than tpped the one ample Debating the manne Grection, Berd oo poke and then the Kerk wure the sto Tac dys shift troca 231 mo of the mor po tom um fundo not of that pery in the contine urmately 23% bryoof the ra mud then berood the south pote. The der grom lodig ka manken babbert od then become short These are dartying and tar to change of the NL the con cord pe o come un change la as pour to bring the season about Duty or With the albupbes the herre moon than during Anda, seems to shitt plat comtrouy araba badpoond of an u tha Anth pomno urood The a beth o scutered through the ar that the sky b too Loch hor a les the gars, bart the in alman there. Oa borczalon plus colapse Duo A dark mouth the that formata w Macover that the san dort She knd are the very ones that we see to the Han har det Of course, the edipke occur la loter LET THas the won the won the oughts of summer Ther particular mtupa of the why that to me puhmi cocthys The models recognized it had onlike o contathlons 35 bat oss of his represent for St. It would that tooths, or band of most, and non deres to more. As the ann alve pogod tbc e mia the sun apparent motion in the startteally notec of the arts true normal. Although e cunpox ot frequue vas as the duty talog od study of the a detect the ancient did. They stond tell che prenio atver the com wat dan stan uus * cold be recogreed be a pohot As the Ich gud, the um mistet wed here to polo hon The Sun u bore tou tan bon Wenty u the bearing of the month old man with the the rol of the mooth. Then the lon honed to propten tauto antwoos te cealer of the rodiac brotthly poll around the verb, the more O ·Meridian pole Where equator and ecliptic TOTS ero ibe cquinonpott along the fun apparcat path reached near March I After the equinot times, the Houationes. Climbil 16 NE HANDBOOK OF THE HILAVDNS kry 21 217 Decl North colesne 45 jsouth Warshal pole 1 Nadir Figure : THE SLASONI At dderent twoo (the jar the Doon su appears at diderenta tude to an obarver at any one station. Our diagram b down for loculty lo latinde 2J45 N Bout important ause of the dance KUND, u strated to the damn the duderence to be the day and night at different times of the year for the lofth of the palh bove the horizon indicates the darbgbt bours. moves regularly among these une stars, as do the planeti varlow intervals. The moon a path, always close to the po Crosses it la two places where the orbiu cou, colegi occasionally, ostur Either the moon comes between us the sun and hides the latter or the moon enten the card shadow sod is darkened. Decause of the eclipses that ou here the sun's path was named the ecliptk. But the earth li tipped upon its axh, and as a result of d the colonial equator is locimed to the ecliptic and cross September 23 each year from the points to the appare porb the suos ray arile the equator directly and all ou the catth there is equal day and night ·17 31000 TDX TO 7380 KLAVIA bo of the equator eher March 21 the as remical ny des Dord of the soubor On Jane 21 22. tou hubog korthera point. Thank bra the portbert the wrth lapar bo turn through antiphit two through Tortas Alghts o Hort din tru toa Tbk be done at tx kitiert for this sorth but wister de et Excha dry Aster Late some the wes kath. It ca de quatr komber 23 Fa begins, and day and me goal is the suas moet direct fall #tre Box Atlet sta che ancoran to po urther youth and December 21 & 2 has dropped to the Tropic of Capit a. The em to the boog dari bere goot rooth with s. The short and cold days winter are la bu borthern beru od le son brory kom la the portbad uhy. de swoje 0000-tbne or baldiza portion, it dumnes in place of rhin wat setting. At equipar ama I want the truthy me and starty we ca thou day! on the ceith equator As the earth routes oa tu h de son tan la the cth tod kun to me to the ca pe equator mtriot in the net. At the em climbs th of the electior rika to be worth of the cag to the north of the rett potat, rescidos te duett polonio och se sbout Yune 21 Toen ek begins cort back to the equator Ht plass der man bo Sep. aber baby December bien au lar south of de celulla! or thes motor math of the eu potot and simsrty the lotta a ret Loo po the melon poopter karned to tell about the i retom by watching the whitebe som place las and sing. Earty naturrate in China, Japan, Crown berlan, ord the America puhren vert arkeoted to make tions of thew dengan poulbote. E ca sbe Stopept led pued for purpos List of corn the orth torrt og i eth ext day the the corrat turpes lor Dierent loogudes. The kr tentang teleskope that is not men dom of both clien for before people could keep tad of what was keppentos Aradhes wit of the world. But more tout redus consect Whold of our planet istantaneously it to posible to be akty hai toh bha Chin u wel a la New Sk. la basta i porabia acrally to wh your boogtrude from obecture the art coxy realed Whea wa allerdiambil dart ble York on the other hand, trendy ALTROOS a Suschst. People to the Cou Vatted Side boons for the auto pear put their entera korsoa utat tsoon op Ended. h the same, progle la Sunschoo mun wat 3 ·NET HANDBOOK OF THE HEAVING Frost 3 The Lord The orth Ldrded loto 24 Landart time sone, ach 15 white Lovettode. Tole rection of a U S. Coast and Geodetx Sarrey dan show only the color benbere. The tor la a stations of a one rope Dormity doen by a full door from Ibat bu adlonios su Apd ropa rury la oalle erording to the correce of lacan thlo. Duromally shaded regions indicate the towaru bere on and ilme docs not dife by one bok hour from adjacalny porton hours to see the am after it bus come up in New York 01 the mus merely interesting but now it is used to belo loa the positions of ships at kand the big clippet urplanes to By the ocean All that is necessary to determine diference no longitud to Inow the ume of any tho places og the carb and fre wawal method is to in Greenw kch time 11 HL Dilara ire this you can tell the custotine helween thema '

·ETIOOUCTION TO THE HEATEYS
o curs, and then pure local time from the whitude
de son or other estrecomiend duta and the table ham
werk of amical umanes. The thou diderma k directly
eritte isto koostude dotace between the observer and
Cottorid mention. You can stars bosted of the
hand they are really preferable. So modern ship mod at
hos did to treat the clocks. This b pow called by
Trener Vateral door, because it is twed the world over
the abikhreat of longttack mod for many other scientific
pores Stations located is of loopiteade to the west of the
Paul Berita bere local time reading one bour curther
n Greeneid me, than 75 to the west, or in the Emt
Strodard -2006, have thetr local docto 5 boon earlier
Greenslich teuse. So It is groood the world. One can tell
*by the men betere bob on the curth Compuertas
with the Universal to be an establish bila pouhion east
nad the prime merkdim. One of the most trasportant
bop a tow does the law bep Box positions on the
m, mod a positive to be btitade from the poke star
de med kostade from the sum of the sun
String 'li paplo carpet that can carry you may
ou die tron bookt med remon you får trom the
od crery day You need only to put your head out the
Dohore to start topoa tai telp of a ploration into the outer
macho al pact, where om com mense te merkenes
that warene mod the trutubia ww med order that prerad
ft.

·NIT HANDBOOK OF THE HEAVENS Front 3 Toa-Lond The earth ba dietded tot 24 mandard-toe xoors, each 15 Toortode The Kection of U S. Coast and Ceodek Sarmoy #x abows ooly the retorn beolpbete The de bu a sations! ote rode Dormally dibers by floor from that la adjoinde no and ront rury to out the according to the coreOKTCE rithio. Dlarly waded regions indical the lattu bete ard time dog wat dider by Debok bour trom adjoining bours to see the sun after it has come up in New York on this ou merely lateresting but now is used to belp loc the positions of ships at ka kod the bly dimper airplanes de Ay the ocean. All that he accessary to determine de la longitud to know the time of my two places on the earth and it this you can tell the cast distance between them. I usul pethod is to ute Greconich toe al Hundar si ·TB AN THI OLD & Abe to the south pote it would lood that Herth of the ceket or bad become art #fres w lode that is dieront porp of drums ut Yox endy Escote bat au declampolar for your hy by Dostuloy the shade of the pole Auror kokio your littrade in de nat Amy Har the lo farther froda he tor than the poke stor from the borta ill be pour Liu those chouwpoiar a bad bayu rit en la froco the mate Latitude A eqou rection be the kar bombat eragink. As you from quatorio the dramatur la locha. As you go from potato color doorca. Sweat the protbe put of the popodatke of the Vakrd wod of many parts of Europe lies to the whole bad de bout poorte in famibe the sun that a dream har for ta modelle Lariwdes of the portero bempen pore Siche o By Deppe (or Geox Bax) the Lake per Cuppa, PATTAL od obat Down The Dg Dope property tooma Ursa bisor corech Wed of men inget an Four sent for the only three hodke of the Dapper The use the was that we kne bande employed by the Greta md Romos to At the ua of the Crost Be The town to mata boni they are a picturing the bear's bind goerteru. o be duermo platerra tu burs bata made theme e entha ATLAD bus to becomach the Dr. The Eorpo described dece u hippopotamot; yet to tam mapement test band body Fire of the Depferh B went to be of the late bright od moon Get all the stan that van me with sty Mood Int bea date corchny bother boleht hxod phondda atury poopa The 20 # dhe top of worzh das brighter than the per Dome of mabas the cond-ma peitude gors The Dea mpe, the truth pode ton, an timer i bred the love of the olmuşdude poup Thata propria bted throughout Secon 3000 mn an be seith the ballen over warto troubout the that but sety po 300 1000 In Lore on My oor place. They trop from the path toát o the in, od the statode mon # 100 triptetthe cut an hut i cm Then we ala na brothers two mapattude Thug ny Rust ·2 Stars around the Polos WATEVEK OVE lives upon the earth there are certain * that he an see night after night at the north pole of 1 earth, for instanct, opc always sees the same starb never set and are vhuible at all hour every night As the car turns ou lu axb cach 24 hours the whole shy seems to che with cvery star at a definite and constant height above horizon Those bear the horizon seem to move parallel to and those overbead orde is a direction opposite to the hard of a clock Every stær seen from the pole as circumpolar these are in only ball the sky the other half neves riset at til Dorth pole and ks forever invisible from that point Suppose, though, that you were to leave the north pole 1 o as far south a Mmnocapolit. This city and all others The same latitude are exactly hall way between the equal and the poles The pole sur therefore hang ball way shrine the sky instead of at the zenuth where a way seen from a north peographrol pole lo Minacapolu all the stars in via on any night still som to move around the polc Har but at of them rising out of the rest and climbing aboc the soutbe horizon will sink from vier in the rest and he out of the for some ilme during tho niche Above the postbera hort there are certain and that continually sking around the Dom calental pole and nevet diappee Since they are in view every hour of cvery night they are among the canot to ood Identity They are the leyl ne ol con Illalke study the circumpolar sian They form a casy pude to o near hy groups Y our journey he extended and we conunue ! we find the pole iiat at the horizon and no 11 tumyoti for all of them both rise and set. Our pole sa pris, iker the northern horizon and off at the southern Ma nuon sub celestial polc a localed Continuing out wurney to it Touth We would and the winh polar rignin in When we reached Tammania the south orkesaj po nearly half way up the sky Again Tour of drde the pole remaining la view throush the orde of nighe Bot at this pole they move to the aristy i direction the course kould W0221 2 0 ·> ປີ STALS ADOUND THE ROLE OnLThe mob the boulbiche correspood to the past of the Grert Dipper A workeby bolster than the wborn to the potrie tre clied by thai Dame, the epoodos sus the Little Dropper ut called the The Three monor thout the pole star w moi pod thote may be the boy of ba (mons DOT 205 te ontmod my other anderloss bone the bed to meet the boer of the sight od pa po be a bu Dapers * Ad the bee og opright the rick doma, od chets banda sud to opposite dioa indoe between the two Dappers la part of on the Drupa. The cold of bie tal fios simon directly reed Bac poroten md the pote, Bd the cold of bllons I came out beyond the Lite Dupa' bori, mwing back w Potan pun, 100 Anually card toward the constella of Hercules mam Wher you are recorated the Great Dapper traced the im dhe pokemon and found de Line Dipper bangla Tounod mogurtstock bone from the pouaters to the ad atrodo nequal distance the other shke. There hand you do insped prop, Cambopel Aaron pode frto Um Alakor ord pestry distant from Pourta Froup the tepstest, re my ablak cair opoo Do quero of Ethiopia bated ato com o plyte i jor and Casiopeta circle beton like the opports shoes of wheel, ASP.NET Great Dropper langs sidor, Cazlopela textbla reht sich on the opportte wide of the park. As the son Coopea doabe the bordeniera sky bulle Gm Dipper drop down to the world where borboo. Al be bo delle batacker, the postdoor at treried by a TUTA. At uit dhe me muutty cungod plaan. Bu Mountain the Great Depper bogato blisti orabend, and mopeta hops you atore te hormon Swards is mypical contrato. It proup of ston #bo books in the site to Eat, #pared the thand man ro wore it ny mothed :ren mod red boat ters that bea people from med Yes Wool & the song in this was too wt te to than otherhodd all of them are writed from : moduct bry mo aha Pro tome other count of Bonnerke thok up an add por ions the poe picture, thb Luc Corner of te very it some other tok bly wat be diftent. For the fans at tty Stay toob et. The speed and directions of hoodreca : To Exut frog the auth that tato ·22 NIY HANDBOOK OF TIL CATENS 7 IN -- nh 1 MY Mg Mega 4 Servere 17 Firurt Torth CncourOLAR CONSTTILATIONS are recloned on the same scale Stars 15 times us help first magnitude are designated as zoto magnituiles brighter than that are labeled munus Thus Sirlus our hotell et star b magnitude -158 The lowest value represenni fcalcat brillance So Polaru is among the recond-magnit Froup and five of the sten stan in the Great Bear are this same bruleance It o no wonder then that the 1 Dipper b cany to end ia flance and Pulicato la when one follows the pointer of the Dipper The pointers are the two stan opposite the handle of Great Dimper By following thac dnnn from the bou of the bow through the pointer and citended about ! times the dotance between them one come to the role To make sure that this k Polaris one world learn U Alior the Litle Dimmer ... well. The Little Bipper Polark in the end of its handle the boahtesto rin the stellation. There are three un lo themedle and cour ·TALS ALOUND THE POLLS * The role the bond stich copiapood to be polat the Great Dipper ut condenabis brighter than the for letate pointers in alled by that is, to the therandos start b the Little Dipper un cablod the cdim. They rem ami tomos about the pore Air bo mentioned these stunt ha the boy of his famom my tow the ocean and many other writers have wa pseful in metsartos the bour of the alght od place pou the a Tax Dippen on pourrared that aber one is upright the Kopride down, and the bandes attend bo opposke otra Wouding to besten doxe two Dippers la part of moo, the Dragon. The cod of his al lla almoc dredy et the porters and the pote, und the coils of his long h corwe ont beyood the Little Dipper's bon, wag back pard porr pen, md finally torn bward the constella of Herculosharrem ther you are recopaleed be Great Dippe traced the KKTI to the pole star nod foood the Little Dipper brugtog Polenou mybe tract lose from the posters to the und extend in equal datince, on the alber ode. Then at hand you dont tour thaped group Comedopeta Acrom poke troca Ursa Major and equally distant from Polaris this group that represents, some way be chatr mpoo w the ancient queta of Ethiopia bated. 14 the count of sight Unn Lajor iod Caloptu arde berrec le the opposite side of a wheel. At 9p.m. May the Great Dipper beep pudo dom, Cmclopela resemo bio Het wake up on the opposite side of the potaAs the turns, Caminopela cooby the portheastern sty while i Great Dipper drop down to the northeastern bortron. Al duke latitudes, thetr poutions we reversed by peter tan. Alle they but axtty cungod placeBut TUDT the Great Dapper bapan byta ora bend, ood vstopera ang pag above the bormon Canlopele sa typical constellation. It is poop of our to look after the aune. Ja fact, I appeared the pe con tus a thousand yan po when it drut recetred A mnd eren looper yo than that ben poopte Art herred. Yet me of the run in the coardato it best to than others, and all of them are puntod from bodhet by millons of milou Frou One other corner of unter these une runs would not for the une preture. to ume corner of the water toch Olber hos thetr Retett vid be dulctol For the fun vi aty tas berough space. The speedo sad corection of bundrede - Loon. That disixat I on the earth that has ·durerent ren in the constellation halben followed 24 NIF HANDBOOK OF THE HEAVENS acter thouhods of years for any change in the ment to be goticeable to the naked cye. Neverthelen to crn to struments their motion aan he detected over of years, and we know that a time will come thousut un in the future when many of the familar sar beret! be hard to recognize Some of the star groups are truly related. Tive of the hall stor to the Big Dipper for example belong to the w fundy The Open cluder" of lu memberi mores up through space all the tan sharing a common speed and station of motion. For a lifetime of a man upon the carth through the pro of many Acticrations during the years of a millennium 1 sty wol look much the ume. So the 89 comtellations I which the sky has been divided today will be there tomory And will serve as poins of reference for men a thousand to from now Caushopcia la fumt one of these 89 yet it is typica the rat its borden include pot just the w-shaped gure 1 to casy to xt with the eye, but many faint stan neu that one must look closely to find. Then too, there are double man that lle within this constellation area which only revealed a double in the telescope Here too art dost ol start aod hery patches of light that are called the nebol Stan that vary in their light can be found in this area alto one night one can learn to and the "w" and to recor Casiopela sented upon her throne Many nichts must ibough before one can easily pick out the boundaries of 1 tar date and find with his unaked eye all the stand belong within It. Many more pichts may be spent in di.com ing those bldden objects that lie within the reach of the scope Near Cassiopeia is the section of the sky bich the On named after Cassiopelas con-in law Perseus. A snert stream of tar that runs from Cantopeia to the little of the Pleiades depicts Percus Ile still holds in het handa head of the Medusa relic of his heroic adventure with Gorgons. One of the wicked eyes of the snaky buired modul atin shmei bat kemi lo clone now and then for in Parka king wars that changes his leht from day to day it is called somed by the Arabs the Demono star Anos variable sur In Perseus Rho () Algor a corto name wad' Rhodokrotull name at slans bare common name only the brighter and so spectacular as rule wete named indivkually but the user apers must the able to identify any term considad ·7 т AS AJOUND THE FULL stal center les Thos Algod b abo Beta () Pare Unals battere su di proup s alled Alpte the pet Beo o dora the line or CCT, thert ut m.my tuin them be boundaries of coc constellation when the atrodo out Greek letters they dober, Anbiektod stem of codes that related the car to us place in bus abiops La for det b mother ob ea that he i Creet urme A tin dau o fars viable to the malled qe ato pulcher, Cheb Pend Simllar obycts to then, aber stres, and other vorbable man Be within Cephem, Bandopardalis, Lacerte und Lym) cookeilations or du bor tot alle porthern Lustodes Short brportret Dext to Cepbcom toe besband a Codopela cod the King Echaopia. He los almost be love with the Great Bear but on rochet nade of the pode ser in the Traky kn So y considerations are igram Greek twythology that with the stories wide books pleasure le atroco You remerober bow Cumiopes, Queen of Elhiopia. *** berold and vale. Se crooned the healoosy of the Sa Toba od pmited acto forto sala. They cob Nope dematog be poslabent. Neptoor ordered Camlopela Abte bat duesheet Andromeda to the mus bort mod chain bomoct. Then a bore a monster would burne devoured b. brave bappened woop on his way from plays the y Corpors. He pled down og har meged botxe, Pepen, o che lawas bad out of bass pooch, turned the amour To on mod rescued the borety laty Torn bu restored ber cakeed mochet Coscopeha od bet prateful ter Cepbron. All these are to the une part of the way opea, Cepheos, rod Perxen o crampolar in mbt Hader. Acromeda, Pepen, to the sea monster ut very Soome pertos do potan for mythology they art mort arewed the tch boxoncalood people berhape of the en They recount the sentorn on South Sa Idanda bort *obotion de son for thoorapa of mio Over the trees Or they point out to the Crow Corre, blooms ution French, Cono ba laim, Rabe la Clermo Tb Em called it noah Roa ftylos ore the dekort To Anbe be laten Bal wow to Chicw i Rod EL So the tortot the ons ute one ong the world md duroopa tope La Costicos e of the most famous of table de HU) Cepbe. By the bea yod ose the Greek later starb cattocen to use the pattere cut of the a wintertitton lotion by. Then it Berta Orbant.

·{ Ti kthehet font ty thy War Hotels The M MATIT o un crit fation in an dutoon! Han m the site laf y hay fotknu NI ITAONOR OF THE SIT AVT tettral thowinds of jean fy any change in thet a ment to be motkrable to the soled eye Neretibelom in em lostruments thet motion and deteted of a of years, and we know that a time will come chos an in the future when many of the ſamdur star of the he hand to recognize. Some of the sur grups are mult related reelthen start in the Ris Dippet ir crampie hel ng to the e fumily The "open clucer of it mettets mines n. through space all the stars sharing a mmmn smule Itction of morko Fra lifetime of a man iron the carth through the pt of many fenctatkins during the yean of a mumshot & we knok mixh the ume So the XV matcllxlx J hich the shy has been in Jed today with he there to and will send a points of reference ! men a thxuand ja from now Causiogicua just one of these 89 yet iting the rest. Its horders include nox fost the whare Gfurt 1 o cacy to see with the eye tot many faint stan neal that one must look closely to find Then 13there are doune man that lie within this amcllation area, whi to onli tercaled as double in the telescope flere too are cu of stars and hary pas her of lighe that are called the acht Start that vary in the light can be found in this ara al one night one can learn to and the and 17 ray Cassiopela kated in her throne Vanr nichts mount though herore one can easily and out the thumdant of star store and and with his unaye all the gan helong within ft Alamy maite nights may be spent in de ing those hidiken of its that lie with the reach of the cope Near Catskyria is the kithm of the is whah the on named after Cattiopeias kn in law encu Anush stream of stars that runs from Cassieu to the little pony of the Meados denti I nxeu We still hole in hb bi head the fedin reit of his henni aventure Gorfin. One of the orman then It haire mm 100 shine hut Kem to cktus now 40 then I 1 urat #tunling Harth ! danges to light from todas as It calked, named the Anahs the Deitin itar and vaniahle garfo Perut Rhoir) Alert batm ni name and to Kini, name all otan hair anime name the t shior and m portacular asanue Te Dimei itikan tuli ·35 STADS ALOUND THE FOLD ceteria Thos Alpad sabo Beta () land Unity brightest w 1 proop is abled Alph, the sett Beta Toa don the box. Of course, that wo may part boonduri o cos constellation. When the stron one out of Creet lettere they med bombers, Arabic let And i den of codes that related the star to its place dow settore klare there b wober obicct that berts Groot Dame Ato doterol tan ruble to the malded eyt us two by patcha, Chlte Penti Shobar objects to the other we on, and other notable gars llo within Cephens, coperdale, Lacerta med Lyok! considlations or for the niche portata latitudes Mort bmportant them to Copbros, the brusbend a Colopela sad the Klas Elblople. the li mort la loc with the Great Bear but on rochet de al de poke star la the Mbity Way 50 many coctetom te gure la Creck Duythology that arty with the porta a to one pleasure he wrono You toember bor Cropele, Queen of Ethlopta, mu beradlo od mia. She aroined the lealousy of the sa mphe domted them into webon. They went to Nep e demot be puebhom Neptune ordered Camlopela take bet daphnet Andromeda to the seabort med barn Irtoroch. Then bare kan monster would have devoured 5. Perseus lappesed along on his way from laylas the Wty Corpou. He Hacked down on bits womed borx, lepote sok te laten bed out of his pouch, turned to a more I b pooc, and rescued the lovely buty Then be restored to be seened borbet Cuntiopeia, rod be gratefu her Cepben. Al Hoche une to the de part of the sky tropela, Cepbes, mod Perrein etroumpolar to tak ala. Andromeda, Pepars, md te va morter are very Sono paro do not care for mytbolous they us mort yheted labo ricte bistonal od poprophic berkorps of the They recount the whitura South Sa hlands u Bori the follow the run for thowend of min orer the traction tra Or they polet out that the Crow Corres, toow x putea la Pirocta Corro bo lubin, Rabo Cherm The brem called u Noah Rarea Iylog over the colors. T Anbow the Rerren Bak end to the Chinthe Rech So the world of the man ute one over the world und d through to la Copticas oor of the bott Camon of wrisble want ta (1) Cabel. By the g ba you to the Greek letter the F* b customary lose the from an of the ito un othe-cosidisuloo follow boy. Then it b Beta lund.

·6
NOT HANDBOOK OF THE HEAVENS
Persei instead of Perseus Delta Copbet and Ahta Li
Minorta. It is dmple after you have once discovered
the rykem . It really kind of universal lampur
people Interested to the stars all over the world chat**
undentand, an tronomical Esperanto if you 1 u tride
dgn language that all nations can understand.
Of course people to live south of the equator I
choose the Big Dipper their guide to the eight Ayo
other the Southern Cross. Wherever you live there are laten da
Aan that remain to view night oftet night. These are the
on which to besto. Then as the reasons roll on your custom
tlops con branch out to include the now milon of spotoy
pommer and the changing start of autumn and wlnict

·3 Autuma and Winter Stars om na to pror short mod leta fall from the treet, wool butun proe looper mod water unira. Then per monter a bright sun mppant bod the best of che sboren tot the tarth. A Loowledge of the coo Pompea belp o reporting the shooting sira loa September creamp a bellunt tlangle composed of Tee of the 20 brightest on to the bettem pessorerbend. p. the blare bune c m Lyr, the Harp is out of these do the fourth brightest du in the whole of the dy Home Alta la de constellation of LTL, I bash bons four they beplant pres et le a paralelogramo. One Abors, Epikon double sia ben camined paty Betrien Beta and Gamm B the braicent Rios bude, eta tead of a small celescope The second of the first start to the big triaople b Deoek, better tar a the Northern Croa. Although the Croma y to focorolee, the mockets Voetsd be am ramu tai Suns, and the proper mure of this sy mu by Cipon. The father na cachowed within the booo darles Ipo boontos mury bakeresting objects. There are 61 mm. the Ar to him bs da moured Beta Cymi naoe of the moa berutifal of the doubke man within da ala mall telescope od the Corisack that looks bike a Makarrarou bola la ton uhy The last corner of the triangle o marted by Abai practul * Aque, de Eurk. Altar shida ta the Eagle bed Dead hnettini of the St. Tbom the man o direction does the My Hay whale te Eagle viap the opposite direction. Enics thior to doo w bigtita of fait plat out the three bright runs od then the star pictora o bich thay una part. Alter that the use may other baby cotchtioos that Btwy kentity There the day group of Delphico, the the boere oor ofte Crox mod over the band of Laske. Ooty in wun au be mto rodiy h that little oup hach Lotto people all Jet Coole. Ercan, onu ala hert werul Internating otjects the the descope. Oman D ·76 NET HANDBOOK OF THIE SLAVENS il 50 ba double star in the Dolphin't head, uod behind his tal hory patch which in the telescope is a closter of Arts stan. Between Delphinus and albinto at the bead of at the image of an arrow The constatation, made of the tal Hans bs labeled Sagitia. Between Sagitta and Chyntes ? even more foconspkuou igure uipecult, the Like A from Atrop s fables. Prize object in this area to the Direction Nebula in oddly shaped telescopic patch of mbty levitat Sagita and Vulpecula require real searching so glede for the time when you are looking for new fields to con and feel an immeuble urge to find something that I fellow star gazers have not yet drcovered Actually of con Cignus and Aquila, Delphiots and Lynu we remnants of mights of uramer They are crossing the south in the a evening in early autumn As the hours pass they wil sink the went and disappear before the dawn. Driven before th stars that hung in the went in the early meal There are Bootes, off the currt of the Dippet a banile, 1 Corona Hercules Ophiuchus, and Sachtarı When trying to describe the location of onc congelat lo relation to another we must have some methow that always work. At first It might seem us though the easter would be to say to your chow astronomer When you Orion, Sirius will be fug beton and to the left" Thh mo opply when Orop to on tho meridun and your friend to 1 norbern hemisphere. Iloweret it would be incorrect Jho carlier or 3 hours later on the same evening lo the samne kX! hy and it would be just the opposite in the southern hem phere in the long run. At rise to use the terms aborti below risht or kelt up or down when giymg directions to ду It is far better to start our correctly Imagine the ely a spbete overlaced *ith arcles like a spherical torchase the hour-cucles pass through the porci, but other clrela! right angles to the cut parallel with ibe cuator and called parelles of decl nation There is mc hour curele that cry eary to visualuc-the mendut When you face wwib you can imagine It running from the horlog three the genith or overhead point on to the north cdoul N and done to the horizon (Out of night it continues on throu the mouth celeslal pole as the ell maten Sumene 43 that Orion Home 10 just over the month paint on it merlian. To dexente Aurica properly sou would lay It wat north of Orkn. Itk keturn the best of Oroon ng north celotul pole Hornic lepu Gike the great curcle that standzie 1 of ·AUTUUN AXD TOT STANS Avlogia Lepas beroad Orloo oo my hom dtouch deshi pole Droogte the belt of Orloo runs the celestial contor Ereny bet to the read the north cestial pole ta ald kaatioo Dorth Objects between the equator and otha pole we will to bave i dodation south Jose bol ihy Oreilaha with a through the polas mer the perktan, one for o tarnybart, to drophetadla toc locches pouy be betoed other Loos perue to the mar-pendits of declination Entry raritywhere bas de partie destination Al toc man that. ke bmt lag sose been carefully sted on the inmemork of bour-trees and pellets of chokion. The frumrtort can be tied by 10 obrena tay uct warth and any one of day or photo The dcofortion of an object b menored a degree north best from the coastal tutor If the front bes 1 plus ra berort to you on the object porttit i bas aus Ir before you know the object in south Touw Capella lo prips but dedosiap bort +46 bule Alpbe Lapoda declarog about 17 14 dnatie, crestal diraioa ih niet to see the terms Sardo and so only to bbs connection, (mys bretodo creation on the gbere, worm Cotton whh the cardinal bons al the compus aptied to the bortzon) Froto k place on its boureurde i fatince north nd south of qator can be deacribed. To s pot est rod wext my s panid of dedmaso C must beve Hollar polot Irlarract. The al equinot M Uant polette place To actric and not cross and which to an para bort Marsh 1 TKHr portion bed rotu krowd ensured from the vepal equbor to hoor. The race pered carword (soon tohutoor to Dec point here the hour dick tout per through fer crow the qator Obrowly the memoria of Har het mon bourn umflat to gropopbx lonpitode, At the kutoa ot a muumilar to geographit sitede odh the depth Excha ar apmesent place of the celestial para bare i co the blood For lotte, Bedfort (Alpha Orloa) k located near the consta decondoo +7 lorong dir a mort thu you need to donate how to dod fron a tolalobetdease Fra Bed the two raru, coota them with the love and pote the bee's direction *th me to the how turto ou Dets ol declinon the kto the Seas he woud of Betelte od to the on the picu bat bitte Aldrim ta to the port ·8 NET HANDBOOK OF TIIL HLAVTNS ho double star in the Dolphins head, and bchind his ual hary patch which la the telescope is a cluster of count Bet cca Delphlaus and Albirea at the head of gous the imart of an LITOW The constcuation, made of five fa stars, Labeled Sagitta. Beti cea Sagitta and gnus lics even more incorupkuous figure Vulpecula, the Line F from Aesop a fables. Prize object in this area is the Dumhb Nebulanan oduly shaped telescopte patch of misty light Sagitta and Vulpecula require real searching So have the for the time when you are looking for new fields to conqu and feel an Irresistible urge to find something that yo fellow Hargazers have not yet discovered. Actually of coun Cygnus and Aqulla. Delphinus and Lyn are remnants of t nights of furomet They are crossing the would in the ci cveping in carly autumn As the bours pas they will sint the west and disappear before the dawn. Drlica before th will go the stars that hung in the west in the carly acol There are Boots, off the curve of the Dippers handle, a Corona, Hercules Ophiuchus, and Saptartu. When trying to describe the location one congeltatu to relation to another we must have some method that always work. At first It might seem us though the caskest I would be to say to your felloor astronomer "When you Orron, Sirius will be just below and to the left Thls milopply when Orloo is on the mendiad and your friend in 1 northern hemisphere. Horever it would be incorrect 3 here carller or 3 hours later on the same evening in the same loc hty and it rould be fuse the opposite in the soutbeta hcm phere In the long run, it is not rise to use the terms above below rishi or left up or down when giving directions to 1 It k far better to start out correctly Imagine the sly hd sphere overloced with drcles ide a spherical burkar the hop circler pass through the poles, but other circler right nogles to these are parallel with the equator and called parallels of declination There K ooc hour arcle that very casy to ynwallre the mildion when you face s south vou can imagine it running from the horum thror the zenith or overhead point on to the north celestialan and down to the borizon (Out of sight I conunues on throul the south celelal pole as the ori marid an ) Suspore the that Onion seemed to be just on the south point on the meridian To describe. Auriga properly you w wrth It was north of Orion in their im the head of Orson inun Dorth celesual pole Ilonnet crus is south of Orion cause the great circle that wanted sith ·5) WTU EX AND TO STAL HSPOT Sport leure! pote Mode Tipate Oz Ama culina elephats in the areal pben a ket cepkentang hala the contine the best in Altend the cht of the absce sbarre un bonton Ted drag the reikal At whert pret ettert. Am the data blad, ond or be the con openklude the confort's mortal arde hauty H topold ( SA) Wriodon Dobra med put on through Led S A) to be director of the letters too. The reaboosblp Autea text in altry Dod morem apper the me and costumuloy and commity be donertbed to this Poor Tber noch te for den to the car' pod door bode womb Sheet the situat depots opon the ob bank with the mod pura Tu Wokoda, o on the larga abort som bortron h deptbe machen be deduce la dem med ruwed from o pobat of the bortcod wood te shida to the potat tu erda meets the borito lo up be bore tortero porn of wheth both worth pour borgotso the correctly EN OM

