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·FIVE YEAR PLAN
OF
JAIPUR STATE

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·CONTENI,
PAGE
1
I --Agriculture
II - Animal Husbandry
21
III – Irrigation
27
IV -- Fore to
30
Y-Industries
38
VI -Co operation
51
VII --Education
67
YAIT, Medical Relief
-Pablic Health
71
X-Rords and Buildings
76
79
XI -Railway
XII - Local Seli Government and Improvement
81
XIII Finance
98

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·FIVE YEAR PLAN OF JAIPUR STATE This is an attempt conditioned by our re ources and difficulties to prepare the outline of a five year plan for a better Jaipur Laissez faire is dead long live planned economy Its obective 19 materialistio the increase in the standard of life but its motif and its fulfilment call for the best in human spirit For the dry bones of any plan can spring to life only if vitalised by the will of the Government and the enthusiasm of the people fased into an integral whole The recent constitutional developments in the Sta e will mean little if as a result this integration is not fostered And the standard of hfe to be raised is not of the few but the many All aspects of the economic life must be embraced To increa ed production must be added better distribution Tbe industrial development must at the same time be sustained by an increase in the purchasing power of the agriculturists But a bigher standard of life involves more than sich increuse It means also better health a quickening of intelligence and sensitiveness and above all an ability to pursue corporate economic cultural and self governing activi ties The masses have to be helped to make efforts to get rid of poverty and insecurity dirt and disease atagprtion and their lot This 18 perhaps the highest exercise of creative energy Fulfilment can come only after a long process of trial and error This plan is thus only a framework and no blue print It will always seek amplification in the light both of experience and publio criticism especially of the representatives of the people in the Council and the Assembly, recently constituted ·11 Cach denartment is dealt with separately but not becauso of any lacl of recognition that all spheres inust Ipteract closely For cacb bead of this note tbere 14 a corresponding detailed statement with its hoy statement These detailed statements are to be found in the appendices ·1-AGRICULTURE EVEN after indastry can draw off, the present surplus engaged in agriculture and the future growth of population and a balance 18 struck between agriculture and industry the former will remain predominant It is thus the keystone of our plan Jarpurians must be trained not only to man the 1 Training of Blai rapidly growing Agricultural Department but also to undertale scientific farming As early as places can be secured five young men will be trained in post graduate and five in graduate courses at State expense Further it is understood that the Birla Educational Trust propose to start an Agricultural College at Pilani Cultivated land and a large dairy farm are already available there for this purpose The State will set up an Agricultural School at Jaipur for training the subordinate staff required 7 Erlen alon of Irrigation The land is fertile but arid No Biogle factor can therefore add so much to its productivity as extension of irrigation To ensure sufficiency in food and reduce the chances of famine the objective should be to extend the irrigated area froin one seventh of the total cultivated area to abont half Large State irrigation reservoirs, canals or State hydro-electro tube wells have been dealt with under Irrigation Other measures to extend irri,ation are indicated below (a) of the existing pakka wells about 22 000 are in use and 12000 are out of use This is largely on 80- count of their striking rocky strata or impervious olay While rock boring seldom succeeds vertical boring ·2 with strainers to cope with impervibus clay frequently does The cost per well averages about Rs 300/ Again a substantial number of pucca wells bavo gone out of use because of the subsidence of the sub soil water Frequently the construction of small bundhs near such welis remedıcs this evil In order to induce retoration of pucca wells Government will have to givo generous aid and concessions (*) Boring will be carried out by the Agricul tural Department at concessional rates (11) A grant of 26% of the cost of remedial measures and where necessary taqı also will be given (u) Lohancement of rent from bariai to chahi rates will be postponed during the pendency of Settlement, or 10 years whichovor is longer (10) Techpical advico, and wood for burning limo will also be given An expenditure of R: 376000/ has been proposed, as aid for the restoration of about 6000 pucca wells This should lead after 10 seurs to an increase in roycoue amounting to over two labbs annually Ordinarily a pucca Troll covers 8 bigbas of land difiereaco betseca chahi and barani rato may be estimated at Rs 4181 por igbha (6, 600 new pucca tolls should be constructed in barani land duriog the next five years (2) Here ngria Government will contributo tos of the cost An expendituro of 6 Lalbs at 30 average of Rs 1,000/ grao! per well bas baca provided Tho averagº ·3 (22) The construction of a new pucca well should automatically carry with it the concession of no enhancement of rent for a period of 20 years Ultimately this investment of Rs 6 labhs should lead to an enhancement of revenue of Rs 18 000/ annually (c) Construction of 1000 small village tanks Government propose to construct about 200 such tanks entirely at their cost and enbance the rents immediately The other 500 tenants will be encouraged to construct jointly on the terms that Government will contribute 25/ of the cost and not enhance rents during the pendency of the Settlement Three lalhs have been provided for this purpose Thus roughly 5000 bighas will be irrigated The difference in talabı and buranı rents is about Rs 2/ ¿per bigha 1 he investment should lead to an increase in revenuo of Rs 1000 annually (7) Construction of 2 500 hachcha wells The cost of pakl wells has gone up very considerably Further we ou,ht to make sure whether electrius tube wells will succeed or not before encouraging now pakka well on n extensive scale Tor these reasons and also for a rapid extension of veetable and fruit cultivation an immediate multiplication of hachcha wells is desirable Such wells however are possible only in morenda' clay and clay loan soils (1) Government will p y as grant 25% of th cot Two lakhs have been provided for this purpose ·(12) There will be no increase in rent during the term of the Settlement and then the assessment will be 25/ less than on land irrigated by pabba vells No permanent increase in revenue has been estimated as at 18 likely that most of the bachcha wells will cease to exist before the next Settlement takes place (e) In this manner there should be an extension of irrigated are from minor means in the next five years as follows 1 Restoration of 6 000 pakka wells @ 8 bighas per well 48 000 bigbag 2. 600 new pakka well @ 8 bighas per well 8 000 1 000 emall village tanks 5 bighas por tank 5 000 4 2 500 kham wells 5 baghas 13 600 8 por tell 73 500 As shown in the note and the detailed statement under 'Irrigation' the large irrigation projects aro oxpected to extend the irrigated aroa As follows (1) 500 hydro olectric tubo wells 60 000 b bag (11) 7 Irriga ion res spoir tanks 6 23 760 or rou bly 600 000 bighas TOTAL 550 000 bigbas Grand total of the area in which irrigation 18 to bo extended Mincr mcans 73 500 bigbss Major means 6 to 600 bichas, 623 500 bigbat ·5 We may take it that irrigation will be extended roughly over 6 lahh bighas () The present irrigated area is as follows Khalsa 3 40 000 bi hag Non Khalsa 400 000-a very tough estimate 7 40 000 This means that we propose to nearly double the area of the irrigated land in the next five years The total area under cultivation is as follows Khalsa 17 25 000 bi has Non Khalsa 24 75 000 - very rou b estimate 4200 000 Instead of the irrigated arca being as at present about one seventh of the total cultivated area it will become about one fourth This will mean a big leap forward in the productivity of agriculture (1) Of the 6 lakh bighas that the hydro electric and big reservoir irrigation schemes should irrigate about 2 lakh bigbas are at present uncultivated lands Most of this culturable waste is out of holdip s or untenanted Thus extension of agriculture is possible over at least 2 lakh bighas in the near future To the blood toil and sweat that our cultivator Doutors bation ! bas contributed so much the State must now add B i nce Before it can do so far more intensive research in the laboratory and fields is nec ssary The Advisory Board of the Imperial Council of Agricoltural Research state in their Memorandum on the Development of Agriculture 1914 Indispens able with the proper utilisation of land is the need for carrying out scientific experiments on a scale science ·suficiently large to place the agricultural officer in a position to supply to the cultivator, a schedule of cultivation suitable to his particular land and indivi dual needs Exist og information though consider able in somo direct ons is totally inadequate in others Its collection Decegsetrtes the establishment of at leust ove experimental farm in every division in which they do not erist already' The plan provides for the immediate de clopment of the research sections of (a) Plant br eding (b) A rioultural Chemistry (c) Entomology (2) ascology Fire agricultural farms in tracts with different Boils or o central frart gardou and so ou fruit purseries for trial deroonstration and distribution of improved seeds of crops had rcgetables and fruit plauts are to be started at once all over the State A Botanical Gardca is tarog laid out near Jarpur City & loprovod (a) Pendling a fuller contribution to our know penda Icdgo by the new experiinental farms imported improved seeds, nbich are found to be better than local sceds particularly of cotton (lon, or incdium stapo) bajra juar 03170 til inoong tobacco Ground put sugarcane potato sofa beans aud o her vegetables, will be distributed widely (1) A special anire will be mado inmediately to extend potato cultivation in rural areas where it 18 grown very wuadeguately Ile Agricultural Departa ment will import potato seed and distribute it at a Bubsidised pnco ·zeera (c) If the powdery mildew disease which at present attacks every second or third year can be overcome by morsures suggested by the Imperial Mycologist an effort will be made to extend the area of this valuable and easily grown rabi cash crop 1 (d) The cultivation of sugarcine is severely limited by the fact that it requires 12 to 18 irrigations in most parts of the State But when the vast Bisalpur Reservoir and canal project costiog 21 crores of rupees is completed it will irrigate 2 50 000 acres of rich dhamat and black soil tracts in the south west of the State This should lead to a consider able increase in the area under sugarcano zeera and cotton crops (e) The activities of the Department will be extended to Shekhawati the northern andy tract in the State This is a single crop area the principal crops being bajra, moth and guar Experiments will te made in order to popularse Jakhrana bajr and intro duce groundnut For nine months cultiv..tors in this tract are free from agricultural worl Special efforts will therefore be made to improve or exteud their subsidiary or cottage industries such as wool spinning and weaving and sheep and camel rearing (1) The Department will induce the farmers to try the improved seeds new implements and manures as against tbeir varieties on their own farms The demonstration farms thus carried to the... Yıllages will be a most valuable supplement to work on Government farms ·10 Site Der eres to be established all over the State w}}} largely solve this problem The staff will also adviso free 'The dew l'enancy Aca recently passed expressly €ocourages the plantation of trees whether of fruit fuel or timber by extending considerably the cultisatora rights over them Also a lodicnted under the herd of Forests Government will consider the grant of concessions in the matter of rent or cash Bubsidies for this purpose Our coltivator bebaves towards bis so as the money lender does to him Ho gives little and tales out inucb Actually the soil in a hot chonte needs more manure than elsewhere, being pooror in bumus 100 nitrogen B Inere $ td prodac Son of osur . 3 l'ho farm jard manura ho uses is more thua bull is poor ir quality and quantity, as it noců La на burns balf the com dung He loscs oven more of tho, liquid couuterpart 80 nich w nitrogen contente Bat eren if all the farmyard manura po sible was utilised plenty of other organic and inorgudio maantres would still be required Here again tho department must carry out rescarchand experiments in order to find out the most, suitable fertilisers to be used for different crops on didercnt kinds of soil In the meantime e propose the following Hosu S (a) Help Yıllama panchayats to start comaunal lorests, so as to decrease the use of cow dus, as fuel (8) Introduco simplo methods of conscritagurine, of cattle 1 ·11 (a) Sell at subsidised rates ammoniam sulphate, to be obtained through Government of India Rs 60 000/ has been provided for this purpose (d) Compost the refuse and nightsoil of Jaipur City by the hot fermentation method evolved at Bargalore In the light of experience gathered extend this to the 31 new town municipalities and sell the compost to the neighbouring cultivators (e) Scientists are not agreed as to what is the best method of composting for rural areas The department must or unge further experimental work 10 tbis both or their farm and in panchayat villages (1) Oil cakes are rich in nitrogen But it is not enou k to encourage oil seed production, or more ou mills Steps will also be taken to secure that oil and not oil seed 18 exported (9) Steps are afoot to get a bone crushing factory established in the State and to discourage the export of bones One of the terms with the factory will be that it will sell to the Government or cultivators as much bone ineal as may be required for uso mantire (1) The heavy chemicals factory to be et up in tho Sambhar Samlat area in order to utili o salt bitterns wil be induced to manufacture such chemical fortifisers as may be practicablo and usefu? The following problems admit of being tackled : together and largely by the same staff Extension ol cultivation particularly in areas to be coinmun led by the seven irrigation reservoir projects settlement of ex soldiers and others creation of communal forests dealt with in detail under the head Forests plugging and afforestation by way of experiments to remedy gully erosion contour bonding 3S 1 ·12 8 Rg an experimental ensure to conserve rain water, and remedy sheet erosion There are four Tehsils Malpura, Todt Rar Singh Phagi end Klapdar which nfford the largest scope these directions Almost all the areas involved in the seven irrigatioa reservoir projects belong to these Tehsils But success in all those problems will depend most of all on bow care fully particular villages and lands for theso purposos aro selected First of all a Tehsildar 28sisted by two Qanungos and two Paturis, specially deputed will male a preliminary survey of most of the villago in these four tehsils On tho basis of this committee of experts, consisting of a Soldiers Resettle ment Oflicer (Nazim s grado), e Deputy Director of Agriculture tho I'orcst Working Plan Omicer and an Irrigation Logincer, till put up concreto pro posals to further these objects They will specify the orict lands to be used for cach purposo, muri. out allotments for ex soldiers, and others who tant to go in for improved farming, suggest the terme and conditions for communal lorests, eto The Soldiers Iesettleipent Oficer will putinto effect tbe actual Bottle ment of by soldiers and others A Special Forest Officer, sho sill be appointed for purposes indicatod uddox Toresta will enter alia superviso the creation of coidmonal forests and experimental measures for reclamation and checking soil crosion in agricultoral od ror the latter purpose ono Agricultural Las sector one Orerseer and subordinate stati bave also been provided under Agriculture' It is possible that for guiding this work to may have to secure for a sbort thrlo au expert Engineer from Sholapur District 10 Bombay Presidency where contoor bunding has over come period, fating otring to a very low raio fall;

