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JULY, MDCCCLII.
SAUNDERS
MONTHLY MAGAZINE
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ALL INDI.1.
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VOLUME IMNUMBER IX.
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·SAUNDERS' MỞNTIL MAGAZINE. wa No. IX.] JULY, 1852. (Vol. I. CONTENTS FOR JULY. PAGE. w *.... MY UNCLE Ben's COURTSTIPS, 603 ON THE Civil ADMINISTRATION OF THE PUNJAB, 615 A Montil's Manch WITH THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL's Camp, IX TILE COLD SEASON OF 1851, 626 ORIGIN AND PRESENT STATE OF TIIE CONTINGENT FORCES" OF TIIE SEVERAL NATIVE GOVERNMENTS, 636 STANZAS, 644 LINDENSTOWE-A TALE, 645 UNDECE PTION, 656 MARY OF BURGUNDY, 657 Kossutu's LAMENT FOR HUNGARY, 672 RETROSPECTIONS OF A YOUNG MAN; BEING THC ANTECE- DENTS OF FREEMAN, OF THE 76SH B. N. I., RELATED BY HIMSELF, 674 DETACHED THOUGHTS, 683 ANSWER TO THE ENIGMA IN No. VIII., 684 ............ ... ti SELECTIONS AND TRANSLATIONS.-How to become a Painter.-A Father's advitse to his Son.... ..ccxxix to ccxl 10 .

·TO CONTRIBUTORS. " UNCLE Ben's Courtships" will be continued in our next. The article on "Indian Railways" is declined with thanks. « Catamaran Jack," under consideration. “ Martin Shuttlecock," will appear in No. X. The paper on " Physiognomy and Phrenology" shall appear shortly. "A Chapter of Stray Thoughts on Arts," shall have our early attention.

·TER! PUBLK LIBRARY 1359 SAUNDERS' MONTHLY, MAGAZINE: 3 nwuN No. IX.1 nown JULY, 1 8 5 2. minimum (Vol. I. MY UNCLE BEN'S COURTSHIPS. CHAPTER VI. If my Uncle had been young Messrs. Treacher and Co.'s, nor and foolish, he might perhaps to Mr. Horseleech's, but took up have incontinently put an end to his quarters at the Byculla Club. his sufferings, with "a bare bod For a time he remained solitary kin," or a dose of arsenic, and and taciturn, dining alone, shunthereby, at a considerable person- ning the billiard-table, and real sacrifice, leaped coals of fire inarkable chiefly for taking long on the .head, and planted a life walks on the race-course, with long canker in the heart, of the his hands under his coat-tails, faithless Seraphina. If he had and his eyes intently, fixed upon been middle-aged and mercenary, the ground. Then he gradually he might probably have repaired brightened up, became companito the office of my estimable onable by degrees, and at length friend, Humphrey Horseleech, allowed himself to be persuaded Esq., Attorney-at-law, and taken to join Colonel Quibble, of the a legal opinion (price three gold Engineers, and Messrs. Loch mohurs) on the question, whether Lomond and Ben Nevis, of the an action would lie against Miss Civil Service, at an evening whist Grubbins, for breach of promise. party. From that time forth, my But being elderly, unromantic, Uncle was himself again. and well-to-do in the world, he About a month after his arrivvesolved, after calm reflection, to al in Boinbay, the worthy old genpocket his disappointment, and tleman was seated in his little forget, as soon as possible, the room at the Club, in his dtessinginconstant fair one, who had so gown and slippers, reading a spizrievously deceived him. He rited editorial attack in one of the repaired, therefore, neither to morning papers upop & rival local VOL. I.NO. IX, B ·604. i My Uncle Ben's Courtships. them. journal, when his servant entered, think him rather a bore. He gives and laid on the table before him, very fair dinners, however, and a rather dirty and crumpled chit, has a supply of prime cheroots, the bearer of which, it appeared, which he dispenses liberally to though requested to wait for an his friends. About the Secretaanswer, had slipped off in a sus riat clerks, at prescurt only eleven picious manner, immediately after in number, incarcerated in this delivering the missive. place, I need say nothing. Poor The hand-writing of this myswretches ! they seem sadly in terious letter might have been want of employment, and a few taken for that of Nepoleon on the chects of footscap, and a bundle eve of a battle --it w such a of quills, would be a blessing to wild, irregular, and illegible kind of scrawl. But my Uncle Ben, had no sooner decyphered the Mrs. Grubbins is not here; first line, than he at once knew neither is Angelica. Think you, the writer. The cpistle ran as my dear old friend, that I would follows: allow them to accompany mc to Bombay Jail, Friday. such a locality? They have both come to Boinbay, in order to be MY DEAR BALDERSON, Here near at hand, should I requiro I am, cayed at last, as the tiger their kind offices; bit within said, when caught in a trap, in a these walls thay shall not cnter, fit of somnambulism. Grabbed, as permanent residents. Will my dear boy, and in the hands of you call upon them? I cnclose the Philistines. It is not the their address. You were always first time I've boen herc, for, as a kind friend to Mrs. Grubbins, you are aware, about three years and she lovol you as a brother, since, I Never mind the or a son. You were also inost past! Jang care, say I. There altantive to Angelica, and she has are worse places in India than not forgotten you. Wore this last this, I can tell you. Liberty is flower of my domestic circle taken circumscribud, it is true, but one away from me, I fear I should has fresh air, apartments comfort not survive th, blow; but inis 1. able, though small, and a nive must say, that the man who gets little circle of society. Sidncy Angelica for a wife, will be tlic Fitz William Smythe, of II. M. most fortunate in India. She is is here, in all his glory; also no heartless coquette-no fickle young Twitchet, of dhe Artillery, flirt-but a frank, honest-hearted and a devilish fine fellow named girl, possessing many accomplish- Alick McSwelter, à merchant, ments, and imbued with the fullwho sings admirably, and seems est sense of her high social pointimately acquainted with the sition. Ah, my dear Balderson, private history of all the principal if I could spare her, and if you people in the Presidency Besides were successful But these, there is a dismissed Ma a truce to all this. Come and dras officer who plays on the flute dine with the to-morrow. I'll in- ( regularly From daybreak to noon, troduce you to Smythe, and and , then, drinks brandy-paw Twitchet, and McSwelter. Also 'pee from nown till bed time. We to the Madrassec. And after 1 ·My Uncle Ben's Courtships. 605 i dinner, we'll take a turn in the ming a lively modern air, was compound, and talk of old times. heard, and a young fellow in a Ever your's, shooting-coat, a curiously-shaped “ CALEB GRUBBINS." morning hat, and flannel trousers, entered the room, cracking a large “B. BALDERSON, Esq., C.S." hunting-whip as he came. My Uncle was naturally a "Ah, Patter," said my Uncle' kind-hearted man, though a little "is it you?" lofty and imperious in his ideas ; Patter was a Lieutenant in but it is a fact, that when he had H. M.- Regiment, one of that finished the perusalof this friend happily large class, who are curly communication, he tore it in rently knox'ri as “the bost felpicces very deliberately, and lows alle." He was well known threw the fragments out of the on the turf; a member of the window, accompanying the act • Yacht club; a capital amateur with a steady, prolonged whistle, actor ; a cricketer whose batting which was very significant. was prodigious, and whose bowl- " Oh dcar no !" quoth he, so ing none could withstand ; a firstliloquising. « Not in that quarrate billiard player ; a graceful ter. Old birds-Burnt child and expert dancer of the polką; ren-Proud as Lucifer, and not a remarkable singer, both in the much better looking. Besides, comic and sentimental line; a public scandal, and all that sort master of repartee; an udiniraof thing. Not so easily caught, ble collector and circulator of gos. my dear Major." sip; a favorite with the ladies Muttering thus, 'my Uncle a man who had many friends, and strode up and down the room always knew what to do with. heaved a deep sigh or two-look- himself. ed at himself in the glass--ran “ Well, old boy," said Patter, his fingers through his scanty grey with a fanıiliarity that in any one hair-and every now and then else might have offended the pride renewed his knowing whistle, as of my Uncle Ben what's the much as to say: " You're an art news this morning ?. Give me a ful dog, Grubbins, but you must cup of tea. These late hours get up very early in the morn don't at all answer. ing to take me in." till three o'clock this morning at There is nothing perhaps more Wigan's, and rose at tive to give pleasing to the human mind than my new horse a gallop round the the conviction of one's sagacity course. Two hours' sleep! and in detecting and baffling the de now I have a day full of businesssigns of another. Wy Uncle felt before me ; calls to make, shops intensely gratified at his own to visit, diffin at Jackson's, recleverness in seeing through the hearsal in the evening, and Ball at transparent Major, and was so Parell at ten to-night! Really, overjoyed by the contemplation Baldersgn, to get through such of it, that he threw himself back a life as mine, requires an iron in his chair, and indulged in a man, a positive machine, a thing deep internal chuckle of delight. of springs that never track, and Ilis mind was still busy with wheels that never tire !* They the subject, when a voice, hum talk of idleness being the root of 66 I was up ·606 My Uncle Ben's Courtships. But we Now, all evil in India ; but I declare it! I forget the name. A deuced that from sunrise to midnight, fine fellow, I believe, with the I have not a moment's leisure ; courage of a lion, though he and if I were to judge from my had only one eye, and was rather want of peace and quiet, I should scarred about the face. have to confess myself a monster may afford to lose sych men now of iniquity, for there's no rest for and then, when they leave such the wicked, they say !" widows ! Major Walsingham 6. You are a victim to your Spread deserves a testimonial for good nature, Patter," said my dying, I think; for really she Uncle. "So you are going to the * a superb «crcature; and if I Ball ?" were a marrying man, Balderson, Going !" replied the man of which you kyow I'm not-by -business, “I should never hear the sacred Piper! there's not <3 the last of it if I were to stay woman on the wide earth I'd ra. away. I am already engaged ther propose to, than this magfor polkas and waltzes without nificent dame. She has the eyes number, and would show you the of a gazelle, the throat of a swan, list, but that I've left my note the form of Juno! You never saw book at home. Balderson, her equal." if you really do wish to make a “ I fear," remarked my Uncle, conquest, come to Parell with me. with a complacent smile, “you I know twenty or thirty such intend to be my, rival after all !". charming girls! And besides, I'll “ No! honor bright," said Patintroduce you to the wonderful “ I haven't money enough widow, Mrs. Walsingham Spread, to marry ; nor time enough, for about whom all Bombay is talk that matter; so, if you enter for ing, and who is every where ac the prize, it may be a' walk over,' knowledged to be the most superb as far as I am concerned. Shall I creature that ever glided across call, and drive you out to-night?" a ball-room." My Uncle accepted Lieutenant My Uncle blushed faintly, as Patter's offer ; and shortly afterbecame hin, after so pointed an wards that voluble gentleman finallusion to his matrimonial aims. ished his cup of tca, and took a “Yes," said he, “I've no objeg hasty departure, declaring that he tion to go: who is Mrs. Spread ?" had more work on his hands than “Mrs. Walsingham Spread," the Governor and all the Members cried Patter, with deprecatory em of Council put together, (which phesis. “Oh, she's the widow may possibly have been the case,) of an officer of the Nizam's service, and requesting Mr. Balderson who died ten months since, fight, kindly to exsuse him if, considering the battles of his country ing the numerous claims on his or rather, the Nizam's country- attention, he should chance to be at a place they call Hang a little late that evening. ter ; C ·My Uncle Ben's Courtships. 607 CHAPTER VII. 2 It was rather late when Messrs. her daughter was listening, with Patter and Balderson arrived at an approving smile, to "soft non- Parell. Tha fountain before the sense" from the lips of a man old door of Government House was enough to be her father. The throwing up its spray, which glit- fine music, the dazzling light, tered in the rays of light stream the splendour of uniforms and ing from the illuminated mansion. dresses, the low sound of sweet Strains of music, to which tin, voices, and the pleasant odour of feet were evidently keeping time, the faintis-perfumed air, had, struck the ears of our two friends together, a curious effect upon as they entered. There was not , my Uncle Ben. He began tổ a soul upon the broad marble feel quite young again, and exstair-casc, except the motionless perienced an involuntary desire figures of the scarlet peons, who to dance! stood like statues, as the guests Patter had left Mr. Balderson passed by. But when Messrs. almost as soon they entered the Balderson and Patter had ascend room, in order to give the news ed the stairs, the dazzling scene of the day, to his large circle of which the ball-room presented ap acquaintance, and perform some peared almost like the magic cre of those numerous engagements ation of some Eastern Prospero. to which he had alluded in the There was a perfect hlaze of light. morning as being inscribed in his Officers in handsome uniforms memorandum book. But before were dancing the polka with fairy- doing so, he had introduced my like creatures in pink, and white, Uncle to the superb Mrs. Wal. and blue. Here and there, dis-.. singham Spread ; and that lady tinguished Civilians were talking now sat immediately opposite him, earnestly (about something, or and there was a vacant place beside nothing, as the case might be to her; and he thought it would be ponderous Brigadiers. On the a pleasant and agreable thing to • damask couches, in various parts have a few minutes' conversation of the room, sat fair young girls, with the fair widow. and anxious mothers, and decided Mrs. Walsingham Spread was dowagers. 'In one place, jewels of a lady of let the blank price were seen on arnis that lent remain ; 'twould be impious to them beauty, and graceful wreaths fill it up She had grand surmounted brows of classic love masses of black hair, lustrous liness. In another, Ladies of an un dark eyes, a skin as fair as alacertain age displayed doubtfulroses baster, and a bloom so perfect and on cheeks where Time had written so constant, that her enemies said his records, and vainly endeavour she ronged. Her figure would ed to compensate for the loss of have been faultless, but for a youth by that profusion of adorn decided Jendency to embonpoint. ment which Beauty requires not. She wore an elegant satin dress, Within a few yards, my Uncle be which sometimes seemed pink, held an over-dressed wife, flirting sometimes lavender, to the bewilwith a young Cavalry officer, while dered, eyes of my 'Uncle, and ·608 My Uncle Ben's Courtships. " that " he is a which was made 80 full," “She is wretchedly thin, and it occupied nearly the whole of has a most unmeaning giggle." the couch where she was sitting, Very much 80 indeed, and left only a little corner for ma'am." Mr. Balderson to squeeze in. " Her husband seems a nice- When Mrs. Walsingham Spread looking young man, smiled, she displayed a set of "Why, I don't know," returned pearly teeth, of which two, her my Uncle, not at all relishing this cnemies said, had been supplied praise of his late rival: by the dentist ; but all of which, great dandy, and by no means my Uncle could swear, were care- clever. But aee; they are prefully fashioned by the hand of Na- paring for a waltz. Allow me ture. Such a smile it was ! 80 the honor of dancing with you ?" arch, so playful, so tender, so full My Uncle Ben stood up with of meaning ! Such a destructive the fair widow, and when his smile! He saw at once how it hånd touched her waiſt, felt the would be. He could no more re most indescribable of all possible sist the charms before him, than sensations. Just as they started the forest-tree could resist the off, Patter passed him, and gave lightning his arm an encouraging pinch, " What an enchanting scene !" which re-assured himn amazingly ; said my Uncle. and, though he had not waltzed “A noble ball, sir," returned before for a gool ten years, enathe superb widow: " yet there are bled him to get through the dance times when, even in a place like with great credit, and without this, one feels no pleasure." coming into collision with any My Uncle was about to enquire of the numerous couples gyratwhat times, but cre the words ing around mhiin in dangerous came to his lips, Mrs. Walsing- proximity. ham Spread moved her beautiful Then the superb widow and hcad quite close to his car, and my Uncle sat down, and obseryasked, in a half whisper, “ Who is ed, and talked about, the various that black-ayed girl in the ill-fit- people in the room. There was ting pink dress, sitting near the a popular, and rather dandified, Governor ?" Member of Council, --a vastly Mr. Balderson looked in the polite little man, whom peoplo direction indicated, and an extra might have deemed under the ordinary cold thrill shot through delusion that he had not only llim. It was Mrs. Lolish! been endowed with all the graces " That is-a newly-niarried of Apollo, but presented with the lady-of the name of Polishi," elixir of perpetual youth. By stammcred he : “ her husband his side was a graff old Naval is a member of our service, officer, an Indian incarnation Acting First Assistant Collector of Hawser Trunnion, marching at about as' though he were on his “ I don't think her pretty ; do own quarter.deck. Speaking earyou ?" said the enchanting widow. nestly to a pretty-looking woman "Ok deur no, not at all," re in blue, was an eminent judicial plied my Uncle, in great confu- functionary, an old-young man in sion. a neat brown wig, wonderfully ·My Uncle Ben's Courtships. 609 fond of speech-making, and who registered a vow in Heaven never had a great reputation for gallan to marry, and felt, in her prescnce, try; and, I believe, deserved it. almost tempted to commit perjury. Bowing and smiling in all direc My Uncle danced again ; it was tions, was a celebrated Scotch a quadrille this time, and shortphilosopher, with his head full of ly afterwards he had the ineffable storms, and meteors, and magnet delight of escorting Mrs. Walsingometers, and geological strata, ham Spread to the supper-rooin. and Heaven knows what. And The lady took the smallest possible there was the celebrated Doctor sandwich-the smallest possible Zephyr, who had earned immor-, ice-cream-and the smallest postal fame as a sort of Grand Mas sible glasg of champagne. My ter of Ceremonies at the presiden Uncle took-nothing ! He gazed cy: a gentleman, without whose upon the superb form before him, aid no place of public entertain- and felt his heart vanish-gradument could be properly decorate ally vanish-till, in the strange deed, and no ball properly given, lirium•of his sensations, he could always excepting those at Govern have knelt down before her, there, ment House. Among the ladies, upon the mats, and besought her, my Uncle and his charming com for the sake of Heaven, to give panion particularly remarked Mrs. him some hope. Prunella, once the wife of a Con A heavy slap on the back, ductor, but now the gayest of the brought the worthy old gentlegay, and the proudest of the proud. man to his senses. It was Patter, She had three daughters, two of standing beside him with a midwhom had married officers of the dle-aged lady, who attacked some Army, and the other was rescrv jelly, immediately, with indescribed for a wealthy Civilian. Mrs. ablc voracity. Prunella was wondrously stout, , “ Well, Patter," said my Unand of an age that usually forbits ele," how have you enjoyed yourgaiety ; but she made a point of self ?" never missing a ball, and spent Pretty well," answered Patthree-fourths of her time in visit ter. " I need not ask you tliat ing people who despised her, and question. Everybody knows you pronounced her (behind her back) have made yourself excessively dhe greatest bore on earth. An happy." other notable person was Mrs. “Everybody ?" said my Uncle, O'Keefe, a lady with a red face, puzzled. and a most hideous head-dress, Why, xes," returned Patter, who prided herself upon her in dropping his voice to a whisper ; tellectual acquirements; and on everybody thinks it's a scttled the strength of some Oriental thing. You've danced with her, tales in an English periodical, had walked with her, talked with her, the presumption to think herself and brought her down to supper. an authoress. Several flirtations Not a yord have you exchanged were in progress; and one little with airy other lady the whole girl, with most dangerous cyes, evening. The next step's matrisat in a far-off corner, practising mony, of course, witchcraft, for it was nothing else, To use a nautical phrase, my upon a legal gentleman, who had Uncle felt decidedly taken ·610 My Uncle Ben's Courtships. aback" by the suddenness of this suaded to go upstairs again, just private announcement. He half for half an hour ? Really, Mr. blushed, quite stammered, said Balderson was very pressing, but something without meaning, and this time he must excuse her. only recovered himself when Pat Should my Uncle see her to her ter, with a sly look, moved off to carriage ? Indeedy, he was very speak to an A. D. C., who was kind, and she would thankfully sailing up at that moment with avail herself of his politeness. A a fat, unengaged spinstere upon dark green brongham, with grey each arm. horses. Ah! that was it. Might Would Mrs. Walsingham Spread the arrange ber shawl ? Take return to the Ball-room? Oh dear care of the steps. Good night! no ; it was quite out of the And the door of the brougham question. Her health was by no was slammed to; Mrs. Walsingmeans good ; and in the delicate' ham Spread gave my Uncle & state of herlungs, it was absolute farewell glance of those killing ly necessary for her to be oareful, eyes; off started the horses ; and and avoid late hours as much as Mr. Balderson stood gazing at the possible. Wouldn't she be per- fountain, like one bewildered. CHAPTER VIII. The general tone of society in topics which all enjoy in common, Bombay is not particularly cle there are scarcely any, except the vated. Among gentlemen be campaign for the time being, the longing to the Services," it re weather, and a few local gaities, lates too exclusively to what is such as theatricals, races, or retermed the " shop." Your mi gatta. The news of a change litary man loquaciously enlarges of Ministry at home excites far on the," Line step," and other'lessuinterest than a change in the chances of promotion, or disdain Secretariat ; and the French coup fully discusses some unlucky-lucky d'élat itself is felt to be reduced fellow'squalifications for the Staff, to insignificance by the coup which into which Interest has pitch removes a popular Resident from a forked him, to the detriment of Native Court. Among the ladies, better men. Your Civilian garhowever, there is a greater variety rulously dilates on the decisions of topics in circulation. For exof the Sudder Judges, and is anx ample : Lady Yarmouth's ball, iously solicitous as to the con and Mrs. Methven Methven's dinstruction to be placed on the hun ner party. Who is coming out dred and forty-ninth section of the and who is going home. Who is hundred and thirty-third Regu about to be married ;'and who will lation of 1827. Your Naval offi shortly contribute to the news of cer talks for an hour on the com the month, under the head of“ Doparative merits of the H. Co.'s MESTIC OCCURRBNCES-BIRTHS. Steam Frigate Tortoise " and the Whether Miſs Smythe has not, H. Co. Steam Packet Snail, and for the last three months, been laughs to scorn the fabulous per carrying on a decided flirtation formances of the P. and O. Com with Mr. Browne. Whether Mr. pany's Steamer Lightning. Of Of Browne ought not to propose to ·My Uncle Ben's Courtships. 611 And so on. To see oursels as others see as " Miss Smythe ; and if not, why sional advent of some other equesnot. What extremely beautiful trian acquaintance, and the consesilk, Meeajee has just imported ! quent fidgettiness of the uneasy galloway, which would then put Now at the period of time its head rudely into the barouche, whereof this chapter treats, Bem or turn about till it got one of my bay society had got a new sub Uncle's legs involved in the spokes ject of discourse, and rejoiced of a wheel. Burns says-and has therein exceedingly. This sub been lauded for saying: - ject was my Uncle Ben's adora- O, wad some power thạ giftie gle wa, tion of the magnificent widow, The place was dull. The Go But I feel certain that were vernor had gone off to the hiųs. any suck' " giftie" conferred upon The theatre was closed. People poor mortals in their present im: had given all their parties for the perfect state, one-half of them season. Society felt blasée-used would die of sheer vexation, and a up-when just at the moment a large proportion of she remainder new excitement was wanted, my turn into new incarnations of Dio. Uncle was fortunate enough to genes. The poet never made, a supply it, and enjoyed for a time greater mistake than in asking for the distinguished honor of being 80 fatal a boon. What would be " the observed of all observers". the sensation of the forward, affectof having his motions watched, his ed flirt, or of the faded and sour appearance criticised, and his in old maid, could she see herself as tentions guessed at--and of being others see her? Would she not often conversed with by ladies shrick forth her horror, and call fair, and by male tormentors, for herself the victim of a vile delu. the express purpose of extracting sion? And what, is it supposed, something from him that would would my Uncle Ben have done, afterwards furnish food for satite if all of a sudden he could have and ridicule. Mrs. Walsingham seen himself, in his matchless ab- Spread rode out in a very showy surdity, making love in the open barouche, with yellow wheels, air to a coquettish widew, and drawn by a grand, pair of bay opening upon her an extraordina- Arabs with sweeping tails ; and my battery of smiles, smirks, and po sooner did her conspicuous grimaces, that appeared all the equipage arive on the green in stranger from the honest old genthe evening, than my Uncle's tleman's face not being accustomed undignified form would be seen to such an exhibition? I solemn. approaching, mounted ly thidk he would have expired stout galloway of yeasy action, of mortification on the spot, if ho and bobbing up and down, could have had a clear perception half from excitement, and half of the comical figure he must have from the motion of the animal. cut on these occasions! For a good hour would Mr. Bal One evening, my Uncle Ben was derson be observed beside the at his post as usual, by the side of widow's carriage, talking with the large barouche, with the yelwonderful boldness, considering low wheels; ande on the opposite the awful nature of her chatms, side, mounted on a very tall chargand only interrupted by the occa er, Wes Doctor Dennis O'Flum- VOL. I.NO, IX. on • 2 ·612 My Uncle Ben's Courtships. mery, of H. Man Irish gen- easy galloway,--the Doctor actleman who, my Uncle feared, was companying her on his tall charger, paying rather too much attention and also finding a horse for my to the widow. Uncle Ben: Mrs. Walsingham Spread began You may imagine that Mr. to admire my Uncle's galloway; Balslerson was in considerable which made the Doctor smile, as flutter of agitation, when the aushe could not for a moment imagine picious moment at length arrived, there was anything serious in her and he found himgelf trotting by encomiums., the side of Doctor O'Flummery, Really," said she, "he is a ap to the shady little bungalow very nice little creature, What a occupied by the fair widow. You beautiful tail! and whala noble may imagine that his agitation mane! My health is too delicate, considerably increased when, turn- I fear, for horse exercise ; but if' ing into the compound, he and his anything could tempt me to ride, companion descried the song-tailed I declare it would be just such a galloway standing by the door, sweet dcar love of a poney as that!" and the beautiful widow patting My foolish Uncle was just on the his neck with her fairy hand, and point of offering the galloway to encouraging him with her sweet Mrs. Spread as a present-horse, voice. My Uncle, I believe, wishsaddle, bridle, and all-when the ed he could exchange places with Doctor said, looking very hard at the galloway! However, he went Mr. Balderson: up, and helped the Doctor to as- "Are ye sure he doesn't kick, sist her to mount; and this made sir ?" him more agitated than ever. "Not a morsel,"Teplied my Un Poor Mr. Balderson: the touch of cle. that waist again ; how it threw his “Nor run away?" whole nervous system into palpi- "Not a bit.' tauion and confusion ! “Nor stumble, or shy ?" Did you ever, gentle reader, “Not an atom of either, I do chance to ride out with a timid assure you." lady, whose safety was particular- The Doctor then turned to the ly precious to you, and to whom fair widow, and said, with an ink you had lent your own horse, with sinuating brogue:- some inward misgiving as to its “Then I think ye may thry suitability to carry so tender a burhim." den? If you have ever been in Somehow or other, my Uncle such a position, you may be able did not like the directorial tone in to conceivę what my Uncle Ben which the Doctor spoke, for he felt, when, da striking off from the thought it quite enough that high road, and gaining the sands, O'Flummery should be the medi he observed his poney becoming cal adviser of his Angel, without unmistakeably "frisky," and the arrogating to himself the disposi- magnificent widow looking pale, tion of her other concemi. Still and appearing more and more he said Gothing, and it was then unsteady in her seat. Mr. Balarranged that, on the following derson was not the best of riders morning, Mrs. Spread should have himself ; and the Doctor had & ride on the sands upon the un not only provided him with a . &s ·My Uncle Ben's Courtships. 613 strange horse, but with a strange mischief. It unfortunately hapsaddle in addition, he began to pened that two or three of these find himself, as the pace increased, atrocious animals made a vigorous exceedingly uncomfortable. First dash at our equestrians as they one foot got out of the stirrup passed, and frightening the gallothen the other; and sometimes way upon which Mrs. Spread rode, the second foot got out before the set him off at a smart gallop tofirst had got in again. Then the wards Malabar Point, the lady confounded horse would throw up thereupon giving herself up for his head suddenly in Mr. Balder lost, and my Uncle holding his sons' face. And then the old gen-, breath, conscience-struck, and tleman would feel himself shifted wishing himself at the bottom of too far forward, or too far back, the sea. What should he do? threatening now to disappear over What would the Doctor advise? the animal's head, and now over 'What course did Courage point his crupper. The horse had a out? What step did Love demand long stride, high action, and a des of him? Such a host of conflict. perately hard mouth. The Doc ing emotions struggled in his tor appeared perfectly at ease on breast for mastery, that though he his own account, and only solici heard O'Flummery call out, at tous for the safety of the superb the top of his stentorian voice, widow. He kept on talking “ Sit firm, and hould tight !" he incessantly, to keep up her spirits, had no distinct conception of the as he said ; and ever and anon meaning of the words; and, like he cast a thundering black look a foolish old gentleman, after a at my Uncle Ben, upon whose moment's pause, le struck his reverend head he seemed inclined horse some fu lous blows, spurto visit all the sins of the frisky red him madly, and started off at galloway. Occasionally the lady, break-neck speed after the fair would utter a little short scream, • widow. when Mr. Balderson would steal How he kept his seat he knew a momentary glance at her, and not-nobody ever knew. As he observe the Doctor close by her overtook Mrs. Spread, and caught side, and hear him, say encourag sight of her pale face and flowingly : ing habit, her poney seemed to " Give him his head don't go faster and faster ; but at last hould the réins so tight; that's my Uncle, panting and perspiryour sort-now he'll go gintly." ing, was by her side-at last le However, the agony all this frantically seized the reins of the produced in my Uncle's mind was galloway-at last he was enabled destined soon to bar eclipsed by to assure her of her safety. Pregreater torture. Half-a-dozen mature assurance ! The horses playful dogs were careering about, caine into sharp collision : an agochasing each other, sometimes in nised scream shot through my Unone direction, sometimes in an cle's ear, a confused vision of blue other ; now wheeling round in riding-habit and white petticoat rapid circles, and anon turning off danced before his eyes, ana'in less at sharp angles, ---barking and than a inoment, he found himself yelping, too, as their blood got precipitated to the ground, with up, and their recreation portended his elbows stuck in the sand, and ·614 My Uncle Ben's Courtships. 6 You the beautiful widow lying motion- speak. Like the little boy who legs beside him ! has knocked down the glass globe 6 Merciful Heaven !" cried containing the gold fish, and poor Mr. Balderson, looking up smashed it to countless atoms, into the sky. " What a wretch I he felt himself the innocent auam ! I've murdered her !" thor of indescribable mischief, He had scarcely risen, and re and knew not what to do. paired to the succour of the fair “ Your company's not requirwidow, when the Doctor, who had ed, sir !" vociferated the Docwitnessed the accident from a tor, as he assisted Mrs. Spread short distance, galloped up in a wupon ber hose again. towering rage, and immediately may kill yourself as soon as ye dismounting, began to commise likse, but this lady is under my rate Mrs. Spread, and to load my protection, I'd have ye to knory, Uncle with reproaches-words of and be Jasus! ye shan't kill her !" abuse and tenderness being most And O'Flummery sprang into incongruously intermingled his saddle, and rode off with the “ Sure, sir, ye're a born idiot beautiful widow. she's dying, poor sowl! Ye can't My Uncle Ben still stood, menride any more than a pair of kitchen tally contemplating his wrecked tongs--now, me dear, you'll feel happiness and withered hopes ;- a little better. On my honor, Mr. still stood, until the sun sank be- Boulderson, I never saw such a neath the western horizon, and stupid ould fool in my life--now the brief Indian twilight, emblem rise, darlin', put your hand on me of his own short interval of joy ! shouldher. Remimber, ye idiot, stole gently over the scene ;-still that if she'd died,"it'd been mure stood, until the returning tide, dher!", dull and monptonous like his own Thusthe Doctor went on, un . prospective bachelor days, rolled til a couple of natives, who had' on, and on, and on, at length caught the horses, came up, when touching his feet ;--still stood, Mrs. Walsingham Spread opened until the native, who held his her splendid eyes, and murmur horse, growing impatient at his ing that she was not much hurt, inexplicable delay, came up, and, signified her intention of remount said a few words in Hindoostanee, ing, and returning home, "just that re-called him from the realmr at a gentle walk." of Fancy, to those of Reality, and My Uncle stood as one petri convinced him that it was time to fied. He could neither move nor go home to dinner.