·3
TEHLTROOK OF THE HEATY
Eglutar
Eda
Pa
עלאאטא ין *
*
Equator
rizons
A
There $ TDI BI D -
- Es ror: tarix! The 25 mert the cl
brt the carth t the test bon we colod
patra and the Red Turg Te Erre de 20
**1 Sbabe I s roirds suraend akeh L.
Itbe 21
T-trul isure
-Akt IXTADO
4- Duration
mc-Cortul
Ik
-Cult of
CTI-ty of
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·buopio qual distance south of Triangulum. Thc Har Gam: In Artes baloa double sy to resolve Minch more importa 32 NEV JIANDBOOK OP TIL LAVIN for devigation but for most ustronomical purposes the ascension-declination item is more in ute. oil in the cast of the sky early on the alpha of water Pegan, Andromeda Triangulum, Arks, Pices, and Ap properly the star of fail. Most characteristics of group is the great square of Pegasu. To be ancients bei Terepted the white winged horso that inspired the poco di and carried Perseus through the sky after he had Note Medusa. To a modern boy however that Kection of the looks like a baseball diamond. There are the bore plate, G second and third bax, crcn the right and left Acid foute and the catcher Jo the old story Persew ww ndiog upon Pegera bet looked down upon the shores of Ethiopia and there! Andromeda chained to the rock Appropriately then..! constellation of Andromedaljes very near 10 Pegant in La they share one star in common, Alpheraiz, frequently, tioned by Anne Morrow Lindbergh in Letten the pind. A dromeda was the daughter of Casiopela and Cepbou ! fmally the wife of Perseurs Since they are all close togethet the heavens, it bacary to find them and to remcunber theus. The corner stars in the square of Pagarus are so bright the arca inside the squart looks quite ilke empty sky a clear night, though a person with good cycuicht aan om well over half a hundred stars inside the squarc Wd iclescope he can see many more. Some of these are dod and some are grouped in dusterk When you aro garching the square of Pegasus for the that you cho recognize look along Andromeda for puleb often called Member 31 When you have floally look ible miny patch fun barely visible to the eye it b bard believe that it is actually made of 100,000 000 000 kups the ono that we at ach day Its to distant that only iclescope and camera.combined can show his true nature. I reveal hot to be whole universe of sten like the MONY palary of which we are & part. While you have your telenor ibere be sure to tum it toward Gamma Andromedae for Har e a beaullus double that an be caudy separated mal descope. Once familar with Paragus and the long line of Andra ada you will bare no difficulty in recognizing the short group of Pisces to the south, w well u the two mallet ca Wellations Trangulum and Antes, in this name region 1 Triangle the full south of Gommi Andromedae and are zouiac however to the fact that long ago # ·AUTOEX AXD TIL STLS o bat or the buttons of Ortoo sad ree come Actara to Ttore. That what the bott bord de Il Dental de Hooket mod you encore the brightest war tuy Daten der Dor Star Akboost the Grecta mod 3 Ropes where the online orth the Dor the din interpreted the best of a bird Wacat for bo Svea Tox best before that more to Egyptam pred tre bog orar tod deed laty roce Fett. Sted the actrh s Albrom some 50 trollo hypere it from the art a very to como pared with Main Tout le top brattacs (la mamutedt 151) bod bo tako da bi te Doy Star la poca scher of an item bo bint titted elaston ko there mighton das nice people first inde mond of the sky ander trscorted that He Sachen we Vega boca toppet dy veten data to that och in than $1 tb Emplace troopted by tak dis Imery te wack orttu ty tid Boetty souced the Hint 12 redarrior pont end equinon, koo. He docided that a the mena a Art any of prtony was creatae wa Andora the edix et tout cesturlar Than be anded with the documery of the pression of de spa Sam * Zor that. 26.000 ran per the anh to set mos me breg tog The motion ITA 5 potation of the attestato and coon gency that hon maar het coatingomity past the background of at Ass Toeren Am become poke su od tou Hoor ortoped by the man op Worca 2) A pomes the tator in de verki apreson sorty stats voor the refpic from the crois 5 About Promo Da te k place pour la Hope relation to per al resto la possy doa mor Etat ndosh to ook sootbrt Honce the actuar son of the tenthera change the pipes places 5 of our Many thoumats of Jenny required et toon on the war op viably the party pas bon ton Sara the danto a more conty abstrakt EN AART Cookoo to the H Dot Com Mayor our wrth Lute Dog Cart With * 4 P. Betroca te toon of 1. un reprom Mopotean, the Lord Moccaro, 60 etc Veprada Locort, ad Suret Wthc puta kuiot sexy fra ett ut too Dop to er best two boys, Cactor PoteTin boods A tot Donal coordon ·1 NIY ILANDBOOK OF THE HEAVENS from which the positions of all celestial objects are rector Aloat the zodies beyond Aria and Plsces les Aquar. the Water Carrier and put him towards the west, Capricorn the Goal. Capr.comus follow after Sagittariin, the Arch and It disappear beneath the western horizon on autumn ning. South of the zodiac ! Cetus, the Whale In this conster Ilop anda . variable dar shines, named by Hevellus, Ming, 1 Wonderful A wrange Bloklag" star Min takes abow months to change from second magnltude to ruth and fina yunltha from naked-eye right, reaching enth magnitude ncarly a year its variation change it from a star as bright Polosh to one Invisible to the unaided cyc. As Cetus comes out of the southeas carly on autumn Blog, Taurus, the Bull, rises in the cast and follow after zodiacal neighbor Artes Taurus has many claims to fame ibe time of the Egyptlaos It was the most important of the group on the path of the run for the versal equlgox located there at the time. The Bul . Lyg tdcburun bone the 20 brightest man. In the Bull's face ba little cluster brillant stars, the Hyadel. On the Bulls shoulder is tho fato group of the Pleiades, often called the Seven Sisters, com times the Seven Drothert. Although it has long been alled # Seven Sisters, there are only sy stan that can be seen at glance, whereas at least 250 can be recognized in the chiese with a closcope Sometimes November to culled the Pl_1 month because this group is to prominent in the eastero In the early evening Most snectacular group of the winter season is Orion, Hunter Two first-magaltude dars Detelgeuse and Rigel, de ornto this constellation arts and several of the second briebte are Included within lu boundaries Three bright stars equa spaced in a unaight row form the belt of the Hater thr pore represent the word, and Ave are prominent in kbc Oru of the mac Betelgeuse in the right shoulder Bellatrie lo Left, Rigel in the left foot and Seiph the night art casy recogolre. Two of the man of the hell arc Inc doubles, or in the word is in muralkent sebula, the ear lo the ris shoulder b one of the largest known, and Risel has about a greatest loulosis brightneu of any har Slace the belt of Orion shows the location of the cele equator Orion's head and shoulder belong to the northern Hemisphere, and his legs and feet lic south of the celestt cquator Sioce all dlurnal motion of the why through hours of the night tala place parallel to the celestial cquare it is well to koow the location of Ortons bett It can also guia, Big Doe Tre you to the sye of the Bull mnd the rose ·>> AUTUNN 180 1722 ITAL the hea orun the south o Ord so you comer Axkurs To Trxe song the bed to the Best of the Hosts and you in the kichak Ist Seen die bey Alivouple Bree Bonsai Weted this with the the Dove the mptats represente bat o't bad waarin har ben az 20 10% pun boot te was. to papel din best of the year and set {msty orkest FIA Wra Scresc Home DART Ran Although we trillion o parte at the arts very set compared with Ten Toet hepatospira rebotes to make and also uia chrut the the Doy Sunt of nh wa hapo ne tittedraalboo ** thor *** Axe poogle Book de record of the sky och snyttet Scres ad Veys born KU ipbuh aderet med de merform ou no te Empresa Propied by the day way become wretu Aucts 4 1. Doard the wall of help met non. He decades W put on the won of the form toy o wa staging nend along the woders ssh the came to be creded with the many of use presta of the wall 6 x00 123 pun tak cuth wa hao Thas mora palo i procena pod word coorsquamatytut The Ermalt white culous 4 be back proroond of out there was become pak sam *4 the rason ecuped to the wo a tant Islom the harta u ox ans anos, tort shift soos the ectors Ach the rept MS wthout pressure the Katy PLACA Pret to are reason to poses of merectutedy dos Doll Ceriter renombre a obce Hot Yet the waual Motos of the war. bosch #change er san pics theo* x Vesty House of no required relat rather untianes created tractor apporost 4273 bp les Sant to the s max #dy wrestaba Courb org tay, CANVA* briliant Un ach an the Link Dot Cocis not *th att ** Hos Barres de no Dopi gondo textures to Lima Wears yn* the world. Ixem2 14 Sport Team Inot to Dign sout sayt na bona Catior postos denty el Ter in bodite total colod thea ·1 NIV HANDBOOK ON THE HITAVENS from which the positions of all celestial objects are reckor Along the zodiac beyond Aries and Pisca llos Aquar tho Woter Carrier and put him towards the west Capricorn the Goat. Capricornu follow after Sagittariut, the Arch and it disappear beneath the western portzon on autumn ci ning South of the zodiac is Cetus, the Whale In this conste tlon arca a variable war shines, named by Hevelius, Mira Wonderful A urange blinkloghar Ain ukes about months to change from second magnitude to sixth and fin: vanishes from naked-eye sight, rachiog tenth magnitude Acarly a year Its variation changes it from a war us brisht Polaris to one Invitble to the anaided cye As Cetus comes out of the southeast carly on autumn ning, Taurus, the Bult rises in the east and follow after zodiacal neighbor Arles Taurus has many claims to fame the time of the Egyptians it waTthe most important of the groups on the path of the run for the vernul cquloox located thche etibe time. The Bulls Eyg, tdebaran 15 one the 20 brightest stars. In the Bull. face la little cluster brillant stars, the Hyades. On the Dull's shoulder b the famx group of the Pletades, often called the Seven Sisters, ROTI times the Seven Brother. Although it has long been called i Seven Slaters, thero are only di stan that can be aca at glance, whereas at least 250 can be recognized lo the chos with a telescope Sometimes November I called the Plan month because this group is to prominent in the castem : In the early evening Most spectacular group of the woter season is Orion Hunter Tyro first-magnitude stars, Betegeibe and Rigel, de orate the constellation are and several of the second brighte arc included within its boundaria Three bright gan equal spaced in a straight row form the belt of the Honter thr! more represent the sword, and five are prominent in the gu of tbe man. Betelgeux la the right shoulder Bellatri hot Left Rigel la tbe left foot and Salph in the right arc cary recogoize. Two of the start of the belt are fine doubles, o in thc raord is in a magaidcent nebula the Har in the ne shoulder is one of the largest known, and Rigel hu about ! greatest latrinsic brightness of any star Stoce the belt of Orion show3 the location of the celeb cquator Orlon hard tod shoulders belong 10 the north hemisphere and his leps and feet le south of the celest equator Since all dlurnal motion of the sky through hoan of the night the place parallel to the celeulal equali It is well to know the location of Orion s helt. It can also gu you to the sye of the Bull and the nose of the Big Doç. Tra ·AUTUN AX TIL STATS 7 py # bet brud the Dorth of Oro ud for some Altern ba Trero. Trat doar the towed the Hubert of the Rent and you comit the bride # the dy Sling the Dog Soar. Albourt the Greata od Lomaos bentibod s bribes ro with the Dor the mas odoreditebat of bird thing for to the Strios por parte con the the Eppoa prodhyb of the yee pod dermed laty perrufu oda kos sode of the berre store Althoort tone 50 trilog The report trop the earth this very compued the harun That bete bloei brighten ( implode 13) and wo mata dear by the Dog Sur logo Renter of we tal com o bom titted a dution to Abborn at people ont de record of the sky grande concorded that to be too Siro mod Vega both Scoppture hay dederet relation to the parts phies des orth Egypte. Protipted by thfa dir be made anul tacy and Baby moued to an of en protect the soul tool, too. He decided that plua o tot ow on the first dry a pomog creeptor only verd door the module with the centuries. Thus hc atsked web tot oprety of the prechod of the tram ATA CON koow thaL * -6,000 yen pan. ucoanh bbble boce po me they appl Thy notice TRADE portion of the oth pole Rod conqueady shut I dhe qortor site CORDODOy post the background of 61. Au th, incat or become pole wurt, rod the to acuted by the auto oo Mucha zi H crown the or the rural que son, whosty wodu dog the epec a the cena. Abhout pro bola te wurs place pour to orto Todoo to powts of referrace a te aty do not Whos ther restostep to op* lone However the naturi odom toe aan het strandonpe the run place 1st Om otot. Hon thomants of you are required refert mot of the sun dompet pouch the partit Dimens, be for samen te dege monty bear Coenoids the Big Dog Cho Wapr md l betragt Pre-oapartade Staatte Lido Dot Corto Mbot with Habita tas trocar Bets.ct the no Dop group o! I ran topraonts Hoopction, the Unicorn, Monochro Tuna suke Yopeda Letih, 94 aprel kat X the orporat'ı hesab for at tro Dopo u bort to boyz, Costa You behoer la tou modal canto ·* NO HANDBOOK OF TIJE BIAYENS from which the positions of an celestial objects are recto Along the zodiac beyond Arlei and Piscas Has Aquar the Water Carrier and pan bio towards the went, Capricorn the Goat. Capricornus folom Nter Sagittarius, the Arch and It disppears beneath the westem horizos on kutuma c talogs South of the zodiac k Cetus, the Whale lo tbb consic) top arco a variable star shine, named by Hevethn, Mira, 1 Wonderful. A crange SHotlog" stor afina lakes about months to change from second magnitude to sluh ond fina vanhihes from Dated-eye ught, reachio teath magnitude nearly a yar Ita variation chanm it from a star as bright Polarks to one Ipvlable to ibe unaided sye. Ar Cato come out of the southcu carly on auturon en ndos, Tauns, the Bull, role in the east and follow after zodiacal deighbor Arien Taunu bas many cultms to fame. the time of the Egyptiano It was the most important of the Froups Thoose the path of the sun, for the vernul equinox * josie there at the time The Bulls Eye Aldebanan, is one the 20 brightest star la tbc Bul, face ba btulc clutter brilliant man, the Hyada. On the Bull 1 shoulder is the famo group of the Plclades, often called the Seven Slates, com Uma the Seven Brothers Although it bas long been called u Seven Sixers there are only rur sans that can be reca ar glance whereas at least 250 can be recognized to the chri with telescope Sometimes Novetober balled the Plei. month because this group is to prominent la the castero el in the carly evening Most spectacwar group of the winter sumon Is Orton, Hooier Two frui-magnude stan Betelgeuse and Rig orate the constellation area and several of the second bright are included within ju boundarie. Three bright sun equal spaced in a straight row for the belt of the Hunter thr mort sepresent the sword and dve are prominent la ine ng of the c. Betelgeure in the nght shoulder Bellatrix in tl kett, Rigel the left foox and Suph in the right are easy recogaize. Two of the cars of the helt are ing doubles, a In be mord is in a mapoucent ncbul iho has in the sky whoulder is one of the largest known nd Rigel has about a greatest louloske brightness of any dar Since the belt of Orloo show the location of the cokesh equalcs Ortons bead and shoulder belong to the north heraphers, and his legs sad feet le south of the celer equator since all diurnal motion of the why through hours of the night also place parallel to the ccleulai cuuas It is well to know the location of Orioa bet li can You to the crt of the Bull and the Bir t1 ·4 Spring and Summet Skies The Long bone of the 12 mdical coordialog med ut on toont of a prompa. Lo schaped bead bindur tad tary to dently ok och bleta OTET other horns out the top of Apud May CITY Y locuits to hood the Great Dhyper la thu bod bolore the potatry stan to the opposite dirtellon the pole sur Down throat the bottom of the Dippet Laburpenny liox will led to the band of the ad on the other sour Keputas ta lite heart kald the city proop recetredoamne become the man bere be the early Egyptam nubed for the celor d that NBE At this temon the bloos comedorn Hake. Det of a lon va pitored to the man. The pe or the proep keputo ook of the one bors of the wo, but it ba ben this ont-teach u bright mokyo or star to the faint of the firs-onrada A. Because it soon of the 20 brightest son, proto pot , od ropeebly done to the cloth has been hoty potted and contrady acted for centuries Hiperb, la cotoparing the ex of his day who daru pot bendrost of years before betis bisou, acost! 13 perto other ton Eppeared to bene changed thetr bom. Nor the man, but the inmonork of referencer mathet e tibed. This med peecteloa bu and the watel oquloor aloog toe edipde to a bobo atero loro north of the 100 tl Leo por ! blue sccood opitude Deoghole, or her orta botulotos of the sky's res double, Gr. has th The remodet man ofte tb COD como ba cca scha Klescope. A harrer do O 4k woemary #me proper karton to do top COTDouts of Abba lot stood Lorus nel bosta por klo comopulous ar apot od charleenta meritede Gurun A Virpo suho i doubk with a lehtoritada Pos-000 unity ratlla Soda de The HsX ope wind na Aldo toto und Debola bato Vista mno opred na obe potutada 1 ·36 NIF İLANDBOOK OF THE JILAYIN Gemini one of the 12 ser groups along the ecliptica Aod Pollu arc much closer together than Sirius and Pro inice about 4 separate the first part but four times 1 distance separates the latter Of course, this to just the way they appear on the con sphere wben ken from the arth from come other plu their arrangement would seem different. Actually DK upon minions of mild He between the Twton, ind os nearly twice as far from us as the other Dacribing & relation to cach other in degrees to hit like daaring to place on a map Onc point upon the map may reploks Dountain 18 000 feet high pbtc another point upon tbati paper may represent ap ocean depth many miles below 1 level So a map of the sky represents the many as we see the and gives no indication of the fact that some may lo 10,1 umes us far away u others. Gemini could be called the Times Square of the sky s Ile the cost roads of the world it cntertaint all kinds visitors. On its way around the zodiac, cach month, the to puss through its boundaries Once cach year at the mer coluice the ran passes deur Eta Geminorum, and for begins in the northem hemosphere Shooting start each ve in December seem to radiate from Gemini Close belde E m 1781 Sir Willlam Herschel discovered a new world, d planet Uranus. Beide Delta Gemlaorum, in 1930 CG Torbaugh finally idenufied a tiny speck upoo the photography plate as the nloch planet in the una family-Pluto Dout sturs, variabic stars, clusters, oebulae can all bo focated with the boundaries of this congelation arca. No wonder then, that the nights of winter in the northa herabsphere offer great reward to the staragazer The brighte Han, the most spectacular constellations, the longest nightall these serve to male the cold season Ideal for observato of the wat

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·Far more spectacular than either of Its neighbors, Sout. 38 NIY HANDDOOK or THE HIFAYENS of the telescopic objects there that be called the repre "realm of the nebulae" The only first magnitude star la Virgo la Spku. A big an of great brilliance. Splea to w far away that it requires 192 yean to travel across the space that separa from the earth Stoce light travels 186,000 miles a sere triloo milos a year it is obviow that Spica must be bora than the son but unbelievably farther away It has a toy ible companion which was discovered while analyzbog is with a spectroscope. Cancer the Crab is the next zodiacal group of During the month to which the num appear to pass this section of the zodiacal band, the Crab h, of co javilble. It is loconspicuous most of the year for only fant sans compose the figure. À mitt! do the center of the constellation is called Pracsepe. It bare a cluster of thousands of ams o distant that only a night can they be seen with the naked eye with a telescope can they be separated, even at the edge of the Between Cancer and the horizon an be found a 1 pentagon of stars that picture the head of Hydra, the! serpent. The most extcristve constellation of the bott Hytra winds beneath Cancer Leo Virgo and Libra. A 120 ooc-third the way around the bearent, the spa serpent stretches. Yet over its whole leagth #bas but bright war 1 second-magnitude one in its heart. Cor Hrd tho Heart of Hydra, is properly called Alpha Hytterne another name La Alpbard. Soveral small constellation are uranged along the b of the serpent close to Alphard in fact tying directly tweco Alphard and Regulus, rests Sextans. A uwe far? to the cust Croter the Cup balances on the serpcot's $ south of Denebola ta tho Llops i sin farther toward til, close to Virso perches Comus, the Crow Corrus. the way is a convenient little group to know Il yoo want to locate the Southern Cross, just find Corvus, and is directly south of it. One can always and Corvo by start with the Great Dipper followiog the cune of the DIT handle south to the bright star Arcturus conunung on 2 the same distance to sparkas Spica and then south araut cqual distance to Corvus. Next group aboos the rodiac cast of Virgo Le Libra, Scales, once represcaled as a balance of justice. The consta tlon bs almost square of dumond between Scorplus glasses, while Beta is the only brisht seen sur to ibe heart ·Yun Rwn e Center is the sea pomp song Unix. On the liberopterested * * * * Whoop the anh lapsed kiude coming berret That is brett Barts the bokanta proto i to skentely The ade my do local w Fasule estashok su se mouth of it the corner of Post worth of Tucs with consial He haprabow you at om wale pe stat solckey De unde rette of Takt poslog so the mooth Se Fut In Austin khan pororoct of texnog group, Leo eus be me A tart men tror Varch to lun. Buxceeding it le carte estar al juty and Aage Arch on Hertuks tos by Drecut with of Corona as the autando mucul proop for the water TO PATRY I Capricorns about the southeru front tout late the loss of kitleser or the evento that company to observers to Derbera batuk bere be fomu bout croser's the wasth us the emty even ad hept above the prout Squart of ** w of the presence of an and she procha anter bara oper Beard tour tre for me out of tobak I Rey on the sprint out suoritet poups bave me kw rod ant out of uphi in the exact cacy orphelin Som to the putters of the us are ALDI ander of the puracy of in and out at the un re ked by the parent out of the sun round tu tom to und I thin ens celang of the sly kence the propitss of ene Ynt siteye year y at UIT lb Wib PATHS cho count, that curato bear Dreme KT to 1 motion. For thony that wi a depeodata is the set of the war with I keeps the most ww. the past of the day Cada colaboo proep the chats that brincaly cum brede som inne fough bach o may knot to me to borders of a Brigbe wen cooperatriety show to Dato: lac outies, but at the districx wt best bo tretint by HCL o syn bet man of the Yast * 3 e conxela on value to y be 106 # # We or pethapa trist of won or tanttar Soroc besparung in hand much bearer that the death 102 sex bo bobot ste star roup & booway star and sten to fall from cant fundsar soctran. ter put in front for the Robot og that Apext ko Rywne to wzy od for na we Otte et the other oben at the cost om Langone coat is stworba too leidt

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·1 1 W OF THI PUTHIUN HY botas al Abte Chula the now Colost dasht boki peat Hot bort to be thy Wha Er lord we the lot of the objecte a los kry te podemo do be wrich boprinod, db mid beter the descope to me the bolt How to o palmas to be expected that bros toplantott pattern thos, wood labd way under be the on mm. Bol modern astrocoment the sth Hennbets and so longer ropard these dart Det thered to reacrously to the Masy Way m la trobalty tory in at det douds of dus and idato cha nn that pod Be beyond them. Soot the dort pebut beneath the arm of the Cronb om te Hact loredanse Clood. Troader free of the southern stia beer Martin 17 Por otro bazy patches lite detached portions of the y Fry There to do the fole them the northern To, od lani opetabo reported them to porthern topla oog the carboshies state other hal al doc de Sion dan try bare always been outled the Orcados de Los Muelask Clouds. Also town Nobeda a for more labrada Koor dry are among the Art stehts rutchoc arbos toe other than TYGrutet dood bod 7 dare merity 14 the IRA O, toe Lotet pot rep4 dometer conth Arno Col Atoll moon Occanonady bright sy to alter toont to locate the smaller dood, ter then biri ope cabe landshest. Epobter o ese two dosta bow wowotom they are type o celotni obract the auto our Mitty T There are the seats and and one red nan and bite patur med en op, noble sen, suar dhunter bat, bet be completo any The Clood 5. Hoe med tamen od dort det hbors of the Ayo pabary hic or booke The Wall cloud to 4.000 hi duol the larri one about 75,000 Autor Who wou recata thu lopta md 186,000 to Adres 6 trikoo Moto Tu te thote tumbad won mon fur why Photography balap tabi on to them, od to tada perth .000 kg an The Jirik Condit m udupe und provat orslins punct that cosura mpyah the pa la Astronede ud other plus de Some 3000 atle stars bamba nitopatzod a te couts of them bich alla metroporn to tohunt teir dotace in Cloulonpert en od 30 dotdor ·1 5 Stars of the Southern Sky MOST OF THE ancient observen of the sky Ilved in the n ero hemisphere, to south of the equator the heavens reversed. The constellation of Orion depicts a man stan on his head the familiar Scorpion wives hb tail in the and cven tho Big Dog balances on his nose. Of course inversion of the constellations does not occur Jl at once they shift dowly overhead a one trivels on the surface of carth. Suppose a traveler leaves New York Chy for the south. he Journeys tomard Florida the stars in the mouth rhe hiç those in the north drop closer to that horizon If u were: erenlog in May be would have his Aint glimpse of the Sou crn Crow off the tip of Florida. By the time he reac Hanna he would find it well in view If he should co to cquator he would see the CTOS One-third of the way up sky and at Lake Titkaa Peru, hall way from hortzon tenith. Hb journey on through the southern hemisphere wa carry it higher and higher This same Southern Cross a guide to the south cele pole. Like the Great Bear in the north, It indicates the locat of the pole and therefore is often employed by navigat seeking to establish their place upon the carth In May Juoc li can be found early la the evening above the south horizon dearly outlined by four stan of almost equal b liancc. Alphe is at the foot of the figure nearest the o ka reddish star bright to the cye but faint on the blue-set five photographic plate Kappa is also a reddish star and L. that prean falnter on the photographie plate than in the s Surrounding happa, thougth, are over 100 Han lo a cluste From top to bottom tho Southern Cross, Crux, measu 6 Do taller than the distance between the pointers of t, Dipper It covers, to fact. 20 area about one hall that of bowl of the Dipper-bout of the shy But while on the Dipper's bon l only plne stanice weible there are wid the boundanes of the small costeDaton Cruz 32 stars and rach of the caled ge. 1 ·Font ut brett run und funt ona, bin und bloc 1 lan to deal oua retails Les chiestory moos colu, dart beat cocopheta urty The Clouds We a pod tunters and done not bon of the muy Way part which our book. To on dood a Aber Wecon itaath that ist do 166,000 - 10 tun.la o son fumy Photopty brag sno od tad 6 triton mda a nieuwe on wound boto, rod De Grote rert i m 30.000 both NOK tk Goods in order to the bod yraent Ialor price that was phyth dhe e 5 STALS OF THE SOUTHERN TY Southeast Abba Crves the reason Coolact bede het loota bite u peat Wat bole ta te thy hea Hat Harcod de Int of the deado Hority the Dorbert shife be with wooch kompreso, and will alled his water to the descope bort the bote 7 do luto autor i Amo be spread that his voor 1 sploring the futbeta an, woda bel tory boat In luna by toe w Bat modens stroncoen, die Te* nuo tx Herdecks uod do koper teped the dark that we attend to genero bo MBL Way a With Probably thay un pret bort doods of dust und - brorb the Hybt of her that and the beyond them. Sotur chet dhe dark mbreta bereath the ste of the Cross bo trhn the Black Magellant Cloud Two other entre of the southern ska bear Magellano Po they are two busty patcba lile ktected portion of the Wry Thore portatos to them to the northern Hinton Magettantopediation reported them to pordhera Apla oong the corlondes keen to the other hall of the Lorel Suct to the brain bo alled the truer Kad the Las Mapete Cloods. Also Wa Nobecula Prior and Nobccola Mipot they may on the right bichou word as the mouthern siel The Greater Clood o wbom? o dbamytes bearty 14 dosa part toll book, bu Lamt boered 4 to diameter cover o pot a large us Coat. A fell moon Occasionally brighten are thy mother kitele de ses to be the weather dood. uwen then the boat can be found that Pre of these two dood buss how then they ar theo thone Astro od oca bodaberries. Some 3000 table man bare bere tropiced the clouds, on tema tribe what the stroncon Det the beach Larr Chordland super pot nmd y plata ·46 NOT LANDLOOK OF THE LAVENS clumen have been recognized there. In the Greater Co Doradu, a super-plant variable, 500,000 times as bette the wp Some 180 000 000 miles in diameter ut, ac Potre Apes novac, intrinskally the bright and object com These too, Burrounding 30 Domdis, is the Great Lam Nebula the largest known gaseous nebula in the interx. After you have found the Southern Cross and picted the Clouds of Magetan the nat objects to attract attor are Alpha and Betr Centauri Fint and second brightest I la Centaurun, they are often called Guardians of the Crow you drow in imaginary line through Delle and Beach (along the crot-bar of Cruz) ut gurdes you to these ter Hant in Cotilautus. The constellation, whicb represent figure ball-mon and half horse a one of the largest la southern sky It nearly 45 in length almost all dbtance from the horizon to the zenith A particularly interesting and magnificent Awr # Ah Centur. Not only is Alpha minn the third brightesti la the heaven, but it is our nearest binary system. The a pouents of Alpha ( A and B) reupy 80 yeary for a revolu around cach othet More than thin Alpha happeas to multiple star composed of the binary and a third companion (C) The 1 tter Protime Centaun, ti white the telescope with magnitude about 10 S-and at the bed neighbor to the sun beng about 4 light years away though Pronms is over 1 way from Alpha and is com log B yet it a conn cicu gravitationally with the latter al and is moving through spule ne My parallel to it actually * cnormous cune around Alpha with a period prorel OTCT 300,00) year Another ohject in Cent uru for which the amateur trocomer al y look i Omy in) Centaun bary pz of light that is the brighteset the st tular fusters 1 cluster 18 northwest of Alpa (ot ur Kalme wohl field-glasses od ryen more he ul til milh the iclescope composed of some 500XX) in me te ih 10x) of hich! variable Brightat une f the 100 or so gloed Custo konnth ( III għtars first from the earth After I cu plante at the Illin nch with,. b truck with a Juleren n the cor citt nhguras pamet Althougb there are x me old i hk duhectad An, the Altar Columby, tbe Dur the UP the Peacock Volans, the Hyng Ish ndam Autre the Southern Cront there are many more mu n ng One Inds dock a Horologium Impas Furnace, Fomas sa Exxl, Picior a Trecere (che one un At ( นาม

