·No text on this page.

·UNIVERSAL
LIBRARY
OU_184044
LIBRARY
UNIVERSAL

·No text on this page.

·No text on this page.

·No text on this page.

·ओ३म्
THE ATHARVA-PRĀTISĀKHYAM
OR
THE PHONETICO-GRAMMATICAL APHORISMS
OF
THE ATHARVA-VEDA
CRITICALLY EDITED
For the Alar' LINIO
IM ORIGINAL MSS.
WITH AN INTRODUCTION AND APPENDICES
BY
VISHVA BANDHU VIDYARTHI S'ASTRI, M.A., M.O.L.
PRINCIPAL DAYANANDA BRĀHMA MAHĀVIDYĀLAYA, LAHORE.
(Formerly Sanskrit Research Scholar of the Panjab University,)
PART I.
PUBLISHED BY THE PANJAB UNIVERSIT;,
1923.

·Printed by Ramchandra Yesu Shedge, at the 'Nirnaya-sagar' Press,
23, Kolbhat Lane, Bombay.
Published by A. C. Woolaer Esq., M. A. ( Dean, Paojab University),
Lahore.

·Base अथर्व-पातशाख्यम् । तच्चाप्रकाशितचरम् अथर्वसंहिताया लक्षणग्रन्थानामन्यतमं सूत्ररत्नं विविधविषयया भूमिकयान्वितं नैकपरिशिष्ट- चक्रेण चोपस्कृतम् । लवपुरीयदयानन्दब्राह्ममहाविद्यालयाचार्येण, अतःपूर्व पक्षा- विश्वविद्यालये संस्कृतानुसन्धानिकेन, एम्. ए. एम. ओ. एल्., इत्युपाधिधारिणा विद्या पाह्न विश्ववन्धुशास्त्रिणा पश्चनद विश्वविद्यालयस्यव्ययेन तद्ध्यक्षवुलनर- महानुभावानुमत्या च नानादर्शपुस्तकाधारण सटिप्पणं सम्पादितम् प्रथमोऽयं भागः मुम्बापुर्य्या निर्णयसागरे निर्णयं नीतः वैक्रमान्दः १९७९] [सनान्द: १९२३

·No text on this page.

·मातृचरणारविन्दस्मृती समर्पयामि ॥

·No text on this page.

·CONTENTS Pago. 1. Introduction 1-38 1 I. (a) Description of Mss. (b) Families of Mss. 7 II. About the text 9 11 13 13 14 16 III. History and title IV. Subsequent instalments V. The A. V. Prātis'ākhya and Caturadhyāyikā VI. The Prātis'ākhya and A. V. Samhita VII. Nature of the treatise VIII. Authorship and date A. History of the Vedārgas B. Position of the Prātis'ākhyas C. Pāṇini and the Prātis'ākhyas D. The A. V. Prātis'ākhya IX. Division and Subject-matter X. Acknowledgement 18 19 22 I. 24 32 35 ... 38 2. The text ४१-५६ ... LVII O.. 3. Appendices I. Alphabetical index to the Sūtras II. Word-index to the Sūtras LIX LXIV LXXIV III. List of technical terms IV. Tabulated Index to Atharyan Passages cited or referred to in the Text. V, Gana-indox to the Sūtras LXXVII

·No text on this page.

·INTRODUCTION, I(a) Description of Manuscripts. The following manuscripts have been used for bringing out the text of the Atharva-Veda Prūtis'ākhya. I(K) (No. 12/1870–71, Deccan College, Library, Poona); No. 396/1916. It contains six leaves; a page has got ten lines with twenty-six letters to a line. It consists of three Prapāthakas. The first Prapāthaka comprises three sections (args ) with eighteen, fifteen, and fourteen aphorisms respectively. The four sections of the Second Book contain fifteen, twenty-one, twenty-eight, and eighteen Sūtras respectively. There are twenty-two, thirty-three, twenty, and seven Sütras respectively in the four sections forming the Third Book. Thus there are in all 221 Sūtras in the treatise according to this codex, It is written in Devanāgari script on country-paper. It is legible and correct. It uses red-powder for the demarcation of the end of the Pādas. It was written in Samvat, 1718. The colophon at the end imforms us that it was written by one, Bhavadatta, son of Nāgajit, and grandson of Rāmcandra. This last was also known as Pañcakālapi and belonged to Kevālaya.

·2 Owing to its intrinsic merits, it serves as the basis for the present edition. It will be referred to as K, the first letter of the place of its origination. II (A) (No. 179/1880-81, Deccan College Library); No. 400/1916, Bhandarkar Institute, Poona. It contains five leaves. There are eight lines on every page with thirty-two letters to a line. The division into Prapathakas and Pūdas in this, and, in fact, in every other manuscript, is the same. It is written in Devanāgari characters on country paper. It is correctly written and in bold letters. One orthographic peculiarity requires to be mentioned, ai (g) and āu (sit) are regularly denoted by the signſ, placed before a syllable ending with them and the marks ( - ) and (7) are appended thereto. This may be illustrated by means of an example. Thus at III. 2. 23, orrut is an orthographic equivalent of orat. This codex contains eight other works besides the Prütis'ākhya. The first twenty-four pages are entirely damaged. The Prūtis'ākhya, however, is complete. It is placed before Chandas'citi (grafia), the last work in the series, and occupies leaves 66–70. The colophon at the close of the Chandas'citi (grafat), runs follows:- संवत् १७१७ वर्षे भाद्रपदमासे कृष्णपक्षे ११ रविवा- सरे अघ श्री अनहलपुरपत्तनमध्ये वास्तव्यं आभ्यंतर नागर as ·शातीय पंचोली सोमजीसुत बृहस्पति जी पठनार्थ ॥ शुभं भवतु । कल्याणमस्तु ॥ श्री॥ श्री॥ श्री॥ From this it is gathered that the manuscript was written at Anahalapur for the use of Brhaspti. On this account it will be called, A. III (a) (No. 401/1916, Bhandarkar Institute, Poona). It contains four leaves. Every page has eight lines with thirty letters to a line. It is written in Devanāgari letters on country paper. It is bold, legible and fairly correct. Three other works are included in the same number. The Prūtis'ākhya is complete and here, also, has been arranged before Chandas citi (छन्दश्चिति) the last work. The ending colophon runs as follows: संवत् १७५३ वर्षे चैत्र शुदि २ रवौ अद्ये श्री अनहील- पुरपत्तने वास्तव्यं आभ्यंतर झातीय तुलापुरश ब्रह्मांडमहा महादानादि अतिहद्रकाऽऽहिताग्नी पंचकृत्वचातुर्मास्या जित्रिपावि श्री अनंतजी सुत व्रजभूषणेन श्री सांबशिर्पण बुध्यासि ख्यापितमिदं परोपकाराय ॥ The Prītis'ākhya occupies leaves 70-74a of the manuscript. From the above interesting, though very badly constructed excerpt, it is learnt that this codex also was written at Anhil. pur, a generation later than A. The writer belonged to the same school and probably came from the same family. Naturally, it belongs to the same recension as A of which it may be a

·mere copy. This will become clear when the
question of the recensions of the text will be
discussed with the help of illustratious.
To avoid confusion, it will be alluded to as
ordinary a.
IV (B) (No. 399/1916, Bhandarkar Institute,
Poona).
The Prūtisakhya occupies two leaves at
the end (216-23). The earlier pages contain other
Atharvana Lakşana granthas. It is an incomplete
text, ending with the second Prapathaka.
It is written in Devanāgari characters on
country paper. The handwriting is uniform and
legible. But the text is not very correct. Yellow
pigment is richly employed.
The ending colophon being wanting, the
name and residence of the scribe as well as the
age of the manuscript cannot be definitely known.
But it is quite new and might have been written
much later than A or even a.
This is allied to A and a. Apart from
textual concurrence, all of these Mss. begin with
salutation MahāGanapati;—"A&
TATO
TH: 11"
It was originally secured froin Bikaner and
will on that occount be referred to as B in the
following pages.

·5 V (S) (No. 397|1916, Bhandarkar Institute, Poona). It consists of four leaves with eleven lines to a page. The script as well as paper are the same as have been used in the Mss. described above, It is fairly correct and is also complete. The colophon at the end reads thus:--- संवत् १६७६ वर्षे आश्वन वदि १३ सोमे अद्येह श्रीस्तं- भतीर्थ वास्तव्यं श्रीमदाभ्यंतर नागरशातीय पंचल्पी श्री मुरारि तदनुजनृसिंहेन स्वयं लिखितमिदं ॥ यादृशमितिज्ञायात्रभे दोषः॥ श्री गोपीजनवल्लभो जयति ॥ शुभमस्तु ॥ कल्याण- HET 11 The writer of this manuscript belonged to the same Nāgara caste to which, for instance, the writers of K, A and did. The epithet Pancalpi also reminds one of Pañcakālpi and Pancoli used in connection with the predecessors of the writers of K and A. Nevertheless, he belonged to a separate sect, namely, the cult of Krşņa, the Divine Hero of the Bhāgavata Purāna. This is manifest from the characterstic invocation with which the work ends; Gopijanavallabha. As regards family resemblance, it agrees with K. Wherever it differs, it is either a case of clear omission through oversight or one where K is certainly defective. In the latter case, its readings come closer to the family represented ·by il, a and B. It is possible that the original from which it was copied, might have represented the parent stock. It is itself sufficiently old (1676 Samvat), and this is strong enough to support the above statement. It has, in what follows, been referred to as S, the first letter of Stambha-Tirtha, the place of its origination. VI(P) (No. 316/1916, Bhandarkar Institute, Poona). It consists of eight leaves, seven lines to a page. It is boldly but very irregularly written. It is sufficiently incorrect, and makes a free uso of red chalk. It is, however, complete. The concluding colophon runs as follows:- पंचोली श्रीटजयकृष्णसुत् रामजी सुसुरजीभ्रातृशा- मजी भ्रातृमाधवजी पाठनार्थ माधवजीकेन लिखितं ॥ श्री ॥ From this no information with regard to its age and place of origination can possibly be derived. The title Pancoli reminds of similar words used in connection with the writers of the previous Mss. It seems that the text has all along been preserved by the descendants of the same family, Pancoli or Pañcakālpi. Judging from its appearance and other external signs, the manuscript seems to be fairly old. It forms one family with K and S except where, in cases of clear oversight in K, it agrees with other Mss. : one ·7 It will be referred to as P, the first letter of the surname, Pancoli. con- VII(L) (No. 327, State Library, Alwar). After continuous and prolonged efforts only have I been able to get a certified copy of the original manuscript which would not be lent. It sists of about seven pages with sixteen lines to a page and twenty letters to a line. It is fairly correct. As regards its age and other particulars, it is perfectly silent. To judge from the text, it should be placed beside A, a, and B. In this book, it has been referred to as L, the second letter in the word Alwar in order to distinguish it from A which had been employed long before I was procured. That it belongs to group A, a and B is also supported by the salutation to Gaņeśa with which it begins. (1) The Mss. families. To discuss the question of the division of the above Mss. into two different recensions, some internal evidence may now be adduced. Thus; (I) A, a and B read atalgo whereas P, S, and K, amargo in I. ii. 13. (2) A, a, B and L only read Sūtra 1, 3, 15. as a separate aphorism. The rest concur in not punctuating between Sūtras, I, 3, 14 and I, 3, 15.

·8 same (3) a and B begin a new Sūtra with gritto in II, 1, 15. It seems to be a better division, The agreement of all the Mss. in introducing the seemingly erroneous accretion, (पकारान्तनि) in the Sūtra cannot disprove the existence of two different texts. At best, it may go to show that the above-mentioned mistake has come down from a time when the text had not yet assumed two varient forms, (4) A, a, B and L alone read द्विवचने after इति in II, 2, 14. (5) They also concur in the erroneous omission of ofgato in II, 2, 15. Occasionally one or more of them may differ in minor points. Thus B does not punctuate between Sūtras II, 2, 14 and 15. But the force of other positive evidence overshadows this and other similar unimportant differences. (6) A, A, B read पाद for पा इत्यु. and कूपां० for To in II, 2, 16. Agreement in errors is a strong test for establishing family connection. Thus P in the same Sūtra errs but does so in quite a different direction. Whereas A, a, and B have mistaken इत्यू० for a, P omits or in yo. Hence P belongs to another family (7) Again, A reads स्तनंनिति; a स्तेनयंनिति; B Farriage in II, 2, 19. These readings show that in this recension, error is found in the last four or five letters of the word, fauna, ·9 the real text. But the other Mss. read frafat, i. e, agree in omitting the second syllable, t. Indeed, I which otherwise agrees with A, a and B, here parts company with them. This, however, is due to the peculiar nature of L. It often gives readings which evince better preservation of the original text. Thus it alone reads TENT before Ter in II, 2, 20. (8) 4, a and B omit the nasal in fata in II, 3, 8. (9) A, a, B and L, put a full-stop after het in II, 3, 10. (10) 4, 6, B and L omit 5 in fear II, 3,13. (11) P and S read at: in the Ablative instead of the usual Instrumental form. (12) Aa, B and L read तकारान्तानि for नकारान्तानि II, 4, 18. Further evidence, if necessary, may be culled from the foot-notes to the text of the Sūtras. II. About the text. one (i) For reasons stated above, the text of the Sūtras has been, as a rule, based on manuscript K. But there have been found cases when this basic codex has had to be abandoned and eclecticism resorted to. Thus at III, 1, 18, K begins the Sūtra with short a (37) and ends with (TITA:) in the singular. L alone begins in the right way and like A and a reads the last word in the dual number, ·10 At III, 3, 20, Kreads arity go, while all other Mss. place one more syllable (CT) between (i) and (). Again at III, 4, 3, Kreads THTTO instead of the more general version, समस्तमेकाक्षर०. These instances show that though eclecticism as the universal method employed in collationwork has ceased to be favourably looked upon by critical scholars, its abandonment must not be considered absolute. (ii) Quotations from the Samhitā have been accented and compared with the text of the A. V. In doing so the manuscript authority has often had to be put aside, e. g. II, 2, 16; 17; 19; 20; 21 and 22; III, 1, 16 and III, 2, 25. (iii) Besides actual extracts from the A. V. some other palpable errors have been corrected, though very sparingly; e. g. II, 4, 9. (iv) When sufficient ground for hazarding a correction has not been at hand, the tentative nature of a particular text has been shown by the interrogatory symbol (?); e. g. II, 4, 6, etc. (v) Sometimes, it has been attempted to render the text clearer by breaking sandhi and putting a short hyphen between the various members of a long compound; e. g. II, 2, 16 and 17. (vi) Finally, punctuation has been improved upon. For instance, K does not separate 1, 3, 15 from the Sūtra preceding it. On the whole, there has been an increase of five Sūtras. Thus ·11 according to the present edition, there ate 226 Sūtras whereas K read 221 only: III. History and title. The present edition of the Atharva-Veda- Prātiskākhya Sūtras brings to light an ancient work of which little was known hereto-fore. The importance of this department of Sanskrit literature-well attested by the well-known publications, within a few years of one another, of Regnier, Weber, Müller, Whitney and Burnell—and the desirability of placing before the eyes of scholars material which has of late been saved from oblivion, have induced me to undertake the work, of which this is the first instalment. When Whitney presented to the American Oriental Society in 1862, his edition of the Atharva-Veda-Prātis'ākhya or Saunakiya Caturadhyāyikā, unaware what future discoveries would unveil, he could not perceive that the title of his work was well nigh a misnomer. Nowhere in the single codex, on the authority of which he published his edition of the Caturadhyāyika, was there any indication of the alternative designation. This he admits in clear terms. He says, “That it has any inherent right to be called the Prātis'ākhya to the Atharva- Vedo is not, of course, claimed for it; but, considering the extreme improbability that any other like phonetic treatise, belonging to any of the other schools of that Veda, will ever be brought to light, the title of Atharva-Veda-Prätis'ākhya finds a sufficient justification in its convenience, ·12 and in its analogy with the names given to the other kindred treatises by their respective editors, Regnier, Weber, and Müller." Indeed, the learned editor was perhaps under the impression that all private libraries had already been too well ransacked to produce any new material. Thus he justifies his edition based on a single manuscript (though, it ought to be candidly admitted, of high instrinsic value) on this makebelief. To them who might regard his effort premature, he says, “this would certainly be the case, were any other copies of the work known to be in existence: to neglect to procure their collation before proceeding to publish would be altogether inexcusable.” But thanks to the honest and laborious interest evinced by prominent scholars like Bühler, Kielhorn and Bhandarkar, not only about half-a-dozen more manuscripts of the self-same Caturadhyāyikri, have been found and preserved, but also an unthought-of work has been given to the world of Sanskrit studies. A new and revised edition of the Caturadhyāyikā has thus become a matter of necessity. But the unexpected appearance of the other kindred treatise has been considered a sufficient justification for its being first taken up in hand. Moreover, it is comparatively a much shorter work. Its total length is about one-half of that of the Caturadhyāyikā. Roughly, it may be contained in the compass of a Pāninian Pūda of medium length.