·[ 615 ] ON THE CIVIL ADMINISTRATION OF THE PUNJAB. We propose, taking a glanceat was ill fitted to steer the vessel of the system of Civil government of the State through such troublous the provinces under the super times; and Raja Lal Singh, whose intendence of that body, yclept rise was solely owing to the fa- • The Board of Administration for vour of the Ranee, though wellthe Affairs of the Punjab ;' bute meaning, and anxious to avoid an before bestowing our meed of encounter with the British power, praise, or awarding our adverse was little better than a puppet juegment, it is advisablc, nay, in the hands of those who surimperative, to understand what rounded him. The Sutlej camwas the position of these pro paign ensued, and Lahore was vinces, previous to the annexa garrieched by British troops. tion,--at a time when jails and From the moment of their arbroken bottles, the tokens of the rival, till the time fixed for their progress of the English, as the withdrawal, all was confusion and witty Frenchman says, were not. discord: and when the stated pe- That much-vexed question of the riod had elapsed, the Durbar, Lawrence dynasty at Lahore, re finding themselyes totally unequires to be weighed with disa qual to carry on the administracrimination and care, bearing in tion, were constrained to apply mind what misrule existed pre for assistance, which was granted viously, and reflecting how far to them, on the well known conthe system introduced by them, dition of paying twenty-two lacs tended to put a stop to old abus yearly--for the expenses incurred es, and to save from finarxcial 'by our government. From this bankruptcy, a State whicho had time the interference of the Resibeen plundered and rack-rented, dent became more direct, and he through many years of anarchy. was necessarily comp Hed; by his It is well known that the ex position, to exercise a superintencesses of the Sikh soldiery, after dence over the various branches the murder of Maharajah Sher of government. He had a strong Singh, and the able Vazeer, Ra corps of assistants, some of whom ja Dhyan Singh, produced a mi were retained at Lahore, and the litary despotism which had a rest dispersed over the country, most dire effect on the well-being to aid the Sikh 'hákims' in their of the country. No one of the respective, jurisdictions. The old Sirdars of note, nor even the first aspect of affairs was melan- French Generals, Ventura, Court, choly enough. In the Durbar and others, had the will, or at any were tvso great factions,-one of • rate the power, to stem the tide Raja Tej Singh, a well-intentionof insubordination and insurrec- ed, but yneducated, and incomtion, which was paily spread- petent man, acting always acing itself over the land. Jowahir cording to the suggestions of his Singh, Ranee Jhunda's brother, confidant, Mol Singh, a' person a weak, cruel, and sensual ruler, of low,extraction, the other that ·616 On the Civil Administration of Dewan Deenanath, the able man who had sufficient intelliand unscrupulous financier of the gence and confidence in the mea- Punjab, whose emissaries and de sure, to carry it out efficiently. pendents were to be found in all The petitions given at Lahore parts of the country, and who, as were despatched to the adálutee, the referee and manager in all in whose jurisdiction the subjectrevenue matters, had immense in matter of the case referred to had fluence in the accounts. Sher arisen, and appeals from their Singh played second-fidille to orders were heard by the Chief these individuals; and the other Assistant to the Resident. The Sirdars, who formed part of the wgreater number of complaints council of regency, such as Shum made to the Resident were reshere Singh Sindhanwala, Utur garding revenue matters, such Singh Kaliawala, Fukeer Noor as over-assessment, and extortion ood-deen, &c., had but little voice on the part of the kárdárs, who in any State questions. The year collected the revenue' either by 1847 witnessed great changes in .butai' or 'kunkoot,' and fleeced the administration, and in many the zemindars unmercifully. It respects improvements. The cus was not an uncommon sight in tom dues, which were formerly those days to see two or 300 men very oppressive, were revised and from one part of the country, who lowered, and the taxes on the ne had come to Lahore, to cxclaim cessaries of life, to a great extent against the tyranny and oppresabolished altogether. A scheme sion of the Sikh officials, mobbing of judicial administration was de the Resident on his way to Durvised, and a code of laws com bar, and, with lighted torches, dispiled, which defined the authority playing in broad daylight, the of the adálutees and kárdárs, and darkness of the land. All this laid down rules for the adjudica-, required alteration ; and it was tion of criminal and civil cases.' determined to make a summary This set of rules was simple, and settlement for three years, of the without technicalities, -it being revenue of the country. This intended to uphold existing cus was accordingly done, and the retoms, as far as they were conso lief afforded to the zemindars was, nant with humanity and justice; great and speedy. It is not extra. and where it differed from them, ordinary that of these settlements, to ameliorate and improve them. the data for which were frequent- The design was benevolent, and ly, from the paucity of informacarefully planned, but the agents, tion, or the incorrectness of acto whom its execution was en counts, vague and uncertain, many trusted, were ill fitted for the have since shown great discrepanduties imposed on them. The cies: but when it is considered adélutees were-Sirdar Lehna that the whole of them were made Singh Mujeetia for the Baree in the cold weather of 1847-48, Doab, Sirdar Mungul Singh for that the amount settled was nearly · the Rechnab, Ram Sipg Julia a crore of rupees, and that the wasia for the Chuj, Lal Singh for greater number of these assessthe Sindhfagur, and Chutur Singh ments are still running on, it for the 'Huzara country. Of all must be confessed that the meathese, Lehha Singh was the only sure was of great service.

·Of the Punjab. 11917 All these things are on the the attempt to rise would have bright side of the picture; and it been made, whether Sir H, Lawmust be allowed that what could rence or Sir F. Currie were Resia be done by the Resident and his dent; but it would admit of argu- Assistants, was done with good will ment whether such an attempt and energy, and a sincere desire would have vexed itself into a both to improve the government, rebellion of the whole Punjab. and to ameliorate the condition of The restless spirit of the Ranee, the people. There was however a was ever on the qui vive, to rid strong antagonistic feeling on the itself of the trammels imposed on part of the Durbar, whose autho-, it. This able and unscrupulous rity was in a great measure cur woman, finding herself confined to tailed, and circumscribed by the a certain amount of expenditure, above innovations, which could and retaining little or no voice in only be carried out successfully the councils of the State, early by European agency. The din panted for extended authority, and minution of revenue, caused by struggled against her fallen posithe abolishment of the customs, tion. The Prema plot, the prime and the revision of the land-tax, mover in which was her private necessitated a stricter supervision moonshee, was her first demonof the accounts, which, bringing to stration. Whether there is any light gross mal-practices in the truth in the story of her having sent lavish profusion of the State her favourite slave girl as an emisincome, reductions of establish sary to Mooltan, 15 doubtful. It is ments ensued, which struck at the certain however that even when heart of the system of favouritism under surveillance at Shekhoo. and patronage, formerly in vogue. poora, she sch omed and plotted These proceedings however rais to recover her lost influence, and ed up a host of mal-contents. there were numerous evil-disposed Every Sirdat had relations, or spirits, ready to aid and abet her. friends, or dependents in the offices Suddenly, when all scemed to of Government, and was annoyed portend peace and quiet, and the and enraged at their dismissal. state of the country gave out- An uneasy feeling of discontent ward promise of future regeneraspread over the country, and dif tion, the Mooltan rebellion broke fused itself among the soldiery, out. The proceedings on the trial who, long agcustomed to insubor of Moolraj leave us in doubt whedination and self-rule, murmured ther the first outbreak was preat the irksome discipline which meditated. We believe ourselves they had to perform under the Eu that the Dewan had not the reropean officers. Several months motest intention of murdering our before this ill-feeling had grown unfortunate countrymen; nor into a head, Sir H. Lawrence had deed was there any positive proof departed for England. The book, shown that an insurrection was of which he had written the first contemplated. The Mooltan troops chapter, was taken up and conti were, it all probability, apprehennued by another hand, scarcely so sive of being reduced and disfirm and nervous as his ; and con banded ; and the advent of the tinuations are not always improve - Englishmen was to them an evil ments. We are convinced that token : that Moolraj gave them ·618 On the Civil Administration the cue, and urged them on, is tration of the new territory, formmatter of conjecture to the pre ed part of the former Residency sent day. We shall pass over staff. Five officers who were put We catastrophe, merely remarking in charge of districts, bad been that Agnew seems to have acted for some time previously in the unwisely, in not marching with country, and were well acquainted the Labore troops, on their pro with the people, and their hagress to Mooltan, in order to in bits and customs. The germs of spire confidence and trust in him the institutions introduced by the self, on the part of those who were Lawrences also existed ; and to assist him in the administration the Board, considering the vastof the Province. “Frank and un ness of the charge entrusted to suspicious himself, he cared not them, had comparatively an easy to think of the treachery of task in bringing things straight. others; and the consequence was; The crowds of European officers that on the first mutiny of the who came trooping up to Lahore, Mooltan rabble, he and poor An to take their share in the managederson found themselves alone, ment of the newly-acquired proand deserted. vinces, were distributed rapidly People have not yet made up over the country, without much their minds whether this first re thought or discrimination. Rebellion would have been crushed lays of camels were in readiness in the bud, had prompt mea to carry off Assistant' Commissures been takt.. We believe sioners thirsting for distinction, to ourselves that it would. We be places like Leia and Khangurh,- lieve that, had Sir H. Lawrence unknown paradises in the Ultima then been at Lahore, he would Thule of the country. Those who have himself proceeded to Mool came first, generally got the best, tan, with all the troops that were and those cane last, the available ; and we believe that worst districts. Moolraj would have surrendered. The districts themselves were We are not at all sure that the cut out rapidly, and without any contagion would have spread regard to Arnold's maxim, that a throughout the remainder of the river is not a good boundary in Punjab, had energetic measures all cases. Some were too small,' been taken at the commencemerit, some too large ; some too long, for the poison was several months some too wide ; and in many, the in reaching other parts of the central station was ill selected. country. The Peshawur troopa, The officers were by no means for instance, did not mutiny till always chosen with discrimina- October, five months afterwards, tion and judgment; and the rea pretty long trial for their cou sult was, that some turned out rage and steadfastness. We must complete failures. The least that however leave this vexata quæstio, could be expected from an offand return to the subject imme cer put in charge of a district in diately under discussion, At the which he was to exercise crimi. time of the annexation of the nal, civil, cand revenue functions, Punjab, it was fortunate that a would be the he should be able great number of the officers ap to instruct others in the essential pointed to: Assigt in the adminis parts of their duty : but this was wno ·of the Punjab. 619 certainly not always attained'; ing been deprived of all their and in those districts in which the former authority and influence, officers had not themselves the have also lost much of their necessary knowledge to carry on dependence; and the proud and their duties efficiently, the peo haughty Sikh Sirdar is constrainple were left a prey to swarms ed to adapt mself to the rule of greedy and unprincipled Hin and measure of the invader. We doosthanees. Unfortunately the believe that many years will not Punjabees had not that technical elapses before the names of the acquaintance with official matters Sindhanwalas and Majeetias will which would enable them to mas.. be unknown words; and that the ter the intricacies of our civil stubborn old chiefs, illiterate, and system, and the field was there unused to civilized habits, will forte open to worthless adventur disappear, and be supplanted by ers, the rejected of the North a race more pliable and ready to West Provinces, who being un adapt itself to European ideas. able, from rascality or stupidity, By sothe, this will be considered to procure a respectable liveli an advantage ; but it entails with hood in their own country, flock it the destruction of all ancient ed to the land of promise, to fat families : and though complacentten on its supposed riches. Hap- ly looked on in this country, is a pily this attracted attention, and system which, if applied in Engit is to be hoped that the Pun land, would exito a storin of jabees, who are quite as intelli- indignation in the school of Lord gent, and far more honest than the John Manners and Co. It is some- İlindoosthanees, will in future be what farcical to hear an English admitted to all the offices from Prime Minister talking of the which they have litherto, in a regeneration of India, and longgreat measure, been excluded by ing for the day when the natives the southern intruders. of the East may be entrusted viding for the servants of the with the government of their own former Sikh government, it must country. Doubtless the Sikh Sira be allowed some care was shown ; dars imagined they genamed the os a large number pfotle jagheer- Punjab just as well as we do, and daree horse, which were disband prhaps better : and in fact sel. od on the confiscation of the ja dom has an Indian state been gheers to which they were attach more efficiently ruled, than was ed, were enrolled in the local dis the land of the five waters in the trict sowars. The jagheerdars also time of, Runjeet Singh. To the were, on the whole, treated with higher classes, the Sirdars, the consideration, when we reflect old servantą of government, and that our government is always the head men of villages, the admore ready to resume, than to vent of our rule was distasteful, grant ; and condescends to lay because they saw in it the decline down rules, for the escheat of of their own superiority; and the petty religious tenures, which latter would often give 'vant to profit little, and the resumption their complaints, by saying "Why, of which is looked upon as cono here is so-and-so, who formerly temptible by natives. At the could not dare to sit down on the same time the jagheerdars hay same carpet with me, béarding me' VOL. I.NO. 1X. In pro- ·620 On the Civil ddministration no to my face, and setting himself up ple to the verge of rebellion, and as being quite as good as myself caused them to cry out for the iour village community." It aid of the English; but we do was the policy of the Sikh go not think that such are to be vernment to patronize and pet taken as the standard by which the more influential zemindars, in all native governments are to be order to ensure the realization of measured. We are commonly so the revenue ; but in the more di wrapped up in the contemplation rect supervision which takes place of the perfection of our own sysunder the English revenue sys tem, that we are insensible to its tem, the authorities are in no defects. Certes there was way dependent upon their good procedure, or want of procedure, will ; and it is considered suffi in the Punjab, which could vie cient to assign them a per-cen- in its terrible effects with t'e tage on the government reve Court of Chancery; and we are nue collected from their villag- rot at all sure whether the Indian es, resuming mostly the land punchayut is not every whit as which they formerly held rent-free. good as the famed English jury, We consider this impolitic, and which an Englishman fancies to be think that the gain to govern. a sine qua non in all judicial matment by the escheat of the inam' ters. All we advocate is, that beis not to be wcighed in the ba fore decrying native systems, we lance with the vantage of hav should examine; and understand ing, in the head men of villages, their merits--that we should not true friends to the government, avoid observing their good points, influential from their landed te nor hesitate to remark the denures, and not mere agents, paid fects in our own procedure. for their trouble in collecting the Let us examine for instance government revenue. These conqur Criminal Law, and reflect fiscations no doubt destroy the whether this medley of regulaauthority of the head men, and tions, constructions, and circular make them luke-warm adherents, orders, many of which directly even if they have not an actual contradict one another, is adapted antagonistic feeling against their in its entirety to the requirements, rulers. The rule of the English of a new country like the Punin India is for the most part only jab. To be sure it was only en, good by comparison. The Hi acted that the spirit of the regudoo prefers it to the rule of the lations should be acted on ; but Moosulman, and the Moqsulman in the absence of any determined to that of the Hindoo; but to rules on She subject, who could suppose that either would not pre tell in what consisted the spirit, fer the government ofone of their and in what the letter ? Opinion own race is, we conceive, a sleer necessarily differed, and the confallacy, and we should avoid paysequence was, that the definition ing much credit to the ealogistic of this spirit varied all over the speeches of natves, with praise Punjab. We think one of the on their lips, and gall in their greatest requirements of the counhearts. There are certainly some try is a simple, unpretending code, Indian' States in which mis-rule laying down, clearly and briefly, and tyranny have driven the peo- the signification of each class of ·Of the Punjab. 621 -- crime, and applying to it a pun One of the most beneficial ishment suited to the offence, measures introduced by the Board taking into consideration its com has been the disarming of parative heinousness as tested by population. There were an asformer customs, and the opinions tounding number of matchlocks of the people. and swords in every village, showing that every man almost, It has already been found ne in former days, had been driven cessary to alter and modify ma to fight for his hearth and home, ny points. The rules regarding and his hereditary , lands. The adultery, for instance, were found, whole country yras peopled by a to be ill adapted to the Moosul- fighting race, trained to arms as man population ; and the indis a profession, and not unfrequentpensability of prompt and vigo- ly of predatory habits. Cattle rous measures among a people raids, desperate affrays, and highprone to take the law into these way robbery, were committed alown hands, and inflict a deadly most with impunity ; because, unpunishment on the offending wife, der the Sikh system, it was usual to was speedily felt. It was not mulct the village community for long therefore before a revised the offence of one of its members. law was promulgated, giving the In the district of Kuchee, near Magistrate authority to try cases the banks of the Indus, there of adultery summarily, and to lived in the village of Wah-ipunish the guilty parties within Buchran some noted free-booters, the limits of his own authority. who took a pleasure in invading Similarly the prevalertce of cattle the territories of Dewan Moolraj, stealing all over the country, and of Mooltan, anu would carry off the fact of its being regarded as in a night, several hundred head a trivial offence, and indeed in of cattle, returning to their own many districts as a meritorious home in triumph. The affrays action, rendered necessary ao re arising from disputes about land vision of the old law on the sub and village boundaries were in ject. Again, the regulation re effect petty battles, bloody, and garding the trial of cases of eject- long contested, the sword being ment was modified, and its ap the arbiter; and five or six men plicability confined to inhabited were often slain on a side. The land, walls, drains and the like, arms of the people having been it being declared null and void taken away, these more heinous as regards disputes regarding crimes gradually ceased, and the cultivated land. This last was result on the morale of the conna most beneficial measure, for try was excellent. It cannot be the operation of Act IV. of 1840 doubted that such offences have has not answered the expecta- been most materially diminished tions that were entertained from in number, the lawless having been it. The fact of there being an quelled into submission, and the traappeal from the original order, veller being at liberty to pursue his renders it valueless na á summapath in safety. But while a check ry. measure ; and in fact a case of has been laid on erimes attended this nature is little better than with violence, we must confess a civil suit in extenso. that those of a petty, nature, such 5 ·622 On the Civil Administration as theft, and minor burglary, have ficulty, and affords scope for great increased ; and indeed this would oppression on the part of the appear to be always the effect of Bukshee. . In Umritsur, the citithe introduction of our system. zens prevailed on the District The native plan, though consider officer to allow of the introduced barbarojis in the light of civi. tion of the system known as 'dhulization, was undoubtedly much rut,' by which a fixed amount is more effectual in stopping these levied on all grain brought into offences, than our English rules the town, and is realized from and regulations. It is a remarkthe importers. The result is, a able fact that, in Golab Singh's slight enhancement of price, territories, theft is almost un. which is almost imperceptible, known. The punishment inflict although it is in fact paid by the ed is mutilation, and it certainly population generally. The toll is all powerful in keeping down paid by one man is divided petty crime. Natives do not ap- #hong 90,000 people, and the rise preciate the maxim that it is betin price is gradual, and trifling, ter to letten guilty men escape, compared to the fluctuations from than to punish one innocent other causes. The plan was perindividual, and say amusingly mitted as a trial, but has never enough-"You require a cou received authoritative approval ; ple of witnesses in every case of and in other districts it has not theft. Do you suppose that the been attemptedy notwithstanding thief would bring witnesses with that everywhere the people are him, when he comes to rob me?" very anxious for its introduction, Our great cantonments abounding and that the relief afforded by it in the riff-raff of live land, are the to the poorer classes, is unspeakhot-beds from which the numer able. ous race of thieves, burglars and As regards the District police, pick-pockets, spread themselves we do not think the system of over the country. village responsibility has been An attempt has been made in sufliciently carried out. In orthe Puniak, to introduce the only der to make this arm efficient, it direct tax on property known in is indispensable that the head India ; namely, the chowkidarge men should feel that the governtax ; and the result has been, as ment is consulting their interests elsewhere, a signal failure, and that its object is not to pry It seems strange that the ex into their village concerns, but to perience of so many years that obtain a knowledge of all crimes we have of the extreme unpopu committed, and to punish such, larity of this impost, has not for the welfare of the community. suggested a more feaajble plan of To effect this is not easy. Village collecting the sum required for chowkidars are too frequently the watch and rward of towns. appointed through the agency of The chowkidaree tax mig an in the thanahdars, and are therefore quisitorial inconje-tax, extremely necessarily looked upon as spies distasteful to a native mind, and by the villagers, who feel that imposed in spite of a violent op their reputation and good name position on the part of the towns are in the hands of their own people. kig opllected with dif. servant. One great reason for 4 ·Of the Punjab. 623 ! the desire to conceal crime on the efficient, to procure, as much as part of the zemindars, is the cry- possible, the attendance of the ing evil of their being despatch- parties, and to avoid any recueed as witnesses in trifling cases rence to the assistance of vakeels, to the Sudder station,-a distance whose fees depend upon the very likely of fifty miles; and it is length and mystification of the not strange that they should de case, those defects in fact which sire to avoid so serious a loss of the trying officer is most anxious time and money. We are advocates to avoid. It is quite clear that for entrusting Tehseeldars with the parties themselyes must be judicial powers, for the trial of all the best acquainted with the petty cases of theft and burglary, facts of the case, whether they so as to save the people this un. are initiated in the points of law pleasant necessity; and we are or not; and the presiding officer sure that if introduced everywhere, being informed of the former, such a mcăsure would be pros must be a dunce if he cannot eke ductive of the greatest advantage. out as much law as is required There is no want of intelligence by the very simple code which is in these officials; and in such cases his guide and rule. In all cases it does not show wisdom to dis of accounts, clainis for damages by play distrust; for the man who reason of breach of contract, matis considered capable of collect ters of caste, and so on, the proing two lacs of revenue, and of ceedings are made over to arbiin destigating all disputes about trators for decision,--the European the land from which that reve officer doing nothing more than nue is realized, is sutely compe see that each case is fairly settled, tent to decide a triſling case of lar and carrying tóc decision into ceny, or adjust a quarrel about execution. More than half the a drain. All the collective wis civil suits instituted in a district dom of the country is not in may be, and ought to be, decided European heads; and it should not after this fashion, which, after all, bé said of us that, while we pro.. is reverting to the old native sys- • fess the greatest anxiety for the tem of punchayut; and it is quite arrival of the happy period when certain that the decisions given, natives will be able to govern independently of their avoiding themselves, we refuse to allow all technicalities, and being rathem the initiative, and moreover pidly effected, are much more distrust our most responsible na satisfactory than the most labourtive officers. The same may be ed judgments of the civil courts said of the rules for txe trial of elsowhere. Under the rules encivil suits in the provinces under joined, few cases remain on the the Board. We consider the file more than three months; and code that was drawn up for the if the Tehseeldars are entrusted purpose very efficient, if properly with authority to try civil suits, administered. In order to en there will be some hope of the sure a correct, and a speedy people obtaining justice, with but judgment, it was found indis a small expenditure of time and pensable, in Umritsur, and a few money. other districts in which the civil In revenue matters, the rules administration has proved most introduced by the Board have ·624 On the Civil Administration quite subverted all former native to be sold, and bears no fixed vainstitutions. The Sikh system lue. We hope to see the whole WAS very crude and imperfect; the of the country speedily settled kárdár was presented with a no under Regulation IX. of 1833 ; minal rent-roll, in which the jum for although it will probably enma of that year, in which the tai) a considerable falling off of greatest amount of revenue that revenue, it will, we are sure, afhad ever been collected was laid ford great and permanent relief down as the standard ; but he had to the zemindars, and lay the complete controul over the pay foundation of the future prosperiments of each villæge; and as the wty of the lançl. As regards the Durbar never looked into details, district revenue accounts, the sysand were always satisfied if the tem in vogue in the North West revenue paid in was large in Provinces has been introduced in amount, he had unlimited oppor. all its completeness, and has provtunities of filling his own pockets. bá very efficient. Although novel The summary settlements made at first, it was casily comprehendin 1847-48 upset all this, and the ed by Punjabee Teehseldars after relief to the zemindars has on the a year's practice; and it is a mat- . whole been great. It is obvious ter of regret that any Hindooshowever that such settlements, thanee usurpers should have been if not light, are open to objection. allowed to fill offices which the The amount, due by each indi natives of the country, it point of vidual not being fixed, the head ability, were quite as competento men have great opportunities of оссиру. We are convinced that exacting more than the proper those districts in which the agenamount, and endeavour to avoid cy employed is indigenous, are all payment of their own share the best managed. We would of the revenue. In case of a bad prefer a corrupt Punjabce to a harvest, and if the summary set- corrupt Hindoosthanee; how much tlement is hcavy, the effect is more an honest Punjabee to a cordisastrous. As the government rupt Hindoosthanee! And it is never, if nossible, relinquishes any natural that the latter would not portion of its ducs, the zemindars come to the land of promise, on of thoso villages which are hige the same pay that he would rely assessed, cry out lustily if the ceive in his own province, if the crop turn out a failure; and opportunity of plunder held out remember with satisfaction that werc not tempting. the jagheerdar, in former days, We would here take the opalthough he took half of a good portunity of observing that the crop, also took his half of a bad promise of promotion, which one ; and in seasons of distress, was was held out to the Covenantexer ready to advance grain or ed officers in the Punjab, on the money to the people, for their annexation of the country, has Bowings. Under a reasonable set not been fulfilled. Those that. tlement the value of land increas have borne the burden and heat es greatly, but it is a curious fact of the day, are naturally disthat in some parts of the Punjab, satisfied that their exertions have on the further side of the thilum, not been requited ; and the matland has scarcely ever been known ter is worsc, because there is no ·Of the Punjab. 625 definitive rule by which a Junior ever they have been called on Assistant Commissioner can be to act. They arc composed of assured that his labours will be the pith and marrow of the fightrewarded by increase of pay and ing men of the country, and prerank. Until more liberal rules sent some of the finest specimens are laid down, it cannot be expect of the Khalsa of the Manjha. ed that either civil or military The anxiety shown by several officers, who can get anything bet Regiments of Sikh Local Infantry ter, will enter the Punjab service. to be, employed in the Burma In order to ensure the promotion expedition, is as creditable as it of efficient officers anly, we would was unexpected ; and we feel advocate the examination of all sure that if the gallant race of Assistant Commissioners previous Sikhs had a fair trial, and were ly to their being raised to a higher encouraged by the Commanding grade. This examination should Officers of our Native Infantry comprise th enquiry into their Regiments, they would soon infuse knowledge of the general routine that military ardour mto a corps, of civil duties; and the examince which is so essential for its mainshould be made to explain sever tenance in a proper state of discially the details of revenue, crimi plinc. In order to ensure theiz nal, and civil work. Ile should being treated with consideration, further be able to take charge of a it would we think be indispensable treasury, and in fact without insist to form a depôt:od then draft ing on an accurate knowledge of them into the line regiments, in regulations and constructions, it bodies of not less than fifty men, should be proved that he is capa 80 that they might hold their own blc of carrying on the duties of a against any Hindoosthanee clique, District Officer. Apknowledge of and not be driven to desert by bulthe Punjabee language is also. lying and a feeling of disgust at indispensable for any officer who being treated as interlopers. desires to be intimately acquaint On the whole, we think the ed with the country and people. Board have done much for the Rapid strides are being niade Punjab. There are many points towards the outward improvement on which we have not touched, of the Punjab. Roads are spread as our space would not allow us ing in all dircctions ; measures to write diffusely on all the details ave been taken for planting trees of the administration. We have on all sides ; and the larger towns however, we conceive, written have been so wonderfully embel enough to show that the ploughlished and altered, that the inbabi share has supplanted the sword; tants themselves scarcely know that peace reigns instead of yiothem. lence; and what in the short spacc We have purposely avoided any of three years, more has been mention of the corps raised in the effected, for the amelioration of Punjab after the annexation. Any the country than has hitherto been laudation would be unnecessary, accomplished in Bengal, with our for we have all seen and heard of fifty years' experience. their admirable behaviour, when- P.

·[ 626 ] A MONTH'S MARCH WITH THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL'S CAMP, IN THE COLD SEASON OF 1851. t r AFTER passing a very pleasant first hostelry on the way down season at Simla, and just when from Simla to the plains, is sievery body was preparing for tuated, about 8 o'clock on the the plains, I accepted the in- morning of the 27th, and much vitation of a friend on the per regretted being too late to be a sonal staff of the Governor-Ge. spectator of the procession formed neral, to join the Vice-regal camp, by the Chiefs, headed by the and march with it along the foot. Rajah Rajah of Patteealla, to meet the of the Himalayas, to Hurdwar Governor-General, which I have and Roorkee. I had never seen since heard was one of the grand- Hurdwar ;'but the glowing de est sights ever witnessed in Inscriptions I had often road from dia. The two camps, that of the the pens of able writers, led me to Governor-General and the Pat- "expect great pleasure from the teealla Rajah, were pitched very visit. Accordingly, on the 25th close together, between the outer of October I left Simla, two days range of hills, and the great Hiin the rear of the Commander-in malayas; and as I proceeded down Chief, and other "big wigs" who from Kussowlie before daybreak, had proceeded to Pinjore, for the I could see in the far distance purpose of being present at a below, the bright lights flitting and great Durbar, which the Governor flickering about the native camp. General was to hold at that place, As the daye began to dawn, I and at which the Rajah of Pat could trace distinctly the white teealla, with a number of Nawabs tents of the Vice-regal camp, while and Ranas of less note, were to be to the right, a long straggling presented to his Lordship. Great line of party-coloured canvas, preparations for this important ce marked the whereabouts of the remony had been making for some native tents.. Just as the sun days previous ; heaps of beaưii was beginning to tinge the sumful shawls were to be presented mits of the highest hills behind as Nuzzurs, and various contriy me, I marked a puff of white ances in silver for pán boxes, and smoke from the native camp, then uttur dans, were raked out from the another; and a booming sound of mysterious recesses of the Tosha heavy artillery announced the de- Kbana; for the purpose of pleasing parture of the Rajgh to meet the the native eye, and provoking a Governor-Generall Another sesuitable return. Nay, even ele ries of puffs of smoke, followed by phants and horses had to be pur less noise, told me that the Gochased by the Secretaries of the vernor General was being civi Foreign Office, for the sole pur- enough to salute the Rajahpose of being presented to these as he passed the camp; for the once mighty chiefs, alas, how great man had not yet joined fallen from their high estate! his camp, but was about leaving I arrived at Kalka, where the Kalka for that purpose. Shortly ·A month's march with the Governor-General's Camp. 627 after, as a turn in the hill-path hid I passed they saluted; that is, the both camps from my view, I sentries on duty saluted me, as heard other salutes, and the dis they did every white face; and tant hum and drumming of a na in the Nawab of Naba's camp tive procession--after which, all there was a violent attempt at was still. guard mounting got up for the I duly arrived at Kalka, and occasion ; a sort of Band consistfound the road quite alive with ing of English instruments, some- Irregular Cavalry sowars, and what battered, in which the drums mounted matchlock men, in scar and key. bugles were most conspilet and gold, or yellow worsted, I cuous, striking up as I drew near, forget which, gallopping and clat a very discordant attempt at the tering to and fro. Stately ele National Anthem and Rule Britanphants were rolling lazily along to nia in one; as I approached, the wards the camp ; carriages, of an-., troops in linc presented arms, and cient build, gaudily decorated, and highly appreciating the honor, drawn by four horses, belonging I passed on. to the Rajah, were in waiting, to The entrance to the Governor convey ladies to the gay scene; General's camp was soon reached, and the whole line of road, as far as and its picturesque appearance the eye could reach, was one mov formed a pleasing contrast to the ing mass of richly dressed natives, badly arranged straggling array of on elephants, on cathels, on horse tents I had just passed. Across back, and on foot ; the heat and the entrance of the centre street, dust, after the cool clear atmo which was pitched on soft turf, as sphere of the hills I had just left, if it had been prepared for the ocbeing the only drawback to a very casion, there was a line of yellow novel and animated scche. About rails, through which ran red cords ; 4 o'clock P. M., an elephant was the whole forming a ncat barrier, sent to carry me to the camp, and guarded by a sepoy, to keep out in about an hour I found my the crowds of natives, who would self in the middle of a crowd it is otherwise have invaded the privautterly impossible to describe, so cy of the great camp. On either .namerous and varions were the side were ranged, pitched with people and the costumes, collect the greatest nicety, four singleedo together on the occasion. poled tents, in which were located Proceeding along, as well as the the Aides-de-Camp and Surgeon ; elephant could convey me through and beyond them were three douthe crowd, I soon reached the.ble-poled tents, belonging to the Rajah's camp, pitched on the Military and Private Secretaries right hand side of the road, while to the Governor General, and the the Nawabs of Jheend and Naba, Secretary and Deputy Secretary with several other chiefs, occupied to Government in the Foreign Dethe left. The Patteealla Rajah, partment. The extreme end was and both the Nawabe," had artil entirely filled up by the Governor lery and cavalry with them, and General's tents, the Durbar Tent I was much struck with the ap in the centre, dining tent on one parent order and discipline obe side, and sleeping tents on. . the served among them; the whole other, extending also some diswere admirably appointed. As tance in the rear. About twenty VOL. 1.NO. IX. .

