·First Edition 1935
Second Edition 1962
j
VID
TIYA
10311-7
40881
IBRARY

·+ kas PREFACE SISUPĀLAVADHA is one of the five popular Mahākāvyas in Sanskrit literature, the other four being Kalidasa's two poems Raghuvamsa and Kumārasambhava, Bharavi's Kirātārjuniya and Sri Harsha's Naishadha. A popular saying which gives a comparativo estimate of the literary merits. of the three poets-Dandin, Kālidāsa and Māgha runs as follows: 1997: 9 afrikai उपमा कालिदासस्य माघे सन्ति त्रयो गुणाः।। This saying which places Māgha even above Kālidāsa is of course prompted by an undue predilection for Māgha. But there is a substratum of truth underlying the same. How far the saying can be justified is left for the reader himself to find out. Another saying can be referred to which places Māgha above Bhāravi. It runs thus- तावद्रा भारवे ति यावन्मापस्य नोदयः। The light of Bhāravi shines so long as Māgha does. not come to the field. This, like the previous one, is an overgenerous romark in favour of Māgha. That Mágba has copied Bhāravi in several respects will be apparent to readers interested in. comparative criticism. We shall refer to a fow, ·SISUPÁLAVADLA his poem. examples in which Bhâravi has borved as a model for Māgha. Bhāravi beging his poem with the word थियः, Su doos Mágba. Bharavi employs the word in the closing 'stanza of every sarga in So does Mágha use the word viti. The First canto in both the poems is composed in the वंशस्य Imetre. In the Second Canto in both the poems, political science is discussed in detail, in the speech of Bhimasena in the one, and in the speech of Uddhava in tho other. The arrival of Vyasa at tho rosidence of Yudhishthira in the Dvaita Vana is closely imitated by Mágha in the arrival of Nārada at Kșshņa's residence and in the ensuing conversation. Corresponding to the description of the Himalaya mountain in Bhāravi, there is the description of the Raivata ka mountain in Māgha. Similarly, there is a description of Jalakrīdā in the 8th canto of both the poems; similarly, of the ovoning and of the moonrise in the 9th Canto in both. Likewise there are descriptions of drunken revelry, love-sports and tho liko. Having had Bhāravi for his model, Māgha has no doubt improved upon him & good deal. Just as Māgha is stated to "bavo euperseded Bhāravi, the same saying goes on to declare that Măgha was superseded by Naishadba. उदिते नैपधे काव्ये कमायःकच भारविः। Of course it is patent that this saying does not seriously mean anything, - ·PREPACE V The peculiar features of Māgha are the to- -conditeness of his style, the abundance of grammatical peculiarities and the richness of his vocabulery. By & study of Māgba tbo reader is bound to get into intimate touch with the intricacies of grammar and a mastery over difficult words. A word once employed is as far as possible avoided a second time, and if need be, its syrionym alone will be used. Consequently there is a popular saying नवसर्गगते माघे नवशब्दो न विद्यते। When the reader reaches the ninth earga of Māgha there will bo no new word for him. A few illustrations from the first canto given herounder, will make it clear. To denote fire the following words are used:- हविर्मुक्, जातवेदस्, अनि and तनूनपात् in verses 2, 20, 54 and 62 respectively. Similarly, to deboto tho Sun, the following words are used : fu, पता, निदाघधामन् सहसमानु, रवि, तपन, सद्दघरश्मि and अहस्कर in verses 2, 12, 24, 27, 38, 42, 53, and 58 respect. ively. The words used to denote a cloud are rn, घन, तरिवान् and अम्युर in verses 4, 7 12 and 19 respectively. To denoto the Moon, the following words are used:7, FCE, Tara, Jura, Farar and in verses 5, 16, 20, 21, 25 and 59 respectively. To denote Lord Śri Kţshna, the post has used os many different epithets as possiblo on difforont occasiong:-, oh, ya, taya, fa, farina +

·PREFAOE
and also
श्रुतिसमधिकमुच्च पञ्चमं पीडयन्त
सततमुपमहीन भिभकीकृत्य पट्जम् ।
प्रणिजगदुरकाकुधावकस्निग्धकण्ठा
परिणतिमिति रार्मागधा माधवाय र
Canto.XI-1.
With regard to the date of Mägha, it may be
observed that Anandavardhana, the author of
Dhvanyaloka, who is known to havo lived in
Kashmir in the latter half of the 9th century
cates the following two blokas from Magha
प्रासाकुल परिपतन्परितो निकेता पुमिन कैश्चिदपि धन्विभिर वधि ।
तस्थौ तथापि न मृग क्वचिदानानामार्णपूर्णनयनेपुदवेक्षणी ॥
Canto V-26
and
रम्या इति प्राप्तवती पताश रार्ग विविका इति वर्धयन्ती ।
यस्यामसेवन्त नमवलीका राम वधूमिमीयुवान ॥
Canto III 53
"That he can be taken back even a century earlier 18
establishod by the following citations from Magha
in the Kavyalan kara Sutra Vrtti of Vāmana who
lived in the 8th century AD
कुयेन नागेन्द्रमिवेन्द्रवाहन (18) गिरेस्तटिवानिव तावदुचकर्जवेन
पीठादुदतिष्ठदच्युत' (I 12) सित सितिना सुतरी मुनेर्वपुर्विसारिमि
सोधमिवाथ लम्भयन् । द्विजावलिब्याजनिशाकरांशुमि गुचिस्मिता पाच
मवोचदच्युत ॥ (I 25) मुसेन त्रिलोचन (I 71)
On the strength of these data the probability 16
that Māgha flourished in the latter half of the 7tb

·viii SIBUPĀLAVADHA century A.D. The references to Māgha in 'Bhoja. Prabandha of Ballála Pandita and Prabandhan Chintamaniof Jaipamperutungāchārya may be brushed asido as mere fiction. With regard to the heredity of Māgha, Prabhāvakacharita of Prabhāchandra throws some light. Māgha wasa_native of Guzerat and an inhabitant of a city thoroin named Srimāla. King Varmalāta.WOR- & vruler, there, and his minister was Suprabha. Suprabhu had two gong, Datta and Subhankara. Datta's son was Māgha, and Subhankara's son was Siddha. Thoso dotaíla aro confirmod by Mügba bimself in the last five blokas of Siêupālavadha in which ho gives a brief outline of tho history of his family. C. SANKARA RAMA SASTRI. Mylapore, Madras. 1st July 1935.

·॥श्रौः। महाकविश्रीमाषप्रणीतः ॥ शिशुपालवधः ॥ प्रथमः सर्गः। श्रियः पतिः श्रीमति शासितुं जग- जगन्निवासो वसुदेवसद्मनि । वसन् ददवितरन्तमम्बरा- द्धिरण्यगर्माङ्गभुवं मुनि हरिः ।। १ ।। 1. Hari, the lord of Lakshmi and the abode of the Universe, living in the glorious house of Vasudeva for restoriog order in the world, saw the sage (Narada), son of Hiranyagarbha descending from the sky. शिशुपालस्य वधः शिशुपालवध: The slaying of Sisupala. The title of the Kavya is शिशुपालवध: masculine and not Rug Deuter as given in other editions of the book. That the title is masculine in gender is bome out by the last stanzs of the 19th barga which is couched in चक्रवन्ध, a wheel-like shape into which ·BIŚUPĀLAVADAA M " " " " " tho diagram containing the letters of the etanza can be arranged. The stanza runs thus:- सत्त्वं मानविशिष्ठमाजिरभसादालय भव्या पुरो लब्धाधक्षयशुद्धिरुद्धरतरत्रीवत्सभूमिसुदा । मुक्त्वा काममपास्तभीः परमृगव्याधः स नादं हरे- रेकॉधेः समकालमभ्रमुदयी रोपैस्तदा तस्तरे ।। At the relevant places in the diagram occur tho following lotters in order: 1st foot letter 6-शि 1st foot letter 14-ल 2nd 2nd 14-व 3rd 6-पा 3rd 14--घ Vide the diagram printed in the N. S. P.edition of the book between pages 472 and 473 in the 19th Sarga. It is therefore clear that the post himself has given the title in the masculine gender by identifying the contents with the book. वाच्यवाचकयो- (मेदोपचारात्. Accordingly the commentator Mallinātha in sommonting on the last verse of this Kavya interprots the passage therein-काव्यं ध्यधत शिशुपालवधाभिधानम् 39 शिशुपालवध इत्यमिधानं यस्य तत्तथा. Perhaps we may also attempt to justify the Deuter gender in a strained way thus:-शिशुपालस्य वधः 'शशुपालवधः, तमधिकृत्य कृतमिदं काव्यं शिशुपालवधम्. The suffix अण् 10,tho, meaning of the composition relating to' is aid down by Panini's sutra- अधिकृत्य कृते मन्ये and drops ·S FIRST OANTO by the Vārtiks-लुयाख्यायिकाभ्यः प्रत्ययस्य बहुलम्. The neuter Gender comes in by the rule-लुपि युक्तवपक्किवचने. To justify this derivation the word fort in the said Vārtika has to be construed in the broad sense of any literary work and not in the narrow sense of prosowork. Otherwise the form will be 14. Sanskrit writers gonerally begin their works with a Mangala. Maigala is of three kinds :-31lt, नमस्किया and घस्तुनिर्देश. आशीस् is the invocation of the deity to confer blessings on the roader, poot or spoctator, and this is ordinarily resorted to at the beginning of dramag. The first bloka of Sakuntala ofe:... is a typical creuple of this kind of Maagala. The second kind of Mangala, viz. ftar lios in paying homage to the deity nearest at heart to the poet. The oponing verse of Raghuvanſa is an cxamplo of the samo maths... TATT, the third kind of Mangala, consists in a mero referonce to somo sublime objuct. The oft.quoted oxamplo of this last kind of Mangala is to be found in thu first vorso of Kumārasambhava-Haghal.... Horo tho sublimo Himavân who is almost on 8 par with gods is toferred to. Applying this test, it may bo. vasily seen that in tho first rereo of Māghs now under consideration, we have foan, inasmuch as thero is a rofcrence to the momontous moeting of Närada . with Kęshna which serves as the root-, cause of tho destruction of Śisupäls which is the ·SIGUPÄLAVADHA ultimate goal in the work. Furthor there'is also the use of the auspicious word : at the beginning. The object of Mangala at'the beginning is supposed to bo a happy completion of the work taken on band without impediments. श्रियः पतिः. Prose order. श्रियः पतिः जगनिवासः जगत शासित श्रीमति वसुदेवसद्मनि पसन हरिः अम्बरात् भवतरन्तं हिरण्यगर्भागभुवं मुनि ददर्श । हरिः मुनि ददर्श. Hari saw the sage. हरिः here of course means Vishnu or Krshna. The word! हरि has several meanings. Vide Amara:न्यमानिलेन्द्र- चन्द्रार्कविष्णुसिंहाशुवाजिषु । शुकशहिकपिमेकेषु हरि! कपिले निपु ॥. मुनि. is derived from the root मन्. मननान्मुनिरुच्यते. ददर्श Perfect 3rd person singular of or to see. Conjugate :- ददर्श ददृशतुः ददृशुः, ददर्शिय-ददष्ठ ददृशथुः ददृश, ददर्श ददृशिव ददृशिम.. The first adjective of Hari is fari qia: Lord of Lakshmi. He is naturally lord of Lakshmi, and particularly in Krshnavatāra he is the lord of Rukmini, and Rukmiņi is no other than Lakshmi. Vide Vishnupurana:-राघवत्वे भवेन्सीता रक्मिणी कृष्णजन्मनि. The next. adjectivo is जगनिवासः = जगतां निवासः the abode of all the worlds. The idea is that Vishnu holds tho ontiro universe in his belly. The same idea is more olaborately brought out later on in the verso युगान्तकाल (Canto I. Verse 23). अगत् Accusative singular. शासित Infinitive of purpose of art to rule. Tbe governance of the world is to bo offoctod by the punishment of the wicked and protection of the good. Vide Gits:-परित्राणाय साधूना विनाशाय च दुष्कृताम् । धर्मसंस्थापनार्थायः ·5 PIRBT CANTO #HATAY II. The purpose of the avatāra itself is that. aggati aftur og TAL masculine, present participial form of a to dwell. 6791 + 779 + 10 + 14. Present participles are formed by adding 3r to Parasmaipada roots and a to Atmanepada roots. Vide Pāṇini :-: ICT47974- -HTE ATATT. How is a&? धीमति Locative singular of श्रीमत्. श्रीः अस्य अस्तीति धीमत् glorious. Vide Paņini :-_Refinala 212. Note the Nominativo singular of it is uit: whereas that of it is only t. Which sage did Krshṇa see? faragter that perona. Hiranya is the golden eks of the Universe, and its Sarbha is Brahma, he having como out of it. ATT भवतीति अगभू: one born of limbs-the son. हिरण्यगर्भस्य भाभूः ते हिरण्यगर्भागभुवं. Narada is traditionally reputed as the son of Brahmā. Vide Bhāgavata :TXET STRAT पक्षोऽनुष्टात्स्वयंभुवः. How is Narada? भम्पराद From the sky. * Descending, accusative singular of Patt masculine, presont participle of with 27. After the 1st and 4th conjugational signs 3 and 4, the Present participial suffix el tako sam before all the terminations of the Nominative case and the singular and dual terminations of the Accusativo caso in tho masculine gender. Vide Pāṇini :-797f74a. When did Arshņa soe tho bago ? Tad at ono time, understood. In this verse Hari, the container of the wholo univergo is doscribed as contaiped in tho small house of Vasudova. Hence there is the figura ·+6 ŚISUPĀLAVADEA . of speech known as auto which occurs where the contents are bigger than the container. Definition:- आपाराधेययोरानुरूप्याभावोऽधिको मतः. There is also the figure of speech known as atra inasmuch as there is contradiction in the roceptacle of the whole world living in a portion of it. गतं तिरधीनमनूरुसारथे। प्रसिद्धमूर्घज्वलनं हविर्भुजः । पतत्यधो धाम विसारि सर्वतः किमतदित्याकुल मीक्षितं जना ॥२॥ 2. The march of the Sun is crosswise. The upward blaze of the fire is well-known. But this lustre extending on all sides falls downward. What is this ? --Thus did the people bohold in dismay. गतं तिरधीन, In this Sloka tho poot doscribes the wonder of the people on seeing the sage descending from the skies. अविद्यमानी सरू यस्य सः मनमः Arung is called 35€, becaucso ho has no thighs. अनुरूः सारथिः यस्य भनूसारथिः the Bun, because Aruna is his charioteer. तस्य भनूस्सारथैः. गतं is the abstract nova form of the root formed by tho application of Panini:-नपुंसके भाव क.. When the suffix व(क) is added to Anit roots ending in a or #, the final zor drops. Panini:-अनुदात्तोपदे- वनतितनोत्यादीनामनुनासिक्लोपो झलि विहति. Examples. मन् मत, हत,नम् नत, यम् यत, रम् रत. Abstract nouns formed .

·FIRST CANTO. 7 by the addition of the suflix always tako to outer gendor. गते-गले means gait. तिर्यगेर तिरबीनं - Mama+*+. Nouns onding in tho root er tako FT optionally in ing, if they do not donote a frigor quarter. Vide Pāṇini:--firmitfef77919. Examples : straitä, natteft, an arsitat, azaff arafaît. fareita has tho samo mooning as faut crosswise. The Sun's gait is across tho sky, i.o. from east to west of your sta ESTE PER Santia fac means tho sacrificial materials like Samit, choo, charu and grain which are offored in the firo. Fire is callod ait, because it consumes Havis. Test of Flaming upward. The fire's gait is always upward. As contrasted with the gait of tho Sun and the fire, the lustro which is now witnessed by the people spreads in all directions and descends from the sky. V Lustre. O understood, before 1777. Note the difforent meanings of धाम given by Hemachandra :--धाम रस्मो गृहे देहे स्थाने 7410TION Vido Amara :--- ETTEI POTI, algafa kus. The Ablativo suffix it is sometimes used in the Locative significance. Vide Pāṇini :-- इतराभ्योऽपि दृश्यन्वे. विस शीलम् अस्येवि विसारि-वि-स+इन्. Tata Ta Pagift is actually cited in Siddhānta Kaumudi undor Panini : 29 MAESITTEDET. Iodeclinable meaniag dowa,' wara Present tense 3rd person singular of Tilst conjugation, Paras. maipada, a gap? What is this, a lustre which :

·8 ŠISUPĀLATADHA is neither the Sun nor tho fire when adverbial adjunct toक्षितं. fart is the Impersonal form of 12. Besides the active and passive voices-aft and fit prayogas, there is a third method of employing verbs, which goes by the name of ananas or Impersonal form. Transitive verbs or * can be used either in the Active or Passive voice. Intransitive verbg or 2774&ids can be used in the Active voico or in the Impersonal form. The root ET, to see, is ordinarily a transitive verb, but it is used intransitively in the ountext. Intransitive verbs comprehend roots which do not admit of an objoct or which dispenso with the object, it being so vory well-known, or in which an object is not intendod by the author. Vide the following Kāriki- धातोरान्तरे वृत्तेधात्वनोपसंग्रहात् । प्रसिदेरविवक्षातःकर्मगोऽकर्मि किया। In the contort tho object of er is not intended to bo convogod. Henco it is to bo treatod as an Intransitive root which admits of भावेश्योग. इक्षित thorofore mcans furort. It was soon. It is also possiblo to trent in 'roen' as the Past passivo participlo of the adjoctival to gf in the previous sloka. In this case both tho versos must bo troatod as a singlo sontenco, ind thoy will bo tormod collectively a 9. M, and * Teapoc!lvoly denoto trn, throo, 'our or more vores forming ono sentacne. Vida ·FIRST OANTO the following deinition-द्वाभ्या युग्ममिति प्रोत त्रिमिः श्लोवेदि. शेषकम् । स्लापर्क रतुभिः स्वातपूर्ण कुलकं मतम् ।. मनैः ईक्षितं People saw,' The door or gaf of the act denoted by a verb in the Imposodal form takos the Instrumental case as ia tha Passive voice. Here the Sun and Fire are उपमान, and tho sage उपमेय. Since the 5999 is described to bave additional qualities as compared to the Upamāna, the figure of speech in this Verse is व्यतिरेक, Vide Kavyaprakasa:-उपमानाचदन्यस्य व्यतिरेकः स एव सः, Mallinatha states that Divakara in his commentary on Vịttaratnakara adds before this Verss tho following two feet:-द्विधा कृतात्मा किमयं दिवाकरो विधूमरोचिः किमयं हुताशनः, and cites the whole as an example of a verse with six feet. चयस्त्विषामित्यवधारित्रं पुरा सतावरीरीति विभाषिताकतिम् । विभुर्विमक्तावयवं पुमानिति क्रमादमुं नारद इत्ययोधि सः ॥ ३ ॥ 3. Recognized at first as a heap of lustre, then as a sentient being with a body when tho form was espied, and then as a man on the limbs being distinguished, him did the Lord gradually identify 38 Narada. चयरिवपा...The gist is that the Lord concluded who it was. fay: : goo fast Genitive plural of

·10"
RESUPALAVADBA
fan feminine, meaning lustre. Vide Amara:-
ममारगुचिस्त्विमाभाश्छविर्युतिदीप्तयः. 74: Heap: x xviia
Ascertained, Past passive participle of the caueal of
with 27 adjectival to ug. At tho outsot the
Lord took him to be a heap of lustre. The next
stop in the discovery is referrod to in tho next pāds.
tra: then. ta: is formed by adding the Ablative
suffix ag to the pronoun an. Vide Pāņini:-99-211-
fees. The final of the pronoun drops beforo
av by the rule 4STITA.. a: in the context means
*wbon ho camo noarer.' fanfaar arizfa: 77 o farfan
sti. One whose form was grasped. अत एव शरीरी
Futufe. fini parti 7910 THT+** in the 74.
Vide Pāṇini :- Tarsil. Now he comes to be
known as an animate boing The next stop is.
montionod in the third foot. T: 27799:
Thoma One whose limbs are distinctly perceivod.
a 5 947 Arki. Now, the object comos to
be identified with a man. SATT Nominative singular
of g. 9 Accusative singular of 37€ nasculino.
Docline :--11 371 am. T 3TT. I Gradually.
* rofers to the soveral stages in discovory already
roforred to. HIC a Nr. Know him as Närada.
Tbo sayoral stages in discovery aro described to
bave beon gone through by the Lord, trosting him
as an ordinary person. Of courgo tho Lord knows
everything from the beginning. Since the accu.
wativo significance is conroyed by ra, 17 takos tho.

·। FIRST CANTO Nominative cage. Vide Mallinatha--नारदस्य वर्मत्वेऽपि निपातशब्देनामिहितत्यान द्वितीया. अयोधि Aorist 3rd person singular of qy 4th conjugation, Atmanopada, ita.. alternative form being अबुद्ध, Conjugato- अनुद्ध-अबोधि अभुत्साताम् अभुत्सत, असुद्धाः अभुत्सायाम् अमुद्धम, अभुत्सि अमुन्स्यहि SUERTE. Tho fattaren in the 3rd porson singular ís due to दीपजनबुधरितायिप्यायिभ्योऽन्यतर स्याम् and the dropping of त to चिणो लुक् This root बुध् 4th conjugation Atmavepada. Anit is different from 94 Ist conjugation Parasmaipada Sot This and the succeeding seven verses form ono Kulaka in which all the said seven verbesdescribe the sago and consequently are adjectival to in this vorse. नवानधोऽधो वृहतः पयोधरान् समूढकपरपरागपाण्डुरम् । क्षणं क्षणोत्क्षिप्तगजेन्द्रकृचिना स्फुटोपमं भूतिसितेन शम्भुना ।। ४ ।। 4. Who, appoaring whito like tho dust of camphor heaped up just lower down huge frosh clouds, boro for a while the clear likeness of Sirs, white with gacred ash, with the lordly elophant's skin worn above on gay occasions (dances). नयानयोऽधा. मधान Fresh i.e. water-beariog. adjectival to पयोधरान. नवान् is used to convey the oxcocding blackness of clouds. पद: Big, Accusative plural, also adjectival to परोपरान् + Declino :- ·112 SIBUPĀLAVADHA . • वृहन् बृहन्तो बृहन्तः, बृहन्तं बृहन्तो वृहतः, धरन्तीति घराः, पयसा धराः पयोधरा:. धर is formed by adding पचायच. The word should not be derived as पयो धरन्तीति. In that caso कर्मण्यम् will apply, and the form will be पयोधार. Vido • Siddhāntakaumudi undor कर्मप्यण-क्थं तईि गजाधरभूधरादयः, कर्मणः शेषत्वविवक्षायो भविष्यन्ति. The reduplication of उपरि, अधि or अधस् has the effect of making a noun governed by them take the Accusative case. Vide Vārtika: उभसर्वतमीः कार्या पिगुमर्यादिषु त्रिषु। द्वितीयामेडितान्तेषु ततोऽन्यत्रापि दृश्यते । The Indeclinables उपरि, अथि and अधस् got "Teduplicate when in addition to the respective senses denoted by them tho idea of proximity is intendod to be conveyed. Vido Panini :-उपर्यध्यधराः सामीप्ये. Hence पयोपरान् अधोऽध: means 'below the clouds and very near them.' समडः कर्पूरस्य परागः, स इस पाण्डरः ते समूढकपरपरागपाण्डुरं. समुद्र is the Past passive participle of बट् with to beap. Vide Visva:--समूढः पुजिरो भुग्ने. अत एव, consequently, understood. क्षण At that moment, accusative of time according to Panini:-बालाघ्दनोरत्यन्तमयोगे, क्षणेषु उरिक्षप्ता गजेन्द्रस्य कृत्तिः येन तेन क्षत्क्षिप्तगजेन्द्रसिना adjectival to शम्भुना. क्षण in tho context means a festive occasion, and it refors in particular to tho dance (Tāņdava) of Siva. Its other meanings are 'a minute and leisure.' Vide Amera:-निर्यापारास्थिती कालविशेषोत्सवयो क्षगः, afcatat Worn on the uppor portion of Siva's body. It is traditionally believod that Siva wears a tiger's skin for his ·FIRST CANTO lower cloth and an elephant's skin for his upper cloth, the latter being the skin of Gajamukbasura slain by bim in battle and word as #trophy. Hence Siva 18 called ERAT and in 04. तः तेन भूतिसिनेम. Siva's body is white, being besmoared with gacred ashos a means ET the contoxt, its other meaning boing 097. Vado. Amara-la soft. 7991. रफुटा उपमा यस्य से 2. Sinoo 3941 denotes likeness, the noud, governed by it is. sing takde the Instrumontal caso, Vido Pūnin -haplaarzt तृतीया च. Words convoyang Bimilarity govorn the nouns in the Instrumental or Gontive caso, but not the words ] and 3941 When those two words are used, tho novns Govorned by thom take tho genitive coso alone the context the word 20*128 usod Honco how to got ovor tho exception? The answor 19 that are comes by the rulo Freitsana, treating u as undorstood. This is bow the objection is mot in Praudhamonorom Thoro 19 also another answer that can bo suggestod Tho prohibition of th for nouns Sovorned by 19 and TT 18 restricted to nouns donoting the Upamoys os. दुला उपमा या इस नास्ति In tho contort he is Upamans, and hence tho qat is pormissiblo. This 19 box tho suthor of tho Blūgliorgūklıya bila justifica tho lostramental CBB. Núrada's body is wbito liko Sera's, Whoo bo bomo down the cloud., bis lower portion fe.