·13 IV. Subsequent instalments. Besides the seven manuscripts described above, two more containing an ancient commentary on the Sūtras have been secured. The second Part will contain the result of the collation thereof along with an original attempt at the elucidation of the text. The introduction to that part will embody a full account of the comparative phonological contributions made by different Prātiśākhyas. An attempt will also be made to ascertain the exact nature of the bearing of the Prātiśākhya on the text of the Atharva-Veda and the possible help it can render in bringing out a better edition of that samhitā. The third instalment in the series will give a fresh edition of the Caturadhyāyika. V. The Atharva-Veda Prātis'ākhya and the Caturadhyāyikā. Every Vaidika Sākhū is supposed to have a separate Prūtis'ākhya. Thus Tuittiriya Pratis'ākhya is related to the Taittiriya Sakhi whereas the Vüjasaneya Prüītis'ākhya belongs to the Vājasaneya Samhita of the Yajurveila. Consequently, there must have been as many Prātis'ākhyas as there were Vaidika Schools. Coming to the Prātis'ākhyas of the Atharva- Veda, the Caturadhyāyikī and the present work, it is seen that both seem to belong to the S'aunakiya Samhitā. At least, their commentators quote examples from it. The exact nature of the relation that subsists between the two ·14 kindred phonetic treatises will be discussed in Part II, in all its details. The present work may be a supplementary treatise. Whether any of these comprehends the Paippalāda Sākhā, demands careful and exhaustive study of that Sākhā. The answer to these questions will also find a place there. VI. The Prātis'ākhya and A. V. Samhita. Whitney has tried to show that the Caturadhyāyikā comprehends first eighteen Books of the Atharca-Veda. How much of the same Samhita is taken notice of by the present work? Internal evidence tends to show that what is true in the case of the Caturadhyāyika holds good in that of the Prātis'ākhya also. Taking words and phrases quoted from the Samhitā, it seems that the last two Books have been entirely left to themselves. There are certain words which have been read in first eighteen as well as the last two Books. Consequently, it will not avail to refer to them to establish the opinion recorded above; e. g. कुपा, देवगौपा, मरुः, कम्, वृषभः etc. Nor can those words which are found in the first eighteen Books only, lead to an uncontrovertible decision. Such are, for instance ; प्रपा, भूरिधारा, शतधारा, मधुधारा, T, urut, (both in Instrumental singular) आशाम्, अर्वाचीनम्, शकल्येषि (II, 1, 5); रयिंदाः (II, 4, 3) and ATTAIT (III, 3, 20) etc. But the Sūtras II, 3, 21 and 22 do carry sufficient weight to justify the above remark. Thus the first of these Sūtras teaches that great used in gar gfuar and other texts which it quotes, is in ·15 the Instrumental case. It refers to cases occurring at IV, 30, 8; XI, 4, 10; XII, 3, 23 and XVIII, 1, 10; but does not quote for gfyer (XIX, 19, 1). Similarly, the second Sūtra, refers to cases where ar is used in the Neuter gender and Plural number. It rehearses III, 13, 1; V, 11, 4; IX, 14, 15; XVIII, 1, 11, and XVIII, 2, 6; but has no scope for the same form found thrice in the XX Book. In this way both of the last Books have been excluded from its treatment by the Prūtisakhya. One more case may be recited in this connection. The Sūtra, III, 3, 33 teaches consonantal -conjunction, the first member of which is a. A. V. IV, 33, 3; V, 29, 4 and X, 8, 12 are drawn from for illustration. But the same phenomenon found at XIX, 29, 2 has not been included in the series of examples. Nevertheless, it will not be just to conclude this remark without alluding to two cases, namely, Sūtras III, 2, 11 and III, 2, 29. The first of these offers an entirely uncertain text. But the second word (eat) is read by all Mss. If it implies t, XX, 56, 6; 57, 3; and 68, 3 should then come under the jurisdiction of the Prātis'ākhya. The other rule teaches that in the word get, the conjunction consists of two तकार. This word is used at XX, 23, 2. In the light of these citations, either the above opinion shall have to be modified or some justification found for the latter. It may be that the author might have thought five or six examples sufficient for his rules and all of these happened ·16 to be found in the first eighteen Books. It is, however, equally possible to think that while the rule, III, 2, 11 is uncertain, the other (III, 2, 29) may be a spurious one. VII. Nature of the treatise. One thing that draws attention readily, is the absence of a general phonetic introductionthat never-failing con-comitant of the Prātis'ākhya literature. Thus, there is no there is no description of organs of speech; no classification of sounds or treatment of Sandhi. Another striking point which at once differentiates it from other kindred treatises, lies in this that although it refers to about three scores of grammatical or phonetic technicalities, it does not undertake to define a single term. Whatever other deduction apropos of the chronology of this class of works and various stages in the development of grammatical science in Sanskrit be made from these bald facts, one thing is clear that the present work cannot be an independent dissertation on the subject, and that, on the contrary, it presupposes a mass of grammatical literature. It is a characteristic of the Sūtra literature to refer to divergent opinions held by different teachers. This usage is common enough in the philosophic Sūtras and is also observed in the Prātis'ākhyas. In Pāṇini, a reference to an authority sometimes implies an additional weight to his own opinions; but much more frequently, does it denote an alternative linguistic pheno- ·17 menon, sanctified by not having been taken exception to by reputed teachers of grammar. But it is strange that the present treatise hardly, if ever, refers to any other authority, either for approbation or for provisional enunciation. Only at I, 1, 5, an alternative practice in connection with words carrying double accent is noticed. But, even here, it is not at all certain whether it refers to a practice prevailing in a particular region or a class of teachers (IT) whom it regards to be unsupported by antique tradition. For, the usage of kindred words in the language admits of both of these interpretations. Thus Yāska reads at Nirukta, II, 1, 2;- "दातिर्लवनार्थे प्राच्येषु दात्रमुदीच्येषु" ॥ set, to cut asunder, is used in regions to the east, whereas, its nominal derivative dātra (ITA) alone is used in those to the north.” Similarly, Pāṇini uses the word gary at IV, 1, 17; IV, 2, 139; VI, 2, 74; VII, 3, 14; VII, 3, 24 etc. to denote the East. Again, he uses gaitath in the sense of the North at III, 1, 19; IV, I, 153; IV, 1, 167 and VII, 3, 46. For the second way of taking these words, Bhattoji Dikșit's comment on Pāṇini, VI, 1, 96 in his Siddhānta Kaumudi may be helpful. "परत्वान्नित्यत्वाञ्चेति प्राञ्च:"॥ Personally, I incline towards the first meaning, and do not think that any section of grammarians, ancient or modern, to be in question. C ·18 Another reference is made to Sakalya at II, 1, 5 (274g CET). No doubt, we seem to hear in the word S'akalya a familiar sound. But it is not the renowned grammarian of that name that the author has in view. On the other hand, a particular euphonic amalgamation has been taught in an illustrative manner. In other words, it is an "atides'a (faqat) Sūtra. It refers to a gana, the first member of which (The) occurs at A, V. I, 25, 2. This is no uncommon practice with teachers of Sanskrit grammar. For instance, Pāṇini teaches the same (TTT) rule at VI, 1, 94. Kātyāyana's Vārtika on it presents a close parallel to the Prūtis'ākhya Sūtra. His words are, "शकन्ध्वादिषु पररूपं वाच्यम्" ॥ So it will not come a-miss to conclude this section with the remark that our treatise is conspicuous by not referring to any contemporaneous or ancient teacher of grammar and phonetics. VIII. Authorship and date. Under these circumstances, it is far from possible to determine the question of authorship of the treatise. S'aunakiya school bears a special connection with the Atharva Veda. It is probable that some scion of that family might have originally taught these Sūtras. It is equally difficult to determine the chronological position occupied by the Atharva-Veda-Prātislākhya. The process generally followed in discussing the ·19 chronology of this literature is far from being satisfactory. The Prātis'ākhyas are, strictly speaking, not grammatical treatises. They are at the best concerned with recording phonetic and other kindred peculiarities which characterised the Vaidika texts (samhitūs) of various Schools, Consequently, it will not be right to conclude anteriority or posteriority of a particular Prātis'ākhya on the basis of it being full of or lacking in discussions of general grammar which does not form any regular part of its constitution. Still, it is very essential to determine the chronological situation of this class of works in the extensive range of Sanskrit literature, before any utterance with regard to any single Prūtis'ākhya can be said to be admissible. For this purpose, a bird's eye view of the growth and development of linguistics in ancient India will not be out of place. (A). History of the Vedangas. When incident on local distance and difficulty of mutual contact, there sprang up differences in the pronunciation of Vaidika texts in different families, a general need seems to have been felt of some definite rules in order to fix one system of recitation. Various families of Vaidikco reciters might have concurred in employing certain uniform modes of pronunciation and these come into prominence. But standardisation in this respect could have been possible only after a long period of active struggle and hard competition. This we learn from allusions to those who upheld still persisting divergent views.

·20 Besides, difference between textual and colloquial language, rendered more glaring by sharp dialectic deviations, afforded enough food to thinking minds. They began to philosophise over the relation that subsists between sound and sense. They observed how the meaning of a word moved along a locus on which its position was determined sometime by accent, sometime by vocal ablaut, and, again by some other phenomenon. Gradually increasing interest in Semantics proved a powerful factor in directing scholars' minds towards analytic studies. It was probably in this way that a wonderful, indegenous system of grammar equipped with that well-known appratus of Indicatory letters (garu), aug. ments (TTTA) and substitutes (CT) was evolved. Further investigations in the field of linguistic analysis resulted in the discovery of certain phenomena, discussion and illustration whereof led to the formulation of the principles of the Science of Language. These three steps seem to represent, in the main, the line of progress along which the study of language travelled in ancient India. Generalisation of the elements of pronunciation formed the basis of the Science of Phonetics (PaTEJT GEIS). Formulation, in general, of peculiarities of pronunciation resulting from euphonic combination and bringing under a system the results of linguistic analysis led to the development of the Science of Grammar (UTFiTot aix). Comparative study of different ·21 dialects and generalised treatment of grammatical functions-in order to make them applicable, on the basis of analogy, to cases which do not fall in the limited range of grammar proper-became the foundation of the Science of Etymology and Language in general (निरुक्त वेदाङ्ग). All the three sciences owe their conception to the gradually intensified exigency of right recitation and right understanding of Vaidika texts. These were the beacon-lights which lit up the way to ritual efficacy and spiritual evolution. Every twice-born, while yet within his teens, was required to go through a discipline in order to befit himself for his proper profession in accordance with the ideals of Veda. It was incunibent on every Brühmana to be conversant with these and other Vedungas, so that he might be well-versed in the Vaidiku lore. It was his duty to keep the torch of learning a-glowing. So S'ikṣā, Vyakarana and Nirukta are inter-related. They form three links of the same chain. This is shown by different treatises on these subjects. Yāska's Nirukta is a standing confirmation of this opinion. There the fifth Pāda of the First Adhyaya begins with a sentence which at once unites and differentiates the Sciences of Grammar and Etymology; it runs as follows: अथापीदमन्तरेण मन्त्रेष्वर्थप्रत्ययो न विद्यतेऽर्थम- प्रतियतो नात्यन्तं स्वरसंस्कारोदेशस्तदिदं विद्यास्थानं व्याक. रणस्य कात्स्य॑ स्वार्थसाधकं च॥"

·22 To put it in English, he says :- " Besides, certitude in the interpretation of Mantras is not possible without it (Nirukta). For him, not cognisant of the meaning, teaching of accentuation and derivation cannot be completely (useful). Hence, while completing grammar, this science has itself an independent function also to perform.” (B) Position of the Prātis'ākhyas. It is impossible to think of a time when only one of these equally indispensable subjects could have become the only form of literary engagement. And, it is to that period when scholars of these Vaidika Schools were busy with fixing the text of their respective scriptures, that the Prātis'ākhyas shall have to be ascribed. Their main topic is phonetics and euphony, not in general but as strictly applicable to one or other of the Samhitās. But very often they would cross their proper limit and enter in the field of general topics, illustrations whereof must be sought outside a particular text in question. Here they would take cognisance of the floating grammatical material, and, often allude to personages who held divergent views. This hybrid nature of their composition renders it difficult to fix them chronologically beyond all possible misgiving. Nevertheless, it may be said with a fair amount of certainty that regular S'iksă composition (even in Sūtras, if ever extant) is later than the Prūtis'ākhyas. Final redaction of grammati- ·23 cal aphorisms also seems to belong to a later period. But this does not imply that there were no grammatical treatises when the constitution of the Prātis'ākhyas was finally settled. The seed of these Vedāngas 'lies in the Brāhmaṇas. Rudiments of Phonetics are cursorily noticed in the Aitareyāranyaka. The Taittirīya Upanisad evinces full recognition of the fundamentals of Siksā. Its first section is designated Siksīdhyāya, the second Anuvāka wherein runs as follows: ॐ शीक्षां व्याख्यास्यामः॥ वर्णः स्वरः ॥ मात्रा बलम् ॥ साम सन्तानः ॥ इत्युक्तः शीक्षाध्यायः॥१॥ According to this authority, the science of Phonetics treats of sounds, accent, quantity, quality, intonation and pitch. Finally, in the Mundaka Upanisad, Angiras exhorts S'aunaka to learn the Parā and the Apară forms of knowledge. He enumerates the constituents of the second of these in this way :- 'तत्रापरा ऋग्वेदो यजुर्वेदः सामवेदोऽथर्ववेदः शिक्षा कल्पो व्याकरणं निरुक्तं छन्दो ज्योतिषमिति"॥ “Of them, the Aparii connotes, the Rks, the Yajus, the Sīmans, the Atharvanas, Phonetics Ritual, Grammar, Etymology, Prosody, and Astronomy." Although grammatical and etymological explanations are not rarely resorted to in earlier texts and imply an ever rising tide of kindred discussions, yet it is here that this clear, definite nomenclature has been used for the first time.