·13 reservea (a) The best one or two lakh bighas especially in 10 Resettle areas commanded by the irrigation projects will be la and others for ex soldiers Grants averaging 110 compact bigbas in contiguous blocks could be made to one two or three tbousand ex soldiers as may ba required The rest will go to those who are willing to take up improved farming perhaps on cooperative lines If adequate numbers of such are not forth coming for the und cupied lunds which will be commanded by the new irrigation projects these will be allotted to those 10 the villages whose present ho'dings are small Such allotments could be made a fulcrum for consolidation of present holdings by means of exchange The State will provide new Bettlements of ex soldiers and civilians with sites made fit for habitation drinking wells and perhaps also cattle troughs Taqavi or in special cases grant in aid will also be given for capital outlay An expenditure of two lakhs has been provided for this purpose Hand some cash awards will be given to certain categories of the decorees arnong the soldiers which should be utilised in investment for productive purposes (6) The Soldiers Resettlement Officer will co rdinate the efforts of the various development departments who will do their utmost to help thesa new settlements ohtonly to improved agri oltiral bu a better way of life which expresses in peace terms the esprit de corps which these soldiers displayed 80 valiantly during *h9 war Tfforta will be ruado to foster cooperative farming in these settlements I 2st yeur the Soviet government the most tractor mioded „ad electrically conscious governwent in the world got 22000 tr ctors to rehabilitate Ukrainian agriculture Perhaps we cau try one or ·14 + two by way of experiment. It is not as fantastic 28 th may sound A tractor ploughs 10comprrably deeper and less than hill the cost in normal times tbra bullo ploughs A local entrepreneur has come forward with a schame ol & co operativa farm, With the most up to date machinery and tractors Ho wants Government to provide 1 000 baghas land on a concessional rcot for the first 10 years He will find krost of the capital required Ex soldiers or others sho work on the farm will be treated not as waga caroors but as partners in & co-operativo venture Ilus scheme will bo considered very ayrapathetically 11 Co solt dato 01 Hod l'ho problem is not so acute as in some parts of India S'ill festation pret y bad in irrigated arc.39 I he average size of holdings in such arcas 1 5 10 6 bohrs as against baradi boldings of 4 to 5 t nes this arc? Cupsolidation will be tried in a low tipical villages as an experiment A section bas been ned ja tho leuaQuy Act whereby chalt Illins would crdinarily not get further subdivided Is the future Th frosa tu But agriculture may technically improve over 80 Ib and yet serve the agriculturist hardly any better nle - his u ber economic dead weights-the heritage tl pitre rergoped The spear bead of the at acl must be on the following line }ucreased srcurity of tenure, and fuller rights garrantrciog freedom from restriction and encouraging lavestments for land improve incat Provision of credit, without its becoming a stranglebola ·15 9 Stabılısıng price level of agricultural commo dities so as to ensure a higher standard of life and encouage the improvement and extension of agricultare tone The rights of the actual cultivator comprise the 13 The Key keystone This State has striven in the last decade to prepare the foundation on which tenancy legislation could be based and 300 square (a) The entire Khalsa area miles out of a total of 10 700 square mi es of non Khalsa areas have been surveyed (6) Settlements have been carried out in 27 out of 29 Tehsils 1o the Khalsa area and in nearly one third of the non Khalsa area 1 (c) Annual records of rights are maintained throughout Khalsa and in the jurisdictional thilanas (d) More important than anything else these settlements have conferred the boon of the Chal bandi or cash rentals on the rayat warı systems instead of the atrocious system of farming which deprived the cultivators of fixity of tenure and rentals and usually involved very unfair and troublesome payments in graiu The chahbandi has not been introduced in two khals Sehşıl3 These have however been surveyed and annual land record are prepared for them It 18 propo ed to introduce cash assessments in these also from 1917 But of course it is the statutory teowcy rights that matter most A l'enancy Act applicable to the Khalsa area; has just been enacted It confers tenancy rights nf Begunty and freedom froin ·16 jestration scorully on a par » th what prevails in the United Pryvinces Tenancy legislatiou for non hhalsa areas all be undertzhos as ezris as possible Also within the next five to ten years the entire nou Khi!sa lods will have be o sursej od 2nd settled Settlemcat operations are going on at the presen, zomeut 10 1 260 square miles of such lands > 14 Tho Under the head of Cooperation ero outlipod Fineaca proposals to link the co operitive moment to produo tion marketing distribution and better living along with agricultural credit Even so when throughout Jod co-operativo bauks have not been able to do more than touch the fringo of tbe problem of rural finance 10 four decades it is aot expected that theso will acbiese more in this Statu in tire years I he real ques tions will thus romala ſs the rural money lender to be Ielt supreme'flis supremacy eaubruces ao only credit, productive and upproductire long torin and short term but practically the catire rage of the agricul turist s ro Besides providing credit he carries ou trade in agricultural commodities and malatains a village shop Es provides the sced bo wovus and roarbets fuuch of tho crops be takes a share of the produce in return for services readered in a mass of tualtifarious transactions which even an economist rould find it difficult to unravel On the one hand are cboronic porerty dire ne essitg illiteracy general helplesapegg on the other mealth greed and cunning and opportunities to ovploit Tble exploitation and Dsary hoos do restraints of socil cobscienco With' the di appernance of village papchayata which vero once the organs of A 1lorous local self government and communal Isle social conscicoco is no longer effoctivo And tbv ideas of 838ctity of contracte importod ·17 from Britian in the nineteenth century fortified the money lenders powers in the law courts to the extent that even the plough bullocks and the entire produce of the cultivator could be sold in execution of decrees Credit alone is not the papacea of all alls from which the agriculturist suffers to day This plan recognises amply that to change agriculture from an unprofitableindustry to a surplus economy are required other measures besides credit But the plan must also give a definite answer to this question Will the Government, as hitherto in British India and the States, remain chiefly & spectator to {this vast exploitation red in tooth and claw of the majority of the people throngh unregulated credit ? The last fifty years have been characterised by the most original experiments in State intervention in almost all sectors of the BOCIO econom o front But this only in countries politi cally free both western and eastern IA Indie we bave only imitated and that with meagures which are free from much risk and on a small scale State Agricultural Banks have proved a great succes in Egypt Canada New Zealand India has not yet experimented with these Long before the present war capitalist countries such as USA Britain Cuba Argentina Australia Czechoslovakia Gormany tried diver e methods of securing for selected agricultural produce a minimum price Thcso varied from tariff protection and regulation of exports to & State monopoly of sale In India it is only within the last two years of the war that any thing in this direction bas been attempted In the various forms of the co operative movenient India has not contributed one original movo The employment of the co-operative principle for the organisation of mybeting owes its ·11 aror 18 inception and remarkable successCS in so many folds all to other countrics not in opo instrnco to India This plau cborefore categoricully aos sers that ho St te niu t try to tackle the problow of a ricultural credit directly as well as throuch tho co operativo movement The problern 19 1130 aud thero must be plenty of trınl nii orror Bnt a largo begianın murat bo mado ju the lunucciato future There is n special rorson for thu in onay lo day tho cultivator is tuore Fire of debt tussa lo has been for 220y jeurs a loultural credit cau lo put on w bound basiz it 18 nory Wo bave not yet forinulatcà åctuled proposrls Before doing su wo think it desirable to consido the slivetly expec cu recoinmladitions of the Countpittea aointed by the Goverabiont of India to roviow tho To tion regardin, agricultural credit of which our Revenue Vins er is a member want to contemplite, ddition to an oteas fcation of the Co operative 3sovomont o as follows 1 Detailed enquiry into present debts Debt conduiation or scaling don a of dcbts 3 Encoaraging commercial banks and particis I rls Join Stoc! Baobs to play a heger part than thoy luc done in the past in supply in ngricultural finance 1 The coug up of State Agricultural Bank or Credit Corporation with branches ultimately ulare pluch fill provido 1 oth short ni on, terin credit to mu t part with 611f* ient onher ol vill.gcs to f150 tho other 11 real chance \s soon as Corcrnment bato formntru detale propozil: lhescull bo refer 1on Commit ce, in ir cetup for this purpoad, 1 C ·19 The development of co operative marketing will be dealt with under the head of Cooperation But this cannot help more than a minority in the next five years Attempts mut therefore be inade as quchly as possible to regulate the grneral marhe ing of agricul tural produce We may begin with selected large mandis Gradually we will have to es end Govern ment regulation to all mandis and perhaps license all dealers wholesale retail and village itinerant The Statistical Officer who has just been appointed will report on the immediate and elementary measure required after making enquiries and collecting statistics through the revenue staff Such measures would include defining, and specifying the charges to bo levied introduction of standard weights and measures, and perhaps legislation to easure that disputes are settled promptly by an indepepdent agency It would also be necessary to levy such fees in respect of mandis as will cover the cost of whatever special marketing inspectorate staff have to be appointed The Jaipur Weights and Measures Act which has already been enacted will be enforced as soon as feasible Also constravlion of new and better mandies are being encouraged by the grant of land on con Cessiool terms and other means The State in lay ing out spacious miandies in the new town of Sawar Manpur and in Jhunjhunu town as part of its improve ment scheme The cost will be recovered by sale of plots the shops to Be of an approved desi, A Bonded Warehouse is to be put up near the railway station in Jaipur City for the deposit of commodities having to pay castorn or excise duties, till their despatch elsewhere This will cost about two lalba ·ftlen y cat e Pro Qa:1 will be debited to the budget of the Customs and i Excise Department This is a bigbly controversial matter Ou the one hand are those who make the question of prico the very root of a ricultural planning and regard all other measures as palliatives L'hey argue that the perpetual uncertainty of the price is &a insuperable bar to either the extension or improvement of cultiva. tion l'hey point ont how 'one of the greatest steps forward to intensify agricultural production in Great Britain is tho guaranteo of price and offtake of produco, wbich Goverment bas given to farmers for & specified poriod lacy urge that at present i 18 gcesses of wbolosalo dealers that largely sottle prices Iroin time to timo Their are others, who are equally vehement in denouncing all price control as only an accessory of the black market, and the corruption and ‘zulm of the subordinate Goverament stal They pouut to the oxperience of the last two years in India and the lack of agrcowoat among experts about the priamples of enforcement of prico control considers at ua wigo at present to commit itself estbor Soy es to tbo desirability or othorn iso of price control or on tbe methods of onforcement, which embraco equally controversial questions such as tho need for monopols procurement, #bether clay wbolesalo or, retail prices also should be controlled to extont of buffer stocks required But te ought cortainly to prepare for tho contingency when ira muy find prica control inontablo io this and the Statistical Oficor recently appoiated will gather statistics and make a preliminary report which may also be referred to s Commit.co lor final recommendations This plau ·c as soon as 11--ANIMAL HUSBANDARY The following Jaipurians will be trained outside 1 at State expense for State service, admissions can be secured for them Two for post graduate training, Ten as Veterinary Surgeons, Three as Dairy Inspectors Three in Poultry Farming One in Sheep Breeding and One in Fisheries (a) There are only two Veterinary Hospitals at 2 present Three more bave been sanctioned this ear Sıx more will be started two each year 60 that every Nizamat has a hospital and there is one at Khandar which is a special cattle rearing area (6) The Veterinary Surgeons 10 charge will also ! tour within their respective circles in order to deal with outbreaks of cattle disease Their efforts will be supplemented by two Vete Surgeons appointed solely for touring and 19 Veterinary stochmen who are being trained locally and will be appointed shortly These Stoclmon will also treat ordinary ailments and carry out castrations (a) The Rishab Sudhar Mandal founded L 8 memory of the late Shree Jamnalal Bajaj have distributed 109 improved bulls in the course of the last year and are to continue their good work (b) The State will purchase and distribute free 50 balls every year till tho Stata Cattle Breeding Farm can produce bulls for this purpose.