·16 SISUPĀLAYADHA afarangu TT विडम्बयन्त शितिवाससस्तनुम् ॥ ६ ॥ 6. Why, wearing a girdle made of the yellow Muñja grass, himself hoing white in colour, and wearing a deer's skin of the hue of collyrium, imitated the (white-coloured) body of Balarama. (lit the black-clothed) with the lower garment tied up by the golden girdle fagghî. Hero the poet compares Nārada'sbody to that of Balarāma. Nārada's body is white, en olen that a Da wears a black a wears a black . _being made of Munja grass. Likewiso the girdle of Balarūmais. yollon, being made of gold. 937 FIT: M A girdlo made of Muñja grass. The Mauñi girdle is proscribod for 3 Bratīmachūrin of tho Brahmin casto, similarly a bow-string for a Kbhattriya bachelor,and dag or cotton sirdlo for Vaisya, Vide Manut विगतरामा ज्या कार्या विस्य मेखला । क्षत्रियस्य तु मौवा ज्या वैश्यस्य TT 11 (Manu II-42 ). TH 315340 yua fa. fritsatsinge a Anzarazt, qualifying Nūrada. Als - 98 +211 + 17. urigt = st+94 +182. Vide Pāṇini :- cap. IT? ER: 44 jarent qualifying Nīrada. Hungfifa gła: 934 7 exagit adjectival to quitta वसाMerived एगर मजिने. from to ·FIRST CANTO 17 (वस आच्छादने) 2nd conjugation, Atmanopada in the prosent participle. अत एव understood. शिति वासः यस्य सः शितिवासाः Balarama. तस्य शितिवाससः. तनुं विडम्पयन्तं. Narada imitates the body of Balarama. How is Balarama's body ? मुवर्णस्य सूत्र मुवर्णसून, तेन भाकलितं अधराम्बरं यस्यारता सुवर्णस्याकलितापराम्परां. विडम्बयन्तं - विडम् + पिच् + शप्+Na+अम्. विडम्र is a धातु ending in e belonging to the चुरादि group. Vide Siddhanta Kaumudr:-यहुलमेतनिदर्शनम् ( ग, म, 208), अदन्तधातुनि- दर्शनमित्यर्थः । याहुलादन्येऽपि योध्या: । तद्यथा-पर्ण विष्क. एवं आन्दोलयति प्रेहोलयति विडम्बयति अवधीरयति इत्यादि. Tho wearing of the black antelope's skin is prescribed for a Brahmin bachelor. vido Manu-कार्णरोरवास्नानि नाग पाचारिणः (Manm II-41). विहङ्गराजाङ्गरु रिवायतै- हिरण्मयोरुहल्लितन्तुभिः । कृतोपवीतं हिमशुम्रपकै- धनं घनान्त तटितां गणैरिव ॥ ७ ॥ 7. Who, with Upavito made of tbo Gbrous tissues of the plants growing on golden mosdows, olongated liko tho wings of Garuda, himself boins whito liko snow, appoa red like a cloud high up (in the sky) in Butumn, sccompanied by a number of lightnings. यिमराजा. Tho sacred thrend of Narada is dealt with in this vorsa Närads with his boldog ·14 SISUPĀLAVADHA -- white, and the uppor portion being covered with • clouds appears black. Siva's upper •body is also •covered with the elephant's skin and hence appears black. Hence the analogy between Närada and Siva in dance. Siva's dance is a well-known tradition in Hindu theology. Tāņdava is a masculine danco associated with Siva. Lāsya is a fominine dance associated with Uma. दधानमम्मोरुहकेसरपुती- जटाः शरचन्द्रमरीचिरोचिषम् । विपाकपिङ्गास्तुहिनस्थलीरुहो धराधरेन्द्रं व्रतवीततीरिव ॥ ५॥ 5. Who, bearing a lot of matted hair, like in hue unto the lotus fibre, and himself possessing tho resplendency of the autumnal Moon's beams. appeared like the Himālaya mountain containing heaps of herbs, yellow due to ripeness, grown on its snowy slopos. दधानम्. Narada being white corresponds to the Himalayas. His matted hair being yellow corresponds to the ripe creepers on the Himalayas. मागवि रोहतीति अम्मोर Lotus. रह - रत् +4 Vide Panini:-- गुरघाधिरः कः. अम्मोहस्य केयरा- The filaments of lotus. । युनिः अम्भौर परयुतिः, अम्भोम्हवेगरनिरिय पुतिः यागा ताः भाभोरहकेगरपुतयः. Vido Virtika:-राप्तम्युपमानपूर्वपदस्योत्तरपद- पध. ताः भाभोरदकेसरघुती: adjectival to अटा. दयानं ·with his yellow matted hair is compared to a cloud 15. FIRST CANTO . घरन्तीति घरा:, धरायाः धराः धराधराः, वेषां इन्द्रः त धराधरेन्द्र Mountains are called me, because they hold the Himavân is the king of mountains. व (स्थितं). Compare this with the first verse in the 3rd cinto of Kirätárjuniya whore tho sage Vyasa ततः परचन्द्रराभिरामनगरिमिः प्रागुनोगुबालम् । विभागमानीलच पितजंटास्तटिसननिमाम्युबाहम् ॥ of croopers. Earth tight. Present active participle of 4 to bear, 3rd cooju- Bation Atmanepada. But how is he himself ? शरदः चन्द्रा, तस्य मरीचिरिव रोचिः यस्य तं शरचन्द्रमरीचिरोचिपं. The rays of the autumnal Moon will be pure white, and the sage is also like wise. derived from the root चदि माहादे. अत एव understood. विपाकेन पिडाः विपाकपिलाः Yellow due to ripeness, adjectival to प्रततीततीः. तुहिनयुफा स्थली तुहिनस्थली, an instance of शाक्पार्थिवादि compound where the middle word drops o. g. शाकप्रियः पार्थिवः धावपार्थिवः. स्थली is a natural site, whereas स्थला is an "rtificial plot. vide Panini:-जानपद... . हन्तीति तुहिनस्थलीरह: Decline-स्ट रही रहा. ट् = रह + विप्. Chis also qualifies व्रततीतती:- प्रतवीना ततयः ताः Heaps Vido Amara:- वारी तु प्रततिलता. धान, is to bo imported from the first half of tho verse. तुहिनस्थल्यो with lightning in moonlight. पिशङ्गमौजीपुजमर्जुनच्छवि वसानमेणाजिनमानपनि ।

·18
ŚIŚUPĀLAVADHA
sacred thread is compared to an autumnal cloud with
lightning.. कृतं उपवीतं येन तं कृतोपवीत Of what is the
Upavīta made ? Jetta :=E+ Fe Vido Panini:
UTISIST: P. Rerugte Ac: farurat, arat Jadi FT:,
avat arbat doga: Buntitlagine. His pavīta
is mado of the fibre of creepers growing on golden
earth. It means that the Upavīta consists of deli.
cato wiros of gold. Or, letusar: TEET: 247,
f: By the threads of golden trees and plants.
How are the golden threads ? 648: Long. Like
what ? विहङ्गाना राजा विहाराजः, तस्य अरदैः विद्वराजा-
6716:54 Like wings of Garuda. By way of authority
for the employment of state to mean wings, vide
Amara:-गरपक्षच्छदाः प पतत्पर तनूएई. Garuda has a
golden body, and his wings are thereforo golden.
In view of the proverbial hugeness of Garuda's
body, it may be easily imagined that his wings are
very long. Howovor, tho referonco horo must bo to
Garuda who is the vehicle of Vishğu and not to
the other birds of his species. हिमवत् शुभ्रः तं हिमा
adjectival to Nūrada. 784 37: affat means
f. alat tür: (342i). Jof: Indeclinablo moaning
JŮ used adjectivally to the cloud. 57, had understood.
TUTTAT-a. Vide notos on in tho second
sloka. उपौत Past passivo participle of उप. प्ये (ध्येम्
सैर)+5. ध्ये boing यमादि takes मंत्रपारण bolore त
which is a fet Vide Pāṇini:-factariat Ate.

·FIRST OANTO 19 निसर्गचित्रोज्ज्वलसूक्ष्मपक्ष्मणा लसद्रिसच्छेदसिताङ्गसङ्गिना । चकासवं चारुचमूरुचणा कुथेन नागेन्द्रमिवेन्द्रवाहनम् ।। ८॥ 8 Who, with a beautiful antelopo's skin provided with the naturally multi-coloured, bright and fine hair, and coming into contact with his limbs which are as whito as the shiping pieces of lotus stalks, shono liko the king of olophants, the vehicle of Indra (Airavata) with his housings निसर्गचियोज्यल Hero Narada with his skin- Garmont 18 compared to Airavata with his housings. कुथेन युथ means housings generally comprisinga fivecoloured carpet Vido Amara -प्रपन्यास्तरपवर्ण परिस्तोम. इन्दवाहन नागन्दामा चशतं Nurada shines motho elophant of Indra इदम्य वाहन पाहनम् नागाना इन्द्रत motz horo means 2 Tho lord of olophants. This rofors to Airasata who is puro whito in colour. पनमत Decline--चामत् चामती कामत, चरागत etc चासत Is tho masculino present participial form of E71 (0:1) which boing a nfz Ti is an anti and consoquently provents नुमागा in Vide Pamul --पक्षि यादम पर and नाभ्यपारा Through what does Narada ebno thuso सात बारा । पपपगा Through tho beautiful skin of an antelope गणा corresponda Ilow is tba black deer's sunt finit font युपा दूयो ·20 SISUPĀLAVADHA उज्मलानि सूक्ष्माणि पक्ष्माणि यस्य तेन निसर्गचित्रोज्ज्वलसूक्ष्मपक्ष्मणा: It abounds in shining tender hair which is of different colours by nature. Furthor how is it? विसस्य छेदः विसच्छेदः, लसवासी विसच्छेदश्य, रा इद गितं, तादृशं अने, तस्मिन् (सङ्गः अस्यास्तीति) सनी तस्मिन् लसद्विसच्छेदसितासहिना- It is in contact with the body of Nāradawhich is white like a cut piece of lotus-stalk. 1916i Generally #, #, orç has the effect of cerebralising an immediately following in the same word. This 79 takes place also when they are intercepted by a vowel, or 4,21,, or any consonant of the guttural or labial class or as many of these as the case may bo, provided the whole is included in a single word. In a compound ending in 4167 also, the penultimate 2 is changed to or if there is or q in the previous component word of tho compound, provided there is interception only by the letters abovementionod, and such previous. word denotes an object that is taken and carried. Vide Panini:-वाहनमाहितात् and its vrtti-आरोप्य यदुमठे ठराविस्थानिमित्तात्परस्य वाहननकारस्य णत्वं स्यात् । इवाहणम् । आहितात मिम्। इन्दवाहनम्। इन्द्रखामिकं वाहनमित्यर्थः । वहतेयुटि वृद्धिरिहैव स्ने AFI1-Siddhanta Kaumudi. Hence the absence of " in 744167 suggests that the comparison is only with Indra's elephant, and not with Airāvata with Indra on his back.

·FIRST CANTO 21 अजस्रमास्फालितबल्लकीगुण- क्षतोज्ज्वलाङ्गुष्ठनखांशुभिनया। पुरा प्रवालैरिव पूरितार्धया विमान्तमाछस्फटिकाक्षमालया ॥९॥ 9. Who shone with a wreath of white crystal beads variegated by the glowing lustre of the nail of his thumb-glowing due to friction with the strings of his lute strung incessantly-which wreath soomed therefore filled with corals in its upper half. PUTETRTETTE. Hore Nārada is described with his wreath of crystal beads in hand. अच्छाःपटिका एव भक्षाः तेषा मालया सरस्फटिकाक्षमालया By the wreath of beads in the form of white crystal ba}ls. 377 rueans thoseeds •of a lottus-like plant. Ordinarily they arecatlod cाक्ष. Or, अक्षमाला may be taken as a wholo to mean जपमाला or a ring of beads used in japa. मच्छरपटिकानाम् अक्षमाला तया अस्फटिकाक्षमालया. विमान्तं Shining, Accusative singular, masculino of the present participial form of भाwith वि. How is the wreath of beads? मजan Indeclinable derived from the root जग् with नम् prolixod and r added. Vide Panini:-नमिपिरम्पसम्माहि- सदीपो र and its vrtti:-सिनन्यूक कियासातत्ये वर्तते। अगरी सततfizů: 1 app Incessantls, modifies the action denotod by भारतालिन. मक्या गुमाः वरीगुगाः, आरपालिकाः वरीगु, तेषा सवेन उम्मलः अनुरस्य नसः, तस्य अशुमिः निनया मारफालितवाल- दोगुगझोपलाअष्टनांगुभिप्रपा. Nārada constantly stringids his lute. The stringe thus beaten como, ·22 ŠIŠUPĀLAVADHA into contact with the pail of his thumb which thereby shines to advantage. The glowing lustre thus emanating from the nail spreads over the upper half of the string of boads. The beads in the upper half of the rosary though made of puro wbito crystal, become possessed of a red hue owing to the spread of the lustre of the nail. Hence the upper half seems to be made of corals. प्रकाले: पुर, पूरितम् अध यस्यास्तया पूरितार्धया इव (स्थितया) अक्षमालया विभान्तं. बहकी Lute. Vide Amara -वीगा तु वल्की, विपछी सा तु तन्द्रीमि साभि परिवादिनी. गुण in the context means a strang. Its Beveral meanings are-a bow-string, quality, tbree elements of सत्व, रज्स् and तमस्, valour and other virtues, six gunas, 112, Sandhı and others or ऐश्वर्य and others, rope, subordinate, cook; senses. enjoyment. Vido Amara -मीया द्रम्माभिते सत्वशीर्यस- ध्यादिके गुणा. and Kshiranimin:-रज्वप्रधाननदेन्द्रियमोगेप्यपि. मिन-भिद्+त. Vide Pannr -रदाम्पा निष्टातो न पूर्वस्य तु द. The suflix a immediately following roots onding in र or 18 changed to ने, and tho preceding P also becomes 1. अद् अप, सिद् शिष्त, छिद् रिन, तुद तुम, नुद् नुन and so on पुर: Indeclinable प्रशल hero means coral. It also means tooder sprout. अध neuter meansar exact balf. masculino means a part Vido Amara:-पुरूयोऽयं समें परित-१+१+st+n For tho different meanings of so, eco flemachandra. भयो भन्दके सटिमलेऽछऽमिपुरोऽययं रपटेक is specially Olicacioue of conferring Asults रपटिग मोक्षद, परम्.

·'FIRST OANTO रणन्द्रिराधनया नमस्वतः पृथग्विमिन्नश्रुतिमण्डलै स्वर। स्फुटीमवद्वामविशेषमूर्च्छना- मवेक्षमाणं महतीं मुहुर्मुहुः ॥१०॥ 10. Who was over and arou looking at his luto Malati which by means of Svaras ringing in tho blasts of wind and containing distinctly regulated groups of Śrutis exhibited clearly tho Mūrcchadas of the different grāmag. TOTFETTUETUT. This vorso gives expression to a pootic exaggeration taat te late of Nárado emits sweet notes evon without his offort. The idea is thāt tho build of the luto is so exquisite. The mero blast of tho wind was suficient to Eot tho luto into piny. nis e INAIT. Nīrada's luto is called मदनी, that of Rudra नालम्बी, thatai Sarasvati Foi, and that of Ganas 7794. रदस्य व नालम्बी महती नारदाय च। हरएपी तु सरला गणनाय मारली ।। Nārada looks at his own luto in astonishment, Leca vso it played without his stringing नमम्वता 792797 By tho Doisy contact of the wind. मरः Tho Svaras are ringing. Further, how are the Svarns? पृषद शिलियानि गुना मानिस 80yon ·24 SIŠUPĀLA VADHA तैः पृविमिनश्रुतिमण्डल:. Svaras are seven in number. VideAmare:- निषादर्षभगान्धारपट्जमध्यमधैवताः। पामश्चैत्यमी सप्त तन्द्रीष्ठोरियताः स्वराः। Each Svara consists of a number of Srutis which are practically the smallest units of sound or microtones. The seven Svaras in order contain 2,3,2,4,4,3 and 4 Brutis. चतुतुथतुश्चैव षड्जमध्यमपञ्चमाः। द्वे द्वे निषादगान्धारी निस्तिषगधैवता । स्वरैः. अस्फुटाः स्फुटाः सपद्यमाना भवन्त्यः स्फुटीभवन्त्यः, प्रामाणी विशेषाः मामविशेषाः, पुटीभवन्त्यः प्रामविशेषाणां मूर्च्छनाः यस्यां तो स्फुटीमवडामविशेषमूर्च्छनां. Gradua. means an association of Svaras just liko an association of tho mombers of a family. Gramas are of three kinds-पइज, मध्यम and गान्धार. यथा कुटुम्बिनः सर्वेऽप्येकीभूना भवन्ति हि। तथा स्वराणा संदोहो ग्राम इत्यभिधीयते ॥ पट्नमामो भवेदादी मप्यमग्राम एव च । गान्धारधाम इत्येतद्वामत्रयमुदाइत्तम् ।। नन्यावाऽय जीमतः मुभदो प्रामकास्त्रयः। पट्जमप्यमगान्धारास्त्रयाणां जन्महेतवः ।। All the three grāmas aro indicated here, and it is only appropriate bocauso Närads alone can bo expected to play the Gāndhāragrām, which is in vogue only in Davaloks It will therefore bo clear that, as among tho Śruti, Svara, Grama and Mūrccbhana, the lator ones are rospectively largor -- ·FIRST CANTO 25 than the earlier ones. Fat means the regular ascent and descent of seven Svaras in quick succossion i.e. आरोहावरोह. क्रमात्स्वराणा सप्तानामारोहश्वावरोहणम् । सा मून्छैन्युच्यते प्रामस्था एताः सप्त सप्त च ॥ प्रामत्रयेऽपि प्रत्येक सप्त सप्त मूछना इलेकविंशतिमूर्छना भवन्ति । Here ends the Kulaka. निवर्त्य सोऽनुग्रजतः कृतानती- नतीन्द्रियज्ञाननिधिनमासदः । समासदत्सादिवदेत्यसंपदा पदं महेन्दालयचारु चक्रिणः ॥ ११ ॥ 11. Having sent back the denizens of heaven that followed and bowed to him, ho, a storehouse of prophetic intuition, reached the abode of Vishğu, charming like the abode of Mahendra, -of Vishņu who had crushed the glory of demons. निवर्त्य सोऽनु. इन्दियं अतिकान्ताः अतीन्द्रिया: Objects which are beyond the gapses by reason of distance, time, subtlety or otherwise. This is an instance of गतिसमास. Vide Vartika:-अत्सादयः कान्ताय द्वितीयया. The word fixe neuter, at the end of faqat takes the samo gender as that of the noun it qualifies. opuf: being the implied noun qualifiod by atled, the compound takes the masculine gendor by the rule द्विगुप्रासापनालंपूर्वगतिसमासेषु परवलिनताप्रतिषेधो वाच्या अतीन्द्रियाणी ·26 ŠIŚUPALAVADHA शान, तस्य निधिः अतीन्द्रियज्ञाननिधि: A storehouse of the know: ledge of objects beyond the roach of senses. Narada. नभसि सौदन्तीति नमःसद: Denizens of heaven i.e- Devas. Age Indeclinable past participle of the causal of it with as having sent back, or preventing the Dovas from following him. How are the Devas ? कृता आनतिः यैस्तान् कृतानतीन Who bowed to him. अनुबजत Who wore following, Accusative plural of the Present participle of as with 373. 8741alla 77 One whohas discus for his weapon i.e. Krshna. तस्य चक्रिण:- पदं Abode. समापदत Reached, Aorist 3rd person Bingular of with hi and 31. In the Aorist 375 intervenes botweon the root and the termination sinco पढ़ is लदिन. Vide Panini:-पुपादिदातागुदितः परस्मैपदेपु. Nārada came to the hougo of Kệshna. How is Kshna ? सादिता दैन्याना संपत येन तस्य सादितदैत्यसंपद: He has crushod the glory of Asuras. How is Krshna's home? महेन्द्रस्य आलयः, स ३व चारु महेन्द्रालपचारु Accusative. It is charming like the home of Indra. पतत्पतङ्गप्रतिमस्तपोनिधिः पुरोऽस्य यावन्न भुवि व्यलीयत । गिरस्तटित्वानिव तावदुचकै- जवेन पीठादुदतिष्ठदच्युतः ॥ १२ ॥ 12. The sage liko a falling Sun had scarcely sot his foot on the ground in front of Hari when ·FIRST CANTO 27 the Lord hastily rose from his high seat like & cloud from a mountain पतत्पतङ्ग qat पनाथ पनत्यता, स प्रतिमा यस्य स- Vacatalar One who resembles a descending Sun. Vide Amara -पराही पक्षिसूर्यो च तपमा निधि, तपोनिधिः A storehouse of penance-the sage Narada Genitive singular of masculine It refers to Нагі 97 In front. यावन्न व्य ठीयत When he has not yot alighted व्यलीयत Imperfect 3rd person singular of ste (mat) with A, 4th conjugation, Ātmanepada 19a Indeclinable meaning by that time! अच्युत Hari. उच्चकै पीठात् From his high seat जवेन In haste उदतिष्ठत् Rose Krghna rose from his seat before the sage set his foot on the Earth Like what ? fi From a mountain तटि चान् इव Like a cloud तदिन अस्य स तीति तटिस्वान् - ताटत् + मतुप् by the rule तदस्यास्यास्मन्निति मनुप् The मकार in मतुप् changes to FIT by tho rule of Panini --21 तटित् does not becomes afer before F1, becauso afsi 1S 77 and not a by the rule तसौ मवर्थे aglaga The root 6T 18- Parasmaipada When it 18 prefixed with 3 and the sense ultimately got 18 not 'a rising up,' the roottakes Atmanepada In the context rising 18 intand. ed So the root does not fall within the operation of Panini maatsgaaf Hence it retains its Parasmaipada In this verse the sage 18 compared to a fallıog Sun, and such a thiag is unknown Hanco