·628 A month's march with the 1 paces in front of the Governor bar at Pinjore, and about mid- General's tent, stood the flag-staff, day the preparations commencfrom which floated the British ed. A troop of the Body Guard Ensign ; and the camp gong was marched up the centre street, placed near it, both guarded by and filed off to the right of the a scpoy of the escort, At the Durbar tent,-a portion having entrance of the Durbar Tent taken their position inside the there were generally on duty entrance. A Guard of Honor from four troopers of the Body Guard. the regiment on escort duty was Kunnauts wer ranged continu also marched up with the regiously along between the tents, so mental colours, and Secretaries that a neat compact wall of can and Politicals, in their full dress vass was formed ; in short, the of blue and gold embroidery, with camp seemed to bave been pitched their unwieldy, unbecoming cock. in one piece ; and from the centre ed hats, as well as Aides-de-Camp street, not a single tent belonging and other Staff Officers, all importo the Escort, or any one of the tance and glitter, were clattering hundreds in it, was visible. The to and fro, busy, making the most bills in the fore ground, with an of themselves and their gay unioccasional glimpse of the Snowy form. About 3 o'clock P. M. the Range beyond, formed a perfect Secretary Foreign Department, picture, while immediately behind and one of the Aidez-de-Camp, the Governor General's tents, a mounted an elephant, and preceddark green hill, covered with a ed by a couple of sowars of the Irthick mass of luxuriant foliage, regular Cavalry, went out to conset off the camp to great advan. duct the Rajah to the camp. At tage. The continual running to the same time a saluto announced and fro of servants in scarlet and that Chiet's departure from his gold, the gay plumes of State'' ramp-ten minutes more, and the Officers, the trampling of horses, procession reached the entrance of and the busy hum of many voices the centre street ; the Artillery in the far-off native camps—all so in camp saluted, and preceded by new to me, so different from the led horses, richly caparisoned, and quiet and repose of the hills,-- an almost endless string of atten.. formed a scene atonce picturesque dants, the Rajah of Patteealla, and exciting. The tent in which mounted on a superb elephant, and I was quartered was close to the surrounded by innumerable fierce dining-toom tent; and in the even looking Seikhs, marched up to ing we were regaled with strains the Durbar tent. On being conof soft music from the Governor ducted to the entrance, he was General's Band during dinner, received at the edge of the carpet while the centre street was by the Commissioner of the Sirthronged with dark demoniac fi hind Division, and the Most Nogures bearing a kind of trident, in ble the Governor General advancthe prongs of which were interwo. ed some distance, as far as the ven flaming torches, which flitted centre of the carpet, to meet him. to and fro to light the way of guests He was conducted to a seat on the and Aides-de-Cainp to dinner. right of the Governor General, The day after my arrival, was who, by the way, sat in the State the day fixed for the grand Dur Chair that once belonged to Run- + ·Governor-General's Camp. 629 scene jeet Singh. The Foreign Secre- wrapped round him by the Deputary, who acted as Interpreter, and ty Secretary, who, as he dispensed secmed to keep up an animated his favors, smiled blandly on all. conversation with the Rajah for The presents for the Rajah having his own 'edification, occupied a been brought in and laid at his Beat to the right of the Rajah; feet, (no less than forty-two and the Commander-in-Chief, sur pairs of shawls, scarfs, &c. in tea rounded by his Staff, occupied a trays were arrayed before him,) chair immediately on the left of the Governor General placed a the Governor General. The tent diamond ring on his finger; and was crowded by spectators, and 'an odd looking pyramidal colthe was most amusing. lection of coloured glass scent I was much struck with the sime bottles, with silver tops, on a sort ple, plain muslin dress of the Ram of silver dumb waiter, having been jah, the only ornament he wore, tendered as a useful souvenir to being a magnificent kind of tiara,' the Rajah, some little conversation composed of brilliants, which glit was carried on, and iffterpreted, tered above his fine forehead! He for the benefit of the Vice-Regal is a good looking native, apparently ears ; after which pawn and uttur about 35 to 40 years of age, with were handed round, and the great a bushy black beard, and much to man withdrew, to make way for our surprise, seemed quite at home some minor Chiefs, who came in the midst of so many pairs of flocking in, to lay thair bows at eyes glaring on him. Behind his the feet of Lord Dalhousie, and chair were two chowrie-wallas, in most cases they laid something who let fall their Yak' tails ever more valuable, in long rolls of and anon, as lightly as possible, cloth, abont which no more need over their Chief's head, an ex be said, than that, according to ample immediately imitated by a..their length and capacity, the rolls couple of white-bearded men, beat are valued. All this time the ing horn-shaped affairs made of Governor General's Band played peacock's feathers and gold, which lively airs, and the scene was very were thrust forward to supply the novel and interesting. What place of the chowries, with a view, struck me as somewhat remarkas it seemed to me, to catch any able was the total absence of ladies, fljes or mosquitoes the chowries but on casting my eye round the might have knocked over ; but as Durbar Tent, I saw, at the back they were thrust forward one on of the Governor General's State either side of the Rajal's head, Chair, a „square aperture in the and were, moreover, kept in a tent canyass, which had been filltrembling motion, I conclude they ed with blue gauze, very much are intended more for ornament resembling amolady's veil. On Two dwarfs accompa. looking closer, I saw several pairs nied the Rajah, one a most un of bright, eyes peering through seemly looking individual, and illthe gauzes the owners of the said proportioned, the other rather eyes being, in fancied security, well made; they both -tarried sil- observing all that was going on, ver sticks, and were called Dur little thinking they could be seen wans. Each of these worthies was as plainly as they could themselves honored with a shawl, which was than use. see.

·630 A month's march with the The next day having been fixed one or more Chieftain in his richfor the return visit, I gladly est and most gaudy costume, availed myself of the offer of an shaded from the sun's rays by a elephant to see the show. With magnificentcrimson umbrella, glita pen it is impossible to describe tering with gold and silver, spanthe scene, and even with a pencil, gles and fringes. Besides these, and the most gaudy colours anyat there were almost countless ele. tempt to do so would fall far short phants in the crowd of spectators, of the reality. At three o'clock the Native Sowars of Irregular Ca.. Governor General's elephant, with valry, Khalsa horsemen in superb the magnificent silver State How chain armour, Matchlock men on dah, followed by others, orna camels and horses, and, as far as mented in a less costly manner, the eye could reach, the party-comarched up the centre strect to loured sca of waving heads, 'ber the entrance of the Durbar tent, Longing to the "Oi polloi," formwhere a troop of the Body Guard ed a scene of splendour seldom were already in waiting. Shortly Shortly witnessed even in the gorgeous after the Governor General ap East. peared, and took his seat in the The Pattecalla Rajah, probably Howdah, the Staff and Politicals thinking that the more noise he then mounted their clephants, and made, the more honor he would the procession moved forward, confer on the Governor General, the Body Guard leading up the saluted with twenty four-pounder centre street of the Camp, the guns, and as they were ranged troops presenting arms, and the close to the road, the first disartillery firing & salute. On nearcharge nearly stopped all sense of ing the Native Camps, the Ra- hearing amongst the leaders of the jah of Pattcealla, accompanied procession, and created a great by the other Chieftains and fol-..commotion in the Body Guard ; lowers, advanced to meet the Go- but, wonderful to relate, the troopvernor General, and conduct his ers all kept their seats. On arriy- Lordship to the Durbar. The ing at the Rajah's tent, the farce sight was magnificent! There of presenting elephants, horses, could not have been less than two shawls, jewelo, &c., to the Gover hundred and fifty elephants in nor General was gone through, the procession, all more or less and a vast sum of money thereby decorated ; some with gorgeous merely exchanged, as the presents silver howdahs and charjammas, given the day before to the Rajah and all wearing the most massive were nearly, if not quite, equal in and curiously wrought jhools, value to thosegiven on this occasion avy with gold and silver ; some to the Governor General. Amongst had their fine large tusks or the latter was an accomplished namented with gold rings, and em- horse, which, among other tricks, broidered head cloths, and on ei at the bidding of his syce, rolled ther side of the jhool was sus himself up in a blanket, and sufferpended a large bell, which sound- ed himself to be tied in a bundle, ed whenever the animal moved, never moving a limb till he was and kept up a continual jingle, released. I believe this sagacious more wild and novel than it was animal was purchased from the musical." On each elephant sat Governinent Toshakana, by Lady ·Governor-General's Camp. 631 Dalhousie ; for although the pre Their visit must have been an exgents, or a large share of them, pensive one, for, in addition to the made to an affectionate husband, usual outlay necessary for keepare generally devoted to his wife, ing up a large Camp, the Camp in the present instance they go to of the Governor General, escort Government, and whatever his and all, was furnished with sup- Lordship or her Ladyship may plies gratis during the halt at fancy, has to be bargained for Pinjore,--a custom, for the indulthrough the Foreign Office, at the gence of which, I rather more valuation fixed by a Bengalec than suspect, the dependants of Baboo, who has clarge of these the Rajah suffer more in purse treasures. Some of the presents than he does himself, were very handsome and valud Life in the Governor General's ble; but the horses, though fine, Camp on a march is by no means large, powerful looking animals, disagreeable; with everything in had scarcely a leg to stand upon. duplicate, there is not the slightest The custom of presenting a bow trouble : the servants do all the and arrows was observed by every packing and unpacking of winc, Chief present on the occasion. stores and crockery, and all the I afterwards heard that the Vice sahib has to do is to mount his Regal functionary had upwards horse or elephant, and make the of one hundred and fifty of these best of his way to the next ena collected together, most of which camping ground ; * are Assistant will, in all probability, be made to Quarter Master General and Asornament his Lordship's future sistant Commissary General being residence in old England. always one day joy advance of the In the evening, there was Camp, to prepare for the coming very fair display of fireworks in of the great man. An order book the Pinjore gardens, which were , goes round every day, furnishing brilliantly illuminated. Amongst a chart of the next route, and other notable things, there was particularizing any bad ground a waterfall, rolling over a screen, and obstacles in the shape of nulin which were numberless re lahs or rivers to cross : it also fixes for lamps; • the water the hour when the troops forming falling in front of the lamps in the escort will march, and when a sparkling, glittering, clear, un the first bugle is to sound, which broken sheet, had a very beautiful is generally before daylight has effect. A succession of red fire glimmered; and a simultaneous balloons ascended during the even hammering af tent pegs coming, forming a complete arch in mences some hours bofore the the heavens, and the whole con first bugle sounds. Everything cluded with another loud salute is done witir a degree of order from the twenty-four pounders, and regularity that reflects the and a great blow-up of all sorts of highest oredit on those who have 'fireworks and mines in the garden, the management. after which the whole party went Then caines the only bustle obback to Camp to dinler; and the servable on the march. Camels next day a salute announced the undergoing the process of loading, breaking up of the native camps, growl and blobber out their comand the departure of the Chiefs. plaints ; horses neigband scream; a cesses ·632 A month's march with the canbullocks roar, buffaloes grunt; ser Foreign Office, others containing vants and hackery drivers shout and the treasures of the Toshakhana, halloo in all directions ; dogs bark, strongly guarded; then perhaps elephants trumpet; and almost the Regimental Treasure Chest on before the day bas well dawned, a Tumbril, or the Mess Plate Chest the tents of the centre street are on a Camel, also well guarded by struck, and its inhabitants far on sepoys. Then comes the Regiment their way to the next ground, itself, its Officers mounted on all where, to all appearance, they sorts of tattoos, or walking to warm find precisely the same tents stand themselves ; here a coolie carrying, which they have just left far' ing a kettle of pot, there one carbehind. And in many instances rying a basket, containing a wallthe ground wears the same aspect, shade, or an argand lamp. Then it being a low, flat country, toler, come ponies laden with provender, ably well cultivated, with very few straw and bundles of sundries ; trees to relieve the eye. We had hackeries, buffaloes, 'mule carrian advantage in, as it were; "hug ages, palanquins, doolies, couches, ging" the Himalayas ; we travelled tables, chairs, pittarahs, hat boxes, along the foot of these hills, and band boxes, baskets containing • scarcely lost sight of them for a chikore, dens containing deer, day ;--the beautiful dark outline and cages containing Moonal and shewing sometimes in the moon Argus pheasants. Here comes a light, and then nccasional glimpses huge caravan covered with we caught of the peaks of the far vass, drawn by eight oxen, and off Snowy Range, making us al marked " THE MOST NOBLE THE most wish ourselves back again GOVERNOR GENERAL." What can at Simla. this possibly contain-surely not the great man himself? asks a It is amusing to remark the wondering spectator ; it looks as if line of road, -one never-ending it had been built after the fashion stream of bipeds and quadrupeds of the East India Company's Tea bearing burdens, It is generally for which the Commerthe case, that the detachment of cial Road, London, was once fa- Body Guard, and a couple of six mous ; few who gaze upon its un-- pounder guns of the Horse Are wieldy proportions would imagine tillery, head the cavalcade, or that it contains the silver State perhaps a wing of Irregulars, Howdah; but such is really the whose kettle drums, mounted case, and as it travels slowly along, on rampant steeds, are eyer and jolting in and out the ruts of the anon struck, to clear the road for uneven road, and shaking itself the troops. Then comes a string violently from side to side, one is of elephants, carrying the Gover apt to wonder if the contents are nor General's Band boys, and his liable to injury from breakage or Lordship's Cooks, six at & load ! bruises ; fortunately, however, the Camels in almost endless succes interior is padded, and the Howsion, bearing each a pair of trunks dah seldom sustains any injury, marked H. H., G. G., or C. D., Then comes a train of equirotals, full of wearing apparel, stores, palkee gharries, buggies, tumbrils, &c. ; cuvered carts drawn by four hackeries, palkees; and then again bullocks, carrying the records of the bipeds, camels, and elephants, 1 Waggons, ·Governor-General's Camp. 633 enough to form a procession from With little variation the time Pall Mall to Blackwall. passed the same each day ; un- On entering and leaving the less there was something to see encamping ground, the Band of in the neighbourhood of the enthe Regimental Escort plays a camping ground, as was the case march, and as the troops are ge at Hurdwar and Roorkee, only a nerally first on the move, all who short halt of one or two days at wish to be at the next ground most was made. The former place early, and before the sun is high, was quite new to me, and the take their cue from them. When-, latter was, from the rapid progress ever there is a halt, the Band of the works, likely to afford me plays in their own camp, and the considerable interest. Hurdwar, march is occasionally enlivened with its ghauts, faqueers, its Bail by meeting another Regiment; trees, its temples, and its verdant when the junior Regiment pre- hills, lias been too often described sents arins, and the Bands play by abler pens than inipe. Suffice the National Anthem. About it, therefore, that no glowing dehalf a mile from the entrance of scription I had heard, or read, of the Camp on the new ground, there its peculiarly wild scenery, was too is always a faqueer pitched, who highly coloured. I was not disbeats à tom-tom, which can be appointed, but, on the contrary, heard sometimes three to four the wild grandeur of this sacred miles off; and notwithstanding spot, the almost d. y, clear river, the pleasure I experienced from the green and the blue of the the march, I confess it was always nearer hills, and beyond, the farwith great satisfaction I heard the off peaks of the Snowy Range, beating of this drum, especially seemed to surpass all that my when the march was longer than imagination had ever pictured, or usual. The Officers of the eg...painter's pencil delineated. cort halt about half way and take Roorkee, the Birmingham of coffee, and the troops are also the North West Provinces, has halted half way between the en also been often described. At camping grounds, but it is only for the time we visited it, the first * ten minutes or so; the bugles sound, Locomotive Engine was about to and they are on the march again start on a very primitive sort "before you can catch them up. of railway along the bed of the Some of the country we passed canal. It did not start during over was very beautiful, the sce our visit, but about fifteen days nery in most cases being wild and afterwards io literally " astonishgrand. Those who were fond of ed the natives." The works at sporting, had ample means at hand Roorkee College are on a pery for gratifying their passion ; and complete scale; every kind of scimany Officers of the escort rode entific work is carried on with on the night before, to have a great precision. The model room "good long morning" of shooting. is full of interesting items, and the Game was plentiful enough, but workshops well worthy of a pronot in the immediate vicinity of longed visit. But the great work the Camp, although more than one at Roorkee is the aqueduct, which deer and several hares were chased is certainly a most stupendous unin the centre street of the Camp. dertaking, and, to an unpractis; .

·684 A month's march with the not go stood for ages. ed eye, rather difficult of compre reputation for being the spot hension. Its ultimate success is, where Lord Hardinge killed his I was told, now reduced to a cer first tiger. It was soon whispertainty. ed in Camp that the Most Noble the Governor General was about After passing a few days at to try his luck; and the elephants Roorkec, we proceeded onwards were ordered to be in readiness towards Hurdwar; the country the next day, at 6 A. M. The morngradually assuming a wilder ap- ing was bitterly cold, and the hoar pearance as we progressed. In frost lying thick on the ground. many parts the road was a mere It was then nade known that his cattle track, and the whole of Lordship was unwell, and would the camp equipage was strag- not The elephants were gling over the country in sub- therefore sent back to their lifes lime confusion. On either side till 10 A. M. At 10 Ą M. it was the grass rose to an enormous discovered that the gentleman height, and the constant call of who was to command the party, the chikore and black partridge, thought it better to wait till 12 told that game was plentiful. so we waited, and about that hour The tree jungle too was much a splendid line of about sixty-five grander and more extensive, some elephants, and not less than twenof the trees stretching right across ty howdahs, containing many arthe road, ustalin many places root dent sportsmen, in some instances ed in the centre, where they had two in each, entered the Bojpore The hills were jungles, in quest of the royal now very near, and we could see tiger, it having been explained by the Chandney temple at the Ghaut, “Our Captain" that not a single distinctly, for some time before shot was to be fired at aught else we reached Hurdwar. The occa until he issued his mandate to sional glimpses of the snow, ap- that effect. Of course we parently not many miles distant, whole herds of deer, and in open were very beautiful, and the scene ground, where they dodged up one of considerable interest to and down the line of elephants, the admirer of Nature's handy and could not break through ;. work. As we approached Hurd there would have been but little war, we met whole cavalcades of difficulty in filling our bags to pilgrims returning in Bylces and overflowing ; but the tiger saved Ekkas from the holy shrine, and their lives, for we would not fire many more were encampęd near a shot for fear of disturbing him ! it. At length the well known We had to cross the river in tomtom of our own Camp faqueer many places to get to certain iswas heard, and we so found the lands, whicre it was confidently new ground" marked out in a asserted that the royal animal beautiful spot that had been clear resided, but after diligently beated for the purpose. ing several “ likely 'spots" very From Hurdwar, after a haft patiently, . we concluded that the to see the “ lions," the Camp right one was not yet found, and moved on to Bojpore, famous, the Captain suggested that cerfar as I could learn, for tain howdahs, with a few beaters, nothing but high jungle, and a should remain posted in dry nul- 1 . saw as ·In the Cold Season of 1851. 635 “Our Caplahs, whilst he and the majority of water wagtail or two, attracted to the field should beat up some the spot by the novel visitors, tak- “very likely jungle" in the dising a quiet survey of them from the tance. The consequence was that water's edge. It was necessary our linc became “small by degrees to offer some apology for our apand beautifully less," and we pro parent rudeness and selfishness, gressed back again almost to the but on hearing that we had not foot of the Hurdwar hills without even seen any more of a tiger than seeing more than the foot-prints of they had, our friends did not seem the much-wished-for game. At to regret having beenaselected for last, as it was getting towards sun detached duty. They then redown and some of the young hands joined us, and we proceeded quietwere becoming impaticnt to have ly to camp, shooting whatever a cratk at something, fell in the way as we went along. tain," benevolence sparkling in. From the character I have since his eye, consented to allow us to heard of the elephants forming fire at anything that turned up, our line, I have cvery reason to and then commenced a series of be thankful that we did not see platoon firing seldom surpassed. a tiger ; as if we had, it is univer- Deer, peafowl, pigs, partridge, sally opined that every elephant jungle fowl, and quail, all fell in would have turned tail and bolted, succession, somewhat slowly I in which case some of our heads confess, considering the nuber would have suffered, for the junof howdahs, and the number of gle was very heavy. shots fired, but, once commenced, We arrived in camp about 5 there was no stopping them, and P. M., covered with the seeds of the jungle resounded with the the long grass, which made us apdin of tiring. Aftet exhaust pear as if we had been in a snowing an immense quantity of Pi- storm. Of course there were not gou and Wilks, was it a wanting those who had a good case of Walker ? (as a certain wag laugh at our blank day at Bojpore, said, doubtless alluding to the but we were none of us a bit the powder)---it all at once struck worse for it. The next morning the 1 Our Captain" that tertain de camp crossed the river to Aseer. tached parties might possibly be gura; and I left the tent about still awaiting our return in the 5 A. M. for "home," having to tradry nullah! So we went with all vel by a cross dawk through extenspeed in that direction, and there sive jungles. I confess that I nefound our patient, long-suffering ver passed a month away more friends, taking it coolly under the pleasantly; and the kindness and trees, ---man, mahout, syces, and hospitality I met with in the Go elephants all fast asleep, and some vernor General's Camp, will be impertinent paddy birds, with a long remembered with gratitude. or VOL. I.NO. IX.

·[ 636 ] ORIGIN AND PRESENT STATE OF THE CONTINGENT FORCES" OF THE SEVERAL NATIVE GOVERNMENTS. 1st.--MYSORE CONTINGENT. was an- It perwere consc- This is the oldest contingent and horses, and to establish some force in India, to whose services more regular code of paying the the British Government is entitroops under his own supertled. It now, I believe, consists intendence, when his appointof 4,000 cavalry, and was estab- ment, whicle originated with the lished through the treaty of Se- Madras Government, ringapatam ; and although for the nulled by the Governor General, extent of the force it has perform and he returned to his former ed better service to us than either situation of Adjutant General of of the other contingents, yet less the Army. Since that time the pains has been taken to place it Silladar horse have been under in an efficient condition. the superintendence of Captain formed good service with the Hunter, of the Madras Cavalry; Duke of Wellington in Berar, but of course it is impossible, in the campaign of 1803-4, without the usual complement of against the Mahrattas, and again officers, that any discipline can in the tokepaign of 1817-18, in be introduced into their ranks. Malwa, with the Army of Sir I have not seen any of this body of Thomas Hyslop. On the latter Cavalry for nearly 20 years; they occasion, the Cavalry was placed then underpaid ; under the controul of a British quently badly mounted, badly Officer, who could not of course armed, andeadly clothed and appretend to introduce anything. pointed; and in this condition I bclike discipline into their ranks, lieve they continue stil). Without and he was withdrawn on the ter discipline they are of course unfit mination of the war, when the to take their place in line, or to Cavalry returned to the autho act with our troops in the field ; rity of the Native Government. and half the number of Cavalry, When we took upon ourselves. the well commanded, mounted, and management of the Mysore coun disciplined, would necessarily, in try, Colonel Conway was for a any military operation, be more time employed to introduce some valuable to us, than the whole greater degree of. regularity into 4,000, supposing that they are the Contingent Cavalry; the same kept up, or can be furnished, at degree of inefficiency and disorthis strength. For preserving the der was found to prevail, as else peace of the country, or for police where, when establishments of duties, they are perhaps as efficithis kind are left in the hands of ent in their present condition, and natives ; and Colonel Conway was better suited, than they would be proceeding to register the, men in any other. 2ND.-NIZAM'S CONTINGENT. WHEN the ravages of the Pin countries of India, and the Nidarees extended to almost all the zam's horse, (although consisting ·The "Contingent Forces." 687 the war. of a large body, costing the State larly in his Excellency's address to an enormous sum of money, and the Army, on the termination of nominally themselves highly paid,) From that period up to were found quite useless in pro this time, the Cavalry have under. tecting Berar and the Upper gone various modifications. But Deccan from their depredations ; they now form a separate Brigade, it was proposed by Captain Sy commanded by a Brigadier of the denham, the then Political Agent 1st Class, having a Brigade Major at Aurungabad, supported by Mr. and Pay Master, consisting of four Russell, the Resident at Hydera- Regiments, each comprising a bad, and resolved by the Supreme Captain Commandant, an Adju- Government in 1806; to place tant, and a Surgeon, a Resildar, body of these troops, consisting of eight Jemadars, thirty-two Duffa- 4,500 men, under the general dars, 32 Naick Duffadars, and 480 command of, Captain Davis; and, horscmen. The four Regiments that a British Officer should be consist of sixteen squadrons, and attached to each of the divisions, number 2,227 sabres. three of these being 1,000 and the Inquiries into the condition of fourth 1,500 strong. Each divi the Nizain's Cavalry, before the sion was registered ; man and reform was entered on, showed horse told off into squadrons and that the рау of the individual half squadrons; and measures horsemen ranged from 55 to 45 were adopted through which that Hyderabad Rs. per menscm, none most important of all things, the being below the latter sum ; but regular monthly distribution of this included deductions on acpay, should take place under the count of Officers and other charges, superintendence of their European which reduced the lowest rate of Officers. But little discipline was pay to 40 rupees, and that was the at first attempted. The prospect amount fixed upon, exclusive of of promotion for gallantry in the the pay of Officers, but which, infield, the certainty of provision cluding their pay, makes the cost for those disabled in action, and to Government average about 45 that borses killed in that situa Rs. a man per mensem, the Brition would be paid for hy Govern- gade costing something more than ment; these, with the noble ex 12 lacks per annum. The cost ample held out to the men of perof the Bengal Cavalry is 54 sonal gallantry and devotion by Rs., that of Madras 75 Rs., Captain Davis and the other offi and that of Bombay 73 Rs.; cers; very soon proved, that even, but everywhere these charges with this degree of discipline, they are exclusive of stabling, the cost could beat two or three times their of arms, repairs of arins, camy own numbers of the horse com equipage, and commissariat, neimonly met with in this country. ther of which charges are borne Portions of this Cavalry served by Government, when the Cavalwith most of the divisions of the ry are Siltadar. The field dis- Army of the Dekkan with distin- cipline of Cavalry of this descripguished fidelity and gallantry, and tion can be brought to as great received the thanks of the Mar. perfection as that of any Caval quis of llastings for their services, ry in India, and Major General on various occasions, but particu- Sleigh, in his tour of inspection of 1 ·638 The “Contingent Forces" arins. the Cavalry and Horse Artillery by the officers of the Regiment. of the Madras and Bombay Pre About two-thirds of the amount sidencies, and of the Nizam's Ca allowed by Government, go to the valry; reported most favourably maintenance of the horse, and his on the field and internal discipline appointments of every kind, and and efficiency of the Regiments the remainder to the Bargeer, of Nizam's Cavalry, saying that or rider : out of this he is bound Captain Kcir, by whom the Brito maintain himself, to furnish gade at Mominabad was then his clothing, appointments and commanded, had given him as Where then thc Bargeer good a field day as he had ever is selected by the Government, seen in India. or the Officers of the Regiment, In addition to these four Regi and not by the Silladar ; a diviments, there is also a fifth regis sion is at once created in the clrain, ment of Cavalry, which origin. by which a service of this kind ally belonged to the Ellichpore always hangs together. The Brigade, for the payment of which Silladar's horse is used for the Brigade, Nawab Sahabut Khan purpose of forming an untrained had territory assigned to him by recruit, whose relation to the Silthe Nizam's Government. When ladar hinself has been destroyed. that arrangement failed, by his not Disunion is thus produced, and this paying the troops, this Regiment, I conceive must be the condition and the tout of the Brigade, fell of the Regiment of Regular Cainto the same condition as the rest valry in the Nizam's Contingent. of the Hyderabad Contingent; The Nizam's Contingent, consistbut the Regiment was differently ing, as has been above shown, of organized, and lias continued on five Rcgiments of Cavalry, four that footing to this day; that Companies of Artillery, a small is, it is recruited and appointed. Enyineer Corps, eight Regiments much in the same way as our Ré of Infantry, and having also a Gargular Cavalry, but being in itself rison Battalion, and a Corps of formed on different principles, Invalids; is now, and always has this organization will not be found becn, by far the most perfect BO congenial to the tastes of the thing of the kind that has been native officers and men, as what attempted ; and may and ought which prevails in the other four to be taken as a sample by which Regiments. The essential differ to form all the other Contingents ence between Cavalry of this des of the States of India. cription, and the Regular Cavalry A few years ago, it cost the of the Company, is, that they are Nizam's Government 35 lacks of mounted on horses furnished by rupecs per annum, but the cost individuals on contract, the con is now considerably below that tractor riding one of the horses sum : the only thing required to himself, and having the remainder render it perfect, is a system ridden by his brethren, or men through which to secure, indoselected by himself, called Bar- pendently of the native governgeers, but who are passed into the ment, its'regular payment. service' as reudy-formed horsemen, after the minutest enquiries into It was at one time settled that their character and qualifications the pay of this force should be f ·Of the several Native Governments. 689 no one ; be exthe first charge on the revenues until this shall have been done, of Berar, which, until that purcan feel that this impose was fulfilled, should not be portant branch of the service is otherwise applied ; but that en on a secure and satisfactory footgagement has been departed from, ing. The best measure would whilst none other, so good, has be the transfer to us in perpetuibeen substituted ; and this almost ty, of a portion of the Nizam's army is now dependant for its country, -equal to the paydaily bread on our influence at ment of the Force but it Hyderabad, to squeeze out of the would be sufficient that the re- Native Government 'the pay of venues of a tract of country, cqual the troops, which is generally four to that object, and to be managed or five months in arrears.* Many by His Highness' own Officers, favoħrable opportunities have should be assigned for this purbeen lost, of negotiating some in... pose, and not to be otherwise violable system of payınent, and applied or touched. 3RD.-SCINDIAH'S CONTINGENT. This Contingent has its origin doubtful, whether Scindiah would in the Gwalior treaty of Novem take part in the Mahratta conber 1817, by which the Durbar federacy, which had been form, stipulated to furnish 5,000 Caval ed, or remain true to his obligary in two detachinents, to serve tions to us; it was not with the several divisions of our pected that these troops would be Army, for the subversion of the given over to our authority with Pindarces, and all other free good will, or that they would be booters ; each detachment to be very useful or obedient to us. under the controul of a British Accordingly it was not until Officer. For the payment of these the 27th of February 1818, that troops, His Highness agreed to 2,000 horse could be persuaded relinquish for three years, the life to make their first march from stipends payable to himself, and Gwalior : they were of the worst the several members of his family, description of Mahratta cavalry ; by the British Government; and some of them were described as for two years the tribute, which little better than grass-cutters we are bound to levy from the mounted on their tattoos ; some Rajpoot States on his account ; of the men without arnis, and any surplus of either amount in the horses without saddles, The excess to the pay of the troops principal, operations of the ammto be afterwards accounted for : paign had been carried through, but as this treaty was forced on before even these took the field: Scindiah by the position of two of and in its minot affairs, except in the divisions of our own Army on subduing the refractory within his frontier, the one consisting of His Highness' territory, it does 12,500 men under the command not appear that the Cavalry were of the Marquis of Hastings, and useful to us; such, we may be the other of 7,000, and as it was sure, will be, and we know has to a late period of the season been, the result, when he place to The Contingent received its pay for November 1851, on the oth of June 1989.-ED.