·24 on What is said above in connection with the double nature of the Prūtis'ākhyas, will be strengthened by the following quotation from Uvata's comment Vājasaneya Prātis'ākhya, I, 169:- "वृद्धमिदं शास्त्रमन्यानि शास्त्राण्यपेक्ष्य । शिक्षाविहितं व्याकरणविहितं चास्मिन् शास्त्रे उभयं यतः प्रक्रियते।" “The (Prüītis'ākhya ) Sõstra is superior to every other Sistra in as much as it takes note of the principles propounded in the text-books of Phonetics as well as grammar." In other words, the Prātis'ākhya literature offers a point where the sciences of Phonetics and Grammar meet. (C) Panini and the Prütis'ākhyas. (I) The treatment of uncombinable final vowels (TTE), euphony (afp) and accent (FTT) supplies the connecting link between grammar proper and the Prūtis'ākhyas. Comparative study reveals at once that Pāṇini as well as the Priitis'ākhyas fall back upon some common store-house. Many aphorisms occur verbatim in Pāṇini and in some one of the Prūtis'ākhyas. There are some rules which convey the same sense but are taught a bit differently. Thus, Pāṇini I, 2, 29, 30; (1) उच्चैरुदात्तः। Tai. Prā, I, 38, 39; Vāj. Prā, I, 108-9 (2) afaceri: C. A, I, 14, 15, using the words in the Neuter.

·25 . (3) समाहारः स्वरितः। Panini I, 2, 313; Tai. Pra, I, 403 Vaj. Pra I, 110. Compare with these the following (1) उदात्तश्चानुदात्तश्च स्वरितश्च त्रयः स्वराः। आयामविश्रम्भाक्षेपैस्त उच्यन्ते ॥ Rik. Pra, III, 1. The three words, आयाम, विश्रम्भ and आक्षेप convey the same idea with special reference to the mode of pronunciation. (2) आक्षिप्तं स्वरितम् ॥ C. A. I, 16. (3) उभयवान्त्स्वरितः॥ Vaj. Pri, I, 110. The word He is a paraphrase of ETATEIT:. These definitions point to two different sources. Pāṇini as well as the Taittiriya Prūtis'ākhya draw from one. The Rik. Prütis'ākhya represents the other. The Caturadhyāyikā and the Vājasaneya Prātis'ākhya commingle them, defining the Udätta and the Anudātta in one way and the Svarita in the other. Again, (4) तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य । Panini, I, 1, 66; Vaj. Pra., I, 134. (5) षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा। Panini, I, 1, 49; Vaj. Pra., I. 136. (6) आद्यन्तवञ्च । Tai. Pri., I, 55. आद्यन्तवदेकस्मिन् । Panini, I, 21. ईकारौकारौ च सप्तम्यर्थे । (7) C. A. I, 74; A. P. II, 1, 6. ईदूतौ च सप्तम्यर्थे । Panini, I, 1, 19.

·26 (8) { Tennecyacente: i Vāj. Prā., I, 135. T: TIRTI Pāņini, I, 1, 54. स्वरितवर्जमेकोदात्तं (9) 994 1 Vāj. Prā., II, 1. STEETTİ TEÀ FAI Pāṇini, VI, 1, 158. (II) Coming to the method of treatment, regular evolution may be noticed. For illustration, take the case of Pragrahas. The Rik Prātis'ākhya disposes it of in a very brief and desultory manner (cf, Pațala, I, from start आमन्त्रितजः प्रगृह्यः onwards). The Taittiriya Prātis'ākhya devotes the whole of its Chapter IV, to the subject. Teaching four aphorisms in the way of an introduction, it goes on rehearsing individual cases that occur in the Samhitā, related to it. The process of categorical handling of these and other individual cases is observed in the Vājasaneya Prātis'ākhya, I, 92-98. The Caturadhyāyi becomes more comprehensive and definite. It includes Locatives ending in i and i, monosyllabic particles, indeclinables and vocatives ending in o. It devotes nine aphorisms (1, 73- 81) to this topic. Finally Pāṇini contracts it to eight Sūtras. Brevity is here surely due to the use of the Indicatory letters ( 3rgar), e. g. IT (I, 1, 13) stands for 376#, G#, etc., which have been severally taught in the Prātis'ākhyas. But this regular development must not be unnecessarily made a certain basis for chronological posteriority of Pāṇini. For instance, take another Sūtra of the same section. gaan TUU (I, 1, 11).

·27 It comprehends, for instance, the case of (37), duel from the Pronominal base (se), containing (#). Hence the next Sutra (TAT Ara, I, 1, 12) is taught for the Plural form ( 377ft) only, which does not come under the jurisdiction of the first rule. Certainly, then, the Prūtis'ākhyas are more definite and to the point here; cf. Brot agaan IC. A. I, 78. sft TH Vũ. Prũ. I, 98. At the most, these and other similarly doublemouthed junctures establish parallel development of the Prūtis'ākhyas and the Sūtras of Pāṇini. (III) Comparing the terminology employed by Pāṇini and the Prūtis'ākhyas, the subject may be dealt with under six separate heads:- (1) Common terms which all use but none defines, e. g. ar (Intervention); gta (Preposition); FATE (Compound); ac (Optionally), आमन्त्रित ( Vocative); fagra (Indeclinables); HT (C) (Possession) and others. These show that both, the Prūtis'ākhyas and Pāṇini, depend for the usage thereof on some previous stock. (2) Terms, which Pāṇini alone uses as well as defines; e. g. gfs (Vocative Singular); arfagles (Nominal base ) etc. The Prātis'ākhyas do not evince familiarity with these later and special terms. They keep to older ·28 ones, denoting general grammatical functions such as Afoga (Vocative), E (word) and FTTH (noun). (3) Terms, which Panini as well as the Prūtis'ākhyas employ but which the latter alone care to define; e. g. geisa (Repetition ) etc. cf., feathTÈRTH 954 Vāj. Prā., 146. If direct priority of the Prātis'ākhyas to Pāņini is not proved by this point, one thing is certain that this and other similar terms had become more widely known when Pāņini flourished than they were when the authors of the Prūtis'ākhyas wrote these works. Otherwise the fault of needless tautology would have to be laid at the door of the writers of such a laconic literature. (4) Terms which Pāṇini as well as the Prūtis'ākhyas use and also define; e. g. Tu (Penultimate letter); Bruta (a term or word having one letter only); ATU (uncombinable final) etc. This is somewhat puzzling. But a searching comparison will certainly supply the necessary ground to explain it. (a) Pāṇinian grammar is more comprehensive and widely applicable than any of the Prūtis'ākhyas can in consistency with its function afford to be. Taking, for instance, the case of (), Pāṇini's definition ceases to be an unjustifiable repetition. The Prātislākhyas, establishing as they do ·29 the relation between the Pada and the Samhitū Pāthas, always think of the word (इति) coming after a (प्रगृह्य). Hence their definition can never dispense with this word; cf, Tea facutat tua: (Rik. Prā. II, 27). Surely, the following Prātis'ākhya-Sūtras somewhat transgress in the field of gramma proper. FIUTAT TEICIT C. A. III. 33; and, Tai. Pra. X. 24. न प्लुतप्रग्रही a a It is not a long way between the latter rule and the Pāņinian Sūtra, प्लुतप्रगृह्या अचि नित्यम् । VI, I, 125. (1) There are a few points where there is a real difference of views and this renders separate definitions necessary. For instance, ( 3797 ) denotes monosyllabic word, whatever kind of word it may be, in the Prātis'ökhyas. It is interesting to note how all these treatises agree upon it; cf. geot: TCHYT, Tai. Prā. I, 54; geot: ah, Vāj. Prā. I, 151. The same is implied in the following Sūtras, उकारस्येतावपृक्तस्य । C. A. I, 72, ·30 Argrats gantsar TT: 1 C. A. I, 79; and, sftfor TETYT HET IC. A. IV, 113. But Pāṇini restricts the term to a suffix (TT), consisting of a single letter, cf., 3TY# CAT TETT: (I, II, 41). (c) Finally, Pāṇini is compelled to define again old terms in order to fit them in with his new machinery of Indicatory letters (अनुबन्ध); e. g. उपधा, always implies a penultimate letter. But, cf., वर्णादन्त्यात् पूर्व उपधा । C. A. I, 92; Greira aula get Vāj. Prā. I, 35; and, 310 SPET TE JT9T1 Pāṇini, I, 1, 65). (5) Terms, which the Prātis'ākhyas as well as Pāṇini employ, but latter alone defines; e. g. Ertig; 37TE etc. Thus, sfat Erfurgàs (A. V. Prā, II, 4, 2); 3TZTETY I C. A. II, 91. 3T UTERS: IC. A. II, 93, 37 Teen TEET UTTH IC. A. III, 13; 37 referaarai TIC. A. IV, 82; and finally, 3 ZTERT OTETTAITEIC. A. IV, 84. In all these Sūtras, this class of terms has been used but nowhere defined. Other Prātis'ākhyas do not use these terms.' Of all these treatises, those related to the Atharva- ·31 were Veda are the most grammatical, i.e. bear greater affinity with regular grammar and are full of grammatical technique. It is not to be imagined that Pāṇini was the first grammarian to use these terms. On the other hand, we have seen above (iii, 4, c.) that he often defines old terms to make them part and parcel of his own grammatical appratus. It seems that the Prūtis'ākhyas familiar with other pre-Pāṇinian grammars which employed these terms and wherefrom the great grammarian himself borrowed them. This will be more vividly brought home to the reader by the consideration of the last item (6) of this topic. (6) Terms, which the Prātiskākhyas alone use but do not define; e. g. artear in the sense of the Perfect Tense (C. A. IV, 84); Hereft in the sense of the Vedic Subjunctive (se) (A. V. Prā., II, 3, 21); (qoft), the Imperative or the Potential Mood (A. V. Pra., II, i, 11; II, iii, 20) and others. These terms show clearly that they were taken from some independent stock. They must have been commonly known when the Pritis'ākhyas were written. Pāņini's gigantic effort bent every linguistic item to one system and, consequently, some of these rational terms also were sacrificed for the sake of brief, though dead, Indicatory letters ( 37 EET). It is interesting to note how Burnell arrived ·32 at a similar result by an independent study of the Riktantra Vyakarana. Speaking of terms like these, he says, “These words belong to the older or what I have termed the Aindra School of Grammar, and where any of the words in question are used by Pāņini it is with a new meaning—" He sums up the whole position in the following words:-- “All existing Prātiśākhyas are, in their present forms, later than Pāṇini, but some (e. g. the Kikprātiś;) have been but little modified, while the others have suffered more. All, however, belong to a school that existed before Pāṇini invented his system.” D. The Atharva-Veda Prūtis'ākhya. Finally, let us see the direct bearing of the foregoing discussion on the chronological situation of the Atharva-Veda Prātis'ākhya. It does not allude to any other authority and this would apparently invest it with a mark of hoary antiquity. But this assumption is only momentary. For, it employs so many technical expressions and defines none. This alone is enough to preclude its independence. Secondly, which other regular Prūtisakhya does not think it worth-while to begin with a detailed description of Sanskrit phonetics? Yet, this treatise can afford to neglect such an introduction. Certainly, this must be explained by ·33 assuming its suppluweutary character. Naturally, it ought to be placed after the Prātis'ākhyas of other Vedic Schools had sufficiently progressed. But Pāṇini's relation with the Prātis'ākhyaliterature, in general, holds good in this particular case as well. Although of all the Prātis'akhyas, this alone uses the term (ara ) which has been defined by Pāṇini, yet it is inconceivable that the Prātis'ākhya could have been indebted to him for this usage. As shown above, he often defines old technicalities in the terms of his various Indicatory letters. The Sūtra, fax fara El IT H1 Pāṇini, III, 4, 117. indicates that the author intended to determine the character of a general term by using his own invention. The Pratyahāra (fax ) and the meaning of (ATC) reveal themselves only when Pāṇini is studied. Had the Prātis'ākhya derived this and other kindred terms from the Astādhyāyi, it should have evinced its familiarity with Pāņini's Alphabet and Anubandhas. Moreover, it should not have used terms which Pāṇini had replaced for all time to come by his more laconic technique, easily adaptable to his system. Thus, besides those already enumerated under the previous head, the Atharva-Veda Prātis/akhya employs ( rart ) in the sense of subsequence at II, 1, 14; III, 1, 3; searat (the Present Tense; II, 2, 5 ); recroft ( the Past Tense; III, 2, 5). To conclude this section, the treatment of accent in the Pratis'ākhya also gives a clue to the probably later stage of growth observed in Pāņini. To take an e ·34 instance, both describe double-accented words and refer to them in a similar way by forming a gana after a headword. But the Prātis'ākhya Sūtra, द्विरुदात्तं वृहस्पत्यादीनाम् (I, 1, 4 ) does not differentiate between two classes of words which carry double accent, namely, archaic genitive compounds like ceafa:; figfa:, and copulative compounds like gareliai:, fara turt. But Pāṇini enunciates two aphorisms for the selfsame purpose; cf. उभे वनस्पत्यादिषु युगपत् । VI, 2, 140; daarge TI VI, 2, 141. But even here, a comparative study will show how the period of systematisation of the Prātis'ākhyas becomes co-eval with that of Grammar proper. Thus the Vūjasaneya Prātis'ākhya teaches that these Devatā Dvandvas bear double accent when not in the Vocative case; देवताद्वन्द्वानि चानामन्त्रितानि । I, II, 48. This provision makes up for a deficiency, even in Pāṇini. Reserving further elaboration of this interesting, though thorny, topic of comparative study of this literature for the subsequent instalment of this work, this much may be safely stated that our Prüt s'ākhya depends to a considerable extent for its material on other kindred works and that, though indebted to old grammarians, does not bear the stamp of Pāṇini.

·35 IX. Division and Subject matter. The treatise comprises 226 Sūtras in all. They are arranged into three Books (Prapathakas). The First Book has three chapters (Pādas ) whereas each of the other two contains four chapters. There are fifty-nine Sūtras in the First Book, eighty-four in the Second Book and eighty-three in the Third Book. (I, i, 1-3). Introductory; salutation to Brahma-Veda and importance of Padas in the constitution of Samhitā. (4-5) Description of double-accent. (649) Accentual peculiarities resulting from vowel Sanchi. (10-17) Accent in the case of Krdanta words, prepositions etc. (18—28) Accent in the case of Vocative and verb. Pāda, II. (1–4, 9) Accent of special words on the first syllable, e. g. feq, 373f etc. (648) Accent on the second syllable. (5 & 10—16) Final accent. Pāda, III. (1) Compound-accent, not on the first member. (248) Enclitics. (9-16) Treatment of Svarita accent. .