·28
SISUPĀLAYADHA
Dandin and tho ancient Alankārikas declare that
-the figure of speech is par. But the later
rhetoricians hold that in such casos 5T is the
cfigure of speech.
अथ प्रयनोन्नमितानमत्फणे-
धृते कथंचित्फणिनी गणैरधा।
न्यधायिपाताममिदेवकीसुतं
सुतेन धातुश्चरणौ भुवस्तले ॥१३ ।।
13. Thon towards the son of Dovakī, the feet
were placed by the son of Brahman on the surfaco
- of the Earth borne with difficulty by tho multitudes
-of serpents undornoath whose bending hoods were
lifted up with a good deal of effort.
अथ प्रयतो. भय Indeclinable meaning afterwards
i.e. after Hari rose from his seat to receive Närada.
97g: gå7 By the sun of Brahmă io. Nārada. Tot
His both foot. 49: On tho surfaco of the Earth.
Entrar Passive voice, Aorist 3rd porson dual
of up with a 'were placed. Conjugato 44
autant quota otc. Rendered in tho Activo
voice, the principal clause will be 73: 973 Tuzz09.
In what direction wore the foot of Nārada placed ?
देवकीगुतम् भनि भभिदेवकीमुन Towards the son of Dovaki,
an example of a compound Vido Pāņini :-
सक्षणेनानियती मानिमुख्ये. How is the surfaco of tho

·FIRST CARTO 29 Earth on which Närada placod his fcot? mt Taart: (fift) 977 : a: Aquitation Tho hoods of sorponts aro hold straight up to. hold tho woight of tho $450, but thoy droop down owing to tho besvinces of tho bago. फगाः एपी nike afrai. Sorponts oro called so, becauso thoy havo 48 or hoods. 1706: By tho livsts of sorpoats. Tho tradition is that Ādibosla, tuo sorpantking holds tho Earth on his licad by his thousand ods. Perhaps other sorponts also assist him in the task paricularly when tho Earth is likoly to bo woightier by tbo advont of tho sage. 24: Lower down. bonoath tho Earth. ya Borne, adjectival to me. The ides of tho sorpent groaning under somo advonti. tious weight on tho Earth is also spokon of by Kálidāns in Kumārasambhavo.-aa) yaxaga: ponatus ufa muhuri: 1 ( 111-59). Since the poot oxasgorates. that tho hoods of sorpents bont down, the figuro. of speech in this vorao is अतिशयोक्ति तममादिकपादिपूपा सपर्यया साधु स पर्यपुजन । गृहानुपेतु प्रणयादभीप्सवो भवन्ति नापुण्यकता मनीषिणः ॥ १४ ॥ 14. He, the first and foremost man, heartily worsbipped him, tho worshippablo by means of ·-30 ŠIBUPĀLA VADHA Arghya and similar offerings of worship. Great men never desire to approach with fondness the houses of those who have not done meritorious acts. नमर्थ्य. आदिश्वासौ पूरुपय भादिपूरुष. The first man. सः Hari. अर्थम् अर्हतीति अयः तं भयं. Vide Panini:-दण्डा- दिभ्यो य: & Narada who deserves worship. अयि द्रव्यं अध्यण अर्थ+ यत्. Vide Panini:--पादार्घाभ्यां च. Vide Amara. - मूल्ये पूजाविधावः and पट तु निष्वयमध. अर्य आदि यस्याः तया भादिकया. The कायय at the end is due to the Bahuvrihi compound. Vide Panini:- शेषाद्विभाषा. सपर्यया By worship beginning with Arghya. साधु adverbial adjunct. पर्यपुजत् Worshipped, Aorist 3rd person singular of पूज् with परि, 10th conjugation. सः+पर्यपुजत् - स पर्यपूपुजत्. सः and एपः drop their final visarga in Sandhi before any letter except short Vide Panini :-एनत्तदोः मुलोपोऽमोरनम्समासे हलि. Tho idea in the first half is substantiated by a genoral statement in the 2nd half of the verse. मनसः ईपिणः मनीषिणः Good men. Note thoSandhi of मनमः+ईया - मनीरा. Vido Vārtika:-शम्भ्वादिशु परम्पं वाच्यं तच टे. पुण्यं पुन्तिीति पुग्यतः-पुण्य+2+वि. Vide Panini:- मुकर्मपापमन्त्रपुष्पे पृना. पुण्यस्तो न भवन्तीति अपुण्यकृत: Thoso who havo not dono meritorious acts. Quat waai. गदान्. Vide Amara:--गृहाः पुंनि च भूरयर, प्रायान् टप Infinitive of purpose of with उप. The परम्प in अप+एवं hich is likoly to apply by fo TY is prohibited for अ.

·FIRST OANTO 31 the root s by एत्येपत्यूठ. अभि आप्तुं इच्छच ममीप्स: desi- -derative of आप् न भवन्ति. Good men do not desire to approach the homes of persons who have no merit or virtue Hence the arrival of great men is a rare thing and must be welcomed by all with -enthusiasm Hence Hari's enthusiasm in receiving Narada The figure of speech is अर्थान्तरन्यास. न यावदेतावुदपश्यस्थिती जनस्तुपाराअनपर्वताविच । स्वहस्तदत्ते मुनिमासने मुनि- चिरंतनस्तावदमिन्यवीविशत् ॥ १५ ॥ 15. No sooner did the people witness them both 21907 liko the snow oled and collyrium clad mountains than did the ancient sage (tho Lord) seat the sage (Närada) facing himself on a soat given by his own hand न यायदेता Prose order--यावत् न तुषारामनपर्वनाविव (स्थिती) एतौ उत्थिती नोदपश्यन् तावन् चिरतन मुनि मुनि स्वहस्तदत्ते भागने अमिन्यवीविशत् gai Accusative refers to Nārada and Krshna तुषारच अञ्जन च, तयो पर्वतो तुपाराथनपर्वतौ इव Narada 1s liko tho Himálaya boing whito, and Krshna like a mountain of collyrium being black zal derived from उद् स्था+ क (कर्तरि) Intransitivo vorbs gonerally take the suffix in the active significance Vido Panam -गलार्ममारपशायारावसजनरहनार्यतिभ्यय, ·SIBUPÁLAVADHA स्था becomes स्थि before फ. Vide Pāņini : -fata. तिमारथामिति किति. The initial स् of स्था after उद् drops by the rule of Panini:-उदः स्थास्तम्भ्वोः पूर्वस्य. उदपश्यत् Imperfect 3rd person singular of दृश् with उद्. हर takes the substitute पश्य in all conjugational tenses. Before the people saw them both risen. तावत् By that time. रिं भवः चिरंतनः. तन is added to. साय, चिर etc. in the sense of भव etc. Vide Panini:- सायं चिरं प्राहेगेऽव्ययेभ्यष्टयुटयुली तुट् च. मुनिः The ancient sage i.e. Hari, because in his avatar as Narayana in days of old he performed penance in the Badarikasrama. At that time Arjuna also was doing penance as the sage Nara there. gf refors to Narada. तस्य हस्तः, तेन दतं तस्मिन् स्वहस्तदत्ते. आसने In a seat offered with his own hand. भभिन्यचीविशद Seated him facing himself. Aorist 3rd person singular of causal of fast with fr and a to sit. facing another. महामहानीलशिलारुचः पुरो निषेदिवान्कंसकपः स विष्टरे । श्रितोदयाद्रेरमिसायमुच्चकै- रचूचुरचन्द्रमसोऽमिरामताम् ॥ १६ ॥ 16. Sitting on the bigh pedestal in front of the slayor of Kamsa, whose splendour resembled that of a big emerald slab, he stole the charm of the Moon figuring at nightfall on the mountain of rise.

·FIRST CANTO 33 स्मृता. विष्टर = वि तृ+ अम्. महामहानील. महानील 19 the superior emerald of Ceylon Agastya says.-सिंहलस्थाकरोद्भूता महानीलास्तु वे महानीलस्य शिला महानीलशिला, महती च सा महानीलशिला च महामदानीलशिला HET when followod by a noun qualified by it in & Karmadhāraya or Bahuvrıbı compound becomes महा. Vide Paninm-आन्महत समा- नाधिकरणजातीययो तस्या रुगिव रुक् यस्य तस्य महामहानीलशिलारुचः Krebna resembles a big superior emerald slab in lustre कर्षतीति कूट = कृष् + विप्, कमस्य कृट कसकर The slayer of Karmsa तस्य कसकृष पुर: In front of Krshna उचकै adjectival to act on an elevated seat Vide Panini ~मादोरप. The ma 1s due to Panini वृक्षासनयोर्विष्टर In other meanings, the form will beविस्तर निपेदिवान Nominative singular of निपेदिवस masculine, Perfect participlo of me with A to sit, adjectival to a Narada. Vide Panini -भापायां सदवसथुर नि सद्+वमु Decline like द्विस् bralisation of tho initial letter in # after f is due to Panini -सदिरप्रते साय अभिमुख अभिसाय face to face with the ovening', an example of affetata compound. The evening is referred to, because it will be dark like Krshna उदयस्य अद्रि, उदयाद्रि, श्रित उदयादि येन तस्य श्रितोदयादे, चन्द्रमस Of the Moon who has resorted to the mountain of rise. Tradition has it that there is a mountain in the extreme east named 394fif to mark the rise of the Sun and the Moon, and similarly a mountain on the extreme west named Erint to mark the sunset and the moonset. भमिरामस्स भान: The cere- ·34 SISUPĀLA VADHA भभिरामता - अभिराम+तल्, तो भभिरामवाम् . Vide Panini:- तस्य भावस्वतलौ त्वान्तं ली, तलन्तं स्त्रियाम्. अचूचुरत् Aorist 3rd person singular of चुर् + मिन् (स्वार्थे). Roots of the 10th conjugation take 7 in Aurist. Since the sago is said to capture the lustro of the Moon, the figure of speech is निदर्शना. विधाय तस्यापचिति प्रसेदुपः प्रकाममप्रीयत यज्वनां प्रियः । ग्रहीतुमान्पिरिचर्यया मुहु- महानुभावा हि नितान्तमर्थिनः ॥ १७ ॥ 17. After doing worship to him who was thereby pleased, tho friend of sacrificers became mightily pleased. For, great mon are particularly eager ever and anon to rocoive venerable persons with cordiality. विधाय तस्या. यज्वना Genitive plural of यज्वन्न यज्+वनिप्. Vide Panini-गुपजोइनिप्. Vide Amara:- यग्वा तु विधिनेष्टवान्. प्रियः One who is the dear friend of sacrificers-Ilari, because all sacrifices aro cal. culated to please him alone. प्रसेटुपः Genitive singular of प्रसेदिवस् masculine= प्र-सद् + वसु. Vido Panini:-मापाया सदवसभ्रवः, तस्य To Narada who was pleased. अपचितिं Worship. Vide Amars:-पूजा नमस्याऽपचितिः fasty Indeclinable past participle of धा with वि, to do. Indeclinable past participles are formed by adding cat (FT) to simple roots, ·FIRST CANTO 35 Verse. and य (ल्यप्) to roots profixed with Upasargas, Vide Panini:-समासेऽनपूर्वे क्त्वो ल्यपू. On doing worship tor Narada. भकामं Migbtily, adverb. भनीयत Was pleased, Imperfect 3rd person singular Active voice of A to be pleased, 4th conjugation Atmanepada. Hari's delight on worshipping Närada is justified by a general statement sot out in the second half of the महान् अनुभावः येषां ते महानुभावाः, The आत्व at the end of महत् has been already explained. आर्यान् Venerable persons. परिचर्यया By the offer of worship. अहीतुं = प्रत्+तुमुन्. Infinitive of purpose of ग्रह. Tho GT after becomes long except in in the Perfect tense. Vide Panini: -प्रहोऽलिटि दीर्घः, नितान्तम् . अभीक्षण अर्थयन्त इति अर्थिनः -- अर्थ+ णिनि. Vide Panini:-बहुलमामीक्ष्ण्ये. Or अर्थनम् अर्थः. पवाद्यच. अर्थः एपामस्तीति अर्थिनः. The latter derivation is favoured by Mallinātba on the Principle द्वृत्तेस्तद्धितवृत्तिवलीयसी. अशेपतीर्थोपहृताः कमण्डलो. निधाय पाणावृपिणाभ्युदीरिताः। अघौघविघ्नसविधौ पटीयसी- नंतेन मी हरिग्रहीदपा ।। १८ ।। 18. Hari roceived on his bont head, the water collected from all the holy waters and sprinkled by the sage after pouring the same on his hand from his Kamandalu which is highly competent to destroy the multitudes of sins.

·'36 ŠISUPĀLAYADHA अशेषताथों. Narada has in his Kamandala water collected from all sacred rivers. He pours it on bis hand and sprinkles it on the head of Hari. हरिः नतेन, मूर्भा अपः अपहीत Hari received the water on his head. bent low. सप: Accusative of अप् feminine which ier always plural. Vide Amara:-आपः स्त्री भन्नि बाारि.. an Aorist 3rd person singular of, to receive, 9th conjugation, Parasmaipada. How is the water?' भशेषेभ्यः तीर्थेभ्यः उपद्दताः मशेषतीपहृताः For the different meanings of तीर्थ, vide Amara:-निपानागमयो- स्तीर्थमृपिजुष्टे जले गुरौ. It has also the following additional meanings जलावतरणमार्गे सत्रिणि अघरे पुण्यक्षेत्र पारेऽपि. The. water in the Kamandalu is collected from all holy rivers and places like the Ganges, Prabhāga, Setu and. कमण्डलो: Ablative singular of मण्डलु. कमण्डल is a pitchor usually carried by ascetice which has semi-circular handle and a spout. ont f7274. The ablative in Kamandalu presupposes an additional verb like उदृत्य understood. ऋपिगा अभ्युदीरिता.. The water is poured from the Kamandalu into his hand. and then sprinkled. Further अघानामोघाः, तेषां विध्वंस:, तस्प विधिः तस्मिन् अघौघविध्वंसविधौ. अतिशयेन पटवः (पदमः) पटी- यस्यः ताः पटीयसी:. पटु Positive, पटौयस् comparative, पटिष्ठ superlative. The waters are specially efficacious in destroying the multitudes of sing. स काश्चने यत्र मुनेरनुज्ञपा नवाम्बुदश्यामवपु विक्षद। 80 on.

·FIRST CANTO 37 जिगाय जम्यूजनितश्रियः श्रियं सुमेरुमृङ्गस्य तदा तदासनम् ।। १९ ।। 19. The golden seat where He with his body dark like the fresh cloud sat with the sage's permigcsion, then vanquished the beauty of Sumeru's summit Whose splendour was brought into play by the (overhanging) Jambu fruits. सकाचने. Then Hari sits down with the permis •sion of the sage. अम्बु ददातीति अम्बुदः, नपश्चासौ भम्बुदाय नवाम्बुदः, नवाम्बुद इव श्यामं वपुः यस्य सः नवाम्बुदश्यामवपु: One whose body is black like a fresh cloud, adjectival to स: which refers to Hari. मुनेः अनुज्ञया With the sago's permission. काश्चनस्य विकारः वाचन-वाचन+सार (विकारे). तस्मिन् काशने Made of gold. या (आसने) न्यविक्षत The ssat on which He sat. न्यविक्षत Aorist of विश् with 'नि. The Parasmaipada root विश् (6th conjugation) takes Ātmanepada terminations when prefixed with नि. Vide Panini:-नेर्दिशः. तत् भासनं तदा When Hari sat on it. जम्वा जनिता श्रीः यस्य तत् जम्बूजनितथि तस्य जम्यूजनितश्रियः, its alternative form being जम्बूजनितश्रिण.. Words of the neuter gender ending in are generally declined like air and hence take the 4114 before terminations beginning with a vowel. But whoro such words are भाषितपुरक ie. when the base is applicable to the Masculino gender in the same senso. they take the TATH optionally. Vide Pānini:- ·638 ŠIBUPĀLAVADHA तृतीयादिषु भाषितपुंस्क पुंवद्रालवस्य. सुमेरोः भूमं तस्य सुमेरुशृङ्गस्य. Vide Amara:-कूटोऽस्त्री शिखरं शृतं. श्रियं जिगाय Perfect 3rd person singular of A. We have to conceive of Ex Jambu tred abounding in fruits at the top of Sumeru. Supieru is a golden mountain, Jambu fruits are black. Hence the colour of such a peak will be golden mingled with the black. So also the golder throne with Krshna seated thereon. Hence the latter is described to vanquish the beauty of such & peak. The alliteration in श्रियः श्रियं and तदा तदासना gives rise to the verbal figure of speech अनुप्रास. स तप्तकार्तस्वरभास्वराम्बर कठोरताराधिपलाञ्छनच्छविः । विदिधुते बाडवजातवेदसा शिखामिराश्लिए इवाम्मसां निधिः ॥ २०॥ 20. He with his garment glittering like molten gold and a hue like that of the black spot in the full Moon, shone like the Ocean embraced by the flames of the submarine fire. स तप्तकार्तस्वर. Hero Hari with his yellow garment is pared to the Ocean surrounded by the flames of the pubmarine fire. कृतस्वर Amine of gold. तत्र भवं कार्तस्वरं Gold. स कार्तस्वर, तद्वत भास्वरं अम्यरं यस्य सः तप्तकात- खरमारवराम्बरा पीताम्बर इत्यर्थः, ताराणाम् मधिपः वाराधिप: The ·FIRST CAXTO 39 lord of stars-the Moon. कटोरथासौ ताराधिपथ कठोरताराधिपः The Full Moon, तस्य लाञ्छन, तस्य विरिव छवि यस्य स को- रताराधिपलान्छनच्चवि. The spot in the Full Moon will be very dark. Hari 18 of that bue स Hari. पडवाया अय बाडव Born of the horse-face स चासो जातवेदाय पाडशातवेदा तस्य पाइमनातवेदस शिखामि By the flames of the submarino fire मालिट अम्भसा निधिरिव, विदिधुते Porfect 3rd person singular of g with A to shine. Ātmanopada स्थाङ्गपाणे: पटलेन रोचिषा- मृपित्त्विषा संचलिता विरेजिरे । चलत्पलाशान्तरगोचरास्तरी- स्तुपारमूर्तेरिव नक्तमशवः ।। २१ ॥ 21 Tho halo of the sage mixod up with the dense lustre of Krehna shone like the Moon's rays at pight intercepted by the shaking leaves of a tree na रथाङ्गपाणे रथा पाणी यस्य स रथागपाणि रथाmeans चक tho weaponof Vishnu Henco रथाङ्गपाणि means Krsh- तस्य रथाङ्गपाणे ,रोचिपा Genitive plural of रोचिस् lustre पटलेन By the heap सवलिता Mixed up ऋषे विष ऋषि- fa7 The lustrous rays of the sage विरोजिरे Perfect 3rd person plural of its with to shine, Ubhayapadı, 1st conjugation Conjugate-Ātmanepada Perfect- and so on with alternative fortas ·801 ŠIŠUPĀLAVADEA throughout. The change of the penultimate an into g and tho dropping of the reduplicatod syllable are the peculiar characteristics of the following sevon root :--पण राज् भ्रा भ्राश् लाश स्यम् खन् . Vido Panini:-फणां च सप्तानाम् . Like what did they shine! न Indeclinable meaning at night.: तरो:. चलन्ति पलाशानि, तेषाम् अन्तराणि गोचरः येषां ते चलत्पलाशान्तरगोचरा:- पलाश means leaf. तुधारा मूर्तिर्यस्य तस्य सुपारमूर्त:, अंशवः Rays of the Moon. For a parallel, vide the following description of the confiuonoo of the Ganges and the Jumna in the 13th canto of Raghuvansa:-वचित्प्रभा चान्द्रमसी तमोभिश्छायाविलीनः शरलीकृतेव. प्रफुल्लतापिञ्छनिमैरभीषुमिः शुमैश्च सप्तच्छदपांसुपाण्डुमिः। परस्परेण च्छुरितामलच्छवी तदैकवर्णाविय तो बभूवतुः ॥ २२ ॥ 22. Possessed of spotless hues mutually blended up by auspicious lustrous rays of the one resembling full-blown Tamāla flowers and of the other, whito like the pollen of Saptaparna flowers, both of thom became possessed as if of one and the same colour at that time. प्रफुल्ल. Kxshna was black, and he resembled the Tamāla flower in hue. Nárada was white and resembled the pollen of Saptaparņa flowers. When ·FIRST CANTO both of them sat facing each other, the lustre of both became blended into one, and both of them seemed to posness one and the same colour. asi At that timo 3 Krehna and Närada एक वर्ष ययोस्तो एकवणों इव As if possessed of one hue Porfoct 3rd person dual of 7 The reason for such an appearance is furnished by the adjective gfara. grar *** 3 a gitaraes With their spotless hues blended How blended? परस्पर With each other By what means? अमीषुभि By "Tayo How are they? Auspicious 1 a destruct. ive of 6108 Further how are they? wraza. 1953 19 derived from ma by the addition of पचाय The Past participle of foot face with will be only going, for, not comes as an Ādesa for titat only when there is no Upasarga Vide Panımı margasira प्रफुछ तापिञ्छ, तेन सहरी अफुखतापिम्यानमै an example of नियसमास or a compound of which a dissolution can be had only by way of अखपदविग्रह A denoting similar to * comes only at the end of a compound Vido Amara REMETT निभसकाशनीशप्रतीकाशोपमादय ॥ By this, Krshna's lustre has been described How the rays of the sage 8 lustre ? पासव 27 rugrat qugvegia asa denoting tree is masculine As denoting flower, it is neuter.

·SISUPÁLAVADHA Similarly सप्तच्छद ( tree) is masculine, and (flower) ig neuter. The figure of speech in this verse is उत्प्रेक्षा. युगान्तकालप्रतिसंहृतात्मनो जगन्ति यस्यां सविकाशमासत । तनो मनस्तन्न न कैटमद्विष- स्तपोधनाभ्यागमसंभवा मुदः ॥ २३ ॥ 23. Tho joy of the foo of Kaițabba due to the arrival of the sage did not contain within that body of his wherein the worlds had remainod with spacious accommodation when He had drawn within himself the Jivas at the time of deluge, युगान्त. युगस्य अन्तः, तस्य कालः, तस्मिन् (आत्मनि) प्रतिसंहृताः मात्मानः (जीवाः) येन तस्य युगान्तकालप्रतिसंहतात्मनः, कैटभस्य द्विट् तरय कैटमद्विषः तत्र तनौ. तपः धनं यस्य रा. तपोधनः तस्य आगमः, तेन संभवाः (संभवन्तीति पवायच्) तपोधनाम्यागमसंभवाः मुदः. Decline-मुए मुदौ मुदः. The plural is due to the variety of joy felt by Kệshna at the arrival of the sage. न ममुः Perfect 3rd person plural of मा to contain, 2nd conjugation, Intransitive. Present tengo a. This is different from to measuro of the 3rd and 4th conjugations which belongs to Atma- Depada. The transitive use of 7 Parasmaipada in उदरं परिमाति मुष्टिना (Naishadha) is due to the Upasarga.