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·Not far away onc can recogaize Triangulo Art northern hemisphere just as Corona Amin bad Norma the Level All these small cool There is one cxtremely long contesto ha hem hemisphere, Erldenus, the River It bertus per Albo very close to the celeslal -quator traces its body a from Orion to Cetus, pax Fomar to Phocal, ral Hydrut. The firtt magnitudo ttar Acherdar Att XC end of the River les about 15 from the Star XD Cloud and the northern end of this "Missouri de tear the great nebula in Onor Outicnou Encara thbs constellation is located na atraordinary tiful triplo star well worth examining with a large magnitude Har it one inces the course of Erido orcat globe of dust and murtounding area pinc constellations along ito boundaries Homes Ho Orion, Lepin, Cadum, aod Horologlurn to the com to the north and Cetin Forda, and Phocait to the # The Toukua houses the Lotkr Magellak Chod globular duster 47 Turcanic. Some 0000 start bother blend together to APICAT as a single star of fourth me Hydry encircles to other border of tbe Losser Ch Magellan Bets ecn Hydros and Dorado, the Sworld! the Greater Magellanic Cloud and the tiny mostd and Valen Mient, the Table Mountain, and Chat Crur De Apu ls south of Triangulum. Eut of the Scorpions al Corona Australls, Teleser celcgil pole. South of Capricomus tho Gout od the Vater Cartier He Pluch nostrins, Jadus, and Grus Acier to the south poke than Catus the found ** 13 NIT HINDROOK OF THE HEATEW often confused with the real Crosskas frequent False Cross, A line from the top of this free to and prolonged fire Une that distinct de te youth celestial pole but of tow and the Great Out! Lan A navigator would find hungell lur irda bi If he should sicer by the wrong cho Northwest of Chur die vel, but coast of O Centaurus is Circhaus, the Compare Akhe Cordato of the Corpses, whic Beta and Ganna art to Southern Triangle. This is counterpart to Tibetan duplicate of the Northern Croad The Southern Om near the tail of the Scorpion and Dol lor from Ano posed of second and third-macainude start Ara pod Pavo the Peacock Reticulum. Between Dorado and Carina can be found The nearer to the south celestial pote than Dorado orç Musca, tbe Fly Her beli sen the wruih celestial pada *s not far from the

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·16 NIT HANDBOOK OF THE HEATINS often confused with the real Cron, it b frequently and False Cross. A line from the top of this Ogore to the aod prolonged five times that distance doa not lodo fouth celestial pole but off toornd the Great Coud of lan, a navigator would find himself far from bb der If he should steer by the wtODE TORI. Northwest of Crux les Vell, but east of Crur hy Centaurus Is Circmus, the Compass. Alpba Circini b the of the Compass, while Beta and Gerome are the non Not far away one can recognize Triangulom Australe Southern Triangle. This is a counterpart to Thangudom by porthema hemisphere, just as Corona Australia is a foc duplicato of the Northern Crowd. The Southern Crow near the tail of the Scorpion and pot far from An the N and Norma, the Level All these small consellations are posed of second and third-magnitude stan. There is one atremely long constellation la the souther hembphere, Eridanu, the River It begins Dear Rigd bn Ork very dose to the celestial equator trucos Its wading cod from Orion to Cetus, pest Fordar to Phocol. and an Hydra. The first-magnitudo star Acherdar u the fourth end of the River les about 15 from the Small Magele Cloud, kod the northern cod of this Miskoppl of the is near the great debula in Orion. Omicron Eddani is a boy uful triplc star well worth amining antha telescope chh same constellation is located an atraordinary planda Debulo, a great globe of dust and on surrounding an clever magnituck star II one traces the course of Erideaus tecto nine constellations along its boundaries Hydrus to the cd Onon Lepus, Caelum, and Horologium to the cast, T to the north, and Cetus, Fordar, and Phoenix to the well The Touche bouscs ihe Lesser Blagellanic Cloud and rlobular cluster 47 Tucanae. Somo 0 000 san ba the chose blead together to appear us stople star of fourth magali Hydrus encircle the other border of the Lesser Cloud Mlipellan. Between Hydro and Dorado, the Swordfish the Greater Magellante Cloud and the tiny constellado Reticulum. Bets en Dondo and Carino can be found Pa and Valons Meon, the Table Mountain and Chamado lle pearer to the south celestial pole than Dorado or Carte Vusca, the Fly lives betacco the south celestial modo Cun, whoe Apus is south of Triangulum East of the Scorpion) tail Corona Austral, Telescopo Ars nod Piro the Peacock are not far from the soil celestial pole South of Copricornus, the Goat and Aquarte ibe Water Carrer le Piscis Austrian ladus, and Grund bunu. nearer to the south pole than Cetus

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·NIE JIANDBOOK OF Tiit JILAVINS the song hour-circle to the south of Arlo je Fordar Erh Horologlum and Hydra. In order too from Thorus W touth celcntial pole, are CaçlunDorado and part of a South of Gamint, bordering right ascension 404 lic Pt Canopus in Curina, sections of Pictor Volant, and Mai South of Cancer coa bo discovered Pyılı Ve 1 Chamaeleon Whita along the same hour-dicle with 1-1 Antlia, Vela, Carina and Chamacleon Beyond Virgo toward the south polo no encounter a taurus, Crux, Muxa and more of Chama icon. The bu drclo of 15120- through Libra also cuts Lupus, pero Norma Cucinus, Triangulum Australe and Apus. Da hour-circle through Scorplus can also be inaced an, aber the Southern Triaagle and Apus, while near-by another Sagittarlus then roas south through Corona Australi, TL scoplum, and Pavo. South of Capricorn on 2010 Microscophum, Indus, and a bit of Pavo whD. 2 hours south of Aquarters, are places Austrinus, Gro Tocant, pomo of Indur. A llno through Pisces pour south to Sculpt PhoenLx, and Tucana In reneral these meridians have been selected as a central as possible on the zodiacal groups and on the treni aro 2 houn apart. When one discovers that Crus les south of Virpi Greater Magellanic Cloud is in the same hour strde Taurus, and the Lost Cloud m the same right ascend with Picer It k casy to find the other neighboring croUTE Tamillar and friendly to the people of the south Cr Alpha and Beta Centauri, the Magellante Cloud, and ! rich war felds of the Milky Way are forelun ood fascinzo to the traveler from the north ·6 The Planets he wou me of these, tad tory Bored thout anong ke Mabo kate baterard et gick wat powers, let that try er der They uit die troo be bott wir fair oat. od toey der Aby ma wbte de un DATA *** We be den best they shoot Hy het tot ** vosotho sercat from its baitiraf 2. Earty waronoter knowny ladle sboot theta, and na wol Ceboleo wamed the talent on the la bat 9 beyan oleer Aher thal, bel very exits (the tatt of preces basses out every 100 yan} strogen begiak hot womber of stato tre two to the long ít a b ạt Say ut to os cadres, brochers and tren of the w motion that war in Bath they are not dom bons apped by anhty autente ll, like rectora domec mozod We LOTR me to comery sad wake Intele lon Tanahon py frodi Gout pat test test the position to Abwe * vould mala bora tart, for voor 1100 m oda bu ik dat of our A R 14 feet fra de to be thing is to mate wa of mutu to porodthird or part back on dimented there would be a probod toort than fort for the thought to topo da Her Sexy and then wat 90tro so po tot porka Vies So the more kose. Norbert was brou one that 14 ts why the contro W10 Trother och 1 togt Lipto the hot boy mada mere district of 93,000,000 to KL, bet lrp met 7911 poet Ya lopte fx the a the stat, of the tot plesident th TO ·5 NLD HANDDOOX ON THE HICAVINS Firure 11 THE SOLAR Sretty A plan few of the orbits of 7 pbinets Druwat kcale with coco Di Vico', trochuded, tbe dugtam dro an accurate le preston rektivo distances between the planetary orbite. The orbiu art at mean diata nety actually in one place Mato's orbik Deuren ro than Neptone system of Mercury Venus, Earth Mars, Jupiter 515 Úranu Neptune ond Pluto would have to be multiple huodredfold to make a body as big as the sun. And there we have roughly a picture of the plan, system os Inown today Nihough we have not include zodiacal light, comeu meteori, and watcultes. It is a parentes drawn from the outsids, of the planet as seen from the over thelr orbits, and consequendy a pkture *o can so from the carth For the observer here, with only has to help him there are ſtvo blaring points of light (and perten 2 sixth dlm one, it he dots where to look for it) One of these polnts of light is clusive That Is Mend which stays close to the sun like a child clinging to los mortal apron strings. Because you must look for two toon after ZEL, or before punrise, there was a lomous astronomer Care alcus, who never saw the planet in all hk Hfc Thera however the story of at least one amateur who has Miercury not once but 150 met. Its ail in Inowing how The planet is best scen 11 ANY ning star" in the spring and w. moming stars in the But there are six periods in cvert your when in fully placed for observation, these pothods occurring which

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·Vous can be seen for as much as 4 houn at a timc cal the celestial vaut, trading the sun in the evcoin and mo Sun 3 het apparaat In th soc way as Mercury She wider do 51 NCH HANDBOOK OF TIL HLAVINS Florare 12. PLANTTI 1 Miercury and Venns, the 111 forfor planets, so throat dmilar to those of the mood en boms 1-Interior coolantin 2 ADD 2 Gretet bring 3-Greatet wel de tloo (por and 4 --GTubous phix Sm Superior confonction fratert retende th 110o (erent Het For the planet Venus no exact rotation period, or day yet been uathfactorily determined, because of the lake nent nature of tho markings on cloud sorfaco. Rea spectroscoplc audies lodicato a period of a few weeks Vcous, howover the heat that poun dond on the embed ta les intense because of two factors its greater doba from the on, and its atmosphere which while it holds are dcal of warmth distributes it evenly around the planc. Venus and the earth might almost be called the twin of the solar yuero Tho orbit of Vents, which tbc pham travels in 225 Jayı, is ncarer to perfect circle than the any other planct, and that of the earth is not far behind thú respect. The two planets are approximatdy of the aize Venus having a Juameter of 7575 milcs and to al having one of 7918 miles, and they are closer together la tban any other major planctı. Nearners and heavy clouds around Venus account for tid appearance of the planet in the sky For Venus is not a bible with the exception of the sun and moon she ! brightest object normally seen Lo the heaves, and at ber outshines Siru, the brightest of the Han by 13 timer scal times afico there is no moon to lotericre she is bright corne to cast 1 shadow And not only k she fu more conspicuou than Me she is also visſblc for steater intervals of t me like the od planet Venus is often out of fight on the other skle of! sun but these periods of Invistodity are not dearly so quent as those of Niercury And, unlike the smaller plus म ·DHE ILAVET dicta eto to ury before the same time the county bours of xforts & pols of hoor os ha itaa Attento al 10 desetlett med spend you cao ke her trocha planta beton Vertory ud the moon tas ta tice nikita sabut, pausomy mature be won ascot pax become a that bize Veren litha dengarca, dotally tough do diah te od sind out more bea oth a mall section of f Worst wiki tekting lahat to doc earthIt's aplamand boy soon that be they are theo Yul Or, an oath omonte che of the sam, hxcha mcat the cost od Voraun ieklam hatice fry the earth mo 72 000 000 ks d m te che of Veo, 03 ot 4000 miles The Agura a the meters of the yoa tar o chesi SO AY button ben xu by car But box bea Data 55 Ocure because thee iry art mot stath boom the earth w LX Hm the dark udes of hacts e Prestined to us Thuc pse lest branco CANCY * T cruiscal inple bewere the presleu donganxa can Sered the prom dre better be anth and with a dot murder of the part with th y bc crit obcou o ber at the cake us * wa Isrtale diameter tu the full caus Trelo apim to w All plasses doper Venon be crescent house for he wurf to man wu tua hoi et tera pe ooibo ha (la mones that thought of wateur astronom Mmil Sutk pes ou m te ble detect spott for such a strutal but can be wort w for Toch ut, e Motosc wirtue of the plan proper but Hec bouti waii HUTTouch Vent 7 W W pernux Tutto 736 to roobecause of hey 4 2 throueh ose Yoxca U 120 mm WAT & kini andoubtetty H. proof of urb the and dedi (Dut 1 UVTM be the ox oxury tacats Da te wricat o poznatog tay fit pla dete pranisl k ob muhi of me. sy or Tak mu teh ur 1 ·4 H bome for uſe on one of the planets a concert NIV HANDBOOK OF THE HEAVENS steaming awamp a characterized the earth s arly are not know Absence of permanent marknp prevent knowing Venus s rotation period. Indications are that is a few carth wechs long. Man be an excellent subject for mall telescopes Ilman Ju famous reddish color to the naked cyo (a color persists on its surface whica viewed with large toute and under a mall telescope it oflens opportunities to the detail. Even so umall un instrument malor 5-inch tobom will do uoder the right "celog" conditions Under a telescopic magolication of 200 to 350 degree proyth or greenish markings stand out against the modell background. At less than 300 diameters the polar cops and zo too does the dark wedeo of Syrtis Majorettore toward the north Other dark areas can be picked up and a telescopic power increases (try it tornetime wid 10 12 Inch reflector) the number of features youble boor Marttaa conditions and surface details. Man hal, al com There are several reasons why we know so much oben Jode been a rublect of great popular interest, baut trasy hoor facu would stil be a mystery were it not for the most clarlty of the planet's atmosphere Sight clouds better dust or some other composition appear only in frequentang and the Martian air is to creatpurent u to permit e tool opportunities for atudy of surface detall. Then, too when the planet is in opposition—then they carth and Man are in a hrajght ine--it comes with 34 000 000 mlies, than any other major planet cicepto At umas Mars may be observed poing through a slight pilte phase although it dever coot so far u to become acro or even as to enter the hall moon phase. Murs duters greatly from the careh in sizo, havior andere cier of only 4216 miles. In almost every other polat, hots the compares favorably and a result has becoon mand w this suspicion of life on Mars occasardy to c world of science, for many reputable astronom majority of them belleve that there but on the planet. And the attence of vegetamod coodrions which might posalbiy support some fc. of life on Mars probably got its start * Schiaparell observed strange Had termed the qual, which lle ·d riper THE VLANTS a wody nothing *hich had bura and be beles land det tal od rok to * they na torced by o ward suct blog to do a lot te dore from the poles the device od rond of the mak diable for mob. *on o wes dade the cutte le on Futtet deropes more settle the question about burre los do dough bonents Do report that Tko kdom hen the coas tora bortreta a on dark bruno bother Menebale, there ar the sono fact tha spre to the a tocant op Ver TW Dosphere con una compen und hich tun to me ud quentru tmely as totangon and I Det moucha nater vtpar unload the amoybere of the earth The equatorial operat ob pot support di #loumd op te be for us to the all of the plant o aclmed be extpor at seta rally te with rigle as that of the 2 buch contuned with onlaray herecen the othnual thens and conduwth of the two planet would rear o Why approuanar tonn There who are that a boy * roych rh Dusure the la OAV02 gars Mace the sofise and the place day in chy do the sta in 1 sales 0 ts 4 tab The pleact pow cops an in she with the moon toa, a opi bubnormized with color than the por A STL or though in some wronomers to be quot wm the conteports of best pular caps koda (o carbon but of our wer Beau Dom word the edge of the top TAM Aan hon the rocht day du trate do carroo dond, both macchii Toc Nikon Van buite ninu HOWDE Iromo + any moory volat { KTU untuk Anh tre + Anh Rif it CS en los im? The Hohe pled voh my be the No her he than 10 od But Probox te pomoc, rues thartt lapt road + Purt uh FM tout ett trec la ach + In the the sun tung oder A o apo te donat Dermor obxtret so was would ·ings on the surface and taimed them and which in lurouage mesot channels lic wis miúdicopried, though $6 NEW HANDBOOK OF TIL HEAVEN steaming twamp ou characterized the earth 1 carty at not know Absence of permanent marklog putter kaowing Venus's rotation period. Indications are that ha few carth-weel long. Mon in an excellent publect for small telescopes It porn its famous redduh color to the naked cyo (n color of penalta on its surface when viewed with large bostra and under a small telescope it offer opportunities to the details. Even so umall an instrument u 14 or 5-inch teel will do under the right ceciog" conditions Under e telescopic magnification of 200 to 350 do graysh or greenbh markings aand om against the redd background. At less than 300 diameters the polar apa and so too door the dark wedge of Syntes Major etter toward the porth Other dark area cun bo pleied up and us telescopic power increases (try it sometimo to 12-inch rclector) the number of features viable increas There are several stasons why we knop wo much about Martian condition and surface details Mars has, of to long been a subject of great popular Interest, bot many hom facts would til be a mystery were It not for the amar clarity of the planets utmosphere. Slight cloudsbecher dust or some other composition appear only infreguen and the Martian att ha so transparent us to permit carda opportunities for study of vurface detal Then too when the planet is in opposition bca 16cm carth and Man art la a straight line-t comes Deere 34 000 000 miles, than any other major planet excepte lo At umar Mans may be observed going through Hight phase although it never goes ko fur u to become cry or even as to enter the half moon phase Murs duters preally from the earth in alle having eter of only 4210 mile. In almost every other point, hout xbe compares (tvonably end u result has become favorite homo for life on one of the planets us conceive the popular mind. Nor does this auspicion of life oo Mars peceturlly real outside the world of science for many reputable astron.com possibly a majority of tbembelieve that there is at plant life on the planet, And the caktence of vegetation supposes conditions which might possibly busport some u The question of flc on any probably go to wtart of animal nic. the lines became loon #can ·THE TAXITS This tettet atas berepe la at the background o the body typ oat ta bs Urge shcopes. The radar being a black toch is hitty ay but this tots te dood tractor to Noort DJ AR tag toe ape u toe been the trai One sura) The Rs tot require a anbhat therope, ber the statur troka on the planet Huby Tuttosto di u Hapa Beçse the bar bu tay sen to exre bartaratay af ww. petups og toe in store o obcipit total od k toe met look Roos of lopine bem ut ordets stalatut of tat molt tra. Nor w moto may naked to resto de tow of bet otrodo o bebiad the planet. Yet ad bona o perod (bacaroo pay there for yourself and then at wala na primera) anda bisa Scone path were You to los seres soned the primary to the 'Othat fornite mood the automon krnt seront to pode at retrapoda drocoon, non * to wash This bus To do tapete they wohl pot be respon del climate od befort se crimesbots of ter's greater too cut siste ha descope werdly beter we botter than the ocent is worth doch der Gesymoede kod Cool lapto's traks, 'n beper then the papet lieber Ther's mother preto sa prop bat as stand der objected tooth lspte ry duka lume med tea of Doce, the other world Serot op de wereld on the court actress Low on pronti a my toe ring poled to Attorn la dos gamete a But wespe, day seryetor do Tent to the beasy crm toob o be expecund. Como an of twy porkets, doma po e poded 1994 7000 sa tom tom planets autor on 1.500 cola hide from base to outer edge, and by Por och try without a lot peper teat on ta 10 odsto TOP tant comes to be doneppear Jadaon. Al och dos do mme poly mohl portaluronen Bobo redhe places the Al other fund te trop my son wood upard term 1x toy me dy acimed ou Edle of tead the planet'te od lebs the puse of patre. As Setzan Dorts most in theat De angitt patet frems bort, beder o alpos ·It better to watch one of the m10711 throw iu shadoo S8 NIT ILANDBOOK OF THE HEAINS se both of the satellites racing each other across the s with respect to the stars beyond. Mars, however is not unique in its act of moons. Jor canla with it a retinuo of it atellitar, four of bieb casuy visible in small telescopes To look at Jopiter nad satellito system ko must let our guze pander for beyond orbit of Xian and over the agerold zone. The 41% fet dhata between the two In the diagram we planned at the beplan of the chapter (ilg. 11) w based on a scale in which ca foot represented 93 000 000 miles. Jupiter despite this STC distance, wually seems brighter than the red planet hec Hb so much bigger and because it reflects nearly three ti mucb u Mars does of the sunlight it recches. Jupiter is the largest of tho plantels and curious astronom have timed its speed of rotation upon its axle at 9 houna 35 minute. As a result of the speed, there is a buse bulge tho cquator no great that the diameter of the planet ta through the cquator is 88 698 miles, or nearly 4000 mb more than from pole to pole A pair of binoculari or field-clases show u thy disc magnification of 18 Umes will do very well, but is even mor thua is needed With a larger instrument, Jupiler resolver a series of red yellow tan and brown shadings, us wel a wealth of other telescopic detail Exceptionally good "recios" is not necessary to get a ck View of Jupiter i surface marlba, and frequently a wig haze or imobineus in the air will belp to Hendy the image. T! cloud belts, for which the planet is famons, will appear in de powered telescopes u parald bands stretching acros disc. And another ſalure that the amateur wor mar able to obrerre is the "Great Red Spot Rhich was identit on drawings made of the surface in 1859 and has dibappear and reappeared durlog fucceeding yean. A moring of p haps similar pature, discovered auty to the inentieth centu ind known as the South Tropical Disturbance may al observed But it ba la its moons that Jopher contains the greatest to scople treasure for the amateur The four that are visible n merry race with cach other around the planet and chan their respective positions from hour to hour and night to ni They urenr hard to identify with an ephemert, and they ali he followed for houn us they speed in front of Jupiter der ing their shadows on the planet vanlih behind he giant of pluogo soddsaly, bato is deep abadow Dinoculan locate bera It Outulde the disc. la troal of 1 Jupiter than to match the moon itselt

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·NET LANDBOOK OF NII JILAVINS according to the planet o position with respect to the They reflect so much light that when they present their be at aspect to the carth Saturn in the sky seeuns three t brighter than when the riog oto edgewiso. And when are cdgewix (which occun cvery 15 yean) they are lost la small telescopes nearly so for the very largest A medhura-zed Instrument ahom the divisions of the clearly The first one to resolve itself is the dark a division, which divides the systems in two and is not har detect with a wall telescope. On the outer of the two this formed we may be able to pkt up the faint cray E division and the word may be used advisedly for Eocke strip bs chuire and not always visible. On the rog there b a gradul sbading od on the edgo neat the pla I shuding which malus into the misty gray border of crepe" nine Thos forsy curtain on ihe laside of the tutem is comparatively transparent, and tbe shape of planet can often bo ken through it. Tho Hans, too beau The inuous nature of the crepe rlog. can be observed sht through it on occasion Saturn throw a shadow xross its surrounding belt, au black shape that outlines one rim of the planet and the in turn throw a soft, Beatly bordered band upon the pla The latter thadow falls upon cloud nurfaces similar to th of Jupiter cloud surface that are belted fast as those of larger planet But few details concerning them can be unlet unixual observing drumsunces preval. Every often a spot-probably related in bature to the Red Spor Jupiter-appear, but done with the permanence of Juphu marking has yet been observed. The most recept ope will white spot whilch appeared in 1933 Where Jupiter wblris opon its aris to blt under 10 hoy Saturn requires 10 hours and 14 minutes. Bat Saturn oblate than Jupiter has to equatorial bulge of 7900 mbles be the secood largest member of the suo planetary for with an equatorial diameter of 75 100 miles In addition to her rops, Saturn hu nine atelitos apd Jupiter has two larger than Mercury to hos Saturn Appropriately enough it is named Titan ft Is Dearly as by As the planet Man. But most of Saturn's moons are the tuputely not easy to obterve with small instruments, and to would be the observer who could pick up any other Titan bo 13-inch glass. Were he equipped with a 4-Inch xcope however be might be more fortunate Taking atd are to distinguish them from the stars he should be able Identify Titan Iapetus, Rhea Tethy one (nuncd the order of observational possil of ·1 1 THE XES America Ephe tor the recotrou data pery to ty the ho lwng from the same plus ad vodotty does pact thabout the bence bets art, after completos Allertal moord te , bet to continue lor 13 pleton Sabirab the fire uppert (FOT SA podoo) treat befort. 16 Sata la fue ostent, Haar te ma al Urut Nature, od Ploton the thitt beco scored a lineation of the telescope. Ta bort ac na bicorted by Aram Hambula 1711 e at lo by calcul Thn Antropomet m muling . de o toe to be be poticed on that it ed to restos plan. That is the planet Urmota, wbkh bout 3L000 miles fronter and one rerne 141.000.000 herry treo the won kom ba pleted up teden obrot by people pitted with good mesightand Aac Loomed bt to look for it. At sa tima Appart s. dubnapoktade atleet Ho 13-och takich magyar Iroa 400 500 pemDerded belona Urran abom sy opprerable od theo ppaan tary pieca obfeur vita um Odl baxt No pain map bare beta hcovered the worlac, bet cancer and dood biode can be arred the boys went The planet het well, all wiry taint And beyond the Dan be the busest tuletopel. And oncor, los or perhe cou by cottot what location the plant tod They preth wool the war So, bo with Neptune, though be the lak of the object b mert tport the place tored 336 by Admin tod Lorerler sortint indepeodepty on todes akuations, and to art about about 1,000,- png sother out the Unman uran be weath auch descope and to paytag porer of 19 kotor y la 30.000 mila o tezrocter de mox become a dac we tiope of 9 12 letras partest a bright to be of the debto marattade, od the trke ope hors lalo preendab a los de mi gubit office for Mors, but drpcon oten or woudladet bleacuptat-o locked Ath be lovord for Itt at the who becado Dourly 14 ett br of the sex. The post sound b the ephema. u plotid om te wed the corresponde oblece Jody tout morts de plage ind Doll Hlaptopt od Ureo ban kared for from the auth A Plato state as met A Por todos Unke ork Hoy corth Amrit to the bottest punct us ·Apparent path of the planet น NET HANDBOOK OF THIC JITAITNS Retrograde Lotion of larg Figure 13 MAN U Rin When the planets are la poutre ---- Jlan appean to be mortos mully as ren from the earth. mally bore the marth pa Man and the red planet more mon lionly as a reti podtlon 2 H apparently surul Enland more backward, amming A Har indo motion. It continua position, where the relathet a those of the two planeta bat changed again it one mort Rama H normal forward mob 32 (Searth 1 far u known. It tala 248 years for single trip uround! run and twice in each revolution, It crosses the orbit plan! Neptuno. Its orbit, most eccentric in the system farther froma circle than that of any of the other major planeta. Muto discovered in 1930 n the rault ol years of search begun! Percival Lowell and finished by workers in the Flagstad a ervatory ho had founded for planetary research. At time it was in the constellation of Gemini, but it has a moved over Into adjacent Cancer where it will be when read this (unless you are a bit late) for it remains about yean within the borders of coch star group Needless to s It is completely beyond the range of umal telescopes eveo tare the power of a 15-inchi refractor The giant planets (Juplter Saturn Urdu Neptunc). almilar to ach other but diler widely from the earth Vcd and Man. Their atmospheres consist of great layers of norious maser, arpmonla and methane Below this is mento thickness of hydrogen underneath which itu layer of miles of kee and at the center the dense rocky com The ammonla la la minute crystals and the methanc faxcod The cold is inconceivable turfaco temperatures are about --200 F on Jupiter to --300 on Neptune Condulons le any kind of life on these dark cold distant and forbidi worlds pould appear impossible. There is a naked eye observation whicts, it made mo dentally and without belorehand, Inowledge of what is ta pening. is likely to sead any amateur scurtying to the libra for an explanation It may be made for any one of 1 plancts focluding Mercury and enun bich are webles they present this phenomenon, and I copsisu quite um

·5346 PANIT
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·62 NA HANTBOOK OF THE HEAVINS the planet Retrograd: Uotion of 14 Flour 13 Mars e Rotor When the planets are to pado Ilans appen to be work mally us ata from the arth.co thyhorter the earth pul Man and the red planet fendi more mon sortu Asar position 2 Lupparently um Enlarge mot bachmud, ming a mea Min made motton It contados a posttion 6, where the relaties tons of the two planets and changed in, it once poort 1 Earth ruma iu pormal formard moa und zurnar 1321 far 41 Koont. It takes 248 years for a single trip around! sun, and twice in each revolution, It crosses the orbit plant Yeptune. Its orbit, most eccentric to the system, is farther from circle than that of any of the other mayor plastti. Pelo discovered in 1930 v the result of years of search begun Percival Lowell and finished by workers in the Flagstaid servatory be had founded for planetary research. Aro tune it was in the constellation of Gemini, but it has ad moved over lato adjacent Cancer where it to be when you read this (unless you are a bit late) for it remain about yean within the borders of each star froup Needless to It is completely beyond the range of imali telescopo even wards the power of a 15-och refractor The giant planets (Jupiter Saturn, Uroous, Neptune) umllar to each other but differ widely from the earth, Va und Mars Their atmospheres consist of prent layers of poklous pares, ammonta and methane. Belor thesis and mense thickness of brydrogen, undernath which bat layer of miles of ice, and at the center the dense rocky or The ammonta a minute crystals and the methane gaseoc The cold is conceivable surface temperatures are aba --200 F on Jupiter to --300 on Neptune Conditions any kind of life on these dark, cold, dastunt, and fosbe worlds would appear possible. There is a nated-eye observation bict, # made dentally and without beforthand Isonledge of #hat is be penhag bs likely to send any amateur surrying to the litera for an explanation It may be made for any one of 1 pepett, including Mercury and lear, which uro visible they present the phenomenon, and 4 coduits qulid van