·640 The "Contingent Forces" dependance for assistance on the lost, and then the Baiza Baie's two armies of our allies, unless those lakhs; when, on the termination of arinies have been, before hand, her Regency, that sum was requirorganised by ourselves. ed for her own support. From the unsettled condition Then remained only the tributes, of Malwa, of Ketchawarra, and Rs. 3,42,000, and the revenues of even of countries nearer to Gwa the Kandeish and Saugor districts lior, as well as from the conflicts Rs. 1,35,000 : and when the disof a more domestic character, cussion arose as to the expediency which frequently occurred at the of establishing the small remain- Durbar, it was found important der of the Contingent on a perto both Governments to have the manent footing, and transferring command of the services of such the funds permanently to us, the a body of troops ; and they cor Durbar started the question of tinued under charge of British restoring the territory and its re- Officers after the period, stipulat venues, and leaving the remained in the treaty. The funds ori. der only permanently in our ginally set aside for their payment hands, for the maintenance of proved insufficient, and a debt of troops. 15 lakhs of rupees was incur After a long discussion, it was red, for the liquidation of which, finally agreed that the tributes the revenucs and the managernent should be given up permanently ; of territories in Kandeish and in that the Saugor districts, whose rethe Saugor country were assign venues were estimated at 70,000, ed to us, until these revenues, should remain in our possession ; amounting to 1,35,000 a year, and that the Kandeish districts should pay it off. Credit was should be restored to thc Durtaken for the amount of the debt bar. Their revenues estimated at on the settlement of accounts on 73,000 rupees, being paid to us the 5th of November 1828 ; but by the Durbar, six months in adstill the territory and its revenues vafice, so that we might always were allowed to remain in our have the funds for the payment possession, for the purpose origi of the troops in our own hands ; nally stipulated. or failing tKis, that we should ap- The stipends however gradưal- propriate the Kotah and Oonaily fell in to our Government, or ser tributes payable through ub, were lost to the Contingent. First, The funds for on the death of the Maharajah the payment of the Contingent and his daughter, four lakhs were thus standing as follows: Tribute from Kotah, 1,06,118 Seven Kotees, 10,998 Joudpore, ... 1,04,004 Collections from Gürree Kohter,... 35,000 Mallhone, 20,000 Juwal Chapra, 90,000 Rutlem and Salanah, 1,21,380 4,87,500 Those matters settled, the next be expended in the maintenance question was, how this sum could of troops, most advantageously to that purpose. ... .. ... .. .. . . ... ... ... ...

·Of the several Native Governments. 641 for our interests, and those of These districts, when made over to Scindiah's Government. It was us, yielded a revenue of 1,35,000, supposed that the eleven hundred but, under our management, inhorse which remained, and which creased to upwards of 200,000 this sum would pay, might not rupees, which was the total given, be sufficient to maintain itself un when we restored it to Scindiah in der all circumstances of probable 1837: thus we sacrificed upwards occurrence in so extensive a field; of 60,000 rupees a year, and what and there was also considered a was worse, did a grievous injugplan for transferring a portion of tice to the people.com the Cavalry to the Durbar, and in The established strength of the their stead raising a good regi; reformed Contingent was a Rement of Infantry, and a company giment of Cavalry, consisting, as of Artillery. The Resident was, they do at present, of a Captain after some further discussion with Commandant, a Captain 2nd in Government, desired to organize Command, an Adjutant 400 Brithe force, in conformity with his tish Levies, and 200 Mahratta own suggestion. He stated at the Horse. time, that he was sensible that A Light Field Battery, under a the scveral arms of the Force Captain Commandant, armed with would bear no just proportion to two long 9-pounders, and two 24- one another, but for this he saw pounder howitzers. at present no remedy. It was im A Regiment of Infántry conportant to throw back on the sisting of a Captain Commandant, Durbar as few horse as possible, 2nd in Command, and an Adjuand the number transferred was tant and 640 bayanets. equal to the pay of only onc Re The Cavalry receive 30 Changiment of Infantry and a Compa daree rupees a month, the Artilny of Artillery. lery and Infantry receive the same The Kandeish lands were res pay as corresponding ranks in the tored to the Durbar as the means Company's Army. It may not of gaining its consent to the rc be inappropriate to remark that form of the Contingent, -a meathe salaries of the European Offiare highly condemited by the cers in employ under the Mahrat- Home Government, who sent out ta Government are greater than instructions to endeavour to re those given by any other indecover the district at any price. pendent Native State. 4TH.-MALWA CONTINGENT. > Triis Contingent has its origin tempted in any portion of this in the treaty of Mundasoor, of Contingent ; nor has it been offi- January 1818, by the 9th Article cered in a manner to render its of which, Holkar stipulated to re services very important to us, for tain in his service, ready to co any other purpose than that of operate with our troops, a body maintaining the peace of Malwa, of not less than 3,000 horse, for and in many respects of performwhose regular payment a suitable ing, what may be considered, the arrangement must be made. No police duties of that province. reform, until lately, has been at United with the Malwa Contin.

·642 The “ Contingent Forces" gent are 600 sclect horse, whose and destruction of Laljee Poservices we are entitled to, through tail, in 1831-32, certainly preventthe 12th Article of the same cd a very general rising against treaty, from Nawab Guffer Khan, us in that country. whose possessions, formerly held <It appears to me that much of unaided from Holkar, we gua the usefulness of this body of ranteed in perpetuity to his Cavalry has been sacrificed by family, on condition of maintain- placing it under the command ing this select body of horse, in of an officer having important constant reatiiness for service, to political duties to perform, which be increased in strength too, as must have rendered his attention the resources of the districts grant- to the discipline and efficiency ed to him should increase. This of this body of troops, of very inbody of Cavalry, properly com ferior importance in his eyes. To manded by native chiefs, acting remedy this in some degree, the under the authority of the only Contingent has, in the course oflate two European officers who have years, been broken into two divi. ever belonged to it, should have sions, and one of them removed been sufficient to preserve the from Mehidpore to Rajwas, a place tranquillity of Malwa, and doubt situated on the high road between less they have done much toward Sarungpore and Shahjehanpore, that end: but that country always a part of the country which had has been, till lately, in a very un continued in a very disturbed state, settled state: they, and the Bhopal until this movement was made. A and Scindiah's Contingent, have degrce of reform has been carried however savedays from the neces into effect, and this portion of sity of calling on our troops into the Contingent is well armed, well active service from either of our mounted, and disciplined. stations at Mhow or Neemuch, ex-: Thetwo Contingents have again cept some short time against the been united and organized, as far as Bheels; and when a portion of the circunstances would admit, aſter Contingent, under Captain Mc the model of Scindiah's Contin- Mahon's command, in the attack gent. 5TH.-GUDPORE LEGION. arose By the 8th Article of the trea ther it was meant that they should ty of Joudpore, dated 6th of only occasionally be called into January 1818, Mabarafah Mân Qperation, in case of war, or other Sing stipulates to " furnish 1500 contingencies, rendering it desirhotse for the service of the Bri able to employ them for a time. In tish Government, whenever re addition to this contingent, Joudquired." Some doubts pore was, like many other suboramongst the authorities of our dinate states, bound by the same own Government, and to the inter- article of the same treaty, to furpretation which shduid be given nish the whole of the forces of to this article of the treaty; whe the State, to.serve with the Brither it was meant that the ser tih army, except such as were vices of these 1500' horse should required for its own internal adalways be at our disposals or whe ministration.

·Of the scveral Native Governments. 643 The tone maintained by Raja commuted into a money-payınent, Mân Sing towards us, had always amounting to something less than been of so unfriendly a nature, 1,20,000, which may be consithat when, in 1832-33, we were dered equal to the pay of 1500 collecting our force to subdue the horse of this description, for four refractory in Shekawattee, and months in the year; and a Legion another for service against the has accordingly been formed to Nuggur Parkur and other plun the extent which this sum will derers, it seems to have been re maintain, and placed under the solved to enforce co-operation on command of British Officers. But his part, according to the letter of it is under-paid, and not organizthe treaty. He furnished on the ed on those true Military princione account 1500 horse, and on the ples, which alone can render other, 500 horse and 1000 foot ; troops useful to us in the day of but both parties so badly equip our difficulty, or creditable to us ped, and so iN-disposed, that the" at any time. The Legion is lcast that could be said of them however 'advantageously posted was, that they failed in the poron the line of our communication formance of their duty, and the between Rajpootana and Guzesupposition generally was, that rat, in which situation it cannot in the latter service they acted fail to be useful in keeping open treacherously. that .communication, and in preserving the peace of the stntry, The obligation under which This Legion consists of a Re- Joudpore was to furnish troops, giment of Cavalry, and one of In. whatever might be the right way fantry, with three European Offi. of interpreting it, has since been cers attached. 6TH.-BUOPAL CONTINGENT. By the 6th Article of the treaty of Bhopal, of February 1818, the Nuwab stipulates to furnish 600 horse and 400 infantry for the scrvice of the British Government when required; and to mark its sense of his zeal and fidelity in our cause, and to enable him to maintain the stipulated Contingent ; five mahuls, which he had conquered in the course of the war, from the Peshwar, were granted in perpetuity to Bhopal, by the 10th Article of the same treaty. The services of such a body of troops were not likely to bc very useful to us, and in 1824, the im. portant measure was here adopted of reforming the Contingent. It was placed under the command of an European Officer, with whom the monthly distribution of pays and the promotion of its several ranks, were to rest; but in order that the several arms should harmonize with one another, it was necessary to relinquish the services of a portion of the Cavalry, and the numbers were fixed at 300, the Infantry at 673, to which were attached two 6-pounders, with a proportich of Artillery-men.. During late years, a reform has been introduced ; the force has been reduced in numbers, but rendered nrore efficient by being better armed and equipped. VOL. 1. NO. IX.

·644 Stanzas. The funds for the payment of Like small tracts of country in this force only amount to about such situations managed by us, 1,20,000 rupees a year, and the they should afford an example of Political Agent, and the Officer our wisdom, the origin of our commanding it, are so miserably strength and power; and when ocpinched in their resources—there casion offered, show a lesson of the being no reserved fund to meet immeasurable superiority of discontingencies--that they cannot ciplined over undisciplined troops. enter on any measure of improve There is no danger that any of ment requiring the smallest out the natives of this country, as we lay; whilst the districts so gra: now find them, will have either tuitously assigned to Bhopal, are the industry, or perseverance, or said to yield a revenue of about "honesty, so to copy from us in this four lakhs of rupees per annum. respect, as to render their qlisci. pline formidable to our power. There is no doubt that troops " Half the number of good troops in this position, within the territo would, in such a position, be betries of a native state, and under ter than the whole of those we the command of British Officers, now maintain at Sehore; for I can should be of the very first quality never understand that it is the as to field and internal discipline; duty of our Contingents, under instead of being an almost bad British Officers, to take the part imitation of our own Local Regi- of the Police within the territoments, to draw a comparison be ries of Foreign States. tween things very different in L. themselves. (To be continued.) STANZAS. FAREWELL ! Farewell, I may not reet thee more, Till from this earth our spirits upward soar, In heaven to dwell. Yet unto me The memory of past happy days, Shall beam upon me like the sun's last rays Upon the sea. Whose fitful gleam Lights for a while the deep profound, Gijding eadh green and sparkling wave around, Then fades like to a dream. D. M. C.

·[ 645 ] LINDENSTOWE. A TALE. "SERENA will be our days, and bright, Apd happy will our nature be, When love is an unerring Ught, And joy its own security," WORDSWORTI. •BOOK THE SECOND. CIASTER VII. « Santa the pages. When Fred. returned from the single word, “ Madonna !" and Hall, he brought back the re just beneath was penciled in writport of the Doctor who had come ing, which Arthur remembered over thus early from Hastings to to be that of Miss Mills, visit the patient. It was not a Carolina Mia !" He carelessly favourable one. Emily was exlooked over Ву ceedingly weak: her sleep, which chance he observed a passage had been heavy, seemed to have marked with a pencil line-it was left her utterly exhausted rather this: than refreshed, so that apprehensions were more serious than they "Ahi crudo amor ch'equalmente no sucide L'assenzio e'l mel cbe tu fra noi dispensi." had been at first. Delafield at once determined to return to His imagination immediately London, and postpone his visit till begun to work. Why should these another occasion. Arthur also lines have struck the reader more was proposing to leave, but Fred. tHan others ? It was nothing that begged him not to do so, but the there was no sort of connexion berather to stay, as in this trial, tween the passage and the circumfriendly converse and solace would stances of himself and Emily be doubly valued. it was nothing that there was no After breakfast the three friends evidence Emily had made the started for the Hall-Claude to mark-it was nothing that the take leave of Mr. Everett. Whilst beauty of the words might easily Fred. took Delafield into his fa. have suggested a note of mere adther's library, Arthur went into miration in no way indicative of the drawing-room. There was the personal feelings of the reader. no one there. He almost instinc No, it must be Emily, she must be, tively moved 'up to the little in love, she marked the passage, work-table at which Emily, usu because it coincided with the ally sat. Her work and a few pleasurable melancholy of a maidbooks lay on it, just as she had en's love, because it hinted at left them. the sweet and the bitter, the hope He took up a volume. It was and the fear, alike fatal to the a beautifully bound little copy of young heart's peace! Yes ;- it Tasso. On the fly leaf was writ must be so; ir love ; and with ten, in an elegant clear hand, the whom? - ·646 Lindenstowe-A Tale. He turned over the leaves in He loved, wooed, and won her ; all directions hastily to look for and five or six months from the other marks : there did not seem day he departed in blue devils to be any. He shook the book ; from Norbourn gate, he was startthere might be a paper of notes ing for the continent with his fassomewhere in it. A flower fell cinating bride by his side. So out. He picked it up; it was a small seem to us sometimes the poor, flat, and faded shadow of a causes which influence in its most flower now, but it had been a litimportant points, our fate in life! tle pink hedge flower. He re In three days Emma seemed a membered he had plucked such a' little better Arthur was most one some nights since when walk anxious to see her, possessed as he ing with Emily, and had asked her how thought he was of some proofs its name. Just then Fred. came of her love. This was soon into the room; thcir common friend granted him-and she was well was going off by the coach ; so 'enough to leave her room, and they started to accompany him to once again he pressed her thin the lodge gate by the high road. hand, and sat by her side and lis- Claude was moody and abstracted : tened to her sweet but broken the coach drove up; he wished voice. She had told him, when good bye in a downcast voice, there seemed no reason for believand took his seat. The last time ing it to be a true instinct, that she he had come down, he had been had a presentiment of death, and much struck with Caroline; withnow, when a dangerous accident in the last year he had had a large had happened, and that coming increase of income from the death event appeared really to be castof his father, and he had left the ing its black shadow before, she Government office, and been ad seemed, strenge delusion ! to bemitted as a junior partner in the lieve she should recover and live. influential house of which his fa- Ferhaps, nay, rather let us say ther had been head. He was cortainly, this hallucination, which therefore in a position to marry, all must have observed, is kindly and very wisely also wishing to sent, but the little anticipations of There appeared no rea restored health, the little dreams of son why he should not be success happiness still in reserve, the few ful in asking Caroline's hand ; she smiles of hope and the few words seemed to like him, and the match of cheerfulness-these, when death would be a reasonable one. has once silenced them all with his But circumstances happened to stern negative, are amongst the dismiss him, without offering him saddest thoughts, at the memory any opportunity of coming for of which tears can ever start to ward: So the Cuach drove him the eyes of the survivors. Emily off to another scene and another was certainly a little stronger, destiny. and the Doctor was most anxious He determined to spend his to take advantage of the circumholiday with an old Untle in stance, to get her down to a Yorkshire, where, being for a few warmer climate. He proposed weeks thrown habitually with a Torquay, in Devonshire. Arm brilliant and accomplished cousin, thur knew the place well, and ofhe was soon prostrate at her feet. fered his services as an avant do so.

·Lindenstowe-A Tale. 647 courier to take a house. This rose to leave her, but recovering proposal was gladly accepted, and bersclf, she begged him to stay, in a few days poor Emily, with as Emily was going out in a Bath the Mother, Caroline and Fred., chair, and " You can go too," she were settled in a pretty villa sur said; "the poor girl would like rounded with a beautiful garden, it.” Presently after, the chair which Arthur had chosen for arrived, and Arthur went down them. Georgiana went home, and and waited at the front door. In Mrs. Everett and George stayed a few minutes Emily was carried for a while at Norbourn. Short out in George's strong arms, for ly after, Arthur returned to his both he and his father had now parsonage, but he frequently heard joined the party. She put out from Fred. The accounts were her emaciated hand to Arthur, and unfavorable; Emily was sinking; smiled faintly. He walked by the languors were increasing, and the side of the chair : he knew there seemed no power of rallying: he must not talk to her, as she As Gilston was only 20 miles was to be quite calm and quiet from Torquay, in about three when she was out, but still he was wecks' time Arthur went in for a near her, and that silent walk few days to see the Everetts. He lived for years after on his rememcalled at their house, and was brance. When they returned and shown into the drawing-room. the Bath chair stopped again at Mrs. Everett was there alone; she the door, Emily secmcd indisposwas sitting straight up on the so ed to move for a minute or two, fa, with her eyes cast down and and to wish to look at the prosmotionless. She did not speak pect. And indeed a fairer scene or move when Arthur entered the is not rarely to be scen; the slope room, and he sat down quietly of the lawn was covered with a opposite her. At last he asked verdure seldom found so near the gently, if there was any improve-' sea, and it was girt with beautiful ment to-day. Mrs. Everett rais shrubs which shut out all view of ed up both her arms, and rock the town ; but over their tops ing herself to and fro, cried two or stretched the Bay, dancing in three times in a shrill yet whisper- gems of light--a boat at some ed voice of agony, " i shall lose distance, with all sails spread, lay my child--I shall lose my child." as if it was asleep ; and a boy's Had she been an hysterical wp voice, who was singing in it, came man, given to scenes and smelling quite distinctly to the ear-the bottles, she would still, in such hazy gleam hupg on the opposite affliction, have demanded sympa coast, and softened the bluff outthy, but need not have awoke line of Berry Head. Emily's check pathos; but that calm matron, was drawn, which gave her naturwith her plain, honest mind, her ally a melancholy look; but still regulated but warm affections, to her eye was calm and subdued, see her in the throes of this bit and though hope had now faded ter moment to see this heart so from it, there was the gentle silent in its love, so plecid in its fire of patience burning dimly constancy, stirred to its deepest there. She sat gazing on the fountains, O God I it was not beautiful scene for a while, then thing to be forgotten. Arthur turning to Arthur and the na- ·648 Lindenstowe-A Tale. was tural tears of earth now trembled With this the stout man strode in her lids--she said, "The Agony into bis phaeton again, and the was in a Garden !" Brief words great Litchfield and his watch, indeed ! but not forgotten by and a vast fund of medical knowthose who caught them, for they ledge, were removed from sight. were hallowed in after memory Arthur hurricd back to his inn, as some of the latest those lips and having written a few words were to utter. of sympathy to Fred., hired a At a place like Torquay, where boat, and sailed far out beyond so many come in the advanced the Bay. And a whole long day stages of consumption, and where he was out on the sea-scarcely death is so frequent, there is a in sight of land, which lay along certain familiarity amongst the the horizon like clouds. He was trades-people and others, with the not stunned; he was not borne subject, and a certain common down by his feelings-he was sad place, but not intentionally heart with a sadness whith filled his less way of alluding to it, that as eyes with warm tears, and his tonishes a stranger. The mornheart with overflowing pathos. ing after the walk, Arthur was And well he knew that day, going early to inquire what sort how meet a companion for all our of night the patient had had. moods, is the everlasting sea ! As he was nearing the house, a If I mention how young Harbaker's boy, with a basket at his vey Everett bore tho shock, I back, who I suppose had seen would not convey the impression Arthur with the Everetts, stopped that he not affected-for him and said, “ Please, sir, it's indeed he was particularly attachno use your going." ed to Emily ; but still how he Why not ?" asked Arthur, passed the time of mourning forgetting the strangeness of the was characteristic. He sent to boy's, abrupt address, in his ans. tite Library, and got all the iety to hear any news of the fureral orations and books on poor girl. death he could nect with, and sat "Because," answered the lad, down steadily to read them. He " they died at Arcadia at 4 o'clock did it, if I may so say, to master this inorning-cook say8---fry the subject, but it was unconscipleasantly." ously wise in another sense—for Just then a phaeton pulled up how gracious a consoler employin the road, and a stout, troubled ment is! man, with a watch in his hand, As Harvey is not likely to apstrode out towards Chester. pear much in this narrative again, “ Miss Everett's gone-rather I relate another anecdote of sudden but calm-Synother and sis him here, and the more so, as it ter tranquil-heard from your fa occurred at this time during the ther, Mr. Chester ? my compli few dark days before the funeral. ments when you writer-I say He and his father (the other two Sir Andrew Martext is at the Ho brothers had gone out privately telI saw his name in the book on the sea) took the advantage last night-cold meat on Sundays, of early morning to get out of the and no more clean boots till fur cưrtained and oppressive house, ther notice-ha! ha! ha!" and walk on the shore. Harvey 1 may .

·Lindenstowed Tale. 649 row "! was moody and distressed--sor “My dear Harvey, explain was making his resolution yourself," said Mr. Everett. flag a little. At last he murmur " Why, father," said Harvey, ed out- “ Sir Isaac Newton said that " A few shells on the beach all he had done was to pick up a few shells on the beach I don't a few shells on the beach, and like that.' to catch a glimpse of the sea. What !" he continued to himself, “What do you mean ?" asked and looking down the Bay as he his father. spoke-"life, health, hope, every “Why, he unriddled the Hea thing given up to the pursuit, and vens," " answered Harvey, and ac the end a few shells, and a glimpse cumulated vast masses of know of a boundless sea! I hope it ledge on many subjects." is not true!” CHAPTER VIII. some It was the same year as that ed back again. Mr. Lattimer's with of whose summer door was unlatched-he entered, events we have been made ac and feebly climbing up stairs, quainted, and an autumn day in went into a bed-room on the London about the time of after drawing-room floor, which was noon, when a young man of some usually occupied by any guest what gentlemanly bearing, though who might be staying in the in worn and shabby clothes, was house. The footman, who had walking with the faltering step been for a moment into the area of extreme illness down Russell of the next house, as the wont of Square. He seemed scarcely con footmen is, was surprised on his scious where he was going, and return to find the door he had took no notice of the passers-by, left just ajar, wide open; aną footbut keeping close by the area marks on the oil cloth in the railings, staggered along as well as Hall and on the stair carpet. In he could in the direction of Mr. fear that some daring thief had Lattimer's house. Once indeed slipped into the house, following he did stop a little gentleman thgmarks, he rushed up stairs and with black gloves, and a roll in his into the bed-room to which they hand like music, and asked him led. What was his astonishment for an orange ; but it was in so at finding a young man stretched strange a voice, and the eyes of on the floor! He went up, and the speaker seemed to gaze 80 seizing the intruder, shook bim wildly on vacancy, that the little violently, but to no purpose, for gentleman, with a timid move insensibility had come on, and you ment, accelerated his pace with- might as well have shaken the dead. out answering. The uneven steps The servant, not knowing what to had now reached Mr. Lattimer's do, was running down to give an door, and still continued their alarm, and, to fetch the Police, course for a house or to beyond, when he met Mr. Lattimer comwhen the young man stopped and ing in. ing in. He hurriedly sold his looked about him for a minute as. master what had happened, and if he was pazzled, and then turn that a stranger way lying in the ·650 Lindenstowc-A Tale. house. It was a stranger to this Alban; and a very short time afservant, who had not been long in ter, Eva was acquainted with the the family, but to poor Lattimer, fact, that her cousin was in the when he had ascended to the house, dangerously ill. A few room--the familiar form of Alban more minutes sufficed to bring Hescott. Thus they met, after her to her father's knees, entreatmany months'estrangement. Sup- ing to be allowed to nurse Alban. posing Alban at first to be drunk, Remembrances of his mother Mr. Lattimer was very angry, . came over Lattimer, and perhaps and loudly called to the servant for the first time a misgiving, as to fetch a Constable ; but looking to whether he had not a good in the face of the prostrate man, deal assisted to make Alban what and taking up his burning hand, he was. Eva obtained permisit was evident illness was upon sion. And from that evening him: so pity took the place of there was a week of weary days anger, and the first order was and weary nights, the fever changed to that of fetching the working its fiery way. Throb- Doctor. Lattimer lifted up Al- bing pulse and wildcred head, ban and laid him on the bed, and the parched and bloodless lip, thc after a while, a physician from a burning eye, all bespoke the fearneighbouring square came in. ful wrestle with the shadow. This was a dreamy, faded, old Strange, incoherent words, burst man, with no particular practice, out hurriedly ; mad pkrases told and very loose teeth. They dis the tangled thoughts and fitful, turbed you whenever he spoke, lawless fancy. Now he was in for they made sudden leaps, like the tropics, now in the tavern ; the hammers in an open piano, again he was alone on the sea, and you could not conceive how, shouting for help. under the contingency of a crust, Still throughout all this, poor or gnashing in a dream, they Ewa never tired of her task, and escaped being swallowed, or fall- pesformed, with wonderful enduing out Lattimer rance, such sick-room duties, as wished to have Alban taken to a could properly belong to her, lahospital, or some lodging near vishing on the unconscious suffer. but the old Doctor positively for er those thousand gentle minisbad his being moved that night, trics, which the gentle heart of saying that he could not be res woman alone can suggest. Not ponsible for the consequences. wholly unconscious indeed did the The ladies were out when this oc sufferer always seem,--sometimes currence happened ; and on their he appeared dimly to recognise return, Lattimer went down to the influence of a kindly presence. meet them, and told them a For amidst wild words and scnstranger had been talten ill in the tences the ear could not interpret, street, and had been temporarily would come a softer tone that received into the house, till he syllabled a woman's name. Oh could go to hospitalnext day. But balm to the watcher's heart had Martha, who had gone into the that name been her own! Ansick mta's room with the nurse, guish and sorrow that it was anwhom it was necessary to provide, other's, for the gentle voice murfound out that the stranger was mured "Kate !" And that voice en masse.

·Lindenstowe-A Tale. 651 seemed to obtain an instinctive her, but seemed not surprised to answer, for cvery night of that see her. After a few inquiries, week when it was dark, a female he abruptly and warmly enterknocked at the area door, to ask ed on bis future prospects ; said how the sick man was. And this if Mr. Lattimer would only let was the unfortunate Kate. Alban, him have the money he had first when he found he was getting ill, given, that a fortune could yet had left her with the intention of be made in America. He spoke going to Mr. Lattimer to ask for very bitterly against London, and money, for he had spent his last declared if he only had enough to shilling, and feared to meet sick eat any where in a wild country, ness in this destitute state. But, he should be happy. Then he he did not return, and she, conjec- begged Eva to call Mr. Lattimer, turing that soinething had hap that he might make another appened to him, hung about Rus-, peal for help to leave England. sell Square, the next day, in the He was talking with great vihopes of hearing of him; and see vacity on these subjects, when Eva ing a Doctor calling at the Latti ran to call her father, and when mers', hai concluded Alban was they both returned together, Allying there ill. Towards night ban had relapsed into insensibility. she dressed herself as plainly as she At twelve that night, the patient could, and summoning courage, was much worse. He would shout went down into Mr. Latrimer's loudly for a minute or two, and area, and knocked gently at the then speak for a length of time door. The cook came, when poor with the greatest possible rapidi- Kate asked in a quiet voice if Mr. ty. Eva occasionally now heard Hescott was not ill in the house, her own name amongst a volume and if so, what was the report of of half articulated words. It was his state. The cook hesitated ea fearful sight-his sharp features, moment wliether she would an far sharper now with the worry swer : but her better nature pre- of the fover; his shaven head, with vailed, and she replied that Alban the leech marks disfiguring it; was in the house, and was dangere the unnatural fire burning from ously ill. And from that night out of the sunken sockets of his Kate always came at dusk to make eyes, the ceaseless trouble wearinquiries; and though the cooking, wearing on his brain, and exsuspected what she was, and felt hausting his agitated frame. Teragainst her some little portion of rible struggle! But the shadow that indignant curiosity which un was getting the appermost hald ! tempted virtue too often enter “ He must mend, or perish tains towards , unhappy frailty, to-morrow, at noon," said the functie still there was such anxiety in the ed physician, shaking his head girl's voice, and so subdued an air mournfully, rather to the péril about her, deprecating reproach, of his teeth. that it was impossible not to an- And to-horrow, at noon, when swer her questions. the autumnalosun was resting on The week passed; it was even the partially hushed streets of ing. Eva was sitting by the sick mid-day London; when the ties of bed, when suddenly the insen this world, were tightest around šibility left Alban. He knew the hearts of men ; when,' amidat VOL. I.NO. IX.. a ·652 Lindenstowea A Tale. their ledgers and money-bags, fixed between the living gazers they had more especially banished and that strange thing they were the thoughts of anything but earth looking upon--and they felt and it was then that poor Alban knew that a mystery hung over had finally to give up American the room, not akin to any thing and all other schemes, and to look of our earthly experience. for himself into that secret which It was wonderful how calm kings and wise men have desired Kate was;-deadly pale it is true, to know, and have not known. but tearless, motionless. "Tis a terrible thing to see a strong man die, but we have said enongh. She and the cook got down That night the accustomed again, without being perceived, to knock was heard in the the area door, and then they kissarca. The cook stood for a minute or ed and parted. two before opening the door, with But the poor girl was hardly a bcatiny heart, and not cure whe out of the area, when she utterther she could speak; and she ed a loud cry, and her sobbing could not make up her mind to could be heard, when her fast say anything when she had openretreating footsteps were almost ed it, but the silence was underout of the square. stood. Kate stood perfectly still And a few nights afterwards, for a minute, and then knelt sud the evening of Alban's funeral, denly down at the cook's feet, which Kate had attended, and had and begged her to grant one thrown a little earth into his humble petition, as they would grave, her last tribute-she stood never meet again. What was it? on Waterloo Bridge. She look- To se'c bim. Cook formed her re cd down at the black river, but solution at once, and taking Kate with no evii thought of seeking by the land, they went softly up-- its fatal depths. She was rememstairs together. They entered the bering then that these waters room. The curtains of the bed some hours before had passed by were closed, except at the bottom, a country village, had slided but before they had reached there, through a well known meadow, the girl quivered in every fibre. and borne on their bosom for an Kate had seen it in the mirror, instant the shadow of a home! and they stood together at the Should she tear herself from the cibottom of the bed, all pride, all ty; should she fing herself at her sin, all difference forgotten in that father's feet; should she meet the solemn presence. The struggle shame and bear the reproach, and was over now. No more burning venture once more to think of God of the cye, no more wearing of and herself? But these better the brain; that was all finished. feelings were checked by the ter- He lay as still as if he was sleep rible barrier of the circumstances ing out in the prairie, or the fo which so often cncircle to oppose rest of his early imagination. the repentance of a fallen woman. And yet, O God l how unlike The force of her own habits; the sleep. There was a great gulph presence of wants; the harsh- *" Tot res repente circumvallant unde emergi non potest vis, egestas, injustitie, politudo, infacnia."TERENCI., ·Lindenstowe-A Tale. 653 ness of the world; the lack of companion of the same unhappy sympathy; the weight of disre sisterhood called to her to come pute. along-poor Kate turned back And, alas ! however sad, it into the crowds and gas-lights of would be false to describe it as the town, to seek, in laughter and surprising, that when a passing wine, oblivion of her sorrows. CHAPTER IX. 11 his grave. one a . ALBAN was buried in Kensal “ Dead ! you don't say so," Green cemetery. It was Eva's cried Mr. Israel Smith; "why, particular desire that he should lio what did he go and do that for? out in the open space, and with the I am very sorry to hear it." trees and grass he loved, around ** Master Alban won't like it," thrust in the bad farmer with a His death was not wholly unfierce chuckle; "it's dry work, felt in a rough, profligate way, I warrant, down along with the old worms.' amongst the unworthy circle he " Don't talk of such dem'd had unfortunately chosen for his slow subjects," said Captain Stacompanions. A party were seated at a table in as upper house, pleton : I am sorry the boy has got into trouble, but they you where singing went on after the in know, he always was theatres. One was Bennett, now scrape or another. It would not reckless and lost man, and at this have happened to any other man; moment supping on the last remit is Hescott all over. Gin and nant of the little furniture once water for one here, waiter." 80 neatly kept at the homely But there was a blank amongst Haswells ! Another was Captain them for all their bluster. And Stapleton, a handsome man, with when Mr. Israel Smith was called apparently no relation, occupation, on to sing, and when he offered, or money-no where in the morn- (as his custom was) a song on ing-- neatly dressed towards suntolerably broad topics, though set at a Jew Tobacconist's, and the audience were exceedingeverywhere where he ought not to be, in full feather, all night. A ly gratified, and the performer concluded, amidst a crash of pewthird -abroad farmer sort of man, ter and a tornado of encorcs, & with ficrce wicked facesional visitor at these places from soberer critic might have discerned a little giving in some of the country. To these entered the notes. But this Mr. Israel Mr. Israel Smith-the comic Smith'subsequently corrected with singera little gentleman, whose brandy. eye-brows turned up at the ends. Eva, though deeply affected by “Well, Mr. Bennett," said he, Alban's death, was calmer if sad “ where is young Hescott ? We der than before. The excitement have not seen him here for a long of uncertainty, the anxiety of hope time." had left her. Shall I be bought " He's dead," answered Ben to be describing a fickle and unnett; "well out of a bad business, worthy character, when I say that I wish I was too." with a calmer state of mind, the an occa- 1 ·654 Lindenstowe-A Tale. remembrances of Arthur came and at last concealed all that it had strongly back. For in thoughts of struggled with and overcome. death, and in solemn moods of soul, Young Inigo Lopez lies sick we yearn for the synıpathy of a of wounded legs, in the castle of delicate spirit, and somehow Eva Loyala-reads the “ Flowers of had always associated the idea of the Saints," and his destiny is consolation with her affection for fixed ! Arthur, so that now again, in the These are strange periods. days of distress, the thoughts of With genius, when it displays him seemed in a way naturally itself in Art, they frequently octo occur. But her strength had cur--they precede and introduce been severely tried, and indica- the execution of each work. tions of failing health were press They are not regularly revolving tliemselves upon her. She ing hours - coming round with felt an apathetic lassitude steal mathematical correctness: long ing over her, affecting, not only time the soul-less canvass stands her physical frame, but extending untouched ; the insensate marble itselt' to the inind, and producing remains a shapeless block; and a kind of stupor of the feeling. at length the spirit comes, glides Norah was a bad companion for the brush, resounds the chisel, her in this stato, for the calmness and thought is brought to birth. of the impassive little woman be Arthur was an Artist; he was a came an encouragement to the Poct: he was not, it is true, one other, to give in to her languor, of those masters of song, sent, and unresisted, it naturally gained alas ! too geldom, and for too brief ground. a period, for whilst the entranced Such was Eva in the winter of world is yet listening, behold, they 1845. are departeu : he was not, I say, one of these, but he was one of And how was it with Arthur a gifted band, whose sweet, if Chester? humble voice, reaches many a In the lives of men of genius hearth and many a chamber-corthere are mysterious periods, ner, and the pages of whose little when they seem not as others ; messenger volumes, carry plexwhen the afflatus is upon them; sure and consolation to the sensiwhen their looks, their thoughts, tive and the good, in secluded their actions, seem rather to be spots. directed by some spirit which This November was a time to they cannot resiut, than by their be remembered by Arthur. own common will. With genius, The later autumn of a woody wken is developes itself in action, district is a period full of suggesthese periods mostly precede the tive imagery. The last leaves career, suggesting the aim, and fluttering on top-most branches ; prophesying the end. Cromwell the melancholy moaning of the on the sea-beach-asis related of wind through the skeleton trees ; him-musing for hours in a grave the warnk sunlight; no song of silence.! Perbaps watching the birds, no hum of insect; desolatide, marking how, by gradualtion and silence : the faded foliage and steady advances, it bravely rots on the damp earth. Every surmountegl sand-ridge and rock, where the End seems brooding as ·Lindenstowe-A Tale. 655 in Aztlan, when the fifth sun was “ Poems," by Arthur Chester, setting, and the cycle of the years standing forth without presumpwas 'full. And perhaps, to the tion, but with proper boldness, to lower animals, devoid of a faith in answer for what he had not lightthe future, or unable to conceite ly performed, with no atteinpt to of renovation, each fading year re-produce the language of Elimay come, with all the woe of ut zabeth's day, which would be ter extinction. merely antiquarianism and affecta- Rare time for the Poet! Richer tion. lIe had deeply studied the inspiration in this glorious havoc, old Makers of that period, and, than in all the sun's of summer had tried to catch some of their or of May ! rares kill in the handling of our By dreary wold ; by swelled tongue as an instrument. For and Cretful brook ; in the hushed truly thcy had a singular percepaisles of the discolored woods : tion of the picturesque position there was Arthur Chester, drink- and musical capabilities of words. ing in the eloquence of the sca What decp diapasons when they son and the scene. would be solemn and appalling; And thoughts from the depth what Lydian lightness when they of his heart grew and were mouldwould be gay! ed into shape, for art formed them, And then, again, when they and gave them unity and com would be graphic, how holdly pleteness. Towards the close of they bring out the suggestive the winter he found he had now words, proving what Jean Paul materials enough for a sinall vo has remarked, that a few outlines lume. So selecting with caution, may give a better idea often, than and yet with contidence, from his minute finishing portfolios, what he considered most If there was a tone of sadness worthy, he laid it before the public. pervading the volume, which He estimated what he had writ- might seem unhealthy to a vigoten to be poems, or lle would not rous inind, it must be rememberhave published them; therefore ed that Arthur had experienced he did not deprecate or forestal much mental suffering, and that criticism, by calling his volume he was one of those Pocts, whose Rhymes' or " Verses" or Me- wrilings are only a reflex of trical Pieces," He entitled it themselves and their feelings. End of Book the Second. W.VVVVVV ·[ 656 ] UNDECEPTION. ) 12 story! Not alone does Hope's enchantment Lure us with deceitful beam; False, too, is the shadow mirror'd In the depths of Memory's stream. Fresh, as in life's first experience, Long have seem'd the visions fair; But if now we search the picture,.. Time and change are spoilers there ! Open now the fairy pages, That delighted so of yore, Rhyme, or tale, or ancient legend, Boyhood's long-remember'd lore. And how vapid grown the All unfelt the magic sway! Yet the first and fund impression, Has surviv'd for many a day. Trace again the green haunts trodden, When the foot and heart were light, When earth seem'd the seat of gladness, Home of all things rare and bright. Ah! where now has shrunk and vanishid, All that we could once admire ? Where the charm that once invested, Village green, and taper spire ? See a gently swelling upland, Where the hills were wont to rise ! See the houses, fields, and pathways, Dwindl'd down to half their size ! . Absence did not so pourtray them, Ne'er of changefulness we dream'd; Still in mental vision seem'd they, As to childhood's eye they seein'd. And I err -To Fancy only, Things of old look dim and strange ; They remain in wonted semblance, Ours the lapse, and ours the change! But, if tarnish'd seem the image, Fled the dream that pleas'd so long; Still be cherish'd green in memory, Clildhood's haunt, and thought, and song ! For the early faith and feelings Have not sprung and wax'd in vain ; While they in the past have sooth'd 118, And tu soothe us, still remain.-Alif.