·FIRST CANTO 43 How was the body of Hars before ? यस्या तनी जगम्ति विकाशैन सद यतन्ते यस्मिन् वर्मणि तत्तथा सविकाशं भासत Imperfect 3rd person plural of 3 to remain At the Deluge, Vishnu alone remains, and all the Jivas are merged in Lim. Vide Raghuvamsa :- अमु युगान्तोचितयोगनिद्र संहृत्य लोकान् पुरुषोऽधिशेते. At that time all the fourteen worlds were contained in the body of Hari, whereas the joy now felt at the advent of the Bage was too big to te contained The figure of speech is andersifat निदाघधामानमिवाधिदीधिति मुदा विकास मुनिमम्युपेयुपी । विलोचने विभ्रदधिश्रितश्रिणी स पुण्डरीकाक्ष इति स्फुटोऽमवत् ॥ २४ ॥ 24. Possessed of eyes which gloamed with yoy towards the sage omitting bright rays like the Sun and which consequently shone with beauty, Ho became obviously the lotus oyed निदाय निदाघ थाम यस्य तं निदायधामानं. निदाप Hot पाम Rays. निदायधाम One possessed of hot rays 18. the Sun Vide Vira.-निदायो मौष्मकाले स्यादुष्णस्वेदाम्युनोर- पि Vide Amara -तेजी धाम महो विमा and गृहदेहत्वित्प्रभा वा घामानि. तमिद. अघि (अधि) दौथितय यस्य त मधिदीधिति Possessed of enormous refulgenco go on account ·STSUPALAVADHA "of tha sage. अमि being a कर्मप्रवचनीय by the rule अमि- रमागे, its juxtaposition causes the accusative in मुनि by the Sutra कर्मप्रवचनीययुक्ते द्वितीया. मुदा Instrumental singular. विकारी उपेयुपी Becoming wide open. सपेयुषी Accusative dual. Decline Nominative and Accusative-उपेयिवत् उपेयुषी उपेयिवासि. अत एव अधिधिता श्रीः याभ्यावे तथोके सधिधितनिणी. विलोचने बिभ्रत् Possessed of pair of eyes. विभ्रत् Present active participle, masculine of 1 to bear, 3rd conjugation, Parasmaipada. Present articiple शतृ does not tako नुमागम aftor the roots of the 3rd conjugation. Vido Panini :-नाभ्यस्ताच्छतुः. स: Hari. पुण्डरीके इव अक्षिणी यस्य स: पुण्डरीकाक्षः, इति रपुटोऽभवत् अक्षि donoting the eyo is changed to 8784 at the end of a Bahuvrīhi compound. Vide Panini:-महुप्रीही सक्थ्यक्ष्योः खाजात्पम्. One whose eyes resemblo lotuses. This is a name of Vishnu. That name has become literally true. Lotus has farra and it. Similarly the eyes of Kțshņa. "The figure of speech is काव्यलिङ्ग aided by उपमा. - सितं सितिम्ना सुतरां मनेर्वपु- बिसारिमिा सौषमिवाथ लम्मयन् । द्विजावलिव्याजनिशाकरांशुमिः शुचिस्मितां वाचमवोचदच्युतः ॥२५॥ 25. Kxshna spoke the following words with a sweet smile, still further whitoning the white body ·FIRST CANTO of the sage like a terrace by means of the spreading ray's of the Moon under the gurse of His row of teeth सित सितिमा अय After both of them took their Beats अध्युत Han अमीश विसरन्तीति विमारिण में विसा- रिभि - विस+ णिनि+मिम् Vide Pananm ~बहुलमामीण्ये दि जायन्त इति द्विजा Tooth Vide Amara~-दतविप्राण्ड जा द्विजा तेपो आवलि Row Vide Amara -वीय्यालिरापलि.. पति सेव व्याज यस्य स द्विजावलिव्याज Who appears ander the pretext of a row of teeth स चासी निशाकरच, तस्य मशव ते द्विजाचलिब्याजनिशाकराशुभि By means of the. rays of the Moon shining undor tho protext of his TOW of teeth सित मुनेवपु Accusative सौवामिष, सुतरा- सु+तर+आम् Tndeclinable Vide Panini -विमतिडव्य यधादाम्बद्रव्यप्रक पितस्य भाव सितिमा तन मिनिम्ना रम्भयन् Present Participle of the causal of 4 लभते, त प्रयोजयति अच्युत सितिम्रा वपु लम्भयति In the subject of Intransitive roots and roots denoting गति, युद्धि, प्रत्यवसान, and शब्दकम, nouns which denote the subject when there is no causal, take the Accusativo in the causal usage The root does not merely mean reaching or of, but reaching and spreading over. Hence it 18 not go in the context So the अयोग्य का-वितिमा does not take the Accusative, but only Instrumental शुचि स्मित यस्यां तो शुचिस्मिता चाच, मदोचत् Aorist of In all non-conjugational tences y takese the subetatute बच्. Vide Panian ~~यो मचि- and a नम्... सितिमा वपु ·46. SIBUPĀLAVADHA Here the sage's body is likened to a terrace, hence there is उपमा. Whiteness is described as being -added to the sage's body by the lustre of teeth. Hence afacralfor. The row of teeth is concealed by the poet under the pretext of the Moon. Hence अपहृति. So there is & combination of all the said three अलंकार. हरत्यघं संप्रति हेतुरेष्यतः शुभस्य पूर्वाचरितः कृतं शुभैः । शरीरमाजां भवदीयदर्शनं व्यनक्ति कालत्रितयेऽपि योग्यताम् ॥ २६ ॥ 26. The sight of you betrays the worthiness auf beings in all the three times-it removes sins in the present, it is the cause of the future prosperity, and it is brought about by meritorious deeds done in the past. - हरत्यघं. भवतः इदं भवदीयं-भवत् + छ. Vide Panini वृद्धाच्छ.. भवदीयं दर्शनं भवदीयदर्शनं. शरीरं भजन्तीति शरीरभाजः- शरीर+भज्+वि. Vide Panini:-भज्ञो विः. तेषां शरीरभाजा For men. त्रयः अवयवाः अस्य समुदायस्य वितयं. Vide Panini:--- सख्याया अवयवे तयप्. कालाना वितयं तस्मिन् कालत्रितये. अपि In all the three times-past, present and future. योग्यस्य भावः योग्यता तो योग्यताम् . व्यनक्ति Present tense 3rd person singular of अञ् wit वि, 7th conjugation, Parasmaipada. How ? संप्रति At the present time ·47 FIRST CANTO ie when men see you अप हरति भवदीयदर्शन subject in this and the next two simple sentences एष्यतः Genitive singular of एष्यत् Future participle of इ शुभस्य हेतु This refers to the future पूर्वगाचरितैः पूर्वाचरित शुभै कृत Thus refers to the past Hence the sight of you is desired by all जगत्यपर्याप्तसहस्रभानुना न यभियन्तु सममावि मानुना। प्रसहा तेजोमिरसख्यतां गते रदस्त्वया नुनमनुत्तमं तमः ॥ २७॥ 27 This hugest darkness (ignorance ) in the world which was not possible to be quelled by the Sun with his unlimited thousands of rays has been cleared by you forcibly with your innumerable rays जगत्यपर्याप्त अद This तम Darkness or ignorance स्वया प्रसव By you by force or all at once नुन्न Dispelled Past passive participle of 3 By what means ? तेनोमि By your lust ous rays How are they? न विद्यते संख्या या देश भाव तो मसरयता गत They are innumerable What kind of darkness? यत् जगति अपर्याप्ता सहन मानव यस्य तेन अपर्याप्तसहस्रभानुना The use of the word अपर्याप्त 18 happy It means both boundless and incompetent भानु here means a ray भानुना By the Sun Amara.-भानु फरो मरीचि स्नायुसयादीधिति पुमान् and भानुईसः Vido ·48 $I$UPĀLAVADHA सहस्रांशुस्तपनः सविता रविः. नियन्तुं न सममावि Impersonal Aorist 3rd person singular of with to be able to. The thousand rays of the Sun are insufficient to dispel the internal darkness. Their power extends only to the outer darkness. Hence the darkness. which is now dispelled by the sight of the sagen is अनुत्तमं न विद्यते उसम यस्मात् Than which there is nor greater (darkness). Since the sage excels the Sure which is the Upamana, the figure of speech is व्यतिरेक.. g कृतः प्रजाक्षेमकृता प्रजासृजा सुपात्रनिक्षपनिराकुलात्मना । सदोपयोगेऽपि गुरुस्त्वमक्षयो निधिः श्रुतीनां धनसंपदामिव ॥ २८॥ 28. You have been made a huge inexhaustibles mine of scripturos as of troasuros--inexhaustibles Tespite constant use-by the Creator with a view to the weal of the people and with an easy concience by reason of entrustment to proper custody.. कृतः प्रजा. सृजतीति सा, प्रजाना मुद् प्रजासत् तेन प्रजा- सूजा. श्रुतीनां निधिः कृतः You have been made a repository of Vedas by the Creator. The motive of the Creator in doing so is brought out by the adjective प्रजाक्षेमता प्रजाना क्षेमं करोति इति रोन Who brings about ther welfare of the people. Men attain happiness, ·FIRST CANTO 49 temporal and spiritual, through scriptures. Honce Brahmā onjoys peace of mind when the Vedic lore 'is transmitted to Narada, सुपात्रे निक्षेपः, तेन निराकुल: मात्मा यस्य तेन सुपाग्रनिक्षेपनिराकुलारमना, What sort of Nidhi was he made? सदा उपयोगेऽपि अक्षयः, It is nover exhausted by being handed down to any number of pupils Further, गुरु: Big, re-pectable, or a guru or teacher. He is a storehouse of Vedic lore. Like what? Like & storehouse of riches धनसंपदा निधिरिव. How is the latter ? सदोपयोगेऽपि अक्षयः गुरुः. It is a big mine that can nover be exhauste1 however much it may be takon out. By whom is the storehouss of riches kept ? प्रजाक्षेमकृता प्रज्ञासजा By a progenitor with a view to the upkeep of his children. How is he further ? सुपात्रनिक्षेपनिराकुलात्मना. Since the wealth is kopt in proper deposit, he is not perturbod in mind. विलोकनेनैव तवामुना मुने कृतः कृतार्योऽसि निहितांहसा । तथापि शुभपुरहं गरीयसी- मिरोऽथवा श्रेयसि केन तृप्यते ॥ २९॥ मा 29. By this very sight of yours, Osage, which diepels sins, I have becomo one wbose ambition has been realised. However, I am desirous of hearing your dignifiod words. Of course who is content with the affluence got?

·50 ŠIŠUPĀLAVADAA ठी. विलोकनेनैव. है मुने. निवहिनं अहः येन तेन निषहितासा. तव अमुना विलोकनेनैव, कृतः अर्थः यस्य सः कृतार्थः कृतोऽस्मि । तथापि अई, अतिशयेन गुर्वीः गरीयसी:. T to bo imported from the first half. गिरः, श्रोतुमिच्छुः शुश्रूषुः (अस्मि). अथवा Indeclinable meaning in the context It is well-known.' श्रेयसि In the matter of prosperity. केन तृप्यते Impersonal form of क: तृप्यति-who is content. गुरु positive, गरीयस् comparative, गरिष्ठ superlative. गुरु+ईयसुन्+ Vide Panini:-द्विवचनविभज्योपपदे तरवीमसुनौ and गितच. For change of गुर to गर् before the comparativo suffix, see Panini:-प्रियस्थिरस्फिरोरबहुलगुरुवृद्धतृप्रदीर्घ- घृन्दारकाणां प्ररथस्फवर्वहिगर्वत्रिन्द्राधिन्दाः. By way of parallel for this and the next śloka, vide the following verge of Kirātārjuniya addressed by Yudhishthira to tho Bago Vyasa. निरास्पदं प्रश्नकुतूहूलित्वमस्मास्वधीनं किमु निःस्पृहाणाम् । तथापि कल्याणकरी गिरं ते मा श्रोतुमिच्छा मुखरीकरोति ।। गतस्पृहोऽप्यागमनप्रयोजनं' वदेति वक्तुं व्यवसीयते यया । तनोति नस्तामुदितात्मगौरवो गुरुस्तवैवागम एष धृष्टताम् ।। ३०॥ 30. This esteemod advent of yours which raisos my estimation, contributes to our boldness whereby I attempt to ask of you- "Fres from desires as you aro, tell me the objost of your arrival.

·rua- LIBRARY 51 FIRST CANTO गतस्पृहोऽप्या. गता स्पृहा यस्य सः. गतस्पूछा. अपि (त्वं) आगमनप्रयोजनं वद इति वक्तुं यया (तया) व्यवसीयते Impersonal form in the Present tense 3rd person singular of with fa and 877. उदितम् आत्मनो गौरवं येन सः उदिताामगौरवः. गुरुः तप एपः आगम एव नः धृष्टता तनोति. Although you have no desires, your advent must have an objoct. Hence the propriety of my query. - इति वन्तं तमुवाच स व्रती न वाच्यमित्थं पुरुषोचम त्वया । त्वमेव साक्षात्करणीय इत्यता किमस्ति कार्य गुरु योगिनामपि ॥३१॥ ] 31. To Him who thus spoke, the hermit said, "You, Supreme person, you ought not to speak like this. Is thero & greater duty even for Yogins than that you yourself ought to be_witnessed ? इति पन्तं. इति "Thus' referring to his speech •contained in verses 26 to 30 घुवन Accusative singular of the Prosent participial form of (Parasmaipada). तं Hari. सः प्रती (प्रतमस्यास्तीवि) That eago. उवाच Perfect 3rd person singular of पू. said. हे पुरपेषु उत्तम पुरुषोत्तम This cannot be dissolvod पुणागामुत्तम since a compound in prohibited between g word onding in frittat and a succooding word. Vido Panini:--न निर्धारणे खया इयं न वाध्य (फ योग्य) 38 ·52 SIBUPĀLAVADHA You must not say like this, for your sight is itself the greatest object one can have. योगिनामपि त्वमेक साक्षात्करणीयः इत्यतः (अन्यत् understood) गुरु कार्य किमस्ति, उदीर्णरागप्रतिरोधकं जन- रमीक्ष्णमक्षुण्णतयातिदुर्गमम् । उपेयुपो मोक्षपथं मनस्विनः-- स्त्वमग्रभूमिनिरपायसंश्रया ॥ ३२ ॥ 32. For a bravo man going along the road of salvation wbich is subject to obstruction from the powerful love of pleasures and extremely difficult to pass through on account of its being quito an untrodden ground for men, you aro the ultimato 3 goal whose security is everlasting. उदीर्णराग (हे पुरुषोत्तम) मोक्ष एव पन्याः मोक्षपथः. पथिन् at the end of B compound becomes पथ. Vide Págini:-ऋक्यूरन्धू पयामानक्षे. तं मोक्षार्थ. उपेयुप: Genitive singular of share masculine of the Perfect participial form of {with 34 specially formed by tho rule of Panini:-उपेयिवाननाश्वाननचानध. प्रशतं मनः अस्यास्तीति मनस्वी मनस्+विनि. Vido Panini:--अस्मायामे- पासनो बिनिः. तस्य मनस्विनः त्वं, अप्रै च सा भूमिथ भमभूमिः. Tho goal to be reached. Vido Visva :-अममातम्यने प्राप्ये. Becoming one with god is the only Balvation oxpounded by scriptures. How is the road of 17

·FIRST OANTO
53
उरीण राग एव प्रतिरोधकः यस्मिन् तं दीर्णरागप्रविरांपकं. राय
or attachment to worldly pleasures acts tho role of
shighway robber in that road. नदीर्ण = उत्+र+त.
Hence It is also जनै अमीक्ष्ण अक्षुण्णतया अतिदुर्गम. शुष्ण
शुद्+7. दुरोन गन्तु शक्य. दुर्गम. Vide Panini:-ईपासूप
pocytterlig ut. It is extremely difficult to pass
through by reason of its being an untrodden ground.
Of courso 1$ is only one wa a million that will
be able to walk along this path. Vide Upanishad:-
कधिनीर- प्रत्यगारमानभान. What sort of अप्रभूमि Is Haril
निरपायः संश्रयः यस्सा मा निरपायसंश्रया A roachine of which
is free from the danger of slipping. Once a man
attains salvation, ho novor agalo comes back to
suffer the miseries of Samsara. So eays the
Bcripture-ग पुनरावर्तते
This vereo Buggosts to
tho roador's mind the picture of a bravo traveller
ulong an untroddon road in tho Woods full of
robbors, who roachos safoly big destination which
as froo from dangere
उदासितारं निगृहीतमानस
गृहीतमध्यात्मा कपचन ।
पहिर्विकारं प्रकृतेः पृपग्विदुः
पुरातनं त्या पुरुष पुराविदः ।। ३३ ।।
33. Tho score of old recognizo you utho
Primitiro Pornon-dotached, visualisod

·54 SISUPĀLAVADHA difficulty by tho motaphysical eye by persone who have controlled their minds, immutable and separate from Matter. उदासितार. पुरा (पूर्वकालं) विदन्तीति पुरविदा. Soors of old, Kapila and others. त्वां, पुरा भयं पुरातन. Vide Panini:-सायंचिरंप्रापगेऽव्ययेभ्यष्टपुटयुलो तुस् च. पुरुषं As the- Primitive person. विदुः, Present tense, 3rd person plural of fate to know, 2nd conjugation, Parasmai. pada. Conjugate:-वेत्ति वित्तः विदन्ति, वेत्सि वित्यः वित्थ, afu faa: fan. Throughout there are also alternative formis as follows:-वेद विदतुः विदुः, वेथ विदथुः विद, वेद विद्व विन. Vide Panini:-विदो लटोचा. What sort of person do thoy understand you to bo? उदासितारं Accusative singular of the Active participle of आस् with उद् formed by the addition of 79. The Purusha stands aloof and indifferent when usia or matter operates You are merely a witness. Vide Upanishad:-साक्षी चेता केवलो निर्गुगच. Further, how are you? मन एव मानस - मन+अग्. Vido Panini:-प्रज्ञादिभ्यध. निगृहीतं मानर्म यस्तैः निगृहीतमानसैः By those who have controlled their minds-Yogins. आत्मनि (अधि) इति अध्यात्मम् Avyayibhava in the locative significance, अधि+आत्मन् +देच्. An Avyayibhava ending in अन् takes टच i.c., its final - drops. Vido Panini:-अनच. अध्यात्म च साक् च तया अध्यारमशा By the eyo directed inward. कवचन. Indeclinable meaning with difficulty.. The visualisation of God is no easy matter. Tek .