·.
THE PLANET
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·7 The Moon THE NOOV k one of the most fascinatus of celestially and almot invanahh the otkut oftmat ATUMS 15 fupeUSET On account of nenes and sore we see the with the oled ee and with small crtical power ranog ancalth of detail on the surface. It can be obedden... alls with various types of cleopat and cam ras and often ud at on the imagraphy of the surface henter di me know some parts of the corth The pbares the mown are to ohlw a phen menon they are noticed by anyone seeing the moon at may dme T cute of phase i can to uderstand The main a nea Thencal body and I half-lighted to the nn. As it arda1 carth varying amounts of the lighted half face the cra Except at full-mon time, only a part of the laran spberoid is vattle to terrestrials-hence the ctect of The At umas of non moon, the mone heracen min fun, and at an eclipse of the sun, etacth so with the ma disu Alhouetted açamst the sum At any other nem mona1 that produing a rains, the man pie hy be ather north of south of the latter and the tunlicht Talk! the side of the moon an ay from the carth heart the inbible fr this rcano as well as being on core ha Hinding flare of the sum. In day or two aftenem! see a narrow Tent in the woh aftet runt, f the bu lehe know herkishied If the run, junt as a tenn halk away from us and pearls in line tha Kury of time Tighied un from hehnd and athy the same cremena: nou the rart of the hall is there, men ti thi uhrminata During the lunar math the main travel s party the celerial sphere. Binning with no mazit talan tra wocesantis more and more such that the correction alne from the mowa to the earth 2 a 1 ne in the ize em sua risbo male. Thih #ch Sri qusrm my Irurth of the entire spierend being ble (or hell or the dist it is thea in quadrature aith the wen. o ing) ir tt kingitus Satin more than half of the disenten pasem arry at ful mandat hy turn ·HOY has a betted to. Then we kortude of the song in rime des pistes the mona directly co the route o the eart bom te sitio & who called ofnodion, de tone te toca toate. Ale for poon por un repared to the order the He becomes poor robuste pod worthy belove Dutin atverot an be seen on the curta forma noch. The art of the poco de torxe dapod e br ber booe The more at the tall soros b about days recent Trously to be found at e mbetet en laatty bo te dayat sy before al port bordt ob After schon beren tracted before ac* de conden toe ry vet at the Ro. Achensky befort surse For a word netoiss the yurtsbh lose between Denned portion or moment and the past by Hoe bentro at doon sa sarok, the honor hot complete and wound the moon, Cortespondios the code of baton as aarth, but the part oo pour le of the moon ha story levele wo . Gast peakbed you on the terminator suy the betwoch and it on you mood be borbene somrae on the moon, y you were on that action (bich b reea crom the 7) batu cea fald woon dore you would be experience hart Pe toca ha doo se bo to people of the plans on las me shpbe, for beint, # benefin La bades, che cosa * p potemd. IA Wybiades the moon te tot thamalastes ne dart sky destory to one polar night when this for ele again, the cromotion of Os the best for the mentor at the mooth. OX de soportance of the lunar det Kotida, uud toon mosdy rapoosible for them. Thema poenotopica stpuler send mo the sam remonty a dry Walk the earth room, the a po pudeneath the mood tom priatet sttraction bodechy tune the water kral shipptog would dodat the Duci the 200 er maniere for rennel would mabile tookt olart meny barbort, to the corner par trade would be told boeken Dar Dhoom bande de particolarty we bouclestopke Buy Coori of loco the anhados of Bosphere put on the moon petreat i en of ks e soor ook denty pod telas suarly skispod bo Dur acope and platypiph. To be wit, nt me motra Sten inn bertan best ax sata di out rietde span in -- ·66 NET HANDBOOK OP THE HEAVEN observation yet that face presenta a superb array of Graphic feature to delight the gr. One ndo bas not looled much at the moon tih atda bas no idea of the magnificent yet to bo encountered Locsperienced Observer of lumbar landscape repeatedra something new that is, landscapes under new lights or me Lion Aside from the purely astronomical sights, there are * phenomena obreriable when the moon near the borwn that are caused by refraction directs of the arth = amoqda and the origin of which has nothing to do with the mu Under certain conditions, various retracudo cffects disa the mooa's Image Into almost umbellevable shape. The a moncst cicct is for the otherwise circular disc to become! dattooed it bs almost pumpkintike Nor does distortion here occasionally the edges become sorted or sorte cven usumo a step-like appearance an efect almost b scribable The bay or indentations "march along the moon disc moving percepibly even during brief observation, a often end with part of the disse being separated enun from the rest. Such cflects are the retult of varying density thlck occan of air on the earths surface, with concom changes in refraction low over the horizon. Any and all magnification may be used on the toca Even an opera glass will show the large stay plalon, ap! field-plass, some of the smaller featura. But with bigh-pond binoculan, magnifyios 10 to 20 diameters, hundreds of Kecte can be identified, although they are till amall, T smallen object that he have been able to distinguish 18X binoculan is the mountain ringed plain Lalando ma in diameter) which means that hundreds of objects iho luant surface are visible with low magnification. But to do funico to our Latelluc, we should use a texty A 3- or 4-inch refactor opens up u vast Icld, mobile rectal of 6 incha aperturt and about wil rocal marvelou del Lor powers aro needed when we wish to include the ad dbac for general examination For more detaued work puti highet magnification 60.10 100 diameters te voy factory for examination of mountain range, chains of a like formations, and topographic Setaus of rotetmeduled bilo ponent of 200 to 600 llocar duameters are used clotc-ups and details of the moon's smaller features, such criters, peaks and rille On the moon, all living organharms Kedung Au for breath would bnd It utterly impossible to crkt for den a few miatt les they were equipped with special 03) SED or do As far as me can detect, the mood salaperbert Lane ·DI HOON Beachtet we ca preto by strane to bodies of What Then Hoge We Th mound the moon * Ito acipe of the fire. That it conta dress also be. The pooh's Hind Kunds out tabere ate dit, hicte ook not be sous Dapoert het Ocenkalommar by the more thor pcbon disapperroa reappeace of the Riline pe che also codd sot to wert moshat to what the trage pouy de the Hamb. 22 dhe do the ty mult am be. nigu aty esetape the end de acontos tushibbe right op dy And xc cold we the lurpes anterolds, the meat 'n she way or Decal listi, las marca brightly ole, modered the propbeden od corpus a the There by Doctor of dog, brt, koks, donde od kopo slod. do petcor no goron, do rinbow Spin, oc gay bead a land do eilight and dawa. Looking for the wordt ook trocher periodo betoormoos komparatie pre ma about 213 F bere 1 out the zetuth, w stort 240 below tea dorlog che lusty thens at Du mies on co the goo, ho cana delect obtha sofected do them. And there na pod bro wlad of the monia on the marlock Alterther terty devono place, the blood som Do recognizable of button Catho I wa, who are oberted a moon la 1610 with Hacope, ud te stelste bat bed the wintion of telo un tret N O be try noon student. Heret pabrisbad , chart of the whole wortion. This chart was back cox 6x 100 yurs, Lod Harelos no Wety responsible Day of the amo ab ta. Riado por head bet ky 1851 pixtoy muy of the winter that those of phalaroplas od wit of the dry x 200 a Ruccoli oma for pear tortsions est el Sauce la tipos, Dany other bure to wird, since obyerty of the moon in the pray platos, or Wra, the war bouto noma, pole sider, hus, be ratonled pluss or endorra (acharbo) mumy Dem dembly small plant the moonbittoped plats Copernicus) the aun ten atteriet od pits th, k, lyn wyd was features, tad tas born Tbx lopott lan berpent as east the other, od DC Lo the conteste On the mean the lurphy In Den the cores y es correspond pera por lo Oct. o pestop the woiteau boulocult to make good wzlogy trasy to roll shy to undents called than *.***, Maresme Pop ·66 NIY HANDBOOK OF THE HEAVEN observation yet that face presents a superb umiy oli graphic features to delight the sye. One wbo hu not looked much at the moon with telah has no ides of the magnificent vien to be encountered E OD aperienced obtive of lunar landscape repeatedy something di-that is, landscapes under new lighu or ULOTLL Aside from the purely astronomical sights, there at phonorocna, observable when the moon is near the ho that are caused by refraction elects of the earth u atmosph and the origin of which has nothing to do with the Under certain conditions various reinction effects on the mooo) image Into almost unbelievable shapes. The modest alect b for the otherwise circolar dbc to become Nattend it is almost pumpkin-like Nor coca distortion here occasionally the edges become strated or taw-like, even a une a Hepiko appearance, ad effect almou scribable The bayı or indentations march" along the mon dite moving perceptibly even durtog briel observation, orten end with a part of the disc being separated enth from the rest. Such clects are the result of varying density a thick ocean of air on the earth's surface, with concom changes in refraction low over the horizon. Any and al) magnifications may be used on the mou Even an open plass will show the large gray plains, and field-tlass, pomno of the smaller featuret. But with highpod binoculan, magnifying 10 10 20 diameter, hundreds of jects can be benuted although they are all mall 71 mallest oblect ibet we have beco able to obilngulsh 18X binoculars b the mountam ringed plain Lalande mia in diameter) which means that hundreds of objects tho lunar surface are vinblo vith low magnifatlon But to do juilco 10 our satelle we should use . Idescrgo A 3. or 4-pch refractor opens up vi Neld white rolite of 6 inchcoperture and abovo will reveal marvelous deur Low powan are needed when we wob to include the cot dbc for geperal camionton For more detail work, pot. higher magolfikooko 60 to 100 d m ter are very dd factory for cuspidation of mountain I nyes chains of crowd Hke formations, and topographic det of intermediate os Whitlo ponent of 200 to 600 linear dwmien are used M close-ups and details of the moon mall teatures toxca1 cater, peaks and will On tho moon, all living organisms needing ou for breathe soud find it utterly imposible to cut for cyen a few minuto unless they were equipped with special Olygen of hur As far u t cao detect the moon's Amyiphere is ·THE HOOK betertere the sport by stocrates the absence of pastat. Toate acest alls kroood k wsco tot die tipe of the ne. Toate ut w donds bares e The Mole', ob grada out y the center of the foss, blould potem border aktet Ocotcoda duan be the song to COD dan pence or reppermost of the seller pke Denet, ich ho cordd mot be sent onceptere to taste the map dostly best to Sumbe. 160, and the powty sedachtble right op adpe And our cold see the per agteronth, the te byncrat poduct itt, far por triboty th, and than the protesca mod cores of the There will be po ocean of horse, hal, tante, cloud, And boy- wiod. so mere do wn, to rainbow x mery pred naman mo right sod dawn. sterling Crom the one of her mother photo BOCKOR beperature rappe troc about 215 F het o e de cath, to sbock 41* boor zero dutos Lounge Lay that he water babes on the moon Modo detect salight reiected on them. And there We Do wind or art create on the worlact. Allopether etterty derine place, the moon hours so fotosovabili of tabtado Cho * *21, Art obecned the pooo bo 1620 plexope, and the mos har bed the attentico o telo petencer Ace Of the ty poon mockuts. Heredit pobet dart of the whole partice. This court wu Thanks for 100 yed, od Hetties valley raportare 1 Bady of the sea of the partea lature Riccioll posto head noder mapa 1651 stplace many of the earlier per le dose of polowopten od releasts of the day ha 200 of Radio tamo lo luna formations at the al Soch torpe way that have been added pa bags risan obyerns of the moon otibo pay piam, ar has war moto mp, puth High, bulbs, the stalled plus « donin (born that mossy fara efectua unes pium, the womalo raped platna Copenku) the retrage cuter at mad out; trásen und mal tatum, ad the best tips e portata at Lot earth the ocean, and en lume de control Do the moon the tarp my a faca so too socio un correspood ficha o rectam, at patuba Coutineau adunat bota Food wlog Isaure by the excess called the kx they can bahan who was bomo ·NET HANDBOOK OF THE HLAVENS observation yet that face presents a superb umy of graphic fcatures to delight the cje one who has not looked mich at the moon with a tak bu no idea of the magnificent vient to be encountered E an cxperienced observer of lunar landscapes repeatedly tomcthing new that is, landscapes under de lights ar ton. Aslde from tho purely Astronomical sophis, there at * phenomena, observable when the moon is near the here that are caused by refraction cliect of the earth's atmosph and the origin of which has nothing to do with the main Under certain conditions, various refraction effect is the moon's Image loto almost ubellevable sbares. The a monest clcct h for the otherwise circular dbc to become Anttcard it be almost pumpkin-ke Nor dos distortion here occasionally the edges become serated or farlic even assumo a step-lite appearance an elect alaost by kribable. The ban or Indentation march along the mood Jisc moving perceptibig sven during brief observation ! often end with a part of the disc being separated on the from the rest Such clicct are the repult of varying density a thick actan of air on the earth s Rurface, with concom changes in refraction low over the horizon. Any and all magnifications may be used on the top Even an opera gloss will show the large pray plalna, tad feld-plar, some of the amaller features. But with highyan binocular mamifying 10 60 20 dbameteta hundreds of lects can be idenilied, although they are un small T imallest object that we have been able to distinguish 18X blooculan ba tho mountain ringed plalo Lalando muas in diameter) which means that hundreds of obferti the tubur purface aro virible with low magnification But to do justice to our satelliic, we should use a teleserye A 3- or 4-lacta refractor opens up A vast Deld, while reken of 6 Inches aperture and abovo reveal marvelou dat Low postri Avo Oceded when we wish to iaclude disc for stueral examination. For more detailed work, pet! Alghet magolication 60 to 100 diameters are very factory for cxargination of mountata ranets chains of arth liko formations, and toporraphie details or mtermediate a Whic ponen of 200 to 600 linear duartxcters are used to dose-ups and duails of the moon's smallct features, such crater, peaks, and rilis On the moon, all living organisms needing op for breath would find it uiterly imposible to cut for men alcw mlade unless they were equipped with special ovocn of us to As far as ne cez deiect, the moon Atmosphere 3 ·THE KOOTY at We a prort by Obranded the ancoce of best That Do ta otibt sible on the mood w of palis. Thent une po doods od bath th. The stud's lub cotton w the paint on the dese, bide mould not be a Ha pptesy str. Orobatioot den by the moon tow da der er or threrence of the car barat ne bih o dd bewer Kathrob the map adually worth lima.b. De noon, shy would try beaphat they recepe before, we do not homoy steesityshiible nettop p. And or conta mee the loper esterakts, she mat ky Wizy te bytalous modech a lar mora brightly oa erth, wad mren so poniotaces and corona of the me Tout vould be more at dett, lett, mort, donde Lwfor-ownl, o prizor do moron, so rabo.bou pio, arbory w wo mite od same Andlitbyg from the bence of sy mother phenomeno be export ag freas about zis F bere Palmer the testsch to about 2404 bedny zero durior hat. Litehy there wont bodia on the top. mooi detect rakott redected on thean. And there Adboda with condo on the purtat. Alopether twarty dlake place, the ropa room no recobrabhas of bubrezia. Dom, o tos obrerred the mona ho 1610 with plescope, od * alue ont beld the stration of her you can Ordusty poon todeta, Herdlou badi dart of the book marlace. This chart in bolor for 100 years, in rabtely rtspoortbike tereny them of the work fatura Ricciols pot ocker Smp 1633 teplotoy Y of the cakes les with them aptalonepas w wers of the day iar 20 octolit una tor tones formas al Ad Hoce la bar, mirs other te tera dikel V bir mariscoss of the moon as the pas pula, rea, the ear moule en pols, Hespere he die un plan of cocoatrts (maco cuartu) by ft ett om puist; the mowia uped plads 14 Copertukoa) Toe Tetup aurat tednapite tetoh, my w lettere ad te breek on Tot spots feste boa asta e molt op the continets Do the move to bp my ho toom the wint **s contespood paber lo *) octronor per tupro e correttato le paljoako It'u kt r tracestety or by bart beca aiced with me ·NET HANDOOOK OF THE HLAVINI or It may have been liquid lava (melted rock) Euba water or laya apnars to have overrum and melted or broken down many mountala Ndge and lot only from In the namtag of the marin, the Latin designation of tar used-marind the name for eact denoted on 1 fancied at the time. The original Latlo Dumna of the sea eta, oro stil professionally used la astronoidy por than their Engilah equivalents. Altogether there are about of the gray areas. They include the following lange mounts Htare Crete hol City Party Juu Mars labre 1 1 N . Larrest of the above is the Oceanus Procellarum occupy the eastern region of the moon. Berkles there, there are a emaller marla like Mare Smytbil (Smyth Sea) Lacur AL (the Lake of Death) and Lacus Somatorum (the Lab Dream) The maeus uc guito dissimilar to appear ace is to mod and extent. Small Instrument indicate a level purtact mout, but u the power is increased more and more Intel ules become apparent la the form of depressions, ridott! low, rille. The marla are darker than the red of the pl commonly the colon art diferent whades of pray and the naked.cye view of the man in the moon is formet these darher areas appearing AGRIDA the lighter rurfacc. Whether or not the maria were cver seas-now u hole they are ind for millions of yoan have been what is plains. Probably much of their wurface is arkd desolate 1 forbiddlag rarely it bt mbject to greater extremes of than we cver know on earth. On account of their endda outbe la places, Hb dimsult to estimalo tho proportlar the total lunar purtat occupled but the best opinion # # moto than half the surface is covered by them Mare Imobrhum, a great chiptical plain 750 miles lorem bounded on three sides by mountain ranger (the Carraste be lunar Apennines, Ibe Alps but the casero alde into the Oceanos Procellarum, Many other formation great disparity of size are to be found to and around regloo. Everyo bere the surface axbts at about the une na although tbere are many loo wpicknica ·- Tit ko de folwe Aparatur baru a wala dhe poortin nied plata Archimedia kan the big buratutte lebert Uptow She Abs Valley it bewone Calze ATX feb 3 3 Tita and 15 m2 bosh ruskin hits di baghu a pod gre. Det beves Milost Arty The Straite Imphatos, Isa of L. DT port o entre more aboo 15 is wor This root aan be mit brut pare bexatos, torrther will be Worts medalety vest Aloes the content hot lart anbrab a beautify corred toy o the Surs Indum. ich bitte bary was probably U by ore Po the port tax bry d bowed by peaks rising 13.000 a bort tort the riot, va contrkalns smal tratt I de conta of tube rost int promotora to my cornetrable hour oportepike Intuit a buc od Mart more the artur formaron pinay for pomlada forma mod uzen. Betal mys roca Coper stated for multor thut reato TH to bestern d the tooor, bonte ad utan var alts as a the baby vo ) * la kong sawers the sections par that wy la less broto shoo) bosi a any todo of my marces fortestom. berast born reglos 47 ter und fraget the test ostude to mosta contag line imbak mod the Facts More Dvador Slate Serents from ble Vapori. LIL m. Dat wy oba na attered are the mood, each ALEX Mountams, the Rupina Morales od so Rx de pod kato tke the Lentz loby. The mokstas preket nemegdar les the mos, oby poticed cards tout do the wo, wod press o the Zody't beats Peloto raames on the mood buke sady pouls with kop light of Som 12.000 (ees, tad a fee as con Barby bieber Chara tu, * All Hate Apote 38.000 feet. The more border Surin listen Tag forp rabe destad other tyle cose ches the proper a la habar Hotels near the spoir, por the aume md by the dier was to be tach THT Bantor 26.000 13500 for you bid w arbe tady sentired, Csopot these days raa HL Erectile dhe Wed pal o enh (29.000 smertettet the te costos tortor ·NOW TŁANDBOOK OF THE HLAVINS their top diameter so that, comparativcly the mountains al llit are considerably grater dentions The curved mountain ridges themselves and nodicals regions of the maria, running das in al direction, any discemible tyutero They appear to have food litely an amplo of crosion. Smgularly coourth wat many unexplained mysteries about our satellite. Watt have been at port there to produco many of the feature inguished even a feld-glan, we do not know the are one of the cxamples of crosxon they weeth to k down as compared to their onginal height and dagen Riphaen Mounalns are seemingly another cumple de There are also numerow solated mountains, wel that are dome shaped and many of the latter bare at It has been the loose custom to call all the round ante! objects simply craters However they consist of everal The largest are the mountain-walled plains the dane from whout 60 10 )40 milesOnly soughly crcular or poly in thape, they are surrounded by mounum mat, but some casa rose litue above the level of the AUTOURS Yet they are impresive and conspicuous, for the broschy depressed below the general level with the raport onclosing walls Clavius as the largest of being 140 across but wep in perspective, dear the south pois ar moon, it may look smaller than Schickard and Go Prolemaeus, near the mudle of the moon ba unorher al can Inude Clavius can he wen poup of water rag, each 5 10 30 miles in diameter foretber ** chutilou and clevatrons in romc 104 however u Archimede y Marc lm the Interwe s mit dented below the sus sounding plais type of the class has low walls th are discontinuod preto nunout or broken down cond two of these parts indicatint probably they # rc uoce suffered crown tronc ther! OK met vric, ar actrvity Tho mountain inged plan пkst патето, art from 10 to 60 mn let n diametr I he hye panc arcular rampurta #th wall omm I h del Lod laner Nopes, which are terraced with or pilularly c nyines. The moon s fuce o liter tly im with formations, which are us in the case of thx Vetula the bright rays, seth best wien on the is In ul the noi plains the doors are ind Hly she below the level of the surrounding wall Most of the te jaio-ringed plains, like Theophilus, Seperanza Tychon intact both sh nur ·7 THE MOON and peaks Thee peal bordparty a composite that tegle , hattet Loon me dy smooth. W punts et des fondsyta ban the titt " a wh Henschel Tale objpot, located at north of lacut cocow holescu, sady stoc 23 de la cha bo splatne ide the course or some ponios by Dela crner the latter to throw lalo pett tad ned dash keth ITX toccatan Water Start prin port poker sugarcuba, pulpette het, crcdar nuk moc kriced, mod se centras salt og into whicta Sctomkat sa crtalt, Ek en toda axtla a suo be dont (caracte) Socha boa part of typical description har loro le plan trong chetu hut Dot all the autent bare 2 o pouts, by one da, and other do no, cheox be In a thought Data la musy na the beach of been brought about by Bondon, for Yory ohar to call bobocrat, bec a mo, me Lodporou Ana Claram, thert u debutely no central pas. moderne at third type of round forgudiool. They are . 10 ml cron, approudly They wo drcular tory wighetty Serated on the outside worlacc that he would depremnt. Thorances of these would ne saimed over te moon I was wich do wykter etkupton Too sconto appear on our boon chat pe 76) Bey Cabo detected on photopaphe out Lol then, Lomba homma on the map. Enterleti ne of the assoluto ribe craktis only Wher mod at ATM mencaminately over the martoon bote Indeed Yo Amos rodet kapomtale de of the womb for caly ** Vry they become port and more erlakes the higher the HEID poner med skokarty no cover Oscar best womber being shallou depresant te or foarty Todos os pretacus od that I was in wat couldes madhan, Lu the proup sarung whh Hext mod con mod resduas both and Sachant sed on botte lok od plot the opports theoria of the honga. Na rota ples st shoot ardy as dient prodos Frostacellent custom real plata na wala tho kad rumpas de 6 ao 1 low buh uth ko petits beta beple bee the arou muito maktad y oth show the test parts of the wath, each Akti Posidostu. Obe poor later bectude eta ·72 NEV HANDBOOK OF THE HEAVER craters multiple crafers hiltop casers The latter or most nearly like our terrenal volcanic crater. They et common horever and need high magnification. They found on the tops of the central parts of Walter When the moon i must cooled to run the bea beting some though not all astronoment thrunt ad om Whether this to true or not, there are various nits ar found on the curface. Some are fat and broad and in narrow and deep won the Bloor of Alphonsus. The clearly vuible the large pladng ralley koond St Vallcy at the north and of Herodotus Ordinarily a high optical magnification to be the rills, and various day rapberi of not have Identified hundreds of rilis, espacito under oblique Bighung Trucwell-defined lunar valleys are dor very own The best aumples are the great Alpine Valley and the Valley The Alpine Valley cuu directly into the Algae Street and wide, with steep dels it is possible that it may have caused by a huge meteor stnking at a very acute apple1 Rhcita Vallcy i about 15 miles wide and exceed for! rolet it can be found northwest of the formation Fabric It to noticeably curved and the origin is probably very dan from that of the Alpine Valley possibly rubedenc d'! land is responsible for the Rheiia Valley Exst of Proleado la the Mart Nubium, as one of the largest valleys on the in another lies to the cut of Herschel still other types of ra are found on the ramparts of the mountain tied en dvd w in Gendi. Perbarn more mystery wurround the nature of the Wil navs than any other single feature of the moon, for alle they are clearly 10 evidence cren in all glass, there and origin are obscure They con rt of broiant, otrohen whitto atteals always emanating from some cruier forma At leout 100 of them are known forne crtend for buat of miles over the surface before becoming finally lost a dently they are surface formations only and are never found on high clevators They seem to proceed ourt regard to changes of level over which they para Also dar that the rays manifest no change ibat cu detected. Some of the Jarrest of the bright ay yuenos are to scen alerting from Tycho COPSTOKUS Aepler and A tarchu Rayo from Tycho are the largest and onest of some going us for at the outer bouadary of Mure Nect Crater Boon in the path of Tycho s nar show that the na rom the crater formations bence we mig that the have been formed after the trate port ·YHI HOON hora te martty boxe a trichocu Sor of reant une composed of much aborter TTYX ont loss the one of there ben xuatı Pertaispy tocroscoed by be demostra of patroc dust on Alde (artiake torinot truth o not of his shodter, trore bary duc de de to a dezlobne, ou on be moon, ahoo care recetne porab that of dark roche Arbearches brighton por do te mosh, asd fwr Hoorto the Leto was pomy be composed of bude of 200 kry het en buenas see onder con Thats ces by been desimashed on the Sierra Humorutra, AD, and Serenuss stalo da se Plus Sound Fasetor doubt brown bus, that are Frigoria yetlen es do tematike of dull rechthoe a toppened to bave been wra pace & was cute the palace optical quipment ha aconury to dhearadh skin casseTestos relato decope or a birbt cted obiecte pood welat candelong of the Petar od food cyk Morcores terrestssel opberk FI EOS ao be code with rims haar color, DOY be confocorded ab penutabrur shadow dects oo buon at certang loch. Macy obras Devar Ke peau colors on the moon. o cortom set how we moodi spopripti Itt utrd Thao ndog beord that attempt to count to otip at the volcmac da (la whild at the chalet oborech ere formerty rokom cen, and the puy s pox D) and the meteorie hypotheca ALTEA och formats studied from the tmpact of matt the as the con la tou spo ductory the tratare argan ot be kaur globe) The CW oparon beld formerly vx the volcanic bu ister Proctor oged sbal meteoritos are tapoc- At present opalood probably about ealy vided batta the top stort as long most of London blen plat, stb o pomenu and objections on each side takast til planx theory able top of the form of calor cate, bach o pouti'y trockenestre Kerese, she ters on the moon delay worth no combat maa. Aloo almost aconchinable de route sently the world of the Boat was to e dete, 30.000 stes on our te of the suitset te saris, 500 forint set the moogtulo Mens do y ban the same origie Aph, the ·72 NE HANDBOOK OF THIC HCAVENS coolers multiple craters, hilitop craters The latter und most pourly like our terrestrial rolcanic cruter They ut common however uod deed high magallication. They fauod on the tops of the central peaks Walter und Az When the moon's crust cooled to nums the ben hel some though not ut utronometrit thrank uod crk Whether thit true or not, there are various ils or found on the surface. Some are dat and broad idol marrow and deep us on the floor of Alphones. The oge clearly valble is the large winding valley known SC Valley at the north cod of Herodotta. Ordiourily k hich optical magnification to see the rils, and maniow seling rapher of note have Identified hundreds of Hills, copied ander oblique lighting Trox, well-defined luar valleys are not very numer The best examples are the prest Alpipe Valley and the R! Valley Tho Alpine Valley cuts directly into the Alpe. S and wide, with steep cllls It la poalbio that it may have aned by a huge meteor striking at a very cute ange. Rhciu Valley is about 15 mila wide and extends for mier it can be found northwest of the formation Fabric It to noticeably curved, and the origin is probably very dula from that of the Alpine Valley posibly subsidence land be responsiblo for the Rhelia Valley Eux of Ptoleraal in the Mare Nublum, by one of the largest valleys on the me oootber Lies to the west of Herichel al other types of vul Ard found on the remparts of the mountain-walled enclou. In Gassendl Perhaps moro mystery Rurrounds the nature of the on roys than any other single feature of the mood for ulibol they are clearly lo evidence cren la a small glass, their mat and origin at obscurt They comunt of brilliant, barn white streaks always emanating from some crater forovat At least 100 of them are knont. Somo extend for bunda of miles over the surface before becoming Inally lost. dently they are price formations only and are proba never found on high elevation. They seem to proceed w out regard to changes of level over which they paus. abo clear that the rays manifat no change that can detected Some of the largest of the bright ray nyutema are to! y extendioz from Tycho Coperoku, Kepler und Ad turchu Rays from Tycho are the largest and floed of vome poing a far the outer boundary of Mure Necum Cooler boon to the path of Tycho nys show that the cross the cater forsations bence he infer that the have been formed after the crushen they ·IHS HOME 2 NAM to norint the networtie bet otoman but can tad ti torplas tasy the raporte metrorite store 400 booste et duhe radios propios cuples e That no time for tos ont brake me for adus but stead uteball predio y be heartacondy potraard tock Etetox war dag of Meteor Caner Tekst on the moo would be the diet thor for train a Decot I springhy weper cruter moeld be wear of poottu od 1 mettorte before the wordsce be crplova nad mortation of the piti post of the koord wat she was od Boohoo, who cabou that the toob sort of the supposed them to at mox locator out. The part of obras does not kto to be moredited by destibula . The explom meteor has to explains best the teatro, bet kurpes meteor or peaba ELR Not bod, broke the run Jare latest besonde ban boto produced by a akcio-fincter meteor 2 cart color of the lour sexs aho bere eplabed by fbeuty And lasty the Textda qortion of the betcht mit to be ft borcat sobral Explosion by . peror ing wito w sobod aut parlepy to doc webporlar qoid rint ad a cracked portada od than wite of rotac prepare lo toa luqmaid that sorted some of the was to the acts to coodcote wand faced at the 10, Door haar street plerumy neighbor o serie in a certain casca from the wurde Foot nitoxos been deurmiood that the man toba of the moon o that art d 237,137 miles but the ascentricity of the or by bretodom from pertect docht, con da bo nary from 20.000 233,000 nia The ptis bar the OOK u ustans abond 60 arth. This 0 kotha beberde ruget thes that al beca wonto de nova con los e Abe the me pt of the atta att det spento, por aimed is Kad the ready too. The mod 2300 min m abortet, and equal to the treat Yody of wory posts pm. The distance of bs boob to that the est da docity from the earth b About us soor o tout de suitise mon oret w .be pt un is ons he may baxts a tot datata of the tisco ou be food by teplo ·NET ILANDBOOK OF THE HEAVENS craters are distributed indiscrtolaately pot followi of cruntal weakness as on the carth Goodacre claims that the presence of a large bright spots on the surface, of the type of the Lione is the best evidence of volcanic origin At the ca small crater from which it appears as if the white compostos the ray bus been eeted. Radlating ridy from Tycho also help In this Idea Objections to the metcoric Idea Inducte the fol argumenta sloco the earth and moon have probably traveling together in the solar system shoce the bet meteors should have fallen on each body alike, or they should bave fallen correspondinely more on the than the moon, because of the larger abze of the fi Yet only I compantively fem meteoric paha have found on carth of which Meteor Crater is tho largest thero scern to have been no traces Icft in the rocks to In "fox falls, or those ontedating the present frolog Yet the presence of the earth's atmosphere would con most metcons and hence they would not produce a Olcantk nizo aad number of craters on the moon to that the metcon mould have been larger and more than is held likdy Tho erplasive mercoric theory k a rather new form meteoric idea and posibly has moore in its favor than a the other one. According to the calculations of phys meteor moving at great velocity has so much kinetic c that, when suddenly stopped, it explodes with unpan violence. At 40 miles per second occording to Olfford, 400 times the energy of dynamite, and many of the more como in with greater relociter than that. The questa way as there not continued bombardmeat now like Oncs which contogly occurred in the past? If the pu of meteors al coming to the earth s atmosphere millions of yean bs as great ub proved, what must colosul "harvest have been in the carly crau, it is Very probably the larger musses were all gathered up in the life bhstory of the solar intern to that only the ones are now being down to which appear reasonadi wo seldom bare large ones striklag tho cartb although H be partly because they are consumed in the atmosphere it is held that if a meteor at 40 miles a second waite moon's murract (of lesser density than the carth , and no atmosphere to roubt the night) and hus its motion lo Ko second by the resistance of the globe I will pene about 2 mies below the surface in the ho scondid" of translation" b transformed foto mo ir agita ·77 THE WOOY Oma Kako podcom der Toats A Xu 1 x Ayol C All In facts He E virtley Flusso Van Habitat ! in VEL QA They K Ppters We Puded med Pelo Woda Carlata Word i Caruchyne Struttur y Lapis XL Kurda 5 Ulbert Wh do o wyon, and the tasacter can be matured Cercope, ber of the more beats domech. The Setes shou 160 mila o orer morto the earth, Iva en about to the cards and the role in bag as of the other test the potar satom tre O, DO* * s kryt s o non compared story that part #ound which in teroitaThe ha detekty a 06 the earth or 3 tomes the density of The pomy the time that of the anh, to ** man epos 175 grada o be orb would worth ho pounch co the coco (welped by a spring balance) 121) oth door he could wax youp 4 times 1 stout bapt, bars would att bola choles of parky kes us both And Bayect thora by me on the moon gold to sa tam as far and probably {anibat thate betas pd rope Hoy cunon passance would be at de corecta ab a meal orice pm Como te pot of our root rebected all the HR WT DOCadenctul Amber could be sold out by L. The best portaod prorlog the took e dar umable baob of the Moos, Vack backy kama tunated by our hands Dolor arisce. Besides the an otherwon to the spotirosaph y the hope of that poca i mitur in pectoral this kap auga, od the promes to mort Akropomen urt om bied bow or whellise com la teobre los af min to me on but too lata tus uuh pon. The main the best photo Deutsch o tas te ten of the worlaper Hash tomat tartale stood do ooo for you. At the perpetues, the arch stetra TT A Spht froes toe moon fren ·76 NEW HANDBOOK OF THE HEAYIN3 Og & 3 00 w Humor Bu He Nbium Sinus Autre OCKMU oto 57 Trampobeto Woorum 35 Procelyn H ** Here Serenitate Here S4 AS Imbrum 049 Lacus tant N Ficart 14 CHAK or Noor 1 Schickard 1 Schic 3 Scbelnet 4 Longomontant 5 WWI Trobo 7 Hurtous # Masius Newton 10 Curler 1 SUORET 22 21adrolycos 11 Pukus 14 Vaco 15 Jun 16 Fabrdos IT Zarul 18 Piccolomist 19 FutDetits 20 Y Item 21 Ray montana 23 Purbach 23 Arochet 24 Alphorus 15 m letaru o Ilipparchus 27 Albatryant 28 Abulfeda ty Cath 1 Cyrilluns Jl Theopt! 32 in The 1 $2 boch 34 letastus 35 Pastin 36 8 Plumboldt 17 Sep 16 Langre JO Blacrobius 40 Cleomedy 41 G +2 Posteloch 1) Herrala 4 Atlas ** Endymolo to Goldb.co +7 in tacchi 48 Euaro 40 vol Mat Antulun 12 A tolycom $) Arsti St TY ·THI KOON contized died at the son oikes is the the retards 4, nes the Deans, on the type, about 10 minuta nay night, od the title Excel tartuota the les of declination the exam. is it moon ku thu ramal equinos, the incrends heation day by day lead to lean the portal mandatoa Terless thanks for the Dorthea berimpere) but the Hution et setting increased. Is the southero berphphen thech te opposto. Similar a the moon i the throalaloor, the mooartis & Liter ad bakt day by a large boot, bot momentin bater cach day de chariot Act to that othera berpir aod opport the other benisphers w obor pode of changing retardation of riscos toy moon occur necha toond med at ut poticeable at the two poco at the Yamal quines poobed takes places nety medtastomaty with sent. The bos prie path to mort party paralled to the Taon na at other ones that due son hom ich Junting, and be torreny farther to the lonpitud ** By cooperately bear ibo barbon for kraal days PL This is the burrat moon rad pre m porian hulle te creator Daren tal mother thouc bea SEO w turns! wipos of September Toe bett mood tourty Be wame, iod pa ba or sppellation of ther's moon. In bezt tudtudes to ent of the barrest wod r's O nou prosource nors she boot crouting sock compond with the pel palcor, the wood's paths (be the noch ska * Sen bortmoa) la mort party parald man wtb or tron, they are conditiom prah in Latidos of the earth quanto due barres-boca copanom al be remnalizare teren of the bathr Dorthern bere, but to the southern Lathode carts tot out utatae alior prezent nuty cher saat to the cut, bemerluate ott abateret tau. Il faut coin our txty bo con perlod as derual paod wound the art mod roulla bala thing deuoc the stretton Artetxtube dum.cat poderstand that ttu mooo cha ata x bila uwih relay our Luce bow earth bot you walk found the o such this actes tax of the rooms Had that you have bees of mory dructuo of the por tarmy toe te mdm performed a tooth OD 1.*** with the wood, or moon day a od into a dry the name diy ·NIT ILANDO DOK OF THE HEAVEN the run Photographe prove that the moon in pellora tinlight contrary to popular idkus It would take the i cattely Olled with full moons to equal the an't light I hi comparatively cusy for anyone to get a pood Wa the general movemenu of the moon in the bearers, ad movements appear to us that a, the apparent et After the drurnal motion the apparent motion og serve as the constant carthard motion against the bacon of distant mart When the moon i upparently acar a or bright star its monon can be set uted with the u cyo, tometimes in an hour time The Staard morons detected by the noticeable itardation of rung cach for it rises perceptibly later every night (or dar) The casiward motion u cvidcnu that the moon pod tirely around the carth in about a month The sidered in the time taken to pass from a certain star around Heaves and back to the me stas Its vera 2747143*11 S and u used as the sercal month Thema daily motion is 13 109.38 Anoth moduloon end of moon the syn die period of th me taken in worlastia * certain ponition with respect to th sun around to the relative positan af in as beru.cen th 1 uccessive fall mo This incryp) The AO) month one most closely correspanding to us calendar wrth Of course the time mmg und eiung of the moon of importance to intiested in this heavenly for Phenomena otrs ng nu setting ute mpikat d becouse! the fast cast id rut MK ng the cntcllations and nination in whichin in the montr ni Jay 10 JAY (20 by the incloutkn of the nex Thit to the cyuator) The monumerich tn #nrth f the country und now south-Ting un ng it Hasions at the ti of about one cont laxnin d) 15 Ari I go chunge in declinat in 11 H m 11 n hun hispbx the north declinatkin north cel al pulcih In 16 the bort in hec omnia Il mata for an nt Hrver of the cort and nehnt! 4 the absence de nth ԻՐ h nih 1 the cut from wbcre thmen less moonlight sor Jay Although the daily molo t thì 1 | by Westhurd, ibe moon other direction (eastsud) that tik that 1 day between two succesuit moontes, or 11 13 at the meridian or Ino woorssts. This is the 1 r 1h n neara o 1 طه ۱۱را dintu 4 th & 11 ICAS t 1 ณ วงn 1 + 1 ·Tih KOOY al pertoa or cordon bo pod utico work A be lont morty tho I wood Red fly ipsh fro the Nant Obsemapory station, to electric clock. berenc, od bly we exertal. A o predicted pacions for the lock and lasted be o the incin Episnite od rotx oxhes procer your perodests, notably to heatical Almanc (Londoal *pt the and prettied tre la postulx bokep Fond of competiton ba o he pods with the PTITI All the butts yatoa Ocenitatcoot b port Pretag them ook world that, nad otserte because et those one k Edlira of the Dooban ster piered by a mathes lado Fotomer Sudeeg tota ant then piren to the prolex Email chroeder Cremonty na otip prescat lezetten from the theater as the Dog enters the tartha At the started it could brun cox to pre Aca The Spectacothes mon bemusel mod bolesti Hoe old that. The color of the moon at duce of the dopyt do myplay bera breal copper Wer og mer the moon and Dear bolal Dariot mod cep the worst may be more or les viibib, Irom umlich Wandt mod nadlected from the xtyposphere around the disc the ansYet w Now wear actora de moon u mnt. Yuleys to cart to be able The corned thador other on our tells costula $ portal oct of the rol spherical borde of our pract be much pse soo groot because any object of creatur Frou-cede ryhet se poate a staden But I mader etery han comes out edip, shadow be observed drevet the deace a blistales contenire for herley w pobe When na een of the moop bepa baxton tre ever KTY by best w doron bout the STD *b of the soun, basto tu cilpt bepla at bent So the sun Tu perumad, on ropion stadow to extracy be detected near the best dapte hata due programat padaly become mida tarat tbe proub repo darten Be Coal wound of the cuts shadowth by Tin mor the bado id qurte duash. The un Bado trots eard to the crabs that chau Araba eth pon plasses the shadow oppaan om W oduse, est lugha sapeshon prete od fra dette og athe dark shadow Danda *** buist way be Crocs sot mbere that the at patal, or ou no to warma of 140 Auto ·NIT HANDDOOS OF TIL ITEAVEN tion in space and would then som to me to turn, pith all or its sides* to us to the course of a revolution. Actually though, a considerable portion of the ru surface ai lhe edges les alternatdy visible and there away Beause of these Ubration" effects of the most does not always show prectedly the same face to stay certain oscillations back and forth from a wan. Begion Jibration in latitude the observer from the earth Mera 6° beyond one of the poles, and then halte hunar month later * beyond the opporito pole by a similar amount Ubration in longitude allost is to at around the the or wettera Urab alternately about 7 45 farther than mean, this motion putting into view at times certain pol Ilke Mare Smythil and Maro Humboldtanum, thul be the extremo edgo. At the opposite periode during the k month each region can scarcely it at all be seen. For moon s angular motion in orbit i vortable because of orth clipucity while the rate of rotation is uniform. Nou parin Its closca approach to the earth it revolves faster by Average and accomplahes 90 in angulor measur, *** fourth of e revolution in less than one fourth of the bone Ius period of revolution Deides exploration of the moon a surface, certata per Idescops Obalyalons of Interest may be made of one phenomicas involving the moon such as occultations calipsch Moving along it prescribed path egalost the Box background the Moon frequently glida la front of or planct, hiding one of thetn from view latsaucb moon always moves (pearty) castward in the wy culled oblety disappear behind the limb of the cro herohephere et immersion, and reoppaan on the western de at emelon. A telescope 4 needed even for bright place occulted, for the glaro of the moon preved the te noting the exact moment of deappcurunce or reappear And it must be remerabered that sa astronomical avertin Idescope reverses the image top and bottom well on for alde, fo that a star appearing at the left of the moon! the oaked cye wil vam to be at the right in tho iterar field Occultation give spectacular proof of the absence of fun toosphere, for the disappearance of rar is brostentaban po gradual dimloution of light octun It Aiddenly is lavash Similarly at the alculated time the reappannco lake na In an equally warums Dinner Cood obuervations made propar lalag art of value to certain professional astronomi to encounce the work and who use the result for Imprint lng the data of celestial prestanks ·11 Phuoc *atto take a poot terattato act be brorty ** I read Redio tome ab Goua the Am Ouro eidos, a electric corta Desa, od laty te natiahl. A lot of predicted whicos Kit bote Au boutode an be Nta me Anti Eptocer's bod ons Other proler patuh, wobbly the Natid Alone (Londo) gent de cent predicin tone for a partea boca ad amount. & oratra bas to be made with the phrea At the error' trina Ocottatoo yoct h more S tem se voolt test, und obserners become At dette WC Etiam at there were moted by the mihuraak Do. tocht dua me shers to the pole Los cards. Commonly eta ection presents fetorto Doreet trom abe nous as the moon enter the cards do te dra ere bad, dourad ne dau o ore kum. The spectade one more beasaind and faderesting on wood cared. The color of the M304 #dharot pages of the actione nuo typically there is a real copper her cou. I tell med ul. Durlop hope the price ray te pore or lett till, from man bplat od ad rected from the Lorper und the dec si te arta Ya Ron le apan love mood med atto dark At miste The curred shadow of the arta ou ook strator COORD partner proof of the gateral para torou of our place ou de puedo prool becco wy object or crawber uchos con cui web de Busat ander etery CONCISE stop the thundhom beobared cat se dence a bales cocotine lor palety of What extent of the stoobernac berry for the end natint, who hm on Otto the tasten the bore, wenn wir die begin at sa ht. These pentru a se yopion of the posted the force carotty bad toe begionbog hep succo propost, mely becoma mited the peal report forming at near a contrat kuce our dorty Obra Thou word daar dat Tbe un Es tracta wa Dar na with sharp daar is based on the door pan opet e dust, od bop bikiba NOK ISHT bota deten te dua ta the dust tuloy on Katery be iroo * 2 bon the webs Es por 11 wakim of 144 Auto ·NI IANDDOOM OF 7712 ITZAVENS doen cel Antun Mon et pro ty eaths shadowy Firoft 15 the duration of events, the moon may be in the Art part the penumbra an hour in the deep shadow 1-40 to the part of the penumbra as long as an boor gtung in ett maximum period of about 3 40m for the phenomena Moon ccupacs can be seen over half of the earth and tancously although clocks in different ume zona rendido houn Not only are the evenu viable wherever the moon Above the horgon but on account of rotation of the cura actually more than half of the globe in subject to a bordo edips The whole half of the carth in manlight here dartened during eclipse The mechanics of solar eclipses A dulcrcnt, and the pain of totality is a wall strip Toe part of the earth Eclips of the moon are tam nearly as important as they of the su The main value of Junar eclipse lies to the paru proof of the carths form the opportunity for study radiation at the moon a wrface phen cclipsed, sod spectacular off li touches one genetdastronomical brukes cut to note the ultirences hetkeen Vanous eclines. They he darker or lighter than the ever ge Jepanumg upon the atmosphere around the earth 1 cupta Ken from the more and there are apt 10 he phenomena il tht ng clects dear limb wikb ve alt ys unpreuktabie ·8. The Sun TYY TIC am and the earth are some 93.000.000 mBA pbaunty emply put, with the temperature close to the Last DO O_19F But aboold you dy turn To vor telescope oa be withoot only dutcord amit would burn your n kieto Abieb ta to the nature both a warme od alu comntary on the tre mod beat of the compondrely all mar ich buka lite podle pop the earth. The babast be of bandecent potenog 05.29 miles es qocter It nood ake for a 19 anthe spreach tot A Sumater (nod ponth 1,000 10 bal) What the planets wouldet retoun there loaf Tbcy wood A* by the body of the news latudy able to wtih und the worlace lepetture of 11.000-F Tbo best at the chor of the store oldetty has been caldutch 20,000,000 Under the condition of bort mod pract so i cort, belined, som et bike to tala Kutoa that mormal Atat Then they botda bodo o astter me broken down bordo, to spopata malo door of the current teoria bu ertroos that are about the crotru! cocku, u to or do about the pa asped my and the pudd the wobjected to terrte mutual collision. I b violent proto the type, coa Astropom bekent that repply the had toe heb eodor i pou out tuto space Aarda tho ang them but the sacoc te perbert yol h 1 od body Erry food orer 4.000.000 pes of the art pourt od loo the yoke, od to be that boorte a tur icladen ammatt han coptic tub The fox FETES bebes of Threat thout A DO planted to per tran the olde Tatorth recetra thu holat fortsatthextyy edyth Pinay Koolboy mapa obate door, he wou umotut XUDT on the portie du pifyty do bideot to na vood a part afrobea concerted a ta focal The autor of the wo (chut Web mha crerie Bobbys of ecop) toon u the photo ·82 NIT HANDBOOK OF TIL HAVENS - Alcen con un con el pud by martht shootw Furore 15 the duration of eveots, the moon may be in the first part the penumbra an hour in the deep shadow 1140- la the part of the penumbra a long as an hour gtving an ent maximum period of about 3-40 for the phenomena Moon eclipse can be seen over half of the carth dom tancowly although clocks in different time-rong rend differe hout Not only are the events visible wherever the moon above the horizon but on account of rotation of the cart actually more than half of the globe le fubject to lon celipse. The whole hall of the earth in moonlight drop darkened during eclipse. The mechanics of solar eclipses a diferent, and the path of totality in a small strip across o part of the earth. Eclipse of tho moon are not nearly as important as the of the sun. The main value of lunar eclipses las to the parti proof of the arthform, the opportunity for study of be radiation at the moon pulace when eclipsed, and th spectacular effect. It touches ones general wronomkaal late att to nore the difference between variou ecilpses. They my he darker or lighter than the average depending upon 1 atmosphere around the carb' edit as seen from the moon and there are apt to be phenomena of Itchting effects near b Imb which are afanye oppredictabic.