·22 COTT Illic Ca't'u Brecun, Larm will be started at Bassi at i capital cost of one lakh fitu 105 Haryana sud 2 bulls About 27 bull calves aro ospected to be produced annually for free distribution or sale (1) 20 Murrab buffalo bulls will bo purchased and sold at concessicol) ritos every year Tor tho fir t Erro years this will be confined to the Khandar trit, which is the most important from the point of view of tbo production of gheo (e) Particular villages will be supplied all tbo breeding bulls thoy need so that all the scrub bulls 1o the locality can bo castrated and theso hey villages cuu scrio as subsidiary stul farms (1) Tvery Voterlunry Hospital will be provided with one or two stud bulls la pro (a) Tire Inrbe dairy farms round Jaipur City milk na hivo just been started These have bcon given one ghee rap pls acre prouimal up to a 100 acres freo of rent on a 3 years Icaso AdFico und & stud bull will also bo Gisco frce awo other concessions buch help will bo gircn to raore dairy farms which aro cxpected to prigg up in the beur lutare Ono condition is that purc and s3pitary milk will bo supplied () Selec cd ghosies from Jaipur City will bo huiped to shift to now sites on the outslirts of the Lits 1 Leo will be gison lod fres or on concessional rates also subsidies for construction of propor sbcds Technical advice and stud bulls will bo Siren frco () Inter simlar CONCE591009 wall bo cxtenucd to duiry fartus aud sbos es rouod somo of the larger unicipal toxos mat 1 ·23 (a) Individual milk and ghee producers will be organised into cooperative milk and ghee unions A Ghee grading station will be set up at Jaipur City Also a co operative mill society cateering for Jupur City will be helped to acquire a cold storage plant (A) Dr Radba Kamal Mukerji in his rood Plan ning for 400 Millions states that the inanufacture of cheip ghee substitute would also be important from the stand point of the Indıın dietary the pri e of gheo at present being too high to be used norinally in the present household But we have to ee that vegetable ghee manufactured or imported 18 not deleterious and that it is not used for ndulteration of ghee Special measures including Legislation to achieve this are under consideration ما (a) A Government Poultry Farm has already 5 been started iu Jaipur 1 bis will supply pure bred stocks to small scale farms at concessional rates Also two small Government poultry units will be set up 10 the di tricts in order to encourage poultry farmiog 10 the rural areas (6) Until certain poultry diseases buvo been conquered it is risby for individuals to go in for large farms But small farms will be encouraged not only round about Jaipur City bat also in the rural areas particu arly in the case of er soldiers and ibey will be given land cockerels and pallets of pure brced on conce sional rates and free expert advice C A Government sheep breeding form will ba atarted also at Bass, with a 100 Bilzer ehccp qud 3 rains so as to distribute aboute 50 rams 8 year 12 Betal he goats will be distributed enoh year free of char, ·24 fatto teedsag That bas beea termed the "Inangular conflict. Vlin Land Cattle 13 Dot as scute in Rajpataos 95 clenbere. The pumber of mode is not as excessiva as in the denser population regions The immediata problem 13 to provide fodder reserves for years of Ecant rantau Then we must improve the grazing facilities and increze tbe fodder sappis so as to make fodder reserves Danecesars in the future (a) Twenty seren reserra fodder stocks of gras es aod s raws of cultivated crops, one for each tehsıl, tul be put up in five years at a cost of 5 lakhs & fest sach reuerre stocks were tried in the past in Sıkar and prored very useful in lean years They last for several years, without much loss of the nutritire value The revenuo sisl rill supervise the building up of these stocks Additional clerical staff will be required only when sales have to be effevted from the stocks. charged will cover the cost of socb staff The Officer in Charge of the Grass barm and the Director of Agriculture ful gire the technical advice required (h) The Settlement Oficer bas specified areas totallıog Dearly one lakh br bag for free graziog in tbe colire \iza maat Hindaun and in Tebsıl I odarat Singh. Th sis a reasure that will be introduced in other Tehsils rlso during future set'lewent or revision operations. rb control of these areas will b rested ia prachayats hererer these are se up Substantial free grazing areas have recently been errmarled for Jaipor City (c) Io villages with panchayats a very simple fo ms of rotational or controlled graziag will be introduced under the guidance of the Officer in charge rus Farm The Advisory Board of the Imperial Wancil of Agricoltaral Research in their Memorandum The price ·25 on Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 1914 stata that the systain can be worked in forest areas but is difficult to put in prictice under yıllzoe conditions Fenciag 13 nen ly alvys nece3 urg But both in Tehri and British Garhwal pancouyats have success fully introduced controlled grazing without fencing It is hoped thut such success will be possible bere also Further fencing 18 possible without vire In some of the existing Grass Farm Department beerh fencing bas been made with babul end other branches It 18 said that if an area is protected from grazing for a year or two the amount of grass which becomes available from it is increased three or four fold (d) Under Forests have been outlined the attempts that will be made to increase very substan tually the areas of the re ervel and communal forests In these are the wll of course ba babul and khera wbich are already found extensively But what will be planted on the largest scale will be prosopis juliflora or Vilaiti Khera The reason is that this species suits our fuquirements most It resists drought and will grow rapidly even in sandy 8011 with as low an averae rainfall as 13 and without any irrigation whatsoever It gives fuel charcoal ginall timber and produces two crops a year of pods which are good fodder This tree ntroducel over large dry areas would largely solve any question of a fodder famine (e) In order to bring down the price of fodder in Jaipur City firms dealiog in it will be encouraged to electric chaff cutters and to arrange for transport through motor trucks use

·26
() The only measure immediately practicable to
increisc concentrates for cit le feeding is to stop
the export ol oil cabes both by oil inills 2d ghanis
These are bowever used for manure also
2
& Fibense Improvements in fisheries aro ezily possible, as
many of the large tanks are owned by the State A
candidate has been sent to Calcutta at State expense
for tralslag a fisheries The stock in State bunds
will be improved and protected at present, s veral
of these buads do not have the good varieties that
flourish in these tracts such as the robu, saol and
singara Some have so fish at all A fish cold
stora,e plant will bo set up in tho fish market to be
built in Jaipur City Suitable groups of fishermen
will be formed into co operative societies which will be
helped to buy and run their own lorries
fishermen of Tordi Sagar bave to pay as much as
Rs 65/ a day to transport of 2 to 3 maunds of fish
by lorry to Jaipur
At presont