·55 FIRST CANTÓ Past passive participle of 9. Furthor bow is God? विकारेभ्यो बहिः यहिर्विकारं Beyond the palo of Vikāras or changes. This is also an aparte compound laid down by Panini :- अपपरिवहिरञ्चकः पञ्चम्या. Furthor he is. प्रकृतेः पृथक् separate from प्रकृति or matter. vide Sankhya Karika-मूलप्रकृतिरविकृतिर्महदाद्याः प्रकृतिविकृतयः सप्त । षोडशकस्तु विकारो न प्रकृतिन विकृतिः पुरुषः । मूलप्रकृति is primordial matter. Its modifications are 7 Vikrtis and 16. Vikāras. But Purusha is distinct from matter and its modifications. मग निवेशयामासिथ हेलयोद्धृतं फणाभृतां छादनमेकमोकसः। जगत्त्रयैकस्यपतिस्त्वमुच्चकै रहीश्वरस्तम्भशिरस्सु भूतलम् ॥ ३४ ॥ 1965 gos 34. The sole architoct of the three worlds that you are, you placed on the tall pillar-like heads of the lord of serpents, tho Earth, lifted up with base - the Earth which is the one cover for the abode of serpents-(the Nether-world ). निवेशयामासिथ In the previous verse the Nirguņa character of God has been described. In the present vorse his Saguna character is described, which is of practical consequence for the purpose at hand. प्रयः अवयवाः अस्य समुदायस्येति प्रयं. Vido Panini:- ·56 ŚIKUPĀLA VADHA used स्तम्भा द्वित्रिभ्यां तयस्यायज्वा. जगतां त्रयं जगत्रय, तस्य एकः स्यपतिः जगखये- कस्यपतिः त्वं You, the sole architect of the three worlds. हेलया उद्धृतं भूतलं The Earth lifted up with ease. How is the Earth ? फणाः विभ्रवीति फणाभृतः रोषां फणामृतां, फोकस: Genitive singular of ओकर derived from the root उच् by the addition of the suffix असुन . एक छादर्न Tho one cover for the Pātāla, the abode of berpents. Tho lifting of tho Earth refers to the feat of Vishnu in the Varāhāvatara. निवेशयामासिथ 'You placed, Porfect 2nd person singular of विश् with नि. W boro did you place the Earth? सयक: Indeclinable adjectivally. अहीनाम् ईश्वरः अहीश्वरः Adisesha. इव शिरासि स्तम्भशिरासि, अहीवरस्य स्तम्भशिरासि तेषु भद्दीश्वर- FIFHITITET On the lofty pillar-like heads of Adlsesba. Tradition has it that Adibeslia, the lord of serpents, has a thousand hoods by means of which he boars the Earth. अनन्यगुर्वास्तव फेन केवला | पुगणमूमहिमावगम्यते । मनुष्यजन्मापि सुरासुरान्गुणै-, मपान्भवच्छेदकर करोत्ययः ।। ३५ ।। 35. By whom is understood tho full glory of your most ozalted ancient form Even in tho human form you vanquish the Davos and Asuras by your virtuos destructivo of tho worldly bondage. 3 ·57 FIRST CANTO मनन्यगुर्वास्तव. न विद्यते अन्या गुरुः यस्यास्तस्याः अनन्प- -गुर्वा: adjectival to मृर्तेः. ge: is also used in tho feminine like utt. Words denoting quality and -ending in 3 take eta optionally denote the feminine gender. Vide Pāņini:-alat 999971. 277:24- It has to be declined like a Apparently Mallinātha had beforo him the reading 24-hof:, and he seems to have corrected it. 34-jaf: is incorrect Is the feminine suffix otz to intorvene at the stage of Vigraha or after Samāsa ? If the Vigraha itself is a fata ari gaf seur:, then the form will be atragattar:; for, 9 is enjoinod after Bahuvrihi compounds ending in or E. qul being 70 by the rule , *541- ख्यो नदी, the Bahuvrihi will take कप by tho rule नद्यूतक्ष. If tho Vigraha centains To without enq, even then after the Samāsa etc will not come, because alat qura- FAT applies only when the word denoting quality is used in its own significance, and not as subservient to anything else. IL. Or, the absence •of क्प् is to be justified by the rule सज्ञापूर्वको विधिरनित्यः, ad being a um, the 73 which is dependent on it is not compulsory. All this discussion proceeds on the basis that the reading is Bougaaf:. Ty Your. giroft #Infos ain: gură: 49: hore used in the senso of 'entire.' Vide Viśva--o: KH * EINM414- SITET. महतो भावः REA - 65 + shaz which is enjoined optionally in the 94 after regulator in which TEL is included. Vide Panini:-पृथ्वादिभ्य ·58 ŠIŚUPALAVADHA FCHT 4717541. The final a drops by the rulo &i. A few other examples may be noted : -99 HT ACHT etc. Harga ? By whom is the majesty of your ancient form conceived ? For, even the glory of your human form is inconceivable. This reason is given in the second half of the verse. मनुष्यात् जन्म यस्य स मनुष्यजन्मा an instance of व्यधिकरणबहुव्रीहि which is permissible only in exceptional cases. In fact when a Bahuvrihi ends is front and the like words, it has nocossarily to bo za as observed by Vāmana—parit f agriafferCUT HYTITTE:. अपि Even though you are born as man. 1917. TEET, तं कुर्वन्तीति तैः भवच्छेदकरैः. gůr: By your qualities dostructive of Samsara. सुराध असुराध मुरासुराः A Dvandva compound of words denoting persons or animals who inherently hate each other will take the form of a समाहार i.e. tho compound will take the neuter gender and singular number. Vide Pāṇini :-h71 t facta: raai. Example:-अहिनकुल गोव्याघ्रं काकोलूक Applying the rule to the present caso, should we not expect gigi? No, because tho enmity between Devas and Asurag is nut permanent. They are seen to have been friends at the churning of the milky Ocean and on similar occasions. तान् मुरासुरान. art: olla. HETI though meaning "you' is nevertheless other than युष्मद् and अस्मद् . Hence the 3rd person in करोति by the rule शेषे प्रथम:- ·FIRST CANTO 59 from अनतर मिदो पुरचू लघूकरिष्यन्नतिमारमारा- ममूं किल त्वं त्रिदिवाददात।। उढलोकत्रितयेन सांप्रत गुरुधरित्री क्रियतेतरी त्वया ॥३६॥ 36 You descended from the heaven, so is the repute, for lightening this Earth which is groaning: under, tho heavy pressure of weight But now the Earth' is made much more heavy by the presence of) you who boar_the throa world, लघूकरिप्यन् वं, अतिशयित भार अतिभार, तेन भारी अतिभारभारा भर भञ्ज + घुरच Vide Panini-भञ्जभास- अमू (धरित्री) अलघु लघु उपयमानों करिष्यन् लघु करिष्यन् The suffix: Pez comes between 1 and in the meaning of अभूततद्भाव Vido Panini -- भ्वस्तियोगे सपद्यकर्तरि चि When fea follows, the preceding vowels 29 lengthened Vide Panana --च्ची च करिष्यन् Futurer participle of Vide Panini 571 With a view to lightening the burden of the Earth Rs Is it not? तृतीया द्यौ (क) विदिव -त्रि+दिव्+ क (घनर्थे कविधान) in the Vigrahavakya means y Vide Mallinātba - वृत्तिविषये सरट्याशब्दस्य पूरणार्थत्व विभागादिवत् तस्मात् त्रिदिवार From the Svargaloka Vide Amara -स्वरन्यय स्वर्गनाक दिदिवविदशालया पातर Imperfect 2nd person singularof with a to doscond सापत Indeclinable meaning at present उटू लोकानो नितयं येन तेन रदूढलोकत्रिनयन ·+160 SIRUPĀLAYADHA त्वया धरित्री गुरु:. The feminine नीम् is only optional. Vide Panini:-वोतो गुणवचनात् . गुरु means weighty or mentitlod to respect. अतिशयेन कियते कियतेतराम्. The तरप् and आमु are respectively laid down by तिहश्च and किमेसिव्ययघादाम्वदन्यप्रक्र्षे. With the object of lightening the weight, you have increased it. Hence the figure of speech is विरोधाभास. | निजौजसोज्जासयितुं जगद्रुहा. मुपाजिहीथा न महीतलं यदि । समाहितैरप्यनिरूपितस्ततः पदं दृशा स्याः कथमीश मादृशाम् ॥३७॥ 37. O Lord, had you not come upon the out the enemies of the world by your wown valour, how then would you become the object • of vision of people like mer-you who are unknowablo ovon for men in meditation ? निजीजसो. हे ईश, निज ओजः तेन निजीजसा. जगद्भयो द्रुपन्तीति जगदुहः = जगत् + दुह् + किम् according to Panini- सत्सद्विपगुह्युजविदमिदच्छिदजिनीराजामुपसर्गेऽपि विप्. तेषां जगद्गुहा. उनासयितुं Infinitive of purpose of जमु हिंसायो, 10th conjugation with 37, to crush the onomies of the world. The object governed by the root & takos -the Genitive in the Accusative significance. Vide Pagini:-जासिनिप्रहगनाटकाथपियां हिंसायाम् . महीतलं न उपाजि- हीथाः यदि. उपाजिहीयाः Imperfect 2nd person singular Earth to foot ·612 FIRST CANTO to ओ हार गतो 3rd conjugation, Atmanepada with उप... If you had not come down the Earth. ततः Then. समाहित. The suffix h is here used in the Activer significance. After Intransitive roots is added in the Active significance. The root with and * which generally means to answer or solve or reconcile is transitive, but here since the object is not intended to he conveyed, it is to be treated as intransitive. Honce the use of is correct. Or समाहित may be takon to mean समाहितचित just like विमका भ्रातरः which stands for विमरूपना भ्रातरः. ते: समाहितचित. अपि भनिरूपित :-- निरूपितः Past passive.. participlo of Fy with to see. i understood. महमिर पश्यति (ज्ञान विषयो भवति) इति माह = मर ++कय. Vido Panini:-त्यदादिषु दृशोऽनारोचने क्य, दहशवपु and दो पति वक्तव्यम् . Examples:-माहा मारश मारक्ष, साहर लाय स्वारक्ष, तारक् तादश तारा end 80 माशा Genitivo plural of Te to ordinary peoplo like mo. रशः पर्दथ स्या: How will you become an object of our vision? स्या: Potential nd person Bingular of अम् to bo, 2nd conjugation Parasmaipado. माहगा is usod as a mark of humility. Honco your sight itsolf is the motive for my arrival. 2. उपप्लुतं पातमदो मदोद्धते- स्त्वमेव विधमर विश्वमीशिप । माते रख सालपितुं धमेत कः धपातमस्काण्डमठीमसं नमः॥३८॥ on.

·(62 SISUPĀLAVADHA .38. O protector of the Universe, you alone aro imest to protect this world which is dovastated by persons puffed up with militant force. Barring the :Sun, who' else kis competent to oleanse the sky which is rendered dirty by the thick of nocturnal .darkness? . उपप्लुतं पातु. विश्वं विभाति विश्वंभरः == विश्व+मुम् ++ सच्. खच् after मृ is enjoined by Panini:-संज्ञाया भृतृवृजिधारिमहितपिदमः, and मुम् after विश्व by the Sutra:- अरुषिदजन्तस्य मुम्. तत्र संबुद्धिः हे विश्वम्भर an epithet of Vishnu. मदेन उद्धता. तैः मदोद्धवैः By Kamsa and others. उपप्लुतं Troubled. भदः विश्व This world, Accusative. पातुं to protect. त्वमेव ईशिष Present tense 2nd person singular of it to be able. The truth of the statement in the first half of tho verso is substantiated by a contrary example तमसः काण्डाः तमस्काण्डाः The सत्व of Visarga before काण्ड is due to Panini .-स्कादिषु च. क्षपायाः तमस्ताण्डाः तैः मलीमसं. मलीमस isaderivative of मल In मत्वर्थ prescribed by Panini:--ज्योल्नातमिलाक्षिणोर्जस्वि- चूर्जस्वलगोमिन्मलिनमलीमसाः. (मत्वर्थे निपात्यन्ने). क्षपातमस्काण्डमलीमर्स नमः क्षालयितुं रवे. ऋते. ऋते an Indeclinable meaning 'without' governs a noun in the ablative case. Vido Panini:-अन्यारादितरतेंदिक्छन्दाघूत्तरपदानाहियुक्त, except the Sun. कः क्षमेत Potential 3rd person singular of क्षम्. Who will be able? None. The figure of speech Is प्रतिवस्तूपमा.

·64 SISUPĀLAVADHA course. प्रवृत्त एव स्वयमुज्झितश्रमा क्रमेण पेषु भुवनद्विषामसि । तथापि वाचालतया युनक्ति मां मिथस्वदामाषणलोलुपं मनः ॥ ३०॥ 40. Without feeling weary, you yourself havem takon to crushing the enemies of the world in the However, my mind which is longing fora conversation with you in private, makes me. loquacious प्रवृत्त एप (त्व) उज्झिा येन सः उशितश्रमः (सन्) क्रमेण, भुवनानि द्विषन्तीति तेया भुवनद्विपां पेष्टु The.. object of page to crush or kill takes the Genitive in. the Accusativo significance Vide Pannu --जासिनि- प्रहणनाटकायपिषां हिंसायाम् प्रत्त असि Without anybody to incite, you have yourself undertaken the destruction of the enemies of the people तथापि However. त्वया (सह) आभाषण, तस्मिन् लोलुप खदाभाषणलोलुप मन. My mind मा, वाचो यहय अस्य रान्तीत वाचाल Vides Panini -आलजाटजी पहुभाषिणि Vide Amara -प्याजल्प-- कस्तु वाचालो चाचाटो बहुगवार तस्य भाव वाचालता तया वाचार तयार (सह), युनक्ति from युज् 7th conjugation. तदिन्द्रसंदिष्टमुपेन्द्र यद्वचा क्षणं मया विश्वजनीनमुच्यते । समस्तकार्येषु गतेन धुर्यता- महिदिवस्तद्भवता निशम्यताम् ॥ ११ ॥ ५ 3 ·65 FIRST OANTO 41. You junior brother of Indra, let tho words containing the_message of Indra and conducive of benefit to the world, which I shall presently tell, both heard by you who take the lead in all activitios, concerning Indra. तदिन्द्र. इन्दं उपगतः उपेन्द्रः तस्य संवृद्धिः उपेन्द्र. Since you are Indra's younger brother, you must certainly carry out the message of Indra which I am going to convey to you. इन्द्रेण 'संदिष्टं इन्द्रसदिष्ट. विश्वस्मै जनाय हितं विश्वजनीन - विश्वजन + स. Vide Panini :-आत्मन्विधजनभोगो- तरपदात्सः, यत् वचः, क्षण In a minuto i.e. briefly. भवता उच्यते Passive of 5. तत् वचः भवता, निशम्यतां Imperativo mood Passive voice of sy with a to hear. Be it heard by you. Why ? अहिं देष्टीति तस्य अहिद्विपः. अहि is Vrtra, and Indra is his slayer. समस्तकार्येषु धुरं वदतीति धुर्यः- धुर् + यत्. Vide Panini:-धुरो यड्डकी. तरय भावः पुर्यता तो धुर्यता, गतेन adjectival to भवता. Because you bear the brunt in all matters connected with Indra. | अभूमिः प्रतिपक्षजन्मना मियां तनूजस्तपनघुविदिते।। यमिन्द्रशब्दार्थनिप्दनं हरे- हिरण्यपूर्व कशिपुं प्रचक्षते ॥ १२ ॥ 42 There was the son of Diti, as valiantas the Sun, wbo was novor & resting place for fears 5 ·66 ŠIŚUPĀLAVADBA resulting from foes, who rendered the name of Indra (ono possessed of the mightiest prowess) -8 more nullity and whom people call Hiranyakaśipu. ETA. Tho previous birth of Siśupāla as Hiranyakaśipu is dealt with in this vorso. Aorist 3rd person singular of 4. There was. fed: TEL: A son of Diti i.e. Asura, How was he ? प्रतिपक्षात् जन्म यासा ताः प्रतिपक्षजन्मानः, तासा प्रतिपक्षजन्मनां, Emanating from enemies. मियां अभूमि: A stranger to such fearg. Further 09767 yafta yfa: fer : qayta: Possessed of a valour like that of the Sun. What is his name? feconda fulang, ana. Present tense 3rd person plural of with 5. stat: People, understood. People call him front- #fag. Here the word forme comes before the word कशिपु, not in the sense of हिरण्य boforo the sense of कशिपु. Strictly speking frog will only refer to its moaning and not to tho word. Likewise also कशिपु. Henco critics find the passage faulty by reason of the known as aare44a7. However, it has to be explained away thus. Though forum and Hafety primarily denote only their respective meanings, they here denote the respective words by Lakshaņā. An oxplanation in the samo way is offered in usages like- Ar à (Meghasandeśa I-42) 99966# HINGET (Eirātārjuniya 18-44 ). How is he whom people call Hiragyakasipa ? Eti A 7, ART 274:, Tk ·FIRST CANTO निषूदनः तं इन्द्रशदायनिपूदनं. इन्दतीति इन्द्रः derived from इदि परमैश्वये. Indra is so-called, because he has the fullest Aiśvarya. When Hiranyakaśipu curtailed the powers of Indra, Indra ceased to be a truo Indra. So Hiraṇyakasipu has put an end to the significance of the word Indra as applied to Indra. Hence 'Indra' bocame a misnomer. justification for 964 is to bo sought for outside Pāņini. Or, includo it in garaile. Vide Govindaraja's icommentary on Agfaceti in Sarga, I-13 Balakanda, Valmiki Ramayana. In निषूदन, समत्सरेणासुर इत्युपेयुपा चिराय नाम्नः प्रथमाभिधेयताम् । भयस्य पूर्वावतरस्तरखिना मनस्सु येन घुसदा न्यधीयत ॥४३॥ 43. By whom the first awakening to the sense of foar was implantod in tho minds of the -denizens of heaven, he being scornful and for a long time the primary object of donotation for the name of Asura (Pillager) and being mighty. समरसरेणासुर. Tho wholo of this verse is an adjectival clauso qualifying Airanyakasipu in the provious verse. येन By whom. दिवि सीदन्तीति गुसदः- +स+वि by Panini:-सद्विप otc. पी पुसदा मनस्म

·68
SISUPALAVADHA
भयस्य मय भी+अन्, Vide Vartika:-मयादीनामुपसंख्यानमा
under एरच्. पूर्वश्वासौ अवतरथ पूर्वावतरः. अवतर - अव-7+
अप्. Roots ending in a or 3 take अप् in भावर्थ. Vidar
Panini:-ऋदोरप्. अवतार is derived in करणार्थ or अधिकर-
णार्य to denote संज्ञा according to Panini:-अवे तृस्नोर्घम्,
न्यधीयत Passive Imperfect 3rd person singular of धा
with fa
27 becomes before the passive suffix.
Vide Panini:-धुमास्थागापाजहातिसां हलि. In the Active,
voice the principal clause can be rendered as an.
भयस्य पूर्वावतरं न्यदधात्, How is he? तरस्विना instrumentalk
of तरस्विन् - तरस्+विनि. Nouns ending in भस् take विनि
in मनुवर्थ. Vide Panini:-अस्मायामेपासजो विनिः. Again.
ho is मत्सरेण सह वर्तत इति तेन समत्सरेण ever intent on
exploiting. Further how is he? अस्यत इति असुरः
One who overthrows. Vide Unadi sutra-असेझरन.
इति नानर, प्रथमं अभिधेयं, तस्य भावः तां प्रथमाभिधेयतां. चिराय
Indoclinablo resembling a agr. उपेयुपा Instru-
mental singular of उपेयिवस्. For a long time he,
literally enjoyed the first and foremost sigoificance of
the name Asura.
The first time Devas entertained
fear for anybody was when they were worried by
Hiranyakasipu.
दिशामधीशांधतुरो यारा-
नपास्य तं रागहताः सिपेविरे। ,
अवापुरारभ्य ततश्चला इति
प्रवादमखैरयशस्करं श्रियः॥ ४५ ॥

·69 FIRST OANTO 44. Ever since the riches, being attracted by Love, began to attend on him after abandoning the ifour Davas who are lords of the quarters, they (the riches) got the widespread infamous reputo that they are fickle. दिशामधीशान्. श्रियः यतः दिशामधीशान . Indra, Yama, Varuna and Kubera. चतुरः Accusative of चतुर् Four. अपास्य Indeclinable past participle of अस् with अप. तं refers to Hiranyakasipu. रागेण हताः रागहताः (सत्यः) Being won over by love, not by forco. For Lakshmi favours the valiant. ततः (आरभ्य) भयशः फरोतीति अयशस्करं - अयशस्++ट. Vide Panini:--यो हेनुताच्छील्यानुलोम्येपु. सत्व is due to अतः कृतमिकमकुम्मपायकशाक- गीवनव्ययस्य. चलन्तीति चला: Fickle. इति उच्चः प्रवादं भवापु: Perfect 3rd person plural of 8777 with 87, Parasmaipada. Riches त्रियः (feminine) attained bad repute, whon, leaving their previous lovers, they courtod a Inew one. पुराणि दुर्गाणि निशातमापुधं बलानि शूगणि धनाश्च फञ्चुकाः। स्वरूपोमैकफलानि नाफिना गणैर्यमाशय तदादि पक्रिरे ॥४५॥ 45. Out of whoto fear, since then, cities wero fortiGod, weapons sharpenod, forcos equippod with ·70 ŠIBUPĀLAVADHA valour, and armour thickened by the hosts of Devas, all of which had once served the moro purpose of imparting boauty by their presence. पुराणि दुर्गाणि. यं आशङ्कप, नाकः एपामस्तीति तेषा नाकिना. गणेः, सः (काल:) आदिः यस्मिस्तत्तथा तदादि स्वरूपशोभैव एक. फलं येषा तानि स्वरूपशीमकफलानि. Formerly there wore no such formidable foes. Hence fortification, equipment of arms, training of forces and replenisbmont of armour bad merely served tho purpose of royal insignia of the personal beauty of gods. But now they had really to be done vigilantly always. खरूपशोपलानि qualifios all the four nouns -पुराणि, भायुधं, पलानि and चुगा:. When tho adjectivo stands for nouns somo of which are neuter in gender and others belong to other genders, the neuter gender will remain to the exclusion of others in the Ekaśesha number. Vide Panini:-नपुंसकमनपुंसकेनैश्वद्यास्यान्यतरस्याम् and its Vrtti अलीबेन राहोचो लोग शिष्यते. तप वा एकय स्यात्, ताक्षण एष विशेषधेत. शुषः परः, कुका साटी, शुलं यरन, तदिदं शुक, तानीमानि शुमानि. What all things were dono by Devas? पुराणि दुर्गाणि चकिरे. Cities were fortified. दुःसेन गरभ्योति -दुर्+ गम् + ह. vide Vārtika:-मुदुरोरधिारणे. मायुधे The singular stands for tho species. Ami Past passivo participlo of a with A. Its altorpativo form is निशित. Vido Panini:-भाच्छोरन्यतरस्साम्. चकिरे will havo to bo transformod into lo this sentence ·FIRST CANTO 71 in order to suit the singular in आयुधम्. बलानि शूराणि चक्रिरे. Armies were made specially powerfn7. कचुका: भनाः चक्रिरे. Thus the Devas were perpetually preparing for war, fearing an invasion from Hiranyakasipu. स संचरिष्णु वनान्तरेषु यां यहच्छयाशिश्रियदाश्रयः श्रियः । अकारि तस्यै माटोपलस्खल- स्करैस्त्रिसंध्यं त्रिदशदिशे नमः॥ ४६ ।। 46. Whichever direction ho, the abode of Bovereignty, occupied by accident while journeying in the other words, to that was offered salutation by gods with hands slipping over the goms on their crowns all the three times of thoday. स संचरिष्णुः. धियः आध्यः सः Hiranyakasipu who ia the atode of Lakshmi. अन्यानि भुवनानि भुवनान्तराषि Other worlds i.e. worlds othor than the ono in which gode lived. The compound is to be explained on the principlo of मयूरय्यंगलादपथ, बेतु मुवनान्तरेषु or भुग्नस्य अन्तरेषु. In several places in the middlo of the world. संगरिनु नीलमस्य पं. संचरिष्णः मेयर + २४. Vide Panini: - मरमनिराशामोर- ধীৰীৰযেবাবে সৰু (ग) सरस of his own freo will. vido Armara:-यह सैरततिः रसाय. fi, wiat Aorist 3rd porson singular of fire ·72 SISUPÁLAVADRA Vide Panini:-णित्रिदुषुभ्यः कर्तरि चल्. Whichever direction be resorted to. azů feat Dative is due to juxtaposition with नमस्. Vide Panini:-ममःस्वस्तिरवा- हास्वधालंयषडयोगाच. नमः, अफारि Passive Aorist of . Salutation wasoffeered to that direction. By whom ? निदशैः तिस्रः दशाः येषां ते निदशाः Gods, for they have only three stages-childhood, boyhood and youth, not tho fourth one-old age. बाल्यकौमारयौवनाने विलो दशाः OF tho throo stagos refer to जन्म, सत्ता and पृद्धि-birth, existenco and growth, no dooline. Or निर्दश परिमाणमेषा निदशा-नि+देश+च्. Vide Panini :-यहुव्रीही संख्येये उजबहुगणात्. प्रयस्त्रिंशद्वै देवाः सोमपाः इति थुतेः, तैः त्रिदशै: How were the gods? मकुटानाम् सपलाः, संपु स्खलन्तः कराः येषां ते: मकुटीपलस्वलस्करैः The Devag at join the palms of their hands over their heads, and the palms therofore slip over tho gems on their crosts. When ? तिमी संध्यानां समाहारः त्रिसंध्यं an instance of समाहारदिगु formod by the application of तद्धितापोतर- पदसमाहारे च, द्विगुरेश्वचनं and स नपुंगकम्. The Accusativo of विसंध्यं is त्रिमंप्यम्-accusativo of timo. Vido Panini:-कालावनोरत्यन्तसंयोगे. संध्यायन्ति अस्यो, संघीयते भदोरात्री वास्या संप्या. Daybreak, noon and sunset are the three 80asons of Sandhya in which peopio are requirod to offer worship to tho Sun. Vido Amara : -TITK- मभ्यासरित्रसप्पा. सटाच्छटामिनपनेन पिन्नता नृसिंह महीमवर्नु वनुं त्वया । onca ·73 FIRST OANTO 1965 L १ स मुग्धकान्तास्तनसङ्गमारे- रोविदारं प्रतिचस्करे नखैः ।। ४७॥ 2 47. O best of mon, yourself bearing the hugo form of a lion and consequently piercing the clouds with the luxuriant mano, he was slaughtered by you by toaring off his breast with nails which are too delicate for tho contact of the broasts of lovoly dansole. HETETET. That tho said Hiranyakaśipu was islain by Visbộu in tho NŢsimhāvatāra is dealt with in this verse. हे नृसिंह ना सिंह तत्र संयुधिः This also rofors to the incarnation of Vishnu in tho NȚsimba form which consisted of a lion's body in tho upper half and that of a mun in tho lower half. T: 691 sfatuet Ho wag slain by you. प्रवियस्करे Passivo porfect 3rd porson singular of with a to slay. Tho root of tho 6th conjugation takes tho initial augment aftor 4 and sta if it donotos 7. Vido Púnini:- HTX. In order to arrivo at that meaning the compound may also bo diesolved ag al ti face . low poro you? Ar *ही तो मेरा तनुर्न मामी मत. तनु मिता Present participle of t to bear, 3rd conjugation Porasmaipads, adjoctiral to 75. Tho feminida suffix is only optional altor adjectives ending in 3 and denoting & quality. Vido Pâniai: &: rt

