·No text on this page.

·Summary Proceedings
of the
Twenty-ninth Meeting of the
Indian Central Cotton Committee,
Bombay,
hold on the
28th and 29th August 1934.

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·INDIAN CENTRAL COTTON COMMITTEE. 29TH MEETING-28TH AND 29TH AUGUST 1934. (Feld at Vulcan House, Ballard Estatc, Fort, Bombay.) SURARY PROCEEDINGS, AGENDA. PAGE. 6 9 9 9 9 12 12 12 13 16 16 16 1. Presidential address 2. Confirmation of Minutes 3. Comments of the Government of India on the Annual Report of the Committee 4. Changes in the personnel of the Committee and Sub-Committees 6. Appointment of cotton growers' representatives on the Committee to the Board of Directors of the East India Cotton Association 0. Mixing of Verum with ordinary Jari cotton 7. Representation of cotton interests in Karachi on the Indian Central Cotton Committco 8. Resignation of Mr. D. F. Kapadia, Assistant Technologist, Technological Laboratory 9. Licensing of gins and presses 10. Clean picking of cotton--Replics from Directors of Agriculture 11. Cotton Marketing Organisation of regulated cotton markets under the Bambay Cotton Markets Act 12. Cultivation of improved varieties of cotton in the Barrage areas of Sind-Noto by Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind 13. Sampaign for extension, seed distribution and marketing of puro Sind- American cotton * 14. Malf-yearly Report of the Publicity and Propaganda Officer 15. Report on the fumigation of American cotton 16. Provincial Cotton Committees—Proceedings of the Sind Cotton Committee 17. Summary of Proceedings of the Local Sub-Committee 18. Roport of the Cotton Forecast Improvement Sub-Committee 19. Schenges of the Committee Report of the Special Meeting of Agricul. tural Research Sub-Committee 20. Institute of Plant Industry, Indlore-Future policy 21. veeting of the Indian Central Cotton Committee at Indore 22. Madras Pempheres and Physiological Research Scheme-Reference from Special Meeting of Agricultural Research Sub-Committee 23. Technological Research--Progress Report of the Director, Technological Laboratory 24. Technological Research-Report of the Technological Research Sub- Committee 25. Agricultural Research-General Progress Report 26. Progress Report on Surat Boll-worm Clean-up Scheme 27. Progress Report on Broach Cotton Breeding Scheme MO-T BEY 130-1 17 17 18 .. 18 18 19 19 21 21 24 26 26 26 ·2 Par.. 27 27 27 27 + 27 27 27 . 25 28 28 28 28 28 28 29 30 30 31 31 31 28. Progrcas Roport on Jnlynon Cotton Breeding Scheme 29. Progress Report on tho Bohemo for survey of small lenf disease in cotton, Bombny Presidency 30. Progress Report on Sind Physiological Research Scheme 31. Progress Roport on Madras ]Terbaceum Scheme 32. Progress Report on Mindras Fodder Cholam Scheme 33. Progress Report on Mndras l'ampheres and Physiological Research Schomo 34. Progress Roport on Madras Noclam Cotton Breeding Scheme 35. Progress Report on the l'unjal Botanical Research Schemo 36. Progress Report on the Punjnl, Pink and Spottel Boll-worm Sclicmc 37. Progross Report on the Punjab Cotton White I'ly Scheme .. 38. Progress Roport on the Punjnl Spraying Trinle Schomo 39. Progress Roport on the Punjnb Root Rot Scheme 40. Progross Roport on the Punjab Defibrating and Delinting Schome 41. Progress Report on the Central Provinccs Botanical Scheme 19. l'inal Roport on the United Provinces Entonological Research Scheme. 13. Progress Report on the schicnic for survey of cottons in Rohilkhand and Bundelkhand, United Provinces 44. Annual Report of the Institute of Plant Industry, Indore 40. Progress Report on Hyderabnd Botanical Research Schemic 40. Progress Report on Hyderabad Pink and Spotted Boll-worm Scheme 47. Progress Report on Ilyderabad Cotton Surrey Scheme 48. Progress Report on Bikanor Gang Canal Scheme 49. Progress Report on Baroda Root Rot Scheme 50. Progress Report on Burma Cotton Improvement Schomo 51. Seal Distribution and Exlcnsion Schemes. Progress Report on Hubli Schomo 52. Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes. Progress Report on Gadag (Extension) and Gadag (Supplcmentary) Schones 63. Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes. Progress Report on Surat Scheme 54. Sced Distribution and Extension Schemes.-Progress Report on Khandesh (Banilla) Scheme 55. Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes. Progress Report on Athani Scheme 56. Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes.-Progress Report on Sind Scheme Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes.- Progress Rcport on Madras (Tiruppur) and Co. 2 Schemes 58. Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes.- Progress Report on H. 1 Scheme Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes.--Progress Report on the Central Provinces (Verum) Scheme 60. Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes.--Progress Report on Hyderabad Scheme 61. Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes.--Statement of costs for cotton ginned at Lyallpur Ginnery 62. Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes.- Progress Roport on Baroda Scheme 31 31 31 31 31 33 32 23 32 57. 32 32 33 33 33 33 63. Proposed New Agricultural Research Schemes.--Scheme for investigatio into Root Rot of Cotton in Gujerat n 23 ·3 Page 33 33 34 34 34 34 34 35 102 112 120 127 36 38 04 Proposed New Agricultural Research Sche ucs-Scheme for study of Lang Caterpillar pest in Gujerat 65 Proposed New Agricultural Research Sci emes --Scheno for survoy of Goghari cotton in Gujerat 66 Proposed New Agricultural Research Schemes ---Scheme for survey of Goghari cotton in Baroda State 67 Proposed Nero Agricultural Research Schemes - Scheme for Cotton Jassid Investigation in the Punjab 68 Proposed New Agricultural Research Schemes - Schemo for investigation into Rcd Leaf diseasо of Doddahathi(American) cotton in Mysore 69 Proposed New Seed Disimbutton and Extensio 1 Schemes Wagad Seed Distribution and Extension Scheme 70 Report of the Agricultural Research Sub Committee 71 Roport of the Standing Finance Sub Computteo (a) Balance Sheet as at March 31st 1934 (6) Final Accounts 1933 34 (c) Revised Estimates 1934-35 (d) Budget for 1935 36 (Government servants) 72 Proposed inclusion of Pulgaon under C P No 1 tenderablo places 73 Proposed New Agricultural Research Schemes ---Scheme for defibration of cotton seed in the Bombay Presidency 74 Progress Report on Plant Puller Propaganda Schemo in Surat and Broach Districts 75 Supply of N R and Cambodia cotton seeds in the Southern Division of the Bombay Presidency 76 Draft Rules under the Central Provinces Cotton Market Act 77 Draft Rules under the Madras Commercial Crops Markets Act 78 Universal Standards for Indian cotton-Progress Report 79 Extension of cotton cultıvation in Bengal 80 Examination of the possibility of using short staple Indian cotton for the manufacture of artificial silk Scheme for the propagation of C 402 cotton in the Hardoi and neigh bouring districts of Lucknow and Sitapur, United Provinces 82 Proposal for provision of fumigation facilities at Calcutta 83 Grant of honorarium for preparation of indices of Minutes of the Com mittee and its Sub Committees 84 Proposed introduction of a common unit for the purchase of sced cotton throughout India 85 Broadcasting of commercial news on cotton 86 Proposed new Agricultural Research Schemes --Plant Puller Propaganda Scheme in Baroda 87 Proposed new Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes - Scheme for tho marketing of Verum cotton Resolutions passed by the Committee APPENDICES 38 38 38 38 38 40 40 81 40 40 41 41 41 I Licensing of Gins and Presses Secretary 8 noto II Cultivation of improved varieties of cotton in the Barrago arcas of Sind-Noto by Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind- Secretary s note 11 Half yearly Report of the Publicity and Propaganda Officer IV Schemes of tho Committee Report of the Special Meeting of Agricultural Research Sub-Committeo 53 66 73 ·PAGE. 76 84 06 V. Technological Research-Summary of Progross Roport of tho Director, Tochnological Laboratory VI. Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committco VII. Report of the Standing Finance Sub-Committee VIII. Universal Standards for Indian cotton-Progress Report Secretary's note IX. Proposed introduction of a common unit for tho purchaso of scel cotton throughout India--Secretary's noto X. Broadcasting of cominercial nors on cotton-Secrotary's note. 128 128 129 Present : Dewan Bahadur Sir T. Vijayaraghavacharya, K.B.E., (President), Vice-Chairman, Imperial Council of Agricultural Research, Sir Purshotamdas Thakurdas, Kl., C.I.E., M.B.E., (Vice-President), Representative of the East India Cotton Association, Bombay, B. C. Burt, Esq., C.I.E., M.B.E., I.A.S., Agricultural Expert, Imperial Council of Agricultural Research, (C2-officio), S. V. Ramamurty, Esq., I.C.S., Director of Agriculture, Representative of the Agricultural Department, Madras Presidency, Dr. W. Burns, I.A.S., Director of Agriculture, Representative of the Agricultural Department, Bombay Presidency, Khan Bahadur Maulvi Fateh-ud-Din, I.A.S., Officiating Director of Agriculture, Representative of the Agricultural Department, Punjab, J. H. Ritchie, Esq., I.A.S., Director of Agriculture, Representative of the Agricultural Department, Central Provinces, H. B. Moore, Esq., Representative of the Bonhay Chamber of Commerce, Chunilal B. Mehta, Esq., Representative of the Indian Merchants' Chamber, Bombay, F. G. Travers, Esq., Representative of the Karachi Chamber of Commerce, Seth Sakarlal Balabhai, Representative of the Ahmedabad Millowners' Association, E. J. W. Plummer, Esq., Representative of the Upper India Chamber of Commerce, Y. G. Deshpande, Esq., Commercial Representative, Central Provinces, Rao Bahadur G. R. Kothare, M.L.C., Commercial Representative, Central Provinces, Khan Bahadur Sardar Habibullah, M.L.C., Commercial Representative, Punjab, Akhil Bandhu Guha, Esq., Commercial Representative, Bengal, Rao Bahadur M. G. Deshpande, C.B.E., Co-operative Banking Representative, ·6 KS Rimastamı Gownder, Esq, Representative of cotton growers, Madras, MR Ry K Sarabhi Reddi Garu, Representative of cotton growers, Madris, Sardar Rao Bahadur Blumbhar Ranchody Naih, MLC, Representa tive of cotton growers, Bombay Presidency, Sardar Simpuran Singh, MLC, Representative of cotton growers, Punjab, Man Nurullah, MLC, Representative of cotton growers, Punjah, NM Deshmukh, Esq , Representative of cotton growers, Central Provinces ind Berir, JB Deshmukh, Lsq, Representative of cotton growers, Ceutral Provinces and Berar, Nizom ud Din Hyder, Esq, Director of Agriculture, Representativo of thc Hyderabad State, CV Sanc, Esq, Director of Agriculturc, Representative of the Baroda Statu, HH Pandya, Esq, Director of Agriculture, Representative of the Gwalior State, DN Mahta, Lsq, Economic Botanist for Cotton, Central Provinces, SS Salimath, Esq, Deputy Director of Agriculture, Southern Division, Dharwar, Musahib i Khas Bahadur SV Kanungo, Tinance Minister, Representative of the Indore State, Scth Isserdas Varındmal, Representative of the Indian Merchants' Association, Karachi, P B Richards, Esq. JAS, Entomologist to Government, United Provinces, Khan Saheb Farrukhbeg Sadıkalıbeg Mirza, Nawabshah, Sind, Lala Shri Ram, Representative of the Cotton Millowners of Delhi, The Secretary (P H Rama Reddi, Lsq, IAS), The Oficiating Director, Technological Laboratory ( RP Richardson, Esq), and The Publicity Officer (R D Mihra, Lsq) By invitation Mr T C S Jayarutnam ICS, Director of Land Records, Central Provinces Mr P M Joseph, Deputy Director of Statistics, Department of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics, Calcutta Mr A K Yegna Narayana Iyer, Director of Agriculture, Mysore Statc, ·6 . Mr. M. D. Williams, British Cotton Growing Association (Punjab). Ltd., Khanewal, Rai Saheb Thakur Ram Prasad Singh, Economic Botanist to Government (for Cotton), United Provinces, Mr. B. S. Patel, I.A.S., Deputy Director of Agriculture, Gujerat, Mr. J. B. Hutchinson, Geneticist and Botanist, Institute of Plant Industry, Indore, Mr. C. G. Paranjpe, Agricultural Engineer to the Government of Bombay, Mr. B. P. Deshpande, Cotton Entomologist, Broach, Dr. V. N. Likhite, Officer in charge, Cotton Root Rot Scheme, Baroda. Letters and telegrams were received from the following members regretting their inability to attend the mceting :- The Director General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics, Calcutta, Mr. S. D. Saklatvala, Representative of the Bombay Millowners' Association, Mr. J. Nuttall, Commercial Representative, Madras, Rao Bahadur C. S. Shirahatti, Representative of cotton growers, Bombay Presidency, Khan Bahadur Maulvi Mohammad Obaidur Rahman Khan, M.L.C., Representative of cotton growers, United Provinces, Rai Bahadur Lala Anand Sarup, M.L.C., Representative of cotton growers, United Provinces, M. R. Ry. V. Ramanatha Iyer, Avl., Cotton Specialist, Coimbatore, Mr. W. J. Jenkins, I.A.S., Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind, Khan Bahadur Nawab Fazl-i-Ali Khan, Chairman, District Board and President, Central Co-operative Bank Ltd., Gujrat (Punjab). President's Speech. Gentlemen, I have great pleasure in welcoming you to the 29th meeting of the Indian Central Cotton Committee. We miss a familiar figure in the person of Sir Manmohandas Ramji who was a co-opted member of your Technological Research Sub- Committee as a representative of the Bombay Millowners' Association. Of his many-sided activities, of his independence of thinking and of the value of his contribution to the public life of the country in general, and to that of Bombay in particular, it is hardly necessary to remind you. I am sure you will ask me to express on your behalf our sorrow at the close of a life full of years and honour. I desire to offer our congratulations to Mr. W. Roberts who has been honoured with the title of C.I.E.

·7 I also desire to extend a cordial welcome to Seth Sakarlal Balabhai in the place of Seth Naranlal Jivanlal, to Mr. K. S. Ramaswami Gownder in the place of the Honourable Nr. V. C. Vellingiri Gownder, to Mr. Akhil Bandhu Guha in the place of Mr. Nalini Ranjan Sarkar, to Mr. F. G. Travers in the place of Mr. G. C. R. Coleridge who resigoed shortly after his appointment in the place of Mr. J. O. G. Barnes, to Mr. Nizamud Din Hyder in the place of Mr. B. A. Collins, to Mr. S. S. Salimath as an additional member in the place of Dr. Burns, who now represents the Bombay Department of Agriculture, and to Seth Isserdas Tarindmal in the place of Mfr. Girdharlal R. Kotak. We are glad to see in our midst Mr. A. K. Yegna Narayana Iyer who has succeeded Dr. Coleman as Jiead of the important and progressive Department of Agriculture in Mysore. Our policy of encouraging the replacement of short staple cotton by medium and long staple cotton is steadily extending and the agenda of this meeting bears abundant testimony to this. The events of last year have emphasised the wisdom of this policy and there are gratifying signs that it is winning public recognition. You will all remember the fulldress debate that took place at our last meeting on the comparative merits of 1A and 1027 A.L.F. in South Gujerat. A controversy that had been going on for over five years was finally settled so far as our Committee was concerned by the decision that 1027 only was to be recognised. The Sonsek Group of Co-operative Societies which had set tbeir face against 1027 from the beginning bave in the current year taken 1027 seed in large quantities and have come into the scheme of seed distribution we sanctioned in our Janunry meeting and formed a secd group from amongst themselves. I should like, if I may, to pay a tribute to the firmness of the Indian Central Cotton Committee in this matter and to the admirable zeal of the Bombay Agricultural Department which bave produced this successful result. As a supplement to the 1027 seed distribution scheme two schenies are before you for subsidising efforts on the part of the Bombay and Baroda Departments of Agriculture to eliminate Goghari from their respective arcas. The extension of the area under Verum cotton in the Central Provinces is another step in the same direction. At its last merting the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee asked the Central Provinces Department of Agriculture to put up a sced scheme for a period of five years instead of the usnal yearly request for assistance which had been the practice hitherto. The Local Government have agreed to finance the scheme for this period by an annual recurring advance of tho Inklis of rupees. On our part the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee has recommended that we should assist what is partly a marketing scheme and partly a aced scheme in order to ensure a reliable supply of pure seed and to the farmer a proper premium. It lias been locally ascertained that the reed not sold through the pools supervised by the Agricultural Department was practically all adulterated and that the sellers did not obtain anything like the premium they would have got if they had sold through iļic pools, The merits of the scheme are therefore obvious, + ·8 In the same connection I must invite your attention to the important proposal made by the Special Sub-Committee which you have appointed to deal with the question of developing wider markets for Indian cottons. The Sub-Committee recommended that a compact area capable of growing 300,000 acres of cotton should if possible be reserved for long staple cotton in the Barrage areas of Sind. The recommendation has been examined with great care and in full detail by the Chief Agricullural Officer in Sind whose considered note is now before you. As you will see he is in full sympathy with the underlying objects of the Resolution which are to organise and control development of long staple cotton cultivation in the Barrage areas and the establishment and maintenance of a reputation for the purity and quality of the Sind-American cotton crop among consumers both in India and abroad. But he points out difficulties in the way of setting up a compact area of the nature proposed. Of all places in India, Sind offers the greatest scope for the production of long staple cotton. There is an assured demand for it and it could replace the bulk of the cottons now imported from America and Africa for spinning finer counts. I am sure the question will receive your most careful attention, The problem of supplying the demand both in India and abroad for pure, reliable staple cottons has brought to the front the old question of the licensing of gins and presses. As long ago as 1924 the Indian Central Cotton Committee recorded its opinion that this provided the only effective solution of the evil of the mixing of inferior cottons with the Punjab-American cotton. The resolution however did not find favour and we tried other remedies which did not involve legislative action. We set up a Special Sub-Committee to deal with malpractices but by 1933 it was clear that the limit of voluntary action had been reached and that without a clause in the Cotton Ginning and Pressing Factories Act to provide for licensing, the evil could not be met. We accordingly re-affirmed in August 1933 our resolution of 1924 and this is under the examination of the Government of India. Meanwhile events have been moving fast. A representation was received by our Committee in March of this year from about forty leading cotton merchants and firms in Bombay drawing attention to the increasing malpractice of watering cotton and asking for immediate legislative action. About the same time the Central Provinces Board of Agriculture pointed out that adulteration was depriving the grower of long staple cotton of the full benefit he was entitled to get in the shape of an enhanced premium and that this stood in the way of expansion and suggested the same remedy. Representations to the same effect followed from the Bombay Millowners' Association and from the Bombay Chamber of Commerce. Our Local Sub-Committee considered these documents and asked the Vice-President to hold a conference of the interests concerned and a resolution prepared by this conference drawing attention to the “ dangerous” increase in the evil of watering of cotton and asking for immediate action in the interests of Indian cotton is coming up before you for discussion.

·I am afraid, Gentlemen, I havo alrcadly exceeded the limit of time I have set to myself and must closc with a bare mention of the report of the Special Mccting of the Agricultural Rescarch Sub-Committee which at your instance has reviewed all the research schemes financed in the past from our funds. It has been a valuable inquiry and has resulted in important suggestions for the future. SUBJECT 2.- Confirmation of Minutcs. The Minutes of the previous meeting were confirmed. SUBJEOT 3.- Comments of the Government of India on the Annual Report of the Committee. The Secretary's notc* was recorded. SUBJECT 4.-Chanyes in the personnelof the Commilla and Sub-Committecs. The Secretary's noto* was recorded. SUBJECT 5.-Appointment of cotton grouers' representatives on the Committec to the Board of Directors of the East India Cotton Association. Referring to the three places to be filled by election on the Committee of the Board of Directors of the East India Cotton Association, the President said that the sitting members were Messrs. N. M. Deshmukh, Mian Nurullah and Sardar Rao Bahadur B. R. Naik and that a ballot would be held if there were more than three members On the Vice- President proposing the re-election of the three members and being seconded by Rao Bahadur G. R Kothare, the motion was carried. Ur. N. A. Deshmukh, drawing attention to the scheme of liedge contract incntioned in his report as having been placed before the last Indin Cotton Association, moved a resolution urging upon the Association the ncceptance of the "Quality Staple Contract " introduced by him Explaining the need for tbis introduction, Afr. Deshmukh recalled its inception at the instance of the Board of Control appointed in 1918 to control prices. Prices had since gone down and the present position was that in spite of the Committee's cfforts at introduction and develop ment of vast arcas of stapled cotton, the tmde did not appreciate the 'importance of these new varicties. The East India Cotton Issociation had received scvcral complaints to the effect that, under the present systeni, proper hedging facilitics did not exist for improved cottons hke thosc produced by the Hubli and Gadng Co-operative Cotton Sale Sociсties and that the grouers suffered consequently. In the circumstances, the creation of a new ledge Contract for cotton of " and longer staplo was the only desirable alternative, IIc had accorlingly frammi • Yot printed. 40-411 BL Y 130-9 ·was undesirable to have many contracts, and that lone 10 a scheme called the Quality Staple Contract and placed it before the East India Cotton Association. To forestall the possibility of its going the way of the Southerns Contracts, he suggested that all cottons of %" staple which were at present tenderable under the Broach Contract should be taken out of the contract and put under the new contract. His scheme was accepted by the Hedge Contracts Committee and was now before the Board of Directors. His intention in moving the resolution was to enlist the full support of the Committee in order to facilitate its smooth passage into the bye-laws of the Association, Mian Nurullah seconded the resolution. Sardar Rao Bahadur B. R. Naik thought the new contract would be in the interest of the grower but wished to know from the trade members if the proposal was a practical one. He was told that Navsari cotton which was š" was a check on Broach Contract, but he did not mind Navsari cotton being made tenderable under the new contract, provided it did not prove a dead contract after once being created: Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta said that there has been great divergence of opinion, as to the benefit to the growers, on this question of widening or narrowing of hedge contracts. There was no unanimity of opinion even among growers themselves and immense harm could be done to the grower by widening a contract and making more growths tenderable against it, as buyers were reluctant to offer higher prices for a cotton which might be anything in a wide range of cottons tenderable against the contract. Widening of contracts would, therefore, only depress the contractis. He felt sure that Mr. Deshmukh's resolution would be carefully considered by the East India Cotton Association and that the purpose of the Committee could be served by sending them the discussion on the subiect instead of a formal resolution. Seth Sakarlal Balabhai thought that the new contract was unworkable, as stapled cotton was mostly purchased direct from cotton growing centres. Any new contract would benefit the growers only if it was traded in. Mr. Travers declared that his own firm sold only recently many thousands of bales of staple cotton at Rs. 70 “ON” Broach, which was the basis of selling stapled cotton at present. He did not think growers would benefit under the system of Hedge Contracts, except on occasions when there was no demand from consumers for staple cotton. There was not enough staple cotton to meet even the demands of the Indian mills and a hedge contract merely proved a gambling medium of protection to the trade. He had little doubt that the East India Cotton Association would protect the interest of the grower, in the event of a suitable suggestion going to them, but he did not think that contract could be so shaped as to benefit the growers. Rao Bahadur Kothare. too had his personal experience as a buyer of Verum cotton to make him think that the proposal had better wait till more staple cotton was grown in India.. Seth Isserdas Varindmal thought that as a general practice it like 289F fetched a premium of Rs. 3 to Rs. 4 per maund for quality.