·1 III - IRRIGATION ONE of the many cruel practical jokes of Nature is that the high lying pluns of Jaipur should thirst for water while next door 60/ of the 35 billion cubic feet of surface water should every year run to waste down the alluvial plains of Hindustın into the ser Whatever large extensions of irrigation may be possible in Hindustan itself as far as we can see human ingedui y will never be able to transport some of that water to our parobed soils Rajputana has to rely on its own resources in its perpe ual struggle against a precarious and niggardly rainfall Our plan reco nises that above everything else this truoglo must be won for as much of our lands as is possihle An agreement bas already been r ached regard ing the extension of the proposed Kotah State Hydro electric s beme to Jupur The scheme itself is expected to produce llac FP Five States Kotah Jaipur Gwalior Udaipur and Indore will share in the costs and bepefits of the home The Obamhal river will bn duime at gorg which is suitable and water would be sunplied to the generating station by means of perstook pipes throngh the dam The scheme has been approved by the Llectrical Adviser to the Goverama nt of India and the Electrical Commissioner Only details remun to be worked out This will be dopo shortly Kotah State have definitely agreent to let us have to start with 20 000 HP The power will be trupsmitted to Savai Madhopur and distributed practically all over the State Tho provi ionul estimate of utilisation 18 ? follows HP Tube well irrigation 2 000 Industrial and Lighting 17,000 ·28 Tube Wella This will suffice for 600 tube wells urngatiog rougbly about 60 000 bighis But we have yet to see of tube wells will generally succeed These can be regarded as successfal oply if each tube well can yield as much as one cusec or 22000 gallops 18 otherwise the cultiontor muy not find it worth while to pay the irrigation rates A borsog scheme for test tube wells will shortly be put into force Success is very probable near banks of streams where there is sufficient water bearing strata luba Kells could be multipled in Sheil hawatı and other specially arid regions if it is found that there 19 buficient water even at a depth of 300 ft At present we produce from our thermal power station only 3 333 H P The hydro electric scheme will give us inuediately five times as much for indus trial and lighting purpo eg This will include heavy ana medium industries located largely in urbin centres small industries to decentral e whicbto rural areas a special et cmpt will be made and also subgı dary agricultural and cottare industries Most in ras and a large number of villa, es will be electr fie 1 20000 H P may fall short for theso various denrands But hotab St to have agreed that whea ever mowiat we cintul e further power up to another 10000 HP 8 Indus taal lo a The cost of this schemo is expected to be Rs one crore as 27 inst the Ns ? cro e estimated for tbe Bao... hydro electric sche'le which we had previously unc r our consideration There are scren schones of surface water storage by mia of river (213) and tanks of Wbicb 4 Re er tot projets ·29 18 the rough estimate of cost amounts to a little over 3 crores By far the most important the Bi aldur reservoir project damming the Banas river This is expected to irrigate 400 000 bighas or 250 000 rores of the most fertile lands in the south west of the State The other sir projects are orpected to irrigate 1 16 160 bigha or 72 600 acres What all this will mein by way of increased productı"ity and ertension of cultivation has already been shown under the head Agriculture nR nue The relative appendix shows the extent of the 6 Inçrengo productivity of these eight sch mes on an investment of nearly four crores The annual net income is expected to be about twenty one lakhs annua ly or roughly 5 2 per cent after mecting the maintenance char_es which have been calculat d at the rate of ten per cent of the anticipated income lhe gross income from the seven reservoir projects will accrue from au irrigation rate of Rs 9/8/ per bigha for lhalsa land and Rs 5/ per bigby for pon bhulsa land and an irrigation advantage rate of 1/1 / per bi, ha in res pect of bbrls3 land only It may be added that roughly these seven projects will irrigato abalsa and non khalsı lands at the ratio of two to one ·98 2 Tabo wells This will sufice for 600 tube wells irrigatiog roughly about 50 000 bigbag But we hire yet to see if tube volls will generally succeed These can be regarded as successfal oply if each tube well can yield as much as ou8 cusec or 22 000 gallons as otherwise the cultivator muy not find it worthwhile to pay the irrortion rates A horing scheme for test tube wells will shortly be put into force Success 18 very probable near banks of streams where there is suficient water bearing strata lube wells could be multipled in Sheil bawati and other specially arid regtons if it is found that there is saflicient water cien at a depth of 300 It 8 Iadas #allo a At present we produce from our thermal power station only 3333 HP I'be hydro electric scheme will give us immediately five times as much for indus trinland lighting purpo es This wall mclude heavy and medium iudustries located largely in urban centres small industrie to decentralise which to rural areas a special attempt will be made and also enbsi dry agrioultur z und cottage industries Bost tras and a large number of pilldes will be electra fie 1 20 000 H P my fall short for tbeso various demand But hotab St te hyve agreed that when ever to wint we can tal o further power up to anotber 10 000 HP The cost of this scheme is expected to be Rs one crore as ag just the Is 3cro e catinated for tbe Bapa hydro electric scherzo wlich we had previously una r our consideration # R sertal There are sereu scbemes of surface water storage Proje! by mera of river dam and tanis of which ·31 working But Khalsa are1 alonu totalling 4656 Bquare miles or 46 70 000 bigbas bas about 1 500 square miles or 1 70000 bighas of uncultivable waste 4 good deal of this has been overgra ed or completely felled For instance in the 56 miles from Jaipur to Malpura one can seo hirdly any vegetation excepting a httle grass and some bushes of herit and ber Of this 1 500 square miles probably 750 square miles could grow forests This would secure a total of 3 100 square miles of foret or abju 21 of the total Khalsa area The position about the non Khalsa areas totall ing 11 000 square miles is no better as far as the existing foret arus d e co iceined In these also it is possible to increase substantially the area under forests For 10 stance towards Jhunjhunu there 18 a large area of pulu which if protected would soon form a proper forest areas vd Cf this 750 square milu of Khalsı areas which 31 R we should try to bring under fore t in the next ten Fests years & substantial portion may be managed directly by the Forest Department This should comprise of the following (a) As a rule all hill areas which in the past have Buffered particularly from forest devastation as for instance on the road to Delhi between Amber and the thirteenth mile (6) Lands which seriously affect run off floods and erosion and should be manag à primarily from the protective point of view mostly at the head waters of strerms or along the banks of rivers should automatically be placed under the Forest Department In 2 traot like Jaipur one of the most important functions of forests must be protective ·32 This is require not only for the well being of the State but indeed of Hindusta The Bah13 flows into the Chi nbul which joins the Jamuna Ibe Bar, 1,7 tows into the Jaipunt Serious floods in these tno rivers would have influence on foods and erosion eyła in Leogas (.) Uncultivable naste in largo blocks wbich havo buen more than usual dov.statců by over grazing and ſelling and which aro not quite suitablu for com muual forests or aujoin sristing forest areas (d Loige blocks of uncultivable wiste within a radnuz of 10 miles ot Jupur City were the problem of fuel has bcen acute a for instance large areas in Govindpura Durgapura and the catchment area of the Waterworks Puipio Plant Perhaps the larger portion of the 750 squire miles paly, 1s of Khalsa arens over which forests should be added sbuuld constitute communal forests to be managed by Panchayata The trees for this purpose alreads found in the Stite ero the bibal qod &bera but it is the prosopis julillora which should tagure most 1 lus fuel and tunbor will be brou bt to the cultiva tor 8 door Lakhs of tons of cow duog aro burnt everyyearsfucí Ibiscould adequately manure a large portion of the cultivated area and thereby increaso substantially the food production Fifteen communal forests have just been planted very willingly by the villagers themselves 4 Cymn In addition to an increase in the reserved forest vata Plant toda area and the creatiou of new cowmunal forests, ie must encourie cultivitors to piant trees and groves In the past the plantations have been discouraged by the fact that cultivators both 10 Kbaisa and non ·33 aa kbalsa areas have had rights to only half the timber of trees planted over the uairrigated lands in their holdings The new tenancy law gives the tenant full rights over all tress plantei in buranı as well as chahi lands within their holdings Further attempt will be made to allot cultivators who need th18 at least one bigha pr plough expressly for the purpo39 of plan tin, fruit trees or treas for timber fuel and fodder Governmeat will consider the ques tion of grant of concessions in rent in order to encou rage the plantation of suob trees in large numbers in uocultivable waste whether in or out of holdings Perhaps it may be found feasıble to allow in respect of such plantations that no rent should be payable for the first ten years and after that a very light rent Besides the trees already mentioned shisham neem and johrha grow at present 10 bhoor lands In all sandy tracts like Sheikhawatı both bhejra and jant grow spöntunggu sly Their dried leaves act as manure and their leaves and bezas can be used as fodder Attempts will be made to popularise the vilaiti khejra in su b tracts also Also individuals will be encouraged to put up 6 Cmmer forest plantations oa large a er3 of una33e3891 waste tat lands on a commar ial basis so as to increase the supply of fuel and timber For this purpose gene rous rent concessions will be given No rent will be charged for ten years and after that rent will be charged and increased every year by 25% till the full assessment is paid Casuariaz 18 a fast growing fuel tree which may be tried on such plantations with the technical help of the Forest Department The successful outcome of these proposals will bave iar reaching effects Gea ing 321 folder would I P1 8 Rult Pcted ·increase increase Fodder famios would be a thing of the past Tbo cultivator would get locally kis timber and fuel Cow duog would be saved lor Babure Bloce food would be produced The revenus of tbe State would Apart from this the general ſert lity of the country would be greatly improved Izm not suggest ing that the actual amount of rain falling in Jaipur would be increased though tếat might very well happen But the 22 inches of rainfall wbrob falls dresppears rapidly in evaporation and floods which Carry with them the valuable top soul This rainfall would be absorbed into the soul and retained there for considerable periods so that the general moisture content of the soul layers would be far bigber tbon str presoot The trees would also act as a shelter belt to lesson the force of the desiccating hot weather wind, and to a large extent would mitigate the dust storms which are carrying away lar more than people realise There are places where this wird erosion has been romoving as much 18 26 000 tons of orth per square mile for at least 50 or 60 years (Note 002 Tour in Jarpur State by Bir Herbert Howard IF8 Inspeo tor General of Forests to tbe Goveromont of India ) & Iospraved ( ) Protective measures to prevent run of floods Mage and erosion will be taken comprehensively (11) Dermarcation and Settlement are to bo carried out and a Working Plas propared within two years ( 131 ) The past uncontrolled exploitation of forests must be undogo sbould be presented but at the same time regeneration Breas should be arranged, 80 88 not to ba large and contiguous thereby causing andne hardship meni Orar grazing ·35 Iod stries. Forests must contributo more to the development Help to of industries in the following ways (a) With the establishment of more and more industries, the demand for charcoal is incrensing Much more fuel wood and charcoal must be produced and at reason able costs (6) More timber wood 18 required for building purposes and furniture (c) We must experiment and try to produce suitable soft wood for matches pencils and paching cases As soon as we can be sure about this two or tbree match factories are expected to be started in the State (d) Forest must supply suitable grass such as dab for the manufacture of paper card board etc (e) Further subsidiary forest industries su h as catechu lac and epiculture (a) The improvements in existing forests can be 10 E POR carried out largely with the existing staff and without the considerable estra expenditure The creation of com fore1 munal forests sbould 1o volve no direct expenditure to tres Government It will be the same with the encourage rpent of forests to pon khalsa areas or encouragement to cultivators or commercial plantations in Khalsa areas The chief item of Government expenditure ! be in the increase in the area of reserved forests un Khalsa 120 ls We may estimate that such an increase may be up to a maximum of 300 square miles in the next 5 years In estimating expenditarà on raising these new Govornment forests account has to be in alred 1 rau D3 ew ·86 t ses at toe following factors which will operate to alumise the cost (1) It is expected that a substantial portion of these Qow areas will adjo!a the existrog foresta (t) The existing subordinate forest stof is by no means over worked since the greater part of the existid FASE & Toas coOSIS ID of bills is only under protection bu is not fit for ordinary working aluch of the new grens therefore could be put 19 charge of the existiog Forest Officers and subord. nato stati (5) A substantial portion of the a new ereas way be near villages Thorelore afforestation will be possible on a larger scale than is usualon tauanya IyDes Cultivators will be permitted to coltivata the new areas reserved for forests for two or three years fras of rent prav ded forest plants wero BOWO in lines et sted fied d stance with the kharil prop (6) The trees to be grown in these new areas will be largely for fuel such as babul kbejra vilaiti h bera sucb plantations do not require watering 3 I be total erpoaditure for five years should very rou bly be ? follows () Son & buchcl 1 boundry well with trenchos whero required Ng 00001 (1) Stati includ ng on in brora 200 Forest Guards 7 Foresters 5 Naogors 1 trained Sporal Forest Offcor and clorical alal 2 50 000 Po 300 0001 Sbe Special Forest Oficer will work under the coptrol of the existing Conservator of Forests ·97 m Ptd will also help villages to control grazing and brve charge of experimental measures in soil reclamation and checking of soil erosion in agricul ural land (Schemo XXIII Agriculture ) (1) After 10 years the now reserved forests should 11 I yield from thinnings an intermediato yield of Rs 50 000/ p a (6) After 20 years when regular felling couprs should be cold there should be & steady income of at least 3 lakhs a year even after taking into account a considerable fall in present prices (a) l'he present Forest Act needs to be amen Lg and brou ht up to dat Such amondnet 98 may facıltate the vast extension of r served forests proposed will be speerally nece sary (6) Private forests have also suffered aprely from devastation As recommended by Sir Horbert Howard a Private Forest Act would probably have to be enacted This should legislate for the prevention of mere destruction bat o ber viso Dot interre with the po vers of private owners Ibis will ultimately be for the benefit both of the owners and the community d 1 It 9 d ·> Tho obyt 6 We can V - INDUSTRIES LAISSEZ TAIRD implied that the State bad notblog to do with industry Socialism desires largely the extin tion of free enterprise as it io volves the class It would be appropriation of the surplus valus unrealistic for this State to cet involved in this clash of idear Our immediate task must therefore be to build up in industrial system throuch whatever agencies are immediately available entrepreneurs, joint sto I compidies or even State enterprise not bo deterrei or delayed by theoretical considerations of what systems would be the best from the point of view of production or social justice Granted that our e opomia expresion will not double the per capiti incomo nor advanc3 the well being of the worker to the extent theoretically po331ble yet the industriali31 ion will relieve the existing pressure on land reduce uneinployıncat cr under employment provide for r Tipid 2 cumulation of taxable jacome to finance 10 mm 11263 expr05100 of social servives, anl unprove to so mi orto 15h28 291010 condition of the miss s 1 be Government of India s recent Statein nt of In luz rıl Policy lays dovo that apart fruin ordnince factorial public utilities and railways basic industries of antional inportzace may be Dat onurse] proudol z lejuite privita oigital 13 not forthcoming and it is regir lei as essential na tha national interests to prymnot such industries' l'he 1odus ries which the Government of Jodia regard as bus c cover a wide raqoe but th y propose to consult tbs prouince and States