·74
ŠIŠUPÄLAVADHA
गुणवचनात्. तनु means small, अतनु Large. The second
तनु means body. In consequence, how wore you
further ? (अत एव) सटानां छटाः तामिः मिना धनाः येन तेन
सटाच्छटाभिनयनेन. The clustor of your mano pierced
the clouds. You took such a huge form as even to.
touch the clouds. How was he slain? उरो विदार्य
उरोविदारं - वि-दृ+ णमुल्. A root modifying another
principal root takes a when it governs a noun
denoting a talls (in the accusative case) which is
mutilated, crushed or otherwise subjected to trouble.
Vide Panini:-परिग्लिश्यमाने च. He was slain after
tearing off the breast. By what means was his
breast torn asunder 2 TÀ: By the claws of Nfsimha.
How are the nails ? मुग्धी कान्तास्तनौ, तयोः सजेनापि भरैः
मुग्धकान्तास्तनसगभगुरेः. The idea is that your nails
Bre no doubt tender, but when occasion requires it,
they are effective liko thunderbolt. भगुर - भ +धुरन्
tending to break or bond.
Vide Panini:-भसभासमिदो
धुरच्. It is strain that the hard chest of the demon
was rent by your delicate nails. Your power indeed,
transcends all conception.
विनोदमिच्छन्नथ दर्पजन्मनो
रणेन कण्डास्त्रिदर्शः समं पुनः ।
स रावणो नाम निकाममीपणं
पभ्व रक्षः क्षतरक्षणं दिवः॥४८॥

·FIRST OANTO 75 48. Later on, agais desirous of satisfying the itching sensation born of the pride of strength by giving battlo to sods, he became a mighty frightful Rākshasa known as Rāvaņa, endangering the safety of hoaven. antation. Here Nārada relates the Hiranyakasipu tuok another birth as Rāvapa among Rakshasas. अय सः पुनः त्रिदशैः. सम Indeclinable meaning 2. 87, afwR PRIETEN: A. qua: Ant To gatisfy the itching sonsation of his arm due to overlowing strength. Tho crushing by Nysimba with bis claws did not fully subduo his craving for fight. Honco he took anothor birth for that. purpose. Fa: Genitive singular of f. 274 TETO AT तत् शताक्षणे. दियः and रक्षL are mutually expectant. Honco the compound Tat is to bo justified on tho principle सापेक्षऽपि गमकल्यासमास:. Though रक्षा corrolated with 17, and as such the full 272727 or the completo co-ordination of ideas convoyed by tho covor component parts is not availablo, the compound is posmissible, becauso 48 itself stands for faa ari. Inollect thocompound means 93- 4. The suggestion is that all the precious posees. biong of beason wero taken away by him, free it HTT-*+14+. it becomes they in causal. Vida Fönini:-Alonga, a la sit comes by tho rulo

·76
SIGUPÄLAVADHA
नन्दिप्रहिपचादिभ्यो ल्युणिन्यचः. मीष् being मन्यादि.
निकामं भीषण
निकाममीषण. भीषण and क्षतरक्षणं are neuter, because
-they qualify रक्षः. रावण इति known as Ravana.' रक्षः
-बभव. विधवसोऽपत्यं पुमान् रावणः = विश्रवस् (रवण)+भग Vide
Panini:-तस्याप यम्. When the apatya suffix art is
-added to fare the latter optionally takes the form
-of विश्रवण or रवण Both विधवण and रवण included in the
शिवादि list under शिवादिभ्योऽण् . See the following extract
from Praudhamanorama :- विश्वगरवणशब्दी पठते । तो
विधवःशब्दस्यादेशौ प्रकृत्यन्तरे एव वा, वृत्तिविषये तत्समानार्थे। वैभवणः
रावणः.. The idea is that the phrase विधवस: अपत्य can
be used, but not विश्रवणस्य or रवणस्य. These can be
used only in compound a वैश्रवण and रावण. Mallina-
tha refers to another etymology of the word
• as the one adopted by Pauranikas viz., रावयतीति
रावणः-र+णिच्+ ल्युर, One who makes the world cry.
Authority for the same is also cited from Uttara-
kunda :-यस्मालेकायं चैतहावितं भयमागतम् । तस्मात्य रावो नाम नाना
चीरो भविष्यसि ॥ रक्षः+क्षतरक्षणं Visarga does not becomo
जामूलीय in Sandhi. For, the rule कुप्पो कपी च is
•overridden by the sutra:-शर्परे विसर्जनीयः.
प्रमुटुंभूर्भुवनत्रयस्य या
शिरोऽतिरागाशमं चिकर्तिपुः ।
अतर्कपद्विघ्नमिवेष्टसाहसः
प्रमादमिच्छासह पिनाकिना॥४९॥

·FIRST CANTO 77* 49. Who, being desirous of becoming the lords of the three worlds and of cutting off his tenth head in deep devotion, and being fond of advepture, imagined as an impediment the grace of Siva which met his aspirations. ALE: Rāvana's_asploits are described by moans_of 18. blokas beginning from this. In six Versey from hore the word occurs, and hence all the Bix verses are adjectival to Rāvana in the previous verso. This stanza refers to the story that Rāvana did severe penance and offered his nine. Þoads in fire in propitiation of Lord Siva and was about to sacrifice his tenth hoad as well, when the Lord appeared and granted him the sovereignty of the three worlds. यः भुवनानो पर्य तस्य भुवनत्रयस्य. sy: waarog: TII:- +7+-3. When 35 and other words donoting qaffe or compotonce aro used, tho nouns governed by them take the Dativo caso. Vido Pānini :-HA: Eatiota961 TITT and the Vartika अलमिति पर्याप्त्यर्यप्रणम्. Examplo:-दत्येभ्यो हरिः met my: 4. * TOTT. But whon the words sy Sihvit and tho liho aro usod, tbo gonitivo case is also permissiblo. Vido Siddhanta Kaumudi: -AT- योगे पटपपि गायः 'तामै प्रमाति' 'स एशी प्रामीः' इति निदेशात् । ta Kur' for the same Out of onthuplasm. His attempt to offer his last head was not due to despair owiog to delay in the boon being: Stantoch On the othor haod he thought it ·*78 SISUPĀLAVADHA स. apleasure_to_sacrifice_the_remaining bead also to please_Śıva. He was_80_much his devotee and so much fond of adventure दशानां पूरणं दशम-दशन् +मट् + उट Vido Panini -तस्य पूरणे डट् and नान्तादसख्यादेर्मट्. शिरः कर्तितु चिकर्तिपुः -कृत्+सन् +उ. साहस यस्य इटसादस'. इच्छाया रादृश इच्छासटशं. पिनाक 1s the name of -Siva's bow. पिनाव अस्यास्तीति पिनाकी तस्य पिनाकिन . प्रसाद विघ्नमिव, मतर्कयत् from तर 10th conjugation Even the uploasure of Sıva was considered by Rāvana to be an obstacle to bis penance समुत्क्षिपन्यः पृथिवीभृतां वरं वरप्रदानस्य चकार शूलिनः । प्रसचुपाराद्रिसुताससंभ्रम- स्वयंग्रहाश्लेषसुखेन निष्क्रयम् ।। ५०॥ 50 Who, lifting up the best of mountains, paid off the price of the boon granted by Siva by offering him the pleasure of the sudden and voluntary embraco of the torrified daughter of the snowclad mountain (Pirvati) समुत्क्षिपन्यः पृथिवी विनंतीति तेपा पृथिवीभृतां पर Kailash समुक्षिपन् Present participle of क्षिप् with and 3 to lift. किन परपदानस्य Tor tho granting of tho boon by Śiva. Am FEIT Discharged his obligation or ropaid its prico By what? दुपाररय अभिः सस य,

·FIRST CANTO
79
स्वयप्रह,
सुता तुषारादिता, संभ्रमेण सह पर्वत इवि ससंभ्रम', स्वय ग्रहः स्वयमह',
असन्ती च सा तुपारादिसुता च, तस्या ससम्रम
तेन
भाग्य तेन सुख तेन ग्रसतुपाराद्रिसुताससम्रमस्वयमहाश्ठेरसुखेन
Whan Ravana lifted the Kailasa, the mountain
shook, and Pārvati was terrified and out of fear
embraced Siva of hor own accord in a hurry The
pleasuro which Siva derived therefrom was the
price paid by Ravana for the boon which be got
from Siva This illustrates the might and heroism
of Ravana. प्रह- प्र + अप्
Vide Panini -प्रहनि-
श्चिगमश्च
पुरीमवस्कन्द लनीहि नन्दन
मुपाण रत्नानि हरामराङ्गना।
विगृह्य चक्रे नचिद्विषा बली
य इस्थमस्वास्थ्यमहर्दिवं दिषः ।। ५१ ।।
51 Who, mighty that he was, fighting with
Indra, the foe of Namuchi, time and again invaded
his city, devastated his garden, robbed him of his
goms and took captive the colostial ladies and
tbus caused the unrest of heaven overy day
पुरीमवस्क द बलम् अस्यास्तीति पली य नमुचिद्विपा With
Indra, the foo of Namuchi विगृय Fighting पुरी अव
gut refers to Amaravati, the capital of Indra
अवस्क- means यस्कन्द hAramen the अनमो ....
.

·80 SIBUPĀLAVADHA gives the common characteristic of all the predicates. mentioned in the first half of the verse is which is in the Perfect. Though 37979 has taken tbetermination of the peor Imperative, it is here used in the Perfect significance. The Imperative termina tions and are respectively added to the rooteof the Parasmaipada and Ātmanepada in the significance of all tonses and moods and all numbors. and persons when froquency or intensity is sought to be conveyed. Vide Pāṇini :--THFTER लोटो हिस्वी वा च तवमोः. The actual tense, mood, person and number in which the Imperative is. used has to be found out only from the context in. such a case. For tbat purpose a principal predicate which either repeats or conveys the idea of the root thus employed is used, and that goes by the name of 947. Here 2760, E, 09 and are omployed, and to clarify their senses, their common underlying idea is conveyed by the phrase :- Tartu 26 'caused the unrest Hence the said four verbs respectively mean ez, Gaia, TÄHT and जहार. पुरिमवस्कन्द Rivana raidsd Amaravati. नन्दनं a. He devastated the Nandana garden of Indra. रनानि मुपाण. Ho Eoized Indra's gems or his preciouspossessions. STARTIT! . Ho carried tho colestial daipsels as captives &ů : 21 Thue he caused the unrest of heaven. Here the use of prodicates as if ending in the Imperative 2nd personi ·81 FIRST CANTO singular is laid down by Pánını ---SHAREAL rather than by क्रियासममिहारे eto When several predicates are used to denote a combination of Boveral actions, the roots thus used optionally tako af Parasmaipada and 77 if Ātmanepada to denote any tange or mood, person or number Under this rule it 19 not necessary that the verbs should connote frequency or intensity as under the previous rule The first rule applies where there is a single root with the idea of frequency or intensity. The second rule applies where there are several roots with or without such an idea But in both casos tho Tat should be used Where the first rulo applies, the 2014 will be in the form of a predicate derive from the root which is used with the Imporative ending Vide Panidi-fogat: पूर्वस्मिन् Whoro the second rulo applies, tho att should be in the forn of a predicate which denotes the common characteristic of the actions denoted by tho soveral roots whose combination is intended. Vido Paniai -Age AT4799119 In the present vorso, frequopcy or intensity cannot bo intended. Becauco, if such were the caso, the roots used in that Bonso will bo roduplicated Vido Vartika -6417- मिझारे पाध्ये Example -याहि पाहीति याति Ho frequently goes भनि प दिशा व महर्दिव, . Dvandys in tho Locatiro sengs specially montioned in *-. ID TER and 7, R drops, bocauto it follows a. 6 ·82 BISUPĀLAVADEA Vide Pāṇini :-) :. ftit derived from to cut, 9th conjugation, Parasmaipada. The 9th conjugational sign 71 becomes of whon followed by weak torminations beginning in a consonant. Vido Panini:-ई हल्यपोः. मुपाण The 9th conjugational sign 71 becomes a whon preceded by a consonant and followed by R. Vido Pāṇini :: #: AFRI. This stanza is remarkable for tho vory many grammatical poculiarities it contains, सलीलयानानि न भर्तुरम्रपो-.- ने चित्रमुःश्रवसा पदक्रमम् । 39399: gola àqë TF_JHI Ria ada 1142 52 Pursued by whom in baltic, the foo or Vala (Indra) appreciated neither tho difforont kinds of grscoful fait of Airāvnts (hig olophant) nor tho wonderful placing of footstops by Ucchaissravnu (his lorso), but only their spood. rautatih. In battle. 1: Pursund by whom. 1979: Tho enoms of Vala i o. Indra. 049: Tho fem'lo clephant that is tho conrort of Mirivata, the clophant or Indra which guardm tho 434tern extremity. TE; .:. : or the lord of Abranu l.c. Air yata. 1957 m TITA ·FIRST CANTO यातानि सलीलयातानि म प्रशशेरा. Indra's horse is called उचायवए. उचैः भ्रवसी यस्य सः उचैःश्रवाः One possessod •of tall ears. तस्य उघ:शवस:. चित्रं, पदाना कमः ते पदक्रम Tho gracoful gait of Airavata and Ucchaiśśravas of different sorts did not elicit the admiration of Indra. तयोः शीघ्रता केवलं प्रशंस. He appreciatod their speed from the clutches of Ravana. अशक्नुवन् सोदुमधारलोचनः सहस्ररश्मेरिव यस्य दर्शनम् । प्रविश्य हेमाद्रिगुहागृहान्तरं निनाय पिभ्यदिवमानि कौशिकः ॥ ५३॥ . 53. Indra, hko the owl, with agitated oyes being unable to bear his sight as that of the Sun and entering the hollow of caves in the Meru, spent his days in panic. अशक्नुवन्. Here Indra is compared to an owl. An owl fears the Sun. Indra fears Ravana. An owl passes the day-time in the caves of a mountain. Indra too spends his days within the caves of Mount Meru. अधीर लावनं यस्य मः अधीरलोचनः An owl is moving in fear, कौशिक: Indra as well as owl. Vide Amara:-महेन्द्रगुग्गुललूकन्यालमाहिए कौशिमः, सहस्र रश्मयो ·84 SISUPĀLAVADHA यस्य तस्य सहस्ररश्मः इव यस्य दर्शनं. The sight of Ravana. resembles that of the Sun. NS Infinitive of purpose of RF to endure. अशक्नुवन् Present participle of शक् to be able, 5th conjugation, Parasmaipada+ नम् prefixed in compound. (सन्) हेममयः अदिः हेमादिः the golden mountain-Mount Meru. तस्य गुहैव गृई, तस्य अन्तरं हेमाद्रिगुहागृहान्तरं प्रविश्य. विम्यत् Present participle of # 3rd conjugation, Parasmaipada in the .masculine gender. Vide Panini:-नाभ्यस्ताच्छतुः Evon within the cave, Indra was shaking with. fear. दिवसानि निनाय. Vide Amara:-या तुलीने दिवसवासरी. This verse is an example of शन्दशचिमूलध्वनि becoming बाच्यसिद्धयर. वृहच्छिलानिठुरकण्ठपहना- द्विकीर्णलोलामिकणं सुरद्विषः। जगत्प्रभारप्रसहिष्णु वैष्णवं न चक्रमस्याक्रमताधिकंघरम् ।। ५४॥ 54. The discus of Vishņu, the lord of tho Univorso, whoge sparks of fire wore ghattored and shift. od by rubbing against his huge neck, hard liko rock. bocoming powotloss did not successfully oporato on the neck of this ememy of gods. पच्छिला. गृहसी पिला, सेव नितुरः कण्ठा, सस्मिन् पर्न तसार tot 193717 By dashing against Rõrana'a

·85
FIRST CANTO
meck which is as hard as rock. विकी: लोलीः अमिकणा:-
यस्य तत् विकीर्गलोलाग्निकणं. The sparks of fire which
Vishņu chakra used to emit were-strattered and
thrown away. ((अत एव consequently.) प्रसोर्ट शीलमस्य
असहिष्णु-प्र-सद् + इष्णुच्. Vids Panini:-अलंकृग्निराकृप्रजनो-
स्पोत्पतोन्मदरुच्यपत्रपतुवृधुसहचर इष्णुच्. प्रसहिष्णु न भवतीति अप्रसहिष्णु
Powerless. विष्णोः इदं वैष्णवं चक्र. The discus of Vishnu.
जगतः प्रभुः तस्य जगत्प्रमोः अस्य रावणस्य. कन्धरायाम् अधिकन्धर
-an instance of Avyayibhava compound in विभक्त्यर्थ.
न अक्रमत Imperfect 3rd person singular of कम् to cross.
The Parasmaipada root at takes the Ātmanepada
terminations when it denotes free play, enthusiasm
or progress. Vide Panini:-वृत्तिसर्गतायनेषु कमा.
अप्रतिबन्धः, सर्ग उत्साहः, तायनं वृद्धि. Examples in order :-
ऋचि क्रमते बुद्धिः, अध्ययनाय नमते and कमन्तेऽस्मिन् शास्त्राणि.
It is in the first of these senses that is used
here. Bhattoji Dikshita apparently had before
him the reading अप्रभविष्णु in the place of अप्रसहिष्णु in
this verso, and the same has been subjected
to adverse comment as follows:-The suffix इष्णुन्
in the sense of राच्छील, तद्धर्म and तत्साधुकारी will apply
only to roots mentioned in the Satra Bot. Tho
suffix up after the root is permissible only in
Vedas, Vide Panini:-भुवश्च. Siddhanta Kaumudi
छन्दसीत्येव. भविष्णुः। कथं तहि 'जगत्त्रभोरप्रभविष्णु वैष्णवम्' इति ।
निराशाः क्वयः। Tho use of भविष्णु in classiclitorature is
amere poetic licenso.
.

·86 SISUPĀLA VADHA dans 1966 fafaaag: 1996 मैदेन दन्तीव मनुष्यधर्मणः । निरस्तगाम्भीर्यमपास्तपुष्पर्क प्रकम्पयामास न मानसं न सः॥ ५५॥ 55. Breaking open the Sankha treasuro, with a plethora of strength, he not infrequently caused the agitation of Kubera's heart which grow melancholy, lost its tranquillity and coased to think of Pushpaka just as an elephant in rut breaking the conches would agitate the Mānasa lake which becomes miry, whose depth is defied and which is rendered destitute of its flowers. faltang. In this verse Ravana is compared to an elephant in rut. The elephant agitates the Mānasa lake. Rivane agitated the Mūnasa or mind of Kubera. An elephant breaks Sankhag or conchos while playing riotously in the Mānasa laho. Rāvana also broko open tho Sankla Nidhi or treasure of Kubora. An elephant bocomes riotous with tut. Rāvana vas puffod up with strongth. Tho olephant spoils the 918 or flowers in tho Māna. 88 lake. Rāvano captured tho get chariot of Kubora. The dopth of the Mānagu lako ig novor reckoned by the elophant Tho mental stability of Kubera Was disturbed by Ravona 07: F. * mcans both prido of strength and rut Vido Viva :-A97991:. 3, fafaxi anda henr= ·O. FIRST CANTO eget. 3 is the name of one of tho treasures of Kubora, Nidhis are supposed to be nine in number-181994 442 Figl FF FF na ara fata lI. 376 also moans a conch. Vide Viſvara foram FTFE- मगुष्यस्येव धर्म. (श्मश्रुलत्वादि ) यस्य सः मनुष्यधर्मा. धर्म at the end of a Bahuvrihi compound and preceded by a single component of the compound takes aaa 1 e., it becomes a Vide Pānını ----Jaffalat. TRT Hay Kubera's. मन एवं मानस मुहुः न न #47TATA. The double negative affirms the positive. He actually shook the mind of Kubera मानस means both mind and tho Mānasa lake Tho Mānasa lake 18 80-called because it was made by the mind of Brahman. Vide Visva -#196 af a. How is Manasa ? 37 734 797419 177L 4410g. The mind of Kubera becomes melancholy. The Mānasa lake becomes muddy. Further how is Mānaga ? faceti ya TTL Aretus Kubera's presenco of mipd was put an end to The depth of the lake was treated with scorn Further अपास्त TOFF Tin Kubera's miod was relieved of the thought of his Pushpaka, because it was taken away by Rāvana अपास्तानि पुष्पाणि यस्मात्तत् अपाम्तपुष्पक Tho Buftix is due to the Bahuvrihi compound Vide Papını 191, The lake was stripped of its lotuses The use of the double negative suggests the extraordinary courage of Kubera in other circumstances. The figure of speech is 7 ·90 MIŠUPÁLAVADHA foro-arms plying slightly) and bedecked them with pearls in the form of mild drops of sweat. मह - स्पृशन्सशङ्क: The Sun's turn comes now. करोतीति भइस्करः- अहन्++2. Vido Panini:-दिवाविभा- and कस्कादिषु च. The maker of the day i.e., the Sun. अस्य वधूः अलचकार Bedecked Ravana's ladies like a decorator. How is the Sun ? शुचौ समये स्थितोऽपि Though passing through the summer season in the case of the_Sun; though remaining pure.in.conduct in the other case. yf# means summer as well as pure. vide Visva:-शुचिः मुद्देऽनुपहते मृङ्गाराषाढयोरपि । प्राप्मे हतबहेऽपि स्यात. समय means both season and conduct. Vido Amara:--समयाः शपथाचारकालसिद्धान्तसंविदः. How does he touch the ladies for decoration ? असमप्र पतन्तीति तैः असमप्रपातिभिः कराणाम् अप्रैः कराप्रैः शया सश. स्पृशन्. Ho touches them_with_his rays wbich fall_lightly. For, a full and hot blaze will irritato Rāvana. वर means both a band and a ray. Tho decorator_out_of fear-touches the ladies withzout frooly applying his hand. Vido Amara:-यलिह- स्नाशवः करा:. धर्मा म भवन्तीति अधर्माः, धर्मस्य उदक, तस्य रिन्दवः, अधर्माध से मदरविन्दरच, त एव मौरिससनि त भयमंघमादकपि. AFT: With poaris in tho form of tho cool dropa of sweat. Evon in summer the Sun is mild Sinco by tho description of the Sun, tho picture of la decorator is brought homo to tho roador's mind. tho figuro of speech is ममासोषि. सह वर्तत इति ·FIRST CANTO 91 Jure कलासमग्रेण गृहानमुश्चत्ता मनस्विनीरुत्कयितुं पटीयसा । विलासिनस्तस्प वितन्वता रति न नर्मसाचिव्यमकारि नेन्दुना ।। ५९ ॥ 59. The role of an assistant in love to him. was nover omitted to be acted by the Moon remaining with the full disc (fully equipped in fine arts), Devor loaving his house, becoming particularly skilful in making angry ladies imbued with passion and incroasing his pleasure while he was inclined to dally. फालासमग्नेण. Tho Moon acted as an assistant in love to Rivana. इन्दुना तस्य नमसाचिन्य नाकारीति न. Assistanco in sport was done by the Moon. The double negative afirms the positive. नर्मणि साचिव्यं नमसाचिग्यं भकारि Passive Aorist, 3rd person singular of F. How is Ravana? विलसितु शीलमस्येति विलासी-वि. उस्+पिनम्. Vide Panini :~-को कालसक्त्यसम्म.. तस्य विला- Teras When he was addicted to the pleasures of lovo How is the Moon ? क्लाभि. समप्रेण कलामममेण. Ho is always with bis full rays. No question of increaso or decrease of_his digite.. गृहान् न मुघन् भमुगन् तेन भमुषा. He is always_in the house of Ravana, as a result of servitude or fear of punishment. मनस्विनी: Ladies possested of anger in love-- ·ŚRUPĀLAVADAA राजानः ठरगराजा:. रणेषु तस्य प्रहिताः प्रचेतसा सरोपहुंकारपराङ्मुखीकताः। प्रहर्तुरेवोरगराजरज्जयो जवेन कण्ठं समयाः प्रपेदिरे ॥ ५६॥ 56. The serpent-kings serving as ropes sons by Varuņa in battleg, being repelled by his indignant Pish (67) and struck with fear, hastily got back to the neck of the sender himself. रणेषु तस्य. This deals with Varuņa's panic. रणेषु प्रचेतसा By Varuna प्रहिताः Sent or discharged. उरगाणा राजन् at the end of a Tatpurusha compound becomes राज. Vide Panini:-राजाहःसखिभ्यरष्टच्. इव उरगराजरभव: example of उपमितसमास. Vide Panini:-उपमितं व्याघ्रादिमिः सामान्याप्रयोगे. It means नागपाशा: तस्य referring to Ravana. सरोषेण हुँकारेण परामसीताः सरोपहुंकारपराङ्मुखीकृताः (सत्यः) अत एव गयेन सह धर्तन्त इति समयाः (सलः) प्रदर्शरेव षष्ठं The neck of the one . who strikes ie. Varuna himself. जयेन प्रपेदिरे Perfect 3rd person plural of Fi with a. The weapon instoad of striking Rāvana hit back on Varuņa himsolf. परेतमर्तुमहिषोऽमुना धनुः विधातमत्वातविषाणमण्डला । हवेऽपि मारे महतस्त्रपामरा- वाह दुखेन भृशानदं शिरः॥ ५७॥ an ·89 FIRST CANTO 57. The buffalo of Yama (lord of the dead) 'with his ring of horns dug out by this Rāvaņa for preparing his bow, though the weight (of horns) was removed, bore his bead hanging down far low "under a huge load of shame in misery. परेतभर्तुः. This deals with Yama's pitiable iplight. भमुना Instrumental singular of अदस् mascur Tine referring to Rāvana. धनुः विधातुं To make this bow. उत्खातं विपाणयोः मण्डलं यस्य सः सरसातविषाणमण्डल:. परेतानां मत Lord of the dead, तस्य परतभर्नुः. महिषः Buffalo is the vehicle of Yama. भारे हतोऽपि Although the load of horns was removed. भार = मृ (3rd conjn.) +प. महतः अपायाः भरः-भृ (9th conjn.)+ अप्. Vido Panini:-ऋदोरप्. तस्मात् प्रपाभराद. गृर्श आनतं शिरः उवाह. • Hung down his head in shame. सवाद Perfect 3rd person singular of ac. स्पृशन्सशकः समये शुचावपि स्थिता करागैरसमनपातिमिः। अधर्मधर्मोदकाबन्दुमौक्तिक- रलंचकारास्य वपुरहस्करः ॥ ५८॥ . 58. The Sun, though passing through tho summer tide, (though remaining pure in character) touched his (Rīvapa's) ladies with fear with tho fringes of his beams falling slightly (with his ·90 ŠIŚUPĀLAVADHA foro-arms plying slightly) and bedecked them with pearls in the form of mild drops of sweat. स्पृशन्सशङ्क:- The Sun's turn comos now. अहः करोतीति अहस्करः = अहन्++ट. Vide Panini:-दिवाविमा-- and क्स्कादिषु च. The maker of the day i.e., the Sun. अस्य वधूः अलवकार Bedecked Ravana's ladies like a decorator. How is the Sun ? शुचौ समये स्थितोऽपि Though passing through the summer season_in_the case of_the_Sun; though remaining pure in conduct in the other case. : शुचि means summer as well as pure. Vide Visva:-शुचिः शुद्धेऽनुपहते भृक्षारापाढयोरपि । प्राप्मे हुत रहेऽपि स्यान्. समय means both season and conduct. Vido Amara:--समयाः शपथाचारकालसिद्धान्तसंविदा, How does he touch the ladies for decoration ? असम पतन्तीति : असममपातिभिः फराणाम् भने करामः रावया सह वर्तत इति सशङ्क: रएशन्. He touches them with his rays wbich fall_lightly.. For, a full and hot blazo will irritato Ravana. F moans both a hand and a ray. Tho decorator_out of fear-touches tho ladies without freely applying_his hand, Vide Amara: पलिद- स्तशिवः करा:. पर्मा न भवन्तीति अपर्माः, धर्मस्य उदक, तस्य विन्दवः, भधर्माश्च ते घमादाविन्दवय, त एव मौक्किानि ते: अधर्मपादकीय न्टुमौक्तिकै: Vith poarls in the form of the cool drops of sweat. Evon in summor tho Sun is mild. Sinco by the description of the Sun, tho picturo of a decorator is brought homo to the roador's mind, the figure of speech is समासोषि.