·8 The Son THE kaart at oor a num the entr 144 FH bould yo TT bor yon rady in the title *1 the end beat of tas twia the posibile per te czarne be 1 desco per Or to 1 Daca ondd i bad at in Wind Don na ICOT 13H Be the play rookter temes T. u be body of the most the writer operatit o ILO Txact i ne be ww by boti. ( a to add The photo dete de Maddox i denne twaa tuturor in bobot PT B dodant Ear pole tette action a hawegimas Asiden, der simbo. Erat barr Why cotton handlady &n 2 2 tasate pract Reboschek که د م م * c52062 ·NIP HANDBOOK Or TIC ILAYIN sphere. Its the Art of four outer layers, and directly It the reversing laye gurrounded by the chromopp which In tom kedveloped by the sun 1 COTON Down on the photosphere are the sun-upota. Ora sorte especially during the time of wo-spot maximum, there sun-spot lupo enough to be seen with the naked eye. are the big ones, running pertapy from 50 000 to 150, milu In diameter over all into which a handful of c could easily dluppear Almost any day during the manier season as many u 25 amalier ooc-wilt larre couple swallow our chttra world aro visible in a 2 or 3 och 1 scope, or even with a maller plus. The pots frequently swim through the sea of incandes gases la pair or clusters, and secto to move to the dist the run turns on its axt. They prefer solar latitudes betw 3 And 40 both north and south and most Ilva (or only few days Somc, however do may longer and may even last throug full solar rotation of 25 days and wil be porog stroo Under higher mamifcation, the spots show a dark cra known as the umbra and a lighter surrounding arti a the penumbre. Urubrus generally run from a few thousan 50 000 malles in diameter while the penumbras somet reach 150 000. The entire spot appean black against background of tbo am, but it it were not seen against surrounding photosphere it would seem to be white hos really it Sckcatbas constantly discuta pro and con the possible fects of these rut-spot on daily life here on the carth. A although the procie alects may be debacable, there se Ikuo doubt that the appearance of great numbers of sunt in the course of the primary cycle of 11 years does have to In Auence on the weather RUTOrus, magnetic poler, radio ception, and perhaps even upon tho normal course of humor behavior What then is the tature of these spots which havo bo to do with Ilo on the carth? They seem to be Dagpelle Ho on the rurface of the an, whirling about a center in A mas similar to cycloons on the earth though they are at diferent. They are apparendy modated with treaks of treme brightnes known as faculke which are alto located the photosphere and are frequeaty observed to the vietor of spots, There foculae are vulble lo blgh-power blooculars, or to 2 loch telescope, especially when observed near the edge ibo nun, where the photosphere seems to be cartceto commonly seem to have longer lies than ibo sa

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·46 1 NET HANDBOOK OF TIL HLAVENS of mo-spots because of some pull or pressure created eda them, they may be oblong These nec grains are separated from each other by 500 milen, a distance that u Yual to their dhaneten do not retain their firm cn lantly Rather they are doappcar or hangt their share itinualls The mening lan mas 1 entirely a carthly cleru nis that url he come la mila abort pbotosphure It is calor th nihe urta and as the pasca in it absorb thu Hiing fr me! H Cung dark linat appear in the wlar pe rum Dumnpantal eclipse ou the moon ict the urt Naf the edge 1 the sun the background to hier fe frullin and for an instant these dark linn upp den rulle hrmant a themelse. The pli si? Ndi the trum of course aves the reter Del Toni Outade of the resensing lavet are x cr 1 th 1 ni mules lighter cases--hydrogen. h lium (first die In the tbeo sought on earth and perhaps cukrum--whuh cooper the chrymosphere Here in this third lar 119 phere originate the hydrigen prominenth (rase like clow of lumina u mnohe thounds and bunur J 1 th vunch mle Some have been mea urcu os limbing I (KNAU above the tar surf ce und the tra el df an w ng speed Here to Tre the full whhurc ish indoo musta hydr sua t culmin pr hably a small J with the pray IDX THCS The Datus of th 3 mint venle 11 urod the in and Mulut mih Ternimm Tiedot with rut I wanth 1 m 1th th in vрх сор when thert minn leyu torilt several in intr Wh nium th I na rok traits y IE 1 mnit ritmni turat! I 400 (XX For the nod hit these rare for ans nih t) 1h ireyuent in ottone ctn ut nic in th tl the Է : while iu rauit hң NY 11 nt th ble on I nun IS The ] Vanhuil nii nu ih to nih Ith Do ihr ih ir mthili But wym um Hemath MTANT al 1 the urt x thout chine 14 it i que pr buhle 1b I should do h He Jantat til. For side from the star in i iloa! I r 1 ts citend t ni 1 4 בתי) 1 nie mul nb & I the urca + 2 40 toot hen ·9 The Comets O ROTTWENT bus beta stod by comttt den by mary for the appear the sky Baula kave been stopped carte, proclamatoos bave been noel bole popola We ben thronopark, Hana bere abaticated other target pa bent tedal for Comets were cooud for choles womens of death and destruction. te wetents are charms pret tiem. For all to rooder bra you consider Home of the buat conca toatlan bees ke That we oor la IIC out to bleed a Bacing terte, la 146 B Conc tobrist the D. LA 530 AD A comet rached Iron throw to reath. The Mcond come to appear in 1t11 pos da head certy 1.000.000 ni Hameet . ut 100,000 pkt on length. The comet of 1741 . per fun mod the Gret Come of 1843 bed a tall 5.000.000 ila ba bath Loats des pesticular pice that it was bution, but abot + frequent occurrence. At least 15 Cone per ceon y minute to the aim obrtner 4 de average tour woodroos on appar emery 100 bleme me my w menul preat comes kod tapa torta others be mato toy dart po nd them. Each sometna metry ofre come into telescopic w w year wad oma oond time da to the mana Mery barre beebimulon mal a low brush bodoreen the daytime. Ante trovocan tad mul jorden la Leply cct Coret, ocoronaly a desconem tem od kolonia on loof toy ang besto. Tbc Encot da comar ale road to me, for comet namo atto per & u Fodcoon, d you bm mube your plab tronacul bolory toms found 7 Mtaler St, Bumrd. rooks, Park, Rod Chacotum r ad too? 11 6 20 boce la faly 1911 Felo's Cond structed Host too. I 1996 voteur noodgido food bh forth h, in 1999 ks M. Akboot profecool room Der blecerem se pod for cor decorata, ·NIY HANDBOOK OF TIL HLAVENS visible. As the first spect of the sun returned to view it tlon made it scem larger than it really was. The row cllect was the formation of a diamond ring with the of the fun as the diamond and the inner coroos us the rb Wo would have had la to Horry about, and far lo sec, had we seen the eclipre simply # a partial ook then it would have beco a case of matching the pool OCTOIS the face of the sun never reachine 1 potnt whe covered it completely Just about all the amateur can during a partial eclipse i to timo first contact, the fou the moon first nicks the suns edge, and lust contact, the moon leave the disc. At intervals he can percentago of the rurface corered measure the drop ſo perature, watch the crescents projected by spaces betyg leaves and take photographe The spectado does oot parc with that of a total eclipso but, as it ba partial cellpos may be seen much more frequently Any rolar eclipse in which the center of the moon pm over the center of the sun by known as a central cellpx, only when the eclipse is central can it be LOLAL It ca hotever bc central and will not be total, for if the were so far from the carth at the time that it did not ap us big as the run It would not cover the latter completch the moment of maximum eclipse, there rould be a rio aunlight surrounding the moon, doc, and no corona w be visible nor would the darkness of the heavens appre that durlag a total eclipse. This phenomenon is known in Mannular or "ng eclipse, and while it be a writing spect the pactical observations for the amateur arc substand the same as those during a partial cd pae. When the phenomenon is total, of course, ho can do t came things and more. A total eclipse has two more tacts" then bus a partial one second contact being ! toullty begins, third when it endt Tho amateur croco and Identify tho han that becomo viablo he should note shape, postilaa ood number of promiocacy, the outloc color of the corono, tho number of Dady. beads, the wk speed, and direction of the shadow-bands. And always t'? the possibility of a comet (otherwise Invalio) as the sky is darkened. The loss of light in the sky inch Lally can be recorded with so simple an instrument photographer's photometer Thus the sun, wblh visible every day and there ofien tho porribilities of observing jus varying rasonal for tion, and which provides opportualites for dully telescop Observation ofers too one of the greatest spectacles that man can cvet witness C