·36 Book II, Pāda, I. (1-15) Treatment of peculiarities observed in certain words and suffixes. Pāda, II. (1-22) Discuss doubtful nominal forms with hints on accent. Pāda, III. (1411) Peculiarities of certain forms of Sandhi. ( 12—17) Words in which some consonant is doubled. (19–29) Discuss finals, mainly, those at the end of the first member of compounds. Pāda, IV. (1-3) Peculiarities in the case of ar. ( 4—18) Treatment of words, accented on the last syllable and avagraha in the case of words ending in m, n etc. when followed by words beginning with similar consonants. Book III, Pāda, I. (1-2) Where repha is kept as such. (1) Treatment of Vocatives in o (art). ( 4–6) Absence of avagraha in ar preceded by अवि; by fat; repititioncompounds.

·37 а (7—8) Negation and otherwise in connection with ( 972 ), ( utca ), (उपाचार), (दीर्घत्व ) etc. (9-12) Shortening of vowel before possessive suffixes, second member in compound and lengthening of the same under certain conditions. (13--22) Description of other kindred irregularities. Pāda, II. (1) Treats of verbal forms of fa preceded by the proposition 3 (2) Refers to such uncommon forms as fed in the dual. (3) Deals with words ending in takara. (4) Where the termination (g) of the Nominative case comes after feminines in long & (5) Forms of the , to go, beginning with q. (6—8) Where a preposition is not combined with a verb. (9—33) Different conjunctions of consonants. Pāda, III. (1-3) Treatment of final n. (a). (4-10) Visarga and satva.

·38 (11—13) Elongation of a preposition. ( 14—19) The same phenomenon in certain other cases. ( 20—21) Shortening in the case of the word ATH and nipātas and Avyayas. Pāda, IV. (1) Treatment of words ending with अंच्. (2-5) Vĩddhi in certain cases, (647) Scope of option in the Vedas. X. Acknowledgement. With these preliminary renarks, this part of the work is put forward. But I cannot adequately express my deep sense of gratitude to my revered teacher, Mr. A. C. Woolner, Dean of the Punjab University. He has spared no opportunity of guiding, directing and helping me in bringing out this edition. I feel great pleasure in acknowledging the help rendered by my friend and colleague, Pandit Bhagavadatta, of the D. A. V. College, Lahore, in the collation of Mss. as well as giving definite suggestions from time to time. In fact, the very idea of undertaking the work is due to him to a great extent. I, also, express my thankfulness to Dr. S. K. Belvalkar of the Deccan College, Poona, for having evinced interest in the work and sent the required Mss. promptly. VAIDIKA AS'RAMA, LAHORE, Vishva Bandhu Vidyārthi. October, 1922.

·अथर्व-प्रातिशाख्यम्।

·No text on this page.

·ओ३म् विश्वानि देव सवितर्दुरितानि परासुव । यद्भद्रन्तन्न आसुव ॥ यजु० ३०।३ ॥१॥ हृदिस्थितो यो मनसोऽप्यगोचरः समाधिगम्योऽनुभवैकदर्शनः । सतां निषेव्यो भवपाशनाशनो हरिर्मदीयां स धियं प्रचोदयेत् ॥ २॥ अथ श्रीअथर्ववेदप्रातिशाख्यसूत्राणि । ॐनमो ब्रह्मवेदाय । अथातो न्यायाध्ययनस पार्षदं वर्तयिष्यामः ॥१॥ पदानां संहितां विद्यात् ॥ २ ॥ पदविधिरिति ॥३॥ द्विरुदात्तं बृहस्पत्यादीनाम् ॥ ४ ॥ प्रत्यञ्चां द्वे उपोत्तमे ॥५॥ अवर्णमध्य आकार एकादेशे विशेषः ॥ ६ ॥ अवर्णान्ताच्च ॥ ७॥ इकारादौ च ॥८॥ एकारादौ च ॥९॥ 1. P, ध्ये for ध्यय, evidently an error. 2. I, reads Sülras 2, 3 and 4 as one Sūtra. 3. a, unites Sūtras 4 and 5. 4o A, a and L, long .

·४३ अथर्वप्रातिशास्यम् । [११२७ कृदन्ते खुपसर्गे ॥ १० ॥ गतिपूर्वो यदा धातुः ॥ ११ ॥ उपसर्गपूर्वमाख्यातम् ॥ १२॥ वचने वचने पूर्वम् ॥ १३ ॥ एके न द्वे ॥१४॥ द्विनतिकानि वा ॥१५॥ परकारणानि ॥१६॥ परयोगीनि ॥ १७ ॥ अर्थपादादिषूदात्तमाख्यातमामत्रितपदम् ॥ १८ ॥ व्याघ्रादीन्यनुदात्तानि पादादीनामपोदितम् ॥ १९ ॥ वाक्यविपर्यये पैदलोपेषु पादादिवत् स्वरः ॥ २० ॥ चयोगादनिघातः ॥ २१ ॥ वायोगादनिघातः ॥ २२ ॥ आमत्रिताद् आधुदात्तात् ॥ २३ ॥ लुप्तकारणान्यकारणानि वा ॥ २४ ॥ अन्ययोगादनिघातः ॥ २५ ॥ न हीत्यनेन युक्तानि ॥ २६ ॥ यदित्यनेन समस्तेन ॥ २७॥ ति. 5. 1. L, त्त for कृ; द्व for ड्युः B, Om. Stop after off. 2. I, combines 11 and 12. 3. A, एकन for एकेन. 4. 2, त्ति for a, योगिति for गीति. 6. K and S आख्यातामश्रित for °तमाम; K, S, L, आमत्रितं for °त; S, Om. पदम् . 7. A, a, B, 4, पदा० for पादा०. 8. B, लोपेषु for लो. 9. L, पदादि० for पादादि०. 10. B, चायोगा०, for चयो०, a case of retrospective false analogy, cf. Sūtra 22. 11. A, a and B, करण for कारण. P, काण for the first कारण in the text, an oversight. 12. L, एतेन for अनेन.

·४३ १।२।१३] अथर्वप्रातिशाख्यम्। घचनात् परेण च सर्वत्र युक्तं वाऽपवादो वा लुप्तं वा तत्पदं येन योगः ॥ २८ ॥१॥ इति प्रथमः पादः॥ 3 द्विषो बहुवचनम् ॥ १॥ आमत्रितं देवं दैवीरिति सर्वत्र ॥२॥ अर्धस्याऽसमविभागे ॥३॥ नपुंसकस्य तस्येदमिति वा ॥ ४ ॥ जातिरन्तोदात्तम् ॥ ५॥ द्वितीयोदात्तानि ॥६॥ अकारात् प्रतिषेधात् परमुदात्तमजरादीनाम् इति ॥ ७ ॥ अकारान्तो ब्रह्मा ब्रह्मण इत्यसिन्नर्थे ॥ ८॥ नपुंसकमायुदात्तं ब्रह्म ॥ ९॥ अन्तोदात्तानि ॥ १० ॥ काव्येति संज्ञायामग्रन्थे ॥ ११ ॥ दक्षिणा तद्धितान्तम् ।। १२ ॥ आशामाशिषि ॥ १३ ॥ 1. B, वचनापराणि; P, S and K, वचनपरा०. 2. A, a, चापवादो०; L, वापदो० for वापवादो०. 3. B, S आमत्रित for तं; a, वी: for दैवी; L, देवे for दैवं; a, सर्वत्रं for °न. 4. A, &, B, Om. Stop. 5. P, S, K, L, unite and 5. 6. A, oral for तो. 7. a, B, read Sitra 8 and 9 as one. 8. K, काव्यमिति संहितायामग्रन्थे; S, काव्य इति०; संहिता is probably better, but the agreement of so many Mss. has induced the editor to adopt संज्ञा as a tentative reading. 9. B, तद्धिनांतम् .

·अथर्वप्रातिशाख्यम् । [१।३।१२ अर्वाचीनमिति' प्रत्ययान्तरं वा ॥ १४ ॥ महो देवस्य महतो देवस्येति ॥ १५ ॥ तद्वर्णलोपोऽन्तोदात्तत्वं च ॥ १६ ॥२॥४४ ॥ इति द्वितीयः पादः॥ पूर्वपदप्रकृतिखराऽपवादः ॥ १ ॥ अनुदात्तानि ॥ २ ॥ आख्यातानि नामसदृशानि ॥३॥ कम् इति निपातः ॥ ४ ॥ यथेति निपातः ॥ ५॥ आख्यातान्युपसर्गसदृशानि ॥ ६ ॥ आमत्रितानि स्वरविशिष्टानि ॥ ७ ॥ पादादीनामपवादः ॥८॥ आदिस्खरितानि ॥ ९॥ एकाक्षराणि खरितानि ।। १० ।। अनुदात्तानि स्वरितानि ॥ ११ ॥ द्वियकाराण्युत्तमे ॥ १२ ॥ 1. a,-इतिं प्रत्य०. 2. A, Om. Stop between 15 and 163; K, तद्वर्णोपोदात्तत्वं च; A, तद्वीलोपोतोत्तत्वं च. The editor had constructed a sort of eclectic text which, however, I, procured later on, fully supported. 3. L, Visargas (:) after ०पद and • स्वर; P, S, K, स्वरः तस्यापवादः. 4. A, B, B, किम् . It is, however, wrong, fax is not a fagra. 5. a, grat: for निपातः. 6. B, आख्यात्यानि; a, सदृश्यानि, probably under the retrogressive and progressive influence of न्यु०. 7.S, मादिः.

·२११११०] अथर्वप्रातिशाख्यम्। सर्व लिङ्गवचनेष्वसमासे तन्धोपस्पृशतेति ॥ १३ ॥ चत्वारि क्षैप्रश्च पंचपद्यामंतोदात्तादीन्या(?)यात् ॥ १४॥ उकारस्य सर्वत्र ॥ १५ ॥ ३ ॥ ५९ ॥ इति तृतीयः पादः ॥ प्रथमः प्रपाठकश्च समाप्तः ॥ अथ द्वितीयः प्रपाठकः। कन्यया ॥ १ ॥ एकारो विभक्त्यादेशश्छन्दसि ॥ २ ॥ सबैतिरन्यत्र ॥ ३॥ अर्कमिति मकारलोपः ॥ ४ ॥ शकल्येष्यादिषु पररूपम् ॥ ५॥ ईकारोकारौ च सप्तम्यर्थे ॥ ६ ॥ पूर्वमित्यसिन्नर्थे सयकारम् ॥ ७ ॥ यकारलोपः प्रत्ययान्तरं वा ॥८॥ अपवादो वा ॥९॥ वृषभ इति देवताऽऽख्यानम् ॥ १० ॥ 1. A, a, B, तत्त्वोपस्पृशतीति; L, तन्यो०, P, S, K, तन्वो०; a, ends with fafa and B, with fa only. For the text, cf. A. V. I, 33, 4 and X VI, 1, 13.2. S, पंचपंतोदात्ता० a, ०पद्योमतो; P, • निन्यायात्. 3. A, A, B and C only read 135 separately. 4. S, B, कन्यला. 5. 1, सवति०. 6. L, आक० Om. visarga :) at the end. 7. A, ईकाराकारौ; L, रोकारो, for the Text, cf. Pūņini, I, 1, 19 and Caturadhyāyī, I, 74. 3. a, अत्पादो वा. 9. A, a, B and C, Oin. the words after इति.

·४६ अथर्वप्रातिशाख्यम् । [२७ अस्तेः' प्रेषण्या मध्यमस्यैकवचनम् ॥ ११ ॥ इत्येतेरिहीत्यन्यत्र ॥ १२॥ परस्तात् पुरस्तादन्यानि ॥ १३ ॥ एकारान्तान्याकाराऽऽबाधे ॥ १४ ॥ यान्याऽऽकारोपधानि(पंकारान्तानि?)मकारान्तानिस्त्रियै(?)- कवचनानि इस्वोपधानि (वचनानि ॥ १५॥४॥७४ ॥ इति प्रथमः पादः॥ ऊष्मान्तानि स्वरान्ताऽऽबाधानि ॥ १ ॥ लोपसंदेहे ॥ २॥ तृतीयासंदेहे सांताच्च ॥ ३ ॥ आकारान्तात् प्रत्ययलोपिनः ॥ ४ ॥ आख्यातं गकारान्तादेव ॥५॥ भूतेऽद्यतन्या मध्यमस्सैकवचनम् ॥ ६ ॥ एना अनुदात्तम् ॥ ७ ॥ 1. A, a, B, आस्तेः, L आस्ते ; K, S, L, प्रेषण्या; a, Stop after आस्तेः, adds तेतेरिहे (?) before प्रेषण्या, probably an erratic anticipation of Sūtra, 12; P, TOUPIETART, an error and not a Var lee. 2. a, B, इत्ये० हेहीन्यत्र; L, इत्योते. हेत्यन्यत्र 8. L, न्यति. 4. S, P, आकारान्ताबाधे. 5. L, एकारान्तानि स्त्रियै०. पकारान्तानि seems to be an erroneous accretion All Mss, however, concur in this mistake; a, B, begir a new Sūtra. at ito; it may be a better division. 6. L संताच. 7. A, P, S and K, अकारा०, for आकारा; P, S, K also add च before प्रत्य; a, ends लोपिनिः. 8. S, P, डकारा for Torro; a, A, B, L alone stop after ga. 9. P, aga द्वितन्या०;a, B, अद्यतन्य for न्या. 10. L, Om. Stop.