·FIRST CANTO 91 Jure कलासमग्रेण गृहानमुश्चता मनस्विनीरुत्कयितु पटीयसा । विलासिनस्तस्य वितन्वता रति न नमसाचिन्यमकारि नेन्दुना ।। ५९ ।। 59 The role of an assistant in lovo to him was never omitted to be acted by the Moon remaining with the full disc (fully equipped in fine arts), never leaving his house becoming particularly skilful in making angry ladies imbued with passion and increasing his pleasure while he was inclined to dally of 5 फलासमग्रेण The Moon acted as an assistant in love to Ravana इंदुना तस्य नममाचिव्ये नाकारीतम Assistance in sport was done by the Moon The doublo negative affirms the positivo नर्मणि साचिय मर्मसाचिय भकारि Passive Aorist, 3rd porson singular How 19 Ravana? विलसितु शीलमस्येति विलासी-वि एम् + पिनुग् Vide Panini - कालसस्थतम्भ सस्य विन fe When he was addicted to the pleasures of Jovo How is the Moon ? हामि समप्रेग कराममण Hos always with his full rays. No question of or decrease_of_his disits गृहान् न मुन अमुगन् तम भमुना Ho la_always in the house of Ravana, as a rosult of sortitudo or fear of pansehment. Format Ladies possessed of anger in love Increaso ·94 ŠISUPĀLA VADHA laura. Väyu stood in the good graces ol Rāvana by pandoring to his taste. प्रकम्पनेन मुरा -Kuafit. The gods were pitied by Váyu. 197*. 1897 Passive perfect 3rd pers 'n plural of 9 with 371 to take pity upon. Why were they pitied i Because they were 3746777 377774: 3779274, afÊRE TITAT Vaat: Punishod without guilt. Was Vāyu in a better position ? Yes. तस्य प्रियेण He was beloved of Rāvana. Why so? Because Răvaşa longingly casts his glance at the thighs of the ladies of his harem. sity. सोलं यस्य Gia Lai, How does Váyu assist Rāvana in having a look at their thigbs ? 93 774:, arat aftura, तरय धूननं, तेन स्फुटं आगः यस्य तेन निशान्तनारीपरिधानधूनन· स्फुटागसा. He waves the_logor_sarmont o£ the ladies in Ravana's harom. Honco_undor ordinary - circumstances Vāgu.will bo doemod to bo guilty of high troason. But sinco ho only adds to the pleasure of Ravana by behaving_thus, he ondoars himscir to Rivana. ata shows the contrast between a13 and tho other gods. The ono is guilty of treason but is faroured by Rivana. Tho others are innocent, but aro punished. fazira means homo. Vido Amara :- Ark0717HEMI 1. परिधान Tho lower garmont. Vide Amara i-aftarlac T- - opgaist.. (ta) +11+ft+e In tho - causal y takes IMR. Vido Vartika: vaatami.

·95 FIRST CANTO jur तिरस्कृतस्तस्य जनाभिभाविना मुहुर्महिम्ना महसां महीयसाम् । चमार बाष्पैर्द्विगुणीकृतं तनु- स्तनूनपामवितानमाधिः ॥ ६२॥ . 62. Frequently spurned at by the powor of his superior valour which outragod the people, the puny Agni bore a double column of smoke by reason of sighs due to anguish. तिरस्कृतस्तस्य. Even Agni did not blazs in his presence. The fire merely fumed profusely with smoke. The columns of smoke were re-doubled by means of the sighs that Agni heaved. तस्य, जनान् अमि- भवितुं शीलमस्य तेन जनाभिभाविना. अतिशयेन महतो महीयसा -comparative degree of महतो. महां, महतो भावः महिमा. Vide Panini:-पृथ्वादिभ्य, इमनिज्वा. तेन महिना By the might of his valour which overpowered all men. मुहुः तिरस्कृत: Often treated with contempt. अत एव तनु: Emaciated. तनुं न पातयतीति तनूनपात् Fire, for it never makos its body hang down. In whatever way it is placed. it always blazes upward. आधिना जातैः थाधिजैः. माधि means mental anguish, whereas व्याधि means physical illness. Vide Amara:--पुस्याधिर्मानसी व्यथा, tra: Througb boavy breaths. Vide Visva:- वाष्पो मास्रोमो. दो गुणे यस्य तत् दिएर्ण, अद्विगुणं द्विगुण संपद्यमान कुन दागात. भूमवितानं घमार.

·•.92 ŠISUPĀLA VADHA quarrels. उत्काः क्तुं उत्कयितुं - उत्का+ णिच् + तुमुन्, तत्करोति तदाचष्ट इति णिय. अत्यन्त पटः पटीयान, पटु पटीयस् परिष्ठ सेन "पटीयसा. The Moon is skilful in bringing round angry ladies and making them favourably inclined towards Ravana. तस्य रतिं वितन्यता Further, the Moon increases his pleasure in love. The love-assistant also will be likewise. He will be FAA THE Wöll versed in fine arts. रहानभुचन् Re will never leave tho_house.of_his master. He will be clever in bringing. about_union between his hero and his consorts, and he will improvo in ovory possible way the pleasure of his master while the lattor is addiotod to. sexual sport. For क्ला, vide Vaijayanti:-काले शिल्पे वित्ताची चन्द्रशे फलने फला. For उस्क, vide Amera:-उत्क उन्मनाः. विदग्धलीलोचितदन्तपत्रिका- विधित्सया नूनमनेन मानिना । न जातु वैनायकमेकमद्धत विपाणमघापि पुनः प्ररोहति ॥६० ।। 60. Tho one tusk of Vinayaka which was vorily uprootod onco by this haughty porson with a viow to making ivory par-ornamonts suited to bts ladics of lovoly charm does not grow again .down to this day.

·FIRST CANTO 93. not विदग्धलीलोचित. Even Vinayaka was spared by Rāvaņa. 979: sprattata Frat A haughty Person. तेन मानिना. अनेन refers to Ravana. विदग्धा लीला पास ताः विदग्पलीलाः, तास उचिता दन्तपनिका, तस्या विधातुमिच्छया वेदग्पलीलोचितदन्तपत्रिकाविधिसया With a desire to make . ivory ear-ornaments for damsels of skilful play. In the place of विदग्धलीलोचित, Mallinatha suggests a botter reading विलासिनीविभ्रमदन्तपत्रिका. जानु Once upon A time. नूनं Surely. उदृतं Uprooted. विनायकस्य इदं वैनायकं. एक विषाण The fact that Lord Vinayaka has . only one tuak is availed of by the poet in showing the valour of Rāvana by exaggerating that the other tusk has beeen removed by Ravana. अद्यापि पुनःन प्ररोहति. निशान्तनारीपरिधानधूनन- स्फुटागसाप्यूरुष लोलचक्षुपः । प्रियेण तस्यानपराधबाधिताः प्रकम्पनेनानुचकम्पिरे सुरा ।। ६१॥ GL! The gods who were punished without gullt wero pitied by Váyu who committed a patent. guilt by raising the clothes of the ladies of his (Ravana's) barem and nonetheless endeared himsell to him (Råvana) who cast his wistful glances. at their thighs.

·+92 SISUPĀLAVADHA equarrels- उत्काः कर्नु उत्कयितुं - उत्का+णिय्+तुमुन्, तत्करोति तदाचष्ट इति णिच् . अत्यन्त परः परीयान्. पट पटीयस् पटिष्ठ तेन -पटीयसा. The Moon is skilful in bringing round angry ladies and making them favourably inclined towards Rayana. तस्य रति वितन्वता Further, the Moon increases his pleasure in love. The lave-assistant -also will be likewise. He will be फलामिः समप्र Vell versed in fine arts. गृहानमुयन् He will never leave the_house_of_his master. He will be clever in bringing. about_union between his hero and his consorts, and he will improve in ovory possible way thoplossuro of his master while the latter is addicted to sexual sport. For *t, vido Valjayanti: काले शिल्पे वित्तादी चन्द्रशे कलने कला. For उत्क vide Amara:-उत्क उन्मना.. विदग्धलीलोचितदन्तपत्रिका- विपित्सया नूनमनेन मानिना। न जात पेनायकमेकमद्धतं विषाणमपापि पुनः प्ररोहति ।। ६०॥ . 60. The ono tusk of Vinīgata which *AS vorily uprooted onco by this haughty porson with viow to making ivory car ornamonts multed to his ladies of lovely charm does not grow again down to this day.

·FIRST CANTO
97
कर्णाभ्यां राह वर्तन्त इति तैः सकर्णकः Snakes have no
ears separate from eyes. Now they began to
exorciso both. YHT. 457 The state of
being a serpent. A Tera yax:=å derived
from yat olen + 179+07 (ft). न भेजे Passive
perfect of भज. The state of serpents was given
up by sorpents. This suggests also the picture
of a
vile person becoming roformed out of
fear of punishment. He abandons his fault of
boing double-tongued i.e., speaking as best it suits
him, true or false. His vice of tale-bearing hits
hard another man's life. Wickod porsons generally
walk in a curved path i.e, their conduct is never
straight. But now they have begun to conduct
themselves properly. They have also become a Vio
governed by a loader for at : One who hoars
overything a governor. वर्णकेन सह वर्तन्त इति तै.
101.. Since the description of serpents in the
context suggests the picture of base
persons
mending their character, the figure of speech is
THIRTS. The metaphorical description of a wicked
tale-bearer as venomuus serpent is common in
Sankrit poetry. Vide the following sloka :-37
खलशुभहस्य विविनोऽयं वधक्रमः। अन्यस्य दशति श्रोतमन्यः प्राणवियुज्यते ॥
दीयमातङ्गपटाविघट्टितः
कटस्यलप्रोषितदानवारिमिः।

·96 SI8UPĀLAVADHA . परस्य मर्माविधनुज्झता निर्ज द्विजितादोपमजिझगामिभिः । तमिद्धमाराधयितुं सकर्णको फुलैन मेजे फणिनां भुजङ्गता ॥ ६३ ॥ 63. In order to ploaso him, the glorious one, they state of serpents was abandoned by tho hosts of serpents who gavo up their fault of being doublotongued • which injured the life of another, who. walked straight and exercised their oars. परस्य मर्माधिधं इ-इन्भ् + क (कर्तरि). से rofors to Rivapa, भाराधयितुं To please, Infinitive of purpo.c' of राधू with आ. परस्य, मम विष्यतीति मर्माविन तं ममाविष- मर्म+म्प + किए. The final vowel in tho first momber of a compound is lengthonod #hon its second part. consists of the dorivatives onding in रिप् of महरा सम्पप उन सद् and तन्. Vido Panini:-नदितिपिभिरवि. राहिननिषु को. नि रिजिमनायो दो दिगिदनादोर.छि परम स: सिगिड: A serpent in so-called, because it has ar doublo tonguo ora-tonguo with a doublo tip. Sorpe nts havo got the innato vico of emitting poison by thoir right or biting. That vico has been abandonod by them out of fear for Rienna. Tinat spil: ITOX aro tho hosts of serpents. #nd 9 a: अनिमामिभिः Saakos naturally run zigzag, but they began to run straight out of hb font. Further ·97 FIRST CANTO 0 वर्णाभ्या राह पर्तन्त इति तैः सकर्णकः Snakos havo Do oars soparate from eyes. Now thoy began to oxerciso both. "भुतस्य भारः भुजागा The state of boing serpont. 7 raia yax: -- Å derived from 1 TRAI + + (for). न भेजे Passive perfect of भज. The stato of serpents was given up by corponts. This suggests also the picturo of vilo porson becoming reformed-out-of föar of punishmont. Ho abandons his fault of boing double-tongued i.o., spozking as bost it suits Lim, true or faleo. His vico of talo-honring bits hord nnother man's lifo. Wicked porsons gonorally walk in a curvod path i.e, their conduct is novor straight. But now they have bogun to conduct thomselves properly. Thoy havo also bocomo 727 govornod by a leader FATTI EF. Ono who hears överything--a govornor. वर्णन सह पर्तन्त इति : :. Since tho description of sorpents in tho context suggests tlio picturo of baso Perrons mending their character, the figure of speech is info Tho mctaphorical description of a wicked talo-bearer venomuus corpcnt is common in Sonkrit rootry Vido the following bloka रामभुगारपशिस्त्रिोऽवपमः। मन्यरय पानि धोकसन्यागते । सदीयमातगपटाविपतिः Porsglagrantin: 1 7 ng ·100 SIGUPĀLAVADHA 66. Tho'rainy season along with the summor, the dowy season together with tho autumn, and the frigid season combining with the charm of the spring-at all times all the seasons putting forth a profusion of flowers attained the status of domiciled bousebolders in his city. तपेन वर्षाः. अस्य पुरे प्रातकः सदा वास्तव्ययुटुम्रितां ययुः- 3764 rofers to Rāvana. Henco gt refers to Lankā. 9: All the six seasons. uci Always, not in order Or separately in their respectivo turng. The Rtus. remained in his city always to avoid the disploasure of Rävaņa. ardia 714727: = 744aa4a in thoactivo significance. Vide Pāṇini:-Themift foru. वास्तव्याच ते युटुम्पिनय, तेपो भावः तत्ता तो वास्तम्यकुटुम्भिताम् . The status of resident citizens or householdorg. domiciled permanontly. agPerfect 3rd person plural of ar to go or reach. How are the Rtus ? प्रसूनाना फ्लक्षि प्रसूनक्लप्ति. दधतः Plural of दधर Present. participle of 4 to bear, 3rd conjugation, Parasnai. pada in the masculino. T+1579:- :. 87 or 8T togotbor with or F in Sandhi becomos at. Vide Pāṇini :-*.. Tbo seasons yiolded & plentiful crop of nowors. Flowers of all seasons woro found always. How can tho ķtus be said to becomo frag? At ani: 93. In tho threo pairs montioned in the first half of tho vorso, caro is token by tho poot to group to most conflicti, ·FIRST CANTO 101 40881 together, and also to see that each of such pairs consists of a noun in the masculine and a noun in tho feminino. 79 means the Summer. It is masculine. With that auf: feminine meaning the Winter is clubbed together. Likewise RATTA Tho advent of snow in the dewy season, masculino is clubbed together with TT Autumn, feminide. So also ART:, the cold soason, masculino, is huddlod to a7**, the zenith of the Spring, fominine. शरदा हिमागमः रामेय, वरान्तलम्या शिशिरः समेत्य च, समस्या Indeclinablo Past participle of with 8 to unito. It modifies tho predicato : The figure of speech in this vorso is onaadife inaymuch as the poot oxnggoratos tbat all the different seasons co-existed in Lauku. Shre VIDE अमाना जातमजं कुले मनो: प्रमापिनं मापिनमन्तमात्मना । एमांच जाननापि जानकी न पर सदाभिमानकपना हि मानिनः ॥ ६७ ॥ CCE 67. Who, though knowing you as superman and yet born in the race of Nanu and as a powerful, futuro deathblow to hinself, did not relcaso tho daughter of Janaka, Of couro prestigo is always tho only wealth of those wo halo A BO'O of prido ·102 ŚISUPALAYADHA अमानवं. The said Ravana misbehaved towards you, and was ultimately killed by you. यः (भवन्तं) understood. जानन्नपि जानकी न मुमोथ. He did not leave off Sītā_though he knew you. He know you as what mu अमानवं. मनोरयं मानः- मनु अण्. Vide Panini:--तस्येदम्. It must not be dissolved as मनोरपत्यं. In that case the form will be मनुष्य or मानुष. Vide Panint:-मनो- र्जातावञ्यतो घुक् च. न मानवः अमानव: Superhuman., Furthor you are अजः, न जातः भजन+जन्+3. Vide Panini- अन्ये वपि दृश्यते. (तथापि) मनोः कुले जातं. मनु was the first king of the solar race. Vide Raghuvamsa:-वैवखती मनु म माननीयो मनीषिणाम् । आसीन्महीक्षितामायः प्रणवश्छन्दसामिव ।।. The antithesis is between one not belonging to Manu and one belonging to the_race of Manu. between.one never born and one born. Tho idea is that you took your birth as Rūmna in Manu's raco and slow Rāvana. Rāvana know you also as Own Blayer. अमीक्षण प्रभवतीति प्रभावी-प्र-भू+मिनि. Vide Panini:-यहुलमामीक्ष्म्ये. All-mighty. भविष्यतीति भावी = भू+गिनि. Futuro participle. भाyि is included in the Ta group which takog forfa in tho futuro significance. Vido Panini:-मविष्यति गम्यादय.. आत्मनः or himself. अन्त. अन्तं करोति अन्तः-- अन्त+पि+अन्. Vids Vartika:-प्रातिपदिकादावर्षे यहुलमिटश्य which sana ctions पिन्. अय् is added to it as one after पमानित माग Present participle of शा, 9th conjugation, of Even though bo know the Parasmaipada. might of Riran. अनरसापय मी गान-सनर +म+र fis ·103 FIRST CANTO तो जानकी न मुमाघ Perfect 3rd person singular of मुच्. Why did ho not leave her? For the sake of prestige. हि Because. मानः एषामस्तीति मानिन: Persons who have self-respect. सदा, अमिमानः एकं धनं ये ते भाभिमानकधनाः Since a particular fact is substantiated by a general statement, the figure of speech is अर्थान्तरन्यास. स्मरत्यदो दाशरथिर्मवन्मवा- न बनान्ताद्वनितापहारिणम् । पयोधिमापद्धचलज्जलाधिलं विलय लछो निकपा हनिष्यति ॥ ६८॥ 68. Do you remember this as the son of Dabaratba, you crossed the Occan divided by your bund and rulliod by tho rolling waters; and in tho vicinity of Lankā, you blow him who carriod away your spouso from the woods ? सरस्यदो. भर भवान् रगरति is to be treated asp question by tho e or intonation. Do you remembor this ? Tho rest of tho verso is a gontonco, tho meaning of which is the object of रनरनि. Tbo 3rd perron in रमणी is because of the usoof मवान्, though tho moaning is 'You'. TYT +593. Vido Unadi. mitrn:-भारी: म. Thly, a pronoun put in apposi. tion with tho scntenco cororing tho rest of tho bloka Remember what? म निठी That roukilled hlam ·104 ŠIŠUPĀLAVADRA A subsidiary predicate in the significance of 7 Inperfect i.e. 37 na past removed from to-day, will take the terminations of the 2nd Future if the principal predicato governing the same denotes remembrance or recognition. Vide Pāņini :-mit- ज्ञावचने लर. The sentence should not bo amplified as हनिष्यतीति यत् अदः सरति. For, when यत् is used as a connecting link, the employment of a will be prohibited by Panini --न यदि. हनिप्यति therefore here moans 276. It should be noted that Imperfect itself is overruled by me, and therefore it will be a mistake to use the ze. Where did you kill him ? लङ्का निकपा. Tris an Indeclinable meaning 'near', and the noun governed by it will take the accusative case. Vide Pānini :-:f1:49farmigrala grasa. What did you become for the purpsoo of killing him. दशसु दिक्षु (अप्रतिहतः) रयः यस्य सः दशरथः, तस्यापरयं पुमान् GATTI:=17*+29. Vide Pāṇini :- 9. भवन् Present participle of 4. Vide Pāṇini :-9714 44:. Becoming the son of Daśaratha, you slow him. After doing what ? 31774 371 57 fa gota : आवद्धबलग्जलः, अत एव आदिलथ तं आयाघलग्नालापिलं. Tho Ocean is rendorod miry on account of the erection of tho bund and the consoquent currenty of water. 99: 90 E 9970: ~ 995+41+ft.. था becomes घि when it govorns an object used as Upapada and when the afatit or a place or repository is intonded पिटाप to be conveyed. Vido Punini – tờ g.