about tha matter In States like thly as a rulo natioualisation is 18131616 July is respect of public utilitics In tho future the large bydro-elecuic = beme prapased, and of course, the ·39 extensions of railway and a new orginisation of motor fransport on impo tint rou is will be promoted eatirely s State enterprises But our main industrial develop pent will be based on privite ente pr se and capitals phioh araımmod at lyavailable in aba lance This docs pot meia that the Site will not pla 2 or control such levelopn.ent In the pas, tuo no e onomy was really free The entrepreneurs and businessmen planned, at did so to satisfy sectional interests The practical lternative 13 thus not b tweon a free and a controlled conomy but between an economny wbich is regulated y vested interests and one regulated by collective 10 prests of the community (Llp3003 A Planned conomy or Freo Eat ror se ) Bat before indicat bg the lines on which Tuture development will be fanned and controlled it would be u eful to outlıne fofly our natural resources and the progress made nce 1942 almost from scratch ma Jaipur has such valuable miuerels a3 copper lead 4 pr & ess I ady ryl, mıca glass band, china olay soapstone limes one spar calcite magnezite red and yellow ochres rnet and barytes Sheep rearing in the sandy tracts Sheikhuwati and Torawatı yields roughly fifty lakhs pounds of wool per annum The inore fertile tracts Sawai Madbopur and Malpura districts produce over tee lakl maunds of til mustard ground nut liuseed tor and other oilse ds The policy of ladustrialı ion initiated in 1942 has already yielded subs atial results The Jaipur Companies Act 1942 ich sturted the joint stock system in the State hag þealed both to the commercial community and to all sayings Within 3 y0315 107 limited liability mpanies have been registered with an aggregate ·40 authorised cipital of 191 crores Almost all branches of industrial and business activities 'aro roprosented among the companie3 regi tered Besides these & Coumber of companies register à outdə the State have estabhshed branches or have secured Government & consent to the issue of cipital in this State The result 14 that 101 industrial establish zents 1193 already sprung up in the State within these 3 years lavolving & capital investment of 2 crores and a labour force of about 30 000 persons l'hese do not include the existing 185 flour mills The 8 x large scale factories each with a subscribed capi al of over 6 lakhs are engaged in the manufac ure of non ferrous alloys, maize starch hollow glasskare iron and steel articles required by the defence services tents and the pulveri Among them dium and small scale indus trie, the moro important are the engineering works, Oilseed crushing salt refinery, wire drawing lapidary works pripting presges inanufacture of agricultural itoplements gas plauts saltpetre oil oloth and water proof carpets blankets felts tweeds boziery and handloom cotton fabrics 893pg hair Oils' ang pharmnc utical products sing of talc 3 Tutora ada trial poject al dy tkala band Chief amog trep gjes in hand are a five orora veatura for the msnufacture of heavy chemicals out of the bit eras of Soubhır Salt Lake a vary lar,e glass and pottery works at Sawai Madhopur, extractioa of copper on a large scale at kheter mines, a cotton mille it woollea mill, & tannery, a robbar factory a boa crushing will 15 011 milis 3 vegetable oil factories, & brass rolling mill pbırmaceutical works, a cipo studio and factories for the manufacture of cemeo and cement pipes RC poles, iron tools and imple ·41 ments, lanterns, ogole component parts, stonewaro, tiles and refractory bricks, 803p leather goods, cutlery and scientific instruments buckets, hollow ware electric bulbs lead pencils paints sand paper, abrasive and matches develp mnt But we cannnt be complacent l'he market 4 Future value of certain industrial securities has risen sharply owing to enormous profits made but the sum total of industryal activity in India during the war has been much less than is generally supposed to be and much of the advance has been dictated largely by immediate considerations of the war thereby increasing the ned for rationalisation What has been achieved so far in the State is thụs only an earnest of what is to come But the broad objectives of this future dovelop mont must always be b fore us These will be as follows (a) A greator balınce between agricultaro zad in lustry This means not merely the absorption of some of tho surplus which makes the pres uro on land so grert 13 to mu' or riculturo unramaneritive It also involves the full utilisation of the agricul ural rumat ru' of whi h 20 101113t use can be made on terms my favourable to tho rultivi or and the de entralisation of 1 ming of the small and medium sozle industries to rural art 3 23 may be possible with electric powr () Tulles industril utılısation within the State of our mineral resources (c) Establishment not merely of indus ries producing consumption goods but also of as many key industries as are favoured by the resources in the Stato ·Stata Help Stato help will contique to be given most gepe rously in the following ways (a) Land will be made available at conce4gopal rates Sıx industrial aites, four for large and medium scale industries and two for small scale have been laid out in Jaipur City A new industrial city 18 belag laid out at Sawai Madhopur (6) The hydro electric scheme must provide all the power required at special industrial rates this materialiges the Stata will do its best to provide more power than 13 available at present A new 1,000 KW generating set will be installed in Jaipur in less that a year (c) The State will give the utmost belp ia the procurement of priorities (d) Industrial concorns have been and will be Brompted from import and export duties (e) The State will participate in capital and management where this is desirable 14 order to emphasise Stato patronage Tweaty lakhs havo beon provided for this purpose (1) The State will provide facilities for industrial and technical education (9) l'he State must develop railways roads, and motor transport as speedily 49 possible, and regulate their rater god managemnoat so as to help industries It 13 2017 vai persilly realised that tha State must orerci90 control over indastry in order to baraesi the productive resources and the profit anotiya to social ends Such control will be oxercised on the following lines (n) Control ovər capital 15998 should continue, ip order to canalisa capital in directions, which may 6 State control ·43 further the interests of the community preventi a lopaided development and cat throat competition (6) State to regulate location of industries This should be determined both by the intere ts of the entrepreneur and in order to secure an even distri tion of economic welfare between different parts of the State (c) The object of all planning is to improve the standard of living of the masses This demands that the State must see to it that labour 19 not exploited The Factory Act and the Worlmen 8 Compensation Act recently passed will be enforced vi orously The State will first use its influence and then if need be legislate in order to secure for industrial workers a fair wage decent conditions of work and hfe and & reasonable security of tenure The State will specially help in the provision of proper housing To those dalled by the opiate of bismat unemployment and health insurance schemes even for industrial workers may appear as unpractical But it is hoped that the bigger industrial concerns will consent to try experi mental schemes of such insurance in which the employees the employer and the State would contri bute tion No facilities exist at present in the State for ? Iadug trial ed ca technical training A continuous flow of trained technical personael 18 essential for industrial develop ment The plan, therefore provides for the establish ment of the following (a) Cottage Industries Institute Jaipur (6) Technical Institute Jaipur, with diploma Surse in mechanical, electrical, automobile and radio ·44 bogineering This will train among others a large number of es soldiers, especially those with some technical qualification (c) Cinil Lagineering School 25 Juipur (d, Engineoring Collego at Pilanı It is expected that the Birla Eadament Trust yoo bave already an institution and workshop for mcchuuloll zod electrical truning at Pilani mill on 3 tbs oxpenditure for raising this to a dogros s 10dard (e) Compositors and Pru smon Class y Ten technical scholarships for study in India () Sıx foreignscholarships for study of technical and industrial subjects 8 Rural Industrial sation Duliata eforts must be made to promote rodas trialisation in rural areas particularly with the help of hydro electricity It is only a dispersed or a widely spread indus nal structure that can be integrated with agriculture This will help to absorb tho surplus of agricultural labour or mutin class of half agricultural and half industrial labour as in Belgium and Czeko lovakia L'hem lium 300 small scale industries which particularly suit tha S xte for th.s purpose, ere oil floar dal splitting and sugar mills 802p factories pover loom WCiving co toa and woollen, small engineering workshops for agricultural and cottage industries manu facture of bru3372re felt, brdı palats g7od paper, avrusives scents cutlery and tricks Rs 50 000 have ben provided by way of Government subsidies for Also agricultural industries such 19 cattle broedrag and dairy farming sheep and goat Eronning gur and paina jaggery, hand ginding sbonla both this purpose ·45 be improved with the help of the different depurt mnts concern 1 and orglaisel og far as possible do a co operativa b2318 for cre lit proli lon and market in This ruralısı ion of indu trie shoull help in improvein nt bɔ b in the standerd of living wd t chnical etc ency in the country side A long time ago wis made a t10 thousand year plan Thrt Elindu Plin einb acel all aspects not only of economic3 bu of life Much of it is now derelict Not so its cottage industries Bat one school of thought sees no further use o cott & for them The Roy Plan 823 Any conside able Id tis use of the cottage industriez cannot be reconciled with the spirit of the plan which is to open up for the people & prospect of continuully improving standards of livin O hurs and not all Gundaran rerard self sufficient villaga communism based on cottage indus ries as the chief ineas of restorin, humin values in productin Cloth 13 d ar which 83ves a few annu3 to the buyer waile it cheapens the lives of tug mn women and children who live in Bombay Chuw!s (Youn Indix 6 1 23) Socialışa tion must fail as a remedy bezause it does not treat the real disease which the factory system has inflicted upon marakind (Borsodi The Ugly Civiliza tion) Again somust bring to bear a strictly pract cal attitude in the matter What is tae present rezlits ? In this state the most varied and numerous cottag and small scale indu tries are the principal source of livelihood of over three 126h persons Included ainoog these are bandicrafts those artistio excellence flows from the joy of creative work folt by generations of ·48 local artisans The chintzes "choondries, "safas," the lace tie and dya priatej fabrios 'salna embroido y, and gota kinarı cirpets felts, ambossed and engraved brassare,silverwaro marble statues and images, ivory and stone carvings precious and syathetio stones jewellery lacquered bangles and papier macho toys vie with each other 13 ezgaisite workmanship and design. Recentig several of these bandiorgits bave fallen on egil days as their comparativa inefficiency cannot withstand competition with machine mido produce Evon from strictly 00900010 point of viowe, at would only maka matters worse if these workers have to abandon their present oscupations Too much must not be expected from industrialgztion Mass production needs a lot of capital but little human labour So far our factories and mills have engaged only about 30000 labourers This number can be multiplied ten to fifteen fold in the next five yeurs But should we because of this drive two to three lakh cottage workers to unemployment l'hora 29 another aspect of the question Some of these cottage industries such as cotton and wool spiaging basket and rope marking together with agricaltural industries prov da sub Bidiary occupation inc vast nombers of our agricul turists Our object must be to see that almost every caltivator who has not adequate land, has a subsidi Ary occupation Farther we intend 25 80 Bid 12 Bolving unemploymeat, to encourage more persons 10 the raral areas to take to cottage indastries as their main source of livelihood Surh cottage jadastries will boostberindependent or linked to the mediom and small scale indastries, to be encouraged in ruralar338 The Japanese model in this respect is well worth ·47 ollowing *There 60% of the industrial population ain their livelihood in a multitude of small under talings employing not more than 5 workmen spiece (G E Herbert Industrialisation in the East And Its Effects On The West ) Wherever a large factory 18 erooted it soon becomes surrounded by multitudes of small workshops which perform subsidiary processes (G O Allen, "Japan, The Hungry Guest ) In Japan as in our country, capital 18 not so plentiful and cheap as labour We therefore propose to help all such cottage industries which have vital qualı ties Appendix Vincludes & list of the existing cottage industries showing which are capable of development and extended use as a subsidiary occupation and which are amenable to cooperative organisation eto Our plan therefore provides for the following specifio measures of helping the cottage industries - (a) A Cottago Industries Instituto is being started at Jaipur Several of the utilitzrin handicrafts will be taught with the help of improved appliances and laethods The artistio handicrafts will continue to be taught by the Arts and Crafts School will also maintain a store of raw materials and applian ces not only for the use of its pupils but also for the benefit of artisans also The Institute will teach primarily the sons of artissas but as 7 temporary measure demobılı od or disabled er soldiers will also be taught here () The State Central Workshop will devigo and manufacture improved appliances This workshop will te attached to the technical institute to be started in Jaipur (c) Peripatetio demonstration parties will toar and teach rtisans at their bonuses the use of such The Institute ·1 49 appliances and improved designs and technique This procadure has already started for some of the cottage industries Special attention will be paid to ex soldiers wbo already know some handicraft (d) A Contral Marketing Orgusa 100 will be Bet up imneliitely This will supply faip materials to artisans introduce batter designs and improved technique and applıon ez arrange for sampling gadiog and stro lardisation of tinished products and above everything else breingo for th mrri eting for which purpo o no v mirim 3 outuls the Stato will have to be esplored and an Lapo iu n muntana 1 at I upur City Rs 95030/ huve be a prov 'el for the expenses of thi Otranisation in the first year but Inter it should not only pry for it ulf but otra a profit l'ha work of this or 171 ton will have to ha coordinatel vory closely with that of the Loop rit vu Department in arounner which has bn detul d under the bad Co operation Thr* 412 h 22 or, ini 14101 cın ba ot Bupremo hein to several of the cotting industrios is bordo ont bi tho ervadlo of hat uns b en done by the }} Tndia Stoners Ass cizron within this state Four vei giro they or, 2013 il h} spining and mino of cotton i Govin arh Cherau und Samolu At pc and the lint 1111 1121 25 privito which bro come in ne istenc proside cott n to the soinarrs ind, the yarn torch by the band loin 17 13 DID rh p2 1 unique scale for almost three fourths of thom 1 201 ch lien la ther towns tre enga ed in spinning on ordinary charlhas zai) there are about 1 100 4 03 vers l'ho A 90C1& tion and these 95 codceros bleich and trash the cloth and the export most o it out ide tho Stato 1 bo Forth of the khadi export d from these torens averages CO coro6 ·49 ston over a labh a month The proposed Central Market ing Organisation should be able to achieve similar results hoth for cotton and woollen spinning and Weavido and for everal other cottage industri s such as bru swire and nownre Special attempts should by made to induce agriculturis 3 or their wives to tako up cottage indus ries such as cotton and wool spin uing and to olve them tho lvuntu os of this Central Jarketing Organi ation (a) An Industrial Committee composed of repro 10 08 1 sentatives of government industries and commerce bas just been set up This will be consulted on all matturs of policy regarding industrial development (6) Later on sinular district committees will be started (c) We will try experiments with the organı ation of a few regional village committees of the type suggested by Sır M VI FC varyu in bis Villa e Indus tualisation Th purpose of such committees will be to roup five or six villages so that they may devise an i tale coordinated measures for advancing their industrios and other development Ordinarily village panchayats will elec repre entatives for serying on this committee (d) An Employment Bureau will be s tup mme di tely under an oficer of the Industries Department specially travel for his purpo e I bis will particu lirly belp es soldieis t sccure suitable employment in mudu tual concern wud government services of all grades in which yo vacancies that occured during the war are alrerdy reserred for this purpose The Bureau will worb under the control of the Soldiers Res ttlement Officer