·11 The Vice-President thought that the discussion was raised for the benefit of the Board and General Body the East India Cotton Association when they took up the proposal for consideration. However it was sought to give up Bronch Contract in fnvour of the one now proposed. which was outside the competence of the Committee which had no power of enforcing trading in it anywhere. In the circumstances, Mr. Deslimukh had gono a little too far and was better advised to withdraw the resolution. At the most, this resolution could be put forward if it were a unanimous opinion of growers, but the present proposal represented the version of only one side. The bulk of the task of marketing cotton through its various vicissitudes devolved on a variety of agencics other than the growers and unless these people were satisfied, the acceptance of this resolution was fraught with danger to the structure of cotton marketing in Indin. The Broach Contract was rooted in years of tradition and its relation to world cotton prices and trade conditions provided a barometer. Since 1918, the contract was progressively made to accommodate other varieties of cotton and was used more for hedging than for actual tenders. Ho fcared that as a consequence of this new contract making only staple cotton tendcrable against it, prices would be thrown out of joint and it would not be advantageous to the growers of cotton as a whole so long as the contract did not include a fnir bulk of the average Indian crop. He thought it therefore inadvisable that the Committee should be a party to a measure of this kind and urged Mr. Deshmukh to withdraw the resolution. Sardar Rao Bahadur B. R. Naik, after hearing the opinion of the trade members, urged Mr. Deshmuklı to withdraw his resolution and suggested that the discussion on the subject be sent to the Linst India Cotton Association. He declared that the success of measures of this kind depended on the co-operation of all the various agencies of the trade and in its absencc no one stood to gain. The Committee had no right to enforce a measure to which the trade was averse and unless they were able to convinco the trade that the measure was as much in their interest as in the interest of the growers, it was no use pressing further with the measure. He liowever promised support to Dr. Deshmukh in the East India Cotton Association if he agreed to drop the matter from the Committee. Mr. Deshmukh replying to criticisms maintained that the measure as formulated was intended to accommodate only cottons of ?" and above and not to prejudice the Broach Contract, and as for the brokers who were the principal party affected by it, he quoted a letter from the Bombay Cotton Brokers' Association in favour of more contracts. The Vice-President warned Mir Deshmukh against accepting the views of the Association indiscriminately and referred him to the details of the proposal in the East India Cotton Association. Mr. Deshmukh while maintaining his case agreed to withdraw the resolution in view of the differences of opinion.

·12 SUBJECT (.--Miring of Verum with ordinary Jari rotion. Mr. Ritchie, referring to the resolution proposed under Subject 9, regarding the malpractice of watering cotton, said that mixing of Verum cotton with Jari was an equally serious evil and if the extcusion of Verum cotton was to be a success, he suggested that the Government of India be requested to introrluce a permissive clause in the Cotton Ginning and Pressing Factories Act to enable local Governments to take whatever action they deemed necessary. He had consulted the Central Provinces Government, and lie was informed that the resolution of the Central Provinces Board of Agriculture was not forwarded to the Gorernment of India, as they felt that the question was a thorny onc and required gtcat care for its elucidation. He wished, therefore, that the Resolution under Subject 9 were extended to cover other malpractices as well. SUBJECT 7.-- Representation of collon interests in Karachi on the Indian Central Cotton Commillec. The President said that the Government of Bombay had suggested an alternative nomination of a representative of the Karachi Indian Merchants' Association and the Buyers' and Shippers' Chamber instead of the continuous representation of the former and had asked the opinion of the Committee. Seth Isserdas Varinimal pointed out that the Buyers' and Shippers' Chamber was represented on thc Karachi Indian Merchants' Association and that therefore it required no separate representation. Mr. Jenkins also shared this view. The President remarked that since the interests of the Buyers' and Shippers Chamber had been merged in the other three trade bodies in Karachi, 11r. Jenkins was definitely against any sort of representation to this Chamber. His resolution to accept NIr. Jenkins proposal was seconded hy Seth' Isserdas Tarindmal and carried unanimously. SUBJECT 8.--Resignation of Mr. D. T. Kapadia, Assistant Technologist, Technological Laboratory. The President suggested leaving the question of leave and Provident Fund due to Mr. Kapadia and the action to be taken on his representation to a small Sub-Committee consisting of the President, Vice-President, Rao Bahadur M. G. Deshpande and Khan Bahadur Sardar Habibullalı to be finally disposed of by the Standing Finance Sub-Committee. The Vice-President urged that the matter might be finally disposed of by the full Committee. The President had no objection to this course. A resolution proposed by the President and seconded by Sardar Rao Bahadur B. R. Naik for the appointment of a Sub-Committee with the abovementioned personnel to examine the allegations made by Mr. D. F. Kapadia and to report to the next meeting of the full Committee was carried, ·13 SUBJECT 9 -Licensing* of gins and presses The Vice President, drawing attention to the resolution passed in August 1933 regarding the licensing of gins and presses submitted to the Government of India, observed that the malpractice of watering cotton was growing as was evident from the requisition sent to the Committee by the trade in Bombay There was some difference of opinion on the question of licensing gins and presses but none on the question of stopping the evil Before moving the resolution at this full meeting he had tahen care to see that it reflected the general opinion of the whole community concerned To that end, with the Local Sub Committee's consent he had sought to enlist the assistance of the Presidents of the Millowners' Associations of Bombay and Ahmedabad, the Bombay Chamber of Commerce, the Indian Dſerchants' Chamber and the East India Cotton Association in drafting the resolution reminding the Government of India of the Committee's resolution of August 1933 and drawing the attention of the Government to the dangerous increase in the evil of watering cotton which called for immediate action in the interest of Indian cotton He pointed out that unless the resolution of August 1933 was rescinded, the Committee was supposed to stand by it and bound to draw Government's attention to it The eval, he said, starting in Berar, Central Provinces and Khandesh, was rapidly spreading Those who had opposed the resolution of August 1933 could not be supposed to be changing their attitude merely by supporting the present resolution Sardar Rao Bahadur B R Narh seconded the resolution Rao Bahadur G R Kothare though sharing their disgust at the evil was against any legislative interference and, in view of the August 1933 resolution, thought the present resolution unnecessary The Vice President stressed the need to elicit the views of the Govern ment of India and said that merely reminding the Government did not commit individual members to the Committee's views Rao Bahadur GR Kothare in reply said that the Committee should consider how legislation of the type vould affect the gins and presses He pointed out that the signatories to the requisition were themselves buyers of this cotton and could put a stop to the practice if they so willed He thought that the penalty attaching to malpractices in the ordinary course of business was enough deterrent He therefore suggested that instead of urging legislation, it would be better to consult big businessmen to devise means to discourage the evil Mr Y G Deshpande also shared Rao Bahadur Kothare's misgivings in regard to legislation and thought that the personal influence of the Vice President with the signa tories might be used to convince them of the need for ending the cul Lala Shri Ram remarking on the inadequacy of the contemplated measure said that benefits from this ev il practice would not be enduring and would harm the interests of the agriculturists through the discredited reputation of Indian cotton He urged all necessary steps on Government * Aj jiendix 1 (1 441) ·14 Rao Bahadur M. G. Deshpande agreed with the President's suggestions that the plea that cotton was watered at the bidding of merchants was too lame to bear examination. Supporting the latter part of the resolıtion, Seth Isserdas Varindmal declared that the Karachi Cotton Merchants were against licensing. Pure Punjab-American cotton failed to sell in the market unless mixed to some extent. He shared the apprehensions of other members that the practice constituted a grave danger to the reputation of Indian cotton at home and abroad. He suggested that the ginners were not entirely to blame. Sardar Rao Bahadur B. R. Naik pointed out the compromise effected in drafting the latter part of the resolution and said that in view of the obvious danger arising from the practice, it would not do to seek to fasten the blame. Foreign Governments had taken legislative action to maintain the reputation of their cotton and the grower who, it was admitted, did not water the cotton, should not be made to suffer for the sins of others. He therefore supported the resolution. NIr. Burt, speaking next, expressed surprise that a commercial representative from Karachi should be unaware of the concensus of opinion in the Karachi cotton trade in favour of licensing. He recalled the offer of one of the biggest users of staple cotton in Bombay to make a contract for years ahead for 50,000 bales of 289T per annum, if guaranteed to be unmixed and thought that Seth Isserdas Varindmal, as a 'Karachi representative, ought to place before the Committee the recommendation of the Karachi Cotton Association, for licensing gins and presses, which was carried by a majority of 10 to 2 by the Sind Cotton Committee. Mian Nurullah supporting the resolution commented on its merits and observed that the growers had no hand in the malpractice. Sardar Sampuran Singh pointed out the duties of the Committee to preserve the integrity and reputation of Indian cotton at home and abroad and recommended preventive legislative measures to ensure that their efforts bore fruit. Seth Sakarlal Balabhai also brought in fresh evidence of the insidious ways which adulteration took and said that if the Commission agents were not the actual culprits, they were abettors. He thought that legislation was necessary. The Vice-President summing up said that there seemed to be unanimous agreement on the latter part of the resolution which was the really operative part. Rao Bahadur Kothare though opposed to legislation was unable to suggest any alternative and they could not lay much store by moral pressure. In view, therefore, of the widespread feeling against the evil, he thought that to urge legislation upon Government seemed to be the only alternative. Answering Rao Bahadur Kothare's question as to who profited by the adulteration, he said that though the grower shared some of the profit, the greater effect of this short-sighted policy. was ultimately detrimental to his own interest. He was not an all-round admirer of Indian States' administration, but he had successively to point out to the efforts made by Indian States for effecting improvement in Indian cotton. He instanced the firm hand taken by Mr. Collins {the Nizam's administration to stamp out this evil with entire success.

·15 On the President putting the resolution to vote, it was unanimously carried SUBJŁCT 10 --Clean picking of cotton-Replies from Directors of Agriculture The President said that the replies received from the Directors of Agriculture showed that clcan picking of cotton did not pry the cultivator Thesc replies were only for information SUBJEC1 11 ---Cotton Barleting-Organisation of regulated cotton markets under the Bombay Cotton Marlets Act The Secretary's note* was recorded SUBJECT 12-Cultrationt of improved zarieties of cotton an the Barrage arcas of Sind--Note by Chef Agricultural Officer in Sind The President remarked that as Mr Jenkins was unable to attend due to ill health, they could proceed with the subject as the note put up by hım made the matter clear Mr Burt, referring to the resolution passed by the Special Sub- Committee set up for the purpose of finding wider markets for Indian cottons, said that the resolution drew the attention of the Government of Bombay to the urgent need of a proper cotton policy in Sind and the establishment of a compact block of 300,000 acres under long staple cotton Recalling the discussion at the Karachi meeting in February 1933 and the view of the Karachi cotton trade that Sind should grow no more than 200,000 bales of short stapled cotton, he appreciated the wisdom of the advice from the trade which was now apparent in view of the shrinking demand for short staple cotton On the other hand the demand for staple cotton had increased and the Indian mills, unable to buy their requirements at home, were importing large quantities foreign cotton The examples set by other countries like Amorica and Egypt and even Rajpipla ncarer home to maintain onc variety werc a sure guidance Giving reasons for recommending for Sund a course which the Committee had not done for the Punjab, he said that the Punjab growers had failed to maintain one pure variety of the highest quality from the very start. The problems of 1934 were quite different from those of years ago Page 5 of Mr Jenkins' note which gave figures of the respective acreage for American and Desi cottons indicated that the Thar and Parkar District already maintained a large arer under staple cotton and it would not be difficult to develop 300,000 acres of long staple cotton in a compact bloch The problem of mixing would not arisc with the block of a nature suggested by the Committee Proper legislation after that devised in Madras could prevent mischief on the part of the minority The supply of pure seed was an important question * Not printed † Appendıx II (page 53) ·16 and he had no hesitation in rccoinmeniling Mr. Jenkins' proposals for il compact block to the Coinmittee. Seth Isscrdas Varinilmal drew the attention of the Committee to the case of Samrao Taluka where Desi cotton was grown side by side with American and observed that cultivators grew varieties suited to the conditions of soil and climate. He neprecated the idea of reserving blocks of particular varictics and said that what wils unsuitable for the Punjah was equally so for Sind. llc feared that the result of following that policy would be to oust the small cultivators and favour big zamindars. Nlian Nurullah, congratulating 1Ir. Jenkins on the lucid note put before the Committee, recalled the recommendations of the Indian Cotton Committee of 1919 regarding the vast possibility of growing long-staple cotton in Sind. Mr. Jenkins' note graphically illustrated this possibility. They had the assurance of a growing demand for staple cotton and conditions in Sind were different from those of the Punjab where they were confronted with settled conditions. The proximity of the Karachi port was another advantage. Referring to Afr. Jenkins' suggestions contained in paragraph 16, he suggested the drawing up of a scheme by the Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind in collaboration with the Publicity Officer of the Committee, by rhich big farms of 4 to 10 thousand acres could be started and given to private individuals for the production and distribution of seed. He thought that private farms commanded more popular interest than Government farms and with Co-operative Banks and Loan Societies with zamindars as shareholders he felt no doubt that the proposal would be a success. Mr. Burt, in reply to a question from the Vice-President, said that the Bombay Government should be informed that the Committee fully endorsed the resolution of the Special Sub-Committee. Sardar Sampuran Singh, next speaking, pointed out that in the Punjab the holdings were small whereas in the Barrage areas they were large and owned by substantial individuals and the uniform nature of the Sind soil was more suitable for long-staple cotton. He disagreed with Mr. Jenkins' statement that Desi cotton should be assessed at an enhanced rate and suggested that in view of its lesser need and lower prices it would be an injustice. He, however, commenried the rest of Mr. Jenkins' proposals. Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta, referring to paragraph 9 of NIr. Jenkins' note in which co-operation and possible coercion of growers in the cultivation of a particular type of cotton was suggested as a means, declared that he could on no account advocate a measure which forced the hands of the cultivators to a particular variety without the option of measures against possible failures. Khan Bahadur Sardar Habibullah denied any intention on the part of the Special Sub-Committee to coerce farmers. The proposals aimed at providing facilities to growers who wanted to sow long-staple cotton. From his own experience he could maintain that long-staple cotton could be extended in many places where it is new, Propaganda and 1 6 ·17 groters inducement would help to achne e success in this direction especially in the case of Sind oliere tracts were being newly opened up He thouglt Mr Jenkins' suggestion cry valuable and if the Bombay Government adopted them and provided cert un facilities the Committee's object would be achieved Lala Shri Ram in view of fears expressed by Setlı Tsserdus Vırındmal thought that the Bomba Gorrrnment should be udsised to tal o parti cular cart of the interests of small camındars and thought that the resolution on encouragin: long strple cotton should receive the wholu herrted support of esert body Srth Isscrolas Tarumal rejoiniling said that he had notlung to say against long staple cotton as sucli but thought that the reservation of areas for particular cottons would (nicroich on the freedom of the Air Burt moving the resolution “that the Indian Central Cotton Committee endorses the resolution of the Special Sub-Committee regarding the establishment of a compact block of long-staple cotton in Sind and approves generally of the proposals of the Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind "made it clear that thc ('ommittee in formulating the proposal Ind in mind the interests of the average cotton growers Referring to Mfr Chunilal B Mehta's sugestion about the undesirability of legrelative interference with the freedom of the grouers he pointed out that VIr Jenkins had expressed his conviction of establishing a bloch of long staple cotton in Sind without any further legislatie action Neither ris thc Sub Committee committed by its resolution to any particular method It hnd called for co ordinated effort and had declared itselt in favour of legislation only 18 in cientuality The Committee la non only to endorse the resolution and Mr Jephius proposals It #15 seconded by Khan Bahadur Sardar [Inbibullah and carried unanimously SUBJECT 13 --Campaign for cricnsion seer distribution and marketin) of pure Sind American coton On the suggestion of Vr Burt that the Secretary s suggestion be adopted, the President proposed tho following resolution RESOLUTION.--"That the various suggestions of the Sind Cotton Committee be referred back to the Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind for reconsideration by the Sind Catton Committee with the object of ascertaining to what extent any of the suggestions made could be given effect to " This was seconded by Mr Burt and carried SUBJECT 14 -Half yearly Report* of the Publicity and Propaganda Officer Seth Isserdas Varındmal spole of the worh of the Publicity Officer at Karachi and Snkrand and other stations in the desert of Sind which he had frequently visited and said that in view of the good work he was doing the Publicity Officer should be made permanent Appendix II (page 66) 110 IBL Y 130-3 ·18 Rao Bahadur G. R. Kothare and Khai Bahadur Sardar Habibullah variously commented on the importance of publicity to the work carried on by the Committee and the excellent work among the agriculturists. done by the Publicity Officer. The extension of propaganda activities among the growers in the Central Provinces was also advocated. Sardar Rao Bahadur B. R. Nailc recalling the hesitation with which the department was opened declared that Mr. Mihra had since proved its usefulness and had brought home to the agriculturists of the country by his propaganda through leaflets and the press the importance of the work which the Committee was doing. He thought with others who had spoken before him that the Department and the Publicity Officer should be made permanent. The President's resolution for the adoption of the report of the Publicity and Propaganda Officer was seconded by Sardar Rao Bahadur B. R. Naik and carried unanimously. SUBJECT 15.--Report on the Fumigation of American Cotton. The President proposed the following resolution which was seconded by Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta and carried :- RESOLUTION—“ The Indian Central Cotton Committee approves of the action taken by the Standing Finance Sub-Committee in regard to the question of the reduction of the Bombay Port Trust share of fumigation charges and the revision of the pay and allowances of the fumigation staff.” The Indian Central Cotton Committee requests the Government of India to sanction a rebate of 8 annas per square bale and 5 annas per round bale on the fumigation fee paid on American cotton fumigated at square bale and round bale rates during the fiscal year 1933-34." “ The Indian Central Cotton Committee approves of the action taken by the Local Sub-Committee in recommending to the Government of India the abolition of the special fee of Rs. 10 for sample bales.” SUBJECT 16.-Provincial Cotton Committees—Proceedings of the Sind Cotton Committee. The Secretary's note* was recorded. SUBJECT 17.-Summary of Proceedings of the Local Sub-Committee. The Secretary's note* was recorded. * Not printed.