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·NEW HANDBOOK OF TIL HCAVINS the amatcurs with more time for comet-In eeping ban surprizing total to their credit Of coune most comci-discoverers have used tolesce yet three ndrond workmen in Africa were the first to t report the great Daylight Comet of 1910 Surely the nothing to equal the great atufation of being the first kec one of these visitors from outer space, but it is aboom anulog to keep track of comeu once they have been found Almost cery month of the year there borde comet MT reach of a telescope. Although the number per year per mall, perhape three some cometa can be followed i months or more. The Handbook of the British Agron Association annually last search ephemerides for all co scheduled to return durtag the yeur The Harvard Co Observatory Announcement Cards publish the positions all comett. Sky and Telescope utally hnd current nom observablo cometa Some expert on comets write the mon "Comet Notes" ln Popular Astronomy Almost every yea comet ostma nalcd-cye brilliance, and usually before happens coulderablo publicity has been given it so that a tho newspaper carry directions for finding it. About every 25 years on the average onc of the spectac cometa returns. These CUSO O much excitement that it hard to escapo notice of them. The Great Comct of 18 attracted so much attention that i vintage of wine was nam for it. It was so huge and so threatening that it ww. RODC among superstitious people that it might have caused 1 Great Lakes of America and the lords of Norway on a previou visit. Of course these geographic features w caused by other agents Most comets do return again and again. Many of them regular meioben of the solar system and move to delical paths which focun around the sun. Somc, with small orti retum frequently Enchos Comet, with its pearly circle path, retums cvery 3% y cars. On the other hand, Halky Comet moves in auch a logo and clongated clipse that averages about 76 years bclore coming back near the When a comet reaches its narest point to the sun, peribel I then Harts out upon a journcy that may carry it far beyon the most distant planet. Some 50 comets are known to hi periods less than 100 year, wulle the comet of 1811 tako 3000 years to return and Comet 1861 II i atimu to rcquire over 2,000 000 years to cover the vast cutent : its orbit Some of the greater comets sect to appear from the des of space make one circult of the sun on halpla curves, the travel away agala along almost un 1 the fo ·>1 THI TH PS BETO to return arabe. Pannbolle obtu bere beto bed to many of these lor blot bol odc perthelion to eto recorded in totda ol yuan Obat imons sets to here terdedo tomard peribellor the spreading hypebola, ddy fierto form a curve. It has I opened that och coouets these more to put curt, only 1 small part of which poses through the item, and then they thory not belong to the thema! Whert her comets come from and beace they are od momento By They are not to the short period debb the latter s ptical patta but the stories near toto au putem ertainly our modestacot ba mlied by oor Lack of edp of these cca baton. Were oor to pee longer Taman hatar wry pop this planet of pteter sod, then it motit bate other records of the cogom hicta pow more burro cade but coc it to our sur la i receu odies bure tala mamy cort putta from the xbolle mod hyperbobo proup (which rod indicato that Hol Densbers at the Robr stem) and added tom be alipticed oot No doubt troy, more of the exceptional ant padi bu tabiisked w clip cho tan po os. Bicy courts nt vt coct combined witors from do chine proved to be regoly membent of the system. od da bere ba to Important reason for the thorowa dy heation of cometi, kad the rear-by-feur chest of * pretta For saty by to mes ethantro towdy of each kt dat ons ON ny ball be able to uodend the retto of these modelos too both an end to out The Co malo pobolattal controllons comet fra pod theory by doing bbs perto think that Day by day cards the compet's postos, los dant that toong the sur tebes pod mentorements od cod photos are important Erta trough sony comito in condited member of the leat the band many chances that make Loo aber bei of the group. The forma uro rood banget sa puses on bottol Comets party ty ta oma lapte and party by nedocle on He plaats hobeated only by The or periode pe se ptally dopied, bBe Dore about prior de Come run con y recto od wy Dople to po roond te white ploca i de la mity tha se plasebo pret trund the template Hornettoe. of them too has beet the appearance mok in the sty Uputty when he court ·22 NY JLANDDOOK OP TIL HLAVTNS Int appear it be hozy patch with Do well-defined i except the head or coma Com is the Latin word and comcts in both early and late Hases correspoed the name The come of compet the rogadish recon. The bead regon Includes not only the coma. and envelopes but also the nuclew if present. The best been observed to be 30 000 10 1 000 000 miles to As the cornet cotnes mihin about 250 000,000 the an, it seems to undergo come cxcitation. It codon first of sometime endless and sanling changes. The brightens, and in most cometa a brilliant aucleus appein it. Then the coma cxpands and its material often back away from the sun to form a tail Probably it to the thon premure of the run that driver the coma material There are comets that neys go through these changes our observation and never show more than a fiery There are other though that produce ris and store barn from the coma and throw off sheath after sheath frog head Sometimes the head wem surrounded by bumi envelopes Coggia. Cumet displayed magnificent cards The light from a comet a nulcus is reflect sunlight, she the coma and tail are probably sunlight forbed mode re-emitted by parcous molecules In certain comets the changes have followed a great hers and with unazing sapidus De not come for last threw off seven envelopat in jus a few days Tchbuttoca of 1861 shed 11 cnvelopes in wecke Morehouse's Cond 1908 the amet mosi fom us for the changes in the and tau! It xem d tu requir hut a few hours to release clouch of material Not all onet hoe nu let helt a great mwny of them Sometimes the comet nucl uw less than 100 miles de but the one in 188 SU (HH0 miles n diameter 14 nudei appear a single brilliant car I ke center in the bar but in the comet ot 188 there were sx or cight 100 luminous m ter a Very often the nucleus appean to coco and grow brighter jent before the appearan c of carek This change was notcu in Donatis Comet same 4 to 10 before the sheaths appeared and in Morthous but a houn preceding Here is where the am teur greatest wc-40 keeping record of all changes that come froon bour to how and day to dy Normally then come first appean * th only the comme in vier Witblo thn by careful obsery tron me may 11 quendy but not always be able to discover a nucleus # int the nucles he may find verstrom 11 brightness a iu atze These may be warning of even greater Chaneet an rendah ·. THE CONT53 A bon a fotos teattet oebolos y may Rp tronos tortopes muy pear to bicos (rore the Id there to back to form the ta. x tad & by wr the most spectacular of the comer's rom kur te millions of miles to leamh mal atrod bogor art than hay other deshal body except Afm x 1 sr dute anton palety Comet 7 ti posuened u3 4,000,000 antes te kogth, stretch 109 cror ibe sky Dorsett's Couet bad u raty thx beorth. And the Great Cornet of 113 porodu (Atencioned before) of nearly 19,000,000 oba to 2 the Great Come of that sudstill only second to tof 1843 Tbs Lists of connu are curiosa phenomeat One the inter sin rable the mated que barre bero mortioned rible through watt On one photopke plate la truect counted 73 mers of tweld at the tecniche magas + ble through the test of the Poat 11 inpecte Codec kes may be strony tacou in nature and despite ar tredko ste printre HallProbably the beach cont pe kod meteors partides, the outer regions of * are wrhed out by cockatoo, forned buck by other power of the son, and dinipated foto microscom Da bo borus sel. Scattered ore a tremendous trna tery partido bazy pectant a mida sport, so tus comet's * NDOG a mach, more troooo thin the air khus rated that be carbonized and corruttiod pones ** cocta could ad the my particles that coupone the se probably blaminated by the short of thetrons from * WEL Texas temda may actually be bottone cytiaders om dome nike bat eta bepherd's boca, od tom miral lost the count forme Take of Contestant worted the taste yrkty of fors post dort od gubby mod wool, n skends wrrested aby boot The great comes of 1744, D Chemin det tid tik to the med ere Baxty o 1903 bad e tai barer destrogestelike on the pootorruphic parte. pa dobbed as Lollosed that cord of iti racorios h the work reperite mos I 1823 , Cami tha Kated by 160 Strearts esouth beak, ahboop thing to how e CORDE Gek warnard parties best boa parte de ben poc them to that for live them on to * cockt rett imou troch too fl. Then, bacter an pris to pin on the conset mod cives per totes lendas tot bare the best ad Sara Lonard coher than Het Night by to the wall kidog sety do drzipatan ·94 NIY HANDBOOK OF THE HLAVENS 1 line from an to comct head acept who far away, sun. As the comet approacha the sun the talki behind the straight lino as the comet leaves, it b #DI this modius vector-although non It begins to comet head, Once to a while comets come catremcly doto 10 or the tun. In 1680 Nentons Comet went withio corona of the run, 147 000 miles from the surface. a great connet went directly between the earth and to trant. The earth on the other hand went Night the tail of Tebbutt's Corct on Juno 30 1861 C the watch for any strange sight, as our planet passed the comet u reported a pecullar glow in the falat phosphorescence. And again on May 19 carth possed right through the outer regions of Hulicy's Comet. Loowing this, a number of mado careful observations and meanirements night On this occasion they saw pothing Maxured nothing ſelt pothing to indicate the comet. Evidently a comets tall can do the carth po solid meteoric particles of a comet's head u minor corthquake or actually dis a great holo Hriho the surface of the planet, or a ridal mare the sea. It u thought that the huge cocteor cra wu caused by an encounter with a small (of separate fragments) being 400 fact acrosh Comct-observlag he, in the main, of tho comet-seeking a dellberate attempt of the dhcover new comets. No one knows when a Appear by the sky eveo a preat comct. Many h without results Devertheless, many comets covered by patient comet huollor. For cometecting, small areas of the sky with utmost care doring and checking on ever nebula, and hazy object. The greatest chanco lles near the ecliptic, and in the orcatog sly also in the morning shy, before sunrise. Ao aperti with magnification of about field. Examine the sky obfect Inasmuch us some were first but . Mital Dreat observen advise u than a large it looks lit ·<te' posso site dote tarama XXL Wood a Sterbetade do toate about the ed rat Dersler Grand Caramel Index Cartoon homoutarde you love lo sa Ewed obre la barrett estemt voor doctora return there are bid on om doen. Es het is what petyt obert dett a hrper. I my keer mere e E, ammerah terke was no bete cor Trono. The ser br When the team are proud returong and beauty set them on * mix totes WIFE DOT Seda Hivate Colors Ont totaal be borte des 2 e tyd commit pas met 2 Extree Rent to be doma kutt sp corios med Fotot be via de pered a. The end peeded bats CEM S tudatott a wat weet date, te pas plot to 1 A me to be kept me for best stos bar mod intet ** en er det to takettala tirolo halott i topy Stod hoc dice rubera Renters A Hantera te is het Det end at Kari box for medlemmer ex esyatke o ka, en una mare Altubbad shot. occa Anna pendapatan put et pas de Mattor os dente en posizione con la pa hand om sot torna, s dorda ·91 NIT HANDLOOR OF THE HEAVENS Ime from an to comct head acopt the far away from f. As the comet approaches the am the tadbi behind the straight line as the comet laics, it is amb this radhus vector-although now It begins to presente comet head. Oace in a while comets come cxtremely close to the or the am In 1680 Nentons Comet went within the corona of the pin, 147 000 miles from the portace, Lol great comet rent directly between the earth and the in trennt. The carth, on the other hand went right to tho tall of Tebbutt. Comet on June 30, 1861 Observen the watch for any strange right, as our planet pasard to the comets toll reported a peculiar glow in the sky fatot phosphorescence, sod again, on alas 19 1910, corth possed right through the outer regloms of the ed Halleys Comet. hoosing this, a aumber of antropo made careful observations and measurements throughout night on this occasion they uw nothing, beard anche measured nothing fet nothing to indicate the preocace o comct Evidently a comet's call can do the carth no barn. I solld meteoric particles of a cometh head might produce minor anbquale or actually dig great hele li ser strike the surface of the planct, or a udal wave V AKTY the sca. It is thought that the huge meteor crater to Anna was caused by an encounter with a small comet, the auch (of separate fragments) being 400 feet across Comet-observing is in the main of two typer. Firm comet seeking a deliberato attempt of the telescope-coser discover DcW COTDCEL No one know when pcw opc appear lo the sky even a great comet. Many hours are well without results nevertheless, muoy comeu have been it? covered by patient comet-hunting. with utmost care poing and checking on every star dan For comnct seeking small areas of the shy are examin? nebula, and bury object The greatest chance of today llas par the ecliptic, and in the evening sky after AS, also in the morning shy before sunrise. Ad aperture of inches i preferabic with mapplication of about 30 diameter and a falrty wide field. Exumino the sky mlautely stuci cvery wuspicious object, mosmuch us some of the fair visual cometi discovered were im but a Hald on the bu ground of the sky Great obscrveni adite that it be better eramino a mal region closely than a larger area hurtlett! When comet inst appears I Jools like a hazy palchis fight. At or glance one could take it for 1 star cluster of? nehula. This li the time to get out an atlas and compared ·THE COUN: byest's pokios vite that of tome obfects on the court aras, Nortos of Schusty, whichack tho chusters Debulne sond to boot onth opplads, md for at dort Dorel No Geral Cawoe together with wker Cetalowe to really the world. If your mornidoos of Ephat pot say of the war ich, the chancea Fou have lowod #cocott Led bactrito for other night od kecurtte stody I poduda cach the wel bep to Almtuna doobt Hot footh rempe care and abrate its maltode by pertso * oo peachboring costs the Seyyad At ban shufted its portion you need dooh oo baper. It be obseritory De bere you fre, or one person Iepenly oterated by poorth, you rake od prerom The Kut the other story about now ther the coma k BCW CKS S T wo nown, or a ou ettering md already ander om tios. If the come old be cohen, Veste Do Port to Sex po Hard Cocker Obermory doofhoor lock and brightne, pod dam crud for the discovery of a The second space of the bag b the pictly buena drasty discorerede flere be comarts can be found hout delay u the Aty condicions mo shabib And I the de o che cat be whats the power than twrn 2. The price tool beaded baddes the doop b ruere, pri pouktions of the att m detta och For the cont capabade so bokter the paddon Hy be ploted oor ons dan of tabla mar, d Mana then be located with the Fox Lukotes comcts, proced tbc ak otenties tos (A described in to brord chapter) Because of the Yery Datort of couets, they were brighter other traded eft thing that per les the mud malo beruban wad Ketcope for the mood of et ladeny a pread out loser ret Scre, there th, natedryt obserndom opralny zielactory od hondary art deporte to detect the Doctor, bad ol dag tanks of room oor Win the telescope, Andy bear bo te lor por diod. The prestat prefathabi pon the more deals oburn the COT, in od lere fordoper. Jugooc A WT sport Ma hn ch ng v t tự tert Bigbares coset marabeo be take apertan. There are ready buat toast taas opt ca in wha. not to posee day by day beliebten Apotek W odle, agora of comie, tombe erreopen ok to ·96 NIV HANDBOOK OR THE HEAVENS changes in the tal number of lails color any fcatura i for that comet and change of velocity u it approaches then leaves the vicinity of the Am Often when a comet li int observed its powuge is a slow and sereno ono It tala careful observation to de any change in its location from night to night As the art approacha perbellon its rate of travel increase Just u carth move most repldly when nearest to the run, and moon most swiftly when nearest to the earth, so comes lowing the same laws of gravitation, speed up as they clono to the sun Any comet that I brilliant and spectacular is comun known by the name of its discoverer It always bcans ao name too to Indicato the comet a place in order of discom for the year of the time of lus perihellon passuso amon the comets of that year Thus Donatas Comet la 1858 called Coniet 1858 f for the order of its discovery and Co 1838 VE for the order of its perihelioo pasuke. There Also Di Vico's (1846 IV) Corgia : (1874 III) Swifts (1 1) Kople's (1906 IV) and bumeroun othen. Occasionally there coma a comet like Morehouses 1908 which changed so rapidly from night to night iba could hardly impaglao it the same object. Now and then arrive a comet like the Great Comet of 1882, which vaible for 9 months and wus knorn to transit the sun in a whillo we may see another liko the Great Comet of 1 which threw of il cavelopa from Its tall Surely there be othen vaible in the daytime and about four tim century one brillant caough to attract observers all over World There may be another like Biclas which split in two befe the eyes of an observer in 1845 Seven years later 1b sections rotumed sit forber apant but :DI tryding bi old orbit. Then whca the next approach ww cagerly wait ed, the comet could not be found at all lo lta place, bona appeared a shower of meteon. Since that time other meter showers have been asociated with the perlods and orbild old comets which have disappeared. There are the cores of Tempa, Comet of 1866 sodi Leonids of November Tutuc Comet of 1862 and the per of August Blela 1 Comet and the Andromedes of November It would appear that comes do represent an cerpt metcorte materials which, disintegrallos, often pivo risc w periodic shower of shooting stark 1 1 ·10 The Bletcors VOLGDOUT Waterplantot sprit et we countien piece stope and tron box the borttag about the sola epocal parts of some apparaty nepény Into the ir rriten its be depibs of pornicar pace. Od act, they ut so bet tad a few guide of usd, bus art thon that en marcar mod eigh 1001 fonu bu 100.000.000 of these boorteard the earth ethy pourrais down on the tapete bar coastast from 1 * 2ox for ONT sorrow banket of air they would per the groued cucker berrege. As thx TL, de med, are raporized or burned to fare Es besoins from friction of the mud Ketthet percepat bomb the atmosphere 10 mld them tret to yum bol of the earth. Wie bene strany for only #anad been the beat hun reported that surfaces to som heter codoper tout appeut much larper and * Duge in the rigtigt ofte om diety that toetas propose the fremste malcor por ud shooting Kar omby a fra perbept ball docea per hom baie det sap uchiag by st peton. To set ur Love tectors they want to stars and dest aber baburt went that was up to da or the fact Or because they come in ihe daytime, or tru We by counts and so acto sotxe Only the brighter e ect este to the bounded pt, wo med oben men ook boeuon u rodanty a portion of those legte arba a 2ay on Leatheti at additional En toents for the comparinty a DTT MO. Ocenionally ace stato mooth to be worn to the day gury an explore moneabete in me path. Soch to pamce de betere on do the night of day treballand a my toodang mar * toho branden troes that lupa o Vasies o thing ay bir kara and bilder than the fact moon chid gooty San. The tosa Dobele way Sales ta nplant ** The persoon started ·96 NIY HANDBOOK OF TIB HEAYTNS change la the ull number of tails, color any features ir for that comet ind change of velocity vs it approacha then leaves the vicially of the hus. Olien when a comet li first obeerved los passage bil slow and sereno one. It tata careful observation to det any change in id location from night to night, As the et approaches perihellon its rate of travel increases. Jort * earth moves mout rapidly when nearest the app tod moon mort wiltly when nearest to the earth, so Corsets, lowing the same laws of gravitation, speed up as they clore to tho sun. Any comct that in brillant and spectacular com known by the name of lo discoverer It always bean Ano namo too to Indlaate the comet a place in order of diaco for the ytar or the time of the perihellon passage amor lhe comcu of that year Thus Donati's Comet in 1858 called Comet 1658 t for the order of its discovery and Co 1858 VE for the order of u perihelion passage There also Di Vico » (1846 IV) Coscia s (1874 III) Swiſto (It 1) kopi's (1906 IV) and numerous othen. Octauonally there como a comet like Morehouse'i 1908 which changed to repudy from night to nicht that could bardly traagine it the same object Now and then arrivo a comet like the Great Comet of 1884, white visible for 9 months and was known to transit the fun. In a while we may be another like the Great Comet of 1 which threw off il criveloper froto its tau Surely there bo other vlable in the daytime and about four le century one onlinnt enough to attract observent all over 1 world. There may be another like Biclas which split in two ball the cyes of an observer in 1845 Sevca yean later the section returned mull farh s sport but sul traveling old orbit. Then when the nett opproach was cagerly antiago el, the comet could not be found N all in its place house appeared a thorrer of melcors Sunce that time other roetel showers have beeo #OCIDICU witb the Perious and orbido old compets which have Juomated There are the cosas of Tempd. Come of 1866 and! Leonk of November Twilles Comet of 1862 nd iho Porto of Aunoh Bielai Comet od the Andromeder of November It would appeu that comets do represent an upgregati meteoric materials which un ntetuting often pve se u periodic shower of shooting itin. 1 1 ·Hot smo tried beinud sexriy al ten parte frog ter ume bata at the ty The shower me, why from the most ce b this non potni ke to md the tom of che pour tout tyd toe boc bixo 21 the Loomid boru pendendo diect, by nich te mes anter I Sumaty from a poolt only a mala Irrot me that how mootoriogrnu that the aboat & Toe cteurs de tys that merare from op tona bilom of an inry from Tbc ndert, to k be no mobis v ri tem Urretint ton dupatid att and betwera redondincmx och we contra o de traced backward for contro the one of the least the usoal denplay of shexOTED oblicis coronas de er te pable ou teryto the post or IG 33 years basse te be MOA Rod ur sonur occut. The secondo wx dourboard ready ukse per te deres bc mums ry ma dals of chose of A ed ad be the prical practica slad. The Loorits for cor, en Lied to bels no mopptances to process who repote brottets the one touca 1933 med 1566 eren bottph tonen of 191 133 prodeord resalas lar beyood soul maup x od yan The top stores, elas a nature the more e de recorded history of Arch Scott, produced den som barretor Leopats, but there art the thuat sfeer kort periscia during which the ob het a man bedred weicort to the cour of labat pos dan ind most constant of the the had bch Uppears to read the earth during a full from Satz 15 d. I rembo k park about Aurin 1 ba pestaps 50 W 100 kis bour way har klart apparenty rates from the count door are but for mercor NTTIS ** betont from muerpianetargmesel Withelut -- * Actos on L They ki Watansy wilvin HA A in ou het hy my yi rout in my TO

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·THE KITEURS ont RL cod motd tednud, kuty all been role for the Low motion of the u the bonus broty trom the contenton to or that de motor poter eros o kad thems of Which pertady drepe from the tongueuro of I c Lopid there the debt be DE vara Cum Lo potot, booty s opaal healoo, 45 twintica thut you caneta band with che det tabous l. The metoons appear on the atmosphere Att neruce con 50 to Daken, bitte be som Elions of miles *r from th The empression that there that, then the doctobran bo w now these unden lomad parallel patto prawem Mard berweco adrod ili od book od the dutaoct. bruchs to count logerber wo do bese parand man yurced but Ard. Lees to betha mindant 2 be s of the Looned the tro footstypal than avul ampl (sooms sentrar em Moran *b oxcori a tbe earth and through the portion of potes that meet the path of the Docteur gorm. But T 13 us the use body of the doom the Inter DUKT abones occur the mettors, obriously X danturet eveoleloat their ortre, od even the bnm w to date i sppearana bec of per raucedo pak to be punilational attraction of pe planeta The Loon.ch, fr cortance but (alled bett maxxyptarac o product anytum reraotely bahor the Aoe wreclaches of 13 and 1866 en though Abonnets of 1911 od 193 produced selles sus beyond In orden meter borers smslas m Dahort to the above He thin corded history of suche est produce ccleul sa s bun the Loonuts bor er et baba that oder naut sacracher durtz buch the od e kt med hurred toox tc cox of to the best and resi cont of these bbc UTA W tbe un dunya foli hedh from !! cha upat about Act 101 bon gertup Hlou moiton kobod mr be after mucht Pparand Croatiay frog the court Yol Petun dud bet to x for meteor shown to natch ph (o simplemen)-200 Dettaturace S Kawur 1 They u Donnolly WMOL 1a Trakt un tasty i odmor ani reach to neng a to 40 1 YOX ·100 1 NCY HANDBOOK OF THIT ILAVINS fcw The latter half of the year from July onward, to be the best time to look for them, for dunas that im average number of mctcors visible (10 to 15 an boord midnight) is nearly double the artrage number per obx per hour of the first 6 months (5 to 8 an hour bear1 night) and in addition in observer will see tavce shooting stars from midnight 10 6 am, as he will from op to midnight. The latter fact is cadly crplained, for in the evento! are on the rear of the carth as it speeds to its orbit more the an. But in the moming, we have been spun arowar that we are on the front of advancing hall of the lo Micteont we see in the evening have to catch up with us. 1 thote wo me in the moming we mect head on. There are 1 only more of these then but when they are in the atmos they are traveling much fager than those of the evening al And tacc vclockry to an important factor in determinins. brightness of a meteor those seen in the morning wil na ally be brighter than the ono son sarlier in the night In 100 almosphere the speeds of actcon range from the miles per second, and what happens at this speed happen inntar The Triction of the air with moving objects of our normal experience bus uttle effect other than to red speed. But at the velocity of a meteor it be sufficiente the surface temperature of tho nhiet To white heul T priuance of the any objects is explaincd by the fact that turnie o apurizcu torming a luminous soneous curetat wliko slands out againy th dark sky Siaco mclcons Osunuy (ll, Tuon of them are burnt out miles above ground. Most metcon disappear at an altitude of 40 miles, hol first become visible at Crom 60 to 80 miles (30 to 100 - for fre-balls) This is truc even if the object has not M burned away for the air retards its speed readily so that the metcor is large enough to reach the carth H doo usually with merely the speed of an object falling freely free * condderable height It probably will not be glowing drops to the ground, and it may even he cool to the took imrnediately afterward-because the friction gocrated bet alects only a thin layer of the outer surface wilch can rapidly The interior of the stone is deadly cold and there to not time for the pubsurf to become hot, Became a metcor Ible at an aver of in It is u «l ever * 1 1 to the ·TH CA on a bol torridente existance to the shoot Foy la recording the hartioon of toon, en Hosterto try but be ooty dan persel but uttor for ene odha amateur lonc aber bet Any the mmc obfct. By pottby the top b by the waiatiu com a good dal abort be to bet od nou silable bebek of oturno Sich no abertos tie up portsoor mis part ** te ao saios of the sky Adoque obremtoces to pa strated potats enable ntonces to the big and path of petcon seen by both penoor Sork, antically pretappous pood loomsedpe of the bet werven sould be swtooed dot ki tap 20 er to provide a good baxise for computation Wood they be mort the 100 sobu stron from each er Dr Coarta paroxet o of the world's forest Anontiet oa beteor strooamy recomanda baxtido no 40 to 60 miles. The petary equipesse combts of una herraplece de chestbl flobe orood wet of Harte A rales sprott very wetul that mon de la ruch obserridoos be path of tror won the hearren, bad u seurately * ponudi the boate centra, och d practiced the stood. The beled at my bearth, belp to tryloy to tox tactly path of the por anong the waart alterum labed. of gett sporizact to detestantse seady s poule port #kets the meteor ne est seen and the palat pid x das posed. This can be doos of boom, bo rei ut ur seas ka pood, and the betrokoa) potats the path odlased distance (la derro) roca ar be can can or par contratos, Italmt prove e des that was of the path than the begin the Aida pemanca o Belcor many particular probctable. Tale the simsods of the prices posible valor, ter packs should be marked coordyno rtar chach Ita KTOR adicalmy daton of Dipht, albe hould do ambeitt Wab tha ttcord bookd be lor! dation, bring the names of the max on the dark psmus wurboch pound dead a turection, betalt Now you lo, medte, a slow mod Woodcots FOYD y ma coupe bave left to rate mod Law breed, NOTTIT wbts about my other votal Huiderit te ko pa Latt dupiryt, suchu na takon o other sound in tort the rorch wel too ·1 pecu Eepper 100 NIT HANDBOOK OF THE HEAVEN ſcw The latter half of the year from July onward, it be the best tmc to look for their, for during that the Average oumber of mcicor visible (10 10 15 20 bert maidaicht) u nearly double the average number peots per hour of the fint 6 months (5 to 8 an hour and night) and in addition an observer will see twie da shooting wars from midnight to 6am u be mit from i to rudmuht The latter faut 19 July explained for in the ever! arc on the rear of the c Ith is it speeds m ius orbit LA the sun But in the morning, we have been suo rod that we are on th trint of dyancing half of the Metcon we me in the lening hur 1) at b up with ! thosc wc ke up the mi Din W most head on Thert mi only more of these then but wb n they are m the atmo they arc tray link much 1 ster than the of the creator And wncc vclocity is an important fac100 in determ brighiness of ankica, they won in the m ming will ally be bright r than the one seen Lulier in that ja the almopher the seru i mycor range from me ma per cung nd hath pruns at th 7 Dolant The Trict in the dir with my ung objects were our normal cun mec ha util ellut other than to redes speed. Dut at the vel xlly of am teorit i sufficient the urtace tmperatur Otilianče T thic niny where i pin hy the fact that 1 the butt white best ! JUTTUCT TT vaporizyż Tuninglund WOICH TOT it stunt in Irh Ty since mercant sous envetry Agaty Mufte Thumar burnt ut mitos abant 1 ground Mort mter dupper It iud ! H miler, busk first ber 11 h1 tir mth) 1 51 ne 190 to 100 for fre hull) 1 h nt th bert ha nok ka burned 16 Y fith ri the mour usht ht crth t doa il usually #thm Is th tok ! I line freely connd 61 h 1 It b) Din flwng ! drops to it grund n! nh Immediately frid th 1h allott only 1thnly (11 sapidly The inte Ith 11 | 1hete 1 prot time for the subsunt ht Because met ht of 40 mulcr, it is unk th Il mir stone crash t the th huid tih pth by IND think it has done so, but my mpy vanighed below the honzon--nornt the wall I رابط مد را لد 1 و . the tood idba n ut r 11 h t n heiro ·3 Ta XITO 103 Petop gaan Doar laga to fociode time, direction oder of brighters, but Amolen licet Society wib berdam # the * Oberury Upper Dext PL, cupplies maps iad Istati tu, wad beslut ata mort knformation upon request, Corapleted obem notu mt no the society best they will be stooded are For Explab obremenibe meicot obterritos kalon or Dr Astrooomical Ancut (London) uta metror b. strony wbuch minly react the mom of the earu the only celetud objects we are och med de tratare, they are wmportan. Tbey sbow clements to how the art and fornita dan b toe aan pct. 1A other rotch, Docs de 15 o lockas kry sxetcorta to actualy mabe ich do choose that requus oocty-day presso hon, rather thua de mel of the term F Dond wasical plec droo y lett its mod tohy prodam * & Powe or the obsea lor certes Sem betet Worktyda chau am sta be uske The frescogiderano boudbe nett Alol the itpca Otth the In sit br werdetely wronted best man *ther ! Car Se I dont be fooled by a pece One SEPTI deeptoe because IC. ET PEC y la we are stoot. Rod Tak Bertone the red 28 resu on frequently fosse B bokie aromax deonton, to mer Hhh ma sa Het ontsy aay be COLIO Sepeting from ment be perceptiber Scoutube bannedy t* Testet HOSE OF VS. Bontos das os pays The terface of Dort mercornsDorDOT there ho ap bed result from wequal mallong of the ruce la letterature that the u thone se the front in the sex tnded) my wall mod cert be there on the new ut broud tod thaton i musly waadwert det of run mod core the most to be STPM and the US to dropped with the locatie rool, TEST Orion networn are toond on the variace of the ground.

·10. NIR HANDBOOK OF THE IRLAYIN for the observer to poto aby conditions the time, to with a candid statement as to how acurately be fees by made his observations. But this is far from the only way lo which the au may make useful records for the profesional, com o it ba perhaps the most dillicult und aucting pethod One tions made by one or two perrons working together simply charting the paths of the metront of a particular shall or of an evening and valuable in helping to study the Not ul meteor radiants remain In one fixed position the ears, and research on the allght shifts occutio bo of a particular abower may reveal extremely internet about meteor distribution, In working to determine the mediant of a meteor complete the precise direction of the paths of metcons in is needed above everything else A wicht error la local tho beginning and ending points in the metcor paths ? alter the determination of the radiant, but the patta sa be charted accurately and with autom bend indicating direction of fall. The whole procees, including a tabulation control material listed above, can be run through for cach na experts flod, in about a minute. If all this seems too much, or beyond your knowledge the constellations (which such work will Inevitably kop by the way) then you can still be of help to science merely counting the number of meteors seen per hour value la alding tho determination of the density of the more stream Better work might be done perhaps by counting number seen at summute latervals over a considerable pe of timc. It will always prove of value to observe as arefully possible the trans left by brilliant meteors. Estimates a brillance, colors, duration, direction width, and drtit th tbo nir can be made and field please binoculan cnable tho watcher to follow tho train for an approda length of time after it has become lavhalbio to the paleo The train, also known us tho afterglow u a luminout in the path of the meteor generally presumed to be and trical phenomenon resulting from lonization of the dr Ibror which the burning body has passed. When a rare daylight meteor bunu into ylew at lupo as accurately w possible in relation to near-by houten pol or trees, and mark the spot u which you are handing. Th mewure the path later la altitude and atmouth, using quadrant or protractor and sold by other det ils sont reconds will help in fring the path of the meteor in the ele ·THE KITOS 10 fertes taque. Doat fapt to loslunde ise direction To them, ale IW American Meteor Socxty sith beqarters x tbe Otratory Upper Darby My Appia upo sad bnterested obterren, od will be delicae a more yhed lortuto poo negoest. Completed obemutions be wo to the body tot dry webe studied are F For Endosh obren art, the men obseryday robos ar Orta Astrodom! Apodatlap (London) la mo Sorta. Sonce meteon hech Actually courtago earth the only on obyeou wou kocha wadaugat ke ondore, they are important Thy soe elements contest thor of the authod Aaradh ces to the condition of pace in aber wurde tory meal world Andes o lool for det stody another seld of an 964-2--We ha regats ooil erod pore do on rather than this wasting of the benen. Frappeady kan lod sul preses o so biet thery taka to bat Acortes de produto a much. Be con mod xcolor the object for certata caructenbesics befort ruhlat laborworks the only pia hata final dechlon bore The fou comuna bould be o corpore with the of the region Often the supposed hocheori che box Detaley died on tos barco. Lron corn, be vite of the aut retete, a disc tony 1 dont be fooled by pwce of slag of * Iroc. rottas гер because som at prodornanty kop bilo bers r barreto Root mod ture type coorbloes the twa attrab Skaun the brom obes est to recognize they for most frequently found But a boixde, aploding kha od detonato, I to water dozens of cosy frymptats van area Macore usually by * RIO Dhe purface bicta muuda lrkas meint o hay po tuong that Kasphere. coatm bich atretsety dus, bes the apparar at Het chay ot noth, rodina dol or pagad ka bor Tom wurub of mod motorta, ohortorer how son bul wat from womquid ac o the tha ann a throurt the *. Toon aarttia to 100 in the men traveled) IT and charp Spike thone so the sum od and bor Erentually Kerhoog to adind can the plutab out deepes and cost to appear will be formation trou one of her Oflca nelegiten are made the wince of the poco, ·102 NEH JIANDDOCK OF THE ILAYIN'S 1 1 for the observer to note aty conditions at the time, with a candid statement us to how accurately be icelsi made his observations. But this o fur from the only way to which the wool may make mful records for the profesional, at ito perhaps the most dificult and crecting teethod. tions made by one or two percors worklog together simply charting the poths of the meteont of a particular the or of an evening ore valuable in helplog to sodyr Not all meteor radiants remain in one fired position am the stan, and research on the Allght shifts occurring to of a particular shower may reveal estrechy Interesting about meteor distribution In worklog to determino the nadant of alcor the precise direction of the path of meteors in the as needed above cverything chic. A allgbt Cytor in Andi tho beginning and ending poina in the meteor paths wil alter the determioation of the radiant, but the paths be chorted Accuracy and with an arrow-bead ladicatos direction of fall. Tho whole process, frchxdidg a cabulation containous ! material listed above aan bo nin through for each meter esports and, in about a minute If all this seems too much, or beyond your knom ledge the contellators (which ruch work will loevitably impron by the way) then you can still be of help to schace. merely countlog the number of meteors keer per bour bf Wuo in aiding the determination of the density of the race Atream Better work might bo donc perhaps by counting number ken at 3-minute intervals over a considerable of time. It will always prore of value to observe as carefully poudble the trains left by brilliant metcon Estimata of di brilllance, colon, duration, direction width and drift through the air can be made. And field-platser or binoculars * cnable the watcher 10 follow the train for an appreciat length of time after it has become lo vbible to the ashed) The trala also known as the afterglow is a luminow the to the path of the meteor generally presumed to be an da trical phenomenon resulting from toniation of the air through which the burolos body has passed. When a rare daylight meteor bursus Into view at ius poc A accurately as possible in relation to nearby boust, pol or tree apd mark the spot of which you are manding the measure the poib later in altinue and azimutb ining quadrant of protructor and note any other details suci and ol kalp ko Arlag the path of the meteor in ine er ·THT KM 303 I pertapa, la space. Door forget to bastade thise, direction, Arbate of brightnes, #saal Thy Amecas Meteor Society with beadquartert at the os Observatory Upper Derby , puppie murp rod to mteteaed otteen, todo o adition a more od ma formu upon request. Completed mycio by mal ob Kockety here they wo be andied care Fy For Endah observas, the metrar obreria kubon of Brst Astronorocal Anochasion (Loodoo) talo betoor nice meteor buch etwally reach the weat of them wertha the only cestial objects witte tout od way ba Oor dhey are important. Tixey show demorou geber thor of the earth cod ferala cloes to the condition of o pact. In other words, by w rarth tarting w low for morkos acomaly morbet Deld of ob Take the stres pocs meyday pores of ob- Yabo nther than the watching of the buren Frequency mertod mental pieces of stoor which may also be Perts and Scott prodai as roce. At crotia and Sport the abycct for certas carncarktla balort roting Whorntorytecta x the only pea where a fost deckcion be made The trut concertos ad be companhh the of the too Olinn to supposed recorte comba txarkety elmoxet oothers from coorta, bt make and their unvonal herta estetity distinguth (barastrer to be fooled by PRO Moletooxtlet derepen bx 3 we predorskoth broa white has art bereh Kont, mod thurd type combine the two Ab Beritors the room art we to recognize tacy mou freqocatly loond But bolice, explicat tot detonaton napi to matto dorcus of Hooy are fthin mal uta >latonet analty ture i contos ao Ose moramo da nutes from thing they pes through the mosphere. cords, batudy them, bus the appear of Wat come or an and a wonacura de or any bo plar Thermo Bos , Portor how to or piltanga thel tast from mequal wing of the tror mi me pare through the fr Tbow car the tout in the con tacid) ut ad mod deep The box on the tas a bod od stalo Eventually be their com of the add the potato be torea drepts and too cut to depper be formule tog otk, or rot in Olied metrora et facade that wefan * tre pouth, - ·10. NEW HANDBOOK OF THE HEAVEN for the observer to note iky conditions at the time togel orith a candid statement as to how aturately be leds bei made hb observations But this da far from the only way in which the may make useful records for the professional, even it & perhaps tbe most difficult and cractug method.! tions made by one or two persons working together simply charting the paths of the metcon of a particular * or of an events are valuable in helping to study radi Not all meteor radiants remain to one ored position and the stars and rearch on the sught shifts occurring in it of a particular shower may reveal extremely interesting about metcor distribution. In working to deterrains the rulant of a meteor the precise direction of the paths of meteori m the mot the beginning and ending points in the metcorpulbo wat > alter the determination of the radiant, but the patha sbau bo charted accurately and with an arrow-head indicating direction of fall. The whole proces, including a tabulation containing material listed above can be run through for each metre cIperts find, in about a minute. It all thb seem too much, or beyond your knowledge the constellations (which such work will inevitably impro by the way) then you can still be of help to schence it merely counting the number of metcon seco per bour is value in alding the determination of the density of the med streum. Better work might be done perhaps by countos 4 number seen at 5-moutc intervals over a considerable of time. It will always prove of value to observe us carefully posable the trains left by brilliant meteors. Estimates of brillance, color, duration direction width and drilt throu the air can be made and field-glasses or binoculars i enable tho watcher to follow the train for an apprecialt length of time after it has become invisible to the oiled) Tho train, so known u tho afterglow ba luminous tra in the path of the meteor senerally pretumed to be and trkcal phenomenon resulting from conization of the alr throue, which the burning body has paned. Whco rare daylight meteor bursu into ykw at ius por o accurately as possible in relation to nearby houten poke or trees, and more the spot at which you are Handing The meture be path later in ditude and azimuth using quadrant or protractor and porn spy other detaile se Heronda wil help in Aging the path of the meteor in the ·103 THI KITIO perhaps to spect. Don't forget to lacode toe, direction, Eu tathma o brightnem, osoal. Ty Ardelean letcor Society with beadquarta # the Obrystory Upper Darby P2, wupplies mape rod to bkerested obterran, od wid la ditution ader mort Yled mlorotica poa trquet Completed obetrations be went to the society bere they we be ned caro For Exploh obrerrers, the meteor-obserrhoy section of Druh Astronocolaal Associatioa (Loodoo) la metoor Forth. Sincs metcon which actually reach the surface of the earth the only celestial objects van touch and analyza la pritories, they are important. They or clemcots mir thome of the art od font cho to the coodtion of ar pace. Lo other words, they are vel worth todang. So lookng for meteorita i actual mother Beld of ob vito-o that requires oor's every day porn of ob nation, rather than the maching of the barreos Frequently trun And Coil pleon of Hon bich they take to be corries mod really proclaim a poch. Be antion und be the object for crual charactektion befort fotboy bubonntory-bild is the only place beru a foul dection be made. The Erst consideration should be to compare with the ds of the region. One the opposed metcorttech be pdatey turobanted a this bar troo meteorites, be wipe of ther onunlclent, Instrothy datlogobh themselves, don't be fooled by a plece of slagor nastalrom. Aleteoritos deceptort berou por un prodontoantty from while be a brids book, and third type combine the tho temah Bechese the from one at anska to recopbze they I mow frequeady found Butboliche, aplodit with a ved detonaton, up to matter deurem olcony Inpoata W 1 an Vettorkos maally have a count on the futucowbich volts from mitting they pen through the roopbete. cort buca armely the bes the part of tid na Of maanh, and ti sometimet ton of prayth lo Hor The Forces of most metooditch, Dortover thow un or print that matt from bequel etting of the recem that we per through the ur Thou artta - the froot (w the meteor traveled) mil and det? do thon on the rear my broed sod shallow Errotundly anthoor dust of rila od vlod on the płu to be por deres and that to doppest to the formation 1 tror alle ore Oltea Deyoung mod on the matter of the pound, ·1 spicuous but are quite uncertain, so that the cbteryer me 104 NIV HANDBOOK OF THE HLAVONS Dute Netcar utan R. LL Ju 11 13 Ich 14 J7 pe 4 yorld 11 16 My ! rllerat 1. 22 Way JO Peantle JE 217 Scorpitels Joe 27-30 Pops 17che retcon 1$ 12 20 5 70 16 ) 12 21 JA 1 31- At TUJU. Lyk 19 20 AL 11 1J Draketa AOL 71 31 Dracoalds 17 21 & 7 15 rette Sort 22 adurid Och ) De brak 15 10 Oct Chocoblukla 17 40 Oct. 12 15 + Antetida Oct 15 23 Orioara 1$ Oct. JIY 6 Tarla 1 40 MOY 14.10 Loreta 10 0 Mar 26-Dec. Andromedyo 10 Dec 10-13 Cembali's 1 31 Awocated wu the orbit Count 1141 L Avocate ob the band Halley's Court Alcatel Prestande Adatne with the went of Court II V Derta by July 20. Arnicated to the white Cost Cuscodellha 190 Greet we 101 1044 Ceturn nul art. 31 Ano alla Santud totam pemer treun en bere he heron To buy a drette planuri pertumbuhay wit be U per ALL or only partly burled because they have lost to much. their velocity in passios through the alr But thero are. counte, ciceptional bostances where they have buried to Alves deeply in the arth, Aleteor Showers for the Year We pive herewith a uble of the principal metfor display that are known to occur more or less each year The lada onds, which are quite dependable are ladkated with a certa before the respective dates. The other ut sometimes.com ·THE KETBOU 109 i mot kummy Delcort According to Prar CP mer president of the American Meteor Society the lost = (starred) meteor streams probably akt, bure there adreds of user radiants, one doebilon detectable ther and box partipo for ki mort As rok, ver 10 Dot ret toch a rodunt mi be observe Ad - at kendt for me bou. Nevertheless, mrtoon In the lattoom thorns are been obod Jur Inst of thower b bused opon the most important ones much loter Ibits by the finoms Enghh observer # F obr. The data o dves for the ni mla short ure to-date, hovog beto chected by Prol. Olmler (1945) dos this the data of the Metcor Obertos Section of doo ibb Axrooomial Asociation are talan into consider The latter rolety would be o pote three of the urred whom the Pont-tecte metoort, the Trakt, the Andromeda. La looking for the pretror, contider .bu opt of the days marked popether with the following brainy borer ·11 The Asteroids IN A ORCAT broad tons between the orbits of Blari Jupiter and perpetually circling about the nun in plant elt there are thousands of dirginutive bodiet-coch a tot hrself There are tho asteroids, Anowe also a minor plan The esteroids are ucly barten worlds, without water heat or living thingt. Why no water If there had been it would have evaporated mto space and there can be atmosphere on these planets, for they are so diminutire their gravity s far too small to hold it The amaliat attere visible ore less than a mile through, as in the case of Adom Even on Cores, the largest, a man weighing 175 pounds 1bo carth would weigh only about 6 pounds On stil oot the force of gravity so weal that he would relgio fraction of an ounce and naturally would have consider Juncuhy staying on the ground The amount of heat and light received from the sun Asteroids a governed by distand from that source moment, and on the a crage varies between that recetvoo! Man and that by Jupiter The light and best are not absorbet by clouds as in the case of Venus and Jupiter two door covered words and though some beat is rectived, there is do atmosphere to hold it and keep it from radlottog so that the tmpcratur mut the near the absolute cu Interplaneury 1pce It Xarcely conceivable that the site olcks can be the above of any file Aucroids are forc [ they nd the range of the naked 34 with the excepiwn that one of them can just be seen inda most favorable conditwn und aunt cal time Yet it all dicult to locate a fent of them with lov telescope powereven blaocularead fullor ihm night after a chi, dura An entire apparition or ot mibuny Uslly at load one can be seen rith field glass and is the wo of the plats ha increased, meater and greater number become arailable The Immense cone calarning nearly all these n merou! plaact of the solar system great napshaped telt ove O 340 000 000 miles from the Inter 10 the Con of n 106