·श अथर्वप्रातिशाख्यम्। ऊष्मान्तानि सकारे परतः संयोगादौ च ॥ ८॥ शकारादौ च ॥९॥ विश्वा विसर्जनीयान्त( न्ता ? ): ॥ १० ॥ खरान्तान्युष्मान्ताऽऽवाधानि ॥ ११ ॥ ऐना अन्तोदात्तम् ॥ १२ ॥ खरान्तानि सकारेपरतः संयोगादौ च ॥ १३ ॥ गोपा में स्तमभूतं गोपेति द्विवचने ॥ १४ ॥ एकवचन द्विवचनबहुवचनान्यूष्मान्तानि ॥ १५ ॥ प्रपा-कृपा-देवगोपा-इत्यतोऽन्यानि पा इत्यूष्मान्तानि।।१६।। भूरिधारा-शतधारा-मधुधारा-इत्येकवचनानि ॥१७॥ स्त्रीबहुवचनान्यूष्मान्तानि ॥ १८ ।। स्तनयनेति वृष्ट्या, पर्जन्यस्य वृष्ट्या, अभी तो वृष्ट्येति तृतीयैकवचनानि ॥ १९॥ ग्राह्याऽमित्रान्, ग्राह्या गृहा(:), ग्रायैनं विध्यामीति ॥२०॥ एना पृथिव्या, पृथिव्योऽरसा, संत्वा दधामि पृथिवीं पृथिव्या, दिवा पृथिव्येति ॥ २१ ॥ 1. a and B, उष्मान्ता० for ऊष्मा... B, सकारादौ for शका०. . a, B, एता for एना... A, a, B, L, alone read द्विवचने after इति. 5. A, , B, L, Om. द्विवचन; for textual certitude mark the plural ending of the Sūtra; B, Om. Stop between 14 and 15. 6. A, a, B, कूपा(पां) for कृपा; P, Om. in for कृपा A, A, B, पाद पा इत्यू० 7. A, स्तनंनिति; 8, स्तेनयंनिति; B, स्तेनयंनति; others, स्तयन्नेति; but, for the Text, cf. A. V. I, 12, 1. 8. a, ग्रहा for गृहा (:); L, गहान् , probably after अमित्रान्; all except L, Om. ग्राह्या before गृहा; , विद्यामि for विध्यामि. 9. ४, पृथिवी for oवीं; B, Om. पृथिव्या दिवा after पृथिवी. पा ·अथर्वप्रातिशाख्यम् । [२।३११ ता वो नामानि सिन्धवः, ख ता विश्वा, यस्ता विजा- नात् , आ पा ता गच्छान् , सर्वा ता यम अपितेति नपुं- सकबहुवचनानि ॥ २२ ॥ ५ ॥ ९६ ॥ इति द्वितीयः पादः॥ प्रो दीर्घः ॥ १॥ भूतेङः स्यादितः ॥ २॥ छन्दसि ॥ ३ ॥ अदन्तस्य ॥ ४ ॥ एष स व्यञ्जने ॥ ५ ॥ एकादेशे तु ॥ ६॥ आकारात् ॥ ७ ॥ कृदन्ते अन्यवर्णान्तांच्च ॥ ८ ॥ एना एहा आदयः प्रकृत्या ।। ९ ।। ते प्रगृह्यमध्ये" भूतादिभ्यः ॥ १० ॥ पतिरुत्तरपदमाधुदात्तम् ॥ ११ ॥ 1. P, नानामानि संधव; A, a, B, सिन्धवःस्त्रम् ; a, या for घा, गच्छन् for गच्छान् ; A, गच्छात्सर्वा, without the nasal. 2. L, Stop after इति. 1. 1, प्रा for प्रो. 4. A, S, Om. Anusvara on भूतें०; a and B only read oड.: with visargas. b. L, puts Sutra. 3 and / together. 6. L, अदन्त्यस्य. 7. All except K agree. a and L Om. Stop after Sutra, 5. 8. 4, A, L, no Stop after आकारात्. 9. A, a, B, Om. nasal in oन्ताच्च. 10. All except S and P, प्रकृत्याः प्रकृत्या. 11. A, a, B, L, Stop after मध्ये. for ·२।३२२६ अथर्वप्रातिशाख्यम् । ४९ 1 2 द्वियकाराणि ॥ १२ ॥ द्विर्जकारे ॥ १३ ॥ द्विलकारम् ॥ १४ ॥ द्विपकाराणि ॥ १५ ॥ द्वितकाराणि ॥ १६ ॥ द्विनकाराणि ॥ १७ ॥ एकारान्तानि ॥ १८ ॥ नानापदानि ॥१९॥ अभ्यासस्य ॥ २० ॥ आकारान्तानि प्रेषण्या मध्यमस्सैकवचनानि ॥ २१ ॥ नैर्गमी तकाराऽऽबाधे ॥ २२ ॥ खरितान्तान्युद्गात्तसंहितान्युदात्तेनैकादेशे ॥ २३ ॥ प्रतिषेध उदात्तोऽसदादेशे ॥ २४ ॥ ङकारावग्रहाणि ॥ २५ ॥ नकारावग्रहे प्रकृतिभावश्च ॥ २६ ॥ 7 1. B, for द्विः , प्रकाराणि for °पकाराणि. 2. 4, a, B, L, Om. at the top. 3. a, द्वि for द्विर: B, लकारः for लकारम् . 4. S, oqufa for oggi. 5. P, S, K, L, begin with short अ; L, stops before प्रेषण्याः, 4, प्रेषण्याः for प्रेषण्या:. 6. K, निगमी; A, B, नकारा० for तकारा०. 7. P, स्वरिताता; A, a, B, उदात्तं संहितानि. 8. A, प्रतिषेधे....शोरुकारा; B, प्रतिषेदे तूदा०, P, प्रतिषध०. 9. a, B, read Sutra, 86 and ar together. 9 ·५० ''રાધાર अथर्वप्रातिशास्यम् । मकारावग्रहाणि ॥ २७॥ सु इत्येतेनोपसर्गेण ॥ २८ ॥ खशब्देन ॥ २९॥ ६॥१२५॥ इति तृतीयः पादः। ददातेः ॥१॥ इति सार्वधातुके ॥२॥ रयिं दो इंति भूते ॥३॥ समानाधिकरणे समानार्थे पदव्यवायेऽप्यसै शतादीनि चान्तोदात्तानि ॥ ४॥ लुप्तशेषेणावग्रहः प्रकृत्यादेशश्च ॥ ५ ॥ दन्तपादहृदयोदकनासिकासहसमानरात्रिजायादारुमासाः पुंसि शेकृच्छ्रमावद्गंभीरमिति (१) ॥ ६ ॥ नलोपे च पादय ॥ ७ ॥ दीर्घायुत्वांयादिषु च ॥ ८ ॥ पातयतेदर्दीर्घोपधस्य ॥ ९ ॥ 1. &, सुकारा, B, लकारा०; L, पकारा०. 2. a, म इत्येतेन. 3. 4, सार्वधातुके; , सर्वधातुके. 4. B, दि for दा (:), but see A. V. II, 5, 6. 5. A, B, Om. q in 960; K, ज्यव्याये; P, व्यव्याहेरप्य , शदादीनि for शतादीनि चान्ते for चान्तोदा; भवान्तो दा; 1, वांतोदा०. 6. P, प्रत्यादेशश्च for प्रकृत्या०. 7. K, हृदयोनाः सहमान% A, दारुसमासा००७वद्वम्भीर मिति; a, दारुदासा; B follows A; P, नासहसमान०० दासा.. 8. L, पादस्थे for पादस्य. 9. S, दीर्घायुदिषु. 10. A, B, a, L, पातयंते. र at the end not in Mas.

·३।११६] अथर्वप्रातिशाख्यम् । पादयतिरन्यत्र ॥ १० ॥ पद्यतिरन्यत्र ॥ ११॥ सयकाराणि ॥ १२॥ तमित्यसिन्नर्थे ॥ १३ ॥ उत्तमा उत्तमेष्विति ॥ १४ ॥ तकारान्ते ॥ १५॥ नकारान्तानि मकाराऽबाधे ॥ ६५ ।। मकारान्तानि ॥ १७ ॥ नकारान्तानि ॥ १८ ॥ ७॥ १४३ ।। इति चतुर्थः पादः। इति द्वितीयः प्रपाठकश्च । अथ तृतीयः प्रपाठकः। रेफप्रकृतिघोषवत् खरेषु ॥ १ ॥ अव्ययानि च ॥ २ ॥ आमत्रित उकार इतावना प्रकृत्या ॥ ३ ॥ अंपिपूर्वो दर्धातिः ॥ ४॥ आमेडितसमासस्य ॥५॥ अर्नामेडितानि (?)डितसदृशानि ॥ ६॥ 1. A, B, तंकारांते. 2. A, a, B, L, तकारान्तानि. 3. L, स्वारेषु for स्वरेषु. 4. A, चुकार for उ०, नार्थे for नार्षे, for Text, of. C. A., I, 81.; K, A and B, प्रकृत्याः at the end. 5. L, यदाति; A, B, K, P, दधाति; S, दधामि. 6. L, आमृ०, 4, a, आम्र. 7. B, S, K, आम्रेडितानाने; P, आनेडि. arai so; , Om. the portion after parat foarfa. In all likelihood, तान्याने० may be the genuine roading.

·५२ अथर्वप्रातिशाख्यम्। [२१२२ षत्वणत्वोपाचारदीर्घत्वसमापत्तेः ॥ ७ ॥ कृणोत्विति ॥ ८॥ मतौ हवः॥९॥ संहितायां विसर्जनीयस्य ॥ १० ॥ उत्तममुदात्तम् ॥ ११ ॥ उत्तरपदे इस्खः ॥ १२ ॥ आद्यक्षरस्य वृद्धिः॥ १३ ॥ यकारादौ बहुलं दीर्घः ॥ १४ ॥ गविष्टौ गवेषण इति नै लोपो वकारस्य ॥ १५ ॥ शपथेय्यं सहशेय्यायेत्येकारात् परो यकारः॥ १६ ॥ पूर्वपरौं इस्खौ ॥ १७॥ आकारकारीवागमौ पूर्वस्य ॥ १८ ॥ विधेमेत्यन्यत्र ॥ १९ ॥ अकारान्तान्वि(१)ति ॥ २० ॥ एकारान्ताच ।। २१ ।। उकारान्ताच्च ॥ २२ ॥८१६५ ॥ इति प्रथमः पादः। 1. Some Mss. उपचार for उपाचार. 2. 0, उदात्यम् for उदात्तम् . 3. a, मलोपः for नलोपः. 4. A, a, B, L, P, K, सहसेय्या०, but सहशे० alone used in the A. V.; B, L, P, K, 'त्यकारात् for °त्येकारात्. 5. P, K, हस्तौ as a separate Sutra. 6. L alone begins with long आ; L, रेकारागमौ; A, रागमौ; a, रागमो for "रावागमौ; B, P, S, K, आगमः. 7. A, Fea; a, Om. gfar before 19. 8. S reads area grenarna bofore Sūtra, 20. But this has already been taught; ride, II, 1, 13.

·३।२।१८] अथर्वप्रातिशाख्यम्। उत्पूर्वो हृषिः ॥ १॥ एकवचनान्यत्र ॥ २॥ तकारान्तानि ॥३॥ धन्ताद्वा सुर्न लुप्यते कृदन्ताद्वा ॥ ४ ॥ एंकारादीन्येतेमुस्तन्याम् ॥ ५ ॥ आख्यातेन विग्रह उपसर्गेण च ॥ ६ ॥ अव्ययेन च ॥ ७ ॥ यथाशास्त्रं क्रमसंयोगे ॥ ८॥ रेफमध्ये तकारः॥९॥ रेफमध्ये सकारः॥ १० ॥ ख्यातौ ख्ययौ शुश्रुषीति बाधौ शुचेः(2) ॥ ११ ॥ यकारान्तः संयोगः ॥ १२ ॥ हकारान्तः संयोगः ॥ १३ ॥ तमौ ॥ १४ ॥ गमौ ॥१५॥ कनौ ॥ १६॥ पनौ ॥ १७ ॥ ककारादि()संयोगः ॥ १८ ॥ 6 1. a, ऋषिः; P, हृषि for हृषिः. 2. K, अत्र for अन्यत्र. 5. S, ग्यता...सु प्यते; A, B, ड्यन्ताद्वर्न; a, also °लुप्यते. 4. एकादीनि; A, एते ह्यस्त; L, ह्यस्तन्या. 5. A, ख्याते, ख्यायौ शुश्रुशीति, 4, • शुश्रुषिति; P, begins तौ ख्ययौ, K, शुश्रुखीति; L, ख्याती श्रयौ शुश्रुखी विबोधौ. The text here is extremely corrupt, no single codex can be said to be even partially right. For partial restoration, of. 4. V. IV, 83, 1. 6. a, वमौक, बमौ.

·अथर्वप्रातिशाख्यम् । [२।३० रेफादि(6)संयोगः ॥ १९ ॥ कृत्तीर्शानीतीकारः ॥ २० ॥ यो अश्येनेति यकारः ॥ २१ ॥ विकारेऽवयवे वा ॥ २२ ॥ हैरण्यैरिति णयौ ॥ २३ ॥ ताम्रधुम्रा इति मरौ ॥ २४ ॥ नद्यो वैशन्तों इत्ययकारम् ॥ २५ ॥ स्वष्ट्रेव रूपम् इति तृतीयान्तम् ॥ २६ ॥ अमरुध्म इति धमौ ॥ २७ ॥ कल्मलिः कुल्मलमितिलमौ ॥ २८ ॥ पत्ते' द्वितकारम् ॥ २९ ॥ प्रादहस्ता समजत इति रेफङकारादिः ॥ ३० ॥ 1. K, A, short तिकारः. 2. A, a, यो अश्वेनेति यकारान्ताः, 3. a, अवेयवे. 4. S, हिरण्यैः; A, a, हिरण्यौ; a, ends with oprati, probably (:) is an erroneous accretion to णायो, an orthographic equivalent of ret; cf. Description of Mss. 5. A, , वेश्मशन्त्या०; a, onds with इत्यकारम् Mss. authority invariably includes the portion OTFETT gào. The Text offers the reading required by the A. V. as well as the purport of the enunciation. A. V. I, 3, 7 (वत्रं वेशन्त्या इव) and A. Y. XI, 8, 10 (समुद्रा नद्यो वेशन्ताः) seem to have been commingled. 6. S, मिति for इति; 8, रुधा इति. 7. Mss. other than A, L, कल्मलमिति०; P, कल्मलीमिति. 8. L, सन्ते. 15. The Mss. are very corrupt. More than one Sútra, has been dragged back from the next section. Consequently, Sūtra, 30, is taught thrice. A and, a err most. दीर्घोपधः सप्तधातु विसर्जनीयस्य comes between आईहस्ता and समक. Variants for समझ are स्यमेत, समेत; रेफकारादिः रेफनकारादिः, एकारादिः, उकारादिः संयोगः, for the Text, of, A. V. XII, 3, 13.