·19 SUBJECT 18 --Report of the Cotton Forecast Improvement Sub Committee In proposing the adoption of the Report of the Cotton Forecast Improvement Sub Committee, Seth Isserdas Varındmal pointed out the inaccuracies in the area and yield figures for Sind published in the last forecast and suggested that the practice followed m America with good results, might be followed in India also The President in reply said that the illiteracy of the Indian cultivators made a difference from the American case where information was collected from the cultivators Mr D N Nahta replying to Rao Bahadur G R Kothare said that the distinction in the trade classification for Indian cottons between CP Verum and Berar Verum was made because of the former 8 superiority in spinning quality due to differences in climate and soil The resolution proposed by the President and seconded by Seth Isserdas Varındmal was carried SUBJECT 19-Schemes of the Committee-Report* of the Special Meeting of Agricultural Research Sub Committee Dr Burns, referring to the Special Meeting of the Agricultural Research Sub Committee, dwelt on its usefulness and said that the labours of similar previous Sub Committees and its own previous discussions in examining and overhauling its research policy should be a guide to the Committee against spending money unnecessarily on the same trials He, however, thought that in view of the fact that the Committee examined and criticised each scheme at every stage it should make its conclusions on the results with this in mind For instance, the Surat Physiological Scheme was started in the hope of increased yield by stopping shedding of buds flowers and bolls Researches had shown, however, that shedding was a normal life process in the plant But they had also added to our knowledge as to what caused shedding and the amount of incidental loss Similar discoveries relating to nourishment of plants at suitable times in the form of a suitable manure had also enabled us to determine how best to provide nourishment to ensure mcreased yield These results, though not of immediate practical value, were important He therefore proposed suitable amendment to the statement in the report relating to the results of the schemes Mr Hutchinson seconded the resolution Mr Richards agreeing with the amendment said that the decisions tahen at the Special Meeting were not unanimous and were based on the score of the immediate cash value of the results of the schemes to the grower From the scientific aspect, the schemes have yielded important results and were calculated to save unnecessary work for other workers The Vice President in reply made it clear that the trade supported Cotton Cess in the hope of getting something tangible done within a measurable period Whatever the scientific value of results, the main expenditure of the Committee must be on such work as would bear fruit within a reasonable time Khan Bahadur Sardar Habrbullah also shared the views of the Vice President Appendix IT (rage 73) ·20 and remarked that the general public including the growers and the trade were looking to the material results of the schemes. From the practical point of view very few schemes could be said to have given good results and, Indore apart, the Committee was not designed as a scientific body but was more interested in productive results to the agriculturists. He therefore thought that a radical change in the system of granting schemes was called for. The Vice-President did not, however, agree with the speaker in regarding the results as altogether disappointing. The Committee had built up a good record during the last 13 years and though the practical results of its schemes had fallen short of expectations experience will guide in the direction of more practical undertaking than has hitherto been the case. If members wanted more time to study the report the subject could be placed on the agenda of the next meeting. He also invited suggestions and criticisms from members. Replying to Mr. Richards' suggestions he also agreed to circulating a resumé of the discussion along lines suggested by Mr. Richards. The President informed Khan Bahadur Sardar Habibullah that the minutes of the Special Meeting of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee had been placed before the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee at its last meeting but objection was raised to its circulation, on the ground that the Vice- President at the Special Meeting had suggested that no record of formal minutes need be kept. Though the suggestion has not been endorsed by the President he agreed that the Vice-President's remarks might have conveyed the impression that no formal minutes would be recorded. The matter on being put to vote was carried accordingly. He also said that the amendment proposed would be placed before the next meeting of the Indian Central Cotton Committee and Mr. Richards' request, as inodified by the Vice-President, would be acceded to. Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta supported the postponement. The Vice-President said that the full Committee had only to receive and adopt the report under consideration, subject to such fundamental amendments as the Committee might make. He was anxious that members should have sufficient time to consider the report and accordingly suggested further discussion of the subject. The President then proposed to take the several items one after another and began with Dr. Burns' amendment which was carried. Item Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4 were likewise accepted. When item No.5 came up for acceptance with a suggestion from Dr. Burns that the Physiological Scheme also be included in it, Mr. Burt explained that Dr. McRae had visited Dharwar and Nagpur and after scrutinizing the mycological and entomological schemes in progress had given his opinions. The Sub- Committee had probably in mind that these schemes could be better dealt with by Universities than by Agricultural Departments. He therefore wished that the item 5 might express this idea more clearly. Following Mr. Richards' views that "scrutiny” meant careful examination of monetary value, Mr. Burt suggested the addition of " from the economic aspect” after the word scrutinized”. Mr. B. S. Patel suggested occasional visits by experts to the schemes to lay down better plans at the end of every 2 or 3 years. Dr. Burns proposed the deletion of item 5 altogether. Mr. Yegna Narayana Iyer thought that the theoretical aspect ·21 of some problems might be left to Universities while the Agricultural Departments look to the practical parts The Special Meeting had considered that the schemes when they were sanctioned were not scrutinized sufficiently This accounted for making greater scrutiny a condition for sanctioning new schemes in the future Air Burt thought that the Universities would yield good results and proposed for the second part a resolution regarding the competence of certain Indian Universities and their constituent colleges and the desirability of encouraging them to take up such problems on cotton cultivation as are adapted to their organization and equipment Mr Richards thought that the report had better stand as it was and the Committee could make its own decisions separately, and replying to Mr Burt who suggested amendment of the report itself said he only wanted to emphasise the economic aspect of the schemes Mr Chunilal B Mehta recalling the discussion at the Special Meeting suid that a particular scheme had merely duplicated labour as similar results had been obtained from another scheme Careful scrutiny would have avoided this error Mr D N Mahta pointed out that item 5 was agreed to by the Special Meeting because the schemes sanctioned were found to have brought no results of immediate money value That, however, did not mean the scheme was a failure though from the immediate economic aspect it apparently was President's proposal to delete item 5 was lost The amendments were accordingly moved and the following decisions were arrived at No 1--All entomological, mycological and physiological schemes slıould be scrutinized more thoroughly from the economic point of The View No 2 --Certáin Indıın Universities and their constituent colleges are now better equipped than formerly for research work in these branches in science and should be encouraged to take up problems bearing on cotton cultivation as are adapted to their organization and equipment Item No 6 was carried is also the Sub Committee's findings on “B” seed custribution and extension The Publicity Department was to continue at the expiry of its sanctioned period which was approved Referring to Mr Roberts' two charges against the Committee that the Hyderabad Stute was treated very kindly and that the Standing Finance Sub Committee mismanaged its funds, the President suid that the verdict of the Agricultural Research Sub- Committee on these points had to be endorsed by the full Committee. The verdict was unanimously endorsed SUBJLCI 20--Institute of Plant Industry, Indore-Future policy Referring to bus discussion with the Agent to the Govei nor General in Central Indır and the Prime Minister, Indore State, in accordance with the wishes of the Committee, the President said that they were not prepared to concede more than six seats to the Committee, as against the demand of the Committee for seven The Vice President, recalling the last discussion on the subject, suid that the Director's residence to which the Committee was opposed was now a 'fait accompli.' The Indore ·22 Institutc which owed its existence and maintenance to the substantial grants of the Committee had brought po very encouraging results. As against the total grant of Rs. 3 lakhs made by the States, the Committee had given no less than 13 lakhs. Dr. Keen's report ſurnished convincing evidence of the fact that the Committee's money had not been made the best use of. He would therefore advocate the adoption of such precautionary measures as would prevent repetition of the past. The fiveyear period for which the Committee had sanctioned its support would terminate with the current financial year, and it was open to the Committee to state the terms on which it was further prepared to make its contributions. Dr. Keen had doubted the possibilities of the Institute as a Central Research Body, but he (Sir Purshotamdas Thakurdas) was willing to risk a little after all that has already been spent on it, to give Mr. Hutchinson the chance he had asked for. He therefore moved a resolution for an annual grant of Rs. 85,000 for research on cotton subject to the approval of the Comunittee, and another demanding representation in proportion to the contributions received in the preceding year from the Committee, and a third demanding that the accounts of the Institute be audited by the Government Auditor, as long as the Institute received grants from the Committee. In explaining these resolutions, the Vice- President pointed out that the Committee's grants had been found to be more than current requirements and in order to preclude the possibility of the Committee's funds being wasted, he suggested this reduction. The President's demand regarding weightage was extremely reasonable. He did not wish to fix the representation for all time, his alternative was for proportional representation. His resolution in favour of having the accounts of the Institute audited by the Auditor-General meant only a reversion to what had been in vogue in the early years of the Institute. His reason was in the interest of the tax-payer who paid for the Government Audit Department. He was prompted in this by certain information he had on hand which he hoped he would not be compelled to divulge and if the Auditor-General could not arrange for the audit, it was his conviction that the Committee should stop its grants to the Institute. In reply to Mr. Richards, he said that the basis of his estimate in arriving at the figure of Rs. 85,000 was a general consideration of the actual recurring expenditure of the Institute, in the light of the work done. There was, however, nothing to prevent the Institute from obtaining supplementary grants when exigencies justified. He did not expect any inconvenience from the effect of reduction in the grants. Mr. Hutchinson, drawing attention to the enlarged research programme, said that the only course open would be to cut down the pay of the staff. The Vice- President in reply pointed out that specific proposals for supplementary grants would be looked into on their individual merits. Considering the statement of the Committee at the last meeting, the present grant, Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta thought, was generous. Musahib-z-Khas Bahadur Kanungo congratulated the President on evolving a working formula for continuing the co-operation between the Committee and the Institute, but he thought the general feeling of dissatisfaction with the work of the Institute was not justified. He shared the Committee's feeling that ·23 tangible scientulic results should hue been better appreciated, but he thought the proposed measure was too drastic He therefore suggested that these might be forwarded to the Governing Body as suggestions and that the final decision be tahen on receipt of the views of the various States 11r Burt thought the figure of Rs 85,000 too low in view of the enlarged programme which the Committee had accepted as satisfactory He feared that the sudden cut in the grant might hamper research work In vien, however, of the Vice President's willingness to consider the granting of supplementary grants, he proposed the raising of the figure to Rs 1,00,000 The proposal that representation on the Governing Body should be according to contributions, he thought, was a sound one Mr Richards declared that the effect of the reduction would be crippling the work of the Institute and to dispense with a third of its staff was the only course open He suggested the continuation of the present arrange ment till the end of 1935 36 when the question of future grants might then be considered in the light of the actual expenditure in that year and results achieved under the new programme Bir Mahta suggested that grants might be made on condition that unspent balances in any year should be surrendered to the Committee Dr Burns shared Mr Burt's fears regarding the effect of the reduction on the Institute's work and recommended a higher figure The Vice President replying to the debate assured Musahib 1 Khas Bahadur Kanungo that he had only the best way of serving the Institute in view Replying to objections to his figure, he said that he had no definite basis for his figures and his only object was to keep the Committee in close touch with the affairs of the Institute, than was the case hitherto His resolution was no bar to supplementary grants and he luid stress that the Committee retained the power on its purse He had no objection to add to the resolution a sentence expressing the Committee's readiness to consider supplemen tary grants In view of the general agreement ou parts 2 and 3 the Vice-President said he would put them to vote as items 1 and 2 Mr. Hutchinson had no objection to the accounts of the Institute being audited by the Auditor General The Vice-President had no objection to certain minor amendments suggested by Mr Burt in paragraph 2 of the resolution and the President moved a resolution with Mr Burt's amendments as a substantive proposition RESOLUTION _"This Committee resolves that the Governing Body of the Institute of Plant Industry, Indore, be informed (1) that the representation of the Indian Central Cotton Committee on the Governing Body each year should be in proportion to the contributions received in the preceding year from the Indian Central Cotton Committee and the States taking an interest in the Institute, (2) that the accounts of the Institute should be audited by the Auditor General as long as contributions from the Indian Central Cotton Committee continue, (3) that the Indian Central Cotton Committee will contribute to the Institute for a period of three years from 1935-36 a minimum sum of Rs. 85,000 per year for purposes of research work in cotton the ·24 . > programme for such work for each year to be approved by the Indian Central Cotion Committee. The Committee will also be prepared to consider applications for supplementary grants for cotton research on the approved programme, if necessary. Mr. Y. G. Deshpande expressed disagreement with the idea of incorporating in the resolution any promise of further grants but on the President's pointing out that Mr. Burt's amendment was the substantive proposition before the house and on the Vice-President explaining his reason for accepting the amendment, Mr. Deshpande withdrew his objection. The resolution as moved by the Vice-President, was put to vote and carried unanimously. SUBJECT 21.--Meeting of the Indian Central Collon Committee al Indore. In view of the fact that the Committee's resolution of July 1928 was inconvenient and impracticable, the President moved the following resolution :- RESOLUTION—“That the Resolution of the Committee passed at its meeting in July 1928 requiring a cold weather meeting to be held at Indore once in three years be rescinded. Meetings will be held at Indore as and when the Committee considers it desirable to do so." This was seconded by Sardar Rao Bahadur Bhimbhai R. Naik and carried unanimously. Thereafter Sardar Sampuran Singh invited the Committee to hold its next meeting at Lyallpur. Mian Nurullah and Rao Bahadur M.G. Deshpande supported the invitation, but the President thought that meetings outside Bombay caused a good deal of trouble in the past. However the proposal was carried, Mr. Ritchie and Dr. Burns dissenting SUBJECT 22.--Madras Pempheres and Physiological Research Scheme Reference from Special Meeting of Agricultural Research Sub-Committee. Mr. Ramamurty, with a view to enable the Committee to see the subject in its true perspective reviewed the history of the scheme, from its inception by the Madras Government since 1925. As they failed to secure a suitable Physiologist and a Biochemist from abroad, two officers of the Madras Agricultural Department were, with the approval of the Committee, selected for these posts and sent to England for training. The Bio-Chemist returned from England a year ago. The scheme was reviewed in August 1933, when an extension of the scheme for 5 years was recommended by the Sectional Sub-Committee presided over by Mr. Burt. This obtained the sanction of the Government of India which was in due course conveyed to the Madras Government. Mr. Ramanathan's suggestion for transferring the work of physiology at Indore had obviously given rise to some misunderstanding, which led Mr. Burt to suggest the discontinuance of the scheme for the first time in June last. Despite Mr. Ramanathan's protest about misinterpretation of his merely general comment on the desirability of fundamental ·25 work on cotton physiology being tahen up at Indore and Mr Hutchinson's support that physiological work on Cambodia cotton could not be undertaken at the Indore Institute, Mr Burt still found it necessary to suggest in his note to the Special Meeting of the Agricultural Research Sub Committee that the other part of the scheme riz, the bio chemical basis of Pempheres resistance should continue at Coimbatore, but he was prepared to drop that part of the scheme which was mainly a Madras problem, especially in view of the fact that the senior officers who would have guided the work were not now available Mr Ramamurly however assured the Committee that there was no question of dropping the scheme nor was the Madras Government finding any difficulty in carrying out the work at Coimbatore To cast an aspersion on the competence of the trained junior officers now employed on the scheme or on the Cotton Specialist whose work had been appreciated by three successive Directors of Agriculture was a belated attempt Mr Rama nathan had already satisfactorily answered all the questions raised at the meeting The Committee had a moral obligation to see the scheme through after 8 years of consideration and to drop it now would indicate that the Committec did not hnow their own minds--a fact which would lose them the confidence of Provincial Agricultural Departments and Local Governments, without whose help the Committee could not hope to function successfully The issue now before them was not to drop the scheme, because the results so far obtained were unsatisfactory, but how the programme could be modified to achieve the objective in view Mr. Burt at the outset made it clear that the seniol officers he referred to were Dr Norris, Rao Bahadur Vishwanath and Mr Hilson who were not now in Madras He fully appreciated the work of Mr Ramanathan but strongly criticised the newly appointed Bio chemist The Agricultural Research Sub Committee recommended the discontinuance of the bio chemical research on purely technical grounds that the results did not seem to justify further work As the Cotton Specialist had now reported that certain strains of Cambodia were not more tolerant to Pempheres, it would be sheer folly to waste more money on it The Committee could not be expected to tell their limited resources to the utmost limit, irrespective of results obtained, as that would be a very heavy price to pay for thc co operation of the Provincial Agricultural Departments The Special Meeting of the Agricultural Research Sub Committee? fearlessly reported on the merits of each scheme and he was of th that physiological work of definite practical application cr* Mr Richards said that at the special and +2 the Agricultural Research Sub Committee, genera' of discontinuing the scheme As an Ento scheme would produce no results of cultivator In reply to Mr Ram not been criticised previously bet such schemes without careful con.. that time was rolling in money 1 the scheme, if like the Surat Physi investigate matters of purely academic MO I BK Y 130—4 at once ·26 that the subject should be gone through by a Sub-Comunittcc composed of Messrs. S. V. Ramamurty, V. Ramanatha Ayyer, J. B. Hutchinson and B. C. Burt wlose report should be referred to the next meeting of the Committee was agreed to. V SUBJECT 23. --Technological Rescarch--- Progress Reportit of the Director, ?'cchnological Laboratory. This report which covers the period from November 1933 to May 1934 presents an account of the work done in the Laboratory during those seven months and shows that the Laboratory has once again maintained a high level standard of work donc. Compared with the corresponding period of the last year, tlic total number of samples received at the Laboratory during the period under review showed a decline of 113 samples, the bulk of which were agricultural samples. The Presiilcnt proposed the following resolution :--- RESOLUTION_“That the progress report of the Director, Technological Laboratory, be approved." This was seconded by Mr. Burt and carriel. SUBJECT 24.--Technological Research- Report of the Rechnological Research Sub-Commillce. The report of thic Technological Research Sub-Committee approving of the progress report of the Director of the Laboratory and also a grant of Rs. 30,000 for obtaining a report from a Chemical Engineer in Europe or America through the High Commissioner for India on the prospects of the conversion of short staple cotton into suitable fibres was adopted. SUBJECT 25.--Agricultural Rescarch--Gencral Progress Report. The Secretary's note on the present position of agricultural research and seed distribution schemes was recorded. SUBJECT 26.--Progress Report on Surat Boll-worm Clean-up Schemc. The report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee suggesting an approach to the Government of Bombay to provide cither a considerable sum of money for propaganda or for suitable administrative action in order to secure the continuance of the successful control measures under the scheme or to introduce legislation making the adoption of them compulsory was adopted. > SUBJECT 27.-Progress Report on Broach Cotton Breeding Scheme. The report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee noting with approval the efforts that are being made to combine by hybridization the high ginning qualities of Goghari and a Viramgam strain with the other required qualities of the Broach desi strain, B. 18, was adopted. * Appendix V (page 76).

·27 SUBJECT 28 -Progress Report on Jalgaon Cotton Breeding Scheme The report of the Agricultural Research Sub Committee stating that three promising strains of Neglcctum have been selected for rigid yield trials during the next season was adopted SUBJECT 29 --Progress Report on the Scheme for Suricy of Small Leaf Disease in Cotton, Bombay Presidency The report of the Agricultural Research Sub Committee stating that the discase is of widespread occurrence and affects all other cottons cicept rrotics and that its causc is not any parasitic organisin 135 alopted Sulurcr 30 --Progress Report on Sind Physiological Rescarch Scheme The report of the Agricultural Research Sub Committce stating that Item 3 (6) is not a very promising line of work, since red kaf is due to a viriety of causes and suggesting consultation with the Plıysiologist of the Punjab before taking up this item is adopted SUBJECT 31 -Progress Report on Madras Ucrbaccum Scheme The report of the Agricultural Research Sub Committee that the Secretary and Nir Hutchinson should be asked to visit Conabatore and mahe recommendations regarding the futurc of the scheme, since thic scheme is only sanctioned until Nay 1935, and the hybrid material has reached only T-1 generations was adopted dr Ilutchinson explainel that the Secretary and himself had been asked to visit Co.mlıtore not because there was any fault to be found with the scheme brut because thu scheme was to terminate shortly and future programme ind to be decalel on Alr Ramamurly welcomed their visit SUDJECT 32 --Progress Report on Nadras l'odder Cholam Scheme. The report of the Agricultural Research Sub Committee concluding that the ill effects of cholam on the succeeding cotton crop are not dcpendent upon the qunlity of stubbles left in the soil, nor due to its lervy crop of fodder, and that nismuring hastins car production which is not desirible, was adopted SunsF( 33 --Progress Report on Madras Pempleres and Physiological Rescarch Schicine Mr Rumamurly remarhed tlıt cien though he could answer the criticism of the Agriculturl Rescarcli Sub Committee, lic agree that they might be referred to the Special Sub Committre, wluch w 14 decided upon. SUNJC1 31 ---Progress Report on Jadras Nadam Cotton Brealıng Scheme The suggestion of the Agricultural Rescarch Sub Committee that Mr Jlutchinson and the Secretary should visit the scheme and discuss plans with dir Ramanathan when visiting the lIerlucu un sileme 399 accepted and it 113 deculel to await tlieir report.

·28 SUBJECT 35.-Progress Report on the Punjab Botanical Rescarch Scheme. The report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee noting with satisfaction the evolution of 3 useful strains of American cotton, one of which N.T. 36-F is of unusual promise, and selection of 5 more new strains of American and one of desi cotton for experiments during the year under review was adopted. SUBJECT 36.--Progress Report on the Punjab Pink and Spotted Boll-worm Scheme, The report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee was adopted. SUBJECT 37.-Progress Report on the Punjab Collon While Fly Scheme. The report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee suggesting that items 1 (1), 1 (3), (iv), (v), (ix), (2), (xi) and (xiii) of the programme of work for 1934-35 should be.omitted since either they were academic or impracticable and outside the scheme and that in item 1 (2) it would be better to determine the effect of differential irrigation on infestation and yield of cotton was adopted. SUBJECT 38.--Progress Report on the Punjab Spraying Trials Scheme. The report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee noting the non-mention of the actual yields in sprayed and unsprayed plots and emphasising the need for full details of the individual yields in the next report in order that their statistical significance may be considered was adopted. SUBJECT 39.-Progress Report on the Punjab Root Rot Scheme. The report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee suggesting that in view of the fact that the scheme has only one year more to run, items 8 to 12 of the programme of work may be omitted and that instead the results so far obtained be confirmed and attention concentrated on determining whether any soil treatment reduces Rhizoctonia attack and whether Rhizoctonia-resistant strains of cotton exist since 2 species of the Rhizoctonia are regarded as primarily responsible for the disease, was adopted. SUBJECT 40.--Progress Report on the Punjab Defibrating and Delinting Scheme. The report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee saying that the machines have only been recently received and the work done is of no special value was adopted. SUBJECT 41.-Progress Report on the Central Provinces Botanical Scheme., The report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee was adopted.

·29 SUBJECT 42--Final Report on the United Provinces Entomological Research Scheme In reply to Mr Ramamurty's enquiry as to whether the report lad been completed and when it might be expected, Mr Richards said that the material for the report was ready and he hoped to be able to submit it by the next meeting Material facts were contained in the reports submitted to the Committee from the start to the termination of the scheme and it now remained to write up the results for publication To a further enquiry as to whether the materials referred to were those submitted by him before 1931 when the scheme was extended, Mr Richards explamed that the writing up consisted of assembling and selecting the vast amount of data collected The final extension of Mr Nangpal's term had been to assist in assembling and arranging the data The President enquired if Mr Richards was satisfied that Mr Nangpıl had used the extended period usefully in helping him to write up the report Mr Richards explained that the first year of Mr Nangpil's extension was almost exclusively devoted to clearing up points in the bionomics of the boll worm and the second was spent pirtly on this work and partly on assembling the data collected during the investigation He certainly was of the opinion that Mr Nangpal hrd profitably spent his time He hoped to find time on the return of the Director of Agriculture from leave and get on with the work of writing up the report Mr Ramamurty asked if Mr Richards could give an approximate date for the submission of the report Mr Richards questioned as to whether it was proper for members of the Committee to expect a Government servant who was supervising a Committee scheme, in addition to his own worh, to give a fixed date He nevertheless hoped to find time and get the work witten up during the next cold weather The President then raised the question of general principles whether the Committee was entitled to a final report or not While the Committee ought not to depend upon the goodwill of a Government servant for a final report, it ought not to pretend to get out of Mr Richards what he was not bound to give Two years were a fairly long time to get the report ready but if the report was a matter of courtesy the matter had better be dropped Mr Burt said that hitherto the Committee stipulated that everyone accepting a grant should furnish annual progress reports but when the last report came in the Committee invariably considered the best method of publishing the entire scientific and technical results, just as the Committee had lately considered the desirability of publishing the Surat Physiological Scheme as a monograph In the case of the United Provinces Pink Boll worm Scheme the Committee had already received annual reports containing material facts Mr Nangpal during the first year of extension had completed a minor portion of the scientific work and his subsequent period was utilized for assembling scientific data for preparation of the report The President remarked that in that case the Committee stood to gain nothing by having extended Mr Nangpal's services, to which Dir Richards replied that he would be happier if the Committee could advise the United Provinces Government to put him on special duty, like the officers engaged on Surat and Dharwar Schemes, ·30 to write up the report. Lala Shri Ram was of the opinion that iſ the Committee had no right to ask for the report it had better not spend more money for the further extension of the scheme. Mr. N. M. Deshmukh contended that even if ordinarily the Committee had no right to a final report it had a right in this case as the scheme had been extended for the specific purpose. He wondered what the Publicity Officer was going to do in the United Provinces if the collected data was not available in the form of a final report. Dr. Burns said that in the case of the Surat Physiological Scheme and the Dharwar Wilt Scheme the Committee had willingly sanctioned time and money for writing up in their reports by the officers in charge of the respective schemes. For a body with international reputation like the Indian Central Cotton Committee it was essential that its research work should be put together in a final form, properly documented and published so that for all time it might remain a work of reference in other parts of the world. In the case of the two Bombay Schemes referred to above, actual research workers had been entrusted with the work of writing up the results and given special extensions to write them up. The Committee, to his mind, had the right to call for the report, and he pleaded that more time might be allowed to enable Mr. Richards to write up the report. The President observed that the Secretary should in future, while conimunicating to the local Governments the Committee's sanction to schemes, stipulate not only for annual reports but for full reports. At present it was not clear whether the Committee was exacting final reports with legal rights or the local Governiments were fulfilling their obligations. In this case the Committee had a right to ask for the report, and he requested Mr. Richards to submit the report before the next meeting. Mír. Richards conceded that the Committee had the right to expect the work to which it had contributed and he was himself very anxious that scientific results obtained by him should be circulated. It was agreed that Mr. Richards should submit his report before the next meeting. Mr. Burt suggested that in future the Committee should see that a final report was submitted within a few months after the completion of a scheme and that all the scientific data obtained during the whole term of the scheme for publication in a suitable manner was secured. This was agreed to. SUBJECT 43.--Progress Report on the scheme for survey of cottons in Rohilkhand and Bundelkhand, United Provinces. The report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee on the Progress Report showing the discovery of a particular type of new plant having the external characters of G. neglectum roseum with better fibre length throughout the area surveyed and suggesting examination for its purity was adopted. SUBJECT 44.-_Annual Report of the Institute of Plant Industry, Indore. The report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee adopted. Was ·31 SUBJECT 45 --Progress Report on Hyderabad Botanical Research Scheme The report of the Agricultural Rescarch Sub Committee suggesting that itom 2 in the programme of the scheme should be decided on in consultation with Rai Salob Kalidas Sawhney on his return, since the work would be too much and would necessitate curtailment of programme in other aspects, was adopted SUBJECT 16 --Progress Report on II yılcı abad link and Spolled Boll uorm Scheme The report of the Agricultural Rescarch Sub Comnutteo on the progress roport on this scheme which shoned that Pinh Boll worm was a serious pest of cotton in Hyderabrd State, and that critical mformation regarding this could bo obtained only by a fully trained and oxperienced Intomologist in two years, who should carry out his work under black soil conditions, was adopted SUBJLCT 17 - Progress Report on Hyderabad Cotton Survey Scheme The report of the Agucultural Rescarch Sub Committee adopted was SUBJECT 16 --Progress Report on Bikaner Gang Canıl Schenc The report of the Agricultural Research Sub Committec on the Progress Roport showing that of all cottons so far tested Mollisoni is best suited to the agricultural conditions of Ganganagar was adopted SUBJECT 49 --Progress Report on Baroda Root Rot Scheme The report of the Agricultural Research Sub Committee cousidering a species of Rhizoctonia as the main cause of the disease and noting the selection of plants less susceptible to disease was adopted SUBJECT 50 --Progress Report on Burma Cotton Improuement Scheme The report of tho Agricultural Research Sub Committee recommending that the scheme should be continued to its sanctioned period but no catension would be given to it was adopted SUBJECT 51 - Seed Distnbution and Extension Schemes-Progress Report on Hubli Scheme The report of the Agricultural Research Sub Committee adopted was SUBJECT 52 - Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes-Progress Report on Gadag (Extension) and Gadag (Supplementary) Schemes The report of the Agricultural Research Sub Committee adopted vas ·SUBJECT 53.-Sccd Distribulion and Erleusion Schemes ... Progress Report on Surat Scheme, The report of the agricultural Research Sub-Committee was adoptel. SUBJECT 51.-Scco Distribution and Extension Schemes Progress Report on Khandesh (Banilla) Scheme. The suggestion of the Agricultural Rescarch Sub-committee this, die spinning tests in Banilla should be supplied along with the progress report, was adoptel. SUBJECT 55. Secil Distribution and lrtension Schemes --Progress Report on thani Scheme. The Report of the gricultural Research Sub-Committine was adopted. SUBJECT 56.- Serul Distribution and Estension Schemes- Prompress Report on Sinud Schema The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee suggesting the desirability of making attempts at als carly a date as possible to fix zones for the different cottons to be recommended, and recommending the continuation of the propaganda scheme, was adopter. SUBJECT 57.Sed Distribution Distribution and and Drionsion Schemcs-Maurus (Tiruppur) and Co. 3 Schemes. The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee recommending that these progress reports should he as concise as possible consistent with clearness and admitting the satisfactory working of the scheme was doptecl. The attention of the Committee being drawn by Dr. Ramamurly 10 the fact that the Tiruppur Co-operative Society worked so successfully that it did not ask for the subsidy granted by the Committee, the President congratulated its leader, Mr. Ramaswami Gownder, ou his ability to conduct the affairs of the Society, !o successfully. SUBJECT 58.-Seel Distribution and Extension Schemes--Progress Report on Hi Scheme. The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee recomiending its closure and starting of a fresh scheme only if it overcomes all the difficulties encountered in the past was adopted. Mr. Ramamurty informed the Committee that in anticipation of its sanction he had already closed the Hl scheme and hoped to place a fresh scheme next year.