·ED
11 Isb bi
to and
attlef urs
Industrial and agricultar i} exhibitions and
cattle fairs will be held in Jaipur City and districts
A permaneut exhibition court is being made in Taipur
City The cost has been included under the provision
for Improvement of Jaipur City' under the bead
"Local self government and improvoment Rs 50 000
has been provided for such exbibitions and fairs
Most of these generally pay for thema elves

·VI - COOPERATION 1 Tra in In spite of our best efforts we have go for succeed ed in getting only three Inspectors and five euper visors train d outside the State At this rate our pro gress in cooperation will be very slow We therefore propose to start a training class within the State for training the following cooperative stafi 12 Inspectors 50 Supervisors 10 Auditorg Rs 30 000/ have been pravided for this purpose In the history of cooperation 10 India the slogan 2 Agr cui first was for concentration on credit societies Tben ta 1 Co opete the tendency became to mult ply different non credit M Itapur Pse Socie societies of the same cultivators each for a different es purpose a marketing society a seed society & better living society This history must not be repeated We inust straightaway start agricultural multipurpose Bocieties This will grant credit But the credit must be linked to markeuing The members should be granted loans only on the condition that they sell their produce throu, h the society Tags the limited liability of these wul purpose societies will not be a handicap Also credit must be butter controlled than is usual as has been successfully done in several districts in Madras from 1936 37 Further loans for production purposes could take the form of improved seed manure implements As a rule the same society could also organige cooperatively the supply of producers requirements to its man bara ·52 d UD Fa 8 Agr cual Markoting bas to be highly sp cialized in orde to tural I ket ng secure for the cultivator a bigger sh? o of tho srice paid by the consumer The multipurpose sice 109 mentioned above must therefore hue tho buoout of expert agencies in the shape of Varbe ing Umous to be set up in ouveral of the importa 1t bu incos ceat , each coinprislug ou an avera, of abuu 10J societies and a Marketing bederation it Jaipur 4 Ap x Bank An Ipex Bank at jaij ur weil belp to procure the capital required to w tuout the r sou cez of the societies If necessary tbe State will hare in the capital and woa,ement ibis Bank must become the instruinent tor securing that distorent kinds of loans given to Lemburs are classhud and treate i seperately and that the scherpe of collection is based on methods that suit local conditions Cotta The cottage industrie wurhet are the counter Ind striel part of our cultivatois in two ways Hasty they also are in the grip of wabajau tuuler 10 several ways Secondly they are at a cousiderable disadvantaa 10 marketing Diost of our cottage industries need to be organised into cooperative societies These also must discharge several function (a) The society should provide loung on easy torms on the security of equipment and finished products provided sach products are sold throu 1 tbe sucretias (b) Tho society should arrange for th3 bulk purdu143 and Bopply of much of tho aw material (c) The society should as far as this may le feugiblo sell the finishod produc 3 throu a tho Cantral Marketing Organ! Bation outlined and r the h ad of Indu: 1 3 (2) The scciety sbould get the goods minulgo areia slag) the simples and spe fica 1019 phera b333 are givea by the Cea tral Marketag Orgapi ation ·ა3 ccold acquiry For sometime to come it is desirable tbat the c atral mirueting organisation romuins under the prptrol of the laddustries Dapur nent I bey bure or thet baill airlod eaad staff required for this parpose mu h mora Assi's than thu vouge 1 tive Department It is propose i to start 100 ocle of cottage industrie rural and urbio with four industrial stores 3 1 b 1 t Ibe primary atill and ghes productio cittle breedıag ind 6 Agte sheep rearing ure the 2, pirultural snbsıdırry industrie d ary arenable to cooperative organsıtion societies of mill and ghec should later on bo developed iato unions Also there should be ? ghee grading station in Jaipur City Modern equipmunt such 23 cream ser arztors and gheo boilors are cconomically advantageous for the making of ghee It is as a rule only a cooperative society that can afford to buy these The gbeo and milk so le ies should be organised 13% rule only in compact breas where those products abound A start yill be made with boshies and ghee producers in and round Jaipur City and in Khandar area ·VII --EDUCATION In India once the scholar counted for more then the administrator Then Taxıla Nalanda, Navdvipa and Mithila sent out youth filled with the love of learning In the last 150 years all power and glory has been that of the administrator The result has been an educational system whiob has prepared not for culture and citizenship, but for crams, and crumbs of office This has been so at every level The village primary school bas been a slough of listlessness, entirely unrelated to the world in which the children live, move and bavo their boing The secondary school has idolised examioations but desecrated the high spirits and fertile imagination of youth The University has been more a bach wash of learning tban a fount of vigorous and independent though The lesser the vitality the greater the imitative So till the scheme of basic education with which is associated the name of Mr Gandhi bardly eny original attempt was made to reconstruct our educational systems We romained content with ideas borrowed from other countries about half a century later than their voque When compulsory and free edu ation was introduced in western countries over half a century ago in India the authorities talled of tho filtration theory which suggested that if we educate the classes knowledge would filter down to the mas es The question that is troubling advanced countries ROW IS & different one Can democracy Sortivo when the mass of its membe & coase to bo educated just at the point where knowledge begins to exercise its fascination ? (Laskı 8' Reflection on the Revolution of Our Time ) ness ·So when severy countries have made eecondary education compulsory the chief problem for us is the rapid extension of primary education Our technical education like our industrialisation 18 still in the embyonic stage Our education needs not only a vast extension but also a reconstruction O r literacy figure is 539 Males 94% Women 859 According to the 1941 census there were the followioz children between the ages of 6 to 11 – Boys 1 91 408 Girls 1 73 497 pm ry ed et Total 3 64 905 In August 1944 the numbers of such children of school State or private were as follows - Boys 70 966 Girls 6 962 Total 77 288 This means that we have to provide primary schools for another three lalbs of children Taking an as of 45 pupils per primary school roughly 7000 more primary sabools are required in order to make primary education universal So far we have roughly over 1,000 The Sargen scheme suggests the tainment of universal primary education 10 40 years We should try to achieve it earlier, if possible Bat the rate of progress will have to much slower in the next five years than later on in the next five years It is doubtful if we can start more than about 200 primary school ·primary schoals per year, as we cannot prodace terchers ícr lartar number We have three training schonis for traing teachers of all cate,ories exception the Bzh Inr of truning Te will start one more Sach school for rumor primary school tercberg tramın, srstitutions ciuld easily be mu tiplied but there will not be enough pupils A & result of tbe recent conversion of a large number of vernacular middle into anglo vernacuhr middlo schools the para bor of vernicalar final passes hus talleu froin about 800 to abou 350 in the last two years of these odly 40 to 60 are girls As our primary school teachors will be trained vernacular finals it is clear that in the next five years at the vory outside about 280 primary school terchers could be trained andually During this poriod we will open a number of now vernacular middle secondary cbools I'be products of these new schools will pass cut after three years Their truning will tale one or two years l'hus it is after theo vt five years that re could open a very much larger number of frummary schools every year so as to provide soyvarul primary education for boys in about 20 to 29 se re froin now and fur girls 18 little ljuger period Oa the ext_03100 of primary ducation the plan proposes an lucrez o of expenditure from the ordinary Stata revenucs in 5 years as follows Rs 8 Sikhs re urring expenditure and Rs 11 lat 14 un recurrio erpuad ture This will corretho recurring cost of ope in. primary schools every yer Ikoo tuonte of the pon Tecurring expenditure is explained a little later under the head of building It is hoped that another 50 primary schools per year could be provided for by cess, which it 19 contemplated to levy in such areas ·57 wh re compulsion is introduced Tor this purpose a Compulsory Primary Lducatiou Bill has just been prepared The cess must be leviable both in lhalsa and non khalsa arens n 6 of 6 to Apart from everything else compulsion 18 the only means of remedyin the awful wastage tbat tales place in primary education Only 8/ of the pupils, who join a primary school fiuish the full primary coarse re a wastage of 92; Compulsion will be intr oduced selected areig botu urba. and rural The question of the age and period for which education is to be made compulsory is of the atmost importzace The report of the Central Advisory Board of Education 1944 reconnineds that from the start primary education should apply from the age 14 As a result of experience most educationists are igreed that compulsion for 4 years only between the ages of 6 to 11 does not really serve its purpose, However before a final decision can be taken about this public opinion will have to be consulted It is proposed to start 50 new secondary schools 2 E tene » in the 5 years in order to maintain the ratio of one а ту а secondary school for erery ten primary schools will involve an increase of five lakhs in rečurring expenditure and five lakhs non recurring expendituré. All educationists are agreed that the old fashioned 8 R primary school must be scrapped Instead of morely terching the three Rs by passive methods it must be dry d ca integrated with life which is practical pragmatic and ton. constructive As a result of primary education to village boy must become a better farmer or craftsman a better citizen There may be differences of opivion as to how exactly this revolution is to be effected, f se on This t D t t not pm ry 1 ·68 butit 18 clear that diece meal cbanges and modificationis in the existing system will not do The system of hasio education demands that education should ceptre round some basio craft to wbich the teaching of all other Bubjects must be co-related Such an approach to the unlocking of the child s mind and creative powers 19 more effective and fruitful not only because it enlista the powerful supports of his instincts but also because it offers opportunities for cooperative and group work in school and thus establishes lines of liaison between llo in school and outside We bave bad 20 of our teachers train d in the basic system at Agra and Allahabad Training Centres and this system was introduced in ten of our schools in 1943 A notable part of the original system 18 that should pay for itself Several edcuationists doubt if it ever can fully do 80 But even if it can pay for a substantial portion of the cost, it will help very considerably in universalising primary education (0) Bo far, the crafts introduod in our basic schools ate paper cutting card board work, spinning and gardealog In this state, with its glorious traditions of bandicrafts, it sbould be possible to teach more of them in these schools varying according to the locality As steps in the right direction we have already intro duced hand work, sach as paper cutting, clay modelling, takly splaning in our primary schools and in all secondary schools, a practical subject has been made compulsory Secondary school boys bave to take up one of the following subjects Carpentry, Tailoring, Cotton spinning and weaving, or Agriculture ·69 Becondary school girls must take up domestio science, including cooking sewing, laundry and nursing Steps will be taken to improve the teaching of crafts, both in the basic and other schools by getting the teachers to take an intensive course in the proposed Cottage Industries Institute They can conveniently do so daring the summer vacation Also the proposed Central Marketing Organisation of the Industries Department will be utilised for sale of the school products c) Experience shows that the single teacher primary school is not at all successful It is proposed to gradually eliminate such schools which number 170 by the two teacher schools The new schools will be provided with two teachers as soon as possible (d) Ihe scale of pay of primary school teachers have just been revised as follows PTO Rs 20 1 25 to 25 1 30 This does not include dearness allowance * T 0 25 1 30 to 301 35 It 18 hoped that the now scales will help in recruiting (e) In recent years co education in primary & hools has made some progress with the result that about one fourth of the number of girls in primary schools are receiving co education Co education will be encouraged but only in the smaller villages where the numbers of boys and girls are not large enough to justify separate primary schools In other places the schools will be separate Primary or secondary schools for girls wherever there is the expectation of a sufficient number of pupils will have prionty over other institution of the same category ·60 ) Ofthabite new secondary schools that will & started ten should be high schoo's Of the e at leist 3 will be Tecbaical High Schools of the tepe suggested by the Report of the Central Advisory Board of Educı tion 1011 The e will be located in tong other than Jaipur, wbieb ure to lure considerable industrial expansion, file Sywu Madhopur Only a fow such technological subje t3 will be taught us will specially fit the papıls for local employment Some of tbu pupils who pass out from these Technical High Schools will bo encouraged to join the Technological Institute which will be start d in Jaipur City in order to giro advanced truning 19 a large variety of subjects (6) Small agricultural farms are attı hed at present to only 2 achools Nine moro auch school farms will be set up la subsals, having such firms agricul turo vill be introduculas au optualsdoje + S adects who pa 3 out from suub secudurg - boul could go on to the Agriculture School to be s arted in Jaipur City (h) The Naharın Gayatrı Deri Girls, Hib School has been 1 notablo sacc 99 and will be developel farther as a model school on advanced lines A Medical College a 113 kanical and Electrical Logineoris, College 391 an de altur | Collore bare beca proposer under the dificrear departments cou corded The Vabarazas College alrealy bus co pducation but a separate Wouen 9 Degree Colleon 18 uccossrry It 19 hored to star this from 1916 With all the inatitutions in the State it aloull be ruly feasible to start in tivo or three years Vorversity of Najpu 201 with its centre i Sripar This muy be of tlit athlıstıs, ty po Tho plio provides for the ucces I her Edu at on Bury funds ·61 Adult education in India has not yet become Adult Educ tia adolescent The mass literacy movements started in British India huve not made much progress The problem has to be tackled with by the State with far greater vigour than in the past if the blot of illiteracy 18 to be eradicated It is proposed to start a 100 adult echools every year Most of these will be put in charge of regular school teachers on a voluntary basis They will be paid a bonus of Rs 41 per adult male literate Tor urban areas whole time staff will have to be employed Panchavats and large industrial concerns should also help in adult éducation 1 Ibn Public Libraries and reading rooms should exist 7 r bl 10 all towns and almost all yıllages if the literacy d Rad secured by adult education is to be Laintained GR Government have recently start d libraries and read ing rooms in 18 towns libraries in 37 villa es and 5 reading rooms in Jaipur City Also a Children & Library and Play room has be n added to the Maba raji s Public Library in Jaipur City Government propose to establish 100 inore libraries and reading rooms in towns and villages It 18 also expected that more such institutions will spring up in the future entirely through the efforts of Municipalities larger Panchayıts thilanedars and other public spirited individuals 8 Cit 1 d The revival of the indigenous theilre feit dance and community music will be ſosturc& not only throu,b village chouls bu alo pancing its It is copiinon experience that such activities ind organized amu do moro than anything ele to create that corporate spirit, which alo e can mihe ·64 0 five years thoir own are boustu iu illi iramslia]19 tetpes bired or lent bu ldings In Jaipur the City of palaces and mansions primary and secondary schools instead of being the minor tandles of les ning with one or two exceptions are housed in buldıags distinguished only by baing thorou hly cramped ill ventilated and ugly, and they--both boys and girls sch 2013-neither onu por have the u e of any play grounds All this butter ect of decides will tale time to remedy but we muat do the h st mcclain th n A sep3 ite provision of five likhs he beea twade for inmadılte improvement of eri ting bool buildings primary ind & cos isry 3}l over the State an! the provision of play touuus ja Jupur City Secondly at 19 proposent that wery ylar -0) primary sobools sbouid be įrovided with bu bi bu pucca buildings at an irerile cost of Rs 10001 euch Ihe non recurr ing cost of 11 likhs provided for the extension of primary education thus covers 10 lakhs for this pur pose One laba is for equipment (f the 750 new primary schools which are to be opened from the ordibary roveoues of the Stato duriog the five years Thirdly the primary education ces which is expected to start and hajuce 20 pruip y chools during the same period abould be loved states whico suffices to cover the co t al o of buildin,saadequipinont r quired for these schools Thus it should be possible to provide duriug tbese five years proper buildings not caly for all the nel primary schools to os opened but also for about 200 or a quarter of the existing primary schools 1 11 Elaca tion of bkwara common! Efforts have been made pot wholly without BUCCA39 to get Larijan boys admitted in ordinary schoals l'hoso altorts must bs intensified to the ·65 1 st degree Nevertheless for a few years to come rhaps the interests of this community may require purate primary schools for their boys and girls As iny of thoso as may be wanted will have a piiority er general primary soboo to be opened every year ond only to new giels primary schools that may be fuired Alo one lalh of rupees have been provided for voolarships for all tages and kinds of oxucation to riven exclusively to (a) Harijias 1) Vemb r f buckward communities (c) Poor and deserving students For each category girls will not only b eligible bo specially favoured It is in first seven years of a child 3 life that the 12 K a ble for freedom and progross both for him or her sind I the country is won or lost To populvrige kinder ten training we must start tivo propr binder ter schools in Jaipur City and the lirger towns Vision has been made for tralang two Jaipurian men each year 13 bindergarten teachors It is also posed to s art by way of exeriments one or two kmen s \ight Schools in Jaipur City These may ffiliated to the Technical School so that the work 2 can vot only become literate but receive higher inical knowledge in order to qualify for promotion s expected that tho lurgor industrial concerns will operate tholobeartedly in this venture In the current years budge the allotment to acation is 17 23 000 while the total estimated es р *t tat 19 T 8 nel ti

·66
penditure is Rs 2,59 00 000 or a percentage of 9 95
This plan provides for an increase in the recurring
costs under the herd of 'Fducation and for educa
tional institutions included in tho plans of other
departments Aggregating to a total of Rs 42 88 000 or
an annual avorage of Rs 857 600 With this increase
the expenditure on Clucrtion would become 15 17
por cont of the same total expenditure as in the currrat
year