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·103 NET HANDBOOK OF THE HEAVEN abły umaller than Ceres and Pallas partnuy the has surface material lighter in tone than the otheth Rd few astronomers can see Vesta with the naked er, at be done during apparitions when the opposition para is around 6. Juno at time in fanter than magnituck 9 Deeds high-power binoculars or a 2 inch telescope the magnitudes are continually varyms, on account of relation of the asteroid to the sun and to us. Astronomically the magnitudos are important first designate the brightness as seen by us and thus what telescope aperture is needed. Second they urt! for determination of size of the minor planet. Al be largest are too small for direct measurement in the tt Sou mean reflecting power of rurface be usumed, whilab or may not be true, but which gives a worklog baub which to proceed. Then from a knowledge of the orto the apparent brighiocu at opposition, the approximate der eter la computed. Actually there to an immense and unknown numbet mlnor planeta. The greatest number of known one occu magnitude 13 and 14 of which there are about 400 tbla number decreasing toward the brighter and toward the fainter sicke There ure abont 1600 asteroids whose ortada clemcats are mufficiently well known that positions to right ascension and declination arc computed for cach opposite by variou institutions ewigned by the International Axor nomical Union. These 1600 mloor planets might be all the well-known asteroid. Besides there it bestimated to 5000 have been observed at ono time or other many which have been lost or have ponc adnit, so to speak Insufficient observations were secured at the time of 4T ance for a pood kt of dau to be made, even by the best computer. Leuschner estimates there must bo i total de nome 50 000 of these spberoids in cxkience. The you majority are probably but a mile (more or leu) ia diameter Niort of the ſcatures of utctoid arc of special interest workers in mathematical astronomy because they concen orbital characteristics. Because we do not know much abor the physical nature of the tiny bodies our knowledge to most confined to their motions, and to what possible wgnificance they may have lo the crolution of the solar sybiem. the orbits as a whole are much less uniform than those of major planets The uterold 444 Hidalgo 631 very once tronal orbit. Eccentricity is a nurocrical relation defining the shape of an ellipse. The nearest approaches 100 the more clongated is the elipse and the more it departs from a circular form (whose eccentricts is zero) 4. ort ·THE TELOLA '91 estetikety of 0.65, Webka Miha Tabor, wat ostat o dored that of a typical comet od mort thoms come in trg tance from the wo it to a potet borood Saturd's orbitotod brood 1 hod tod Yat o aterakh. W 177 Goodada 3 arter has the soetatretry 0.0064) bare orttu tooth crudo tin that of a foc mot crude of the to moderol de la lite o torbolt; a te jocuri bu bich the place of the paroiss orbia cd 1 the placa de carb orbit. the latter (plus du I been red u wanderd. 1ocitation of plane eelpis plane o otten bacham cratch to ich ny planeti Tox pent nettoados of ar to that of Toto $t de tott flooc, at the loves 1 of 1151 Loobarpe (0 009) which is modity lo de or tot edipor. Le tror det ontdarly the meetoda y fanero hoood Mam orta bort at ko thy rioder ho td the food to come out on the both than the pe acerond, it 11 ta poder txt they are a Ty I bota 0 cout of the directe art mod oc A mod. Nacy na wivu the uby at och radial with protagoda thoda dhy dorong poutoober tales, sith the rest tous they are decorered by leader doors observado * Su Hormos teached so close to the earth 37 A lele world no longer tas bortal, fotopaptatt by Gatipun stropompy who Tento obser adoos on the other poor planets at cea cat of mag det mer be at lar obtood Homo e ho fex dur de ord but ud on for the topor plaset pet lost is the brightest pod an observed lave te perbals the me The of 4 po koledno te actik by beto sertacie tunt the met land mentoh der la God place ottes de terror bertop the bened couled pomputer oni mortidos modo Seaboa oporu w he planet bu stro- Bar The ephemeroch urs coure lor sirt coladu o pdoes the period of tot the You to o rabdry Tuoj b) of the By Four wiston as the aberto recunoasterendkoo und follow ut es aux Sab the condon, the ya Hot Catena borbog boot last ·101 NI HAT DIBOOT Or TIIE HLAVONS ably smaller than Cares and Pallas, apparently the has surface material lighter in tone than the others. Pd (cor astronomers can see Vests with the naked gye, but it be done during appartions when the opposition magari is around 6 Juno at times fainter than mamitude 9 needs bigh-power binoculars or a 2-Inch telescope. Ale the mappitudes are conttoually nuyne on account of reutloo of the asterold to the sun and to in Astronomically the magnitudes are important for designate the brightness ** seen by us and thos indka what telescope aperture is needed. Second, they are a bi for determination of size of the minor planet All but largest are 100 umall for direct measurement to the telexcon So a mean reflecting power of surface is assumed, which m or may not be true but which gives a worlog bucks which to proceed. Then from a knowledge of the orbu the apparent brightness ut opposition tbe approximate dia cter A computed Actually there is an immense und unkoon almbo minor planets. The greatest number of kdown oda octun magnitudes 13 od 14 of which there are about 400 ERC this oumber decreasing toward the brighter and lowerd d fapter side. There are about 1600 asteroids whose orbl. elements are suficienty med koow that positions bo no ascension and declination are computed for ach oppositio by wrious Ingitutions assigned by the Joternational Arm nomical Valon. There 1600 minor planets might be atle tbe well-known asteroide Beades these is estimated the 5000 have been observed at one time or other many d whicho have been lost or have gone adrift, so to speak, a Insulldient observations were secured at the time of appear ante for & food set of data to be made up by the bos compuient Leuschner sulmates there must be i total o como 50,000 of these spherolds in existence. The vast majority are probably but a mle (more or less) lo diameter Most of tbe features of asterolds use of special lateret worten mathematical utonomy because they concem orbital characteristics Boaur me do not know much about the phyrial nature of the tiny bodies our knowledge is tohondo confioed to their motion, and to what possible significant they may bare for the crolution of the solar syatem The orbits us a whole ut much less wolform than those of major plaptis. The asterold 944 Indalco has a very acep tonal orbit Eceeptriaty ka punereal reason defining the uhape of an alipse. The Caret. Et approaches on the more doopted the clips and the more departs from, circular forum (nbosc estenurkcity hit sero) babae arby ·THE TERMS Itay of 0 66 both nary blydo numa out •bi elong led in that of typecal comet mon Anh TK Codicts in Nettetalowa from the Kla 1 ն և porn brood Saturn orbich brood 4 x 14 x TH - 1 Godadi h the accepirert O bare ortu more but it ik te omul care of the TH 1 Ker the portant quzlies of th arti, mu txinah to pise of the surrous orbit 3 va Vi the h Ob te lartes plant stundard lodnabco o pode 15 tien habet in mutath then sth r The babe Inauon of that of 3 iba ectopix planc, but the loca 1 Impu 10 ) bach K xubty in ibre inue thuil obranilt the terms by tarcner he orth the wre vnc that it to th Tak to cure the carb than the uud 1 he soured that they wan PT 1 m. Onun yer diminum * ad Dc me the rush in the Historbo chticul protiporn rest Mchangog porano hilo ith bac toyult that they are decorated Jungt oct 1x bu M that Herthed w close to the card Alte Ow Do W7 dit berichte Gerne wstronoom ho on the other upotplant u tome { ma non ret be to A lot ob to HT that be ob DAT D din tra ferre sopeth to it is the bratars må yone the IT the more tor in knechce of the old tow beto bert he Fluvad cuerdash car he ta net noch tox tuto tor 1 Ian ng coup doo hata "Toro-ItTD Ilets chytu computed for ta th was the two t 1 Tn C 1 t ITT henn In a la Mitt No go by follow hits sont de coup, putra T the outro borne bort hay 4 ·108 NO HANDBOOK OF THE HEAVENS 1 ol ably smaller than Cercs and Pallar upparently this - has surface material lighter in tone than the others Ram few astronomers can see Vasta with the hale gs. bo donc during appomtions when the opposition magal is around 6 Juno at times o falnter than mzpoltuck 9 needs high-power brnoculars or 2 inch telescope Ah the magnitudes are continually varying on count of relation of the asterold to the sun and to at Astronomically the magnitudes are important for desimate the brightness as seen by us and thus indide hat telescope aperture is needed. Second, they are a for determinatlon of size of the mloor planct. All bal largest are too small for direct macasurement in the telescor So a mean reflecting power of surface is assumed, which more or may not be true, but which gives a worto basba which to proceed. Thea from a knowledge of the orbit the apparent brightness at opposition, the approvate dis eter to computed Actually there is an immense and volnoun number minor planet. The greatest number of koond ones occurs magnitudes 13 and 14 of which there are about 400 cac this number decreasing toward the brighter and toward u folnter side. There are about 1600 asteroids whoxe orbi elements are ruilciently wed koown that portions in re excezalon and declination are computed for each oppoutto by various institutions wigned by the International Astra nomical Union Thezo 1600 minor planets might be alle the well known asterokle Besides these, it is cutomated th- 5000 have been observed at one time or other many a which have beca lost or have gone adrift, co to real, Loruficient obrervations were secured at the ume of appear ance for good set of data to be made, cven by the bet computer. Leuschner artimate there must be a total o some 50,000 of these spherolds in ezbience. The vast majonty art probably but a mic (more or less) bon diameter Alost of the feature of astcold are of special Interest to worlea in mathematical astronomy because they concert orbital characterista. Beatro we do not know much abou the physical nature of the top bodies, our knowledge is mortis conined to their motions, and to what posuble signulance they may have to the evolution of the solar #cm. The orbius as a whole are much less wiform than the of major planets. The asteroid 9+ Hlidalgo ha a very creep tional orbit Eccentricity a aumeiul relation deaning the shape of an elipse. The nearer it approaches 100 the more clongated is the clllose and the prere it donary from a drcular form (whose ccentricity is zero) !! orbit ·109 TE ASTELOOS Hoodicty a 066 hicho ka rey la mue, at artis dourakott of implacakt wad more the COBAL IN pont dotance from the mom tool to pasat beredd Sater's orby mida begood load toot Yet ook birtoklys, 1177 Corrow att ha de scarichy 2.0061) him abits more dal to that of Verou, the mod ddar of de plach Fiordo b model of the portant qualities of toortatt, the most by which the pain of the start orbis led to the place at the earths orbit, the latter plane echotk) beort dispodard Incipation of please depth place I often Heber baterakts dan with tafor planeta. Tbc Hebert actiestoob that al ro, bio oslo the code pleos, while the bot ist of 1383 Lloborbe (0.009) i benestly to the of the couple the trpe that and tsarly the mattrots way former beyood Man art, there we boere that reader to trdbe od o com toch einer be wrth than the se poate roll. N be poticed that they wery I lodiat On Hacount of their dimloutve ktor sed ac w roen, they road crow the why a roca amal ste with proficos Tecty that changla pouklaa white robe run the remote that they we francred by modern dertag obterrution dut Hores proocbel odox to the arth 937 A bale world to Lorper than normal, i Nop stotou holy by Gastronot be dooy a abandons on the other hot plerts bene. I way Of LLA DO RE be here to lar obhoca d Herve rent play that the arti bapan b o the toplanet web, bob the brighter mod 1 ay observed Marmore the sphemera be the more o ad maio, babeat te orok w btea Helated to the plans to more torty not us tad tice. ortes the ama bence the bed copied pork bele bolo protestando dietoa, of var de pod hos ero-pero The spbewerbsvorta ac yub coepoud for si lendas e bodies the peor de cocotton * bote the con (ang oy of the Big Fox uteronts, i la posible to beza Flores y of the the worppatoio dobar od Yay Somette mit opalon, for up to a boringo ore 1 ·303 NIT PLANDBOOK OF THE HLAVIN ably smaller than Ceres and Pallas parently thk 28 bas surface material lighter in tone than the otherRdet few astronomers can see Vesta with the naked eye, but be donc during apparitiom when the opposition praca A around 6. Juno at times ſalater than magnitude 9 needs high-power brooculars or R 2 ich selescopic An 1bo mamitudes are continualh varying on account of relation of the asteroid to the sun tad to an Astronomically the mornudes ve Important first dalgnate the bnchiness as seen by w and thar ind what telescope aperture is needed Second, they are at for determmation of size of the minor planct All but larret are too small for direct measurement on the telescu So a mean reflecting porrer of surface samech bich or may not be true but which gives a wotimy basis which to proceed. Then from a thom ledge of the ordre the opparent brightnes at opposition be approuimate du eter h computed Actually there u an immense and unknown paraber mobor plancts. The greater number of Adown one otur magnitude 13 and 14 of which there are about 400 a the number decreuung toward the bnghier and toward falnter side There are atut 1600 Axtcroads whoxe ort elements are sufficienus well known that pourrons for uutision and declination are computed for cach porta by various institutions wife m the International Agrt nomical Unon Thesc 1600 muor plancts might be calle the well known aster ids. Beukes there to clared the 5000 have been broonid at one time r her many d which ha chern lent I have bene and a to speal tosufficient abunaik were war at the time of year anct for foot td ta to be m de ecn hy the lys computert l uunct ctim to the must ha a total pomc 50 000 of the pher ] ist ncc The an majone are probably but a mi Is) in diametet Most of the feature parut interat k workers in mathern ha Jurther concent orbital character 11 B the pbyuical nelur 1 th in him In Je mouth confined to their matan whirin hl they may have in the y lue t the The orbibs as a th Is m m thin hout of major planet. They J 444 Hd Igoh nu tional orbit Eccentruity num denomg the shape of an ellipse The nc 1 pp washes in the sport clonated to the clips and the more turns from 3 circular form in hoc etenicily B 2070) Ideo orkel, את) 1 1 1 hun mu hao and i nificact hi 41 ·THE ASTO tatakot so jo obably be proorooe proceed mathematic De there you RE the acope ud ti to tint before you I wants you are compoly the breed a dat lytos betaca i cors marted to us to protecta ut pabout your sint ut way to day and boor of the busted portia. Obroty What the book book but the cor Fration ba om bare sko te pres path or pooth din de cact plan bring out the second o the date od hour of obsernne Aher havior torted Yadicted portico by botapalag hoog tot pat nou ody o obserre Warscope wally would be borry tort propea k citoydoo coolshoop obe sm Both chart Che dentare (ming for 1 pome) dot tal de Dord-outh woo the chart bodo Ktorile of the Dead boportad!) od tedert d the marto a tu cairt wird de const pole, axberta potut de bechen. The fr Dare deres la doriscu, ru wao ke se bolonton penthes to the start to Kainotos dowcore) on the map of the topico de drett od potany boone the Cold of the other papet Wyg ade or by te toetpontos ad rdaint How to pron. The cold there be tard pe place, Konto vtedate to the water te lopte ad conto Weco ta ota bcms. on Amethy bone me beers and stret jio basta rodago befett to poseste bat Haco The pola Orang tua du cher potots things are really Worona byla tehod po y tot root tiene ve barriet Af boere lor en of the object to like he tpt to sury bachtabs weitert polety bhot pret pussy they are only fruto, red tre 004 get the para doces 2 ta tron de arte) controllo Wh, oorledeson pou ou piata da inth ndoned by mesa de seus est nda't as ·110 NII TIANDBOOK OF THE HILAVTNS נגן מן מנת iunt. Then with the progress of the season, it can be! rising carlier and carlict cuch day until opposition to it is at the observera meridian at midnigbt. At this retrofreding lu appearance conunues like that of other outer planet in this way that it rises carlat cact ning untu finally I ken in the western »ly after 1 and gradually becomes lost nuur the next conjunction astward uppant moixon among the wars takes it inauguraling a new cycle ihi same routine ba to all superior pl net In observing, on stan with an iph merk of the art This is a table of cract positions of the object for it intervals ot tim and the positions are given in coord of nght ascension and declinatkn Professional cpben are publishod annully by the tickinuti Obu Tvatory, correspond to th cphemerides of planets as puhlahat I American Iph mers and Nanna inanar of the Naval Observatory the Nintcal Almunec (Londra) others These positions are also given for the fire lour planets in the yearls Mondhond olih Bauh Astrono Ascocian w There are also very few moothly periodic wuch as Popula 1 1 noun) ---which she phesitrons at lohedi s the tot i Sulu ser during the penod com Hult the ntir Wrk of pi hing up yn w rorul (and larly a comat) or pl thing it cure from the ephe POSILMY The simplst mth wall to pl t the apparent cu or else in art all dsm di Achrt an be made will cx met VIII nx nihs cul that usual further hart wr! It hn tur iht parti ular uppan of th hyet it ndih unibet tippurution of planet tu the innan Pi tu 1 mnth The position Ull ha plituut 001 chart it the P Ith qunt to a constant h ixed a rant ho Juk Intro frame rk dini According u 401 celestia pul ) 1 (noot chang di without an d1 While change froni nulure this ny 1 T! 4 st for a number f 1 hi 11 and atlase has th 14 nii thre ng of right us atsion nu kinni 11 consta tough pu d to repond • th cẩu huy r t 1 1 tarata t 1 ) pundu 1 j - ma n תן 1 - 1 مل كدا my ·MOTI AND OTHOI TONDITS 157 theart breakby the light loto parlos colors. The primary to the caters die opper part of the drop and INC Odendaalon, Oihis bow balways brichter de betondary box which moderat more reflection rebom tot cured by milet tad un soin tho la salloonly the observer kunded by impro morbox So nun an those that sometings ont cm the metton balas sured the sun and moon they mandis of r* but sometima 4 They are coor who trokets In the sky aned by redeation of our et broochta from can als high up la the mospbere. the bood halos ut to the won hukas bich are y produced in the daytoe sky There in many sorta boca, ed althout the moon halos xldora buvo actor the Robe phenomena ane sometimes told cocter color white red on the bride and bluth will on the out L Xbo other crdets fort on the circumference of the w ciche, 1 comparatively rare occurrence, diry aro o mock wom or fondon. The colorles balon mo by ohretion from the Krico of loc wymush High to Anophete, od the colored open are produced by prto 4c refraction to the same aruah. roodete to the month pod mouth on ollen pueded by the of twilight be there are locatool Explorer in otal reghoer report that alt fotom dry very wiltly het vakon to the wette mepoo obrtve that the period that ho prolonged thround war month. Aaron! teht be detoed a rodiny umy polet upon the ay parimat ben te maak 11 below the horizon Tbe i tata to get there are with the latitude and lleno Tar la the older luthade twLight butty haxh, too for that matter 14 24 hours; bilher butun lurer The viul incons controlley thila valikon « ation of the At the equator te mira 7004 tone of the year to other la mo 6 de HN tbe twilight or dem may 21 ton October or March Del to the drb topom dle for the rect light frog the mud ulog the Hy white These om dos penkia E I bet to the ob. oach of the błot and low in the yo ·1 156 NEF HANDBOOK OF THE HLAYTAS phenomena at times of great auroral display the tremendous disturbance in the earth's mapoetic tits *1 magnetic #oms, Magnetic compasses vary Karlos an hour At umes, too radio reception, expecting short is affected and sometimes completely cut off Looption telephone cables are also disturbed because of this day magnetic cicitation A wealth of foll lore has grown up lo the ration trics where the aurora is best seen ond consistently today la thus have been the storia of sound at time of the It is likened to the swish of a will dress, or the wind ** In a ship stoging At present the probleza in perplestay cause equally reliabic witheses have given contienen as to any audiblo phenomenon. Probably the best super is that inc supposed cllect emanntes from myocal brand charge of clectricity from bushes or know in tbe v similar to the electric duscharge from the mast of a sq Rainbows are almou as well known as the ma and moon and ore frequently see in the wake of a raiosta They combo when the on peepy through rain clouds, o be seen too as the sun strikes the pray from a land tried or whs of a fog. Such a dosplay may be seen in the alter a moralng khotrer or to the cast after a donnpod the late afternoon. Since rainbows on the popular mlad most commonly associnted with summer atiernoon store they are usually looked for in the cast. ruinbow bap of circular or nearly circular arcs of color that appear huge arch in the heaveo. No two persons, though they be atandis wide by ande, ever see the same rainbow for bow is an art of a circle whose center be on the time wretching from the sun to tho cyc of the observer The ordinary rainbow is an arch of various colors with it on the outside merging into orange yellow green ble Indigo and violet. Usually the radius of the arc ta qual one-fourth of the ble siyor 4 in while there are two rambow-the secondary with greater radhus than the frst and the order of the color it verted, Umutly the secondary bow is faiater and disappear more quickly than the primary Observers note that tho spet between the inner and outer bows is apparently darker ibu the sky entirely within the arc of the rainbow or the area entirely outside it sphere of infuence In additron carta Pratcher observe that the ants themselvo vary to with that the cotons even to the store bom 250 of variable purity Rainbows result from the refraction and reflection of sun light by stodrops in the atmosphere Cach drop by pre to tho red Oort ·DES AX OTHB TOA1535 117 endatario ploto The primary b&w the corde per metal the drage and on keration to its bor hrifs brighter ఉtadu bayaludeppa tone radios for riba maundts alt and we sta ho de to y te obrerret muted by phot todeab Sort ut where that sortu a och treba yo Set ur odoo baby stormd te dos, try In Encanto a hot tretman 46 They are coat Troll leader othed or by reflection of of 10 moondhed from a crysab ko pin the amourbate non lo are words the mos talouch ** Banty pred the day be shy Test art moet vert be, od anoth we toooo halos dom bat en la cather than otur eterogena u kartes nold drea color verd op de Duch od bhushbile on the out LW oder credit carme og the cercanfarruet a the by arck a couparinety surt osaTEOL, thay ko i bod mo or soundops. The colocle baby ko bed by mlection from the surface of a cyrah With wanamtal and the colores de se prodati by pin te reaction srovrk the same auk. Purden bo be borth and south ur atres parted by the you of twithstand then duteo baadoo Explores barato repous report on fatton dy very witty Alhe won to tow we repoos obte that the prethod tumht protocy! Use and poor. Astronoch ity wipbt detando andas kay pout upon the sus beo su von 13 below he bortron. The x kula wa tha s to the bod wad tape Et la the modele latitude tolerti bauty loud low for that mate 14 born in the buttoda Pro hoard The Kal (uctor controllo e moitos en tek od acting the won site qutes de la ad lists from one of the yeu i mooth Box monoton t lettuce +4 the tuto ID DORY 4 maar loop og 1 th October or Xinch The uncoot of or parte de la responuble for ha rotopu ad dis hea Thass sellest light for them huikt bx st (od belere ) A tax thy wch no ben the make there Do dos partiden fhotos * the bordon et mort at Les between the other e and the way by brotte pece of the blame and the pecurut ad tatlont bura objects tor in the way to A ·1 151 NE HANDBOOK OF THE HLAVENS phenomena. At tima of at auroral displays that iremepdow disturbances to the carths magnetic Bilbao us magnetic storm. Magnetic company vary sreal de an bour At times, too ndio reception, especially soni: 41 Is affected and sometimes completely out of Loopit Telephone cables are also disturbed because of the planet magnetic excitation, A wealth of folk lore has grown up to the verhaal te where the aurora is best ken and contistcotty to this have been the songs of found at time of dix ang It is likened to the rwish of a sh dress, or the wind when in a ship rigging. At present the problem la perplast causo equally reliable witnesses have given cood tog ropy a to any audible phenomenon Probably the best support is that the supposed cllect emanates from "Focal boss charpe of clectricity from bushes of now in the metal similar to the clectic discharge from the most of the Rainbows are almost me well known as the sun and moon and gre frequenuy seen in the wake of rabster They come when the nud peeps through rain clouds, med be seen too u the wunstrika ine spray from a lawn print or wispi of log. Such a deplay may bo koca ba the after a moming shower or in the cost ofter dowosport the late afternoon Smco rainbows in the popular mind most commonly Brocuted with sumraer afternood com they aro usually looked for in the con. A ninbow is groc of drçular or nearly circulat arss of color that appears as huge arch to the heavens. No two persons, tough they be kaading ade by side ever see ihe me rainbow for bow is en arc of a circle whose center of the line tretchi from the tun to the cyc of the observer The ordiaay rapbow is an art of vartoon colors with on tho outsido merging into orange yellow green, toe Indigo, and violet. Usually the saduw of the arc equal about opo-fourth of the viubic sky of 42 10 tko redOoc In a while there are two rubows-the cocondary with greater radhe than the first and the Order of the colors i retied. Vruly the secondary bow u fainier and disappear mord quickly than the primary Observeti note that the pace between the inner and outer boss sa apparently darker thuis is the sky chilrely within the arc of the rainbow of the art entirely outside the sphere of Inquence in addhion carefu wilcters observe that the are themselves wy in with a that the colon em to the same bow are of variabło purity Ralobons seult from the reinction and relection of me Ught by reindrops do the sumosphere. Bach drop h * prtine ·197 I LOOTH VORDEOS kest treating the light into various colors. The primary aut baru the opper runt of the frons and Trobadaxto, ta bow btn brighter the wooden bort rodoma bonnections barbon red by one and it won ba thu ke aradrat, ta brott i tronded by a star more $ be in those that mattino DOR hlebo bonner la moned the sun and moon; they Izbranou al II* bat Kettens 46 They are coort Arxiv arden the Ay cued by reaction of PT la roon and with op la the stomatplant. Hoolit dhe mos males volch v Lasty podanellate darte Ay There are may yarim bomore, wd body that mooo halos wchor bare color the note placrocar ko xenetime vtrld arda color ta rod on the modo odbib ka the When oder andra fornt od ta dreocolatet of the any arcke I comparatady tee OCCUTECE, they are The color on baby NO bedre mention from the writor of lax antab ble la wortet.d the town produced by potem & now durou toe om catat Ice to the bomb od wood wollen pozried by the of the theme duletus location Explorer la oral reports report that the follomy day sy ly Le moon to the actX topoor snert at the period prolonged toros vad mootba. ARIO! As a dedadas y poba spoo son Hartxt hon the woo 11 Wher une borbon. The pe take to at there ana nd the budak wed for your lo the malle Laudos tripleta y has, www in too for the matter 114 to 24 borish her butucha the bore Tha a letoni controltios dahin Tasha on Aded decladoo dhaon the quar the mouth a of twiliga froun Chat Luone of the year woda la box The muta 1 batuda u N the two datory orta looget og i hraba Doober or March The aukceco odro para in the battapoomble for He has and are chlertThen there light from the on after a batind belor ) eng my who bet non ben the uk The Home ou peche Wat ut be between the between the tik merret mod the well oy abroad bach of the heat cod M te yetno od therlore the object bela by to IL 1 ·150 NET ILANDDOOR OF THI HEAVENS phenomeon. At times of great auroral displays there iremendous disturbances in the earth 1 magnak dok o magnetic torms. Magnetic compasses vary beter un bour At times, too radlo reception, especially sbortta is affected and sometimes completely cut off Loosdaal telephone cables are also disturbed because of this dat magnetic excitation. A wealth of foll tore has grown up to the rankom tres where the nurom is best men, and consistently face in this have been tho stories of sound at time of the most It is likened to the swish of a silk dress, or the wind In a ship : rieglog. At present the problem bo perplaten cause equally reliable witnesses have given conflictos repu as to any audiblo phenomenon. Probably the best sport is that the supposed cllect emapata from a local breath charge of clectricity from bushes or mow in the riool umlar to the electric discharge from the most of a ship. the sum and Rainbows are almost u well known moon and are frequently seen in the wake of a rains They come when tho aun peeps through rain clouds, 120 be seen too as the sun strike the spray from a lano stato di or Ansps of u foc Such a display may be seen in the after a moming shower or to the cust after a don pour tho late afternoon. Since rainbows in the popular dioda most commonly usociated with simmer afternoon store they are trually looked for in the cast. A rainbow is 1 TOO of clrcular or nearly circular arcs of color that yppears as huge arch in tho heaveos No two persons, though they bo standing side by side, ever see the same ratobow for bow is an arc of a circle whose center ba on the line w from the run to the cyo of the observer Tho ordinary rainbow is an uch of varlous colors with re on the outside merging into orange yellow greta, Indigo und violt. Usually the raduns of the arc la cqual about one fourth of the visible as of 4. to the red o in . wblo there are two niabon the recondary with cater radhu than tho int and the order of the color 1 verted Urually the secondary bow la falnter and disappear more quickly than the primary Observeri note that the man between the lanet and outcr bons is apparently darker the to the sky entirely within the art of the rainbow or the me cotirely outside its sphere of Infuence. In addition carta watchers observe that the and theorselves vary to width add that the colors even to the same bow aro of variable purity Ralabom result from the refraction and reflection of lgbt by raindrops in the atmosphere. Exh drop is a pritom ·PI ebo C - O atalar so con mis er, at Afrironteiras smo smrtweer. It -mana temple cod porodin rest F HornetIf Ape, to pass arter Ste Fatos morte de narodot too had seen Pada me te to be resort Sorterakty Et Deo & ob term door sch kis, Dobeer by On: 4 kors Corp.) haberse 1 AT I REKO lobboe Er Bd Decor te boren tot end Certos, Lote te beste sauc parte Aberct pren. en tutada depoda prate IC hereboca. Deon i samo kuded store risk bodata cu PELITA's pro txe sex Todete to Lont habcrD OFF letra, bet tie to wat leser om Carpe con Dan MNT vide com tux 1 Tone HIT I Irus Varun YLYETT Eurice ·1.6 NIT HANDBOOK OF THE ALAVEN + hich position for those who lock the Korea same stan always passed over the same blands Thus, if you studied the heavens well, you need cably! toward a star that you know to be directly above the 1 that was your destloation and you would be gunded to thermore, you could eveo judge how near to your desti you were getting, because us you approached it that I come nearer and nearer to your own penith. The to would be the one if you were to see a light atopaul Ing By willing toward that light, you would ipproad building and you approached, ibe light would met climb higher and highet in the skies lo actual practice of course it was not quite a des that. The Polynelao navigator to em bib Lure, and I familiar with all the start which paded orer the latest which he saded, so that of one moved on and ceased ha destination, he could select another to take toplice sinec bo followed this heavenly cuidance without instroom ft was only approrimato He had to be able to read de of the sea an el so that he could ten by the birds and Media by couds, by odon and by coumulere other wall hodia when bo was nearing a landfall. But the syntem porked well enough to support a download trafic between tho blunds and ma great famo for the other who gulded the shipe. Today when an incomparably for tem of navigation austi, so that stifps and places are at their scographic targets with pin-point accuracy the potent tor still falls heir to pome of the one with which the bodo beheld him. And this despite the fact that the actual practice of both navigation has been stripped of practkally all its trippocamere od wtronomical myuery and reduced to the point with proper instruction and considerable care, almost any telligent person and Ind his way by the man More than medor has learned the idea of his trade from the books in one Noor York Public Library and one Robinson circumst galed the globe to small sling venel armed only with the knowledge gained in such fashion. Today thanks to the US Naval Obrervatory tho Hydro graphic Office and other government agencies, there arkt fen brief volume that, taken together solut all the perplein riddia of navigation, leaving the sailor little more to do their mehe observations and look up the anters in the pohlabe table. The task is much easier than that which confrooted the Polynesian master for all the trigonometric and utro nomical computations have been worted out in advance In umple arithmetic an take care of the remalode ·117 M AT OT KATATOX peat of Colk, so ndiculously cry that you ath metal con brlet chapter to a book de serves other met stroocury DoT would loy cada ratunt farb on the bodo seu without prior cort mac bo malo obupations with the o parforcoing the order toutine tasts tovotre quations, suple though they may be lo teory nad sa, al for a bir degte of cancy mnd, cont krivd-drveloped us. The fightest error may be mpaket, otth dee resort that the airptor micha edertio moud for aroc Lo los the instrument with bach the inpuler distances of bon, and many o determined practice hawential. You changes the by quoclay the tippet, but few people dy hit the bottoys without constant practice. place, the preciples vored in following the pathway arama be proped wbout bodon doity tod, oct Anderstood the remon for each step to corrigation and portaat of panty careful observations becotno cert. of the top bo be recalled at the start b that the mod iner no longer thinks of detection to much tersos a tortheast of tooth by puhwer He memur bin depren clockwise around the bortion from the poon, Dorth beng boch O ad 360° et beios on the cooptan 90 booth, 110 and west, 770 pouke for born to bodite direction security Haaptha bearby pro u 35 there to do quer a to box för borth of northeast MH merey marts toond borzon from the Dorth pornt mod proctadas Crecting, buns of corre, that be posset rebbia mwa bacto make the reasurements e tatud other mod ampler methods of vipso that och depends upon obrtnation of the man hereal bodia but they at adequate for this rederit supplerend w celotil melulod HAA battuto Under listed once, boy Land on the on Photos for cumple pothung port the Beding on by reference to loosa laostart-the bottman to k Limilar won the urplade pilot bule ties ta bort bope u tarpel corratry Ooci oct of water of laad, botter bofol to the man act mod bupb in the wobetstophet Tanto o chocol bete od Dedoctoom mort woportant, end, wbes for verlom poobla bra b the breaty bodia, barth beckon for otroded perioda. Korteret geox daadrechootos ondo dals 2001 1 ·116 NIT HANDBOOK OF THE ULAVERS bigh position for those who knew the teeth to sagtc ttans attayy passed over the ume Islanda. Thus, if you studied the heaytas vel, you atti coly torord a star that you know to be directly above the blue that was your dailnation and you would be pulled 10 t F thermore you could even judge how near to your datorta you were getung, because of you approached it thal como nearer and nearer to your om zeoith The properly would be the one if you were to get a light stop a ball be Ing By walling toward that light, you would approach building and as you approached the light would seemnet climb higher and higher in the stich In actual practice, of course, it was not quite simple that. The Polynesian navigator to cura ha Laure, had 101 familiar with all the stars which possed over the blinds which he sailed so that, is one moved on and ceased to the bla destination, he could select another to lalo its place A1 since he followed that heavenly guidanco without instrumen It was only approximate Ho had to be able to read the do of the cas as well to that he could tell by the birds and thichc by clouds, by odors, and by countless other small todkudon when he was naring a landfall. But the system worked well enough to support a forritiba trolic between the balands and wis great fame for the taas who guided the shipt. Today when an incomparably fitner tem of navigation alsts so that ship and piana are able at their reographic target with pin point accuracy the narifa tor atul fails heir to some of the awe with which the acco beheld him. And thl despite the fact that the actual practice of moder navigation has been #ripped of practically its trigonometria and astronomical mysiery and reduced to the point w best with proper instruction and considerable are almost Loy telligent person can fod hlarny by the Hant. More than saior hos lcomed the tricks of his trade from the bools lo New York Public Library and one Robinson chaumauit frated the globo la a mall calling your armed only with the knowledge gained in ruch a fashion Today thanks to the U & Neral Obrtvitory the Hyd graphic mce, and other soverament agencies, there is few brief volumes that taken together solve all the , Hiddia of navigation leaving the salor lituc more to do than makc obyervations uod look up the amney in the punished' ubics. The last to mich cader than that which confroated the Polynesian manter for all the trigonometrke and stron nomical computations have been oried out to advance md alropic anthmetic an take care of the remaindia ·117 THI UT OF KANGATON kipin terra to pot, of courtso Thirdly easy that you I by reading tot bok stapter bikook de Strona spects of estroom BOT Moald og * sales tan fort on the old to without string Harghe practia la akts terrations wtb the And perfocadoy the other routine texts turotrech fex cautious, pole though they may be lo teory Lod Do for a lista de pret of soy tod, cosa my forel-developed a The slightes or may be mpted, with the result that the Burlatex with bu detta #ard for carden. La may tbt A hostrement with bich the gulis festanety of soon and more determined practice hauetal You decent arther by meczor the also bext few people Cytahteaty bit die boli sme who constant practice, Portret, te pobocopies tomatred la coberto the pathway He ran an de prosped thout under du detty and once bodood, the remon for each step to unipation mod porizer of paintedly aretul obyernoon become dar of the thiep to be recalled the sana that the mod. marec o per tots of director awh tutos och torebror Kuth by mouthwest He measures op a degrea dock ac eround the box too from for point, word beat boch O w 360° er betos on the Potent coope. $0 mouth, 10' and a. 270 Thom bo pomble for learn to bodiais duron recordy oplyben beroepen als tha do qock to bow lar north of Dorthe Kb He berety marta rarood the borbon from the north poux mod proceeds to crctoo, apam of courre, that he pown a relubke palco o mate the manutenesty Thest are, Daturally other and proper torthod of arvien tam ba lacta depends opoo observation of the pa barely bodies. But they are deato for tra outre ad esmu spplements to chorul miliation er in a wabutaten Vader worted chroomstance, they y sand og der own Potion for cumple. o pobo DOT Cho Andoy ooc y by referrace to learn landout the bountar tot *Dile to the urplan plot billeurbs to wont bopr ve tarped country Opci out of that lood, hone bom us to the marin maps the top beri mappe wo ooh o of Latte ud Dead rector on soportet, and the Sor rulot OM A mouth o teter to the lastly bodia, hoch Diet (no better on for attended partes Mortos BI. Ga tak sectoria de dos spal 5 ·NHANDBOOK OF THE HLAVENS high pothlon for those who know the secret that di ume Hans always passed over the wmo islaodh Thus, if you studied the heavens well you need only at toward a star that you know to be directly above the bar that was your destination and you would be guided to to thermore you could even judge hon near to your destino you were getting, because us you approached it that star wo como nearer and nearer to your own zenith. The PIDI would be the ame if you were to see a light atop a ball but ing. By walking toward that light, you would approach buildmg, and a you approached, the light would seem climb bisher and higher in the skies. In actual practice of course, it was not quite u simple that. The Polyamian navigator to ang hka laurels, had to familiar with all the stars which passed over the islands which he mbled, so that, as one moved on od ceased to me his destination, he could select another to take its place at unco he follored this heavenly guidance without lostrand - it was only approximate. He had to be able to read the sp of the real u well to that he could tell by the birds and Aisha by clouds, by odon, and by countien other mall Indiculos when he was nearing a Landian. But the system worked well enough to support allowship troflic between the islands and win praat ſame for the master who guided the ship. Today when an incomparably iner tem of navigation exista, so that ships and planas are almo at their procraphic targets with plo-polot aturacy the name tor till fails heir to some of the atre with which the beheld him. And this despite the fact that the actual practice of modern navigation has been stripped of practically all its trigonometr and astronomical toystery and reduced to the point with proper instruction and considerablc are, alinout any telligent person can find his way by tho sant. More than no ailor has learned the tricks of blu trade from the books in the New York Poblic Library and one Robinson cima gated the globe in a imali uime verel armed only with the knowledge gained in rich a fashion Today thanks to the US. Naral Observatory the Hydrom grophic Office and other soverament agenckes, there cakta Icw brker volume that, taien together solve at the perpicking riddles of navigation, leaymg the walor little more to do thao malo observallons und look up the answer in the published tablet. The task is much easier than that which confronted the Polyneslan master for all the trigonometrk and utro nomkeol computations have been woried out bo advance and almople arithmetic an take care of the remains ·10 L THE ART OF NATGATOX sol minden a bold couns, to ridicoloosy easy that you bon the art by rendas one brief apier sa book de born on other spects of astronomy DOT would 109 kada motore conto co the best ways thout piring alcohe practice to mains observaboss with the und perforary toe orbet roote tasks imalne Scopem, pople though they may be in theory and Tita, al for bry degree of wouncy and, coose dy for a d-dereloped skill The slightes error may be Luty opded ith the resoh that the striptor mistet det tog card for carcereu La ning the but, rument ab hach the inpuler distincts of moca, od kary are determined practice a enxenu! You dwchargt ane bu squeezmy the trigger but few people Coasterth hot the hull bout courumt practice. longer the placates ned i fodowns the pathway to an cho he piqxd dhout due dubcutt id, ooce o understood the reason for each step to navigation and le portance of puni lk caretul meretroos become ceu Doc of the throp to be recalled in the art that the mod. murmer no longer think of directions in such terms rb-portban o south to souho He mezung & kom o deset mitte around the bordron from the Ich pom bryth hein hoch O OU ) as bet on the Hero compus uh M and 70 TT T H BM c tự bơm In te durection accurately dupl - heang on tbet no quer nih i porte u BH beruhy marta I wound the tu unturn the Doxth powt and proceed to ut dirt on ming ou the be pones rebuble thhh mak the me sucot Tber 1 het ne umplet methods of naip hdpe JUTUD txctatoaus of the mi wo Bites 4 madequate for an Cucu dundur Hupri men 10 ctul untu chet the Lumo ed orcumstance, they E and h Pool Dithog my the Andes ooc: Landmark the bonimo masa u ne piker bie nga bort hop Tull mp3 not out of ups of land, boret of WT ner and high the utrumoubert il the uportant od. wbeo for you man Ne de to the ben only bodien, both Il back og for at neked periode Hortoret, tyd hoorth ndo wa 1 1 mpk TA yu he in 1 Dead urak ·116 NIV HANDBOOK OF THE HLAVENS high position for those who knew the secret the Amosan always passed over the smo blandt Thu, If you studied the heavens well, you need only het toward a star that you know to be directly above the be that was your destination and you would be guided to LF thermore you could even fudge how near to your destion you were getting because as you approached it that sur mod como nearer and nearer to your own zenith. The precios would be the Ame it you were to see a light atop tall boun ing By walklag toward that light, you would approach building and a you approached the light would sen dimb higher and higher in the skies. Io actual practic, of course, it was not quite stopple that. The Polynelan navigator to em hos Laurell had to familler with all the stan which passed over the plants which he safled, so that, a one moved on and coured to hla destination, he could select another to take its place. A dince he followed the beavenly guidance without instrument It was only approximate Ho had to be able to read the op of thc een well so that he could tell by the birds and by cloude, by odon and by countless other small Indication when he was nearing a landlall. But the system worked well enough to support a floorkant traſllc between the blands and win great famo for the must who guided the ships. Today when im Incomparably lact tem of navigation alsts, to that ships and planes are alone at their geographic targets with pła-polnt accuracy the name tor will falls heir to some of the atre with which the ancies beheld him. And this despite the fact that the actual practice of mo navigation has been uripped of practkeally all its trigonometri and astronomical mystery and reduced to the potat whert with proper instruction and considerable care almost any telligent person an find his way by the stars. More than malor has Icared the tricks of his trado from the books in de New ort Publ Library and ono Robinson clicuri gated the globo in a mall slag vetxel ormed only with the knowledge rained in such a fashion Today thanks to the U S. Naval Observatory the Hydra graphic office, and other government agencies, there exime few briel volume that, taken together tolvo all the perple Hiddles of navigation, leaving the sulor little more to do that male observations and look up the answers in the publike tablen Tho tark much cater than that which confronted tbc Polynaklan master for at the trigonometrie and Aftro. pomla computations have been worted out in adnice, udd, slonplo arithmetic can take care of the remainder ·h THE A OF HASDATION mpaka l pou, of course, to ndioploosiy taty that you in that by dos one be chapter book dt borem oder speed of utrobom bor woald say e det eart forth on the high seas without pirtas Kitroshe practice omakog obranco rab the te performon the other toute wts TL Lene Cheriton, futute though the mury be theory and To all for bort ske pret 1 aCCUTAT wd, court et for oneked in The spent on may be har posted on the result that the au loc mogla us devinud card for care au lo trong the Et, numeat hub the angular distances of co, art d termine fractat serbual. You Suchergency sound the trigger bulem people pacoth hit the hell hon octant practice. bune tot para med the be pathway Aurat he o preustrou due dili culti ind. Ond me understand the tam lot machep in a poon md port Iran I ar tul mer bons become dear och he called 1 he kart that the pod- OTT et chi 01 dr 101 such torrent 14 por ruth in south on нада - Ik wood the bases from y shahn 3 14 ag betag. oo be 0 IBU de Mccormany to beT ONO que to the wrthen BH metely marke Houp the both joint and proctts to Erectie HI bua he posebabk brua he mou eu jpl pethods of on Lan Lh ut watuon of the can Loueux for traat cm. toccan sngton inced cotta, by అమnd eth D 1anumichthe most us pabox Due to short hope in Boo Lurd. boncret. net und bebe the russa opet mont 100, ben for nous fer to the bar enty todel, boch ...ntos cienied food Morture Lotet e rade upsalt port Erh ar cept un tadme pot! 10 Aat لمن له I ·186 NET ILANDDOOR OF THE MILAVENS high position for thoto who knew the secret hurt Amo son almay passed over the same blandt Thus if you studied the heavcas well you need only in toward a star that you koow to be directly above the word that was your destipation and you would be guided to A thermore, you could even judge how pear to your destinate you were getros, because U you approached at that som come nearer and nearer to your own zeouth. The poboc would be the same if you were to see a light atop a tall board Ing By walling towud that light, you would approach a bulding and as you approached the light would seem climb higher and higher in the skies la actual practice, of coure u wou not quite a simple! that. The Polynesian navigator to cam hla laures, had to familiar with all the stars which passed over the bulands! which ho sailed so that as one moved on and coaxed to red his destination he could select another lo taic lits place at since he followed the heavenly guidance withou it was only approximate He had to be able to read the dat of the reas as well so that he could tell by the hurda and Akbar by clouds, by odon and by countless other small ndiatod when he was acaring a landfall But the system worked w II enough to support al traffic between the islands and win great fame for the mistet wtio guided the ships Toxlay when an incomparably toer tem of navigation C1199 W that ships and plane are and at therr scographic target with pinpoint accuracy tho naria for kull fall her to some of the gue with which the anda behold him And this despite the fact that the actul practice of modern navigation has been stopped i pracucally all its trigodornette and astronomical mystery and'rried to the port when with proper instructi n and con khesablc are almost any telligent person can and his hy the sant More than od llor has learned the incicf his trade from the bools to New York Public Librar -and one Robinson circuit pated the gl be in a small wiling vetsel armed only wicht knowledge gained in wha lavin Today thanks to the US N val Obrervatory the Hydra grophe office and other goverment agencies, there arist few brief volume that taken together solve all the perplexa riddle of navigation leaving the wilor Imle more to do the malc obscrvations and I wk up the ansa cn in the publisha table The task is much cater than that which confronted the Polynesian master (or all the trigonometric and uito nomical computations have been worked out in ad me, simplo arithmetke an tale cure of the remaind ·1 THE ART OF HAKATOX longo dos post of course, wo skolausly easy that you then the art by mouse on the streptes to book dhe to om ocher optca o tronomy box rould any datt tatuert forta via the high out without prior Cod practice in puting obamboot with the tot od performing the other routine tok krvored. The openin, simple throup that may be bo beory mod britat, al for high dept of moraod, com y for evet dereloped skill. The lighter stor ny be Inny moment nith the react to the amator codicht ble dostubon a reward for career. In plot the * bratrument *h which the air manch of 00, and so deemed pracia twatal Yoo dictures by queeress the tripes best for people comedy but the bulley whout coortant prudke. lommer the praples aired follows the patterns W nacin rasped wahoot undue autico ty od once Are wederrhood, the taxon for at thep o nadog od mportance of path careful obaty to become dent. Joe of the thing to be recated at the rat la thu a och roer so longer thinks of directions #wach for th-borbenn of mouth by mouthwest He mentre - O depths clocine around the boriton from the ih potniDorth as boch oed 160 caut being on the dera compass. ourth. ILO and was 270 bio pomible for her to indicate direction socukty stomphyo bem vea 35 that do you bo bon far sorth Borthesse mudy warta arotond the borvoo for the south patut od proceech la 1 direction, thumth of course that be posible ay with wech to move the most These are natural other and simply methods Amt in than that buch depend upon observatom of roc Rare herrealy bodies But they ar nadogout for treathoc trorri od *tu wpplements to cell or partion ther ban on what to Lorder imned curetot, this and on they w l'hoang for curele o nothing more this indior oor's The cereact to handout-be boste po mallar The place poboru Araba short boys Images wolry CDC out of Alpe of bod, however of all us ths per mod kasts on the mottosphen multor to find A of me and Dead recta non important, and when to rostou na opam bote ka efer to be borrenty bodies, bet od idl hack on for attended toch. Mortoret Let an puppkorn de techotar sah do sube ·166 NEF HANDDOOR OF THE HEAVENS } high position for those who know the kere that Ame stars ilman poured over the warme bland Thu, If you studied the heavens met jou perd ooly toward a star that you know to be directly above the that was your destination and you would be golded to tt. Te thermore you could even Judge how bear to your destinato you were gettiog because as you approached it that surrad come nearer und ncarer to your om zealth. The mooi pould be the one if you were 10 get a hot stop a lell be Ing By walking towed that light, you would approach building and u you approached, ibe light would men dimb higher sod higher in the atlet Jo actual practice, of course it was not quite u simples: that. The Polynesian davigator to cun bb Loreld, bad to familiar with all the stan which passed over the blinute which he alled, so that, as one moved on and ceased to mer his destination, he could select another to uko is place since he followed the heavenly guidance without lostrup It was only approximate He had to be able to read the app of the seat u well, so that he could tell by the birds and by clouds, by odon, and by countlen other anal Indicere when ho wu pearing a landfall. But the system worked well enough to support a Bowl traffic between the islands and win great fame for the most who puided the ships Today when an comparably fiber tem of navigation Outs, so that this and plants art at their grograpbic targets mth pw połnt accuracy thong tor will falls heir to some of the awt with which the add beheld him. And thn despite the fact that the actual practice of modo navigation has been stripped of practically all in thgoportet and antronomical mystery and reduced to tho potut wath proper nstruction and considerable care almost anyt telligent person can and his way by the ston. More than a Uor har Icared the wicks of his trade from the boohi to u Now Yort Public Library and one Robinson ditumpay rated the globe in a small silmg vene armed only with a knowledge mined much fushton Today thanks to the US Naval Obrervatory the Hydr graphi omice nod other government agencies there exte few brief volumes that olen together tolve al tbe perpleib riddlet of nangation, lerving the allor little more to do malc observations spd look up the apre la tho poblish tables The uk it much caller than that which confronti the Polynaian master for the triponomaand usin nomical computation here beco worked simple orithmeti ·- THE MIT OF HANGATON pig bol, of way, ridiculousty city that you box wt by radiog oor buid copter in i book de Dany other specta o trocoury Dot would not to adet stort forth on the bright without prior di ciastie pretot at nakit obstruttioot with the med perform the other soutie tyla torated ime operations, shape though they can be a thecy and other, al for a bitta derrte ot too md, coast putty for a sedereloped ul. The dohtest atur mung be ty wapated, with the result that the navigator might ble destinate and for marelo. In mos the tort, a bastrame with which the braler distance of hoone, od stars are determined. posetioc la cxcatal. Yoo dircharge a site by squeezing the riget bor few people coastrady bit the ball yo thout constant practice Power Bank proxiplas imported to following the pathway 1 sm can be puped witbout ondoc dicity, and, ODC krs Onderstood the reason for ouch Rep to pription and Aportacto pamtity careful observations become clear Dax of the top to be record at the Mert b tart the mock marios as fonger than a derechos lo facta am a Bir porthod of path by attres He mearts of thara deprea clock weke Around the borboon from the na polat borta berg boch o' od 360 wist beton on tbe dern comun, 90 wuth, 180* and text, 770 Tbor posset for but to adical direction accuracy A simply be a bearnagoga as 35 there is no quier nuobor far north of Dortheast He tydy tarkus around the horizon frog the north potat and proceede la direction, among of course, that be pouco retable path which to make on etsartments There art, turutty other ad ampler Doctbods of prior on the hicho depepas opon obtentions of the Hart betrendy bodies But they are badequate for trant wake terre and more as mupplements to celestial Dariquin her to obstota Under limted circumstance, they vind oo that ova. floring for p soching more than Anding on 1 Aby refeTESCO w Looma luodarkatha boatman that erater, the arrito prior ble dying a short bop Ted-capped country Once out of my of land, barat of many time to the manct Bodbyb la the subulatoupere malor too, doctor Inthe ad Send rectoont a more raporte, sod, meu foc marion b bpost to tela to the beartaly bodies, both *Tod der en betonke for attended periock. Hortives her can BOTTLETEREH dead rockoong with radio vignely end ·11 171 deral 10 161 213 standard Iwi Funes 11 PT 13 ir one time 11, 116, 179 Tuan, 51 61 Toorin, 41 41 Transit, its 191 mod. 141 Tran trabucetink 111 Tarralong, 11, 11 Triangulum Anrinde 1,50 Tran bal, 41 110 145 THIRR, 1 Trople of Carote 16 Trople of apricot, 17 18 Trine, 41 1 47 Toon Tuttk's Dornet 11 Twitht, 157 153 Tychy, 70 12.74 Tyabo's star (1572) 133 Yaste tinit CRK, 111 116 SUN 11) thrth tyre 111 compatto 114 dealth, 117 din ton ol, 114 MIN 175 trgoera 111 botus-period typu UL 1 toro ot, UL 111111 obitoa L 117 obratloo trdi et loda 131 torrent 111 Vep 17 17, 15,4 Vett, 4T 11, 10 Vain BL IL A 111 atmopher K KH wichte H Me ol, rotato cl, 54 w Korisce , HN temperare, 17 trutt of 5 YAT OL, LAS Vence, 104, 109 111 Vorro, JL 16 olada (6,30 Fwpah, 11 140 U Nanl Obertratory 11. 110 Dalrerne oati of 106-107 (In an My Way galacto km) Urm., 36 SL 51, 01 bricatpol, 61 discovery ot, 11 dance of 61 retrotrade taotion of 3 Naimisa, 11 Fortha 4, 01 Urs for 21 34 16,11 44 135 Und tror 12 31 T Tartale Star Obwu, Ameri can Asociation 4 134 135 17 Weth 110 111 Wtrpool A, 146 Latth. 1, 11 11 Leith distor 191 Erro bolat, 185 zero hor 161, 111 zodiac 1434 Boxeal band 155 Lodleaal om 12, 161, 161 Every amateur astronomer will want thche thrco famous MENTOR looks LTE OR Oma Porn by Il Spencer Jones (1039) DOCT THE Eam by Goor Contow (101) Tor VOLD OF COMENKUL (Sun, Sund The Sun) by Aru Arndage (116) Feloon your comments about any XCT of Honor boot well us your restlos for my spelon II dkt dort when the broke you want, you tout order them by wall pictoring the likt pricephe Son to cover medicos Send lor copy of complet colaborae. The New Atzerku Library of World Line tort, loc 501 xbon A K Narv