·33 1 SUBJECT 19.--Sced Distribution and Extension Schemes-Progress Report on the Central Provinces (Verum) Scheme. The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee approving of the very satisfactory progress made by <1...1 that it should be combined with the new as suggested by the Director of Agriculture, was adopted. SUBJECT 60.--Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes--Progress Report on Hyderabad Scheme, The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee approving of the proposal of the Hyderabad Agricultural Department to organize their own local sced production to obviate the necessity of importing large amounts of seed was adopted. SUBJECT 61.-Secd Distribution and Extension Schemes-Statement of costs for cotton ginned at the Lyallpur Ginnery. The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee, noting the total cost of ginning one maund of cotton as Re. 0-2-9 for saw gin and Ro. 0-7-10 for roller gin, was adopted. SUBJECT 62.-Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes--Progress Report on Baroda Scheme, The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee suggesting that a larger area than that proposed in the scheme should be controlled since Baroda has ncarly two lakhs of acres under cotton was adopted. SUBJECT 63.-Proposed New Agricultural Research Schemes-Scheme for inuestigation into Root Rot of Cotton in Gujerat, The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committec suggesting the undesirability to start another scheme when schemes on the same subject are already in progress in the Punjab and Baroda State was adopted. SUBJECT 64. Proposed New Agricultural Research Schemes---Scheme for study of " Lang" Caterpillar pest in Gujerat. The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee saying that this is not a cotton problem and therefore not suitable for a grant from the Indian Central Cotton Committee was adopted. SUBJECT 65.--Proposed New Agricultural Research Schemes --Scheme for survey of Goghari cotton in Gujerat. The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee recommending its sanction for five years at an estimated cost of Rs. 5,000, since the scheme is a necessary corollary of the Committee's policy to grow only 1027 A.L.F. south of Nerbudda, was adopted. MIT BLY 130.5 ·34 SUBJECT 66.--Proposed New Agricultural Research Schemes_Scheme for survey of Goghari cotton in Baroda State. The recommendation of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee to sanction this scheme for five years at an estimated cost of Rs. 5,000 was adopted. SUBJECT 67.--Proposed New Agricultural Rescarch Schemes_Scheme for Collon Jassidl Investigation in the Punjab. The Director of Agriculture, Punjab, agreeing with the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee that for the present this scheme can be carried on by the existing entomological staff at Lyallpur, the scheme was, withdrawn. CC SUBJECT 68.--Proposed New Agricultural Rescarch Schemes--Scheme for investigation into “Red Leaf” discase of Doddahathi (American) collon in Mysore. Pointing out the possibility of considerable increase in the area under Dharwar-American cotton in the Mysore State in the event of Red Leaf" being brought under control, Mr. Yegna Narayana Iyer pleaded for a grant of Rs. 10,000 per annum for 5 years, to enable the Mysore State to carry on the work. The Slate had been co-operating with the Committee from the very inception of the Committee and commanded all facilities of equipment and staff, for central research of the disease. The President in reply drew attention to the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee's Report which had recommended postponement of the scheme and assured the previous speaker that there was no question of a slur on the Mysore Agricultural Department. Mr. Burt pointed out that as stated in paragraph 2 of the note on the subject, it was only on technical grounds that the scheme was left over till the next meeting, with a view to enable scattered information being collected in the meanwhile. The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee was adopted. SUBJECT 69.-Proposed New Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes--- Tagad Seed Distribution and Extension Scheme. The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee suggesting that Mr. Patel be asked to put up a modified scheme to cover the initial stages of testing and distribution and recommending to the Committee for giving help in this scheme was adopted. SUBJECT 70.--Report* of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee. The President proposed the following resolution :- RESOLUTION—“That the report of “That the report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee be adopted." This was seconded by Sardar Rao Bahadur B. R. Naik and carried. Appendix VI (page 84).

·30 SUBJECT 71.- Report of the Standing Finance Sul Committic (a) Balance Sheet as al Varch 31st, 1931, (0) Final dccounts, 1933-31, (c) Reusal Estimates, 1931-35 (1) Bulget for 1937-36 (Ciovernment serian/s). Rao Bahadur J. G. Deshpande drew nitention to the large number of nou schones sanctioned at this mceting and suggested that the Standing Finance Sub Committee should provide money foi thiese schemes only in order of priority to be dcuided upon by that Sub Committec, otherwise the reserves of the Committee would soon be depleted The President suggested that the dmwing up of the priority list be left to the Standing Finance Sub-Committee, vluch was ngroci to. Scth Isscrdas l'arındmal suggested the formation of small Provincial Sub Committees to superviso tho provincial schemes, to wluch view Mr. Burt replied that this point had already licin consulcro. The Committee had made a recommendation to all local Governmenim that members of the Indian Central Cotton Committ-e slıould also be made members of the Provincial Cotton Committees and this recommendation was given clicct to in all provinces. Thic Committee's object would be well scried if Provincial Cotton Committees would take an active interest in research as well as trade inatters The Sind Cotton Committee was a very Inc one and he felt sure Nſr Jenkins will give it all liberty to discuss the Sind research schemes Mran Nurullah regretted the lack of control over the Commuttco's budget instancing the way in which money had be allowed to accumulate at Indore for several ycars for no obvious purpose Ife suggested that the budgets and the balance slicets should be presented in an intelligible and moro straightforward manner and saw no necessity for providing for oxpenditure which was not being incurred, as for crample, tho Deputy Secretary's post which should be filled Sardar Sampuran Singh sard that the Committee had better lcasc research workers to do their worh peacefully without tho supervis103 of a Sub Committee of laymen Är. Y. G. Deshpanıc suggested that the Directors of Agriculture might tahe in their confidence members of their Provincial Cotton Committees when a scheme was to be sanctioned, as it was essential that local members should bo satisfied on the benefits to the province of a particular scheme before it was submitted to the Indian Central Cotton Committee. He suggested that the Prɔvincial Cotton Committee of the Central Provinces might meet more frequently to discuss every new schemo and offer advice. Mr. Chunilal B. Nichta vas of the opinion that local committees would bo beneficial in that their members would bring to the notico of Directors of Agriculture what the general public, trade and the agriculturist thought about a particular proposal He was in favour of more time being allowed to the consideration of this subject so that it might be brought before the next meeting. Nr. Nahta, as Secretary of the Central Provinces Provincial Cotton Committee said that the numbers of Appendıx VII (page 96) ·36 meetings depended entirely on the number of suitable subjects to be discussed. If 10 suggestion was received and the Department had no important items on the agenda, no meeting was held. Referring to a remark made by a member that they might inspect and report on the work done in the provinces, he would like to enquire how often did Mr. Deshpande take the trouble of paying a visit to the Research Laboratory and the Farm when he came to Nagpur. Dr. Burns thought there were already sufficient Committees. The Indian Central Cotton Committee amply fulfilled the object Seth Isserdas Varindmal had in view. The disagreement which the Committee had over a phrase in the findings of the Special Meeting of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee under Subject 19 demonstrated how the different interests even on the Indian Central Cotton Committee could differ. The Committee provided a common platform for the co-ordination of different interests and any further division would lead to narrow provincialism. The President suggested that the first proposal of the appointment of Provincial Committees to supervise schemes might be referred to the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee for report and the second one pertaining to the presenting of the budget be referred to the Standing Finance Sub-Committee for report. Seth Isserdas Parindmal said that the Sind Cotton Committee had full confidence in Mr. Jenkins. He only wished to point out that the Committee which controlled the purse could have its voice heard more effectively than the Sind Cotton Committee. Sardar Rao Bahadur B. R. Naik thought that the representatives of the trade and growers should know what was going on in their respective districts and although he knew that no local Government would allow another body to supervise the work of their agricultural department, yet members should have the privilege of acquainting themselves with the work done in their respective areas, just as members of Legislative Councils were entitled to local information, so that they may pass it on to the agriculturist of the locality. Mr. Y. G. Deshpande took exception to the remarks of Mr. Mahta and said that members could only be expected to give their views when called upon to do so and not suggest subjects, to which Mr. Mahta replied that every opportunity was given at the Provincial Cotton Committee's meetings to discuss the schemes in progress and and every scheme was put before the Provincial Cotton Committee which met at least once a year. The following resolution was proposed by the President, seconded by Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta and carried unanimously RESOLUTION——“That the Report of the Standing Finance Sub- Committee be adopted.” That the Revised Estimates for 1934-35, as now amended, be approved." That the Budget for the pay of Government Officers for 1935-36 be approved." SUBJECT 72.-Proposed inclusion of Pulgaon under C.P. No. 1 tenderable places. The President's suggestion was agreed to. Mr. N. M. Deshmukh stated that the agriculturists, cotton dealers and the Municipality of ·37 Pulgaon wero losing from Rs. 50,000 to Rs 80,000 annually as Pulgaon, unlike Wardha, had not been recognised as a C.P. No. 1 tenderablo station, instead of a C.P. No. 2 station as it not was. As they were on the same side of the river Wardha, and the quality of 3W Do reason Association of Wardha. to be tested at the Technological Laboratory, but the East India Cotton Association relied on the valuation of graders and did not wont tests at the Laboratory, cven though he pointed out from actual experience that the reports from the latter were more reliable than reports from the former. Hc therefore moved the following resolution : "Thnt the Fast India Cotton Association le requested to place the Pulgaon cotton as C.T. No. 1." Rao Bahadur G. R. Kothare seconding the resolution said that the position was anomalous, Pulgaon cotton was classed as C.P. No. 2 while sold there, but when carted to Wardha it was classed as CP No.1. This resulted in the migration of a fair quantity of this cotton every year to Wardha. Mr. Deshmukh's proposal to decide the classification of Pulgaon on the results of Laboratory tests was a reasonable one and should be accepted by the East India Cotton Association. Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta said that the question was of marketing and not of growing and had reccived the careful consideration of the East India. Cotton Association. The trade thought the Wardha cotton superior to Pulgaon and paid higher prices for Laboratory tests were not always uniform and, on the contrary, the graders were sometimes able to judge cotton much better than tests at the Laboratory. The passing of a resolution amounts to pressure being brought on the East India Cotton Association ; it was enough if a copy of the discussion was sent to the Association for information. Dr. A1. D. TPilliams agreed that the matter be left to the East India Cotton Association to deal with. Ar. Mahta confirming Nr. Deshmukh's statement regarding the quality of Pulgaon cotton said that though Pulgaon itself grew as good a cotton as any part of the Central Provinces, it was easily accessible to inferior Berar cotton and for this reason was classed as C.P. No. 2. Rao Bahadur M. G. Deshpande testified to the fact that the cotton grown at Pulgaon was as good as C.P, No. 1, but the cotton carted from the other side of the river was however inferior. Mr. Ritchie explained that it was because Berar cotton came to Pulgaon that Pulgaon was classed as C.P. No. 3 even though the cotton grown on Pulgaon area was in reality C.P. No. 1. Rao Bahadur Kothare asked if as stated, Arvi being close to C.P. No. 1 area there was anything to prevent Berar cotton being taken to Wardha to fetch a better price, and when such cotton from Arvi was taken to Wardha, the same passed as C.P. No. 1. Mr. N. N. Deshmukh fully agreed with the suggestion of Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta and begged leave to withdraw his resolution. It was decided to send a copy of the discussion to the East India Cotton Association.

·38 SUBJECT 73.—Proposed New Agricultural Research Schemes --Scheme for defibration of cotton seed in the Bombay Presidency. The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee recommending the provision and installation at Palej of the defibrating machine from the funds of the Indian Central Cotton Committee at an initial outlay of Rs. 3,700 and recurring annual expenditure of Rs. 1,750 for a period of three years and accepting the kind offer of the Vice-President for the free supply of seed and power as required was adopted. SUBJECT 74.--Progress Report on Plant Puller Propaganda Scheme in Surat and Broach Districts. The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee adopted. SUBJECT 75.--Supply of N. R. and Cambodia coilon seeds in the Southern Division of the Bombay Presidency. The Secretary's note was recorded. was SUBJECT 76.-Draft Rules under the Central Provinces Cotton Market Act. Rao Bahadur Kothare, while thanking the Government for amending thc Cotton Market Rules, said that the attention of the local Government should be drawn to the need for sending such matters sufficiently early to enable the Committee to send its opinion before they were enacted. This was seconded by Mr. Burt and accordingly it was decided that the local Governments be requested to send such rules to the Committee early enough to pcrmit of their discussion at the full meeting and an opinion offered. SUBJECT 77.--Draft Rules under the Madras Commercial Crops Markets Act. The Secretary's note saying that the Madras Government propose to adopt 28 lbs. maund weight and the Bombay candy of 784 lbs. as standard units for all cotton transactions in the Presidency was recorded. SUBJECT 78.—Universal Standards for Indian Cotton-Progress Report.** Seth Isserdas Varindmal complained that since last he served on the Standards Sub-Committee, the Local Sub-Committee had changed its constitution in such a way so as to exclude Karachi members when Bombay cottons were to be considered. He saw no reason why Bombay alone should have a hand in the preparation of all standards and not Karachi. Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta explained that Bombay unlike Karachi was interested in all cottons and had therefore to be on the Standards Sub-Committee when Sind and Punjab cottons as well as other cottons were being dealt with. The Indian Central Cotton Committee had met the requirements of Karachi by providing representation for them when standards of cottons in which they traded were being prepared. In reply Appendix VIII (page 128).

·39 to Seth Tsserdas Varindmal's remarl. that Karachu might be left alone to pass its own standards, Mr Chunilal B Mehta explained that the Standards Sub Committee was set up by the Indian Central Cotton Committee and the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research and not by the East India Cotton Association Mr Burt explained that the reason the Committee tool an interest in this matter was the divergence in the same standard prepared by Karachi and Bombay which the Committee was to reconcile Two representatives each of the Karachi and East India Cotton Associations, with an independent member nominated by the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research constituted the Standards Sub Committee Two series of standards were prepared in India, one at Bombay and the other at Karachi and it was intended to secure uniformity As for a representation of the growers' interest on the Standards Sub Committee, the matter might be referred to the Sub Committee, although he himself saw no need for it, for consideration as to whether the membership of the Sub Committee might not be limited to recognized associations Mr Travers urged that as all Larachi cottons were dealt with under the rules of the East India Cotton Association it would be difficult to get it to accept standards which they had no hand in preparing Surely the Last India Cotton Association would not grudge Karachi having permanent representation then the Karachi market became larger The Vice President, referring to Seth Isserdas Varındmal's contention why Karachi should be made to invite Bombay for the preparation of Karachi standards, when the latter did not invite the former for the preparation of Bombay standards pointed out that Karachi had of its own accord sought Bombay s help in the prepara tion of its own standards for Sind, Punjab and Bengal cottons Further, Bombay had been preparing standards long before Karachi hind any The idea was not to set up competition between the two centres but to utilise local expert I now ledge in the preparation of standards In the case of Sind cottons, representatives of the Karachi and Bombay assucre tions would meet But in the case of, say, Berar or Central Provinces cotton thc Local Sub Committee decided only Bombay and one or two growers and one permanent local middlemin nominated on the iccom mendation of the Director of Agriculture would be called upon to havo a hand in the matter While welcoming any definite constructive proposals, he advised Seth Isserdas Varındmal to fundamentally revise his ideas of universal standards Mr T'ravers thought a middleman and a grower would serve the purpose better than two groters Mr YG Deshpande supported the Local Sub Committee's recommendations, common standards for the whole of India were really beneficial and on that score must be cheerfully accepted by all The following resolution proposed by the President and seconded by Mr Chunilal B Mehta was carried RESOLUTION"That the Indian Central Cotton Committee confirms the action taken by the Local Sub-Committee in connection with the adoption of Universal Standards for Indian cottons and that the procedure indicated in paragraph 6 of the Secretary's note be approved."

·40 SUBJECT 79.---Lxtension of cotton cultivation in Bengal. Mr. Guha regretted that no attempt had been made to grow staple cotton in Bengal. Considering the fact that Bengal once produced the best cotton in India from which the famous Dacca muslins were made he moved the following resolution, seconded by Mr. Nizam-ud Din Hyder : "That the Committee should grant to Bengal a small grant of Rs. 3,000 per annum for five years to find out whether staple cottons can be grown there and that an officer be appointed to make a survey in this respect. Dr. Burns proposed that the resolution be referred to the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee for consideration. Mr. Hutchinson Crew attention to the annual report of the Department of Agriculture, Bengal, for 1925–26 cited in the secretarial note, and proposed that a piece of the Dacca muslin offered by the Nawab Bahadur of Dacca be obtained and tested at the Technological Laboratory and results placed before the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee. He was anxious to know the fibre properties of the cotton used in Dacca muslin. The President suggested referring the matter to the Agricultural Research Sub- Committee for report and Mr. Guha be invited to attend its next meeting when the question was discussed. This was agreed to. SUBJECT 80.-Examination of the possibility of using short staple Indian cotton for the manufacture of artificial silk. Lala Shri Ram said that the Japanese boycott of Indian cotton had shown the extreme importance of finding out other uses for the Indian short-staple cotton. Mr. Burt said that the proposal was that the most modern type of artificial silk and its suitability to India should be studied. This type of rayon resembled cotton in many respects; other countries had begun to do it, and if India did not follow their example and make staple fibre, she would soon be importing it. The recommendation of the Technological Research Sub-Committee that a sum of Rs. 30,000 be sanctioned for examining the practicability of manufacturing artificial staple fibre from Indian short staple cotton was adopted. SUBJECT 81.---Scheme for the propagation of C. 402 cotton in the Hardoi and neighbouring districts of Lucknow and Sitapur, United Provinces. The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee recommending that it should be considered by the Standing Finance Sub-Committee in relation to the financial position was adopted. SUBJECT 82.--Proposal for provision of fumigation facilities at Calcutta. Mr. Guha urged that the Government of India be approached to provide facilities for fumigation of American cotton at Calcutta on economic grounds. Mr. Burt thought that the expenditure involved ·41 would be excessive for the small consumption of cotton in Calcutta, and the Government of India would naturally desire to see that the scheme vas self supporting as at Bombay The President confirmed the views of the previous speaker and thought their case too weak to make any impression on the Government at present Mr Y G Deshpande said that Indian mills should make greater use of Indian loog staple cotton, in view of the efforts that are being made to grow it in Sind and elsewhere. SUBJECT 83 --Grant of honorarium for preparation of Indices of Minutes of the Committee and its Sub Committees The President proposed the following resolution RESOLUTION="That the Secretary be authorised to grant honoraria to the staff of his office for the preparation of indices of Minutes of meetings of the Indian Central Cotton Committee and its various Sub-Committees up to a maximum of Rs. 50 for each year's Minutes." This was seconded by Rao Bahadur Kothare and carried SUBJECT 84 --Proposed introduclion* of a common unit for the purchase of seed cotton throughout India The President proposed the following resolution RESOLUTION"That the Indian Central Cotton Committee desires to express its thanks to the Governments of Bombay, Madras, Punjab, United Provinces and Central Provinces for the steps taken by them to give effect to the Committee's recommendations for the introduction of common units of weight for cotton transactions. The Committee would further urge on the Bombay Government the desirability of standardising also the Bombay candy of 784 lbs. as a unit of weight in the Presidency, particularly as this unit is being adopted in practically all the other major cotton-growing provinces in India." This was seconded by Mfr Chunilal B Mehta and carried SUBJECT 85 ---Broadcasting of Commercial News on cotton Mr N M Deshmukh moving the following resolution deplored the discontinuance of commercial news which the Bombay Broadcasting Station had hitherto transmitted and which was of great value to the agriculturist in the up country He appealed to the Indian Central Cotton Committee to support the East India Cotton Association's representation on this matter RESOLUTION—"That the Indian Central Cotton Committee requests the Government of India to resume the broadcasting of all commercial news connected with cotton in the mornings particularly through the Bombay Radio Station." * Appendıs IX (page 128) † Appendıx X (page 129) No 1 Bk Y 1306 ·42 Rao Bahadur Kothare wanted to know how in the absence o' broadcasting could Rule 86 of the Central Provinces Cotton Market Act be expected to function, in the absence of previous day's closing rates? Mtian Nurullah deprecated the action of the Government of India especially at the time when the Punjab Government was launching a campaign of broadcasting the latest market news to villages. The Vice-President stressed the importance of broadcasting in India for the dissemination of important items of news, such as cotton news. It showed in a bad light the motives of the Government of India thich were apparently nucrcly for a new source of revenuc. Briefly stated the action of the Government amounted to this. They had discontinued the broadcasting owing to the loss of revenue to the Telegraph Department from various interests who used to get the news by telegrams from Bombay. The same department which was amassing crores of rupees from postal, telephone and telegram charges could hardly be justified in curtailing broadcasting because of il slight loss in telegraph revenues. Apparently the Government had not considered the amount of loss on experiments incurred by Bombay, investors before they took il over and simply looked upon it as a moncy-making machine. He insisted that middle class up-country merchants and zamindars owned sets mainly for the purpose of getting cotton prices. He was strongly of the opinion that commercial quotations ranked first before any other news on the radio programme. He kiery of cases when important telegrams were delayed by subordinate servants of the Telegraph Department for gratuities on Diwali days. He urged the President to appraise the authorities at Simla of the urgent need for the restoration of the broadcasting system. Mr. N1. D. Tilliams supported the proposal from his experience of the usefulness of broadcasting commercial news in the Punjab and advocated the broadcasting of Karachi prices along with Bombay prices, as this would be of great service to cotton interests of that province. Messrs. Plummer and Isserdas Varindmal supported the resolution. Sardar Sampuran Singh was also of the same opinion and stigmatised the Government's action for revenuc purposes as a petty one. Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta pointed out that telegrams were undependable as they were often received too late to be of use. Messrs. Salimath and B. S. Patel likewise testified to the eagerness of the farmers to get the latest radio news before they sold their cotton. Mr. Y. G. Deshpande stressed the importance of radio commercial news to villages cut off from telegraph communication and to the general scheme of village uplift. Dr. Burns stated that in his annual report this year he had deliberately drawn the attention of the Government of Bombay to the usefulness of radio. Mr. Ritchie was also in favour of broadcasting and would like to see receiving sets in all the Central Provinces markets. Sardar Rao Bahadur Bhimbhai R. Naik thought that broadcasting would save the Indian peasantry from exploitation by middlemen and he failed to understand such action from a Government who pretended to be their well-wishers. The action of the Government, he thought, jeopardized the interest of the cultivator who was ensured fair prices for his cotton by the daily publication of central market prices, Mr. Nizam-ud Din Hyder ·43 likewise urged the restoration of the radio system, especially in view of the Hyderabad Government having in contemplation a broadcasting scheme for rural uplift work. Mr. Sane from his own experience of villages in the Baroda State was convinced that broadcasting sets were mainly used for commercial news, without which these sets were considered to be of little use. SUBJECT 80.--Proposed new Agricultural Research Schemes Plant Puller Propaganda Scheme in Baroda. The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee, approving in general the scheme but suggesting that the pay of the Graduate Assistants should not exceed Rs. 70 per mensem and that after the first year of intensive propaganda a large number of Kamgars be employed instead of the more expensive fieldmen, and recommending the adoption of the scheme at an estimated total cost of Rs. 9,380 for two years, was adopted. SUBJECT 87.-Proposed new Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes- Scheme for the marketing of Verum cotton. The Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee recommending an additional grant of Rs. 1,35,022 spread over a period of 5 years and 2 months in addition to the grant already made at the last meeting of the Committee was adopted. The President thanked the members for the courtesy and patience and the extreme goodwill shown to him which had enabled the Committee to get through the heaviest agenda they ever had in record time. Sardar Rao Bahadur Bhimbhai R. Naik proposed a very hearty vote of thanks to the President. This was carried with acclamation. R. D. MIHRA, Publicity and Propaganda Officer.