·[ 657 ) MARY OF BURGUNDY. an To the thoughtful student of he was speedily apprized of the French history, the most impor- victory gained by the Swiss under tant and instructive epochs are the walls of Nancy. Of the fate the reigns of Charlemagne, of of the Duke personally, nothing Louis ix., and of Louis XI., indeed was as yet known ; but the life of Catherine de Medici, it was evident that his power the ministry of Richelieu, and was irretrievably ruined, and the latter half of the Eighteenth yet worse--that the spell was Century. broken, and his dread name had It is difficult for the modern lost the fascination of success. reader to thiffk of France other: The King immediately resolved wise than as the colossal, but to seize possession of the Duchy compact power, which now con of Burgundy, and of the other stitutes that Republic; nor can territories Charles had held of he readily bring himself to un the French Crown. Were the derstand how its worst eneinics Duke's star once more to rise in ancient times have been incor in the ascendant, it would be porated into its firmly-knit frame. easy to restore them on advan- Of all the turbulent and virtually tageous terms, pleading as independent subjects of the French excuse for the apparent violence Crown, none was more formid in the first instance, the necessity able than the Dukes of Burgun of saving them from falling undy, until Louis XI. gucceeded in der the sway of the Empire. It annexing to his own dominions was also a part of Louis' schome the Duchy, properly so called, to unite the Heiress of Burguntogether with its subordinate dy to the Dauphin, and thus, County, The selfish and rest by pacific means, annex that imless ambition of Charles the Rash portant principality to his own had been the incessant and fruit- hereditary dominions. Shortly ful source of jealousy and appre- afterwards, however, this prohension, to the crafty monarch ject underwent a notable alterawho at that time occupied the tion, and, as as tidings throne of France. But the con arrived of Charles' death, he fused rout of Granson, and the renounced the idea of a matrinoequally decisive battle of Morat, nial alliance, resolving instead to taught the King that his rival effect his purpose by force or was no longer invincible, and led subtlety, or by the two combinhis sagacious mind to anticipate ed. his approaching overthrow. A different plan was suggested In order to obtain the carliest by the celebrated historian Philip intelligence of Charles' move de Commines, who counselled his ments in Lorraine, he had insti royal master to bestow the hand of tuted a system of posts or succes his god-daughter on Charles d'Ansive relays--the first of the kind goulême, afterwards father of ever known in Europe and thus Francis I. But Louis perceived at soon ·658 Mary of Burgundy. a single glance, the impolicy of ad and Philip de Commines towards ding to the already dangerous influ-, the frontiers of Picardy, and these ence of the house of Orleans, and active oflicers received the sub). he therefore instantly applied him mission of Abbeville, and tamperself to accomplish the uncondition ced with the fidelity of Philip de al reduction of the territories of his Creyeceur,* better known as late rival. With this view he D'Esquerdes, one of the Govercommissioned George de la Tre nors of Arras. Tho King himmouille, Baron of Craon, and self shortly afterwards repaired Louis d'Amboise, Bishop of Lan thither in person, and reduced, gres, to negociate with the States without the slightest opposition, of Burgundy assembled at Dijon. Ham, Bohain, St. Quentin, and The result was every way favora Peronnc. The latter place inble, owing in a great measure to deed night have arrested his prothe local influence of John de gress for a considerable time, but Châlons, Prince of Orange, who, for the treachery of its Governor from interested motives, had es. Williamı de Bische, Master of the poused the King's party. In vain Household to the late Duke, and did Mary exhort the States to re the object of his especial favor. main faithful to their allegiance. Meanwhile the situation of the In vain did she strive to prove the Duchess of Burgundy, was well fallacy of the claims advanced by worthy of compassion. At the Louis. The province was early age of twenty slic had been hausted by the unceasing and called upon to succced to the exfruitless enterprizes of the late tensive territories of her father, Duke. The power of the King to who had also left her, as a perharass them was undoubted, while sonal legacy, thc jealous distrust that of the youthful Duchess to of all her neighbours, and not a protect them than single friend, save Margaret of problematical. The promises of York. When certain intelligence present, and the expectations of of"Charles' death reached Ghent, future advantage, outweighed the where she was then residing ; suggestions of honor attended with those rude and factious citizens certain risk and uncertain reward. testified the most indecent jov, The States therefore acceded to and the different Guilds assen. all that the King demanded, and bling in arms on the market placa, he, on his part, readily complied clamorously dethanded the restiwith the conditions they proposed. tution of the ancient privileges of Louis was equally successful in which their late prince had wisely the Artois. He had despatched deprived them. At the funeral Coulonu the Admiral of France, service that was celebrated acexwas more * Philip de Creveccar was called the Pyrrhus of the age, because lie introduced order and discipline into the Infantry Corps, and made great improvements in the science of encamppent. His severity towards plunderers was terrible, and he was known to have hanged twenty of them in a single day. He was accustomed to say that the peace and prosperity of France depended on the possession of the Lowlands, and that that was the weakest side of the kingdom. It was his misfortune to be celebrated by Mulinet both in French and Latin verse : the laller dummende as follows: Orbis honor von improbitatib cordiger auctor Vigous homo non damnificandus nunc recubans est Francigcparum dos nitidus, &c. &c.

·Mary of Buryundy. 659 cording to the custom of the Ro. The nobles were ever inclined to mish Church, no one was present the service of the King, while except the immediate officers of the burghers and artisans stoutly the ducal household, and not only maintained their independence, did the people absent themselves and ever and anon broke out into from the mournful ceremony, but acts of violence and bloodshed, even presumed to murmur at the against those they suspected of expense, though nothing could being actuated by a foreign tenhave been more simply or unostendency. tatiously conducted. Their con The existence of these feuds duct to their youthful princess was was well known to Louis XI., unmanly and ungenerous to & and it naturally occurred to his degree almost incredible to those wily policy to foment them. He who are unacquainted with the accordingly sent an envoy to mean, selfish brutality, of a manu Ghent, to demand the hand of facturing community. It was not Mary in marriage for his eldest that they wished to annex them son, then a child barely eight selves to the Crown of France. years of age. He was injudici- Far from it. But it was justly re ous, however, in his choice of an marked by Philip the Good, that ambassador, for he selected a man the men of Ghent always loved of Flemish extraction, whose low their future, and detested their birth, and yet more ignoble, quapresent masters. Some fow mum lities of mind and disposition, bers, indeed, of the aristocracy, rendered him an object of ridicule were disposed to support the pre and contempt to his countrymen. tensions of the French monarch, in whose real name the hope, probably, that they would signified Olivier the Devil, approthus be enabled to suppress the in priately rendered by the French solence of the democratic faction. into Olivier the Bad, was a native The middle classes, and they of the insignificant town of Thielt, formed a vast majority, intended near Courtrai, where he exercised nothing so little, as to recognise the humble avocation of Barberthe supremacy of a foreign power. Surgeon. His utter want of prin- For above two centuries they had ciple, his sycophancy and natural enjoyed a certain degree of inde adaptation for low intrigue, rependence, and had attained a high comincnded him to the notice of point of commercial prosperity. Louis XI., who appointed him to An incorporation with the pow the faniiliar post of Valet de erful kingdom of France, would Chambre, and quently employhave annihilated their importance, ed himn whcre cunning and falseand reduced them to a very low hood were likely to avail. To scale in the kingdoms of Europe. avert the evil omen of bis name, Throughout Flanders flamingunt, he changed it for that of Olivier or the districts where the Flemish le Dain, and by letters palent, he. tongue was especially spoken, was creatori Count of' Meulan. there existed a strony, personal On his arrival in Ghent, Olidislike to their Gallic neighbours, vier was in no haste to seek an something similar to the feeling interview with the princess, but that subsisted in those times be. her Council, hearing of his attween the English and the Scots. terapts to foment discords among This person VOL. 1.-NO. IX. 1 ·660 Mary of Burgundy. the citizens, and to seduce the to say to this man." As Olivier leading men of the city, advised still declined to speak, in the her to give him an immediate presence of others, the audience audience, and free her State from was brought to an abrupt conthe presence of such a dangerous chision ; and so indignant were guest. He was accordingly sum the citizens at the insult of moned to declare the object of fered to the princess, that they his mission, and in the most os began to discuss the propriety tentatious manner presented him of throwing the insolent barber self before Mary, who received into the river." him in the Hotel de Ville, in the The Frencn alliance was renderpresence of the Duke of Cleveg, ed yet more unpopular by a smart the Bishop of Liege, and the saying of Madane D'Halewyn, Chief Magistrates of the city. that Mademoiselle was of an After tendering his credentials age to bear children for herself, with an air of easy assurance, and needed not to niarry one." the envoy coolly informed the as- His personal danger, and the tonished assembly, that his in complete failure of his mission, instructions were intended for the duced Olivier to withdraw from private ear of the Duchess. A the scene of his discomfiture, in calm and dignified answer was, and haste. But, to however, returned, to the effect mitigate the disappointment of his that it was not the custom in royal patron, and to diminish his Flanders for unmarried damsels, own disgrace, he paused for a to accord private interviews, and while in Tournai,t a city that that whatever he had to state had hitherto enjoyed a species of must be publicly made known. neutrality. Mary herself remarked with a In consequence of his intrigues, certain degree of bitter raillery, a French garrison was now re- "The King, my cousin, must ceived within the walls ; and the think mc ill, since he sends me principal magistrates, who had his physician; but, thank God, I opposed his proceedings, were am quite well, and have nothing sent off to Paris, where they reall secrecy * Though Olivier escaped drowning on this occasion, it was only to await a more is. nominious death, for in the succeeding reign he was hanged on the public gallowa. Mb. lipet thus alludes to his late. J'ay veul oisean ramaige Noinıné Maistre Olivier, Vollant par son plumaige, Hault comme un espervier ; Fort bien savoir complaire Au roy; mais je vez qu'on J.c feist, pour son salaire, Percher au Mont-Fancon. t in the "Recollection des Merveilleuses advenues en nostro temps," Molinet alludes to thua curcumstance in the following wretched doggrels - J'ay veu Tournay tournée, Encang mauvais tournant, Sans estre retouppée, Ses voisins hestournant ; Noz maisons, nos tourelles, En cendie contonrder, Et Flamens entour elles, Duremegt attourner.

·Mary of Burgundy. 661 ; Arras. mained as prisoners until the ed his determination to con- King's death. stitute himself the protector of her A few days after the ignomini- territories, until the Dauphin was ons flight of Olivier le Dain, the of age to take her to wife. The Duchess' Council sent as envogs envoys, however, had no authorito the King at Peronne, the Chan ty to negociate a marriage, and cellor Hugonet, the Protonotary were proof against the King's de Cluni, D'Himbercourt, De la seductive promises. But being Gruthuyse, and the Count de personally well disposed to the Grandpré. These distinguished project of marrying the Duchess to personages were instructed to the Dauphin of France, they cermake known to the King, that the tainly exceeded their powers in Duchess Mary had succeeded to authorizing D'Esquerdes to surthe Government of her hereditary render to the King the city of states ; that she was willing to do It was in truth untenahomage for Burgundy, Flanders, ble, though what was called the and the Artois; and that she would town, was fortified with great cheerfully, restore all the territo art, and still held out against ries wrested from France by the the French army. D'Esquerdes treaties of Arras, Conflans, and availed himself of this permission Peronne. They were further to yield the city, to cover his commissioned to require the in abandonment of the Burgundian stant with rawal of the royal cause, and his entire subserviency forces, and to declare Mary's firm to the French monarch. His disresolve to be guided by a Council affection proved fatal to Mary's informed of the Dowager Duchess terests in Picardy and the Artois, Margaret of York, the Chancellor and his example was speedily Hugonet, D'Himbercourt, and De followed by nearly all the great Ravestein. In reply, Louis pro lords* whose doinains bordered fessed much interest in the safety on France. and welfare of his god-daughter, On the 4th of March, i477, and disclaimed all idea of aggran the King made his entry into the dizing himself at her expense. city of Arras, and prepared to But at the same time he expressreduce the town also. While he . * The disloyalty of the 'Burgundian nobles is thus noticed by Moliuet :- J'ay veu par ces oraiges Des pobles corrompue, Et des loyaulx couraiges Qui leurs lois ont rompus.' Les villains sans richesse Furent trop plus loyaulx A leur dumc et princesse Que aultres gens desloyaulx. Under Charles the Rash, Philip de Crereçæar had been Governor of Picardy, Peronne, Moptdidier, and Hoye, Seneschal of Pouthieu, and Captain of Bonlogne. Hesdin, and Croty. He was confirmed in these numerous appointments by Louis XI. He is thus spoken of in the " Recollection des Merveilleuses." J'ay veu en hault estatge Des cordes le soigneur Povre de eon portaige Mais paissant gouverneur ; I tint en sa dematne Des deurs de lys neud : Puis le temps Charlemaine Humme si grand bruit n'eut.

·662 Mary of Burgundy. was thug employed, the citizens letter delivered to him by the of Ghent broke out into open Chancellor Hugonet, in which revolt, and seizing on the most Mary had pledged herself to unpopular councillors of the late follow the counsels of those per- Duke, put some of them to death sans who had enjoyed the chief and imprisoned the others. The confidence of her deceased father. personal discomfort of their On receiving the proof of this Duchess filled these turbulent apparcnt duplicity, the deputies boers with delight, as they trusted returned to Ghent, and there, in to extort from her fears and neces a full assembly of the city Magissities, whatever privileges they trates, and the Officers of the might choose to demand. But Duchess--who also presidedprobably her greatest annoyance they related all that had passed. consisted in the importunities of Instead of attempting to offer any her inany suitors. The Duke of explanations, Mary imprudently Cleves sought to obtain her hand denied the existence of such a for his eldest son : Lord Rivers, letter. The speaker immediatebrother to the Queen of England, ly pulled it out from his bosom, also aspired to this honor ; while and read it aloud, to the utter conthe men of Ghent sometimes fusion of the Princess, and amid threatened to compel her union the utmost indignation of the with the ferocious Adolphus, of States, who knew, or suspected, Gueldres, whose unnatural con that the persons therein named duct to his aged father must cover had engaged to bring about the his name with undying inſamy. marriage with the Dauphin. In the midst of these perplex The same evening the Chancelities, Mary assembled the States lor, the Protonotary De Cluni, of Flanders, and entreated them and D'Himbercourt, were arrestto take into their earnest consi. ed, while endeavouring to conderation, the unhappy condition ceal themselves in different moof the country. They at once nasierics, and a commission was assured her of their support, but appointed to investigate the charges took into their own hands the trumped up against them. One entire details of Government. of the judges the fero- Among other steps they sent de. cious William de la Marck, surputies to the King to remind him named the Wild Boar of the Arof the treaty of Soleure, and to dennes, who was the personal call upon him to maintain and enemy of D'Himbercourt ; and defend his god-daughter. The the whole conduct of the proceedenvoys faithfully acquitted them- · ings betrayed the same spirit of selves of their duty, and declar unfairness and passion. The Proed themselvel convinced of Ma- tonotary having lately been nory's sincere desire for peace, as minated to the bishopric of Theshe had promised to be guided in rouanne, claimed exemption from all things by the advice of the the secular jurisdiction, by virtue States. Louis contented him of his belonging to the ecclesiasself with replying that they were tical order ; nor was his claim grossly Geceived in this latter res rejected. The two other ministers pect, and, to support his asser were arraigned on three heads of tion, ungenerously produced the accusation--ist. That they had was ·Mury of Burgundy. 668 were authorized the surrender of Ar The accused were put to the ras ; 2ndly, that they had receiy. torture ; their appeal to the Pared money from the Corporation of liament of Paris-sanctioned by Ghent, in a cause that had been the law of the land was refused tried before them; and 3rdly, that with unseemnly passion ; and they they had been accessories to the themselves allowed pnly suppression of some of the an three hours to prepare for death. cient privileges of the city. In this imminent peril of her To the first charge they replied faithful servants, Mary exerted that they had been deputed with herself to the utmost to move full powers to negociate a peace their inexorable judges. Her with the King of France, and they, head enveloped in a thick veil, had acted to the best of their and herself arrayed in deep mournjudgment. This article was con ing, she went on foot to the Hotel scquently withdrawn. To the se de Ville, and earnestly intreated cond they made answer, that they' that their lives might be aspared. had certainly pronounced a ver Their innocence was acknowledgdict in favor of the men of Ghent, ed, but the popular fury, it was becausc in justice they could not urged, demanded a victim. do otherwise ; and afterwards had So spake the fiends, and with necessity, not hesitated to accept a present The tyraut's plea, excused their dev'lish offered by the city. Against the deeds. third charge they defended then Froin the presence of their imselves by showing, that in exe pious judges, Mary hastened to cuting the instructions of Duke the market place with tearful Charles, they had merely dis cyes and dishevelled hair, accomcharged the simple duties of their panied only by a venerable priest. office. But their greatest crime A dense crowd had already colwas that of uot being Flemings, lected around the scaffold, but and of therefore being an object nothing daunted, she forced her of jealousy to the ignorant and way through the mob, and gained self-worshipping burghers. Some the fatal spot just as her unhappy native chroniclers indeed, assert councillors were preparing themthat the Chancellor llugonet had selves for execution. The severity kept back certain letters written of the torture they had underbefore Nancy by Charles the gone prevented them from stand- Rásh, on the delivery of which ing, and they already appeared mainly depended the safety of more dead than alive. The tears, himself and army, and that it was the convulsive gesticulation, and for this act of treachery he was the broken voice of the princess, now punished. This does not insensibly moved the compassion of appear in the evidence adduced the bystanders, and many of them against the unhappy nen; nor began to relent. It was even procould it in any way apply to posed to rescue the victims by force. D'Himbercourt : but few of the Pikes were already crossed, and a Flemish writers are worthy of bloody conflict was about to commuch credit, for they seem to mence, when the signal was hurhave viewed all matters through riedly given to the executioners, the distorting medium of party T'he heads of the Chancellor Huspirit. gonet and D'Himberpourt roll- ·864 Mary of Burgundy. ed on the ground, and their gush make a vigorous resistance, and ing blood spurted over the dress secretly applied for succours from of the Duchess, who was borne the neighbouring cities of Douai, in a state of swoon. This unhal Valenciennes, and Lille. A body lowed event took place on Holy of one thousand foot, and five Thursday.* hundred horse, were immediately After committing this terrible dispatched to their aid, under De outrage, the citizens continued Vergi and the young Sallazar. under arms for some time longer, Their approach, however, was and expelled all those who made known to the vigilant Du were suspected of favouring the Lude, and an ambush was laid Burgundian party. The Dow. for the unsuspecting Flemings, ager Duchess Margaret of York who were utterly routed, and and M. de Ravestein were amorg their leader, De Vergi, made prithe latter; while the Bishop of soner! Liege was forbidden to pass the On the same day the people of gates ; and Mary herself was little Arras had sent eighteen deputies better than a prisoner in their to the King, who received them hands. with dignified calmness, and even While these tragical events accorded them perinission to lay were passing at Ghent, Louis XI. before the princess the actual "Tas sedulously engaged in roduc state of their affairs. They had ing to submission the town of advanced on their road as far as Arras, which was defended by Lens, and were quietly seated at the armed citizens. the supper table, when they were was their gudacity, that they overtaken by a body of armed erected gibbets on the walls, from men, and, in compliance with the which they suspended effigies of royal command, conducted back men stuffed with straw, and to Hesdin. Next morning Louis wearing the white scarf, embleń demanded of the dreaded Tristan atic of France. But as soon as l'Hermite, what had been done the enemy's guns were pointed with the arrested envoys. The against their walls, they offered wretch coolly replied that he had to capitulate, and obtained very hanged and buried them all. Jt advantageous terms. From Ar is almost past belief, but unhapras, Louis repaired to Hesdin, pily the fact is too well authentiwhich speedily threw open its cated, to admit of a doubt, that gates. In the city of Arras he the King instantly gave directions leftoa considerable body of troops, for the disinterment of one of under the command of Du Lude, them, Maitre Oudart de Bussi, & circumstance that excited the on whom he had lately conferred jealous fears of the burghers, and the honorable appointment of induced then to revolt Raising Counsellor to the Parliament, fresh fortifications and strength- and caused the head to be fixed ening the old, they prepared to on a pole, and set up in the mar- So great Such at least is the almost unanimous account given by historians, but a Flemish M88. quoted by, Baron de Reiffenberg, asserts that the different Quilds assembled in arms on the market place, and so remained for five entire days, and that on the fifth morning Mary repaired to the spot to Implore the people to show mercy to her faithful miuiaters, but they stern. ly answered that Justice mnst be done on the rich as well as on the poor. On this she respectfully retired with her attendants.

·Mary of Burgundy. 665 er ket place of Hesdin, covered with of 60,000 crowns was imposed the scarlet cap of office. Beneath upon the citizens, and several of the disgusting object was placed those most opposed to the French the following inscription : "Cy est usurpation were put to death by la tête de Maitre Oudart de Bussi, the hands of the public execution- Conseiller du Roi en sa Cour de At the last moment life and Parlement à Paris." The King's a free pardon were offered them, own account of this transaction on condition of shouting Vive is heartless in the extreme, and he le roi ! but they distrusted the thus concludes his letter to the mercy of the perfidious monarch, Sire de Bressuire. W A fin qu'on and nobly preferred to perish on connût bien iss tète, je l'ai fait the scaffold. Among those who atourner d'un beau chaperon suffered on this occasion was a fourré. Il est sur le marché cross-bow man, who had once d'Hesdin, là où il préside."* slightly wounded the King--Bopi- After this summary act of jus: tiful was the malice of Louis XI. tice (?) the King proceeded in The exactions and cruelty of person to press on the operations the French monarch, and his offiof the siege, and exposed himself cers, produced a series of revolts somewliač ncedlessly in his im- during a period of two years, patience to get possession of the until Louis resolved to efface the town. The citizens again indulg- very.nanie of Arras. He accorded their taste for idle bravado, ingly expelled the inhabitants, and in allusion to a certain le razed the walls to the ground, and gend affixed on one of the gates, commanded it to be henceforth cala wretched doggrel,t intimating led “ Franchise." To people his their determination to make a new town, he invited the citizens long and memorable resistance. from the neighbouring burghs, But brave words were of little avail and promised thein great immuniagainst the King's promises and tres, but few were found to, conthe King's gold, and on the fouth fide in his specious professions. of May, Louis XI. entered Arras An arbitrary exercise of power through a breach made for the proved equally unsuccessful, when purpose, as if into a place taken he issued an edict, enjoining the by storm. principal cities of the kingdom to Notwithstanding the amnesty send a certain proportion of their that had been guaranteed, a fine population to dwell in this doom- * According to the Chronique Scandaleuse, the deputies obtained permission from the Admiral of France to leave Arras, in order to present themselves before the King, but, instead of taking tlic proper road, they turned off towards Flanders. For this treachery they were arrested, tned, and condemped to death. The above accouut, bowever, is the more probable. † Tradition askerts that the high-sounding lines ran as follows.- Quand les Françuis prendront Arras, Les souris mangeront les chats. Or thus, - Quand les souris mangeront les chats, Le roi sera seigneur d'Arras. Quand la mer qui est grand et leé (large, Sera à la Saint Jean geleé, On vera pardessuy la glace Sortir ceux d'Arras de la place. Another account has it that the skeleton of a horse was set up with this Toscription : Quand les Français prendront Arras, Ce cheval maigre deviendra gras. There is much reason to doubt the genuineness of one and all of theue inscriptions, .