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·DAN M 17 177 til 3 16! IL 901 standard, 116 111 Mmmor IA universal 11 177 one time 11, 111 119 Tita $$ $1 Tourn, it. 41 Thanxtt 106 111 Trapelum, 141 Travel trink, 117 THANGulum, 33 33 Tria ul Ausle 1,6 Trid Nabar, . 146 141 Tritor 1 Trople of Capca 4 Troplo or Cartkorn, 17 10 TUL, 41 16 IT Tunne 140 Totti' Corzet, 36 Twolctat 137 132 Tycho, To 12, 74 Tyoho mar (1372) 132 U UA. Nanul Obernatory 116 Unverne, outline 4 11 181 (kte als My Way ruletko THD) Unn, 30 31, 31, 61 bricht 1 dimorony ol, $ duotanou nad ise ol 61 trofrece colloca mtarit ol, 61 urteon of, 41 Ung Melor 21 % 24,37 14 137 Unn Mhor 13 11. JI Y 1 Kers (4 121-137 che, 134-131 131 daritos 121 elov top 131 Composition at JI1, 113 deflation , 111 dritheo 1 1 Nat 136 frequency 111 lons parlod trpe 13L 11. mtwo ot, 131 132, 131, Dmthon B, IST obomatoe trchako Netlode of, 111 temperor 111 Vem, 17 33 33 18 Vek 17 4L, TO Von 31 12 7 117 Rtboorphoto of ILH wistmas cha ol, X relation L 54 IN 104 do 48 tethpentrs of, 57 innatto 65 Voility of, $51 Vemte, 10L 109 118 tro, SL Van 1, Vopol 1 TV-bh, 111 111 ripod debate, 111 Landt, 1 116 Luith data 101 Zero, boolule, 165 Leto bear 111 111 Lodiac, 16 34 Lordlant bent185 Zodiant 32, 117, 169 Variable A Obwrver Aneri un Arolatlon ( 114 135 13T Evory amatcur astronomer will want Urcsc tlırco famous NIENTON looks Ln On Otr Vottu by 1 Spencer Jones (109) DIOCIATIT OF THE EARTH by Gewne Gano (U11) TOE WORD Or COPANICUS (Sez, sand Thoo wa) 67 suru Amiego (116) welcoole you coments about way KNIT or NOITOH book u well us your rea lor com 1 piata. Il To dealer does not have ale booke out, you may order them by peil excloelog the lbx pricaplos 5c a copy to commentate Send ler copy (ror complet Caldogne, The New Aneka Librer 1 World Lam tare, Inc., 501 Blade A Car New York, New York ·Ibu Vin Wito Cum hrvath n f Hrisme Crater, near Como Dahl, Anoves on how out on to the poor and the portban hon hoch khered to bere irated from the worth orth anh of the world the anko Tk We made about so het boter les martor r b the Porond the app Front peal, We Me preth BI B ·Mate !! AS MAMONT Rixo, 1kwell Loorn Rbur Ad ulan LTATS In tekempe it neer je we Dohr The J a large inefrumrat l be complet Aractoral catal re Tohle a the 19th morte var lo be phuldhe 1 Ohm GT) عنه 1 Mate VII TI Torty FLX ArmiLA tbtu lehte

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·Plate 11 Hun Court Hak sa of the larport of 11 uued te cotort had a proportional Large Picke Non b the porc mapa. Lart men i 1010, the contr mal return to th Arth ab un 1968 Pomis Obut Norto store ( Caribe frere Plate 171 Jormua The orice alt hitt plant in the wolr Antik bete buck hita IT hamutorial bs in the trud niet-thung der Lk Actual The atmryhete compared I dondh ar tetrh low leereturra (HI Hier Ravi) ·T The Great crat 161 montti rrkbotto word n hrdutead lucuka. palad Them beturound Put Tree a terk Sank Act V ron whitebe Creu C 41 40 p The dend TABEL an item 11 onder Produddit MAILI Rwink, Land ·1 Mate 111 Hun LOH Halles or I the largest olik naked eye cotorte had a proportionate barpe Dockor shown to the phone mph Last um 1010, the count not return to the arth wat ontl 1046. koloru hy her Obse HieriIstrahu co Coriade from 1 rat VTI JOn The ute of Ini Co, Lelled by looxk bat tratand by int mc-chon detech Actually the thoughere comel 1 & the ar at time or Intres (VIHR outer ·Lk Truth Wat The Great at ini end - to cucor All och palad Di dettate dodhte . res CY 1 Olt com we botrord here to be Great CORT in osu kod pockettpad , de Total om 11 thanh da te Primdra u Rumu ·Plate 171 Hin' (ONIT Hare hop of the largest of the naked Te comes bad a proportional larte Dacket, bon to the prota mpo Lu Ma A 1910, tbls com not retumt artb stalo 99 1976 Pbomen hy Porto Cert Norte Adred (• Condade In Mate 1011 Jomo Te urce 1 Jortier LT plant the w SYHC, beled by Hourl bicho hartoured mn 1 -d mer-Cupom deuih. Actually the there is composed I donde ani mremte ne Irmpul (HI Hin Otrum) ·Su | Tin OM The Great or 1111 to Land at the 7 ott odd n baru in Trw ther (Le Send Sen ; many / 11 Pomo mu Orted here in the Seat Cord un ad noted the cortar & Tribal ta merasa sed core f 11 ardone 1 7 0 Jo . * et produk 1 petits mind ·Mate 171 Jun COMT Hanne of the barrout of the maled y coorts had a proportioon barre Docteur, both the place mph, Lay kto ho 1010, ibla copeta Roreton to the marth it to Ilhament hy Port Obvy tuorlo strahu co Cardiothe, Art i) Mat 1710 JUHD The uice Jopiter bir planet to the ou Vem, k bitted Lyouth bach r bonitorid batkat ner-chamo detalk Anwally the impone composed i det ar tatimet e lempenale (VI NA

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·t. 4r 1 140 11 12 con Ruand mountains, wretchen I bartea plus deep they n honorab tutor for the roub hem ſalute Iibe luta wurde shown to this pict re of the south pola opon the moon H memut the puk An Obrni) ·* Att 0 WH na pohon het water - ut ! te on an forte Date the rewut prdecotat on the barriere rets pro (Obstralo da ·-- keine lut 11 ito (artri Rund mountains Artice i ne plin, derp natrys perable mter for all the roort en tot the hear Arla ar shows in the picture the mouth pola moon f the moon mm It keerut ibe pok (141 HR Obut)

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·mate 11 RIX ['ZAAIT The large planet Satom indra > Jlentore Bloggin at Arret Tuah th neart the nithe opening f the ropa en from the rth Dindow of the nnet merent nd hot be abdi man of the outer ring betted and qolled mea De f the plained the darket polar the irtetulette the bachan I the planet on the hors detail in the patet ex are me 1 the 1 for obrerr H Flat 11! ASOL The mud Imeand the one of the April 1030 san Yet som The barrest grote bext que OCTIT A TOs the race but therth strull dam art (NIJE Obitat)