·44 RESOLUTIONS. << 1 2 Appointment of cotton growcrs' representatives on the Committee to the Boaril of Directors of the East India Cotton Association. That the existing three members be l'c-elect.al”. Representation of collon interests in Karachi on the Iulian Central Cotton Committcc. s That the Indian Central Cotton Committee accepts AIr. Jenkins' proposal as contained in the Secretary's Supplementary note". Resignation of Mr. D. 7. Kapadia, assistant Technologist, Technological Laboratory. That a Sub-Committee consisting of the President, Vice-President, Khan Bahadur Sardar Habibullah and Rao Bahadur DI. G. Deshpande be appointed to cxamine the allegations made by Dir. D. F. Kapadia and to report to the next meeting of the full Committee". 3 Licensing of gins and presscs. That the Indian Central Cotton Committee desires to remind the Government of India of its Resolution passed at its meeting on the 29th August 1933 and wishes to draw the attention of Government to thic dangerous increase in the evil of watering of cotton which calls for immediate action in the interest of Indian cotton . 5 Cultivation of improved varieties of cotton in the Barrage areas of Sind. That the Indian Central Cotton Committee endorses the resolution of the Special Sub-Committee regarding the establishment of a compact block of long staple cotton in Sind and approves generally of the proposals of the Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind". 6 Campaign for extension, seed distribution and marketing of pure Sind-American cotton. That the various suggestions of the Sind Cotton Committee be referred back to the Chief Agricultwal Officer in Sind for reconsideration by the Sind Cotton Committee with the object of ascertaining to what extent any of the suggestions made could be given effect to" ·45 Half-yearly Report of thc Publicity and Propaganda Officer. 7 That the Report of the Publicity and Propaganda Officer be adopted ”. 8 Report on the Fumigation of American Cotton. “ The Indian Central Cotton Committee approves of the action taken by the Standing Finance Sub- Committee in regard to the question of the reduction of the Bombay Port Trust share of fumigation 'charges and the revision of the pay and allowances of the fumigation staff.” “ The Indian Central Cotton Committee requests the Government of India to sanction a rebate of eight annas per square bale and five annas per round bale on the fumigation fee paid on American cotton fumigated at square bale and round bale rates during the fiscal year 1933-34." “ The Indian Central Cotton approves of the action taken by the Local Sub-Committee in recommending to the Government of India the abolition of the special fee of Rs. 10 for sample bales”. Report of the Cotton Forecast Improvement Sub- Committee. 9 « That the Report of the Cotton Forecast Improvement Sub-Committee be adopted". The Institute of Plant Industry, Indore --Future Policy. “This Committee resolves that the Governing Body of the Institute of Plant Industry, Indore, be informed (1) that the representation of the Indian Central Cotton Committee on the Governing Body each year should be in proportion to the contributions received in the preceding year from the Indian Central Cotton Committee and the States taking an interest in the Institute, (3) that the accounts of the Institute should be andited by the Auditor General as long as contributions from the Indian Central Cotton Committee continue, ·46 { (3) that the Indian Central Cotton Committee will contribute to the Institute for a period of three years from 1935-36 a minimum sum of Rs. 85,000 per year for purposes of research work in cotton-the programme for such work for each year to be approved by the Indian Central Cotton Committee. The Committee will also be prepared to consider applications for supplementary grants for cotton research on the approved programmes, if necessary”. Meeting of the Indian Central Cotton Committee at Indore. 11 " That the Resolution of the Committee passed at its meeting in July 1928 requiring a cold weather meeting to be held at Indore once in three years be rescinded. Meetings will be held at Indore as and when the Committee considers it desirable to do so". Progress Report of the Director, Technological Laboratory. That the Progress Report of the Director, Technological Laboratory, be approved ”. 12 Report of the Technological Research Sub-Committee. That the Report of the Technological Research Sub-Committee be adopted”. 6 13 14 92 Report of the Standing Finance Sub-Committee. That the Report of the Standing Finance Sub- Committee be adopted.” That the Revised Estimates for 1934-35, as now amended, be approved." “ That the Budget for the pay of Government officers for 1935-36 be approved ”. >> 15 Universal Standards for Indian cotton. - That the Indian Central Cotton Committee confirms the action taken by the Local Sub-Committee in connection with the adoption of Universal Standards for Indian cottons and that the procedure indicated in paragraph 0 of the Secretary's note be approved”.

·16 Grant of honorarium for preparation of indices of A[inutes of the Committee and its Sub-Committees, " That the Secretary be authorised to grant honoraria to the staff of his office for the preparation of indices of Minutes of meetings of the Indian Central Cotton Committee and its various Sub-Committees up to a maximum of Rs. 50 for each year's Minutes ". 17 Proposed introduction of a common unit for the purchase of seed cotton throughout India. " That the Indian Central Cotton Committee desires to express its thanks to the Governments of Bombay, Madras, Punjab, United Provinces and Central Provinces for the steps taken by them to give effect to the Committee's recommendations for the introduction of common units of weight for cotton transactions. The Committee would further urge on the Bombay Government the desirability of standardising also the Bombay candy of 784 lbs. as a unit of weight in the Presidency, particularly as this unit is being adopted in practically all the other major cotton growing provinces in India”. Broadcasting of Commercial News on cotton. “That the Indian Central Cotton Committee requests the Government of India to resume the broadcasting of all commercial news connected with cotton in the mornings particularly through the Bombay Radio Station". 18 19 Report of the Agricultural Rescarch Sub-Commillcc. " That the Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committce be adopted".

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·APPIXIE SuprcT 1 Licensing of Gons and Presse) Secretary's Note. Thus subject * 24 11t considered lay the Committee at its meeting hekl in August 1937 ulirn the follasing resolution was p1e-ca! ITMOTITION "Thint the Indian Central Cotton Committed reims its resolution of 1991 recommending to the Costrument of India tut the Cotton (innmg and l'rewing l'autories Act loull cont un a cluso protacing for the licens), of gmanı! por ser and thint this clule should in made ojx ratu o an encla province la relation of tho I'rouincul Iegrulituo Council" The resolution of 1924 referred to was as follows - IITSOLUTION tion to the memlicns of anil to the Tuno 1024, is convinced that tho licensing of gins and presses will prostdo the only remeds for mixing in the Punjab tlint is likelr to hio imedinte and practical ellect The Committee also wishes to imprcy upon the Government of India the desirability of putting the Ging unil Preeeps Bill before tho Legislaturo with as littlo delay ay possible I copy of the discueron on the subject at the lugust 1933 meeting of the Committeo is attached. Ir compliance with the resolution powd thc Gosernment of India scrc addrescu in the matter but their final orders are still awaited In the meanu lule the following further developments have talen -- (a) I representation (Lnclosur 1) w04 recused in Warch list from about 10 leading (6) In March 11t the Centrul I'rovince Board of Ignculturo passed tho following Molution SIA VIL It was stated at the meeti K-enna cotton was to reap the full benefit of an enhanced prer prevent adulteration of his produce and to check any o bring into disreputo the cotton of any tract (c) The Bombay Millow ners' Association in Juno last and the Bombay Chamber of Commeroc in July last addreagd the Goverment of India suggesting the licensing of ginning and pressing factores ly on amendment of the Cotton Gining and Pressing Factores Act, with the object of preventing watering and other malpractices in the cotton tradin Comics of their letters to the Government of India are attached ne rasonal tant (Fnclosure II and I (a) above were consi last and it was deers resolution in consult the Fast India Cotto Makoftwa Chamber and the Bombay ULI OLLUudelle and the Deputy Chairman and Secretary of the Bombay Millowners Association, and *Not printed ide Minutes - 7th meeting-ICCC-pago 12. MO-ID Y 1307 ·50 the following draft of a resolution embodying the decision arrived at was prepared for adoption by the Indian Central Cotton Committee at its forthcoming meeting “ The Indian Ceutral Cotton Committee desires to remind the Government of India of its Resolution No. 1 passed at its meeting on the 29th August 1933 and wishes to draw the attention of Government to the dangerous increase in the evil of watering of cotion which calls for immediate action in the interest of Indian cotton. The Ahmedabad Millowners' Association were not able to send a representative but they signified by wire their agreement with the object of the conference. (a) Messrs. Volkart and Ralli Brothers reported to the Committee the prevalence of the malpractices of the watering of cotton, the mixing of secd with lint, the cheating of oultivators by the payment of lower prices for their lapas after carts had been unloaded in factory compounds and by the use of incorrect weights, and those reports were duly forwarded to the Government of India with the object of ascertaining froin thiem wliat they proposed to do to prevent these and similar abuses. Enclosure 1. Pomhay. TIIT CHITRMAN, Indian Contial Cotton Committee, Bombay. Dear Sir, We bog to draw your attention to the following for serious consideration and necessary action. The malpractice of watering raw cotton at the time of pressing is increasing day by day. It has been doing immeasurable harm to the cotton trade. Indian cotton has ceased to he an investment and watering has become one of the dangerous factors of depreciating its price. Little profit expected to be gained in weight vanishes if the cotton is not soon disposed of after its arrival in the selling market and in addition its colour and class is spoiled which affects its selling price. The fibre of such cotton begins to deteriorate and its quality injured the longer it remains unconsumed. Due to this deterioration its reputation is spoilt in world market. If you look to the working of the season 1927-28 yon will realise that the trade suffered to the extent of more than a crore of rupees owing to this malpractice of watering when ready Oomra cotton was sold at Rs. 45 per candy below Contract rate. Under the circumstances, it is the considered opinion of the undersigned that it would bo a service to the trade if this evil practice of watering raw cotton is rooted out; and with a view to attain this object, wo submit, you should approach the Indian Government to have the Cotton Ginning and Pressing Factories Act amended to the effect that any press owner who waters or allows or assists in watering raw cotton before pressing will be liable lo fine or have his license suspended temporarily or permanently. Te beg to remain, Yours faithfully, KILAORAND DEVCHAND & Co., LTD., BHAIDAS CURSONDAS & Co., VARJTVANDAS MOTILAL, P. CHRYSTAL & Co., BRIUL & CO., NISSHO CO., LTD., LANGLEY & Co., ABIERSEY DADIODAR, DRENNAN & Co., RALLI BROTHERS, LTD., RODOCANAOH & Co., VOLKART BROS., GILL & Co., TIN PATEL COTTON CO., LTD., VALJI LADRA & Co., WIJT LADHA & Co., KHOJA MITHABHAI NATDOO, HABIB & SONS, NARSU NAGSU & Co., SHROFF COOPER & Co., SIVKARAM RAMCHANDIR, HIRJI BHARMAL, KOTAK & Co., HANSRAJ HARJI & SONS, RAMDAS DOSSA & Co., ARIAN KHIMJI & Co., KHMJI VISRAM, BACHHRAJ & Co., IAD., MANJI BHIMJI, PIROJSHAW R. VAKHARIA & ('o.. GOSRO KABUSHIKI KAISHA, R. KHIMJT BROTHERS, Toro MENKA KAISELA, ITD., JAPAN COTTON TRADING CO.

·51 Enclosure II. Copy of letter dutte llor 2011 June 1931, from the Secrslary, Bombay Jellou ners Issociation, Bomlny, to the Secretary to the corenment of Indra Department of Education Health and lands Farla SUBJFOT Pretention of valpring and other malm act:ces in the collon lrul Committee on various occasions, and it is understood that in accordance wth thr viens e pressed by, represcntatíve trade organisations, the Indian Contral Cotton Committee recommended to Government last year that the Cotton Ginning and Pressing Factories lot should contain a clause, providing for the licensing of gus and presses, and that this clause should be made operative in each province hy resolution of the Provincial Legis lative Council It would appear that the representations made by the Indian Central Cotton Commttee are under Governm»nt's consideration, apd my Committee, therefore, desire to take advantage of the opportumty to pluce before Government in some detail their view of the casc 2 It will be remembered that the Machenna Cotton Committeo (1917 18), m paragraphs 226 and 225 of th'r Raport, recommended inter alia that all ginning and fires iug factories should be licensed , that such licenses should only he granted on certain conditions, and should le withdrawn for breach of those conditions and on proof of such malpractices as damping, mung and adulteration The question was subsequently examined by the Indian ('entral Cotton Committec, and though they do not appear to have favoured an all India system of licensing gins and presses, they seem to have made it quite clear hconging if th und Pressing It a later dat that they were conuinced tha' the licensen Jojums un piests in pluriu vu Wytum , for miring in the Punjab " L'actories Bill, which was introduced in the following was not included, presumably in order not to the Assembly The desirability of counteracting found to exist by the MacKenna Committee has always been admitted by Government, but what they wanted the House to do when the Hill was introduced was merely to agree in principle that legislation was required to tackle these abuses and malpractices, and to enable the trade to protect itself aud melawant nog catamala injured the reputation of ing an adequate price for h14 10w been in operation for more than 8 vears and my committee 1813 veel bucurvuring to find out whether tho objects which Government had in view when the Bull was introduced bare since been realised From representations received from member mills, and the roults of the investi gations conducted by the Indian Central Cotton Committee on various occasions, it would appear that the existing provisions of the Cotton Ginning and Pressing Tactories Act anıl the Cotton Transport Act have not been adequate to realise fully the objects Govern ment had in view and that the undesirable practices which existed when tho MacKenna. Committee conducted their investigations obtain cren to day Jay Committee, therefore, consider that in the interests of all concerned, the provisions of the Act should be rein forced They have bestowed considerable thought to the problem and are cons ncert that the Cotton Ginning and Pressing Tactories Act should be amended at the earliest > т. 41 4 * of licensing, but are convinced that adequato vale gulus UN LU 4 innocent parties bein, unfairly penalised ·52 Bombay, Marol 1934. tfuE CIiAIRMAN, Millowners' Association, Bombay. Dear Sir, We beg to draw your attention to the following for serious consideration and necessary action. The malpractice of watering raw cottou at the time of pressing is increasing day by day. Tt has been doing immeasurable harm to the cotton trade. Indian cotton has ceased to be an investment and watering has become one oî the dangerous factors of depreciating its price. Little profit expected to be gained in weight vanishes if the cotton is not soon disposed of after its arrival in the selling market and in addition its colour and class is spoiled which affects its selling price. The fibre of such cotton begins to deteriorate and its quality injured the longer it remains unconsumed. Due to this dctcrioration its reputation is spoilt in the world market. If you look to the working of the season 1927-28 you will realise that the trade suffered to the extent of more than a crore of rupees owing to this malpractice of watering when ready Oomra cotton was sold at Rs. 45 per candy below Contract rate. Under the circumstances, it is the considered opinion of the undersigned that it would be a service to the trade if this evil practice of watering raw cotton is rooted out; and with a view to attain this object, we submit, jou should approach the Indian Government to have the Cotton Ginning and Pressing Factories Act amended to the effect that any press owner who waters or allows or assists in watering raw cotton before pressing will be liable to fine or have his license suspended temporarily or permanently. We beg to remain, Yours faithfully, Signed by more than 40 leading cotton merchanting Firms, Enclosure III. Copy of liller No. 1$68,276, dald the 13th July 1934, from the Secrclary, Bombay Chamber of Commerce, Bombay, to the Secrrtary to the Government of India, Department of Education, Health and Lands, Simla. SUBJECT.-- Licensing of Ginning and Pressing Factories. I have the honour to inform you that the Chamber has been favoured with a copy of the letter addressed by the Bombay Millowners' Association to the Government of Ivdia on the 26th June 1934 urging that the Cotton Ginning and Pressing Tactories Act should be amended at an early date so as to provide Local Governments with powers to introduce il system of licensing of gins and presses. My Committee desire strongly to support the above representation, 2. In addressing the Indian Central Cotton Committee in 1931 the Chamber expressed the opinion that the application of the Cotton Ginning and Pressing Factories Act nccded severely tightening up if that piece of legislation was to prove effective and have the desired effect of preventing the many abuses which, it was alleged, took place either in the ginning factory or in the press house. The Committee had in mind at that time the compulsory licensing of gins and presses and in again addressing the Indian Central Cotton Committee in 1932 they stated that they were strongly of opinion that the time had come for introducing legislation to this end without which they thought it would not be possible to overcome the dificulties and malpractices which had hampered the tiade for so long. 3. y Committee consider that the move for increased consumption of Indian cotton Isy Lancashire lends added force to the necd for the proposed legislation which they trust will be introduced at an carly dato.

·03 ? Supplementary Note The followin: luttu luty lain stnt by the Indian Verchi ints Chamber, Bombav, to tlc Government of India on the above subject - "Copy of letter lo 2173, dated the 23rd lugust 19!, from the Secretary, Indian Verchanis' Chamber, Dombay, to the Secretary to the Colernnient of India, Depart ment of I ducation, Health and Lands, Simla SUBJECT-Re menulment of the Indian Collon Gunning and Pressing Factory Act prorading for the licensing of Gens and Pres9c8 to present realering and other malprachices in the Cotton I rade. The attention of this Chamler has been drawn by the Indian Central Cotton Committee and the Bombay alillowners' sociation to complaints regarding malpractices such as watering, etc, said to be resorted to by somo cotton guns and presses in various parts of the country, and I am directed to address Gorcrnment in the es under. They would urgo, therefore, that in no cucumstances ang lugıslation on the subject should be passed until the relevant bill was circulturl for public opinion and until genune and bona fide dificullits of owners of gins and pris es had been adequately rcalıscd and provided for " APPHIDI IJ Suwact 1.-Culloution of improved curichies of rollon on the Darzuge 17 Cus of Sin loll by Chief Agricultural Odeer in sind Secretary's Note. Tho Indian Central Cotton Committee at its 28th mecting held on the 30th January ord policy to be adopted in Sind in regnrd to the hind of cotton that should no encuia, LU IL thio Barrage areas, and unummously passed the following resolution -- "In view of the can cr to which cotton groners in Indyz would be exposed should a further increase take place in the production of short staple desi cotton in Sind, and of tho urgency of encouraging the production of long staple cotton 11 all suitable tracts in India, the Committeo is convinced that stops should be talen without delay to catablish a compact block of long staple cotton in the Barrage areas of Sind 1219 calls for co ordurated effort, including logislation if necessarv, intensive seed supply - toile to local conclitions As fac to produce 300 000 acres of cotton annually when luuy usefu respectfully urges the Government of Bombay to tako immediate action to this end before such problems, as miting, become serious and while conditions are still The resolution was submitted to the Gos crument of Bombay for neles ary action The attached letter together with the encloved printed copy of the Chut Agricultural Oficers note on the resolution now recensed from the Government of Lombny is for Uvu favourable consideration ·The Chiul Agricultural Ollicer in Sinu huny rulistiwly Xiuminor in his noto the advantages of ind the practical difficulties in giving client to the insolution. They may be lyricfly stated as follows: (11) 16 is admitted that of nll places in Juulin. Sind ofiers the greatest scopo for the procinotion of long-siaplo cotinu, the prospoctire rennd for which from home in a broar is encouraging (Paragrapili 2). (1) As regards the stipulated compar! block of 300,000 acre: it is pointer out that to kuro such it compact blorli of aXicnsive in arus of collon in Sind the ruolo of the notion area in 'T'lar Barkar district i.e. the areas ful by thic Northern and Southern Jazzril.thir Vitlimu) aniltlin Kihipro Canal systoms of the Eastern Vora Canal Syetem, luas to be set Ruite (l'aragraphs 6, 7 and 8) for long-staple rolion cultivation, 14 thir cotion arcas in other listricts are noither so plensive nor :() surile lile na tlir arra in this district for the purpose (Paragraphs and 7). Ini lho reservation of a compact block ior long-staple collon mc:209 that pressure should loo lorought upon the proyent deshi cotton growers of this district in rivo up desli (l'aragraphs 3, 3 ani 0). Thus to compel the Towers to grow :2 particular rariesy of rolton is lineasure which the Committee had not favoured in the Punjab. How then in it good for Sinil (Paragraph 10): Mr. Jenkins' personal opinion is that it woulil on ilir whole be upon for Sind (Parngraph ll). (11) I'rom an analysis of the pre-entrirski um.murit illi cotton arcas in the lolukas of Thar Parliar district it is concluded that a comportarca oſ 1: Inkls acres only, as indicated in the map, could, with advantage to growers, be set aside in this district for long-stopile cotton (Iaragraph 12). (r) As lo llc lcgisintive measures to be adopted to control cotion cultivation in ile compact block, the Cotton 'Ironsport Act will not lie eficctive on account of the absence of anturnl boundaries and lack of rcular routes of communication in Sind (Paragraph 13). Besides. Sind conditions are wsuitable for a measure like the Madras Cotton Control Act, exrcpt as a last resort (Paragraph 14). () ſu uny case, ile rrez mentionerl in (d) (lues not require to be placed under legislative control (l'aragraph 15) provided cortnin other conditions aro satisficd (Paragraphı 16). (1) Tho most important of these conditions requiring inmedinte attention is t} licensing of gins and presses (Paragraph 17). An unobjectionabic method of orcrcoming the opposition of the ginning and pressing industry to licensing is suggosted (Paragraph 18). (1) Other matters such as (1) tlic organization of seed supply, (2) the organization of marketing, (3) tlic improroinent of communications and ginning factory facilitics ctc. for ensuring the success of the scheme are also discussed (Paragraphs 10 to 23). (i) Paragraph 24 enumcrates the actions the Chief Agricultural Oſicer in Sind would like the Government of Bombay to take on his note. Tho Government of Bonibay now want the Committco's considered opinion on the various points raised in the Chicf Agricultural Officor's note, and particularly those mentioned in paragraphs 10 and is, viz., (1) why it is considered necessary by the Committee to advocate for Sind a incasure which the Committec had not considered suitable for the Punjab, and (2) tho possibility of reducing the objectionable aspccts of licensiug of gins and prosses by peualising only definitely fraudulent practices such as watoring and falsc-packing and by introducing a system of" marking ” or “ branding cottou bales as a gua rantce of their purity and quality. The Government of Bombay also want the Committee to tako such action as is deemed suitable on the suggestion contained in paragraph 22 of the note regarding to establishment of direct purchasing agencies within the reserved areas. From Subjcct 16 on the Agenda it will be seou that the Sind Cotton Committeo las already expressed itself in favour of the early introduction of licensing legislation, and the expediting of seed-organization work. The Committec also decided to refer the question of abolition of the diarch closure of canals to the Chief Engineer, and to recom. nend a slight reduction in the assessment on long staple cotton grown in the reserved area instead of a slight increase in the assessment on Bhort-staple cotton, as proposed by the Chief Agricultural Officer.