·666 Mary of Burgundy. stricken city. After the lapse of tem of warfare that harassed their years Arras again rose from its frontiers, completely alienated the ruins, while Franchise passed into minds of the Flemings from all the oblivion that fitly entombs desire for the French alliance. the wilful caprices of passion Margaret of York therefore judgguided mortals. ed that the time had arrived for While Louis XI. was occupied advancing the pretensions of with the reduction of Arras, the Maximilian of Austria, to the Prince of Orange, fancying him hand of the heiress of Burgundy. sef slighted, had induced Fran The Duke of Bavaria and the che-Comté and the Duchy of Bur Bishop of Metz were accordingly gundy to erect the standard of deputed by his father, the Emrevolt, and to assert their inde peror Frederick, to arrange the pendence of the French Crown. matrimonial preliininaries. On But the King's power was too for the arrival of these distinguished midable to be thus idly set at cnvoys at Brussels,"they received naught, and Charles d'Amboise, a prohibition to continue their the successor of De Craon, quickly journey from the Duke of Cleves, overran the insurgent provinces, who was naturally desirous to and utterly subdued them. Pi guard the interests of his own cardy and the Artois were also son; but the Dowager Duchess Aneedily reduced, and, where torce had previously warned them to failců, guile proved triumphant. pay no heed to any intimations of Never had the intrigues of the this kind, and they consequently French monarch appeared more proceeded without delay to Ghent. likely to bear abundant fruit. Their reception on the part of Edward IV. of England, and his the people was most fluttering, principal courtiers, were in the and the same evening they were pay of France, and even the in- admitted to an audience of the fluence of Margaret of York was princess. Briefly exposing the inefficient to procure substantial object of their mission, they proaid for her distressed kins-wo duced a letter in hier own hand. man. A personal trial also at one writing, in which-two years betime seemed to await the unhapfore---she had given her.consept py princess, for the men of Bru to an union with Maximilian, ges, Ypres, and Ghent, united to and they called upon her to fulfil deliver out of prison the Duke the engagement. Mary at once of Gueldres, with the intention of expressed her readiness to reelecting him for their Duke, and deem her written promise, and bestowing upon him the hand of the Duke of Cleves, disgusted Mary of Burgundy. Happily for and disappointed, took his deparher, he was killed in an ill-con ture for his own lands. The ancerted atteirept to recover Tournai, te-nuptial agreement was speedily after defending himself with des drawn up, and the Duke of Bavaperate valuúr. ria acted as Maximilian's proxy, The cruel and devastating sys in the ceremony of bothrothal.* * Accordingly to the Flemish history (Romance ?) entitled " Die Wonderlyke oorloghen van doorluchtigen hoochgeboren prince Keyser Maximiliaen, &c. &c.," the Duke of Bavaria accompanied Mary to her chamber by torchlight. On the side of bts person next to ber he wore silver fripour, and bore a sword iu his hand in token that her husband would defend her ·Mary of Burgundy. 667 ใน was mean ces. Maximilian himself lost no timo vine of Hainaut, IIolland, Zeain descending the Rhine to Co- land, Namur, and Zutphen; Marlogne, where he took leave of his gravine of the Holy Empire ; Imperial father. Thence he has- Lady of Friesland, Mechlin, &c. tened on to Louvåin and Brus &c. But this Austrian alliance sels, attended by the Electors of failed to add much strength to Mayence and Trevcs, the Mar the fortunes of Burgundy. The graves of Baden and Brande. Emperor 80 notoriously bourg, the Dukes of Saxony and and avaricious, that he Bavaria, and eight hundred lan- had long since ceased to exer- But the entire expenses of cise any influence on the affairs this brilliant train were defrayed, of Europe, and Maximilian himby the States of Flanders, for the self was naturally void of expeniggardly Frederick could not be rience, and quite unable to cope induced to part with his beloved with the crafty monarch of France. treasures, and it is even said that 'He was, besides, of a fick and Mary's first care was to furnish unstable temperament, and sucher princely consort with suit ceeded in rendering himself an able apparel. object of distrust, not only to fo- On the 17th of August Maxi- reign princes, but even to his own milian entered the prosperous subjects. In the field he was overcity of Ghent, and the same day, prodigal of his person, and disafter suppery received an audience played the dashing valour of a of the princess. His extreme knight-errant; but he knew not youthfulness, for he was only how to turn an advantage to accighteen years of age, was redeem- count, and in the hour of victory, ed by his noble bearing, and his was often the farthest Trom ulti. young and graceful bride decmed mate success. In his early youth herself fortunate in her choice. he had suffered from an impedi- Nor had she ever occasion to re ment of speech, which obtained pent during her brief experience for him the epithet of Dummy ; of the marricd state, for all wri. but this he gradually overcame, ters unite in extolling his tenand became the master of very der devotion to his wife.. On the varied acquirements. He following morning, Louis de la couraged the arts and sciences, Gruthuyse and the Count de Chi made some discoveries in strategy mai attended the princely couple and pyrotochny, improved the to the altar, where the nuptial be casting of cannons and other firenediction was pronounced by the arms, and even indulged in life- Bishop of Tournai. A few offi rary composition. His constant cers of the ducal household alone want' of money gained him the were present, and thus was cele surname of Sans-atyent, but Tost brated the marriage of Mary, him the powerful aid of Swiss Juchess of Burgundy, Lothiers, Cantons. Numerous are the me- Limbourg, Luxembourg, morials of his correspondence with Gueldres ; Countess of Flanders, usurers and money lenders, in Artois, and Burgundy; Palgra- whose hands he was constrained enagainst all enemics. "During the night, in accordance with the usage in this sort of princely marriages, four archers watched beside the bed on which reciped the princess and the Duke." VOL. I.NO. IX.

·668 Mary of Burgundy. ess. to deposit the jewels and other ed hostilities, and speedily made valuables belonging to the Duch himself master of Condé. Roused His career was one conti- by the progress of his implacable nued struggle with the King of enemy, Maximilian raised an army France, his own subjects, and po of 20,000 men, and advanced to verty; and his gallant bearing in Valenciennes, with the intention all dangers and difficulties, won of offering battle. But it was not from the perhaps partial pen of a part of Louis the XIth's policy Olivier de la Marche, the honor to hazard the uncertainty of a reable epithet of Maximilian" Coeur gular combat, and he even pred'Acier," or heart of steel. ferred negotiation to the fortune Shortly after his marriage, rof arms. The Flemings were Maximilian sent ambassadors to however severely repulsed by the the King to complain of his in Count de Dammartin, and Maxifraction of the treaty of Soleure, milian perceiving the vast superiand to offer the alternative of ority of the French troops in point peace or war. It was not in Louis' of discipline and military knownature to return an honest and ledge, demanded and obtained a definite answer, but he agreed to truce for eight days. This was a truce of uncertain duration, afterwards prolonged for twelve either party engaging to give four months, and Louis voluntarily dava' notice of his intention to re engaged to restore all the places nounce it. In Burgundy Proper, he had taken in Hainaut and however, hostilities still continued, Franche Comté, to withdraw his and it was about this time that troops from Tournai, and to eva- Charles Amboise, Seigneur de cuate Cambrai. Towards the lat- Chaumont, was sent to re-place ter end of the year, the Commis- De Craon, whose incapacity and sioners of both parties met at avarice had well nigh ruined the, Boulogne, to arrange the prelimiprovince. naries of a lasting peace; but af- In the beginning of the year têr wasting three months in acri- 1478, Louis publicly arraigned monious disputes, they parted, the memory of Charles the Rash without bringing matters to a as a felon and rebel vassal, and in- satisfactory conclusion. cluded in the accusation the reign Two events of personal importing princess, because she had dis ance to Mary and her husband suaded the States of Burgundy took place in the course of this from submitting to their sove year. On the 30th of April he reign, and had also endeavored to held a grand Chapter of the Goldstir up the Swiss Cantons and the en Fleece at Bruges. Since the King of England against her liege preceding one, thirteen knights, lord. Alarmed by these proceed including the chief of the order, ings, Mary had recourse to her had died; and of the surviving husband's father, who was at eighteen, only five were present, length induced to remonstrate besides two who were represented with the French King on the in by proxées. Where the Chief justice of his conduct. Louis ought to be seated, there was professed to attach considerable placed a velvet cushion, on which weight to the Emperor's manifes rested the collar worn by Duke to, but nevertheless recommenc Charles. At the request of the ·Mary of Burgundy. 669 knights who were present, Maxi. who had died since the last Chapmilian consented to become the ter-had his own peculiar stall, Chief of the Order, and accord- with his escutcheon suspended ingly they proceeded in state to over it. The proceedings termithe Church of St. Sauveur-tile nated with the celebration of present Cathedral--the cushion mass and a sermon. and collar being placed on the The other domestic event that back of a white charger, capari- occurred this year was the birth soned with black velvet, and led of a son, afterwards Philip the by two heralds at arms. The Fair. On the 29th of June the Bishop of Tournai opened the infant was baptized in the Church ceremony by delivering a long of St. Donat, in Bruges, which pompous oration in Latin, in occupied the site now known as praise of the Order, and conclud- the Place du Bourg. A slightly ed by inviting the prince to place raised flooring was laid down, exhimself at its head. The latter' tending from the Princen Hofreplied through the President of a building of which scarcely any his Council, that for the honor of vestiges now remain-across the God, the defence of the Catholic Grand Place, to the portal of the Faith, and the maintenance of Cathedral. Among the baptischivalry, he would support what mal presents were a sword inlaid his predecessors had founded. with gold, a helinet enriched The prince then drew his sword, with pearls and gems, and a coland presented it to M. de Ravcs lar of rubies. Margaret of York tein, who bestowed the accolade borc the babe aloft in her arms, amid loud acclamation. The and as she returned from the knights then repaired to the ves Church, exhibited him naked to try, wions : Maximilian was array, the applauding crowd; for some ed in a scarlet velvet mantle and of the French partizans had enhood. On his return to the body 'deavoured to diffuse a suspicion of the Church, Delannoi, as the that it was a female infant, and oldest member present, passed that, consequently, the troubles round his neck the collar of the of the country were still far from late Duke, and addressed him as being terminated. follows :-“ Most high and puis The spring of 1479 passed sant prince, by reason of the ge over without any memorable ocnerous blood, prudence, valour, currence, except that Louis sucvirtue, and good conduct that we ceeded in entirely subduing the hope to find in your most noble whole of French-Comté. The person, the Order receives you frontiers indced were the scene into its society, in sign of which of much suffering on the part of I present unto you this collar of the unhappy peasantry, whose gold. God grant that you may houses were burned, their lands wear it to the praise and increase plundered and laid waste, and of your deserts." their wives exposed to insult and On this Maximilian embraced violence. In many districts his brother knights, and all toge- wolves, wild boars, and other ther descended from the raised fierce animals maltiplied to such platform into the choir, whert an alarming extent, that whole every knight—including those villages were abandoacd, and the ·670 Mary of Burgundy. land allowed to become " a nowl. making prisoners, pursued the ing wilderness." Both parties fugitives to the very gates of Aire. exercised much wanton cruel. The francs-archers observing the ty towards their prisoners ; and, rapid success of their cavalry, . if Tristan l'Hermite aggravat- fondly deemed the day was their ed his former reputation for re own, and accordingly fell upon morseless barbarity, Maximilian the enemy's camp, where a rich may be justly charged with haybooty awaited them. While they ing provoked the fierce reprisals were thus engaged, De Romont that stain this page of history. and his Flemish pikemen hem- Towards the latter end of July, med them completely in, and cut a Flemish army was asseinbled at them off nearly to a man. In St. Omer, to the number of this movement, Maximilian distin- 25,000 fighting men. This large guished himself by his presence of force prepared to lay siege to inind and calm intrepidity. When Therouanne, but the advance of D'Esquerdes returned from the the French army under D'Es pursuit, it was too late to redeem querdes and Marshal Gić, com the error he had committed. Both pelled them to renounce the en men and horses were fatigued, and terprise. At three in the after the fear of losing the prisoners alnoon of the 7th August, the two ready taken, rendered it impossible armies came in sight of each for him even to save his camp. other, and both instantly prepar The numerical logs -was nearly ed to engage. The main strength equal on either side, perhaps of Maximilian's forces consisted amounting in all to 9,000 men, in á body of 14,000 spear-men, but the Flemings lost many perunder Count de Romont. His sons of note, and their cavalry cavalry, though comprising some was for a time annihilated. They of the noblest blood of his do claimed the victory, indeed, bemains, was especially weak, and cause they remained in possession totally unfit to withstand the fu of the field of battle; but Maxirious onset of the French men-at milian failed to dissuade his self- There were besides threewilled burghers from returning hundred English archers, and ten to their homes, and thus his aptimes that number of German parent success proved altogether arquebusiers. The French army, fruitless. on the other hand, was composed By the French historians this of a strong body of cavalry, be affair is called the battle of Guinesides 8 to 10,000 francs-archers. gate, while the Flemish chroni- The battle commenced by a bril clers speak of it as the victory of liant charge of the King's horse, Blangi, and also grossly exaggerwho drove the Germans before ate the numbers and loss of the them in wild confusion, and enemy. ..with equal facility routed the Shortly afterwards an armistice feeble corps of men-af-arms that was agreed upon for seven months. essayed to: oppose, them. But This true was subsequently reinstead of attacking the now un newed from time to time during protected infantry on the flanks, the remaining years of Mary's D'Esquerdes and his gallant com- Hife, and fruitless efforts were panions, fired by the desire of made to adjust the conditions of arms.

·Mary of Burgundy. 671 ces. a permanent peace. But as nei injury, which excessive and misther party was willing to make any placed modesty forbade her to sacrifices, nor exhibited any great reveal even to her husband. The amount of public faith, these newound probably gangrened, and gotiations rather tended to widen induced a fever, which carried than to fill up the breach. Maxi her off on the 27th of March, milian by turns applied to Ed 1482. Her untimely fate excitward IV. of England, and to ed universal commiseration, and Louis XI., and thus contrived to the people, who had refused to render himself suspected by both grace her marriage, crowded to monarchs, Nor did he succeed her funeral, in gaining the affection of his own Two children alone survived subjects. The Flemings, then at her, Philip, the eldest, afterwards the highest point of refinement and civilization they have ever, the last of the Burgundian prinmarried Joan of Castille, and was attained, looked down with con- The second, Margaret, was tempt on the rude companions of betrothed to Charles VIII. of the Duke of Austria." Internal France---who repudiated the encommotions characterized the engagement--but was actually inartire period of his sway, and togeried to Juan, Prince of Spain. ther with the emptiness of his treasury, prevented him from acting lent tempest arose, and the T. 011- During the voyage to Spain a viowith prompt decision in defending cess, expecting every moment to his frontiers against the French bc her last, composed the following King. He was also much adquaint epitaph on herselfdicted to the pleasure of the chase, Ci-git Margot, la gente damoiselle, and to amusements of a more fri- Qu'eut deux maris et bi mourut pucellc. volous nature than accorded with the critical state of his affairs. It is not perhaps generally His domestic happiness, however, known, that the prominent lips characteristic of the Royal House appears to have been unruffled, except that his third child of Austria are derived from Mary died in early infancy. It was of Burgundy, but Brantôme exafter her third confinement that fressly says, that Mary, sister to Mary accompanied her husband Charles Quint, was possessed of almost faultless beauty, except into Hainaut, and then, visiting Valenciennes, where sho beheld that she had pouting lips, which with her own eyes a band of was owing to her Burgundian French marauders firing the vil. descent. lages, and cutting down the In the year 1495, a magnifruit trees-she returned to Bru ficent tomb was constructed in ges. the Church of Notre Dame, at One day, in the early part of Bruges, in honor of the ill-fated February, she rode forth with a princess ; by the side of which gallant retinue to fly a hawk, a Philip XI., of Spain, caused anfavorite pastime with the ladies other to be raised to the memory of that period. In leaping & of her sire, Charles the Rash. fallen tree, her saddle suddenly The effigies of both princes are turned, and being thrown with made of copper, richly gilt, and great violence, she received an recline on slabs of black marble.

·672 Kossuth's Lament for Ilungary. The lower part of the tombs is of the hostility that has ever since covered on all sides with coats prevailed between the houses of of arms finely enamelled. When France and Austria. Louis XV. visited Bruges, he The crown of this princess is is said to hare exclaimed on still exhibited in Bruges, though beholding the tomb of Mary of despoiled of its most costly gems; Burgundy, voilà le berceau de and is preserved suspended over toutes nos guerres, alluding to her the Chasse that contains the drop marriage with Maximilian, which of the Holy Blood so highly rewas in a great measure the origin vered by the superstitious.* J. II. KOSSUTH'S LAMENT FOR HUNGARY My Hungary ! thy sun shines on a land of graves, Its glory gilds the sullen brows of slaves ; And bitter tears drop down from burning eyes, Whilst deep-breathed curses on the midnight rise. O'er thee, the wearj ages as they fall Will bind the shameful yoke of foreign-thrall; O'er thee, as desert clouds, as withering blast, War, pillage, treason, and disgrace have past. Un! who shall count our tale of suffering o'er, Since once Saint Stephen's crown our princes wore ! How bitter still this last degrading chain Of Austria's bigoted and soul-less reign ! On thy fair summer flowers-ph, land adored ! How many tears from breaking hearts are poured! How many souls far abler in their pride, To break than bend, have cursed their lot and died ! The memory of Mary of Burgandy has been unfortunate enongh to draw forth from Mo. linet, two atrocious rlegics, one of which contains the following lines :- Povres gens dont puis sa mort reversez, Tense, versez, confractés, confondus, T'appez, trompez, tempestez, trondellez, Bruxdez, ridez, tourmentez, triboollcz, Pillet, croulez, espantez, esperdus, Pasotz, perdus, marvoiez, morfondus, Camus, confus, craventez, et craintifz ; Les grands poissons mangent les plus petitz. Every couplet thuis terminates with a proverb, such as Chone qul plaibt est à domy vendne, Qui bien se garde on dit que bien se treuve. Petite pluie abat grant vent et fort, Tant va la Wuyre à l'eau qu'elle se brise, Hastir besolo fait la vieille trotter, Qui sert bon maitre, il attend bon loyer, Mafile a Maille faict-on le haubergeon, N'est si ferré, qui ni glisee et trebluche, N'est marie que mort de desmarie, Le cæor fuit l'euvre et non point les longs jours.

·Kossuth's Lament for Hungary. 673 How many meek and good have learnt to deem Their faith, delusion, and their hopes, a dream ! How many, chafed to madness, reckless dare, Delirious struggles butgto gain despair! Captives of shame! your sunny valos and skies, As walls of a dark prison, round ye rise; Where day and night goes up the stified cry “ Lord God ! let us, or our oppressors, die !" Yet round thy coasts of grief for ever stand, Brave and untired, the patriot's holy band ; Tried as pure gold in the refiner's fires, No earth doth mingle in our high desires ; Its loves, its pomps, its gifts of gain or ease, (ircatness or fame, what reck we now of these ? Long since obedient to our country's call, With joy our willing hands resigned them all : Ourselves long since her living ransom made, As precious gems on holy shrines are laid. OL! Hungary, my well beloved ! how glad were given For thce, iny dearest dreams of earth and heaven ! For thee were lost sweet dwellings of delight, With inatron's smile, and children's faces bright; For thee were left the kisses of the bride, And festal banquet in the halls of pride ; For thee, young hands, without a sigh, laid down Famc's fairest wreath, and glory's tempting crown; Nor hearts all innocence refused for thee, The bitter brand of shame and infamy ; And now, in homes of poverty and scorn, All this must still be unrepining born. Soul-sick, and lone, we see from day to day, Fainter become our hope of Freedom's ray; Cold hearts around us, and despising eyes, To mock-and none to feel our sacrifice To know-to hope no change but death. And yet Never the lips shall say that they regret! Never shall murmurs show this constant bearts One moment faithless to its chosén part; Tho' living martyrdom may turn my eye, For ever on the cause for which I'll die. Hungary! all my earnest prayers can name Thy wrongs alone these burning tear-drops claim. Watch-men of faith and hope! what tidings ye? When shall our morning break ?-our shadows flee? M ·[ 674 ] RETROSPECTIONS OF A YOUNG MAN ; BEING THE ANTECEDENTS OF FREEMAN, OF THE 76TH B. N. I., RELATED BY HIMSELF. CHAPTER XI. WIIETHER the change of climate coming out to India as a Chapand of scene had indeed benefit lain ; and the dear girl had tell my health, and whether the turned Puseyite, as ladicsonbodily improvement, as often ly can embrace opinions, espehappens, was reflected on the cially those of the man they mind, I cannot tell ; but it is love. Eleanor (who was my corcertain that my short and event respondent) also told me that their less voyage back to Calcutta, was grandmother was dead, having free from the dark depression Dearly completed her century, and and mental misery which still possessing her faculties to the characterize my recollections of last. The good Doctor was too the seven dreary weeks that distressed to write at present. brought me to the Mauritius. * Poor Granny has left her little Something is also due to an in- property to me," the letter went creased peacefulness of feeling on on," and I am already setting religious topics. I fancied (and up for an old maid. When you the iroynus one of sincere cha return from India, you will prority) that it was better to be such bably find me with a cap, and a an unbeliever as Frazer, than Brevet title if Mrs., surrounded such a believer as Lionel ;--an er- , by pets, and ready to act as godror which might have come from mother for anyone who may selfish motives. require my services." Stagnum But not so, upon my consci was changing rapidly, she said ; ence ! I erred, because I was not the New Town-buch was the wise enough to discover that name givesi : in conversation to Frazer's faults proceeded from Hot Stagnum, a watering-place, as the darkness of his spirit, and I have already said, of two hun- Lionel's good qualities from the dred years' standing, the New sense of better things that was Town had become the present still left him. However, my state Terminus of the “ London and of mind was a 'calm, though the Stanneries Railway," and it was calm was short and unmeaning ; reported that Sir Simon Dashmy agitated heart reposed, like wood (the Holy man who blamed the soft seas we traversed through; labour for the meat that perisheth, it was no less ready than they to and therefore I suppose was all be again excited at the bidding the more glad to get it without of the now slumbering tempest. labour) was interested to a haz- On teaching Calcutta, I found ardous extent, in the speculation. my letters at my Agent's. Mar Should another line, (now before tha Warren was married to my Parliament she believed) comold Tutor, Basil Cope, who was mence running, its advantages + ·Retrospections of a Young Man. 675 WO " And an 66 such 15 were said to be such," that the Ba the poor old Preventive Officer's ronet's line would suffer greatly,. daughter, (at least she has disapand it was said that he had em- peared, and left a letter for Mr. barked his whole fortune in the Somes ;) and the wretch has had undertaking. Shares were fall the audacity to ask for my hand ing already ; a gencral panic was in marriage. My father, who is hinted at ; she knew not what, devotedly fond of anything clever for she did not understand such or scientific, and Mr. Somes is things she wished Mr. Dash both,) had begun by being very wood possessed his father's con attentive to him, and attributed fidence, and was at home; she old Dr. Thompson's dislike of him did not like his brother. Ilad I to professional jealousy. But, hcard any thing of Mr. Dthank God, he is now undeceived ; used to be so intimate ? and all I suffer from now, there is a New Doctor come to occasional persecution when we the place," përsued my kind cor meet out walking; but I'do not respondent, an odious mind it much, dear Charles, only man ; who has got into a great I can't help wishing, but it's no deal of practice, and has written use.' And here the subject a book, dedicated to Sir Henry dropped ; and the letter presently llalford, and called something finished by a postscript, saying about the Mineral Springs of Great that Miss Eversfield was gone to Britain, in which it is proved that Madeira very ill,- it was feared The Wells of Ilot Stagnum,-those in a hopeless decline. The letter flat-iron things you remember, that fell from my hand. no one could drink, are the best cure for every disease under the “ Gracious God !" said I, “ thy sun, and a good many more, (at ways are past finding out; my least that I never heard of.) poor, poor Edith! could nothing “ And, O! my dear brother," save thcc ? Must thou too go the the letter went on, never desert downward path of all the best your God, that you may never and loveliest! From that smiling come to the state of this unfortugrave of the English how shalt nate young man. He calls him thou return ?" And all my old sell a materialist;" (he expected, teruerness came back; and the I suppose, to find a soul when he days of old, when we had taken dissected a subject, and hold it sweet counsel together, such as up in the dissecting room at man and woman take in their Guy's, sticking to the end of his time of purity and youth. The knife ;) “ he believes in every imwalks in summer:-woods; the probable thing, mesmerism, clair songs of the nightingales heard voyance, and the rest; says the in dreary May twilights from • brain is an electric machine, open windows; the talk of things which generates thought ;' and high, solemn, hidden from Prodenies that we are responsible for phets and wisc men, which I had our actions. A very comfortable heard from those young and ferdoctrine no doubt for him, who vent lips, and in that tremulous makes a mock of virtue in prac voice, to be stillede so soon in tice, and has led astray that pret the land where all things are ty black-haired Rose Seaforth, dumb! VOL. 1.NO, IX. .

·676 Retrospections of a Young Man. CHAPTER XII. as 1 AND now I was at length post one of them, whom I addressed ed; my Regiment-the 76th-was Major Taylor," was a Vetestationed at Barrackpore. This ran Subaltern named Grey, who was not my fault, but most cer bore the sobriquet of " l'ailor," tainly my misfortune, as it has from a peculiarity in the disposibeen that of many a better man tion of his legs! than me. For now began that " Have you been long in Calwild, but unequal conflict, in cutta, Mr. Frecman?' asked which youth, and passion, and Jardiman, most blandly, as ho recklessness, and the love of dis bowed over his glass of sherry. play, have to contend with a con- I explained that I was but just science from which have been returned from a sca-voyage. withdrawn the supports pf exam- T'hen haven't heard our you ple, of cheerful faith, of hope, band ?" said Rayment, who apand of inward happiness. Still at that time of life, happiness is peared to be the bel esprit of the cver the object pursued, and foolcorps. like, I dared to look for it froin “ Nor seen Moll Flannigan ?” transitory and unworthy sources, broke in a corpulent and pimple- The first evening that I was faced youth. introduced to the officers of my “ Hush," cried the placid Macorps at the mess room, is one I jor; no allusions to the ladies. shall Inno remember. There is George Bloker, you're worse than nothing more uncomfortable than I am." suddenly coming among a num "A compiment, Major! Too her of absolute strangers, however flattering by half," was the lauglikindly they may be disposed toing chorus. wards one. They have their Not so flattering as what he jokes, their stories, their topics of told Nosey at inspection the other conversation, their nicknames, day," said a whey-faced man, their allusions, which are worse with sandy whiskers. than Chaldaic to you. Wotse, Come, Cranmer, none of because they mark you with a your Hindoostanee jokes," cried semblance of intelligibility, being Wetherspoon, (the ladies' man,) in your own language ; while we all know you've passed the they cheat the mind of what they College. You need not be always promise to the ear. whistling it into us." Major Hardiman, the command “ If you'd passed yourself, ing officer, was present, being, Wether," said Crammer, with quoad holy matrimony, a single dignity, "you'd know that there There were besides some was no such language as Hindozen men of various ages ; for doostanee. If you mean Urdu, our corps had a baddiah name, and you shoulsay so. was but little favored in the mat- " I say," asked Rayment, ter of Staff appointments. The “should you like to know what very names of these gentlemen tħe Stunner said to Wetherspoon were a puzzle to me at first, and at the last Station Ball ?" man, ·how you Retrospections of a Young Man. 677 "No, hang it," cried the youth to me to come and take a quiet alluded to, briskly, " that's not cigar and cup of tea at his Bunfair. I told it, Rayment, as a galow. . -- good joke against her The scene of riot in the messho's no business to turn it on me. room was almost sternly contrast- “Why, he was talking to ed by the peace and calm without. her, in his insinuating way," said A soft full moon revealed the Rayment, not heeding the inter river, and the slumbering town of ruption," and saying that he had Serampore beyond. Silence was had nothing to do with the Lot only broken by the sigling of the tery we drew the other night." nightwind in the boughs of the « What, the Oaks ! Stakes for, Casuarina ; and if for an instant Maiden fillies only ?" put in the distant cry of a passing troop Capt. Horsman, who had not of jackals stole down the wind, it opened his mouth once before did but add to the pathos of the since the cloti had been with hour, drawn, except to light a No. 1 “I hardly like to ask," said my Chcroot. " I'm blowed," pur new friend, as we walked slowly sued the Captain," if that was towards his quarters, fair, considering Wether got up like us yet. But you will settle the sweep himself. But I'll bct down in your boots before long. a Guilder she got the pull of I've observed through life, (he was him." hardly two years older, be it add- “ You'd win your money, sir. ed, than myself) that one's first She smiled in her contemptuous impressions of a new acquaintance, way, half shutting ber eyes you even when favourable, rarely ropknow, and said she neither knew I hope you are pleased nor cared who had got it up; with our fellows altogether, who, but she certainly should not take though noisy, are not ill-intenthe trouble to get up an opposi tioned; but when you know thein tion Lottery among the Spins, fot better you will see that there are that all the prizes amongst us few or none (any more here than were already drawn. Rather a elsewhere) who can bear the consell for Wether, eh ?. stant scrutiny of daily intercourse. Capital," roared the Chorus, Blokor you will think coarse and forgetting that they were all in stupid ; Wetherspoon conceited cluded in the young Lady's dis without much cause ; llorsman paraging valuation. The fun a bore, with bis eternal bets ; grew furious, every one and Crammer a follow with no boasted of his own achievements thought but for his Urdu' and in some department of sin, and his Rupees. One character inbut two of the party held aloof. deed we have, who never inspires These were, first the Major, either weariness, dislike, or conwho looked on with a Socratic tempt, (however much you see expression on his mild and of him,) protected by his nevervencrable countenance, 'as if he flagging Mephistophilism, his condescendingly watched the pro equable temper, his serene cougress of his pupils : thc other was rage, and, above all, this uniforın Rayment, who scemed to dislike consistency. Consistency, alas! the turn of things, and whispered in evil! Were he lens perfect, tinue so. 36 now ·678 Retrospections of a Young Man, he might have a chance; but say, less simple. He was, I fear, Hardiman never deviates into a mere talker, a man of words ; virtuc." prevented by a refinement of na- Thus, rather sententiously than inre or of education from being as invectively, did my host pierce coarse or as plain-spoken as his through the body of his compa- companions, but quite as weak as nions, in a manner that inspired they. And with him, as with me with the greatest respect for them, I found that a time came his talents and his principles. I (and it comes to all who live was doomed, in time, to excm much among their neighbouis) plify un himself the truth of his when I saw that their faults did own maxims; when the guard not exceed the usual share of that prudence often sets upon human nature ; I appreciated new acquaintances was withdrawn many good qualities that had been by his familiarity, I found this hidden from me at first ; and I moralist as lazy and as selfish as got to like the mch, taken all-inmany of his brethren, and far all, in spite of, or even with, less manly, or I should perhaps or on account of, their failings. CIIAPTER XIII. Never did Bengal Subaltern science. Free from humbug, and lead a more "jolly life," and few, well intentioned, they were equally I trust, have ever passed a more repelled from me by the evident miserable time than I did now. hollowness of my enjoyment, -80 Home N a word ; the thing true even of folly is it, that everywas nearly forgotten ; and the thing should be done as well as name, when uscd, associated only it can, "wkh all thy might," with the thoughts of England.. and by the mad extreme to which I was a man without Penates : my wickedness would often run, how could any one give the sacred Ven Hardiman's equanimity was application of Home to a dingy disturbed, and he would offer his hut without furniture, which compliment of—" You're worse was only used to sleep in, or to than I." take one's morning 5 Docter ?" I told him one day that I took I had not a friend who understood his speech in that light ; þut the state I was in ; I soon saw " what did he mean by worse? through Rayment, and the Major, " Ah! my boy, there you puzthough he might unquestionably zle mc," replied the sage, have divined my case, and sct foolish façon le parler. No two me right, was satisfied, according ages, no two nations, why not to his wont, with using me for his Bay no two men, are agreed upon amuseinent, and doing me all the what is right and wrong. The harm in his power. The rest of Spartan stole, the Redman scalpmy conspantons I saw all day, and ed, the Northman drank ; the every day-at Messy at dog-fights, Hindoo cheats, the Yankee "gocs and in the billiard-room. ahead" into his neighbour's ter- Honest fellows they were, -farritory, or his creditor's purse, and too honest for me,- for their con their children, bred in these pracduct infokved no injury to con tices, learn to think them liarm- Hitis a ·Retrospections of a Young Man. 078 " Of course, > less, nay, to follow them 'on prin open, and formed the principle ciple.' Go further take two of action I have just hinted to English lads, one the son of a you, chro té phusei, as the Greeks Calvinistic Clergyman, the other had it: follow Nature, and don't the offspring of a wealthy man outrage Society, and you may of the world. One is taught that come to command your Regiment everything sanctioned by Society and enjoy life as much as I do. is innocent, or even manly, the But your have a great many weakother winks at cakes and ale, only nesses to get over. For instance, because he has not the power to with women now. How can you abolish them." expect to get on, when you attack " There is one flaw in what the fortress (to use the old meyou say," I answered, "how is it taphor) with a capitulation in that the Clergyman's son (as you your hand ? Depend upon it, would flatteringly illustrate by you'll never conquer a woman mysell) often zurns out the greai-' with that selfish, shame-faced look, er scamp of the two ?” that proclaims that you yourself said my Socrates are always vanquished. Women, triumphantly, “because taught it is true, are the great objects of from his earliest infancy that life, but you are not to let them many of the enjoyments pro know it. A forehcad of brass, nounced innocent by the world, a smile of insolent triumph, a are bad in spite of, nay, in 'just as you please' air, are the consequence of, such sanction, weapons they can never resist. he loses all standard. Finding But you, you give them the adhimself unable to resist the bid vantage in the first move. When ding of Nature, it is no wonder, you bowed to Miss U., at the that when the harsh restraints band last night, you coloured up of fanaticism are removed, he to the eyes. Are you in love goes the whole pig, where a man with her ?" of the world would have stopt This was a subject on which I short at the brawn." was hardly prepared to enter with “ In short, his conscience is so the worthy man. artificial, that he can hardly take “Why, Major," I replied, "sie a'step in any direction, without is engaged, is she not ?" violating it. So he goes on the I'll tell you all I know about principle of . In for a penny, in her, and then you can make up for a pound,' and” To tell you the " I wonder to hear you talk truth, I don't think you'd find such stuff" said the Major. much to get over, for I watched science ! there's no such thing, her while you were speaking to 'tis all artifical. The only safe her, and I think she likes you." guides are Nature and Society, I felt my hcart beat; Hardiman "Do in Turkey as the Turkies was not a man to be deceived on do. Look at me," pursued my such a point, I knew. Mentor, “I have no conscience. I “She's well born, and carries was lucky enough to be brought it well, the little lady. Her up as an orphan; no one took any father held a good Staff appointcare of me, I was kicked abodt ment at thc Presidency, (I knew at Addiscombe ; kept my eyes bim well, when she left England- . 9 your mind. “ Con- ·680 Retrospections of a Young Man. her education finished-to keep our bounty in idleness at home, the old gentleman's house for him. where portionless girls are a drug; When the ship reached the Sand come you out to India, where we heads last May, the first intelli- sifall soon find you either a husgence that came on board anbånd or a grave.' nounced the Colonel's death. On “ Miss 0—was engaged on his estate being wound up, it was boardship I have heard. If so, found that he died in deht, and it did not matter to her." his daughter had no provision but Why, so 'tis said ; but she the orphan-fund, which she would lose by returning to England. gentleman has cooled vastly. seems in no hurry, or else the Can you fancy anything more You allude to Cox Bloxam of the indelicate than the rule of a cha. ritable institution, which loads joined his Corps in the North-west, - Dragoons, of course ? He has and I fancy has as much idea of the helpless girl is to reside in a marriage as you of I. Perhaps country where it is to be presum- less than one of us. I wonder ed that her incumbency will be how he likes his new life." soonest vacated by marriage ?" Perhaps," I observed, "they “Not much, I dare say, but he Jook to the contingency of the is on too good terms with himself second chapter of Domestic, Octo be very unhappy as long as he has that solace.' currences ? -- of Death you cortainly have a better chance in The bugle sang trucc" to this country.' our conversation, by sounding for "Well, they may also look to Mess, where the enemy was killed that chance ; and even that is in the usual way. May the brutal enough. It is as much as ghosts of such,evenings once for all to say–Now Miss, if you please, cease to rise up, as they constanta we're not going to let you draw ly do, in judgment against me! CHAPTER XIV. IN & preceding page of these or some ope of his school, had Retrospections I said of scepticism put this matter into a formuld, on moral good, that it was a ship- whereby it remains, as it were, wreck I never had, and never chrystallized for the use of ail would contemplate. In the verb time. The person in question I was mistaken: at the time of was expressing his conviction that which I and speaking I had begun there was no difference, intrinsito " contemplate" the matter, and cally, between Good and Evil. that with serious alarm. I saw “ Either," replied thc Christian in Hardiman what must be infide- Socrates, you don't mean what lity, if ever anything were to bear you say, and if so you lie ; or you 80 harsh a name, and what I could do, and we must count the spoons scarcely think unworthy of the before youdeave the house. strict penalties that misjudging fa I had a milder teacher too than naticism has often exacted from less the departed Lexicographer. As culpable eccentricity. Dr. John- Marguerite could not conceal from son, in spraking of Soame Jenyng, Faust, the instinctive loathing ·Retrospections of a Young Man. 681 with which the appearance of Me One night I was on Mainphistopheles inspired her, so did guard at the Fort. I had re- Miss 0, in whose company ! ceived charge of the valuable promore and more began to seek perty of that institution, consistthat consolation which is-oh! so ing, as far as I remember, of a dear, to a world-wearied and soli Bible, a broken table, parts of tary man--so did she betray by nu three chairs, and a large key, merous signs and tokens the anti which, as it opened nothing, was pathy which repelled her bright popularly conceived to have beintellect and pure soul, from longed to the celebrated Black the usually attractive Ilardiinan. Hole. I had concluded my lone. She saw through him, though ly meal, and got into bed, vainly she knew it not. Thank God she seeking that rest which I had not knew it not. Little could that earned. Suddenly I fancied that fair girl have guessed the practi- . the North wind brought faint cal depravity of those details, the sound of music. I remembered mere result of which, upon face it all. There was to be a Ball at and manner, so much shocked her. Government llouse, and my sweet The Corps was now stationed friend would be there. I could temporarily in the Fort, and as not liesitate a moment, though I Agnes was living in the house felt far from fit for such a scene. of a rich Civilian at Chowringhec, 1 jumped out of bed, dressed, who had married a distant rela. drank off a bottle of champagne tion of her's, I was enabled to in from a tumbler, and, defying the dulye to a still greater extent in risk I ran by deserting my post, what was, both to her and to me, set off for Governmeni a dangerous luxury. I was not in I entered, what the gentlemen of love with her, as I hav, often said ; the Press were then in the habit unless it be possible for a Chris of designating as " halls of daztian to be in love with two ladies zling light ;" little cared I for the at onco (which is flat Islamism). imitative glitter of a Colonial hop, But distance of time and of place; but I threw my fevered eye round her inconceivable neglect of her as I wandered from rooin to room, promised wurd, and that after the in search of that bosom on which reasons she had given me to ex I felt that I could have laid my pect a return to my affection; all head and died, these things were combining make me forget my boyish at She was passionately fond of tachment to Miss Eversfield. dancing, and I did not dance the Besides, it was a boyish attach Waltz or Polka--why, it does not ment, and whatever Novelists may signify to tell. Perhaps I would not assert, first love seldom comes to willingly run the chance of exanything to anything but tears posing myself to ridicule, as so and self-discipline, or change and many of my friends do, perhaps oblivion. Thus were we situa even higher and more delicate feelted, each recognizing in the other, ings oppose the organized rompthe friend whose mind was the ing of the : but hush! here complement to one's own. We she comes; how calnily lady-like were young, and we were so hap-! still, even in the frantic grasp of py, to use a lady's phrase. that dandy young Civilian, fresh ·682 Retrospections of a Young Man. from the fashionable saloons of where Mr. Choker had just depo- Russell Square. sited his partner by the side of I sate down when I had caught her relative. her eye, fecling nodoubt about the next quadrille. The wine I had After a little desultory converjust drunk, added to the potations sation we stood up for a quadrille. of the past idle day, had begun to Why dwell on that lour of madtake eflect ; but they had com ness : I felt that I was beloved, bined with the music and the though it was by one who bade scenery around me, and I only me be silent, and told me with her felt melancholy. Nor was my own lips, while the blush spread situation unsuited to produce from face to bosom, that she was such emotions ; surrounded by plighted to another. There is not the young and the beautiful, all such another minute in life as thrilling with a pleasure I could that in which flashes upon you not enjoy; and many of them so the conviction, that you have consoon to be bowed down by the quered the maidenly rescrve of troubles, or laid low by the discas a beautiful and virtuous woman. cs of an Indian life. I was doing Obstacles were forgotten, or vana little bit of Xerxes, and very quished. She loved me I much inclined to cry. And, again, loved her ; Bloxam should be what was I about to do? To ignored, defied; I cared for noplunge, I knew it, into a desperate thing; I trode on a Brigadier's flirtation with a woman I believ gouty toe; cut the General's wife ; ed pledged to another, as I was and proposed the Governor Gelow Ha, ha," I said amidst neral's health to the the concluding crash of horns and wigs” and others who remained a mad world my mas to second supper. I need not say ters." And I made my way, styrn, that I do not recollect how I rcand unapologetic, to the place turned to the Fort. as " Bigtrumpets," CIIAPTER XY. There was but little night left, fore me, pålé, clothed in a shroul ; and it scemed to pass in an in I knew her, though her face was stant. Golden visions began to muffled in the ghastly robe. thicken and grow dark ; a blood Words she spoke, or secmed to red sun rose op a howling ocean, speak, but I understood them with a low, black shore. The not, and woke in a sweat of terror. gloom seemed to whirl and spin, till from the central vortex came An European sailor was standa dim white figure ; and a low ing with his back to me, looking out murinur, mingled with the mur of the opened window, and singmur of the sea. Edith was be- ing something in this fashion :- « Colder then than now it froze, Though to-day is cold cnough ; And I think, as the poor man older grows, The skin on his back gets tough.