·३३३३१३] अथर्वप्रातिशाख्यम् । ५५ तिर्यमिति तिरौ ॥ ३१ ॥ ऋभ्वाणं मातरिभ्वरी इति भवौ ॥ ३२ ॥ अनन्तमन्तवचा समन्ते, प्रयद्भन्दिष्ठो, जिहां निद्वन्द्वीति नकारादिः ॥ ३३ ॥९॥१९८ ।। इति द्वितीयः पादः। नकारस्य विसर्जनीयः ॥ १॥ नकारस्य रेफः ॥२॥ इखोपधस्य तवर्गे प्रकृत्यां ॥ ३ ॥ दीर्घोपधः सप्तधातु विसर्जनीयस्य ॥ ४ ॥ यथापरुसमासे सकारः कपयोः ॥ ५ ॥ पञ्चम्याः परौं ॥६॥ विसर्जनीयस्य सकारः ॥ ७ ॥ षत्वस्थापवाद: ।।८।। अनुपसर्गात् पकारः ।। ९॥ पूर्वपदात् ॥ १० ॥ उपसर्गस्योत्तरपदे दीर्घः ॥ ११ ॥ अनिग्येषूत्तरपदे दीर्घः ॥ १२ ॥ इंग्येषु च ॥ १३॥ 1. A, a, fruit for fatti rent appears to be the real reading. 2. A, ऋभ्वणं मातरिभ्वी; a, ऋभूर्णे०० भ्वौ भ्वी; L, मातरि भ्वरीति. Only K, observes the hiatus (प्रकृतिभाव) as adopted in the Text. 3. L, alone अनन्तम् before अन्त०, Om. (:) after नकारादि (:). 4. A, a, L, read Sutra, 2 and 3 together. 5. K, प्रकृत्याः. 6. L, दीर्घोपधाः, see note 15 on III, 2, 30. 7. A, B, Om. Stop. 8. A, a, L, Om. Shitra, 10. 9. K, A, L, अनिंगे; a, भानिगेषू०. 10. S, alone uses य in इंग्येषु. Om. सप्त ·५६ अथर्वप्रातिशाख्यम्। [३३१७ अभ्यासस्य दीर्घः छन्दसि ॥ १४ ॥ अश्वादीनां मतौ ॥ १५॥ सर्वलिंगवचनेषु च ॥ १६ ॥ प्रथमस्य ॥ १७ ॥ द्वितीयस्य ॥ १८ ॥ सानासाहादीनामुत्तरपदाद्यस्य ॥ १९ ॥ नामेत्यस्य हृवान्तमसमासे ॥ २० ॥ निपाताव्ययानामुत्तरपदाद्यस्य ॥ २१ ॥ १० ॥ २१९ ॥ इति तृतीयः पादः। अंचती लुप्तप्रत्ययेनेंग्यते ॥१॥ देवताद्वन्द्वै दीर्घाद् भिभ्याभ्यस्सु ॥ २ ॥ समस्तमेकाक्षरं वृद्धया ॥ ३ ॥ एकाक्षरमवर्णान्तम् ॥४॥ खरलिंगखरविभक्तिवचनविशेषेषु ॥ ५॥ वर्णलिंगखरविभक्तिवाक्यव्यत्ययश्छन्दसि ॥६॥ वर्णलोपागमहस्वदीर्घप्लुत-आत्मनेभाषा-परसैभाषा अपि- यन्त्यपियन्ति ॥ ७ ॥११॥ २२६॥ इति चतुर्थः पादः। इति तृतीयः प्रपाठकश्च । आथर्षणे संहितालक्षणग्रन्थे प्रातिशाख्यमूलसूत्रं पूर्णम् । 1. Some Mss. read Sutra, 17, 18 together. 2. K, नामेत्यह. 3. a, अंतचौ; K, A, end with नेग्यते. 4. K, द्वे; , as दे after द्वन्द्वे. 5. K, समेकाक्षर. 6. L, प्रम् for० न्तम्. 7. P. Om. दीर्घo before सुत. 8. S, 91061 99 in addition to the usual onding, probably afore or afogat, another word for पादा i. G., there are eleven Pādas in all in the treatise. .

·APPENDICES.
1. Alphabetical Index to the Sūtras.
II.
Word- index to the Sūtras.
III. Index to the Grammatical technique used in
the treatise.
IV. Tabulated Index to Atharvan Passages cited
or referred to in the Text.
V. Alphabetical list of Gaņas used in the
treatise.

·No text on this page.

·APPENDIX I. Alphabetical Index to the Sūtras. अ. iii, 2, i, 2, i, 1, i, 3, अकमिति ii, 1, 4. अकारादिति 7. अकारान्तान्वि(?)तिiii, 1, 20. अकारान्त इति i, 2, 8. अञ्चता लुप्तेति iii, 4, 1. अथातो न्यायेति 1. अदन्तस्य ii, 3, 4. अनामेडितेति iii, 1, 6. अनिग्येष्विति iii, 3, 12. अनुदात्तानि i, 3, 2. अनुदात्तानीति i, 3, 11. अनुपसर्गादिति iii, 3, 9. अन्तवच्च iii, 2, 33. अन्तोदात्तानि i, 2, 10. अन्ययोगादिति i, 1, 25. अपरुध्मेति iii, 2, 27. अपवाद इति 9. अपिपूर्व इति iii, 1, 4. अभ्यासस्य ii, 3, 20. अभ्यासस्येति iii, 3, 14. अर्थपादेति i, 1, 18. अर्द्धस्येति i, 2, 3. अर्वाचीनमिति i, 2, 14. अवर्णमध्य इति i, 1, 6. अवर्णान्ताच्च 7. अव्ययानि च iii, 1, 2. अव्ययेन च 7. अश्वादीनामिति iii, 3, 15. अस्तेरिति ii, 1, 11. आ. आकारेति iii, 1, 18. आकारात् ii, 3, 7. आकारान्तानीति ii, 3, 21. आकारान्ताच्चेति ii,2, 4. आख्यातमिति ii, 2, 5. आख्यातानीति i, 3, 3. आख्यातान्युपसर्गेति i, 3, 6. आख्यातेनेति iii, 2, 6. आदिखरितानि 9. आद्याक्षरस्येति iii, 1, 13. आमन्त्रित इति iii, 1, 3. आमन्त्रितमिति i, 2, 2. आमन्त्रितादिति i, 1, 23. आमन्त्रितानीति i, 3, 7. आमेडितेति iii, 1, 5. आर्द्रहस्ता इति iii, 2, 30. आशामिति i, 2, 13. इ. इकारादौ च i, 1, 8. इंग्येषुच iii, 3, 13. इति सार्वधातुके ii, 4, 2. इत्येतेरिति ii, 1, 12. ii, 1, ii, 1, ई. ईकारेति ii, 1, 6.

·Lx APPENDIX I. उ. क. ii, 4, उकारान्ताच्च उत्तममिति उत्तमा इति उत्तरपद इति उत्पूर्व इति उपसर्गेति उपसर्गस्येति iii, 1, 22. iii, 1, 11. 14. iii, 1, 12. iii, 2, 1. i, 1, 12. iii, 3, 11. ii, 1, i, 3, ककारादि० कनौ कन्यया कमिति कल्मलिः० काव्य. कृणोतु० कृती: कृदन्ते. iii, 2, 18. iii, 2, 16. 1. 4. iii, 2, 28. i, 2, 11. iii, 1, 8. iii, 2, 20. i, 1, 10. ii, 3, 8. ख. iii, 2, 11. .. ऊष्मान्तानीति ऊ. 2, 2,. 1. 2, 2, 8. ऋ. ख्याताविति ऋभ्वाणामिति iii, 2, 32. गतिपूर्व० गमौ गविष्टौ. ग. i, 1, 11. iii, 2, 15. iii, 1, 15. ii, 2, 14. ii, 2, 20. गोपा० प्राया. ii, 2, 15. iii, 2, 2. iii, 4, 4. i, 3, 10. 6. ii, 1, 2. iii, 2, 5. ii, 3, एकवचनेति एकवचनानि. एकाक्षरम्० एकाक्षराणि एकादेश इति एकार इति एकारादीनि० एकारादौ च० एकारान्ताच्च० एकारान्तानि एकारान्तानि एके न० एना डकार. ii, 3, 25. iii, 2, 4. ड्यन्तातू० i, 1, 9. च. चत्वारि० चयोगात्० i, 3, 14. i, 1, 21. छ. iii, 1, 21. ii, 3, 18. ii, 1, 14. 14. 7. ii, 2, 12. ii, 2, 21. ii, 3, 9. i, 1, ii, 2, छन्दसि ii, 3, 3. जाति i, 2, 5.

·APPENDIX I. LXI नकारस्य तकारान्तानि तकारान्ते तपूर्ण० तमिति तमो ii, 3, त. iii, 2, 3. ii, 4, 16. i, 2, 15. ii, 4, 13. iii, 2, 14. ii, 2, 22. iii, 2, 24. iii, 2, 31. ii, 2, 3. ii, 3, 10. iii, 2, 26. ताव:० ताम्रधूम्रा० तिर्यम् तृतीया नकारान्तानि नकारान्तानि नकारावग्रहे. नद्यो वेशन्ताः नपुंसकम् नपुंसकम् नलोपे० न हीति नाना. नाम निपात. नैगम० न. iii, 3, 1. iii, 3, 2. ii, 4, 18. ii, 4, 16. 26. iii, 2, 25. i, 2, 9. i, 2, 4. ii, 4, 7. i, 1, 26. ii, 3, 19. iii, 3, 20. iii, 3, 21. 22. ते प्रगृह्य० त्वष्ट्रेव० . द ii, 3, दक्षिणा ददातेः दन्तपाद० दीर्घायु. दीर्घोपध० देवताद्वन्द्वे० द्विः० ii, 4, ii, 3, i, 2, 12. ii, 4, 1. ii, 4, 6. 8. iii, 3, 4. iii, 4, 2. ii, 3, 13. ii, 3, 14. 16. i, 2, 6. iii, 3, 18. ii, 3, 17. i, 1, 15. ii, 3, 15. 12. 12. i, 1, 4. i, 2, 1. द्वितकाराणि द्वितीय द्वितीयस्य द्विनकाराणि द्विनतिकानि द्विपकाराणि द्वियकाराणि द्वियकाराणि. द्विरुदात्तम्० द्विषः० . प. iii, 3, 6. ii, 3, 11. i, 1, 3. j, 1, 2. ii, 4, 11. iii, 2, 17. j, 1, 16. i, 1, 17. ii, 1, 13. ii, 4, 9. ii, 4, 10. i, 3, 8. i, 3, 1. iii, 3, 10. iii, 1, 17. ii, 1, 7. पञ्चम्या:० पति० पदविधिरिति पदानाम्० पद्यतिः पनौ परकारणानि परयोगीनि परस्तात्० पातयतेः० पादयतिः० पादादीनाम् पूर्वपद. पूर्वपदात् पूर्वपरौ० पूर्वम्० ii, 3, i, 3, ·LX11 APPENDIX I. ii, 3, ii, 1, लुप्तशेष लोपसन्देहे ii, 4, 5. ii, 2, 2. प्रतिषेधे० प्रत्यञ्चाम् प्रथमस्य प्रपा० प्रोदीर्घः 24. 5. iii, 3, 17. ii, 2, 16. ii, 3, 1. भ. वचनात्परेण वर्णलिङ्ग वर्णलोप० वाक्य विपर्यये वायोगात्० विकारे० 2. भूते. भूरिधारा० व. i, 1, 28. iii, 4, 6. iii, 4, 7. i, 1, 20. i, 1, 22. iii, 2, 22. iii, 1, 19. ii, 2, 10. 7. ii, 1, 10. 19. ii, 3, ii, 2, 17. म. ii, 3, 27. ii, 4, 17. iii, 1, 9. i, 2, 15. मकार० मकारान्तानि विधेम० मतौ ह्रस्वः iii, 3, विश्वाः विसर्जनीयस्प० वृषभः व्याघ्रादीनि महो देवस्य i, 1, यकारलोपः यकारादौ शकल्य. शकारादौ शपथेय्यम् रा. ii, 1, 5. ii, 2, 9. iii, 1, 16. यकारान्तः यथा यथेति निपातः यथाशास्त्रम् यदिति यानि० यो अश्वयेन० ii, 1, 8. iii, 1, 14. iii, 2, 12. iii, 3, 5. i, 3, 5. iii, 2, 8. i, 1, 27. 15. iii, 2, 21. षख० षखस्य. ii, 1, र. रयिंदाः रेफप्रकृति रेफमध्ये ii, 4, 3. iii, 1, 1. iii, 2, 9. iii, 2, 10. iii, 2, 19. संहितायाम् सचतिः सत्ते० समन्ते समस्तम् समानाधिकरण सयकाराणि सर्वलिङ्ग iii, 1, 7. iii, 3, 8. स. iii, 1, 10. ii, 1, 3. iii, 2, 29. iii, 2, 33. iii, 4, 3. ii, 4, 4. ii, 4, 12. i, 3, 13. iii, 3, 16. रेफादि . लप्तकारणानि i, 1, 24.

·APPENDIX I.
LXIII
सानासाह०
खरितान्तानि
स्वशब्देन
ii, 3, 23.
29.
सु इति
ii, 3,
स्तनयन्०
स्वरलिङ्ग
स्वरान्तानि०
iii, 3, 19.
ii, 3, 28.
ii, 2, 19.
5.
ii, 2, 11.
ii, 2, 13.
iii, 4,
iii, 2,
हकारान्तः
हैरण्यैः
हखोपधस्य
ह.
13.
iii, 2, 23.
3.
iii, 3,