·YUI - MEDICAL RELIEF THER} are 2 State hospitals and 8 dispens lies 18 Jurpur City and 33 State dispensaries in districts l'bere are alsa 12 Thihana or privato dispensaries in be districts This gives one hospital for about 60 000 opulations wbich 18 gros ly inadequate Che position la grasated considerably by the fact that there are ardly any private allopathic practitioners in the tetricts Therelore apart from these dispensaries 18 rural areas hare no means of medical relief other in cards and ha) ims who are 23 a rule not qualified ke ideal would be to have a dispensary witbua 5 iles of every village or town This would require 15 dispensaries Ihre ideal cappot be realised than 5 years among other reasong owing to a lack medical personnel This plan proposes to increase numter of dispensaries in the State to at least 100 the course of the next five years and to adopt other teliorative measures It has been decided to establish a Medical College 1 IY Jaipur and it 18 expe ted to start teaching from poi ly 1946 It will adinita maximum number of ) students both men and women Te rely on & zular flow of students from other Rajputana utes also Also arrangements will te mode immed: ly to trun a suficient pumber of female and worle rses midwifes and compounders at the Lady liogdon Hospital and State Zepada Bogpita! A fresber Course for State Medical Officers will be tituten at the Lady Willingdon Hospital 2 EPA (a) All the district dispensaries are all all Tha t + apped and bave insufficient accommodation pensaries at the three district bcadquarters other acti 18 (prsa En ad mpr e med c1 ·68 than Jaipur City will be converted into brst cla s district hospitals with at least ten male and ten femals beds and adequate medical and nursing staff (6) L'hirty five now second chs State dispensarits will be started in Tehsil berdquarters and towns with over two thousand populatioa It 18 expected that Beveral new thrkana or private dispepsanes will also be established in the next few years (c) l'he Lady Willingdon Hospital nd the State Zenaza Hospital are first class sostitutions, but requiro some additions by way of buildings, whuch will be provided as soon as possiblc Also threo of the dis pensaries in Jarpur City will be re organued and provided as soon as possible with better qualified doctors and more subordinato staff and subse quently lopatieat wards will to added in order to admt the less serious cases and thus make more room in the two main hospitals for the more Ibe Lady Willin, don Hospital kas 550 beds and the State Zenana Hospital 150 beds this IB Ouito ibadequate Funds have been provided for these purposes serions cascs Y en wedlc reliat It 19 & matter of the deapest reorut that so far 10 arrangements have been made outside Jaipur City for the treatment of nomen It is now proposed to appoint womea graduate doctors at the 3 first clas9 district dispensaries and 25 urdunto or liceutige women doctors as a rulo at second class district dis pensaries or in exception3, circumstroccs at womens hospitals to ba built separately. It is better to appoint a large number of these women doctors und be thom to start work in tho existiag dispensties ratber than ·89 start & limited number of separate women s dispensaries in the rural areas Quarters will be built for these women doctors and additions and altera tions will be made to existing dispensary buildings Also women nurses will le appointed in such dispen Baries as have woman doctors These women doctors will also control and supervise cbild welfare and maternity work of mdwives who will be appointed to work in rural areis as indicated under Public Health This will obviate the necessity of appointing Health Visitors for supervision of child welfare work This will not only male for economy but also prevent the lack of co ordination between women s hospitais and child welfare and maternity workers which is a common experience in several of the British Indian provinces ul There is a Tuberculosis Sanatorium near Jaipur 4 Tb City but it has no free beds A hundred bedded free ward for poor patients will be added to it A start is to be made immediately ATB Clinic will be started at once in Jaipur City and three such clinics will be adred at the district headquarters du Ayurvedic and Unani bystems stul command a 5 Ayard large measure of publu confidence are comparatively st cheap It has therefore been decided to start Ayur vedic and Von dispen ar es in rural areas as an experimental measures 20 Ayurvedio and 6 Unanı dispen arics wili bu tarted in uch towns or villages as are at a distance from the existing State dispensa Further it is propo ed to improre the teaching 10 Ayurvedic and Upani systems of medicine Ayurvedio medicine at present is taught in a section of the existing state Sanskrit College which is very ries ·70 neg ungrtisfactory, shile thero is & separato aided Unanı Tibbia Com. It is hoped to establish a soparate Ayurvedio Colle c within the next two yeurs Also the aid to tbe Umw Izbbır College which is very mos,re will bo lucreased 3 S beid Is it will take about ten years to buvo a dispen dlfed cal Fract to srry within five miles of every town or villago it 18 necessary to subsıdıse qualınel medical practitioners allopathic and 10digenous to settlo in rural aroas not served by dispensaries l'he subsidies will vary accord ing to the system of medicine, und qualifications and it will be pud for the first few yeurs only during which time the practitioners should be able to establish themselves In tho next five years it gbould bo pos giblo to subsidise twonty such practitioners rbo additional advantage in sulsidiging allopathic practı tioncrs will be that they will be utılılısed for health work in the neighbourhood particularly at the time of epidemics and for inspection of the health of school children 7 à cal Leg! tio Tho Jaipur Aledical Act 1913 and tbe jupur lyurvedio ind Uomni libbi Practitioner s Act, 1913 will be enforced im cdiately l'beso provide for the compulsory registration of qualified medical practı tioners I hert is also a provision under which thoso not registered under one of tbeso Icty 100 not 10 regular practice on tho first of Soptember 1913 of any reco,dizod system of medicipo or surgery will be debarred from practice

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·IX_OUBLIC LE A rap! Our towns and village to the inicrobes parad130 of life is about one third countrie und one hit of I death rto very high but tbs. maßges 18 very poor uspects of public health wory Ton Jaipurrin Modicals tipends for acquiring tho Dir? Also ten Jaipurians will br Inspectors All of them wili kus A Public Health Institute vill prepare sera cirry out a0113813 and train staff A Vital SLR established immediately A Birts tration Act applicable all out enacted shortly A Health Oficer and an As bave beon appointed for each 1 will have to be supplemented by units one for each Nizamat antı epidemic and other licalt! ronder elementary medical rolu by dispensaries One Malarial Officer and tre Surveyors will be rppäinted box already gone for training to bo followed up by large scale such as filling up of insanitary drainage works 10 lakbs have Buol works Sale of quiline or 11496

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·75
I
and when possible transport serious cases to no oh
bcuring dispensaries
(a) A Leper Asylum will be opened in Jaipur
City in order to enable the segregation of lepers
I he buildings are under construction An experience i
lepro y specialist will be appointed immediately in
order to train over medical officers in charge of distirct
dispensaries in the detection and treatment of leprosy
particularly in the earliest stage, when it is much more
amenable to
than later Spec publicity
measures will be undertaken to spread knowledge in
both ruraland urban areas about the earlie t symptoms
find the good chances of cure of the disease if treat
ment is availed of without delay
(6) Three new Skin Veneral and Infectious 9 Spøci 1
In tita
Diseases Hospital will be opened in the three district
haudquarters These is already one in Jaipur City
aud this will be provided with new buildings
curo
t
9

·78 clataff ар Tempora The plan shows against the bigger items of road ry te bni construction the technical staff that will be required, and labour These total to a large number But as all the roads qara will not be constructed simultaneously actually a much smaller number will suffice The majority of these will have to be recruited temporarıly from outside The unskilled labour will be available easily, and an attempt will be made to form a Civil Pioneer Force amongst the demobilized soldiers under their own officers to belp in the construction of roads under the supervision of the higher technoal staff Indır ct Some economists think that the Bombay Plan 18 effectuer emaplay anduly optimistic in hoping that within 16 years the gent. i proportion of people engaged in industries can be rais ed to 269 re more than doubled Even in the USA only 27/ of workers are engaged in industries any case industries cannot do more than absorb some of the surplus engaged in agricultural production It cannot provide employment for all plan of comprehensive economic development not only must we develop industries and improve the purchasing power of the agriculturists but also in crease the score of tertiary occupations te trade, transport and services In the United Kingdom and the USA such occupations engage 507 and 479 respectively of the population Even more than poblio utilities the development of roads and transport is the Ley stone to the increase of such tertiary occupations With the expansion of transport trade will increase especially distribative trade Markets will then become sctive new shopping areas will spring up, banking and financial agencies will arise increase in employment will result from all this and the effects will be cumglative Not only unskilled labourers but techoicians of all kinds will be required and intellectual workers for management and clercal works Thus in any A great ·XI - RAILWAY 3 15 1 1 TAE recent dvelopment of motor vehicle transport nece sitates & reorientation of railway policy Pre viously it was considered necessary to build railways within 15 miles of every village Now many branch line projects which would have been justifiable when the bullock cart reigned supreme would be a waste of money The Government of India have now come to the conclusion that new railways should only be built where & traffio survey shows that a road 18 unlikely to be able adequately to take care of the traffic The main traget therefore of railway development in the future will be in the intensive development of traffic on the existing lines so as to give faster better and if possible—though of this there are small hopes-cheaper service to the publio combined with better service conditions for the personnel of the railway services In accordance with these principles tha only new 1 Ext n railway project is the Sanganer Malpur Bapas River filways railway extension This will in yove a capital expeu diture of 84 lakhs and should give & return of about 4% It will serve some of the richest agrioultural tracts in the State and enable large scale industrial develop mant of the area particularly in the line of cotton mills, cement and lime factories The building of now coaching stock and replace 2 New tock ment of old stoch have been provided for at a cost of 15 lakhs The new third class coaches will provide more and better accommodation 8 Amenities Some additions to such amenities have been made it third recently but much more is required. Foar lakhs haya PS ager been provided for this purpose as railway 1 La n (agg

·80
It is not gonerally recognized that the efficiency
Hator
Transport of public transport as & sshole and the interests of
Borvi
the community require that both roud and rail services
should be controlled by a single authority There are
two ways of achieving this The State may either
secure the maximum coordination between road and
rail interests by the usual wetbods of control of fares,
routes mud traffic or the State may nationalise
both the railary and the mo os transport Of the
two alternatives we have decided in fivour of the
Jatter The State already owns the local railway
and will bow organise its osa 11 ptor transport systom,
to cover all the important roads and operate this in
coordination with tho sailmy It should be possible
to employ a aumb r of cx service drivers in tbis
organisation The venture should yield a return
of about 4%
6 Rilway
Freights
Railway freights will be scrised in order to further
the industrial and agricultural devlopment of the
Stste In this direction the lead and real sub tantral
help has to come from the Central Governwont by a
rovision of railway freights all over India