·Detached Thoughts. 683 A lady's chariot drove to the George, She was a maiden, proud and higli, I was a lad with a roving eye, Standing by th) forge ; Cling, clang, clang, cling, Hark! how the anvils ring. “ I knew her, and she knew me, But was dumb, for her mate was there, She was wife, that was to be, He was His Lordship's heir, Never again he rose from the bed, Where he slept by his leman fine ; He luid him down in the pride of wine, But the morning found him dead; Clang, cling, cling, clang, Gaily the apvils rang. + ? DETACHED THOUGHTS. I. SELF-KNOWLEDGE implies an acquaintance with our own virtues as well as faults. II. None can understand virtue who have not known temptation. III. In lust our joys are doomed ; In that fierce flame we languish, For when pleasures prove an anguish, They perish self-consuined. IV. • The orbit of Conventionalism is irregular; that of Genius should be a perfect circle-totus rotundus--yet, whenever it is so, the man of Genjus is deemed cccentric. V. Genius is said to be usually unhappy, and "allied to madness." Perhaps, however, in the world we live in, not more than orre in a thousand is really sanc. If the proportion were larger, happiness would be banished; if less, earth would be a Bedlam without keepers. VI. ON LONGFELLOW's " Excelsior." Aye! must we soar* to die, like flame? In life a snare, and Home, and Love? Ah no! the Heaven at which we aim Is round us, not above. * Wordsworth calls the Skylark- " Type of the wise who soar, but never roam, True to the kindred points of Heuven and Home." VOL. 1. NO. 1X.

·[ 684 ] ANSWER TO THE ENIGMA IN NO. VIII. You ask me to solve, so to solve I will try, (Though I'm nearly insolvent myself, by the bye,) But as you, Mr. Saunders, so kindly invite Seal'a Tenders to guess, I will sit down to write. Let me see ; yes, the words are “one of two brothers, The Siamese Twins p'raps ?-I know of no others. By Gemini, yes ! two more are reveal'd, The Infant Micawbers, in young Copperfield. Tush! They need not be twins, as the Enigma goes, So long as two brothers they are, I suppose. Alas! it is cruel, unkind of niy Muse, To desert me just now in a fit of the blues, When the cupboard is ransack'd, and empty the keg, And to stand on the poor poet has not one leg. One leg! Ha, I have it. My proud rigid friend, Who even to Royalty never would bend : Who is centuries old; and who yet is so strong, He with youth's early vigour goes stumping along, Who scorns to be lock'd up in earth or in brick, And rots on the surface, a us'd up old stick. I have thee, for if ever thou hast been stood on, Thou'rt nought but a leg, and nought but a wood 'un : Keep pace as thou may'st with thy plump fleshy brother- Thou art only a shamand dependent on t'other. G.

·Selections and Translations. HOW TO BECOME A PAINTER. .. WHEN the Rue Vanneau in Paris who have never to wrestle with was in process of erection, a young. the heart-burnings caused by dispainter, named René, dwelt in one of couragement, or offended vanity; the three or four houses first built. men who have learned “to labour His lodging consisted of two rooms, and to wait :" but who, always wilthe largest of which, lighted by one ling to toil, are slow to follow the glass window, was arranged as a dictates and promptings of their own painting rooin. On the walls were souls. huing several rough draughts and René was by no means rich, but finished sketches, which seemned to he could freely abandon himself to indicate that the great masters did the pursuit of his favorite study, not possess the exclusive sympa without fear of poverty or starvathics of the owner of the apartment. tion: thanks to a pension of twelve In fact René was one of the aus hundred francs given him bv his terest disciples of that modern native town, till such time as he school of Art to which we are in should be sent to Rome. With this debted for “the Apotheosis of Ho object in view he laboured hard ! mer," and the “Stratenice," two ad This certain income was also increasmirable antique bas reliefs, which ed by some money he gained by givsome people mistake for paintings. ing drawing lessons in a boarding René followed his master, not inere school, so that altogether he was lookly as a pupil, but as a shadow, and ed upon as a Rothschild amongst his if ever by any accident an idea of brother students. Finally, he was individuality arose in his breast, he a very quiet, well-behaved young systematically put it down, as if he man, whose extremely well-ordered feared to introduce a schism into existence was the edification of the the artist-religion, of which he was whole neighbourhood. He received 80 zealous a votary. In short, he few visitors, never returned home late was one of those men, who are (or rather early), and paid his rent either too humble or too weak-mind punctually, which last practice of ed, in that they can submit to wear his completely overwhelmed his all their lives, the livery of other landlord with surprise, as it was people's systems. unknown to him in all the connec- Although passionately attached to tion be had yet had with young his profession, and unswerving in his gentlemen of his profession. stendy regard for it, René belong- In a small dark closet, opening on ed to that class of artists, whose the passage in which René's painting talent consists in their patience room was situated, dwelt a young Itaand perseverance, rather than in lian girl, who earned her livelihood by starting flashes of, genius ; plod singing in the cafés and chop-houses ding, and hard-headed people, of the Quartier Latin. She was eigh- VOL. J.--NO. IX. 6 ·CCXXX How to become a Painter. row, in weeping + teen years of age, and bore the name that's to say a whole night beof Chechina Mario. Her father had fore you. To-morrow, at mid-day, formerly been possessed of some re I shall have your receipt ready, and putation in one of the second-rate Ita if I don't get the money, I shall close lian Theatres, but had been obliged the door of your room--so underto take refuge in France, in conse stand." quence of soine political intrigues by Poor Chechina returned to her which, without his knowing it, he chamber, and passed the whole night found himself compromised. But he only exchanged an Austrian Pri René, who was at work that son for a French Hospital, for at night in his atelier, heard her sobthe end of a few years' exile, pining bing and lamentations. - He enfor his native air, he fell sick and tertained at first the idea of running died. His daughter, a stranger in ito comfort and console thc grief he a strange land, solitary and friend heard so close to him, but as it was less, adopted the life of a gipsey, already very late, he gave up the carning just enough to save her idea. Early the next morning, he from starvation enquired of his hopise-keeper, who Chechina too lived as retired a life was generally well acquainted with as the artist, never receiving any vi everything that took place, into the sitors. Every day, at the same hour, cause of it. In return, Madame she left the house to go her rounds, Jean gave him the history of the litgenerally returning at midnight. tle Italian, and the situation in After her father's death, the poor which she was placed. orphan found herself a little behind So that my neighbour hand with her inoderate rent, and as is about to be turned out of doors, the wretched scanty furniture of her is it not so ?" said the sturoom was not calculated to inspire dent. any great amount of confidence as "Yes, in an hour or two at the to her ability to payment, the porter latest," replied Madam Jean. of the house gave her one evening to René opened a drawer in which understand, by order of the land he kept his proney, took from it the lord, that unless the rent were paid amount claimed by the landlord, in full on tlie following week, she and proceeded to pay him. Flaving would be turned out of doors. The taken his receipt, he returned to his timegivenexpired, and the young girl apartinents, and gave it to Madam was still without the means of satisfy Jean to deliver into the hands of ing the demand against her. Hoping Chechina. to obtain a little longer respite, she " Tell her she has nothing more went in search of the landlord she to trouble herself about. That aflair explained to him that it was not now is settled," added René as he hurricd the best season for her trade, but out to present himself to his nhasthat soon better times would come ter. round, the cafés and the places of Chechina was thunderstruck when public resort would be full of peo she heard the happy news from Maple, her gains would be greater, and dam Jean. that then she would pay up the “But," she exclaimed, “how has whole sum due. The landlord, how it all happened ? I neither know ever, was inflexible, and would not this gentleman, nor does he know give her a day's taw. “But where I do not believe we have ever am I to go to ?" exclaimed the poor seen each other. Who could have girl. told him my situation, and whence “ That's no business of mine." comes the interest be takes in me ?" 61 Wait for at least two or three " It's all very simple," returned days! the house-keeper. "Mons. René Not one hour--I've warned you heard you weeping all last night, before hand—you have till to-mor and this morning, at his request, I 7) me.

·How to become a Painter. сеҳxxi 6 " if you told him all your story, as I received gone to call on his fair neighbour ?" it from the porter, upon which M. and she knooked at Chechina's door, René took pity on your distress, and Getting no answer, and the door not paid the landlord.' being locked, she went in, and found " It will all be assuredly talked , the young girl lying, quite dressed, all over the house, however. A fast asleep on the top of her bed. young gentleman, who obliges a And M. René," said Madam young lady, who is his ncighbour, Jean, after looking all round, and and very handsome into the barinto every corner of the room; " is gain, is, you understand, a subject not he here ?" for gossips to babble about. But, “ What do you say,” enquired for my part, I'd let them talk, if Chechina. « I have not seen M. I were you! M. René is an excellent young man, with a good heart, René, which I'ın annoyed al, for I and that's all! Nevertheless, if he has wanted to speak to him. I sat up for him all night, but he had not reany serious intentions, do you hear me, little one!- very well then, beturned at day break." tween ourselves, I say candidly, if "It's very extraordinary," replied he has any serious intentions, better the house-keeper. " This is the first listen to him than to any one else, tiine I've ever known him sleep out. for he is economical, well-behaved, Can any accident have happened to and talented, and I think you might him ? I must go to his master, and certainly go further and fare find out any news about him.' worse.' After all, little one, I do not “Oh! Madam," said the young say what I do to influence you ;-in- Italian with some hesitation, deed, I hardly know why I speak at should have occasion to pass this all on the subject, for M. René way again, would you have the gooddocs not personally know you, and, ness to step in here? I shall be sadit may be, that he has acted purely ly vexed if any accident have befallen from charity.” M. René." “ From charity!" exclaimed the “ If you are uneasy about him, young Italian, with a glance full of why don't you come with me," asked pride, but I will see this gentle the house-keeper. " You'll know man, I will thank hinn for what he all the sooner by doing so !" has done for me, from charity, as " I will, Madam," said the young you say, Madam: and as it is im. girl, as she hastily threw a shawl possible to believe I can always be as over her shoulders. unfortunate as I have been of late, On arriving at the street in which I will repay him what he has ad the painter's house was situated, vanced for me. It will soon be with whom René studied, Madain Easter, and the days of sunshine will Jean, followed by Chechina, saw I will go and sing to-morrow him at a distance, with a young in the Champs Elysées, where there female on his arm, coming out of are plenty of rich folks, and there I the Court which led to it. The shall gain a great deal more than in young lady in question was drested this neighbourhood." yery remarkably, skipped along the That evening Chechina left her streets like a young kid, and laughclosct door oper, that she might see ed very loudly, while she indulged the young artist on his return, and in sorts of pantomime. thank him. But she waited in vain “Ha! we have arrived in good all the night long, for René did not time," said Madam Jean, as she come home at all. In the morning pointed out M. René, who preceded Madam Jean, when she went to ar them, to her companion. "Yonder range his roum, was surprised to find he is !" it empty. “ Ho, bo," said she to " Where ?"--asked Chechina. herself, with a little smile, “he is "There before you that young not at home, isn't he? Perhaps he's man, walking with that extraordicane.

·cexxxii How to become a Painter. nary young lady: I recognise her, Vesuvius, and breathed the melodishe is one of his models." ous air of Pausilippe, as the breezes Chechina let go the housekeeper's tremble among the laurels that arm, who went up, and talked to shadow Virgil's tomb. A young M. René for a few moments. ghal, she spent four years of her life When Madam Jean returned, she in a convent in the Tyrol, half Itafound Chechina in a state of great lian, half German, and from associagitation. ation with her counpanions, of whom • What is the matter with you, many were born on the banks of my dear ?" she asked. the Rhine, Chechina had incorpo- “ Nothing," replied the Italian! rated much of the poetic dreaminess " And M. René, he has happily esof the Germans with the sprightly caped any accident ?" vivacity of her southern blood. Yes," replied the other : "only Later, she had followed her father and he has warned me that he will not mother in their adventurous travels return home this evening, nor tothroughout Italy. She had knelt morrow, nor perhaps at all." with fervent piety before the blaz- " Ah !" exclaimed Chechina, ing chapels of St. Mark, and passed, "what a handsome creature he was during the Carnival, down the Corso walking with! Did M. René say of Rome. A novice, turned gipsey anything about me ?" in obedience to the stern laws of ne- "Say anything about you !-No! cessity; at fifteen years of ago she -why should he ?" had exchanged a vcil for the tinsel- " I thought as he saw led drapery of a theatre : she had me with you taken a part in the choruses at the “ He did not see you at all,' little " San Carls," and the “ Scala." one, and even if he did, he did not At present, she lived most wretchrecognize you." edly, spending her days in the streets “ You did not tell him, then, that of Paris, with its mud under foot, or Taccompanied you?" said Chechina. its burning sun overhead. She liv- Why, you never told me to ed alone and sad, proud and poor, mention it," replied Madam Joan. pure and beautiful. But though « Truel no more I did ! Then transplanted into a foreign soil, she he does not know that I sat wie still retained all the beauty of her whole night waiting for him !" childhood, the golden flower of a “ No! But what matters it, he southern clime. will relurn," said Madam Jean, as Yct for all the accidents of her she quited Chechina, who, on her life, after passing through the cloispart, returned home. ters of a convent, and the steps of a Chechina was only eighteen years theatre, Chechina was as pure is of age, and an excellent little crea Eve before the first kiss of Adam, ture, and shining in the midst of, and as innocent as she was beand in spite of, her misery, like a fore the conversation with the serbeautiful painting which the poverty pent. Since she had come to Paris, of the artist ha compelled him to set she had been forced to dwell in in a common, coarse wooden frame. scenes of corruption and depravity ; Her father a Venetian, and her she had been exposed to teinptation; mother & Spaniard, Chechina, al she had lived and walked side by though she possessed something of side with vice; but she still remained the character of both countries, apwith her vestal purity unsullied, and peared, Devertheless, to be more a never for one moment had licentious daughter of Spain than of Italy. song or jest stained the limpid As a child, she had bathed her feet clearness of her thoughts, awakened in the waters of the Guadalquiver, curiosity in her mind, or ruffled the and climbed the steep ridges of the calm tranquillity of her soul. But Sierras, Grown up, she had wander the hour had now arrived, when all ed on the flat shores of Ischia, seen ·How to become a Painter. Сcpxiii had kept concealed, should become vals came to soothe the passion in known to her. her breast. She trusted that when After her meeting with René, he did return, René would call to when she had seen him without be offer some explanation regarding ing seen, Chechina returned home the payment of ler rent. But after When she found herself again in some days the artist came home, the little room, which she had been and did not speak to Chechina-did 80 near leaving, she felt strongly not even seek to find her out. The moved. It seemed to her now that morning after his arrival she lay in it was no longer the same which she wait in the passage for Madam Jean, had so long inhabited! She appear as she passed down the corridor, ed to breathe a new atmosphere. and asked her with a slyness quite Wishing to drive out of her head unusual in her, whether M. René the wild thoughts that, like trouble had spoken at all about her. some insects, would hover round, “ Not a syllable !" replied the and settle in her brain, she strove to gopd woman. “ But I only saw him sing as she had been accustom for one moment, for the young lady ed to, but for a long time she who was with him the other day came could not. In spite of herself, the in shortly after I did, and he went only songs she could recollect spoke out with her." of love, of its joy, and its sorrow. This information plunged the un- Until then, these songs had made happy Chechina still deeper in the no iinpression on Chechina. She infernal regions of the jealousy which sang them mechanically, without ei already rankled in her self-love. ther pain or pleasure -- but now they She passed a wretched night, vainly caused her both. As the words fell trying to discover some means of from her lips, their sense passed in re-paying the artist the sum he had to her heart, and there awoke a advanced: and striving to make hercrowd of tumultuous and thronging self believe that this was the only fancies. But there was one idea on bond that connected them, and that which her inind fastened before the could she but once acquit herself of rest, notwithstanding the vague pang this debt, she would think no more of it inflicted : it was the thought that him for the future. Towards morn- René loved another. ing, utterly exhausted, she fell Through jealousy Chechina learn asleep : but there was a smile on ed the meaning of love, through her lips · she had found a means love she entered into life. of obtaining the money. As he had said, René returned On the morrow, when René had home neither the next day, nor the entered the atelier of his master, day after. He had gone to assist his and, while he was just setting to master in finishing and setting up work, a young girl, poorly clad, some paintings in the Chateau of the came into the room, casting her Duc de L. As for the young lady eyes on the ground, as she met the in whose society Chechina had seen inquisitive glances of the eight or him, she was really a model, whom ten students who were at work irf it. his master required, and to fetch She timidly asked if any one wantwhom he had been sent by the ed a modei. painter. Yet, by Chechina she was • Who has sent you here, young still regarded as a rival, and the lady ?” enquired René, as he gazed poor child tortured her budding at her with some curiosity. love with a groundless jealousy. At “No one," she replied ; "I came times she re-called the service M. of my own accord. Bené had, rendered her, without “ In whose painting rooms have knowing, or even having seen her, you eat before ?" asked another. by the sole impulse of charity, " In none ; I have come here, beand then all her native pride cause this is one of the most cele was wounded, One hope at inter-) brated.'

·CCXXXIV How to become a Painter, sous. I part of All the students had quitted their Is it not true, little one ! easels, and crowded round the don't therefore half approve of her stranger, whom they examined with coming here, entering into compesurprise. tition with me, and taking the bread si You are a Jewels, young lady, out of my mouth. It's not pretty, are you not ?" enquired René. that it isn't! But stay,--some one “No, sir, I am a Neapolitan ! must have sent her here!-Come, My father was a Venetian, and my I'll bet this is some of your doing, mother a Spaniard," she answered. René." “ The devil!" murmured a young “ Me; why me?" said the student. student, utterly overwhelmed with " Becausc you must know that admiration. a mixture of Murillo, she lives in the same house as you : and Paul Veronese,-great men I met her in your passage yesterday. doubtless, although they have no Oh, yes, affect ignorance-do--I like friends here." to see it." “ You are going to undertake, a René turned round, and looked very fatiguing occupation, young lady," said René. stedfastly, at the young girl. She turned pale under his glance. " I am young and strong," said the young girl. “ For heaven's sake, sir," she “ Before we can decide on giving cried, "removc ine from this place." you employment, you must lay aside That evening, Chechina, seated your dress," murmured beside René, repeated to him the René in a low voice. whole of her simple story, froin the The poor girl blushed crimson day she had known him, and all when she heard this kindly meant her feelings had become changed. hint. Without hesitation, and with all the “ Heaven knows," exclaimed an boldness of innocence, she told other student, " that we are not in hiin of her love, of her jealousy, of doubt about your beauty, which is her wounded pride. perfect;-but it is the custom, “ But what made you wish to bemust discover to what school of come a model ?" asked René. beauty your forın belongs." " Alas!" she replied, " you had " I will do whatever you desira," conferred an obligation on me, and said the young girl, as she took off you did not even care to receive my her bonnet and shawl. thanks. This was what vexed me, At a gesture from René, the stu and I could not bear the idea that you dents all rctired to the other end of should have aided me with the same the atelier; still the young girl ap indifference, that you would have peared to hesitate ; but when pshe given alms to a beggar. I wished to suw another girl enter, who paused owe you nothing, -you, who would in astonishment on the threshold, not even perniit nie to know you, she rapidly undid the clasp of her But, as it would have taken too long girdle. to have made up the sum required (Hold, holde" called out the by my former occupation, as singing, new-coiner to the stranger ; " what, I determined to try a quicker mehave your music and singing failed thod. It was the woman of the you, my child, that you have taken house, Madam Jeans who, without to this trade?! intending it, gare me the idea, by • What's that you're saying, talking of the employment of the Clara ?" asked René. young woman with whom I first “Faith, it's very simple," replied saw you. This is how you saw me the painter's model, wio rejoiced in so soon at your master's atelier, the name of Clata. " This is the fair but oh, how ashamed I was !" vestal of the Quartier Latin, who " And now," said René, in whose sings like a dozen nightingales, and heart love was being slowly kindled many's the time I've given her a Ly the bright glances of the beautiw -we - ·A Father's advice to his Son. CCXXXV it.” some ful young girl," and now, do you as a totally different style from his still look on me as a creditor ?" own school, was not the less appre- "Oh, now," replied Chechina, ciated by the honest painter. After “ it's a very different thing ; now intently gazing on it for a consider - you are my friend. Since I know now able time, he half murmured to himthat you don't love that Clara, I self: Let us go ! One more left us, shall not tease myself so much about and gone over to the enemy." “ I was in hopes, sir, you would About a month after this conver have been good enough to have sation, René one morning brought given me some advice, or to his master a magnificent paint. hints," said René, hesitatingly. ing representing Venus rising from the foain of the sea. The painter smiled as he took The students in the atelier all burst into loud him by the arm, and replicd, with a exclamations of rapture, when they gentle, good-natured irony :-“Advice or hints to you, mny young gized on this beautiful master-piece. " Who is the artist ?" enquired friend? One of these days I shall the great man, when he cainc into. be going to you to obtain them !" his study. and he left the room. “ I am, sir," modestly replicd “ Does it appear to you like any René. onc?" asked René, when he found You,---you, -Are you sure of himself alone with his companions. it? You astonish me. I hardly " Oh," exclaimed one of them, expected this from you. You have " by Jove, now you niention it, it is kept your talent very close, ch ?” the image of that Hebe who caine René did not presume to make here one day for a model. The girl any reply to his master, who conti who used to sing in the Cafés !" nued to examine, with growing ad “Very likely !" quietly replied miration, all the beauties of his per- René. “ But you will never hear formance, which, although conceived her sing again, gentlemen !" A FATUIER'S ADVICE TO IIIS SON. ( Continued from last Number.) The two Townsmen, who thought to trick a Country Clown. A RUSTIC joined himself to two dream. Then they all prepared to cits who were going on a pilgrimage. sleep, and the rustã, who had over- Their expenses were in common, heard the others, rose up as soon as but their funds fell short as they ap all was quict, stole to the fire, and proached the end of their journey. drew forth the cake. Of flour they still had a small quan- After he had eaten it all, he again tity, with which they made a cake. laid down. In a short time one of Then the townsmen drew aside, and the cits woke up, and roused his comarranged how to defraud their com panion. "A wonderful dream," said rade, because he was a glutton. he, “ I have had, and much pleased They all agreed to set the cake on am I therewith. St. Gabriel and St. one side, and then lay them down to Michael opened the gates of heaven, rest, and that he alone should harte and flew away with ine to the preit, who dreamed the most wonderful sence of the Great Godl.", "Great ·CCXIXYi A Father's advice to his Son. joy, indeed, you must have had," rejoined the other, “ but quite the reverse happened to myself. Two evil spirits, methought, seized upon me, and hurried me down into hell.' The clown heard all this, but pretended to be sound asleep. Then the townsmen roused him up; and he seemed in terror as from a dream, and demanded who they were. “We are your comrades," said they; "get “ My comrades!" he exclaimed. “When did you return ?" "Return!" asked they in surprise. “ You fool, we have not been away.' "I believe you, he answered, “ but I dreamed a marvellous dream. 'I thought that St. Gabriel and St. Michael opened the gates of Heaven, and bare one of you away upwards ; while devils carried off the other to the unextinguishable flames of hell. I fancied that I had lost you for ever, and that you would never come back again; so I rose up and eat the cake, and left not a crumb of it." Thus do they, who covet all, oftentimes lose alj. Continuing in the same strain, the old man advises his son to flee the example of the dog, who not only devours his own share, but also seizes upon what is intended for his peighbour. The camel is in this respect rather to be imitated, for these animals will not touch the hay that is thrown before them, until they are all assembled, and have each an equal chance of satisfying his hunger. Then follows the story of up.' The Tailor, the king, and his Serjeant. - A CERTAIN king had an excellent them, my friend, but your master tailor, and this tailor had journey said I know not why he should men who sewed what he cut out, that you never eat honey, but would and among them was his foreman, rather something else." named Nidui. The latter was ex Nidui took no further notice of it pert in his business, and was clever at the time, but cast about in his bath' to sew and to cut out. Now mind how he should requite his musa grand festival was at hand. So ter this evil turn. Accordingly one the king sent for his tailor, and day he went privily to the Chamordered many rich robes to be made berlain, and said to him with subto do honor to the feast. The tailyrtlety: “Sir, I pray you, be on your then called together his men, and gyard against one thing. My, mashurried forward the work. And ter has attacks of the moon in his the king placed one of his Cham- head, whereby he loses his senses, berlains to watch over them, and to and becomes deranged. If he is not furnish them with whatsoever they then quickly hound fast, whoever wanted, and to see that they did not ineets him will never more eåt steal anything. One day they bread." “ If I could know of a were regaled with bread and honey, certainty," replied the Chamberlain, but Nidui was not at that moment « when he would be so, I would take in the company. When the Cham- good care that he should be so seberlain observed this, he called the cured, that he could not injure any master-tailor, and said to him : ofs you." Nidui answered: “I will “ You ought to wait for your comtell you how I have seen him at panion Nidui." Then the master other times. When he begins to look replied cunningly: “ We would wil. about him on this side and on that, lingly wait for him, but he never to stamp on the ground, to jump up eats honey if he can get any thing from his seat, and to knock over his else." When they had eaten it up all stool, then ke you sure that his mad- Nidui came back, and was wroth, and ness is coming on ; nor will he reangrily demanded : "Why did you cover from it, until he has been eat without me? You might have bound and beaten.' Then the waited for me, I think." Then an Chamberlain promised to watch swered the Chamberlain: “So I told Him closely, and to take measures 12 ·A Father's advice to his Son, CCXxxvii to prevent his doing any harm. the consequences of practical jokes, Soon after this Nidui hid away his ever apt to recoil on those who atmaster's sheers.* And one day the tempt their perpetration. tailor wanted to cut out some stuff, but could no where find bis sheers. Two gluttons once met at the court So he began to look about him on of a certain king. Their dinner was this side and on that, and he jumpscrvcd up to them at the same time, ed up from his seat, and knocked and dreadful was the havoc they made. One of them afterwards took over his stool, and hunted for them all the bones he himself had polished, in every corner. When the Chamberlain saw him thus acting like a and piled them up in a heap before madman, he quickly called in the the place where the other had been Serjeant, and commanded him to sitting. Then he went to the king and said : bind the tailor. His arders were My companion is a immediutely obeyed, and the tailor terrible glutton. He has stripped was secured and soundly thrashed. all the bones you see arranged there And when they were tired of belabefore him." The other promptly bouring him, they let him go. answered and said : 56 Siren I have Then he asked the Chamberlain done rigli. I have eaten the meat, and left the bones. In this I am why he had so evil entreated hin. not to blaine. But this fellow has "Nidui,” he replied, "gave me to understand that you were subject to fed like a dog, for he has munched attacks of the moon, and that if we up bones and all." So thc mocker did not hold you fast, it would be was himself mockcd, and hooted out of the palace. the worse for some of us." The master then called Nidui and said : On concluding this parable, the " Since when hast thou known that dying sage launches out into a full I am wont to be thus deranged ?" stream of moral instruction, excel- And Nidui angwered : " And do lent in its kind, and admirably conyou tell nic thing-since veyed; the general purporter when have I disliked honey ?" being to recommend moderation in Then the Chamberlain and the prosperity, and resignation in adver- Serjeant, and all who were there sity; contentment, and honest indusprosent, both great and small, try. To enforce the value of palaughed heartily; for he who de tience under losses, he cites the tale of ceives his comrade, richly deserves " The Churl and the Little Bird," whatever may befal himself. which will be given hereafter at "Qui mal porchace et mal porquiert" greater length, and with fuller details. i. e. whoso seeks to injure his This story, however, suggests the danneighbour brings injury upon him gere and folly of giving up substanself, is the appropriate remark of the tial advantages for the sake of chisensible youth. Upon which his fa merical promises or benefits; and ther goes on to warn him against thus we are introduced to The Farmer who consigned his Gren to the OWolf. A FARMER WH one day driving his what he said. When the farmer oxen in a plough, but they refused unyoked his cattle, the wolf thought to go the way he wished. Then he he would possess them at his leisure, flew into a passion, and exclaimed : in consequence of what the rustio “ Would that the wolf might devour had said." So he went straight up you for all the trouble you have to him, and demanded the oxen, but given me !" The wolf happened the farmer would not give them up to be near at hand, and overheard The wolf, however, persisted in his one . * In the original les forces,' an evident corrnption of forceps , VOL. 1.--NO. IX.