·Copy of letter X to the core Secretary > the SOBJECT --Cotton Sine Barrage arens Cultntion of Improred carteties of JL f 3 for opinion . inter in Sind on the resolution presel boy the Special .c Indian Central Cotion Committee, to consider the 17 order marlets for the collon producer 11 Indru, compa-l llock of Inny etaple collon cultu atwn in the Barrage areas of somet. The Resolution of the Sprcial Sub Committee of the Indian Central Cotton Committeo Tang Bunder tom ror in whweh cotton crowcrs in India would be exposed should CRA 7 Iditions factory bo large ho Com n to this are still favourable Agreement tooth objects of the Resolution ljects of the Resolution passed by long e of тор -df Factors affecting policy of cotton development in Sind. 11 mod halow the further policy of cotton de elopment 11 ---+ nn nf long staple ing of these ranal Systems has lebuv ed the 123in tointy 1 also statel 119 Lut posv assured, we hold the tierc that there is no other punt u in 'The hopeful prospects of the successful cultiration of long staple cotton". results of the work of the Agricultural Department in Sind in cotton cultivation on Government research stations, farms and in the districts, confirm fully the correctness of this opinion ·56 (0) The recent. boycott of Indian cotton by Japan lins forcibly emphasized thic unwisdom of any further extension of the cultivation of short staple cottops with a limited and restricted demand. This is most Jaríicularly true in such cotton-growing tracts where medium and long staple cottons--which form the bulk of the demand from Indian and Lancashire mills-can be successfully grown, under irrigated conditions. Sind short staple (deshi) cotton has a peculiar and special demand for particular spinning purposes, c.g., hosicry manufacture, and, while admitting that the Japanese boycott bore more heavily on other trade varieties of short staple cotton, c.g.. Berar's and Central Provinces, Uian on Sind deshi, I would like to point out that the restricted nature of the demand for this cotton is in itself a weighty season for limitation of the procluction of short staple cotton in Sind. Trade opinion in Karachi has definitely expressed the vicw that w cxtension of the Sind short staple (leshi) crop beyond 200,000 bales per annum will most probably result in glutting the limited market for this iype of cotton and in a consequent rerluction in the price to the grower. (c) The marked additional interest which is being shown in Sind-American (and Egyptian) cottons by spinners in Boinbay, Almedalad and other mill centres indicates clearly that these classes of cotton fill their requirements satisfactorily and could replace the bulk of the cottons now being inported into India from America, South Africa and Egypt for nixtures for spinning fincr counts. Recent triade visitors to Sind from Lancashire have also expressed the opinion that there would be a sure and steady demand for such cottons from Lancashire spinners, iſ a regular and unmixed supply is available. An extended demand for Sind long staple cotton is therefore assured and, in vice of the incrcasing tendency of Indian mills to “go finer" and the declared policy of Lancashire to use more Indian cotton, may be regarded as permanent. Difficulty of finding large compact" blocks " in Barrage arcas. 3. Turning now to the Resolution of the Special Sub-Committee, I would like to comment firstly on the implications of the term “a compact block of long staple cotton large enough to produce 300,000 acres of cotton annually”. To begin with, it seems necessary to remove a misapprehension, which appears to be widely held that the opening of the Lloyd Barrage and Canal Systems has brought large compact tracts of hitherto uncnltivated Government waste land under irrigation, which tracts can be sold or leased out in large blocks to cotton-growers on such conditions as Government may think fit to lay down regarding the variety of cotton to be grown, etc. Except possibly in the Right Bank arcas, this is not the case. Especially in the main cotton growing tracts, which are confined to the Left Bank, the bulk of the land was in the lands of private owners prior to the opening of the Barrage and “new” lands, i.c., Government waste land, are only to be found in comparatively small areas interspersed among the settled holdings of established zamindars. This being the case, it is clear that the establishment of the “block" of long staple cotton cultivation suggested by the Sub- Committee must involve the co-operation or the coercion-of large nunibers of difierent landowners and cannot be carried out by the allocation of large compact areas of “new” land on concessionary terms to a few selected cotton-growers. Annual acreage of cotton required by the Resolution. 4. The Sub-Committee's Resolution calls for the establishment of a large compact “block ” of long staple cotton “large enough to produce 300,000 acres of cotton annually." This figure is approximately equal to the total acreage of cotton in Sind before the opening of the Lloyd Barrage and is slightly less than the final forecasted development (in 1951-52) of cotton cultivation on the Eastern Nara Canal Systems, i.e., the Northern and Southern Jamrao, the Mithrao and the Khipro Canals, or, say, the whole of the Thar Parkar district. Where is such an area to be found ? 1 Thar Parkar District only suitable for early Long Staple Cotton development. 5. At this stage, I desire to make it quite clear that, in my opinion, any large and early development of long staple cotton in Sind must be looked for in the Thar Parkar district only. Nawabshah and Hyderabad districts cannot be considered in this conncction at present partly on account of the more favourable environmental conditions for staple cotton production in the Thar Parkar district, i.e., on the Eastern Nara Canal Systems, and partly on account of the higher standard of cotton cultivation in that ·57 tract In support of this contention, I give below figures for cotton cultivation in Sind (both deshi and American) in the past I harf season, ie , in 1933 *Ares under cotton District Thar Parbar Naya bshah Hyderabad Desha 142,000 acres 133,000 59,000 American 122 000 acres 5,000 19,000 + 33 Total 331,000 acres 146 000 acres 27 28 + T of this district for staple cotton prodaction over Nawabshah or Hyderabad districts has Leen confirmed by the results of a series of rarietal tests of different cottons, conducted throughout Sind on zamındarı Jands over 4 number of years by the Agricultural Department Present collon area in Thar Parkar District 17 MI . 1 42 0 Accordingly, the "block" which the Resolution of the Sub Committee refers to must be looked for in the 'l har Parkar district, ie, on the canals comprising the Lastern in the past 7 harf season nd s preekly statement of 1933) on the main canal systems concerned as under Northern Jamrao Cans! Southern Jamrao Canal 149,624 acres Bithrao Canal 70 591 Khipro Canal 75,311 37 39 Total 295,556 acres This is approximately the cotton acreage which the Sub Committees Resolution coneiders should be produced annually in the establishedl “ bloch' of long staple cotton 18, unless any considerable incrcaso in the cotton acreage of Thir Parlar district 18 possible, the whole of that district would require to bo reserved for long staple cotton cultivation to meet the requirements of the Resolution Horecast of collon der elopment in Thar Parlar Distrirt. 7 The anticipated development of cotton cultivation in the areas irrigated loy the Tastern Nara Canal Systems under the I loyd Barrage Project 19 as under – 1932-33 346 357 (actual) 1941-12 261,200 1951-52 287,800 n this tract has COR yablo area on in the X7 ans Ata maximum estimate, after allowing for necessary fodder crops, rice cultivation, fallows and uncultivated holdings, not more than two thirds of this area, io, 352 200 Scres, can possibly bo cultivated with cotton which 18 only out T0 000 acres more than last 3 esr 8 acreage I hus shows that the full development of ti e cotton area in this tract has already been practically reached Implication of Resolution with regard to area seas atres کا مقابله با 404 Atton Luu - arsti the only and to prevent'" by in this selected area * Figures are approximate only.

·60 (0) The total abolition of thio March closure of canals by to Irrigation Loparı... ment. I attach great importance to this condition. Irrigation water for soaking lands for American cotton sowings must be available not later than the 15th March. (c) The increase of tho rate of assorsment on deshi (short-stapled) cot1035 grown within tho reserved area. This proposal will require examination by tho Revenuo Department but, to my inind, it would be most chicctivo in achiov. ing the desired object. It would also be justified as deshi cotton usually l'equires moro irrigation water than Amorican. (d) Tho introduction of control, i.e., licensing of cotton ginning and prossing factories in Sind. This subject is dealt with moro fuiy in paragraphs 13 and is below. If, in addition, it (0-operative growors' organization, on the lines of the American Cotton Growers' Exchango, could bo established to organise and oncourage the co-oporative marketing of "mark” cotton and auction sales organised and notificd in advauco to large buyers, I am convinced that, without any further legislativo action, a "block" of long staplo cotton cultivation could bo established in Sind which would cxlund us a highor standard of agricultural practice develops in the Province, Liccnsing of gins and presscs. 17. The past history of the Punjab-American cotton crop furnishes clefinilo ovidonco that mal-practices in ginning and pressing factories inninly mixing of long staple and short staple varietios, can, williin a very short space of timo, ontirely nullify the advantages of any organised efforts to oxtend the cultivation and inaintain the reputation of staple cottons. The subject of the licensing of gins and presses has been cliscussed a nauscam in the Indian Contral Cotton Committee and many resolutions have been passed by that body urging the importance of such action in tho intorests of thic cotton cultivation of India. But no stops towards liconsing havo yot been inkon in British India although certain Indian States, notably Hyderabad and Indoro, havo bcon sufficiently farsighted to adopt the necessary incasures to protect their cotton-growers from the losses resulting from solfish malpractices on tho part of ginners and pressors. I may mention that tho mixing of inferior cotton with the better types of Sind-American cotton in gins and presses in the Barrage arcas las already been brought to my notice. Accordingly, I am strongly of the opinion that the licensing of all gins and presses in Sinil must tako placo lcfore any organised attempt to extend long staplo cotton cultivation on a “community-" basis can have the slighost prospect of pormanent advantage to thio growers. *Use of special“ marks" in licensed faclorics. 18. Liconsing of gins and pressos is opposed by the ginning and pressing inlorests largely on two grounds, firstly, that “mixing” of different variolics of cotton may tako place outsido tho factories for which the factory-owner will be liablo to belield responsiblo and, secondly, because there is a trade demand for “mixed " cotton. To overcomo both those objections, I would suggest that all factories, both gins and presses, should bo licensed, that only definitely fraudulent practicos, c.g., watering and falsc packing, should be scheduled as penal offences and that each licensed gin and press should be provided with one or moro Government "marks” or “brands" shich they will be entitled to stencil or affix to each halo of staple cotton, abovo a definite standard of purity, which issues from the factory. Tho fixing of the “mark" or "brand" will be done on the sole responsibility of the press-owner or of his client, the gin-owner, and misuse of this privilege will be penal under the licensing regulations. If such action is takon, I suggest that the “ mark" brand" denoting purity of Sind-American cotton from a liconsed factory will soon become well known to the trade and that such “marked ” or “ branded ” bales will ultimately command a premium in the market and will build up a sound reputation for the Sind-American crop. These proposals will require detailed examination by all interests concerned, but I am convinced that the only way to check "mixing” in gins and presses is to take such steps to make the sale of puro " cotton more profitable than it is at present. The cotton growors also will soon realize the advantage of their cotton being marketed as “marked ” or “branded ” bales and encouragement and stimulus will be given to (a) the cultivation of pure long staplo cotton and (b) tho sale of lint in place of kapas sales, both of which developinents are definitoly in the interests of the Sind cotton cultivator. All bales from the reserved area " for long staple cotton in Sind will naturally bear the mark" or " brand." mentioned above and, in addition, should be stamped with tho letters "R.A." to denote that the cotton was grown in the Sind “long staple reservation”. *Suggested by Mr. R. Fleming, Representative of Lancashire Indian Cotton Enquiry Committee. or ·61 Secd supply organızalıon. 1 i mno ماها L اه دان1 vu اباب uuu wY 614 Luv wv vuu cultivators on "crcdit salo" or paid for by “taccanı "advances which should be liberally given for this purposo in the long staplo « block". Olher melhods of improving seed supply 'fication" d to 189110 on growers which 18 Bombay Government ginung factory at Mirpurkhas, as proposed in the scheme cor me uuveiop ment of agricultural engineering in Sind, submitted to Government under my office letter No. 161 of 1933, dated 26th July 1933, would facilitate and intensify the efforts of the Department in providing good seed of improved cotton varieties to growers in the 2.- -... 1 T distribution and storage of Sowing sced, cte we * reserved" area scheme The cultivatic han thoso prescribed by schedule for cultuat bo went in Sind This will rent provinces and will ,"reserved "area which factors aro ot considerablo importance anu salu Lu Lulwuuni Importance of organised marketing. 21. When such schemes for the community 15 growing of one or more improved 1 ditions in the Barrage areas, where the majority of cui lavalls along deshi reuca A system of sale bears a quite in dequate relation to the numbUU YHUO U my staplo cotton over the short staple varieties when translated into lint prices. In the Barrage areas, under existing conditions of zamındarı cultivation, deshi cotton averages higher yields than the American varieties, and unless the grower of the latter, 1 e, American tyres, can obtain a reasonable premium for quality, it would not only be unreasonable but unjustifiable to endeavour to compel him to restrict his cultivation to the staple cotton varieties. This reasonable premium can only be obtained by improvement and organization of the marlcting of staple cotton in Sind leans of improrement of cotton marketing. nto the marketing and finance of cultivators' cotton tton Committee which o the villages to agents red that Co operativo . better outlet for their produce. I consider that such a step is essential in cujus with the establishment 99 Itnano nn ·62 > or of a reserved area" for staplo cotton cultivation. The increase of ginning facilities, which is rapidly taking place in the Barrage areas, will tend to increased competition and earlier disposal of the crop. Further improvement in marketing will result from (a) the introduction of sales of « mark “ brand bales (reference paragraph 18 above), () the establishment of auction sales of cotton produced in the reserved " area, and (c) the extension of a system of lint sales among the growers. These matters have already been dealt with briefly in this note. I have only to suggest further that the large potential consumers of Sind-American cotton would benefit and would assist in accelerating the increase of pure staplo cotton cultivation in the Barrage areas-by the cstablishment of a direct purchasing agency in the “reserved" area and the association of such an agency with co-operative organizations of growers, e.g., cotton sale societies, and with selected ginning factories. Communications and ginning factory facilities. 23. Finally, the Resolution of the Special Sub-Committeo contains a roforenco to improvomont of communications and ginning factory facilities in the “reserved ” arca. The first of these problems is alrcady receiving the attention of Government and I have only to suggest that, when a schemo for road development has been drawn up and finances for such work provided, the “reserved” area of Thar Parkar district south of the Jodhpur Railway line should receive priority in such improvement of communications as may be undertaken. With regard to ginning factory facilitics, the bulk of new factory construction within the past two years has taken place within the boundaries of the “ reserved area and I do not consider that any special action is needed to stiniulate further development in this direction at present. On the other hand, it is essential that tho future construction of factorics in this arca should be carefully regulated to correspond with actual requirements otherwise a situation may arise which will bo detrimental to the best interests of the growers. Suggested action to be taken. 24. In conclusion, 1 beg to suggest that the undernoted action might be takon, if approved, on tlio Resolution of tho Special Sub-Committee:- (a) A copy of this noto-or an abstract of the main points dealt with thoreinmay be referred to the Special Sub-Committee for consideration and opinion. I have recently been appointed a member of this Sub-Committee and would altend to explain or amplify any of the points under considoration. The Special Sub-Committeo should bo asked to advise in more detail on the methods they have to suggest for giving offoct to the terms of their Resolution. (6) The Resolution (and, if considered necessary) a copy of this note should be reforred to the Sind Cotton Committee for opinion. The next meeting of this Committee will take place in Juno 1934. (c) A copy of this note may be sent to the Collector of Thar Parkar district and to the Chief Engineer in Sind for opinion. (d) A reference should be made to the Indian Central Cotton Committee on the point raised in paragraph 10 of this note. (e) The Remembrancer for Logal Affairs may be consulted with reference to the possibility of the application of a modified form of the Madras Cotton Control Act (1932) to prohibit the cultivation of deshi cotton in the reserved” area and to the introduction of legislation for the licensing of gins and presses in Sind (reference paragraphs 14 and 17-18]. (f) The Chiof Engineer in Sind may be asked to reconsider the possibility of the abolition of the March closure of the irrigation canals or its modification so as to ensure a supply of irrigation water to the “reserved aroa " from the 15th March onwards (reference paragraph 16 (6)]. (g) The Revenue Department and possibly the Finance Department will have to be consulted with regard to the proposal for the enhancement of the assessment of deshi, i.e., short staple cotton cultivation in the “reserved (reference paragraph 16 (c)]. (h) A note on the" Licensing of gins and presses " is attached. This matter must receive early attention (reference paragraph 17): (i) The proposals for the use of Government“ marks” or “brands” on bales of pure staple cotton in licensed factories may be referred to the Indian Central Cotton Committee and to cotton trade organizations for opinion [reference paragraph 18). area ·63 ure" (1) Thomas should be asked to advise on the .tions for seed supply and for cotton " (referenco paragraphe 20 and 22] (k) The proposals contained in the scheme for the development of agricultural engineering in Sind relating to the appointment of an Agricultural Engineer in Sind and the re opening of the Government Ginnery at Mirpurkhas require early Action (reference paragraph 20] (1) The possibility of the introduction of auction sales of cotton in the reserved requires detailed examination The Directors of Agriculture, Bombay and Punjab, may be roferred to for advico in this connection based upon similar organization in these I'rovinces in the past (reference paragraph 22). (m) The possibility of the establishment of "Jireet purchasing agencies within the "reserva area” may be referrod to large consumers, eg, the Bombay Mill owners Association for opinion (n) The question of the improvement of communications in the reserved aren" should be examined as soon as the Report of the Government of India's Road Engineer (Mt. Stubbs) on rond development in Sud is neceived (Signed) W. J JFNKINS, Karachi, 17th April 1934. Chief Agricultural Officer in Sund. Note on proposnls for Licensing of Cotton Canning and Pressing Factories 1. m! 1 (6) Licenses should only be granted on certain conditions and should be withdrawn for breach of those conditions and on proof of such malpractices as damping, mixing and adulteration; (+) all ginning and pressing factories should be Lrought under the operation of the Factory Act and required to take out licenses, irrespective of the number of hands employed; (d) licenses should be withdrawn by the Local Government on the recommendation of the Central Committee (te, the Indian Central Cotton Committee) after the procedure laid down (reference paragraph 229 of Report of Indian Cotton Committee, 1919) has been followed, (e) butable penalties should be imposed in the case of factories working without taking out a license or after a license has been withdrawn." 2. The conditions proposed by the Indian Cotton Committee for licensing of gins 3. The recommendations of the Central Cotton Committee were circulated to Local Governments for opinion and the replies received, together with a draft Bill for the 1 + : bring the system of licensing into force unless it was required and no province could bring ·( should be asked to underinke Jerislation at :111!1 ly cafe on the lines of the drait Bill submitted by the Committee for the insulation of vinand pule mand is the compulsory marking of linles, maintenance of icinds of ou16ship and juniorical statistical roluns, 1. At tho Soventh Meoling of the Central Cotton Committee (January 1924), certain criticisms of the Government of Indin on the enabling van:0 for licensing: included in the draft bill were considered. The criticism, Iofered mainly to the lefinition of specific offences for which licenses might be 11-Jender and to the nature and enforroment of the penalties in connection with suspensions. The criticisan1": fy heo examineri isy Chic Local Sub-Coinmittee of the Control Cotion Committee who ricoumbird that thic ofiences for which licenscs may lio suspender should be sous :- (1) Tlc mixing of two or more poparato pescriptions of cofion, tlıc: mixing of whirli has been prohibitel liye notification under 2114 Sof the draft bill. (2) Fraudulent packing (as definere by the 1st Tulin Cotton As ociation). (3) Damping cotton by means of water cleliburately applirri for at purpo:c prior to pressing when such durpin!! Jia- Pori'll conclusively proved, The Sub.Committco, in its report, ::841) lenlt with judicial procedure in the matter of susponsion of licensos, penaltics, ctc., and pointed out that licensink of gins and presses in the Sudan was already in forex on a mul norr drautir self than was proposed in the draft bill. The modifications sulgested by the Government of India were accepted 13 the Local Sub-Committco felt "that it was of the itinni innostanee that the enabling auto should not be omittail and were arrood that it witirittoor lo nalily it now than to risk it being omitted by Government (lir. 1.1. (irontlom, J.L.C., Virca President, Indian Control Cotton Committee). 5. Discussions took place between m•mbers of the Centrul Cotion Committeo and roprosentatives from thic Punjab nt, Indore (Merch 1:1) and Simin (Juno 19241) at which the proposals for licensing of gins and present hielt had arou' cd vonsiderabilo upposition in to Punjab-merc discussed. report of the discussions was submitted to tho Central Cotton Coinuitteo in July 1921, when the undernnten Resolutions incrc parsed, only three members dissenting- “That the Central Cotton Committcr, after having piton full consideration to the proceedings of it meeting of cotton Toners, ginorum trader with members of the Provincial Cotton Committee (Punjalı) licld at labore on the 190 Jarehe 1924, and to to proceedings of the Provincini Cotton Committee (Punjab) borld 26 Simla on the 23rd June 1924, is convinced that the licensing of gins and preses will provide the only romely for mixing in the Punjab, that is likely to have immediate and practical eficci. The Committee also wishes to impro4s upon the Government of India tho desirability of putting the Gins and Presses Bill before the Lorusilniure with its little delay as possible." 0. At the Ninth Meeting of the Centrai Cotton Committeo thc Vice-President (Mr. V. A. Grantham) reported that the Cotton Ginning and I'ressing Factories Bill liad been introduced at the September Session of the Legislative Assembly and circulutei for opinion. The Bill was identical with the draft finally submitted by the Central Cotton Committee except that the important enabling clause (permilling Local Gorernments to introduce a system of actual licensing) had been omilla. Illias been ſell that the inclusion of this clause would projudice the chances of the whole Bill being accepted and that the question of licensing could be taken up later if it was still found necessary. 7. The Cotton Ginning and Prossing I'actories Act. (1925) was passed by the Legislative Assembly in March 1925, and, at the request of the Government of India, the local Sub-Commitice of the Indian Central Cotton Comunitico submitted a draft of the rules under the Act for consideration. These draſt rules woro considered by the Contral Cotton Committee in July 1925, and a Cotton Ginning and 'ressing Factories Sub-Committee was appointed for the purpose of dealing with matters, icferences, cto., atrising from the application of the Act. 8. The Central Cotton Committcc discussed the question of malpractices in cotton presses, i.e., watering and mixing in July 1927, when the undernoted Resolutions were passed :- “That in view of the continuance of malpractices in cotton ginning and pressing factories, the question of introducing the actual licensing of such factories should now be re-examined."