·APPENDIX II. Word-index to the Sūtras. Note:-- denotes quotation from the Atharvavcda. अ. i, 3, i, 1, i, 2, ii, 1, 3, iii, 2, ii, 3, i, 2, ii, 3, ii, 2, अकम् ii, 1, 4. अकारणानि i, 1, 24. अकारात् 7. अकारान्तः i,2, 8. अकारान्तानु (१) iii, 1, 20. अग्रन्थे i, 2, 11. अजरादीनाम् 7. अञ्चतौ iii, 4, 1. अतः i, 1, 1; ii, 2, 15. अथ i, 1, 1. अदन्तस्य 4. अद्यतन्याः 6. अधिकरणे ii, 4, 4. अनामेडितसदृशानि iii, 1, 6. अनार्षे 3. अनिघातः i, 1, 21, 22, 25. अनिंग्येषु iii, 3, 12. अनुदात्तम् ii, 2, 7. अनुदात्तानि i, 1, 19; i, 3, 2, 11. अनुपसर्गात् iii, 3, 9. अनेन i, 1, 26, 27. अन्तवत् iii, 2, 33. अन्तोदात्तम् 4; ii, 2, 12. अन्तोदात्तत्वम् i, 2, 16. ; अन्तोदात्तानि i, 2, 10, ii, 4, 4. अन्तोदात्तादीनि 14. अन्य. 25. अन्यत्र 12; ii, 4, 10, 11, iii, 1, 19; 2. अन्यवर्णान्तात् 8. अन्यानि ii, 1, 133; ii, 2, 16. अप iii, 2,27. अपवादः i, 1, 28;1, 3, 1, 83; ii, 1,9; iii, 3, 8. अपि ii, 4, 4. अपिपूर्वः 4. अपियन्ति 7. अपोदितम् i, 1, 19. q अभीपतः ii, 2, 19. १ अभूतम् ii, 2, 14. अभ्यासस्य ii, 3, 20%B 14. q अमित्रान् ii, 2, 20. अयकारम् iii, 2, 25. अर्थ 18. अर्थे 6. अर्थे i,2,8; ii, 1, 78 ii, 4, 13. iii, 1, iii, 4, iii, 1, iii, 3, i, 1, ii, 1, i, 2, ·APPENDIX H. iii, 4, ii, 3, i, 3, iii, 1, अश्वेन ii, 2, 7, i, 2, i, 3, 13; भरख i, 2, 3. আহবান i, 3, 3, 6. अपिता ii, 2, 22. आख्यातेन iii, 2, 6. १ अर्वाचीनम् i, 2, 14. आख्यानम् ii, 1, 10. • अवप्रहः ii, 3, 26. आगमः iii, 1, 18. अवप्रहः ii, 4, 5. आत्मनेभाषा 7. अवयवे iii, 2, 22. आदयः 9. अवर्ण i, 1, 6. आदिषु i,1, 18%Bii, 1, 5. अवर्णान्तम् iii, 4, 4. आदिखरितानि 9. भवर्णान्तात् i, 1, 7. आदीनाम् i, 1, 19. अव्ययानि 2. आदीनि i, 1, 19. अव्ययेन iii, 2, 7. आदेशः ii, 1, 2. अश्वादीनाम् iii, 3, 15. आदौ i, 1, 8; ii, 2, 6; iii, 2,21. 9. असमविभागे 3. आद्याक्षरस्य iii, 1, 13. असमासे आद्यस्य iii, 3, 19. iii, 3, 20. आद्युदात्तात् i,1, 23. अस्तेः ii, 1, 11. आमश्रित -i, 1, 18. असदादेशे ii, 3, 24. आमश्रितः iii, 1, 3. अस्मिन् 1,2,83; ii,1, 7; आमश्रितम् i, 2, 2. ii, 4, 13. आमन्त्रितात् i,1, 23. अस्मै ii, 4, 4. आमन्त्रितानि i, 3, 7. आमेडितसमासस्य iii, 1, 5. आ. आमेडितानाम् ? iii, 1, 6. आ ii, 2, 22. आईहस्ताः iii, 2, 30. आकार. iii, 1, 18. १ आशाम् 13. आकारात् ii, 3, 7. आशिषि i, 2, 13. आकारान्तात् ii, 2, 4. आकारान्तानि ii, 3, 21. इ. आकाराऽऽसाधे ii,1, 14. इकारः iii,2,20. आकारे i,1, 6. इकारादौ i, 1, 8. সরকারি ii, 1, 15. इंग्यते iii, 4, 1. भारुमातम् i, 1, 12, 188 इंग्येषु iii, 3, 13. ii, 2, 5. खः ii, 3, 2 १ i, 2, ·BHI AÞPENDIX -HI. iii, 1, ch ii, 1, उ . iii, 1, iii, 1, iiii, 2, j, 3, . इति e. g. i, 1, 3, 26, 27. उपसर्गेण ii, 3,2838 इतौ 3. iii, 2, 6. इदम् i, 2, 4. उपसर्गे i, 1, 10. इहि ii, 1, 12. q उपस्पृशतेति i, 3, 13. उपाचार iii,1, 7. इंकार 6. q उस्सा ii, 2,21. ऊ. ऊम्मान्तानि ii,2,1, 8, 15. उकारः iii, 1, 3. उकारस्य 1, 3, 15. 16, 18. उकारान्तात् ऊष्मान्ताबाधाऽऽनि ii, 2, 11. 22. उत्तमम् 11. ऋ. उत्तमाः ii, 4, 14. ऋभ्वाणाम् 32. उत्तमे 12. ए. उत्तमेषु ii, 4, 14. एकवचन० ii, 2, 15. उत्तरपदम् ii, 3, 11. एकवचनम् ii, 1, 11; उत्तरपदाथस्य iii, 3, 19, 21. ii, 2, 6.. उत्तरपदे iii, 1, 12;. एकवचनानि ii, 1, 15; iii, 3, 11, 12. ii, 2, 17; ii, 3, 21;, उत्पूर्वः iii, 2, 1. iii, 2, 2. ० उदक. ii, 4, 6. एकाक्षरम् iii, 4, 3, 4. उदात्तसंहितानि ii, 3,23. एकाक्षराणि i, 3, 10. उदात्तः 24. एकादेशे - i, 1, 63; उदात्तम् 11. ii, 3, 6, 23. उदात्तम् i, 1, 4;i, 2, 5, 7. एकारः ii, 1, 2.. उदात्तत्वम् 16. एकारात् iii, 1, 16. उदात्तात् i, 1, 23. एकारादीनि iii, 2, 5. उदात्तानि i, 2, 6. एकारादौ 9. उदात्तेन ii, 3,23. एकारान्तात् iii, 1,21. • उपधानि 15. एकारान्तानि ii, 1, 14; उपसर्गपूर्वम् i, 1, 12. ii, 3, 18. उपसर्गसदृशानि 6. एकारी iii, 1, 18.. नपसर्गस्थ. iii, 3, 11.... एके i, 1,14. : ii, 3, iii, 1, j, 2, i, 1, ji, 1, i, 3, .

·, APPENDIX-NI. LUXVII . गौ माविष्टौ एति एतेः एनम् एना . iii, 2, 15. ii, 1, 15. १ १ गवेषणे - - ii;2, 19. ii, 1, 12; iii, 2, 5. ii, 2, 20. ii, 2, 7, 12.21; ii, 3, 9. ii, 2, 5. ii, 3, 9. १ गोपा q गृहाः १ पाया ii, 2, ii, 2, , एव एहा 14. 20. ii, 2, 20. घ. ii,2,22. iii, 1, 1. घ घोषवत् iii, 2, iii, 2, डकारादिः डकाराऽवग्रहाणि ख्यन्तात् ? 30. ii, 3, 25. iii, 2, 4. . q कल्मलिः क. ककारादिः 18. कनौ iii, 2, 16. १ कन्यया ii, 1, 1. कपयोः iii, 3, 5. कम् i, 3, 4. iii, 2, 28. • कारणानि i, 1, 16, 24. काव्यम् i, 2, 11. 1 कुल्मलम् iii, 2, 28. १ कृणोतु iii, 1,8. - iii, 2, 20. कृदन्तात् 4. कृदन्ते i,1, 10; ii, 3, 8. ii, 2, 16. कमसंयोगे iii, 2, 8. क्षेप्रः i, 4, 14. i, 3, १ कृत्तीः iii, 2, च e.g.i, 1, 78 ii, 3, 26; ii, 2, 8. चत्वारि 14. चयोगात् i, 1, 21. छ. छन्दसि ii, 1, 23; ii, 3, 33; iii, 3, 14; iii, 4, 6. ज. जकारे ii, 3, 13. जातिः i; 2, 5. जाया ii, 4, 6. q जिहाम् iii, 2, 33. - 9 कृपा ख. क्ययो ख्याती iii, 2, 11. ण. ८ णत्व.. णयौ iii, 1, 7. iii, 2, 23. गकारान्तात् १ गच्छान् ii, 2, 5. ii, 2, 22. i,1,11. त. मतिपूर्वः तकार: iii,2,9.

·APPIRMY. १ तन्वा j, 3, ii, 4, iii, 3, iii, 3, ii, 2, तकारान्तानि iii, 2, 3. तकारान्ते ii, 4, 15. तकाराऽऽयाचे ii, 3,22. तत्० j, 1,28; 1, 2, 163 तद्धितान्तम् i, 2, 12. 13. १ तम् 13. तमी iii, 2, 14. लबर्गे 3. तस्य i, 2, 4;i, 3, 1. १ ता 22. १ ताम्रधूम्राः iii, 2, 24. iii, 2, 31. ii, 3,6; iii, 3, 4. तृतीया 3. तृतीयान्तम् iii, 2, 26. तृतीयैकवचनानि ii, 2, 19. iii, 2, 33. ते ii, 3, 10. त्वम् ii, 2, 22. q त्वष्ट्रेव iii, 2, 26. १त्वा ii,2,21. : १ देवस्य j, 2, १ तिर्यग् तु १ दैवी i, 2, ii, 2, हर्षी 1, 3, 1; iii, 1, 143 iii, 3, 11, 12, 14. दीर्घत्व. iii, 1, 7. पर्धात् iii, 4, 2. q दीर्घायुत्वायादिषु ii, 4, 8. सीपधः 4. दीर्घोपधस्य ii, 4, 9. q दूर्शानि iii, 2, 20. ५ देवमोपा ii, 2, 16. देवताऽऽख्यानम् ii, 1, 10. देवताद्वन्द्वे iii,.4, 2. 15. १ दैवम् i, 2, 2. 2. द्विः ii, 3, 13, 14. द्वितकारम् iii, 2,29. द्वितकाराणि 16. द्वितीयस्य iii, 3, 18. द्वितीयोदात्तानि i, 2, 6. द्विनकाराणि ii, 3, 17. द्विन (3) तिकानि i, 1, 15. द्विपकाराणि ii, 3, 15. द्वियकाराणि i, 3, 12; ii, 3, 12. द्विरुदात्तम् i, 1, 4. द्विवचने 14. द्विषः i,2, 1. i, 1, 5, 14. युपसर्गे i, 1, 10. ii, 3, १ तृन्दि द. १ दक्षिणा ददातेः धातिः ii, 2, दधामि i, 2, 12. ii, 4, 1. iii, 1, 4. ii, 2, 21. ii, 4, 6. ii, 4, 3. ii, 4, 6. ii,2,21. द्वे इन्त. दाः ] दारु 1 दिवा धमा iii,2,27.

·APRINDIX. A.. . iii, 2, iii, 2, ii, 4, i, 1, iii, 3, धातुः i, 1, 11. पदलोपेषु i, 1,20. ii, 2, 17. पद विधिः i, 1, 3. पदव्यवाये ii, 4, पदानाम् i, 1, 2. न i, 1, 14; iii, 1, 15. पद्यतिः ii, 4, 11. नकारस्स iii, 3, 1, 2. पनौ iii, 2, 17. नकारादिः 33. परः iii, 1, 16. नकारान्तानि ii, 4, 16, 18. परम् i, 2, 7. नकारावग्रहे ii, 3, 26. परकारणानि i, 1, 16. • नति? i, 1, 15. परयोगीनि i, 1, 17. नद्यः 25. परतः ii, 2, 8, 13. नपुंसकस्य i, 2, 4. १ परस्तात् ii, 1, 13. नपुंसकम् i, 2, 9. परस्मैभाषा: iii, 4, 7. नपुंसकबहुवचनानि 1, 2, 22. परेण 28. नलोपे 7. परुसमासे 5. नहि i, 1, 26. परौ iii, 3, 6. नानापदानि 19. q पर्जन्यस्य ii, 2, 19. नाम iii, 3, 20. पा i, 2, 16. नामसरशानि 3. पातयतेः ii, 2, 22. ii, 4, 9. पाद. 20. ji, 4, 6. • पाद. 1, 1, 18; ii, 4, 6. iii, 2, 33. पादयतिः ii, 4, 10. निपातः 5. पादस्य ii, 4, 7. निपाताव्ययानाम् iii, 3,21. नैगमी पादादीनाम् ii, 3, 22. i, 1, 19; i, 3, 8. न्यायाध्ययनस्य 1. पार्षदम् i, 1, 1. प. १ पुरस्तात् ii, 1, 13. पकारान्तानि ii, 1, 15. पुंवचनानि ii, 1, 15. पपचाम् i, 3, 14. पुंसि ii, 4, 6. पधम्माः iii, 3, 6. पूर्वः i, 1, 11. पतिः ii, 3, 11. पूर्वपदप्रकृतिखरः 1. पदम् i,1, 18, 28. पूर्वपदात् iii, 3, 10. ii, 3, i, 3, q नामानि १मासिका j, 1, पनि i, 3, 4, i, 1, i, 3, १ ·AEXX APPENDIX II. । iii, 4, ii, 3, ii, 4, ii, 3, iii, 3, ii, 1, पूर्वपरी iii, 1, 17. पूर्वम् i, 1, 13; ii, 1, 7. • पूर्वम् i, 1, 12. पूर्वस्य iii, 1, 18. प्र iii, 2, 33. 1. • प्रकृति iii, 1, 1. प्रकृतिभावः 26. प्रकृत्या ii, 3, 9; iii, 1, 3; 3. प्रकृत्यादेशः ii, 4, 5. प्रगृह्यमध्ये ii, 3, 10. प्रतिषेधः 24. प्रतिषेधात् 7. प्रत्यश्चाम् i, 1, 5. प्रत्ययान्तरम् i,2,14; 8. प्रथमस्य iii, 3, 17. प्रत्ययलोपिनः ii, 2, 4. ii,2, 16. प्रेषण्याः ii, 1, 11; ii, 3, 21. ii, 3, j, 2, भ. q भन्दिष्ठः iii, 2, 33. भवी iii, 2, 32. भिभ्यिःसु 2. भूतादिभ्यः ii, 3, 10. भूते ii,2,6%Bii, 3, 23; 3. q भूरिधारा ii, 2, 17. म. मकारलोपः 4. मकारान्तानि ii, 1, 15%8 ii, 4, 17. मकारावग्रहाणि ii, 3, 27. मकाराऽऽबाधे ii, 4, 16. मतौ iii, 1, 93 iii, 3, 15. १ मधुधारा ii, 2, 15. मध्यमस्य ii, 1, 11; ii, 2,6%3 ii, 3,21. मध्ये 6. मरौ 24. १ महः i, 2, 15. १ महतः i, 2, 15. q मातरिभ्वरी iii, 2, 32. मासाः ii, 4, 6. मे ii, 2, 14: ii, 1, i, 1, १ प्रपा iii, 2, बहुलम् बहुवचनम् बहुवचनानि ब. iii, 1, 14. i, 2, -1. ii, 2, 15, 18, 22. i, 1, 4, i, 2, 9. i,2, 8. i, 2, 8. यः य. ii, 2, 22; iii, 2, 21. ii, 2, 22. iii, 1, 16; iii,2,21. बृहस्पत्यादीनाम् १ ब्रह्म १ ब्रह्मणः १ ब्रह्मा यम यकार:

·APPXNDIX "IT: लुप्यते लोपः लोपः लोपसन्देहे लोपिनः लोपेषु iii, 2, iii, 2. 4. iii, 1, 15. ii, 1, 4, 8. ii, 2, 2. ii, 2, 4. i, 1, 20. : व. वः वकारस्य वचन jii, 4, यकारलोपः ii, 1, 8. यक्रारम् ii, 1, 7. यकारादौ iii, 1, 14. यकारान्तः 12. यत् i, 1, 27; iii, 2, 33. यथा i, 3,53; iii, 3, 5. यथाशास्त्रम् iii, 2, 8. यदा ii, 1, 11. यानि ii, 1, 15. युक्तम् i, 1, 28. युक्तानि i, 1, 26. येन i, 1, 28. योगः i, 1, 28. योगात् i, 1, 21, 22, 25. योगीनि i, 1, 17. ii, 4, 3. • रात्रि० ii, 4, 6. iii, 2, 27. १रूपम् iii, 2, 26. रेफ. iii, 1, 1. रेफः 2. रेफमध्ये iii,2,9, 10. रेफादिः iii, 2, 19. वचनात् वचनम् वचने वचनेषु . १ रयिम् १ रुध्मः वत् वर्ण वर्णलोपः वर्तयिष्यामः iii, 3, ii,2,22. iii, 1, 15. 5. i, 1, 28. ii, 1, 11. i, 1, 13. i, 3, 13; iii, 3, 16. i, 1, 20. iii, 4, 6. i, 2, 16. i, 1, 1. i, 1, 15, 24; i, 2, 4. i, 2, 14. iii, 2, 4. i, 1, 20; iii, 4, 6. iii, 2, 22. iii, 2, 6. ii, 2, 22. i, 1, 2. 3. iii, 1, 19. ii, 2:20. वा वाक्य. ल. लकारम् ii, 3, 14. लमौ iii, 2, 28. लिङ्ग 1, 3, 13; iii, 3, 16. लिनास्वर iii, 4, 5, 6. लुप्त i, 1, 24. लुप्तप्रत्ययेन iii, 4, 1. लप्तम् i, 1,28. लसशेषण ii, 4,..5.. विकारे विग्रहः q विजानात् विद्यात् विधिः i, 1, १ विधेम q विध्यामि ·APPENDIX UL. iii, 3, iii, 4, १ १ सचतिः १ विश्वाः : iii, 3, q समन्ते वृध्या विपर्यये i, 1, 20. पत्ता iii, 1, 7. विक्रि ii, 1, 23 8. iii, 4, 5, 6. स. विभागे i, 2, 3. सकारः विशेषः iii, 2, 103 i, 1, 6. iii, 3, 7. विशेषेषु 5. सकारे विश्वा ii, 2,22. ii, 2, 8, 13. ii, 1, 3. ii, 2, 10. विसर्जनीयः सत्ते iii, 3, 1. iii, 2, 29. 4. विसर्जनीयस्य सप्तधा (तु) iii, 1, 10; iii, 3, 4, 7. सप्तम्यर्थे ii, 1, 6. विसर्जनीयान्ताः ii, 2, 10. सम् ii, 2, 21. वृदिः iii, 1, 13. १ समक्त iii, 2, 30. iii, 2, 33. वृक्षसया iii, 4, 3. समस्तम् ii, 1, 10. iii, 4, 3. वृषभः समस्तेन i, 1, 27. ii, 2, 9. समान ii, 4, 6. q वेशन्ताः iii, 2, 25. व्यजने समानार्थे ii, 4, 4. ii, 3, 5. समानाधिकरणे ii, 4, 4. व्यत्ययः 6. व्याघ्रादीनि समापतेः iii, 1, 7. समासे iii, 3, 5. श. सयकारम् 7. q शकल्येष्यादिषु ii, 1, 5. सयकाराणि ii, 4, 12. शकारादौ ii, 2, 9. सर्व० iii, 3, 16; १ शतधारा ii, 2, 17. i, 3, 13. शतादीनि ii, 4, 4. सर्वत्र i,1, 283; 1, 2, 23B १ शपथेग्यम् iii, 1, 16. i, 3, 15. शुचेः iii, 2, 11. सर्वा ii, 2, 22. शुश्रूषीति? iii,2, 11. सह ii, 4, 6. q? शेकृच्छ्रमावद्गम्भीरम् १ सहशेय्याय iii, 1, 16. ii, 4, 6, १ साबासाहादीनाम् iii, 3, 19. सान्तातू ii, 2, 3. iii, 3, 9. सार्वधातुके ii, 4, 2 iii, 4, i, 1, 19. ii, 1, ·APPENDIX II. LXXIII संयोगः संयोगादी संहिताम् संहितायाम् ii, 1, हकारान्तः १ सिन्धवः ii, 2, 22. सु ii, 3,28. १ स्तनयन् ii, 2, 19. १ स्तम् ii, 2, 14. स्त्रियेकवचनानि 15. स्त्रीबहुवचनानि ii, 2, 18. स्वरः i, 1, 20. स्वर०i, 3, 1; iii, 4, 5, 6. खरविशिष्टानि i, 3, 7. खरान्तानि ii, 2, 11, 13. खरन्ताऽऽबाधानि 1, 2, 1. • खरितानि 1,3,9, 10, 11. स्वरितान्तानि ii, 3, 23. खरेषु iii, 1, 1. संज्ञायाम् 11. संदेहे ii, 2, 2, 3. q हैरण्यैः iii, 2, 12, 13, 19. ii, 2, 8, 13. i, 1, 2. iii, 1, 10. ह. iii, 2, 13. iii, 2, 23. iii, 2, 1. ii, 4, 6. iii, 2, 5. iii, 1, 9, 12. iii, 1, 17. 20. iii, 3, 3. ii, 1, 15. हृषिः १ हृदय ह्यस्तन्याम् ह्रखः हखौ ह्रखान्तम् हखोपधस्य ह्रस्वोपधानि iii, 3, i, 2, ·APPENDIX III. Index to the Grammatical technique used in the treatise. अ. ii, 3, 4. | आबाध-उत्तर followed by etc. ii, 1, 14; etc. आमन्त्रित i, 1, 18, 23; i, 2, 2; i, 3, 73 iii, 1, 3. etc. आमेडित (समास) iii, 1, 5. in the sense of not double with अन् prefixed iii, 1, 6. अत् (?) तपरत्वम् =short 37 अद्यतनी ii, 2, 6. अधिकरण in the sense of grammatical relation e. g. case etc. ii, 4, 14. अनार्ष ( इति) iii, 1, iii, 1, 3. अनिंग्य iii, 3, 12. अनिघातः i, 1, 21. अनुदात्त i, 1, 19; 1, 3, 2; ii, 2, 7. अपवादः i, 3, 1, 8. अभ्यासः 14. अव्ययम् 2; iii, 2, 7. अवग्रहः ii, 3, 25; ii, 4, 5. अभ्यासः-आवृत्तिः ii, 3, 20. आ. आख्यातम् i, 1, 12, 18, i, 3, 3, 6; ii, 2, 5. आगमः iii, 1, 18; iii, 4, 7. आत्मनेभाषा iii, 4, 7. आदेशः ii, 1, 2. iii, 3, iii, 1, इ. & as a suffix to denote roots iii, 2, 1. इंग्य iii, 3, 13. उत्तरपद:-that which follows, ii, 3, 11. उत्तमाः-nasals. ii, 4, 14. उदात्त i, 1, 4, 23. i, 2, 5, 6, 7, 10, 16; i, 3, 14; ii, 3, 11, 23; ii, 4, 4. उपधा ii, 1, 15; iii, 3, 4. etc. उपसर्ग i, 1, 10, 12; iii, 2, 6. उपाचार iii, 1, 7. :

·APPENDIX III, LXXV ऊ. ii, 2, 1, 8, 11. तृतीया (case) ii, 2, 3; iii, 2, 26. ऊष्मन् द एकवचनम् ii, 1, 11. etc. एकादेश=one substitute for more than one. 6. दीर्घः (=long ) ii, 3, 1. iii, 1, 1.1. द्वन्द्व ( समास ) iii, 4, 2. द्विवचनम् ii, 2, 14. ध. धातुः i, 1, 11; ii, 3, न. नति i, 1, 15. नपुंसकम् i,2,4,93B ii, 2, 22. नाम ( noun) i, 3, 3. निपात i, 3, 4, 5; iii, 3, 21. नैगमी 22. ii, 3, .. प. . क. कृदन्त i, 1, 10; ii, 3, 8; iii, 2, 4. क्रम (संयोग=पाठ)iii, 2, 8. क्षेप्रः i, 3, 14. ग. गतिः i, 1, 11. घ. घोष=soft, sonant iii, 1, 1. छ. छन्दः to denote वेद as a different linguistic stage, as in Panini ii, 3, 3; iii, 3, 14; iii, 4, 6. त. तद्धित i,2, 12. ति=Paninian शितप्-Suffix to denote roots. ii, 1, 11; iii, 1, 4; iii, 2, 5. पद i, 1, 18. पाद पररूप (Phenomenon) ii, 1, 5. परस्मैभाषा iii, 4, 7. पञ्चपदी i, 3, 14. पञ्चमी iii, 3, 6. पार्षद i, 1, 1. पुंसि (masculine) ii, 1, 15; ii, 4, 6. प्रकृति ii, 3, 9; iii, 1, 3. प्रकृतिभाव ii, 3, 26. प्रकृति-आदेश ii, 4, 5. प्रत्यय 1, 2, 14; ii, 1, 8. प्रेषणी ii, 1, 11; ii, 3, 21. मृत iii, 4, 7.

·LXXVI APPENDIX III. ब. i, 2, ii, 1, बहुवचनम् 1. बहुलम् iii, 1, 14. भ. भूत ( Past ) ii, 2, 6; ii, 3, 2; ii, 4, 3. विग्रहः iii, 2, 6. विभक्ति 2. विसर्जनीय ii, 2, 103; iii, 1, 10; iii, 3, 1. व्यजन 5. व्यवाय-अन्तर्धान ii, 4, 4. ii, 3, म. मतु, ( Possessive suffix) iii, 1, 9; iii, 3, 15. मध्यम (पुरुष) ii, 1, 11; ii, 3, 21. ii, 3, ii, 2, iii, 1, रेफ र. iii, 2, 9, 10; iii, 3, 2. स. सप्तमी ii, 1, 6. gear (text) i, 1, 2. संहिता सन्धिः 3; iii, 1, 10. संयोग 8. समास 5. समस्त iii, 4, 3. सार्वधातुक ii, 4, 2. at (feminine ) ii, 1, 15. at: (accent ) i, 1, 20. खरः ( Vowel ) ii, 2, 1. वरित i, 3, 9, 10, 11; ii, 3, 23. ल. लिङ्ग i, 3, 13. लोप i, 1, 20; ii. 1, 4; iii, 4, 7. व. वचन ( number) 1, 3, 13. etc. auf (class) ii, 3, 3. वर्ण ii, 3, 8. hd ह्यस्तनी iii, 2, 5. ii, 1, 15.

·APPENDIX IV. Tabulated index to Atharvan Passages. Cited or referred to in the Text. 92 IV, 5, 1. ii, 1, 10. 7, 3. ii, 2, 31. 11, 4. ii, 1, 13. 16, 4-5. ii, 1, 13. 24, 3. ii, 1, 10. 33, 3. iii, 2, 33. 40, 1. ii, 1, 13. 12, 1. > » 25, 2. V i, 3, ii, 4, 35, V, 2, 7. 2, 8. 2, 9. 3, 6. 22 4, 10. a I I; 1; 1, 3, 4, ii, 3, 11. 7, 5. ii, 1, 13. 10, 4. i, 2, 9. ii, 2, 19. 19, 2. i, 2, 2. 22, 2. ii, 4, 8. ii, 1, 5. 33, 4. 13. 1. 8. II II, 6, 1. ii, 2, 10. 6, 5. ii, 4, 3. 7, 2. 8. 12, 6. i, 2, 9. iii, 2, 28. III III, 2, 5. ii, 2, 20. 3, 1. ii, 2, 22. 12, 5. ii, 4, 3. 13, 1. ii, 2, 22. i, 2, 14. i, 2, 2. 11. ii, 2; 19. IV IV, 1, 6. i, 2, 15. ii, 1, 13. i, 2, i, 2, ii, 1, > » 30, 3. a 5, 3. 6, 1. 7, 9, 8. 11, 13, oi oi oo ti o oo oo oo oj iii, 2, 32. i, 2, 15. iii, 2, 32. i, 2, 2. 2. 1. ii, 1, 13. ii, 2, 10. ii, 2, 14. ii, 2, 22. iii, 3, 19. i, 2, 8. iii, 2, 28. i, 2, 8. 10. ii, 1, 13. 13. ii, 2, 33. iii, 1, 16. 17, » 16, 6. » 23, 6. » 31, ii, 2, 18, 8. 18, 8. 23, 2. 23, 6. 1. 29, 4. 31, 12. 29, ii, 1, 1, 11.

·LXXVIII APPENDIX IV. VI, 22, 60, 73, a 2. . 27 29 98, 99 99 a 27, 09 09 ii, 2, 18. XI, ii, 1, a VI X 3. ii, 2, 10. 1. ii, 1, 13. X, 2, 11. iii, 2, 24. 3. ii, 1, 13. 3, ii, 1, 13. 92, 3. i, 2, 15. 4, 3-4. ii, 4, 6. 2. i, 2, 2. 5, 18. ii, 1, 10. 98, 3. ii, 1, 10. 7, 2. i, 2, 15. 119, 13. i, 2, 13. » 7, 24,10,22. i, 2, 8. 122, 1-1. ii, 1, 13. 7, 43. ii, 1, 13. VII 8, 10. ii, I, 13. VII, 10, 4. ii, 1, 13. 8, 12. ii, 2, 33. 14, 1. ii, 4, 13. 8, 19. ii, 1, 13. 21,5. ii, 2, 16. XI 8. i, 2, 15. 40, 1. 1, 32. ii, 1, 13. 53, 1. ii, 1, 13. 1, 35. 10. 85, 1. ii, 4, 13. 2, 4, 17. ii, 1, 13. 85, 1. 13. 4, 10. ii, 1, 21. VIII 6, 16. i, 2, 2. VIII, 1, 10. ii, 1, 13. 11, 8, 18. ii, 1, 13. 1, 15. iii, 2, 21. XII 3, 19. ii, 4, 13. 3, 19-20. ii, 1, 13. XII, 1, 9. ii, 2, 17. 4, 20. ii, 4, 13. 1?, 32, 54, 6, 11. iii, 2, 22, 55. ii, 1, 13. 9, 3. i, 2, 8. 2, 6, 39. i, 2, 8. IX 2, 34. i, 2, 12. IX 1, 6. 8. 2, 39. ii, 2, 20%. 4, 9. i, 2, 2. 3, 13. ii, 2, 30. 4, 11. 8. 3, 23. ii, 2, 21 12, 20. i, 2, 12. 3, 24, 37. ii, 1, 13. 15. ii, 2, 22. 3, 33. iii, 2, 26. 15, 14. i, 2, 8. 3, 41. ii, 2, 27. 9) ii, 1, 97 73 29 09 i, 2, a i, 2, 99 14, ·APPENDIX IV. LXXIX 22 », 2, 11. a 2, XIII XVIII XIII, 1, 12, 25, 33. XVIII, 1, 2, ii, 1, 10. 53. i, 2, 15. 2, 8, 31. ii, 1, 13. 1, 8. iii, 1, 16. iii, 2, 33. 1, 10. ii, 2, 21. 2, 16, 17. ii, 4, 13. 1, 11. ii, 2, 223. 3, 11. ii, 1, 13. 1, 21. ii, 4, 13. XIV 1, 12. i, 2, 12. XIV, 1, 28, 29, 30. 2, 6. ii, 2, 222. i, 2, 8. 2, 55. ii, 1, 13. 3, 49. ii, 1, 13. 5. ii, 2, 14. 3, 65. ii, 1, 10. XV 3, 72. ii, 2, 17. XV, 2, 5, 13, 19, 25. 4, 9, iii, 2, 24. 11. ii, 1, 13. XVI 4, 15. i, 2, 8. XVI, 1, 1. ii, 1, 10. 4, 46. i, 2, 12. 1, 12. i, 3, 132. 4, 57. ii, 2, 17. 7, 1. ii, 2, 20. 4, 59. ii, 2, 15. Citations from XIX and XX are only tentatively given. The Commentator does not notice. But it does not matter for the rules apply to those as well. XIX XX, 56, 6. iii, 2, 11. XIX, 4, 2. i, 3, 13. 3. iii, 2, 11. 3. ii, 2, 15. XX 68, 13. iii, 2, 11. XX, 23, 2. iii, 2, 29. 107, 10. iii, 2, 32 97 09 22 > 27 a 57, 67,

·APPENDIX V.
Alphabetical list of ganas used in the treatise.
अजरादयः i, 2, 7.
अस्मैशतादि ii, 4, 4.
एना एहा आदि. ii, 3, 9.
दीर्घायुत्वायादि० ii, 4, 8.
बृहस्पत्यादि.
भूतादि० (?)
व्याघ्रादि०
शकल्येष्यादि.
i, 1, 4.
ii, 3, 1.0.
i, 1, 19.
5.
ii, 1,

·No text on this page.

·No text on this page.

·No text on this page.

·No text on this page.

·No text on this page.

·No text on this page.