·XII --LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT AND IMPROVEMENT last year The condition of our towns and villages reflect the inertia of centuries Both are characterised by appalling insanitary conditions Met alled roads pavements and drains are rarities in towns In villages they do not exist at all Several villages still do not have pabha wells Others have baories which cause the terrible disease of guineaworin Towns are congested and villages planless Gove a ment has earnestly taken up the general sanitary improvement of towns and villages A general grant of one lakh and special grants were made for this purpose A pipe water supply has been arranged for Dausa Municipality entirely at Government expense All baories in tehsil Toda Rai Singh are being converted into draw wells at government expense A Jaipur City Improvement Committee has recently been reconstituted Town Improvement Committes have been set up in several towns under the chairman sbip of Deputy Commissioners Allotment of lands have been made for this purpose A few yıllages are being replanned and land required 18 being provided free by the State Development to be lasting and v tal must spring 1 Los ! from the consent and the corporate efforts of the people $ 168erg & bod s themselves Local bodies to & progressive State are what cells are to a living organism A system of local self government therefore has to be created et every stage (a) The Jaipur City Municipality bas been reconstituted unber & new Act with vastly increased powers and an elected Chairman ·82 (6) Thirty ono new Town Municipalities buvo been created and have just started functioning with the help of subsidies from the State and the bigger tbibanas Both are considering tbe question of trios ferring some of their present sources of incoin to these new municipal bodies (c) A Panchayat Act has been enacted on the lines of the Mysore Panchayat Act Tl16 invests panchayats with far more comprehensive functions and larger powers of taxation than siunlar bodies exer cise in most British Indian Provinces It is expected that at least a thousand panchayats will be established in the next five years each panchayat comprising a town a village or a number of vllages (d) In the near future legislation will be under talen to invest the Jaipur City Improvement Com imittee and some of the more important Town ſipprove ment Committee with statutory powers and wider representation than these bave at a present Experi ence elsewbero shows the necessity of getting the towo planning and improvement worl carried out by a st tato y body other thin the municipality (e) A Central Advisory Board with district branches was coustituted 10 1939 for bringing to the notice of Government the administrative needs of the People Recently the State Rural Development Bourd with branches in the district buve been constitutca and have proved very useful But it is recognized that we require statutory district boards to whon Government con delegate to a substantial extent it functions relating to ration buildiag departments Iu British India tha statutury district boards have been functioning for a considerab o period bat gendarlly have ·m not achieved conspicuous success One of the reasons for this is that the villages in British India are still without panchayats having such functions and powers as constitute these into effective local administrative units and corporate bodies Our district boards should spring from and be integrated into a vigorous system of panchayats all over the State (a) the improvement of Jaipur City has to be ? Imp worthy of is ancient bevuty its position as the JP Cty metropolis where live about one fifteenth of the total popilation of the State and which in additiun to being the capital is the first ity in almost every srhero of life industrial commorrial and educational It must therefore be tho spear hend i civic advance und the Ay mbol of the Stato pro ross Improvement already carried out had first to be devoted largely to what are known 28 external schemes tho lay out of new residential and industrial the latter numberin, as ruany as sir pipes were not available owing to the war for more underground sewage than a total length of about two miles The efponditure incurred in the past four ears 18 18 follows Rs Acquisition of lands and buildings 1 00 000 Lay out of new residential and industrial areas including ronds drains and lighting 800 000 58 model vorkmen s quarters at about Rs 2000/ each 100 000 Underground som 2c 22 000 Paving of rastas or lane 6 35 000 Other improvements 2 40 000 Tnt i czpe diture 3500 000 areas ·84 Income from sale of plots eto already realised 14 00 000 A large number of the lands and buildings acquired have been or are to be utilised for public buildings parks markets and roads Plots yet to be sold are expected to realise about ten lakhs Tho lay out of the new residential and industrial areas will thus bave largely paid for itself (b) The improvement schemes that remain rre largely internal sehemes of clearing congestion nou the more expensivo items of sanitary improvement which have yet to be worked out in detail but mav provisionally be outlined as below - (2) (lenranre cf slims & congestell areass Areas like Gbat Darwazito wanda Nala Ramganj Chaupar to Gangapole Gate Top Khanı Des Puranı Basti are all foul spots unfit for human habitation Five lalhs have besu provided for clearing such areas Compensation will be paid lurgely for bulidings only as almost all the land bol ogs to the State (hucha Upar) Cho dehoused In sy be given first prefereuce in any new re idential plots that may be laid out but ut if thos 21039 will be left open as lung spaces, or playgrounds or utilised for schools child welfare and maternity ceutres clubs gyipnasiums or publio build 10,8 Vost of the dehoused will be given plots which are already being laid out outside the City walls on most sides (1) Su eepers quarters It 19 nece sary for the State to build as soon as possible suitable ·85 quarters for sweepers both musicipal employees and customary The specal reasons for this are indicated later 1.be model workmen s quarters which have been built have two living rooms and cost about Rs 200J each Sweepers quarters mostly each with one living room should co tabout Rs 1000/ each Five lakhs have been provided under this head 212) IVorhmens quarters The 68 model workmens quarters already built have been occupied and there 18 considerable demand for their purchase It 18 proposed to sell these and build other quarters with the proceeds and so on I his by itself will not enable us to build as many such quarters as are required and the poorest classes will not be benefitted An effort will be inade to get co operative house building societies comprising the poorest artisan classes to build houses for them Govern went my advance louns to such societies on a very sinall interest ana help with other concessions In these operations preference will be given to those who will be dehoused as a result of slum clear ince If they are owners of the buldings that are to be dismantled they will get compensation With a loan to supplement the amount they could build bettor new houses Tbe new houses would of course be mortgaged till the loans were repaid If these efforts do not sacceed, the State may have to undertake to itself build more workmen & ·88 lity also If the essence of morality is kind ness, then you can make people moral only by making them happy In this proper recrea tion helps considerably The State must, therefore positively encourage athletio and cultural recreation Clubs playgrounds vymnasiums swimming tanhs should be made available for all classes including the working classes and children Dramatic and pusical activities should be encouraged by construction of an open air theatre and a 1090 theatre and music ball combined It is hoped that the public, particularly the well to do will donate generously for such purposes State help will usually take the form of grunts of land on a concessional or nominal rent and in particularly deserving cases cash grants also Suitable areas for these purposes are being reserved in the now improvement schemes and will be secured inside the City walls also result of the clearance of congested areas One lakh has been provided for cash grants as a (ix) Minor sanitary improvements including paving of Ganda Nala Sir lakhs have been provided under this head as detailed in the appendix The total requirements indicated above amount to 87 lakhs From this should be deducted ten Jakhs wbich aro expected to be realised from sale of plots alreaby laid out and anotbor tea lakhs for plots to be laid in the future ·89 (c) But there remuids another large and necessary it m This is the extension of mater supply Ibe pre ent position is very unsatisfactory Ramrarh water supply scheme 12 million gallons was de ign d for per day Ainanı Sbab Scheme 5 3 17 24 million gallons onsumption duriog the peak months of 144 was per day Lven with this excessive pumping in 1944 water supply worled out roughly to 9 gallons per day per head Usually 20 gallons per head is considered really satisfac ory The excessive pumping required in recent years is of course largely explained by the increase of population that bis trben place since 1941 when the population stood at about 1 75 000 Now it it estimated to be about 225 000 In the next five years with vastly increased industrial activities popu lation 13 likely to increase by another "5000 With underground sewage mo t bnu es will take to flush latrines requiring an increis i supply of water per capiti A lag e tension of wer supply system 18 therefore e ential It w 13 SC Funfor un te that in 1931 when the luluh ter supply scheme was started tho 1 2 inillioa s herpe was preferred to the 3 3 wllion schen o now Noi tho alternatives can be considered Lith to go in for the 33 million Rawguh schme or to tap the Dhuad Nadı at 1 di tance of about 8 miles from Lachman Hoongrı by means of a ba tory of tube wells The former was estimated in 1930 to co t as much as ·10 Rs 43 lakhs Thi horrerer provided British steel pipes It is possible that within a year or tso Indian cast iron or hi hp es uro cement pipes may be arul able at a cbeaper rate The Dhund Nadt scheine would be much cheaper beoruse it would require only about 8 miles of pipes as compared with 17 iniles from Ramgarh to Lachman Doongri Also it will save the cost of filtration because sub soil nt r will be utilised It is considered that th 10 is p enty of water in the sub soil but a trial bore, which will be put up shortly alone cun make sure If this scheine materialıses, it may cost roughly Rs 25 lalls The City improvement schemes after setting off the proceeds from the sale of plots and the exten sion of water supply are likely to cost at least 72 lalhs It would not be fair for Government to meet this entire expenditure from its g neral revenues Iho following suggestions for easing the burden on the general revenues bave to be considered (1) At present Government have to inect the bulk of the expenditure of Jaipur Municipality by means of net grant averaging about three lakhs 2 year The Municipal Council levy only very minor taxes, which yield them only about a labh a year This is a unique position which must be altered Obviously it is only for that the municipality must levy new trxes for which there is the impl st scope so that it has an incoine of its own which more than covers its recurring expenditure In this manner the recurring grants of about the e labbs ? year made by Goverament to the municipality can be diverted to the capital cost of the worls indicated above This m15 provide about 12 lakhs for the purpose Even so Quother 60 lakhs ·1 will have to be found Th18 also is too beavy for the States general revenues to bear It would be equitable, therefore if the Municipality took a load of at least 2. labhs for the purpose of contribu ing towards the the extension of water supply underground sewage or other schemes which will principally benefit the existing habitations The annual repayment ins al ment in respect of such a loan spread over a pe iod of 20 or 30 years together wtih concessional interest would by no means be beyond the capacity of the Municipality In British India smaller munici palitie tale and repay larger loans for similar purposes Thus the total amount required from the general revenues of the State for improvements in Jaipur City in the next five years has been estimated to be 35 lakhs (1) Nowbere perhaps, is the lot of customary sweepers so unjust as here They have to work in the most insanitary conditions and yet their wage are grossly inadequate Even the new Municipalities Act makes it penal for them to stop work but does not give the municipality powers to compel bouseholders to pay fair wa TA3 The result is that mo t of tho customiry sweepers are beavily indubte.I to bohras To these money lenders go a considerable part of their cash earnings while they live largely on scraps of food which they get from householders and proceeds from the sale of night soil 10 which they are supposed to huve customery richts and shich is dried into cakes roun) about their house3 This state of affairs must be remedied without delay The State must build customary sweeper: quarters for municipal and sweepers These must b3 distributed all over the City so that they may no have to live far from their ·92 places of worl The ho must be changed so as to ensure that bouseholders pay for $11 es Then the customary rı bts in niht soil iu be liquidated The greepers Cosier. Ivo socle le mu e formed 80 as to preveo wps00; ulo.13 C ly tuvo by idoney lenders Conditions of s rvice will be in rovert as a result of suastar upprov inlats alicu 1 buv img OTO mnt 1 manı pal 1T03 These towns aro th lugolo stab es of centuries It will take tune to convert the so 111 occatres of civic life clean sapilary and sell equioped with all public utiles We must first provide their urgent requirements which are as follows (a) Improvement of witer supply All baories which buoply drinking water and aro responsible for the widespread providence of the terrible disease ol guides worm must be immediately fill d up and convorted into draw sells Existing wells must be rep ired and cleined periodically (6) Roads and lanes must ba paved and puca drains provided (c) General 810163rt impropoments must bo affected lbo xpost important Deod is to bave an adequate number of sweeper, and proper arrangements for removal of night soil and rubbish (d) Lighting sbould be improved (e) Specially congested arers should bo opepod out and where necessary now improved areas should bo laid out with the belp of town improvement committees and state agency Gofernment have already taken in hand ·99 improvemen schemes in respec of three municipal to ins Jhnojhunu Dausa Chatsu In place of Sawai \adhopur an entirely new town to be called Sawai Manpur is being lud out The old torn is partı ularly unhealthy for various reusons Its water supply is brackish and it is so situated in the midst of adjoinia, hills that with every heavy sbowe of rain th hole town gets flooded for hours I he new towu will have large industrial areas Several now lodus trial conceras have already beon allotted plots is these areas This new town with rail connectiga with both B B&IR (broad gauge) and tho Jaipur State Railway (moter gauge) will be ideally situate.) both for large scale industries and for wholesale export and import business and should thus become the Gateway of Jai A large mandi is being establ ished close to tbe railway station Tue vew government offices court and other public buildings required for the town since its recent construction as the district bead quarters are already under cupstruction In all these towns where wprovement schemes have been taken in band town improvement comunittees have been set up and are consultei lhese improvement scheme including the lay out of the nex to va at Sawar Vidhopur are expected to be self supporting throu_h sals of the nese pur State plots ·92 places of work The law must be changed so as to ensure that householdt:8 pzy fair 12 € Then the customary rights in ni b soil ou bu liquidated Tbe seepers Cooler slite socie 1e3 mu * 18 formed so as to prureu uusa: u ulou os fortition by juoney lender3 Conditions of 8 miesill bunroved 351 result of saltv Huprov u utu alici i ibu & Urgent (mp ov6 went t menepal Sow The etwas zre ch lugela stab'os of cunturies It will take time to convert these no centros of article cleon eauitary 2.d well equiped with all public utili jes We must Grst przvide their urgent requirements which are as follows (6) Improvement of writer supply All baories which supply drinking rtor aud zro responsible for the widespred prevalence of the terriblo dis ase of guinea worm must ba immelutely filled up rad converted into draw wells Cristiag we'ls must be rop ured and cloned periodically (6) Roa is and lands must be paved and pucca draios provided re) General sanitary improvements must be affected Ibo inost importaut need 18 to have an adequate number of sweeper, end propor arrangeincats for removal of night soil and rubbish (a) Lighting should be iruproved re) Specially congested arers should be opened out and bere necessary new improved 87033skould be laid out with the help of towa improvement committees and stato agenoy Government have already taken ta band ·frants armed witb foresight and a determination that Dc707 97 of which bis already been realised in some villago or the other bat not all together anywhord in Indian Improved agriculture with plenty of vagotablos nnd fullest irrigation consolidatod holdings cooperative societxes for credit purohugo and market ing controlled mirkets better onttlo no stud bulls except the approved ones first and treatment of outtle disease improved crafts & subsidiary occupation for most cultivators small industrieg utiligigo electrio power where necessary a communal forest ample but controlled grazino good drinking water gunply roads and main lanes paved and druined with electrio fighting pitted rubbish no unnecessary ponds or pits medical relief and a chtld welfare and maternity centre a panchayatghar organised gymos a theatre community dancing and singin radio 2 library and reading room boys and girls men and womon all Iterate and thoroughly alive and above all with the will to improve and the capacity to unite and work for the common good Doubtless when the new cup of community life is presed round once again to our villages after the strgpation of some centuries it will frequently spill over But it is only through this fermentat on 298 failare that the new order will onero There is no other way in this as in higher spheres of the greatest of 211 arts self govern ment The statement enumerates the government grants that are nroposed to be giv n to local bodies But no local hodieq cani ve even on the lowest planos On goveroment doles They must tax themacions fairls and boldly Most of all both Goverament and the lerders of the people must be fired by Vision falters as only thus mops cease to be maps o become romantic visions and cities leap to life become pagesats of history

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·ng
estimated at about 59 per cont Different v3y3 aro
porsible for fiducing the rest of the apital cost One
of these would be for the State to raise logo for the
purpose
As for the increase in recarriag erperditare
entailed by the plan there is firs ly the increaser
recurring income that would ac rog B3 3 resolt of the
chance ove from the inmat mat in the Corernment
of Ipitia serurities to the biobls pruda ite scbemer
indicated above Secondly she tax resources in
general of the Sib3--> hi harton been legs de
veloped than 17 27to 43, 431 tha pls coası
derable acoge in 13 opp at the receip from
exratiart fry 17877277 a'zo by way
of new tym T.75 + post this plan buh
apital 271 warm aan my ATT Pyar finances of
the St
Bogers om of the plan
will b lp )
sistent of PP employment
which will be a patrol of the war
and also pro 7 minsament tan sodne fali
the net! few yeurs
22, nirwellare
, I this prie A 10
nating tip *1 in trere
$
2015
pe

·Xili - FINANCE Tar total capital cost of the Five Year Plan amounts to bine crores Its recurring co t of five years works out to nearly one crore tventy lalhs Ia other words we may estimate - permanent aantal increase in the recurring expenditure of twenty five lakhs Out of the capital cost about six crorez sillb for projeots which will be directly and immediately revenue earning or highly produ tive Tho mbies among those are the hydro olectric and irrigation projects totalling bezrly four crores and the railway extension costing pearly one crore Lesser projects of this nature are many such 28 the projects for increase of irrigation by minor orns joy olving governmost expenditure of about fourte n Ibbs twenty lakhs investments in now heavy or mediura industries State motor transport services involving four lakks The large scalo incr0190 in adorestation will be bighly productive but only after & Inpso of at least ten years The reserve funda of the State annount to about 8x and ball crores Of these abou four and ball crores are invested in three or thre und hull por cent Government of India securities If the proceeds of these four ind huit crores securties are utilized for financing the hydro-electric scheme the irrigation ? projects and the railway extension scheme the net apnual yield after defraying the inaintenance charges will amount to considerably more than the interest that at present accrues to the State The irrigation plan shows that the average net yield on the hydro elec tric scbems and the irrigation projects can safely bo ·09 estimated at about 52 per cent Different ways are possible for financing the rest of the capital cost One of these would be for the State to raise loin for the purpose 16 As for the incre 4 in recurring expenditure entailed by the plan there is firstly the increased recurring income that would accrue as result of the change over from the investment in the Government of India serurities to the hırbly productive schemer indicated above Secondly the tax resou ces general of this State have hitherto ben less de veloped thro in inost other States and there is consi derable scope for increa99 both in the receipts from existido tare 23 for instan e excise and also by way of new trention Thus the cost of the plza both capital and recurrino zre well within the finances of the State At the same time the execution of the plan will help to tide over the reduction of employment which will now set 19 b 02.19e of the end of the war and also serve to chech any tendencies to an undue fall in prices that may appeur within the next few years Above all the effect of the plan on the economio welfare of the people will be manifold and this increase in general prosperity is bouad to be reflcted in the revo nues of the State