·65 "That the Cotton Ginning and Pressing Tactories Sub Committee be requested to report to the next meeting of the Central Cotton Committee (a) in what areas malpractices are so prevalent as to make necessary the licensing of cotton gipning and pressing factories, (6) for what offences licenses should be suspended or revoked, (c) low such offences are to be defined and proved, and (d) what machinery should be set up for controlling licenses and for dealing with offences," 9 In December 1927, & report from the Cotton Ginning and Pressing Fantor a mised, watered or seedy Cotton Committee accej further investigation, it i tions is not feasiblo at legisla measures will Committee wero informeu by the representatives of Hyderabad and Indore States that the Governments of these States had passed rules under the State Cotton Ginning and Preasing Factories Act, penalising by closure of the factory concerned or by fine, the mixing or adulteration of cotton in factories within the State's jurisdiction All ginning and pressing factories in these two States are required by law to take out a license. 10 In December 1930, the Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind placed a note on some of the more important and imminent problems connected with the future development of cotton cultivation in Sind under the Lloyd Barrage before the Indian Central Cotton Committee Section C of this note dealt with "the problem of the gihning and pressing factories " and included the paragraphs given below "With the establishment of perennial irrigation in Sind which will shortly become an mittee of 10 of the succ dealt with 1 and the pri largely der for purity buu LAWSUww www walu Wu Wu u LALU LOLLU BALLOot India and of the world. As one very important condition towards achioying this end, I consider that the Introduction of a system of licensing of ginning and pressing factories on Sind as absolutely essential. This Committee is fully aware of all the arguments, both for and against such a system and the practical difficulties which have arisen in the past in this connection In sind in the future a9 in the Punjab at present, the cultivation of long and short hafa attention." 11 The note was considered by the Agricultural Research Sub Committee who stated in its report “The Sub-Committee desires to emphasize that the licensing of pins and presses in Sind 18 essential to the proper development of cotton growing in that Province, and hopes that a strong recommendation to this effect will be made by the Central Cotton Committee to the proper authorities ". The report was adopted by the full Conmittee -- rnvanth root -- of +1Indon Montent Matian Committeo (August The qucation bad replies received are To 141 . (a) Fast India Cotton Association, Lid, Bombny. Considers time inopportuno for fresh legislation towards licensing, in view of impending constitutional changes, p10-11 Bk Y 130--9 ·66 (6) JIillowners Associalion, Bombay.--Convinced that licensing logislation is necessary to check malpmcticos. (c) Indian Berchants' Chumbit, Bombay. Considery limo inopportune for licensing legirlntion. (dl) Karachi Chamber of Commerce, Karachi - Is not eversu to licensing of gins and prosses but desires roport by Committee of all interest involved as a proliminary stop. (c) Ahmelubul Millorners' Association, ahmedabu..In invour of logislation towards licensing to clicck mnlpractices, 1.9., mixing of different variotics. () Tuticorin Chamber of Commerce, T'uticorin. In ſit vour of legislation towards licensing of gins and presses and towards preventing growth of inixturo in tho ficlds. (9) Upper India Chamber of Commerce, Carnporc. In favour of legislation towards licensing of gins and pressen. (1) Bombay Chamber of Commerce, Bombay.--Strongly in invour of licensing legislation. (0) Karachi Indian Icrchants' Associnlion, kurarli...Strongly opposed to licensing legislation. 13. Refcronco to the discussion which took place on the subject of licensing of gins and presses at the Central Cotton Committee meeting shows that the introduction of licensing legislation was generally supported by the reprezentatives of the cotton-growers, tho millowziors and the Agriculturní Departments and opposed by the in-on nois on the main ground that all mixing dill not tuko zince in the factories and that the gin-ouners would bo penaliscd for malpractices over which they had no control. The Committcc finally passed tho undernoted Resolution: "That the Indian Central Cotton Commitico re-aflirms its Resolution of 1024 (SCC parngraph 5 above) reconumending to the Government of Indir that the Cotton Ginning and Pressing Factories det sliouk contain is clause providing for the licensing of gins and presses and thint this clause should be modo oportive on ench provinco by Resolution of tho Provincial Legislntive Councils." · 14. In Sind, the reguintion of gins and presses in the Barrazo areas was discussed at the Second Meeting of the Sind Cotton Committee (January 1933) when a Sub. Committoo was appointed to consider the question and report nt the next mecting. The Roport of the Sub-Committee, which was adopted by the full Committco, included a rocommendation that tho Cotton Ginning and Pressing Factories Act should bo amended in order to give enabling powers to Local Governments to introduco legislation, 1.c., licensing of gins and presses in the future, should such action be found adrisable in the interests of the cotton-growers. APPENDIXIII. SUBJLOT 14-Half-yearly Report of the Publicity and Propaganda Officcr. If tho demands on the corvicos of the Publicity and Propaganda Dopartment is any critorion of the growing usefulness and appreciation of its activities, then it may bo claimed without any appearance of oxaggeration that tho Dojurtment bas progressed a long way towards tho rcalisation of the hopes ontertained at the timo tho Dopartment was inaugurated. Requests for assistance Trom the Provincial Departments of Agriculture for the purposes of furthering schemes of propaganda, and requests from scientific, trado, agricultural and other associations as well as individnals interested in the production, markoting and manufacturo of cotton, for informational matter for enlichtonmont on findings of scientific interest as well as practical importance, indicated the greater use made of this section of the Committee's actirities. · Turning to press propaganda in.tho country, there was not one first class daily newsraper in India which did not contain a record of or referenco to the work of the Committee as broadcast by the Publicity. Department. The pumber of applications received for the Press Communiqués as a result of the intense interest evinced in the various lines of research in this basic industry proved sometimes to bo & source of embarrassment to thio Department. Notable Events. The most notable instances of propaganda campaigns in the realm of “ field propaganda", besides a large variety of Publicity and Propaganda work carried ont in other directions during the half year under roport, are propaganda for (a) the ·67 1 sign стор. 1 1 to, the Department wrote in paragraph 8 tary, Indian Central 14 1 "Tho Publicity Officer after seeing the very good. leaflets and bandbills which Besides a number of articles in the daily created wide interest in the subject of Cotton Boll worm Control Scheme" These campaigns would have been difficult to attempt but for the free and checrful co operation of tho Director of Agriculture, Bombay Presidency, and the Chief Agri cultural Officer in Sind who had always been found ready and willing to help That the mnthusiastic aces, is a hindling So close 12 Alr MY. 1 T 10 il D. 11 - Tavarmant nomm ninated to onttan securing improved strains of cotton by selection an inrestigation of crop growth, entomological for stud, pests and measures to combat them, and mycological for finding out ways to aroid loss due to wilt and root rot. This work is continuous The knowledge gained influences the groter and the trade It emphasises old truths as well as new, so that farm practice may be brought as closely 89. possible into harmony with scientific research During the half year under report informational publicity gave special attention to the broadcasting of the Commutfee's work in Madras It aided in calling the attention of the authorities and the Government to the enormous loss resulting to the cotton crop from the cotton stem weevil las not yet cal plants 9 it is c&so of The e .. Guided by information furnished through the publishing of results from the Aladras en not in ha lan. outcome. 7 1 Foreign Propaganda The half year now ending bas been remarkable for propaganda in Great Britain and #1 i nas in leaning them tell stimony lu luu tubLLLS 114 on Trado Journal Umuted F", London, "The Textile hester, “The Textile Janu. he matersal furnished by tho ·68 In thus dissominating knowledge regarding Indian cotton lo tho outside textile world, through to columns of forcim papiera nud journals, tho Pullirity Department linextriven to promote porunnontly the end of procursion, 1. F., c'onsumptinn. l'ress Communiqués and ollicr important publications were font, among other organisationfi, 10 all Spinners' Associations, both local and forcign so that their constituencies might absori, miore and moro of the Indinn growth. Anong important organisations, which rercivert the publicity materini, mny bo mentioned the Larachire Indian Cotton Committer, Manchester, Internationnl liederntion of Master Cotton Spinnery' and Monuincturers' Associntions, Manchester, l'inc Cotton Spinnrrs' nnd Doublets' Associntion, Lti., Cheshire, Oldham Master Cotton Spinnors' Associntion, Oldham, British Assoriation of Managers of Textile Works, Bolton, United Textile inctory Workers' Ascocintion, Oldham, Japan Cotton Trading Company, Bombay. Go:lio linbusbili knislin, Lid., Bombny, Sri Krislin Hills, Ltd., Vysore, Toyo Menkun Krisha, Ltd., Boinbay, cte. Propaganda lo promote colton Cuillition on Indus Right Bank Arens, Propaganda for the extension of improved cotteri on tlir right innk 13474riser Indus under perenninl irrigation assured by the Lloyal Barrage Comis was undertaken among urowers on an extensive scale. A finely printed, colour illustrated pamphlet with exrellent get-up indicating (o) the improved type of Punjah-American (13-)S) being more suitable for this tract than 27 1. N. (improvec Deshi), (b) scedente nndirrigntion and (c) time and method of sowing, was preparcd for the occasion nnd 1,600 copies were distributed in the Sind airn. Tho Publicity Officer took tho opportunity of his visits to Sind to carry on propaganda among the growers on the spot and thus to further the progress of the campaian. Tho Publicity Officer is well satisfied that his jx•rsonnd visit: hare greatly facilitated huis work which indeed 'rrinot be carried on rigoronly unless constant touch is maintained with local conditions. Tho visit was supplemented by Press Propaganda and an illustrnted article in the “Sind Observer "and in onc of thio vernaculnr incni dnilies to interest the public in cotton cultivation and its dovelopment in Sind, and so to create a favourable setting for the activitics of those who aro charged with the work on the spot. Tho campaign roccircd gonerous support from the Press throughout the Province, and in the editorini and news columns the newspapers gnro prominence to the Committee's propagand plans. This indicated a sympnthetic understanding of the work of tho Commitice in Sind and its uiltimato objcctivo. A popular illustrated leafleton tho"Improvoment of collon in Sind "was issucd by the Publicity Dopari ment, describing the work of improvement on cotton at Sakrund and the extension of improved serd with financinl assistance from the Indian Central Cotton Committco. It dcals with tho improved strains cvolved from the four main classes of cotton, viz., Punjab-Americans.imported Americans, Sim Doshi and iniported Egyptiuns. The improved strains cvolved on account of better yield, higher ginning percentage or superior quality by botanical clcction and stabilization are the 13-98.28!11!, Son Island! 2-4, Boss III-16 and 27 W.N. A considerable number of copics of this pamphlet were distributed widely among cotton associutions, trade organisations and district and tahsil agricultural associations in Sind. Nor wns thic Publicity Department unmindful of the interests of the foreign cotton growing, trading and manufacturing organisations, Iccauro copies of this important leaflct were sent to all countries consuming Indian cotion in Europo, United States of America, China, Japan, East Africa, Malayn and Australia. The campaign rocoired further stimulus by the issuing of an attractively designed poster ontitled “It pays to grow cotton in Sind” with a viow to bringing appreciably larger areas under cotton on tho Indus Right Bank. The poster draws the attention of the cultivators to the fact that while thic grower of jowar gets only Rs. 20 per acre and Wo grower of rice obtains only Rs. 30 per acre, the grower of cotton prospers with Rs. 50 per acre. Although the Publicity and Propaganda Dopartment's work was limited to the display of these posters on the Right Bank areas of river Indus, such an insistent demand for this poster has come from all over tho country and also from Europe and America that within the limits of the stock available, frec issue had to be confined only to special cases. Indeed both in design and usefulness this posicr has been considered to be so nearly porfect that the force of its appeal cannot but drive its message homo to the literate and illiterate, old and young alike. Sir Richard Jackson was much impressed by the poster and expressed a wish that it should be given wide publicity in England and other Europcan countries. Accordingly photographs were taken of this poster and sent to various papers for reproduction along with descriptive notes. The “Textilo Recorder", Manchester, the "Textile Weekly ·69 Manchester, the “Textile Manufacturer" Manchester, the “Textile Indostry", Ahmedabad, the "Indian Textile Journal", Bombay, tho Times of India" and the "Bombay Chronicle", Bombay, and the “ Hindustan Times ", Delhi, enhanced the immense potential value of the poster by giving a prominent place to the poster in their mages with the explanatory notos. Encouraging culturalion of Jayavant. The Publicity Department has pursued during the halt year a similar campaign of - ntofpranna in loonmata nmnt. Tihm Broach Clean-up Campaign. 41 wah during the 1101! y al unui ICUL IL LUMIIY MULA VULVALUYU AU -1 PAL Committee The programmo included "Get more money for your cotton crop exterminate the Boll worm" in the handbill depicting the plant puller at work and showing the advantages of our project by means of Illustrations of a protected and unprotected plant the Publicity Department was able to induce the ma843g to labo advantage of the valuable information contained therein and improve their economic well being Whilo dealing with propaganda through the use of posters at is interesting to record that because of tlier successful display, the demand for the poster cntitled "India's Bid for Supremacy in the World's Cotton Marlete' having far exceeded the stoch arailable, third edition was printed in English, Hindi, Gujerati, Marathi, Sınalır, Urda, Gurmukhi, Kanarese and Tamil The printing of a Telugu version for the cotton growing fracts like Cudappal, Kumool and Bellary of tho Nadras Presidency is under preparation. Leaflets. In addition to tho propugındı actis dies the Department furtherul 118 cducations) cfforts by contmung to issuo printed publications to bre udenst lindings of great cconomic 111 portanco. T'ho leaflets were - in tin TrolyKanucco and Muratluat the 29 leaflot describes tho omittec in co-operation dem,h 1911) Buru to evoli 11181 str.un of Gaorani cotto present strain. Copies of this leaf Alzam's Government, the Director Botanist, Parbhanı, and to those (2)." Institute of Plant Industry". --This illustrated leallct printed in Ilındı and Marathi dels with the fundamental causes which led to the formation of the Maut - potpimt cotton IcNi011 import- 1. da 211 1 9) D. Wasto into a of Hindi and Marathi tere printed and the Director ut lut immunen. as supplied with a sufficient number for free distribution.

·70 (3)“ Verum Coilon”. -This Hindi leaflet describes the co-operative scheme started in 1930-31 with the object of securing an adequate price for the growers and maintaining supplies of pure sced. 1,200 copies of this have been printed and a large number was forwarded to the Director of Agriculture, Central Provinces, for distribution. They were sent to the vernacular presses as well. (4) Copies of the illustrated leaflet in Gujerati entitled "Get more money for your cotton crop by removing roots with a plant puller and thus cxterminate the Boll-worm" were reprinted for distribution in the Broach district. An illustrated handbill featuring the plant puller at work and a protected and unprotected plant was also reprinted - to accompany the leaflet, Summary of Proceedings".-A summary of the discussions of the subjects that came up for consideration at the 28th meeting of the Indian Central Cotton Committee held in Bombay on the 29th and 30th January 1934 was again prepared by the Publicity Officer in a less formal manner for the benefit of members of all Chambers of Conimerce, Trade Associations, Co-operative Societies and others. The demand for publicity literature continues to be heavy. Dichibitions and Shows. During the period with which this report deals, the Publicity Department has again to its credit an excellent record of displaying cottons and yarn exhibits from improved Indian cottons. In April last, the Department took part in the “ All-India Khadi Exhibition ", Bombay, under the joint auspices of the Bombay Swadeshi League and the All-India Spinners' Association. In compliance with a request from the Secretary of the Exhibition Committee, 16 samples of kapas with an equal number of lint samples from the following cottons were attractively exhibited, in containers with well-designed labels which compelled attention, with a view to popularizing the use of these cottons : (1) Jayavant, (2) Gadag I, (3) Surat 1027 A.L.F., (4) Wagad 8, (5) 4F, (6) Punjab- American 289F, (7) Mollisoni, (8) Aligarh A19, (9) C. 402 (Madhoganj), (10) Verum 262 (Nagpur), (11) Verum 262 (Akola), (12) Umri Bani, (13) Cambodia Co. 2, (14) Nandyal 14, (15) Hagari I and (16) Karunganni C7. About a dozen posters “ India's Bid for Supremacy in the World's Cotton Markets", "It pays to grow cotton in Sind”. and “Encouraging Jayawant in preference to local Kumpta ” were displayed. The Exhibition lasted for a fortnight and provided an almost ideal opportunity of bringing home to enormous number of people who visited it, the pre-eminent importance of cotton in developing the indigenous industry of the country and in making finer goods in India, which has been a prerogative of other nations for many decades. A large number of people showed great interest in the Exhibits of the Indian Central Cotton Committee, and it is pleasant to record that our enterprise was rewarded by many enquiries from traders and from the public regarding the various types of Indian cottons used in Indian mills and exported to foreign countries in which they were interested, especially in view of the low prices now obtainable for cotton. Publicity literature was distributed to interested visitors. Demonstrations on the spinning performances of the various cottons exhibited were given by an assistant from the Technological Laboratory and a statement showing the spinning details of each of: the cotton samples was distributed freely to crowded audiences. The wholehearted co-operation of the Indian Central Cotton Committee in the Exhibi. tion was acknowledged in a letter from the Secretary of the Exhibition who, inter alia, said « ..My Committee desire me to express their sincere thanks to the Indian Central Cotton Committee for their co-operation and help in making the Exhibition a complete success”. "I should like to add an expression of my gratitude for all the advice and assistance which you afforded me during the Exhibition and for answering questions of a technical nature regarding the agricultural improvements effected in Indian cottons in a language understandable by the layman. These and other matters of interest to cotton growers, tradesmen and manufacturers which were the subject of your talks were, I am glad to add, greatly appreciated by all sections of people! “Indore Exhibition"...Another Exhibition in which the Publicity Department participated was the Indore Exhibition held in March under the patronage of the Government of His Highness the Maharaja Holkar of Indore. Publicity material, including posters, pamphlets and leaflets, etc., were freely distri. buted among cotton cultivators, traders and businessmen. 6 1 ·711 A leaflet describing the work of the Institute of Plant Industry, Indore, on the improvement of cotton was read' with special interest "Agricultural Show at Chilod, ".- the Publicity Department participa 22nd, 23rd and 24th of March by Chihodi A demonstr. Scheme of Jayavant Agriculture, Dhartar M C, Dharwar A special poster designed to assist the Bombay Department of Agriculture in the extension of Jayawant" in the Dharwar area in preference to local Kumpta was displayed and 1 w at Lee.m.L11 1 a -J41 11 Enquiries. "As regards your publicity work" observes Sir Richard Jackson, Chairman of the Lancashire Indian Cotton Committee, Manchester, "I think your reports give the public & valuable idea of the time, money and effort devoted to the product, the cultivation and marketing of which we have so much at heart". A large number of enquiries were received and attended to by this Department of the Committee from this country as well as from abroad Tho British Cotton discussed in the press As a correspondent of one of the biggest German textile papers Der Konfektionar" and other leading economic reviews, I shall be very glad to get from you some informative material on Indian cotton, perhaps also photos All the published information on the subject was accordingly supplied as also some of the leaflets and press communiqués which were of interest, Enquiries of this lind from distant 1 Press Communiqués. Communiqués on the following subjects by the Department received tide publicity in & large number of newspapers in all parts of India - Pomous of the seth mostonn of the Indian Central Cotton Committee -A short ntral Cotton played by ast, and its prominent place in the future relations of the two nations. (2) The harmful effects of cholam on succeeding cotton crop - Indicates the results To 13 - AL-Cab mafinen huetho Ind - ·72 the to (4) Review of the Annual Report of the Indian Central Cotton Committee, Bombay, for the year ending 31st August 1933.-A summary describing the activities of the Committee ; legislation for the better growing and marketing of cotton, compilation of cotton statistics of value to the trade, research directly carried on under its auspices and others promoted by the grant of subsidies to Departments of Agriculture in the Provinces and States, Seed Extension Schemes and the publicity and propaganda to create and stimulate public interest in the growth and fortunes of cotton, the most important money crop in India. (5) Pempheres and Physiological Scheme.-Deals with the entomological and physiological investigations that are being carried out into the methods of fighting out the cotton stem-weevil-an important pest in the Madras Presidency, and at ascertaining the causes for the greater damage by the pest on some cotions than on others. (6) Madras Herbaceum Scheme.-Gives in short the efforts made by the Committee. to evolve by breeding methods a suitable strain possessing the yield, ginning and spinning qualities of Karunganni, combined with the colour and root system of Uppam and the results so far obtained. (7) Madras l'odder Cholam Scheme. A note on the investigation into the harinful effects of fodder cholam when compared with cumbu on the succeeding cotton crop and the method of attack on the problemi from the points of soil moisture, soil nitrogen, distribution of cholam and cumbu roots in the soil and the rate of their decomposition and the important findings thereof. (8) Development of Cambodia cotton in Coimbatore District.Deals with the condition rf Cambodia cotton crop in Coimbatore district prior to 1918-19 and the lines of development thereafter. In addition to the communiqués mentioned above, a special series of articles drawing attention to the Technological Laboratory's work at Matunga in the following directions were issued : (1) High Draft System of Spinning and their importance to Trade (2) Yarn testing and its importance to cotton mills.-These two articles deal with the experiments conducted at the Technological Laboratory of the Committee on spinning and yarn-testing, and the importance of the useful findings to trade and cotton mills. Promotion activities with respect to India's cotton production this year and thereafter. Another article also issued deals in the main with the Committee's research and seed extension schemes in progress and the prospective ones. Commercial Survey of Indian Cottons.—This article gives a short account of the various improved varieties of Indian cottons grown in the different parts of India. Its publication will be of interest to the trade. Tours. During the half year under report, the Publicity Officer visited Coimbatore, Koilpatti and other important centres in the Madras Presidency in connection with the work of the Committee. He attended the 5th meeting of the Sind Cotton Committee held on the 14th June at Karachi at which various steps which would help to accelerate the pace of demonstration and propaganda work in the Barrage area were discussed. He later made a tour of the important cotton centres in the Hyderabad district. These tours were found to be of great value in keeping the Publicity Officer in intimate personal contact with propaganda problems and enabling him usefully to contribute to the development of cotton in the light of the information collected during the tours. Future Programme. The most notable achievement of the Publicity and Propaganda Department of the Committee during the period under report has been the appreciable quickening of interest in the work of the Indian Central Cotton Committee among cotton growers who put the results of scientific investigations into practice. Excellent material progress has been made on the three active propaganda projects described in the preceding pages. By far the most important portion of the propaganda scheme is that relating to the improve. ment of the economic conditions of the grower and his national well-being. The work done has clearly shown that this type of beneficial activity is of such real consequenco to the agricultural population in the districts that ready appreciation will be forthcoming from even the illiterate peasantry of the advantages of iniprovements in cotion, ·73 • stigations that its ats Propaganda Department. findings. 1+1 $ catton, combating posts and expansion of improved varictics. It would likowise continue to 49925t the Chief Agricultural Oſicer in Sind in 619 endeavour to encourage cultivation of cotton on Indus Right Bank arcas, and for that purposo will issue a vernacular edition of the propaganda illustrated leaflet, with tho reproduction of tho Poster " It pays to grow cotton in Sind" on the front page. Nowspapers, ul information Tho Publicity Department may be allowed to convoy its thanks to offico bcators and members of the Committee for the encouragement it has received and to express tho loro that tho Provincial Departments of Agriculturo will continuo to give their co operation and assistance in the future, as they have done in tlo pist APPENDIX IV. SULJECT 19-Schemes of the Committee Report of the Special Mecling of 1gricultural Research Sub Committee. A memorandum on tho agricultural research schemes prepared of the Secretary at tho instanco of the Standing Finance Sub Committee was considered by that Sub Committeo at ita 126th meeting held on the 19th January 103-1, and refered to tho Indian Central Cotton Committre for further consideration in the light of tho Tenditure so far incurred on agricultural research, the future commitments of the Committee with regard to corrent schemes, and tho gencral financial position of the - Pa ito, at ito 28th meeting held on tho ' vrt on it from tlie Add -- 1 ton - PC EN Atli ind rased liy tlo attro along with the report of tho special meetuig of tho Agricultural aucun douwmatice. A special mecting of the Apocultural Research 9th Juno 1931, aon account of unaso: lallo Tho Sub Committee it on the 23th ard soth XO ILI BK Y 130-10