·CCXXXVIII A Father's advice to his Son. $ . claim, and thus they disputed and and showed him at the bottom of the bandied about many words. Just well the reflection of the full moon. then the fox came wandering bye, “All the trouble you will have," and drew near to hear the subject of he said, "is to let yourself down incontention. The than acquainted to the well, if you would taste of the him with all that had passed. Then cheese." "“Nay, answered the wolf," the fox said : " You need go no “ do you go down first, and if the farther in quest of a just judgment, cheese be too large for you to for I will pronounce it without a bring up by yourself, then will I fault. But, first of all, let me speak descend." Over the well a cord to each separately before I form my was suspended, at the two ends of opinion. which were fastened two buckets Then he called the farmer aside, for the purpose of drawing up water and asked if he would give him a át pleasure; as the one went down, hen for himself and another for his the other came up. The fox perdame, if he assisted him and deliver ceived that the wolf was completely ed him from the wolf. The other gulled, so he seated hiinself in one readily promised whatever he de of the pails, and gently let himself manded. On this the fox turned to down. And the wolf jumped for the wolf and said : “ I have spoken joy, and cried out : "Now coine in thy behalf to the man, and have back with the cheese." But the fox made hiin promise to give you a replied: “I cannot move it, you cheese as large as a buckler, on con must come down yourself, if you dition that you renounce your claim wish to eat any of it." Then the to the oxen. The wolf willingly as wolf entered the other bucket; and sented. The fox then added : “Come as he descended the other mounted. along with me, and I will show you When they met midway, the fox the cheese." So the wolf quitted the spoke to him, and said : " Fair brofarmer, and went whence he never ther, go and enjoy the cheese you rned. The fox walked straight so much desire. On this the wolf away, and the wolf followed him, un sprang forth to seize the prize, and til they came to a well just as the sun lost his own life. vanished from their sight. And when The wolf's credulity induces the they reached the well, the moon was father to caution his son against a shining bright upon the clear water. sinilar weakness, lest he should suf- The fox then called to his companion, fer for it like The Thief who embraced a Moon-beam: A THIEF once entered the house nor can I comprehend how you have of a very rich man, with the intention guined so much." And he replient : of stealing whatever he could find. “You are wrong to ask such a thing, To the roof of the house he climbed, but freely enjoy what God hath giva and listened if any one were awake. en to us. But she pressed him ex- Now the master of the house was ceedingly to tell her, until at last aware of the thief, so he said softly the good man pretended to be weato his wife : “Ask me aloud, so ried out by her importunities, and that you may be overheard, whence thus made answer. "I was formercame all my riches, and how I ob ly a thief, and my master taught me tained all this wealth. Do not let a charm, which he greatly prized. me rast until I have told you." Then When he was on a house top, he she did as he commanded, and asked used to repeat that charm seven with a loud voice: “Sir, tell me, I times; then he would embrace a pray you, by what means you acquir moon-beam, and let myself down ed all your vast property, for I never into the house, and take whatever could understand it. I never knew A pleased, for it in no way impeded you to Erude, or to lend on usury; And when I wished to return, . me.

·A Father's advice to his Son. CCXXXIX I said the charm over seven times, of instruction with regard to his duty and, embracing a moon-beam, mount to himself, the father proceeds to ed to the roof as by a ladder." teach hiin his duty to his sove- “Teach me, I beseech you," said she, reign, whom he is bound to obey, “this wondrous charm.' Willing however wicked he may be, because ly," replied he. “I used to repeat kings are accountable for their aothe word Saul seven times, then the tions to God alone. He then gives moon-beam bore my weight without him some general directions as to his difficulty, and no one in the house conduct at table, should the king ever awoke, whether great or small." invite him to supper. "When you " Truly," answered the wife, “this have washed your hands, sand dried charm is a great treasure, and had I them with a towel, and shall have any relation or friend, who could not seated yourself at table, and the otherwise maintain himself, I would bread has been placed before you, be teach it to him, and 80 make him not in too great haste to begin to eat, rich and affluent." Then her hus leat they should say that you starve band begged her to be silent, and go at home. Do not take too large & to sleep, for held remained awake mouthful at a time, for this s not long enough, and nuch wished for seemly, and they would say that repose. She then held her peace, you were a glutton. Never swallow and he began to snore. When the a morsel whole, either through haste robber heard this, he deemed that or greed, for so you may choke he was asleep, so he repeated the yourself. It is not well to drink becharm seven times, and embracing fore that your mouth be empty, for a moon-beam, placed his hands and this is deemed clownish. Whatever feet upon it, but fell to the ground, any one may say, take care not to and broke his right leg and arm ; speak while you have any thing in 80 badly did the moon-beain bear your mouth, lest any of the crumbs him up. On hearing the noise of should enter the throat, and stop up the full, the master of the house the passage by which the sprang up, and demanded aloud should descend. After supper never what was the matter. The other re forget to wash your hands, for this Much ly overbeard your talk. Your 'instruction of this kind does the old charm has served me so well, that man bestow on his attentive listener; I am a dead man. Then the offi after which he resumes the subject cers of justice carricd him off, of his moral conduct, and especially and he was straightway sent to the warns him against apathy and indoleuce by the example of 'Having given his son thus much m. Maimon, the Slothful. ter gibi ONE morning Maimon's master as you ought to do. Do you think desired him to rise, and open the to lie in bed as long as your mas house door. Now, there was nothing * Sir," replied Maimon, "I he so much disliked as having to turn should much like to have something out of his watt bed ; so he answer to eat." " What! you glutton," cried ed and said: “ I knew it was your his lord, " would you eat before it is wish that the door should be open day !" "Is it fair then," rejoined at an early hour, so I left it open all the other, that I should get up benight." On another occasion his fore the day down? I have no wish master called out to him : " Get to compete with the sun in early risup, you lazy loon, and do your work ing." If his master syked him if it In the original toaillo.'

·ccxl A Father's advice to his Son. raincd, Maimon would whistle for slothful ?" “ I took care not to stay the dog, and if his hair were wet, longer than was safe." When the he answered, Yes; but if it were good man heard all this, much he dry, he answered, No. When he grieved. With a sad and heavy was asked if the ftro were lighted, hcart he went away, till he met a hc would call the cat, and feel her friend, to whom he recounted his paws; if they were warm, he would misfortunes, and in return received say that there was a fire. His masmuch sympathy and consolation. ter was once coming home from a This friend dilates at some length fair, nierry and joyful, for hc bad made great gains, when he fell in on the uses of adversity, and adduwith Maimon, and said to him : ces the example of Job as an encou- « Take care that you tell me noragement to hope for better times; thing but good news.” Now Mai- but we may reasonably presume, mon was quick to tell a lie, so he that the worthy man felt more subanswered “Mainpinele, your ofastantial satisfaction, when he discovered that the whole story was an vorite bitch, is dead." "Of what did elfe die, Maimon !" "I will tell invention of the indolent but imagiyou,' native Maimon. said he. " The mule took fright, broke his tether, and ran After this little tale the father ada way. The bitch got in his path, vises his son occasionally to with- 80 he trampled her under foot. draw from the turmoil of the world ; " And what became of the mule?" and to rommune with hiinself in se- “ He fell into a well, and was drown cret By way of illustration he tells ed." " But what frightened him ?" him what passed between King Al- “Your son fell down the steps, and exander and the Sacristan Socrates, was taken up dead, and this scared who had retired into a lonely wood, the mule." “ How is the mother where he made his dwelling in a of the child ?" “ She conceived tub. Passing from this historical (!) h grief for the loss of her son, episode to the uncertain tenure of that no one could comfort her, so she human life, he exhorts the youth to also died." " Who then lias taken live as if he yere on the verge of the charge of the house ?" “ It is all grave, and not to cling too fondly in ruins, and burnt down to she to the pleasures and vanities of the ground.” “How came this? Who yorld, lest he be one day surprised set it on fire ?" Maimon went on . unawares like a thief, who, loitering with his tale. " When your lady too long in selecting his plunder, was dead, and laid upon the bier, the has been overtaken by the dawn of chambermaid went into the room to day, and discovered by the servants see that all was right, and wher she of the house. With this admonition came out, she forgot the candle, and he appropriately closes bis instruc- 80 the house caught fire." si And tions, induting the transitory Lawhat is become of the chamber ture of all earth joy and beseechmaid ?" " She remained so long ing his son to lay up treasure in trying to extinguish the flames, that Heaven, where alone happiness is she too was burnt." << But how did to be found, and joy for evermore. you escape, ; who are generally so Amen, Amen, dites trestuit. * That is, every one of you.

·ADVERTISEMENTS. ST. ANDREW'S LIBRARY, CALCUTTA. FRESH STATIONERY AND DEED BOXES. Messrs. THACKER, SPINK & CO. have just landed from the Duke of Wellington, a lurge assortment of DOUBLE BLOCK TIN BOXES, of different sizes, with Patent Improved Locks, and admirably adapted DEED, or DISPATCH BOXES, price varying from Rs. 8 to 20, MERCHANT'S BILL CASES, Block tin, reduced in price from Rs. to Rs. 5. Also a large Invoice of WEDDING STATIONERY, comprising CARDS, ENVELOPES and WAFERS, of the newest designs ; OVERLAND PAPERS ; and the NEW DOUBLE THICK CREAM LAID BARONIAL NUTE PAPER, &c. &c. .. ... .. Messrs. Thacker, Spink & Co. have also banded from the " Duke of Wellington," the following articles, to which they beg, to draw attention : MILITARY RECONNOITRING AND OTHER TELESCOPES. Reconnoitring Telescopy, 1 foot taper large object Glass, Sling and Caps, by West, Rs. 50 Davis's small 6 draw Reconnoitring Telescopes, in leather cases, Rs. 25 Deer-Stalking, 2 feet, 4 draw Telescope, by Troughton and Simms, bronzed, with shade and leather case, Rs. 75 West's 2 feet Telescope, 3 draw, covered with leather in case,... Rs, 70 13 feet ditto,... Rs. 50 15 inch 3 draw Telescope, with Whalebone body, mounted in German Silver, in case,.. Rs. 55 ... ... ... 0 .. LO .. . INSTRUMENTS. Theodolites by Troughton and Simms, 7 Inch, Everest's construction, divided upon Sivert Ten Seconds, with Tripod Stands complete, ... Rs. 674. Dumpey Levels by Troughton and Simms, 14 Inch, with com pass, floating Silver Ring, &c. &c.; and Tripod Stand complete, Pentagraphs, by Troughton and Simms, 3 feet best brand, in mahogany case, ... Rs. 150 Boiling Thermometers, with Apparatus complete, Rs. 25 Differential - Thermometers, 26 Rs. 400 .. .. .. Rs. ... .. CAMP CHAIR-BEDS. .. Brown's Patent Camp Chair and Bed, with fout rests, Rs. 3.5 ·Advertisements. CARPET AND LEATHER BAGS. Carpet Bags, with patent Lock and Key, of sizes, Rs. 8 and Rs. Black Leather Travelling Bags, with patent Lock and Key, of 3 sizes, Rs, 10, Ks. 16, and Rs. 14 20 . ENVELOPE CASES. Amboyna Shaped Envelope Cases, of Motuled Ebony, with Lock and Key, Rs. 16 Ditto, of handsome Maple Wood,... Rs. 16 ... ... ... .. . ... ..C C . ... ... STAUNTON'S CHESSMEN AND BOARDS. Staunton's Chessmen, in handsome Carton Pierre Boxes, with Book of Games, Rs. 50 Chess Boards, to inatch the above, Rs. 32 Staunton's Chessmen, Club size, loaded, in plain Mahogany Boxes, Rs. 35 Ditto sniuller size ditto, Rs. 20 ... . .. D. ... .. .. ... AMATEURS' TOOL CHESTS. Tool Chests of Oak, containing an assortment of the most useful Carpenter's Tools, No. ºl Rs. 20, No 2 Rs. 25, No. 3 Rs. 32 GRINDSTONES. Improved Grindstones worked hy Cog-wheels, ...' Rs. 16 QUEEN'S CROCHET COMPANIONS. Leather Cases containing a full assortment of Crochet and Knitting Needles, also Thread of different Nos., Rs. 10 ... ... 1. HOMEOPATIIC MEDICINES. MessRø. THACKER, SPTNK & CO. have just received a fresh supply of the above Medicines, in Globules :- Boxes containing 59 Medicines Rs. 40 36 25 30 23 12 9 ...............4 .................. ...... ............. ....... ........ 1. 3 1 DOUBLE-BARRFI. GUNS, BY T. K. BAKER, LATE MORTIMER. SUPERIOR DOUBLE BARREL GUNS, pbeautifully finished, and fitted with Apparatus complete, in neat Oak and Mahogany Cases. MESSRS. THACKER, SPINK & CO. having received instructions to chose the consignment of the above, teg to offer the only three remaining Guns, at the greatly reduced price of Co.'s Rs. 300 each, Cash.

·Advertisemena. 1 IMPORTANT NOTICE. TO REGIMENTAL MISSHS AND MOTUSSIL I RISIDIINTS. EVERY ARTICLE SOLD, WARRANTED TO BE ONLY OF THE BEST AND MOST GENUINE QUALITY. F. W. Browns and Co. respectfully beg to draw the particular atten. tion of their kind Friends, and the Public, to the following INDENTO, CONSISTING OF PORTUGAL, SPANISH, RHENISH AND FRENCH WINES, Delicious Champagne-Cognac-Brandy and LIQUEURS. CONFECTIONERY, GROCERY AND ITALIAN STORES. WE PARTICULARLY BEG TO RECOMMEND THE NEW AND FASHIONABLE WINES, SPARKLING HOOK AND MOSELLE, OF THE MOST EXQUISITA FLAVOR. All who have tasted these delicious Wines declare them to be far superior to any other they have ever moet with in India. TODD AND JAMES" FIRST QUALITY CHAMPAGNE IN QUARTS, J. & C. WHITE & CO'S CELEBRATED PALE, GOLDEN AND BROWN' SHERRITO, IN QUARTS' AND PINTS." THEIR VERY SUPERIOR PORT, IN QUARTS AND PINTA..

·Advertisement CARBONELL'S PORT, IN QUARTS ONLY. SMAW AND MAXWILL'S CHAMPAGNI, OF FIKAT RATH QUALITY, IN QUARTS. STILL HOCKS, OF THE PINEST QUALITY, AND THE MOST APPROVED BRANDS. PETER HERRING AND KNUDSEN'S O HERRY BRAND X. SIR FELIX BOOTH'S OLD TOM AND CORDIAL GIN, GENUINI MARASCHINO AND CORAJDA. GENUINE PICKLED NATIVE OYSTERS, In small jars ; a most delicious DISA for TIFFIN at home or on eacursions GENUINE BOLOGNA SAFZACHS. Stewed Masbrooms, Artichokes and Green Pers;' Fresh Salınun in one and two pound tiny ; Fresh Lobstardy strongly reromniended, lied or in a l'ayo. naise Salad ; Pate de Becasse, Pate de Bercadoluos ; 'Pute de Farsan; Pate de Perdrix Truffees; Patos de Plapiers ; Pute D'Allouettes, &r. Bol ; Sau 195e8 Truffére; Ortalans Truffées; ('{ pes a l'Huile ; Patea de Muie Gras Truflere ; Assorted Potted Meats ; Agbor ted soups; Spiced and Corned Brishets and Rounds of Beef; Prime English Ox Tongues ; Dressed English Rolled Ox Tongues ; Sardines in oil and Butter, Herrings & la Sardines ; Smoked Yarmuuth Bloaters; CASTELL AND BROWN'S JAMS AND JELLIES. FORTNUM, AND MASON'S FANCY CONFECTIONERY. Patent Barley and Groats, Homøopathic Cocoa, Assorted Sauces, &c. &c., Tart Fruito ; Fruits in Brandy and Nayeau for dessert ;' Crystallised and Pritte Glacés, in small bottine and tina, French Prones; Muscate! Bloom Haisios med Jordan Almonds ; Chocolate ; Comfits and Lozenges; Tuikey Figs; (rapolated Honey, &c. &c. F. W. BROWNE AND Co. Wine, Boor, and Spis it Merchants. 8 & 9, Qld Court House Street, ·Advertisementa. HEALTH FOR ALL!!! 1 + The time has now come when the public health in India must be more attentively considered with a view to its preservation and improvement. Notwithstanding the number of Medical Gentlemen employed in the Country, it is a well known fact that hundreds of our Countrymen are annually consigned to an early grave, or compelled to return to England with shuttered constitutions; no class of people on earth are 80 physicked-aye--and physicked with poison too--and yet with hundreds of Doctors within the three Presidencies and medicines innumerable-the mortality in India is greater than in any other of our Colonies. The average. age to which persons live in this country is 40 years. Another startling fact is, that one-half of all the children born of European parents in India, die before they reach their fifth year, and in many unhealthy Stations a large portion of these die within the first year. What can inore clearly demonstrate the fact, that while the Residents in India have been physicked by a large standing Army of Doctors, they hare not been taught the best mode of preserving their health. : One truth must be clearly understood and consistently acted apon, namely, that all the diseases to which the human frame is subject, arise from an impure state of the blood. Let this vital principal be freed from impurities, and disease cannot take place. PURE AIR AND PURE BLOOD. The relationship between pure air and pure blood is very intimate. The office of the lungs is to decarbonize the blood. Previously to its passing through tho organs it is of a dark black colour, in consequence of its being charged with Carbon ; it is then termed venous blood When it comes into contact with the oxygen of the atmosphere, it is purged from the Carbon and changed to a beautiful crimson; it is then termed arterial blood. If the surrounding air be foul, charged with miusma of Carbonic acid gas, which has escaped frpin' the lungs of individuals or from putrid inatter, it is impossible that the blood should be changed from venous into arterial. The object of the blood is to convey a replen ishing principle to every part of the human frame for the purpose of repairing the waste which is constantly going on. But if it has come in contact with impure air, it gallops through the system, charged.not With health and vigour-but with a distane engendering, principle : hence low, intermittent fevecs, dysentery, cholera, and other fearful diseases. AN EFFICACIOUS REMEDY. FOR ALL DISEASES. Now if disease arise from the cause thua 'described-who can question the philosopay or doubt the efficacy of the Hollowayen System. like Doctors in general, be shows how disease may be prevented, or if its presence be detected, he shows them what is the cause. Of course, he says, # If you are suffering from disease take my pulis." For while Professor Holloway: Pills are perfectly free from poison they are at the same time, charged with a powerful disease-exterminating principle. Being taken into the system--they assimilate with the blood, and the vital fuid is thus charged with an element, which wages war with every unhealthy obetrnotion--a work of emancipation commences and most plemtring are the results, ·Advertisements. COMPLAINTS OF THE LIVER, THE LUNGS AND THE STOMACH REMOVED. The Liver hitherto morbid in its action is freed from unbealthy secretions, acrimonious bile is carried off, and along with it distressing pain in the right side, and a burning sensation at the Stomach, tlıc_sallowness of the skin vanishes and is succeeded by a healthy liver. The Lungs, which had been held in thraldom by vitiated humours, causing a constant hacking cough, is set free by the use of these Pills, so that respiration becomes easy The Stomach, in which impurities had been allowed to accumulate, causes nausea, violent headache, indigestion, nervousness, burning sensation and acute pain, bowel complaints, sleepless nights, and a hogt of other evils, the stomach is completely cleaned of its nisery-making occupants, by a few doses of this extraordinary medicine. MALIGNANT CHOLERA ROBBED OF ITS VICTIMS. This disease, which is so common in India, results from a redundancy and putrid acrimony of the bile. Now Holloway's Pills by cleansing the intestines, and imparting vigour to the whole nervous system are of admirable use as a preventive; but when this use of them has been overlooked, the actual attacks of Cholera may be mitigated by a timely and persevering use of them. The stomach and bowels will thus be effcctually freed from all vitiated humours,' and the various functions speedily restored to their proper tone. 4 RHEUMATISM AND GOUT PREVENTET AND CURED. And what is Rheumatism? It is a painful disc se, affecting the joints and limbs-caused by an accumulation of impurities. How common is the exclamation, “ I have caught a cold, and it has brought on that tiresome excruciating pain on my shoulders or linbs!" Do you wish to know why this pain! We will tell you, and, which is still better, we will tell you how to get rid of it. By means of respiration and perspiration the human system is continually throwing off waste matter. LAVOISIER, the celebrated French Chemist, states that the skin alone during every four and twenty hours parts with 20 ounces of useless matter. This supposes health and favourable circumstances. But should any of this matter be thrown back into the system, proportionate disease must necessarily ensue. You spend some time in a heated place, or drive out visiting during the hot months, and the pores of your body become open and sensitive; you go in this state under a punkha or perhaps lie down on a couch right before the "tatties," and fall asleep. The pores are suddenly closed--perspiration is obstructed, and the waste matter remaining in the system become a fruitful source of disease and pain. The next morning your eyes swim, your voice is pusky and you feel pain, and you exclaim," what a beastly country! I have taken cold from just sitting Fear the tatties," and then how do you act? You do pot as you ought, at once seek to free the system from impure obstructions, but you content yourself with some mere palliative, you lose some of the first pnpleasant sensations, but the impurities still lurk within you? Every now and then you feel twitching, torturing pains in your limbs; but those pains are sent in mercy, and their language is_-"you ·Advertisements. ? have broken a physicial law : your want of care has caused unhealthy. obstructions; get rid of these, and you will be free from pain; allow these to remain and pains still more fearful will be the result. This alone can be effectually done by resorting to a course of Holloway's Pills and Ointinent, which will, in a few days, remove these obstructions, and restore health and vigour to the whole system. DISEASES IN GENERAL. The same may be said of the other, and almost numberless diseases rising from this fertile, this cole cause of all diseases the inpurities of the blood--and none who have used these invaluable Medicines have been disappointed. The grateful aspirations of thousands in every part of the world furnish abundant demonstration that never was a Medicine employed, at once 80 safe and so salutary, so powerful to conquer disease, yet so harmless that an infant may take it with safety. Wherever these Pills and Ointment have been known they have been regarded as a blegs ing and are held in the highest estimation us an, invaluable Medicine, and every resident in India ought to have a box of the Pills and a Pot of the Ointment in his 'Bungalow, both for himself, his family, his servants, and his friends. Sold in Boxes and Pote; at 1,2-8, 4-8, 11, 12, and 33 Rupees each. Directions for their use in all discases accompany each Box and Pot. AGENTS FOR INDIA, Thomas Payne and Sons, 7-8, Writers' Buildings, Calcutta ; Mr. Cook Dacca ; Mr. Felly Cuttack ; Mr. Chapman, Darjeeling; Mr. Wheeler Hazureebaugh ; M bars. Thomas and Co., Monghyr; F. Smith and Co., Dinapoie; Tutle and Charles, Benares ; Mr. Tiernan, Chunar ; Baboo Rhugbutty Churn Chuckerbutty, Mirzapore; Boilard and Co., Allahabad , Brandon and Co., Lucknow ; Greenway Brothers, Cawnpore ; Mr. Pyle, Futtyghur; Mr., J. A. Gibbons, Meerut'; Noor Buksh and Co., Delhi and Lahore; MacDonald and Co., Umballah ; Mr. Coutes, Ferozepore; Nuby-Bux and Co., Loodianah and Jullundur Doub; Vivian and Co., Simlah ; Mr. Greig, Mussoorie; Mr Johnstone, Nainee. Tall; Pestonjee and Co., Mhow ; Curseljee and Co., Saugor, Jubbulpore, Kamptee and Secundrabad; Hulse and • Nephew, Agra. N. B.-Directions in " Oordoo" and " Googératech can also be had for taking the Medicines. E DU CATION. - KNOLLSWOOD ACADEMY-=SIMLA. CARDS OF PARTICULARS, (WITH USEXCEPTIONABLE REFERENCES) Forwarded on Requisition. PRINCIPALI. WALLACE. 5 ·Advertisements. THE DEHLI GAZETTE LITHOGRAPHIC PRESS. In a former Circular, the Proprietors of the Dehli Gazette Lithographic Press expressed their desire to introduce the system of Cash payment for their Lithographic Forms, for which object the prices were considerably reduced. The Managing Proprietor, with reference to the comparative cheapness with which paper can now be imported direct from England, is glad to be able to announce that he has further reduced the prices of printed Forms for Cash payments. The rates given below are reduced about TWENTY-FIVE per cent., and the terms of sale from the 1st of March, 1851, will be cash in three months after despatch of the Forms ; if in that time payment is not made, Ten per cent. interest will be arged on account. Packing will be arged for. c FOR NATIVE INFANTRY. CASA Casa RATES RATES 7 DOZ. p 100. . .. . + . O . . .. . . . 1- - . .. . RO . . . . . .. .. Monthly Returns, Rs. 8 11-0 Master Rolls for Company, 8 Copy ditto ditto, 0 70 Pay Abstracts ditto, 8 11 0 Acquittance Rolls, 0 7-O Muster Rolls, Adjutant's Establishment, 8 11-D , Copy Muster Rolls ditto, Pay Abstracts ditto,.. -12 5-8 Muistar Rolls for Interpreter and Q.-M.'s Establishments, 0-12 5 8 Copy ditto ditto ditto, 8 3 8 Pay Abstracta for Interpreter and Q.M.'s Establishments, 8 11 8 Acquittance Rolls ditto ditto, 8 3 8 Inspection Returns, with back, 4 16 8 Confidential Reports, 3 Sheets in each, 8 33 8 Quarterly Reports of Bazar, -12 5- 8 Alphabetical 1.ong Roll, 0-12 Present States,.. 0 7 -18 Discharge Certificates, 3- Leave Certificates, 1-8 Review Roll' of Children,.. 8 3-10 Disposition Returns,.. 0 7-12 Descriptive Roll of Payee, 4 Receipts fór tbe Treasury,. 4 8 Rofi of european Non-Commissioned Officers, 8 348 Casualty List of ditto, i.. 5- Letters to Collectors for Family. 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·Advertisements. FOR NATIVE INFANTRY. Casu CASH Rates RATEB 7 Doz, me 100. Rs. . . .t • . Review Rolls of Recruits,.. 0 7. Half Yearly Return of Arms, 8 3- Quarterly Return of ditto, 7 Nominal Roll of Men, -12 8 Registers of Regimental Courts Martial,.. 5 Invaliding Committee Rolls, containing 3 Sheets each, * 8 33 - (0) Family Remittance Drafts, 4 1-12 Ditto on Court of Directors, 8 3 8 Proceedings ola Committal for Pension,.. 70 Report of the Subaltern Officer of the Day, 0 8 Descriptive Roll for Sepoy's Petition at Lacknow, 3 As. per copy. Forms for applicatious of Lorra of Absence; by. G. O. of the 10th July 1849. Price, per Copy, 6 annas. * If additiobal sheets are required, the price will be increased proportionately. Casn CASA FOR THE BRIGADE MAJOR'S OFFICE. RATES RATES 70 D07. 100. . 0 0 .. 8 8 8 0 3 8 3-18 3 8 70 .. OOO OO 3 3- 8 8 . 0 11 .. 0 ) ] 1 8 8 0 . .. . ta . 0 8 .. .. 1- 0 3. 8 7- 70 07 . . Muster Rolls, Copy djtto,.. Pay Abstracts, Present States,.. Returns of General and Station Staff Officers, with Abstract of Public Cattle and detail of Orderlies and Guards,.. Acknowledgment of Dixion Orders, Return of Stuff Command and Non-Command. Oficers, List of Officers and Staff who have come to the Station, FOR SAPPERS, MINERS AND PIONEERS. Monthly Returns, Muster Rolls. Copy ditto,.. Pay Abstracts, Leave Certificates, Review Rolls of Children, Present States, . Working Pay Rolls, Ditto ditto Bill,.. FOR LIGHT CAVALRY. Monthly Returns, Muster Rolls, Centre Sheets to ditto, Copy of Muster Rolls, Centre Sheets to ditto, Pay Abstracts, FOR IRREGULAR' CAVALRY. Monthly Return.. Muster Rolls, Centre Sheets to ditto, Pay Abstracts, Discharge Certificates, Disposition Returns, Centre Sheets to Pay Abstracts, 2. 1 . 8 11-0 8 11 0 .. 1 DO 7 7- 8 11- . . 0- 1 1 .. .. 8 11- 8 DI 8 11 8 11- .. . . .)_12 7 9. . . ..

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