·105 FIRST CANTO After crossing the Ocean. What did Rāvana do to .merit death at your hands? यनस्य अन्तः तस्मात् यनान्तात् From tho Dandaka fore-t. दनितामपहर तीति तं वनितापहा- ftoi Ho stealthily took away your wifo. F: refors totho killing of Rivana. भवान् सारति ? अथोपपत्ति छलनापरोऽपरा. मवाप्य शैलूप इवैप भूमिकाम् । तिरोहितात्मा शिशुपालमंजपा प्रतीयते संप्रति सोऽप्यमः परः ॥ ६९ ।। 69. Then this luy pocrito taking anothor form just liko an nctor taking anothor dress, conccnling himself under tho guiso of Sikupāla, though Idontical, is now takon by others to boadifforont ono. artriit. This verso deals with the ro-birth of Rivann os siupila. 37 After Rivana left his Tody as such. #sf At present. एरना पण यश्य रा: 7. Rivann. 1-77: Actor. Vido Visvaidzfatzat. Etian Liho tho qui-a of a character. Vido Viva:-गमा रगनाया स्पागनापर. अपराम् 7 A different birth. भा, किरा :नि मला agen. fit: मा परम निजामा loso perion i hidden by the name of Situpila i... wlio ir masquerading as Siinpsl. EThoudai ho hthosame riragar -16 ·106 BIŚUPALAYADHA seen by others as a different one. An actor playing the part of different characters appears different. at different times. Similarly Rāvana now having taken a human body appears to be difforont. But be is the samo. Note the sandhi :14:+- एप भूमिका. 59: and #: drop their final visarga in Sandhi when followed by a consonant, provided the visarga is not preceded by #, and the said two words do not form part of a compound one of whogo mombors is tho nogative particle . Vide Pāṇini:- ganat: plats#THÈ ETC. In Bia:+97: the visarga after #: does not drop, because : thoro forms part of a PETE. प्रतीयते Passive prosont of a with प्रति to know. Change the voice--97 2946 afauf-a. विरोहित face +*+-+- FT. Vide Panini :-दधातेहिः. स पाल आसीद्वपुपा चतुर्भुजो मुखेन पूर्णेन्दुनिभस्त्रिलोचना। युवा कराकान्तमहीभृदुष्चकै- रसंशयं संप्रति तेजसा रविः ॥ ७० ॥ 70. As a boy bo was possessed of four hands in body, and in his faco ho rosomblod tho Full Moon and had thres oyos. And now 88 O. tho kings pado to pay tributo, through his superior prowong ho ia no doubt tho Sun extending bis beams oror mountains. youth, with ·FIRST CANTO 107 स पाल आसीत्, स: Sisupāla. वालः (सन्) While s . boy. दपुपा, चत्वारो भुजा. यस्य सः चतुर्भुजः Possessed of four hands in his body. The suggestion is that he is as powerful as the four-armed Lord Vishnu. Imperfect 3rd person singular of 377. Fur- मुखेन, त्रीणि लोचनानि यस्य सः त्रिलोचन: In His face ho I three syos. Bence ho resembled Lord Siva. rther पूर्णश्वासो इन्दुश्च पूर्णेन्दुः, तेन राहशः पूर्णेन्दुनिभः, निम inot be usod separately. It will como only as latter part of a compound. Vido Amara :- उत्तरपदे स्वामी, निभाशनीकाशप्रतीकाशोपमादयः. Ho resembles 8 Moon. संप्रति Now. युवा (सन) Being syouth. शय Undoubtedly. उचकैः तेजसा रविः (अस्ति) iy valour he is the San. How? करैण आकान्ता- हीभूतः येन कराक्रान्तमद्दीमृत् Kings obliged to pay tribute to him. The Sun also spreads over mountains with his rays. # means both a ray and tribute, and wear both a king and a mountain. उच्च Indeclinable, adjectival to लेजराा. पुपा A noun denoting a dofootivo s by reason of which a metamorphosia come over the anti-t, takes the Instrumontal caso. Vide Panini:-येनाविकार. विकार or defect causing matamorphosis includes both a deficiency and an outgrowth. Hence the तृतीया in पपुषा. सेबसा. सेन is included in the प्रत्यादि group which takog tbe Instrumental wbon qualifying another Vide Panini :~-प्रात्यादिभ्य उपसंप्यानम्. In tho, Sentence वपुषा पा ज. there is धनि. Also in मुसेन निलोचनः सः are Doun.

·108 ŠIŠUPĀLAVADHA . In पूणेन्दुनिभः there is उपमा. In असंशयं तेजसा रविः there is उत्प्रेक्षा which is aided by श्लेर in राशन्तमहीमृत्, [n_this verse Siśupāla is compared to the four gods, -Vishnu, Siva, the Moon and the Sun. The idea is that he is therefore extraordinarily powerful. As regards the story of Śıśupāla having four hands and three eyes and their disappearance, soo tho following extract:- शिशुपालः पुरा जातस्विनेत्रश्च चतुर्भुजः । पितरी वाथ तं दृष्ट्वा हातुं वै चक्नुमतिम् ॥ उपचाराथ नमसि वागेत्रमशरीरिणी। नैप त्याज्यो महाराज श्रीमान् पौरो भविष्यति ॥ स चारय पधको भावी यं दृष्ट्रा निपतिभ्यतः। पाहू ने च सहसा तदुद्धा पान्यतामयम् ॥ स्वयं विधाता सुरदैत्यरक्षसा- मनुग्रहायग्रहपोर्यहच्छया। दशाननादीनमिराद्धदेवता- वितीर्णवीर्यातिशयान् हमत्यस॥७१ ॥ 71. Himsolſ disponsins favours and frowns of his own accord to Daras, Asurag and R she lio ridicules Rivana and othors who had their euperior valour granted them by tho gods that had boon propitiated.

·FIRST CANTO 109 Rāvāna: स्वयं विधाता. He even surpasses Rivane and others. यहच्या स्वयं According to his own free will, Tot out of powers conferred by any deity as सुराध त्याचा रक्षासि च तेषां सुरदत्यरक्षसा fo Devas, Asuras and Rakshasas. अनुप्रहय अनग्रहश्य, तयोः अनुमहावग्रहयो: Favour and punishmont. विधाता वि-भा + तृञ् (तरि ) Doer. असो Sisupāla. दशाननः आदिः येषां तान् दशाननादीन् Ravana and the rest. इसति Ridicules. How are Rāvana, and others ? अमिराद्वाध ना देवताच, तामिः वितीण: वीर्यस्य अतिशयः येषां तार अभिरावदेवतावितरणनीविशयान्, Their superior valaur is conferred by the grace of gods, who propitiated. But Siśupāla is powerful by himself. वितीर्ण = वि-तृ + क (वर्मणि). Other examples:-कृ कीर्ण, जजीर्ण, शृ भीर्ण. Vids Panini:-प्रत इातो. and रदाम्यो- निष्ठातोमः पूर्वस्य तु द.. पलावलेपादधुनापि पूर्वय- स्वाध्यते तेन जगजिगीपुणा । सतीच योपित्प्रकृतिः सुनिश्चला पुमांसमभ्येति भवान्तरेष्वपि ।। ७२ ।। wero 9-0 72. Even now as before, through his haughti. ness duo to strength the world is sacked by him who is intent on a grandisement. Steady inner datore, like a chasto wifo, follows a man even in otber births 4 ·-110 $ISUPĀLAVADHA . . घलावलेपात्. जेतुमिच्छुः जिगीषु: desiderative Bctiv form of जि. तेन जिगीषुणा. तेन By Sisupala desirou of aggrandisoment. पूर्वमिद पूर्ववत् अधुनापि जगत्, बरु भवलेपः तस्मात् बलावलेपात्. प्रण बाध्यते प्रवाध्यते. As in hi birth as Rāvaga, so in his birth as Silupāla, be teases the people. सती means पतिनता. इव Like a chaste wife. मुनिश्चला प्रकृति: Deep-rooted character अन्ये भवाः भवान्तराणि. Vide Panini:-मयूरयंसकादयय. तेथे भवान्तरेपु. भपि In other births. पुमास अभ्येति Follow (reaches ) a man. Vide Manu:-पति था नागियरति मनोवाकायसंयता। सा भर्लोक्मामोति सद्भिः साध्वीति चोच्यते ॥. वदेनमुल्लवितवासनं विधे. विधेहि कीनाशनिकेतनातिथिम् । शुमेतराचारविपवित्रमापदो विपादनीया हि सवामसाधकः ॥ ७३ ॥ So make this porson who has transcondod tho will of Proridonce & guost to tho obodo of Death. For, wicked men whoso adversity ripens by their own wicked acts ought to be destroyod by the virtuous. तदेनमुलहित. सत् Indoclinable meaning सम्मार thorefore, for: Gopitivo singular of faf foto. उएक्षितं शागनं येन तं सदिवसासनं. Though for: and पागन are mutually expectant, and tho completeness of tho idos in tho compound will not bo availablo 73.

·FIRST CANTO 111 unless they are both road togothor, tho compound. is pormissible-on the principle सापेक्षत्वेऽपि गमकत्वात्समास , already explained एन 1s an alternative form of एत but can be used only in cases of अन्वादेश 10, when a particular object 18 first mentioned in order to predicate something and the same is repeated for predicating another thing Vide Bhattoji under द्वितीयाटौरवेन -किंचित्कार्य विधातुमुपास्य कार्या तरं विधात पुनरुपादान- मन्यादेश poi cofers to Sisupala That he has transcended the dictates of gods has been already fully brought out in the sloka -रवय विधाता वीनाश Yama तस्य निकेतन, तर अतिथि कीनाशनिकेतनातिथि विधेहि Imperative 2nd person singular of Twith fa to make ET becomes before and does not get reduplication though bolonging to the 3rd conugation Vide Panini -सारेशावभ्यासलीपश्च Why should he be slain, and particularly by you ? Tifa- तर , स चामो आचारश्च, तेन विपक्त्रिमा आपदो येषां ते शुभेतराचार विपक्सिमापद विपाक्न निता विपक्तिमा Roots which aro mentioned in 1781913 with as a like 994 77, डम् परणे इ वप वीजसनाने take नि In भावार्थ When fr 18 added to a root # will be further added wlien the meaning तेन निवृत्त is intended Vide ramn] -वित कित्र and मंत्रिय Hence पक्निम, पत्रिम कृत्रिम and so on. असाधव विपादनीया Wicked people must be hilled Their doath is brought about by thoir own Disconduct. Hence the porson who bulls is only an instrument, not the principal cause सना निपानीया It is also possible to ·112 ŠIBUPĀLAVADHA say सतिः विपादनीया:. In juxtaposition with predicates ending in que terminations, the doer can be used either in the Instrumental or Genitive case. Vide Panini:-वृत्चानां तारे वा. विपादनीय is derived from the causal of 2 with Ê by adding aft27 (Krtys suffix). हृदयमरिवधोदयादुव- द्रढिम दधातु पुनः पुरन्दरस्य । घनपुलकपुलोमजाकुचान- द्रुतपरिरम्मनिपीडनक्षमत्वम् ।। ७४ ॥ 74. Let the breast of Indra resuming firmness due to the slaughter of his foe, again attain ite. fitness to be hugged in hasty ombrace by tho tips of Sachi's breasts thickly abounding in hair standing on thoir ends. हृदयमरि. अरेः यथः तस्य उदयः तस्मात् परियोदया। शत्रुनाशलामात्. उदः द्रढिमा येन तत् उदाढिम. उद्-उद्-वह + क.दृढस्य मावः ढिमा = इ+इमनिच्. Vide Panini :--पृथ्यादिभ्य इमनिया. 3 becomes a by the rule:- तो इलादेलपो:- पुरः (Accusative plural) दारयतीनि पुरंदरः-पूर + ++ सच्. Vido Panini:-गर्वयोरिसदोः and पायमपुरंदरी च. तस्य पुरंदरस्य Indra's. हदय Breast. पुन: Again. पुलकः ययौस्ती चनपुलयी. पुलोमामाा पुलोमा, तस्याः यो, धन- पुलको च सो पुलोमजाउचो च, तयोः अप्रे, तयोः दुतः परिरम्मः, तस्मिन् निपीटन, तस्य धर्म, तस्य भावः सं पनपुटपुलोमगारपामारी- रामनिपीडनक्षमा. Imperativo 3rd - porson ·113 FIRST CANTO singular of 91. Lat Indra come back to prosperity and indulge in sport as beforo by the slaughter of Sišupāla. ओमित्युक्तवतोऽथ शाह्मिण इति व्याहृत्य वाचं नम- स्तसिनुत्पतिते पुरा सुरमुनाविन्दो श्रियं विप्रति । शवणामनिशं विनाशपिशुनः मुद्धस्य चैवं प्रति व्योम्नीव भ्रुकुटिच्छलेन वदने केतुश्चकारास्पदम् ॥७५॥ इति माघकृती शिशुपालपधे महाकाव्ये ४ यके कृष्णनारदसंभाषणं नाम प्रथमः सर्गः॥ 75. Amen' did the Lord say when having spoken thoso words, the divine sage rose up in the aky, bearing the lustre of the Moon in front. Then as in the sky, so on the face of the Lord enraged at the lord of Chedis, there appeared under the pretext of the knitting of eyebrows the Comet which always indicated tho dostruction of foes. मोमित्युक्तयतोऽय. तस्मिन् मुरमुनी इति वार्च व्याहृत्य नमः उत्पतिते, पुरः In front. इन्दोः श्रिय विभूति (सति) Locative absoluto. When the divine 8350 rose up in the sky aftor speaking thus and bore tho lustre of the Moon in front. अथ On bearing the sage's words. ओम् an intoriection donoting approval. Vide visvar- खों प्रती रोपे. इति उकातः The Lord promisod todo 8 ·114 SISUPALAVADHA the sage's word. शागिः शामस्यास्तीति शाी तस्य- How is the Lord ? atat <= a:= + R, When a. word means both a ruler and a country, all Taddbita. suffixes which aro onjoined in the meaning of an eu or issue can be added to it also in the meaniog of ruler. af means both a ruler and the country. In the sense of issue the suffix 46 will come by the rulo: युद्धकोसलादाभ्य. When a word denoting a ruler and a country ends in tho suffix 527 may be addod in the sense of issue. Fence 49. This can thorefore be used to denote the ruler also according to the previous rule. Na Faro The Lord was enraged at the lord of Chedis. #: TETT. The Comet made its apperance on his face. How ? तेन भृकुटिच्छलेन Under the pretext of knitting of eyebrows. The poet says that what. appeared is really a comet, but it took tbo namo of ETR. Of course the poet moans the reverso. The appeared like a comot. A comot generally indicatos. & disastor. The comet which took tho form of tho Lord's wife always indicates the destruction of foos शत्रूणाम् मनिशं विनाशपिशुनः. पियन literally taleboaring, is ordinarily used to donoto 'indicative of." Wboro did this comet opposr ? In the Lord's face which is liko tho sky. 1 In tho sky tho or comet appears. This comet oppoared in tho Lord's faco. For tho differont meanings of t, 606 Amarida qatat selesai. following * 10 com- ES ·FIRST CANTO 115 pound takes the initial augment ge when it denotes a place for preserving ope's own body Vide Panin - भास्पद प्रतिष्ठायाम् Vrtti-37142779712 स्थाने मुट् निपात्यते, Ygākhya-3148147 TOCHTETET EU 77977 aleant मुडित्यर्थ । प्रतिष्ठायां किं। मा पदात् मापद The poet observes in this Karya the practice of mentioning Tae in the closing stanza of every canto just as Bharavi mentions in the concluding stantza of every carga in Kırātārzuniya The duminant Rasa in tars Kavya is Vira (heroic) Raudra Rasa (frightful) can be used as its auxiliary, Krodha or anger 19 the Sthayı bhava of Raudra, and that is brought out in this bloka It 18 fully brought into play by the uż which is an of the By site is indicated the Lords the which 18 the fire of at In इन्दो प्रिय विभ्रति the figure of speech is faciat In aparte esitate the figure 18 399 In धुरी लेन केन the figure of speech 19 मपद्धति or सापळवोप्रेक्षा Dandın says that at the end of Bargas, the metro must be changed That is why the metres in the last two verses differ from tho principal metre in the gargs सौरनतिधिरती श्रन्यास पुसधिभिः। at foraga (1 11 End of the First Canto ·PROSODY A SLOKA consists of four pādas or feet. For the purpose of scanning metres, eight Gaņas aro recognized in Sanskrit, each Gana consisting of three syllables. Their names and definitions are set. forth in the following verse. आदिमध्यावसानेषु यरता यान्ति लाघवम् । भजसा गौरवं यान्ति मनौ तु गुरुलाघवे॥ The यगण, रगण and तगण are short in their firstr second and third syllables respectively, the other two syllables in each being long. The TT, TTT and my are long in their first, second and third syllables respectively, the other two syllables id oach being short. In tho tot and it all the three syllables aro long and short respectively. 36 is the Sanskrit word for a long syllablo, and my for a short syllable. The essence of 8 syllable is a vowol. All 6 or short vosols go to mako up 7. or sliort syllables, and all #8 or long vowels go to make up or long syllables. All short vowols followed by a conjunct consonant, Anusvāra or Visar- Ca or at the end of a pāda aro docmod tu bo long- - H ·117" PROSODY Vrttas may be either समवृत्त or अर्धसमवृत्स or विषमवृत्त. In Samavrtta metros, all the four foot contain the same number of syllables In the Ardhasamavrtta metres the first and third quarters contain the same number of syllables, and similarly the second and the fourth quarters, the first and second feet asalso tho third and fourth feot are not equal in the number of syllables In tho Vishamavrtta metres, all the four feet are dissimular in size Vide the following extract from Vrttaratnākara सममर्धसम गृत्त विषम च तथापरम् ।। अघ्रयो यस्य चत्वारस्नुल्यलक्षणलक्षिता । तच्छ द शास्ततत्त्वज्ञा सर्म वृत्तं प्रचक्षते ॥ प्रथमाघ्रसमो यस्य तृतीयधरणो भवेत् । द्वितीयस्तुर्यपट्टत्त तदर्धसममु यते ॥ यस्य पादचतुष्केऽति लक्ष्म मिन्न परस्परम् । तदाहुर्विषम वृत्त छन्दशास्त्रविशारदा ॥ The principal meto in the First canto of Mugha 18 वशरथ Slokas l to 73 are in this motre 1 यशस्थ 18 रामवृत्त metro with 12 syllables in 1 quartor It consists of four ganas-ज, त,ज and र. Each quartor will run like this .... प्रिय धीमति शामिज गा Definition अती तु यशरपमुरित गरी ·118 SISUPĀLAVXDHA .. 2. पुप्पितामा is an अर्घसमत metre with 12 sylla- 'bles in each of the Ist and 3rd padas and 13 syllsbles in the 2nd and 4th pādas as per the following •definition :-अयुजि नयुगरेफ्तो यकारो युजि तु नजी जरगाथ पुष्पि -तामा. Tho oddrquartors consist of two नगम, रगण, and यगण, and the even quarters consist of नगण, two जगणs, The and one guru. Each of the halves of a verse in पुरिपनामा will run thus:- - Example: हदसमरित्रयोदयादुदाडिम दपातु पुनः पुरंदरस्स. Canto I verso 74 3. शार्दूलविक्रीडित is a समयत motre with 19 syllar bles in a quarter, and has been defined thus: 272 राजस्तताः सगुरवः शार्दूलविक्रीडितम् . It consists of मगण, सगण, जगण, सगण, तगs and guru. Each of the foct of a verso in this metre will run thus:-- Example: ओनियुष्यतोऽप यानि इति व्याहत्य पार्य नमः. Couto 1 vergo 75 ·INDEX OF VERSES Page Pages अजसमास्फालित अथ प्रयत्नोन्नमिता अयोपपत्ति छलनापरो अनन्यगुस्तिव केन अमीक्ष्णमुष्णरपि तस्य अभूदभूमिः प्रतिपक्ष अमानवं जातमज कुले अशक्नुवन् सोढुमधीर भशेषतीर्थोपट्टता इति ध्रुवन्तं तमुवाच उदासितार निगृहीत उदीर्णरागप्रतिरोधक उपप्लुत पातुमदो मदो ओमित्युक्तवतोऽय शार्षिण करोति कमादिमही क्लासमग्रेण गृहा कृतः प्रजाक्षेमकृना प्रजा गत तिरधीनमनूरु गतस्पृहोऽप्यागमन समस्चिषामित्यवपारित पालपर्यातसहस्र तमिन्द्रसदिष्टमुपेन्द्र 21 तदीयमातघटा 28 तदेनमुहवितशासन 105 तपेन वर्षाः शरदा 56 तमयमयादिक्या 98 तिरस्कृतस्तस्य जनाभि 65 दधानमम्भोरह 101 दिशामधीशवितुरो 83 न यावदेतायुदपश्य 35 नवानधोऽयो वृहतः 51 निजीजमोजासयितु 53 निदाघधामानमिवाधि 52 निवर्स सोऽनुवजतः 61 निवेशयामामिय हेल 113 निशान्तनारीपरिधान 63 निसर्गचित्रोग्जल 91 पतत्पत प्रतिमसपो 48 परस्य मर्माविषमुज्झता 6 परेतभर्तुमहिषोऽमुना 50 पिशङ्गमौजीयुज 9 पुराणि दुर्गानि 47 पुरीमपस्कन्द हनीहि 64 प्रतापिमानिर्भ 97 110 99 29 95 14 68 31 11 60 43 25 55 93 19- 26 96 88 15 69. 79 ·Page 84 “प्रभुईमपुर्भुवनत्रयस्य "प्रवृत्त एव स्वयमुरिझत बलावपादधुनापि धृहन्टिलानिष्टुरकण्ठ “महामहानीलशिला युगान्तकालप्रतिसं -रणदिरापनया रणेषु तस्य प्रहिताः रयालपाणेः पटटेन सपूकरिप्यातिभार विदग्पालीलोचितदन्त पिपाय तस्यापचिति विनोदमिन्छनय दर्प विभिमरा कटुपी पिलोग्नेनैव तवामुना :विहाराजार 76 थियः पतिः श्रीमति 64 सकाश्चने यन्त्र 109 सटासटामिन्नपनेन 'स तप्तकार्तस्वरभास्वरा 32 42 स याल आसीद्वपुषा समत्सरेणामुर इत्यु 23 88 समुत्क्षिपन्यः पृथिवी 39 सलीलयातानि न भर्नु 59 स संचरिष्णुर्मुवनान्तरेषु 92 सितं सितिम्रा मुतरी 34 स्पृशन्सशः समये 74 स्मरत्यदो दाशरथि 86 स्वयं विधाता पुरदैल 49 हरवर्ष संप्रति हेतु 17 हृदयमारिवमोत्या