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·(4) Tbe consideration of the United Propinces Pink Bollworm Extension Scheme should bo put off till the scheme was finally adopted by the United Provinces Government. The following general policy in regard to schemes was olgo laid down A, AGRICOLTORAL RESEARCH, (!) Local Departments of Agriculture should, as hitherto, continue to submit research schemes, (2) A complete and thorough summary of the up to date work done and the knowledge gained on the problem in question in other parts of the world should accompany each scheme. (3) A special Sub Committee of expert members should be appointed to examine erery now bcheme and find out if, in preparing it, the off cer concerned had complied with item (2) and had taken into account all published worl, and consulted compotent authorities on the subject. (4) Hereafter the Committco's money should not bo spent where provincial money W29 available. (6) All entomological and mycological schemes should be scrutinised moro thoroughly and that whenever possiblo Universities should be invited to take up entomological and mycological problems and small schemes involving fundamental research Committeo should, after examining the new for the whole of the area having the same research should be carried out, and where sub stations, if necessary, should be opened. mi B. SEED DISTRIBUTIOY AND EXTENSION. MI ܕ Jlicy in regard to seed schemes 18 d be subjected to a very thorough с POBIICITY AND TROPAGANDA. Publicity and Propaganda scheme should be made permanent DINDOTE INSTITUTE. ** Tentent Diant Indnetre Indore durnitin rantarehin 1 1 5 . this period on propaganda work and compost, instead of research into cotton nn hafoun lo achieve th13 Institute, than f the Committee of the existing ng Body being therefore necessary, a report irom lue rlestuent in cual uuluunIVL Lught be It was also decided that it was necessary to have a Central Research Station for cotton and that for the present it should be the Institute, E GEVERAL 1 P. it TL that the larghi Sunta hod Duffering from Mr. Roberts regarding the alleged mismanagement of coss funds by the Standing Finance Sub Committee, the Sub-Committee placed on record ito deep appreciation of the work done by the Standing Finanec Sub Committee, ·76 APPENDIX V. SUBJECT 23. lcchnological Rescarch--Summary of Progress Report of the Dircclor, T'echnological Laboralory. PROGRESS REPORT (No. 22) OF TIIE DIPECTOR?, TECHNOLOGICAL LABORATORY. INTRODUCTION. This, the 22nd progress report, covers the period írom lst November 1933 to the 31st May 1934 and presents an outline account of the work done in the Laboratory during this seven months' poriod and from which it will be seen the Laboratory has once again maintained a high lovel standard of work done. The work so described is divided, as usual, undor tho following five licads :- I. Spinning Laboratory. II. Rescarch Laboratory. III. Moisture Testing Section. IV. Publications. V. General. I. SPIXXING LABORATORY. The total number of samples receired for test during this seven months' period are classified in the six categories shown in the follotring Inble No. I. Figuics for tho corresponding poriod of last year aro also given for the purpose of comparison :- TABLE I. Ist Norcmber 1933 to 31st May 1934. Ist Noremler 1932 to 31st May 1933. Agricultural Departments 200 202 Standard cottons 15 17 Trade samples 32 31 Fibre test samples 22 46 Yarn test samples 2 13 Special test samples 40 Total 311 424 Compared with the corresponding period of last year the total number of samples received at the Laboratory during the present seven months' period under review shots a decline of 113 samples the bulk of which are agricultural samples. Much of the late arrival of samples has been made up by the receipt of 75 agricultural samples within six days of the closing date of this period. The total number of samples spun during this present period exceeds the number received by 30 per cent. Little or no difference is recorded in the number of standard and trade samples received which shows these samples were received in time. The number of samples and lots spun either as a combined spinning and fibre test or as a spinning test only during this period is shown broadly classified in Table II. The ·number of separate spinnings, or counts spun, is also given for each of the mine classi. fications. Corresponding figures for the same period of last year are given in the table for comparison TABLE II. Samples Lots Counts Ist November 1933 to 31st May 1934 1st November 1932 to • 31st May 1933 1st November 1983 to 31st May 1934 1st November 1932 to 31st May 1933 1st November 1933 to 31st May 1934 1st November 1932 to 31st Day 1933 . 70 66 70 66 12 201 Bombay Punjab United Provinces. 8 39 8 39 2+ 117 6 7 6 7 18 20 Madras 44 28 44 28 133 83 Central Provinces. 9 5 9 5 27 15 Miscellaneous 08 36 CS 3C 207 111 Total 205 181 205 181 C21 501 Standard tests 15 17 20 34 168 188 Trade tests 32 25 32 25 88 06 87 46 Technological teats. 90 50 19 88 Grand Total 339 269 357 290 1,126 893 > The Spinning Laboratory, during this seven months' period under notice, has tested nearly 25 per cent. more samples and lots than were tested during the corresponding period of last year. the recent introductie No 3 Ring Frame; Bwaga samples. Yarn Testing Section.---This section has been very fully occupied making the necessary tests on the yarns spun in the Laboratory, and has, during the seven months' period, completed tests on 300 samples which include determination for the count, strength and twist of each yarn. The results of some of these tests are included in the Technological Circulars listed at Table on page 79 and others are incorporated in the many spinning test reports noted at Table II1, which are issued to the various agricultural officers concerned. TABLE III 1 st November 1933 to 31st May 1931 Ist November 1032 to 31st May 1933. Spinning Test Reports Tibre Yam 59 6 1 50 15 3 11 Total 66 GS Tablo III comprises the number of reports issued during the present period and comparativo figures for the same period of last year. Each of tho 59 spinning test reports include tho results of a combined spinning and fibro test and the six fibro test reports issued detail the resnlts of only the fibro tests.

·18 In addition to the reports issued to the many agricultural officers concerned not a few of the samples listed at Statement A abovo forms the material for tests of a special nature, These special tests are outlined below in the following four broadly classified groups :- I. Agricultural samples (i) Irrigation experiments. (i) Rotation experiments. (iii) Manurial oxperiments. (iv) Bukalasa cotton tests. (v) Standard Indian cottons, II. Fibre tests- (i) African cottons. (ii) Dokras cotton. III. Traile Tests (1) Millowners' and E. I. C. Association samplos. (ii) Dry and Damped cotton. (iii) Deterioration of Broach cotton stored at Bombay. (iv) Deterioration of stored cotton at Karachi. (0) Effect of compression in baled cotton. (vi) Storage effect on fibre quality. (vii) Storage effect on kapas before ginning. (viii) Deterioration of Broach cotton due to damping. (ix) Cloth samples. (2) Sized yarn samples. IV. Technological samplesom Experiments on the carding engine. (ii) Ginning experiments. (iii) Wax content and feel of cotton. 1. Agricultural samples. (i) Irrigation experiments.--The samples received from Bikaner, Sakrand and Coimbatore for this investigation were tested during the present period. The results are tentatively summarised as follows:- Bikaner.-Frequent and heavy irrigation resulted in better yield, higher ginning percentage and stronger yarns but the differences are not large. Sakrand. Regular irrigations gave slightly longer fibres; lò irrigations, as compared with 7, gave less immature fibres, less loss in processing the cotton and stronger yarns with fewer yarn breakages. Coimbatore.--Different spacings and irrigations are considered conjointly. Compared with the dry sample irrigation results in an increased yield of seed cotton, reduction in number of immature hairs and neppiness of yarns but shots no change in fibre length or fibre weight. (ii) Rotation experiments. In order to ascertain which rotation gave the best results the Cotton Specialist, Coimbatore, sent six samples for test which had been groin after cumbu, cholam, ragi, groundnut, fallow and green manure respectively. Considering both yield and spinning performance the green manure sample gave the best results with groundnut and fallow following next in order. A similar experiment was made by the Superintendent, Agricultural Research Station, Koilpatti, on five samples of Karunganni C7 which were grown after irangu,cumbu, pillipasara, set seed and "shot blade respectively. Previous tests had indicated that irangu lowered the spinning performance but the present test reveals no significant difference with the exception of the sample after pillipasara, which gave a longer fibre but slightly less even yarn. The other samples show no difference among themselves and all are slightly inferior to the control sample. (iii) Manurial experiments.-As mentioned in the Director's last progress report, & paper on the effect of manurial treatment on Cambodia Co. I cotton to investigate the type of manure and the amount of dressing to give the best results of yield and spinning performance with Cambodia was completed and read before the Indian Science Congress held in Bombay in January 1934. Another manurial test, noted in progress report No. 20, has been completed during the present period on Karunganni C7. Two different manures were applied in this case and both gave stronger yarns than the control sample. There was little to choose between the results of the two manured samples and the results of this test confirm those of tlie previous tests.

·79 (sv) Bukalasa collons-Spinning and fibre tests wero recently carried out on eight cottons submitted by the Agricultural Officer of the Bukalasa Esperimental Stations, Uganda This is the second year in succession that the Committee have permitted tests tri made on these cottons an important Talvus VAA > non al hulletin on the Standaru Lullus * gone out of cultivation these cottons will be Hagari 25 has been roplaced by Hagarı I II Fibre Tests t 1 2 e mean longiu cucu v Bombay Mlownors' Association to assist by sending LU Luv ! month three or four samples of these African cottons of fair average quality of thio 800son (11) Dokras Cotion Mr II omnia of cotton (recently evolved by tested and its results to be colup particular sample of Dokras was found to be about lo per lth do w than the standard Verum 262 III Trade Tests T. Ontton Association and the Millowners' Associations mayuntant male in Sop T As usual, been subjected to pass the respective circulars A list of these Technological circumis bwwww Bovca months is given below Cotton | Techno logical Circular No 1) sfc of 183110 110 111 119 113 Deceriler 1933 January 1934 Fobruary 1934. 19 9 1 Umri Bani Verum 262 (Alola), Khandesh (Bengals) Ujjain Punjab American 289 I Verum 262 (Nagpur) CP No 1 and Berar hhandesh Ujjain (Mandsaur) Moglas Punjab Amencan 4T Bluttis Latur and Nanded I[ublt Kumpts Tlublt Upland 10 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 192 193 March April ·80 Cotton, Technological Circular No. Date of issuo. 124 April 1934 1934 125 126 April May May 1934 Broach Surat Punjab-American Westerns Miraj Surat 1027 A.L.F. Hagari I Cambodia Co. 2 Gadag I (Dharwar-American) Surat Tiruppur Cambodia Tarm Y estorns Kumpta Jagadia 127 128 120 130 > May 1934 131 132 133 134 . (ii) Dry and damned collon.--The third sot of samples connccted with this investigation was recently dratrn from the thrce Amraoti bales kindly placed for the purpose at the disposal of the Laboratory by Messrs. Volkart Bros. Spinning tests were carried out on linos similar to those made in the first two sets of samples. Fibre tests on the cotton and tests on the spun yarns on this third set of samples are now being made. The fourth and last lot of samples will be drawn and tested in a similar manner after the lapse of a suitable period and the results will finally bo written up by tho Director on his return from leave. (iii) Deterioralion of Broach collon-Tho Board of the East India Cotton Association approved of the recommendation of their Moisture Tests Committee that, having regard to the general view of the Trade that Broach cotton tends to deteriorate more rapidly than other types of Indian cotton, the Technological Laboratory should be invited to investigate this problem and ascertain the cause (s) responsible for this noted deterioration of Broach cotton. The Laboratory accordingly purchased one bale of Broach (Palej) cotton. The first of the series of tests have recently been carried out comprising fibre and spinning tests. Further samples will be drawn from the bale at intervals of six months each and similar tests will be made. It will then be possible to decide if any deterioration has taken place in the grade and strength of this particular cotton. (iv) Deterioration of cotton stored at Karachi. In accordance with the arrangement mentioned in the Director's progress report No. 20 a third set of six samples was drawn from six of these bales three of which are stored in open plinths and three in a godown at Karachi. One of the Junior Testers from the Laboratory proceeded to Karachi in April and drow the samples. Spinning and fibre tests were made on these samples on exactly similar lines as on the previous occasion after they had been valued by the Special Appeal Committee of the East India Cotton Association. A fourth and last test on similar lines is to be made in October after which it will be possible for the Director to summarise the results of the four experiments. (v) Effect of compression in baled cotton.-The high degree of donsity to which cotton is pressed in baling was considered as a possible cause of the observed neppiness of 289-T cotton. The Committee at their last meeting in January approved that an investigation of this problem should be accordingly undertaken. For this purpose three bales of 289-F were specially prepared ; and the scope of the experiment was extended by including three bales similarly prepared at Amraoti from Berar cotton. Each cotton was pressed into three bales of the same size but in which the weight of cotton differed being 400 lbs., 300 lbs., and 250 lbs. respectively. Initial samples drawn from these sis bales have been subjected to the spinning and fibre tests and it is proposed to repeat this procedure after a lapse of four months. (vi) Storage effect on fibre quality.--Rao Bahadur Tharumal Bilaram, a member of the Sind Cotton Committee, submitted 10 samples of cotton to the Laboratory with a view to investigate the phenomenon of the heating of seed cotton when openly stored in bulk such being the prevailing practice in certain areas of Sind. He believes that the fibre deteriorates in quality and also that the germinating power of the seeds are affected, ·81 The Director, Dr. Ahmad, commnningte mouth tha ih ne tre 1 - 1 (tri) Deterioration of Broach collon due to damping - The Technological Research Sub Committee accepted the recommondation of the Moisture Tests Committee of the le bale under the super tras pressed dry. water for one bale; 8 lby UL QIEL 101 the seconu vaid; &n4 d. 109. tor the third bale. Spinning and fibre tests have already been made on 13 lb samples of each of the four lots and further samples will be drawn from the three bales and similar tests made after a lapse of four months and this proceduro will be repeated again twice at intervals of four months each. Unlike the Amrnoti bales mentioned at (11) above the amount of water added to these Broach bales was known and determined beforehand. IV. Technological Samples. thanhlam Lah Thamanan onnin range of yam counts and cotton of vastly different character. Certain features connected with these tests are noted in the Physics Section below (13) Ginning tests Recently tho Cotton Research Botanıst, Lyallpur, ginned kapas of Lollison, 4F, 289 F and Early Strain on the saw and roller gun and sent the 8 lots of lint to the Laboratory to be tested. With the exception of Mollisoni the saw ginned CAL to the main Two samples of Gaorani Lapas vero also ginned in the Laboratory on the saw and tho Toler gin. The four lots of lint have been spun and the yams now await to be tested (1) Tax content and feel of a cotton --The results of this investigation were embodied in Bulletin Series B, No 18 This Bulletin was issued during the period under review and & bref summary of its contents is given below in the Publication Section II. RESEARCH LABORATORY Fibre Testing Section - This section has been very fully occupied during the present period and has completed tests on 224 different samples The staff of this section have also prepared oxhibits for the India House in London consisting of 21 Baer Sorter specimens of the present season's Standard Indian Cottons and also 8 halo specimens of combed seeds selected from these cottons Physics Section Dr. Hari Rao bas made good progress with his own particular problem which deals with the effect of the “Variation in the strength of cotton fibres with twist "-each fibre so tested is subjected to different degree of axial twist and its resultant strength noted with each degree of twist He has so far completed tests on 20 2. Verum, Mollisoni and A19 partially, and tests on Banilla and Hagari will be Mr. D F. Kapadia --The general problem of the effect of “ Different carding engine pranisations on the quality of the resulting yarns" was begun in June 1931 by 1 tl ond the last test of the series was completed undertaken in due course A rom teeta vere made separate spinnings 32,600 Lea and Pull tests and 32,600 Ballistic tests wero made on these Jarns for strength together with 64,000 determinations for count Besides this, 649 determinations of fibre distribution and fibre weight were made on the sliver, flat raste And Licker in liv. MO 11 Bk Y 130-11 ·82 66 $ Mr. R. S. Koshal has continued his part time study of the phenomenon of " fuorescence of the Standard Indian Cottons when subjected to the rays of ultra-violet light." Side by side with this investigation he has also recently undertaken a study of the effect of weather on the quality of the Standard Indian Cottons "; and, for this purpose, all the agricultural officers concerned have been invited to kindly furnish the Laboratory with records of rainfall and temperature that has prevailed on their respective farms, from where the cottons were received, during the past ten seasons. Mr. C. Nanjundayya is now writing an account of his recent investigation of the “Relationship between fibre strength and length-grade of cotton fibres” with a view to its publication in due course. Of the two problems mentioned in the last progress report, viz., The absorption of moisture by cotton under different degrees of compression and “The rate of absorption of moisture by different Indian varieties ", Mr. Nanjundayya has so far completed his examination of two cottons in the loose state. Dr. R. N. Mathur before relinquishing his post, the term of which ended on 16th May 1934, submitted a brief account of the results of his measurements of ribbon width of five Standard Indian Cottons and also a short account of his “ measurements of fibre density " made on 12 of these Standard Cottons and one Sea Island Cotton. Chemistry Section.--Mr. D. L. Sen has continued his work on the “absorption of subgtantive dyes by the Standard Indian Cottons” of the last season. He is, at present, determining the wax content of the same cottons in order to find out the co-relation, if any, between the amount of dye absorbed by these cottons and their respective wax content. Furthermore, he has carried out the determination of three strains of Surat cottons as requested by the Cotton Breeder, Surat. Recently Mr. Sen has completed the work on the “ Effect of manurial treatment on the yield. fibre properties and spinning values of cotton." This work will be published in due course, in the form of a bulletin. In addition, Mr. Sen has been engaged in the Moisture Testing Seotion at Sewri. Since November 1st, 1933, he has completed tests on 49 samples, a summary of which will be found under “ Moisture Testing Section." Microscopy Section. In the last progress report the Director noted the importance attached by Cotton Breeders to the maturity of fibre " test; and much of Mr. Gulati's time during the present period has been taken up in making maturity tests on certain agricultural samples besides maturity with fibre strength tests on the current season's Standard Indian Cottons. The forthcoming annual bulletin on the Standard Indian Cottons will include this feature of fibre maturity for the first time. Mr. Gulati is also investigating the percentage of mature fibres in various cottons at progressive stages of their preparation for spinning. Side by side with these investigations on fibre maturity he is making observations on the "growth of hairs and multiplication of epidermal cells on the surface of developing cotton seeds." III. MOISTURE TESTING SECTION. The Moisture Tests Sub-Committee of the East India Cotton Association met on the 20th March 1934 and Mr. D. L. Sen the Officer-in-charge of this Section at Sewri was present by special invitation. The meeting considered Dr. Ahmad's latest report which dealt with the moisture tests made between January and June 1933. The meeting ultimately decided that the data available was not sufficient to warrant a definite judgment being formed; and that, therefore, tests should be continued for another year, and that cottons from the United Provinces, Sind, Kathiawar and Africa should be included in the scope of the tests, The following summary table indicates the number and type of samples tested by Mr. Sen at Sewri during the present period :- December 1933 to May 1934. Appeal Committee 3 samples. Trade (Indian) 27 (Egyptian) 6 (African) 5 Spocial Experimental bales 8 . Total 49 samples. This Section has up-to-date conducted moisture tests on 625 samples in all since its inception, ·83 IV PUBLICATIONS The following is the list of the Technological Bulletins and Circulars issued during tho period under review - Bulletins (1) Tochnological Bulletin, Senes B, No 18, "A Note on the Wax Content of Indian Cottons with special reference to their feel ” by Nazır Ahmad, MSc, PhD, and D L Sen, MSc (Tech) AIC The following thrce papers were read before the Indian Science Congress held in Bombay on the 2nd January 1934 by the respective authors - (1) "Effect of cotton "L (2) "The yield and qua (3) "Now Weight per 1 MSC Technological Circulars Technological Circulars Nos 110 134 as given on page 79 During this present period the undersigned te wrote the initial draft of the bulletin to be published on the Combing of good quality Indian Cottong' and has also written out tho initial draft for the bulletin on “ Settings and Twists in Fly Frames! These two problems were mentioned in the Director's Progress Report No 19 V GENERAL Vasitors-Sır Richard Jackson visited the Laboratory on 12th March 1934 in tho ote, since then passed al Circulars issued on be combined at the o those adopted with the Secretary as also the further one made by them that each trade cotton incorporated in theso circulars could with advantage be valued each year under the same contract The East India Cotton Association have very Lindly promised that this suggested procedure will be adopted in the future Equipment--(*) Blow room dlachinery --In accordance with the decision of the Standing Finance Sub Commuttce at its meeting held on 17th March 1934 the order for tho new 1 period Staplıng Apparatus ---Messrs Remfry & Son, Calcutta, the accredited Patent Agents of the Committee in this matter have obtained the patent nghts of the apparatus in India and also in Ceylon and have forwarded applications for similar nghts in the follow ing countries, namely United Kingdom, France, Germany, South Africa, Canada, Australia New Zealand United States of Amenca and Insh Free State, and the intima tion of acceptance by each country may be received at an early date One Barnstead s Automatic Distilling Apparatus was obtained for the Chemistry Section Staff --The Director of the Laboratory, Dr Nazır Ahmad, proceeded on four months and 23 days leave out of India on the 13th March 1931 and the undersigned as Officiating Director took over charge of the Laboratory on that date Mr A B Khan, who had previously been trained and employed temporanly in tho Laboratory as a Junior Tester, was appointed on 1th April 1934 on three months' probation to the post of a permanent Junior Tester recently sanctioned by the Committeo The term of service of Dr R N Mathur who had been employed in the Laboratory 19 Temporary Research Assistant ended on the 16th May 1934 ·81 During this poriod, tho second batch of studont-traincos comploted on 30th April 1934 their course of study-instruction. Mr. L. Trilokanath Sharme spent two months vach in the Tibro, Ynrn and Spinning Sections in tho order nnmce whilst IIr. Syed Abdulla confined his attention exclusively to the mothods employed in tho Tibro Tesling Section. AOKNOTTLEDGMENTS. I wish to tendor thanks, on bolalf of the Director and nyself, to the Cotton Gradors who have continued to matcrially assist tho Laboratory by valuing the many collons sont to them and issuing their valuablo reports thercon; and also to cach mcmicr of the Laboratory staff whosc colloctive work during this soren months' period forms the subject-mattor of tho present Progress Roport. Daled the 13th June 1931, (Signcd) R. P. Richardson, Officiating Director, Technological Laboratory. IPPENDIX VI. SUBJECT 70.-Rcport of thc Agricultural Rescarch Sub.Commilice. A. RETORT OF TJI: AGRICULTURAL RISPARCI SUB-COMMITTET. ON PROGRES REPORTS AND PROGRAJINES OI IVORK. The Sub-Comunittes considered and approved the following progress reports on schemes and tho respective programmes of work for 1934-35 subject to tho remarks, if any, made against each :- (1) Agricullural Rescarch Schemes. Surat Boll-ucorm Clean-up Scheme (No. 26). -As the clean-up campaigu of 1932-33 season was quite a success, the period under roport yas devoted to making observations on the crop of 1933-34 scason of the effect of the clean-up. The area chosen for the campaign ras, prior to this organised course of action in 1931, moro sererely infested by Coll-worms than the neighbouring areas, and has since improved from season to season, so much so that during 1933-34 the infestation was markedly low, the stand of the crop being good and the plants being tall and prolific. Night-caging observations bayo definitely shown that the incidence of the pest was less in tho cleaned-up arca than outside it. The Sub-Committee desires to invito attention to paragraph 10 of the Deputy Director of Agriculture, Gujerat's lettor No. C. 14/2801, dated the 28th May 1934. If 10 per cent. of the cotton-growers fail to adopt the measures which have not been so thoroughly demonstrated, they will defeat the scheme and those cotton-growers, Tho are not uprooting stumps, will soon get discouraged. Tho Sub-Committee considers that it should now be brought to the notice of the Government of Bombay that they must bo prepared either to provide a considerable sum of money for propaganda and for suitable administrative action to secure the continuance of these successful control measures or to introduce legislation making tho adoption of them compulsory. The outturn too was, in spite of two spells of cold weather, 25 per cent, more than that of the previous season when almost record yields were obtained. Although reliable data regarding yields could not be obtained, the Sub-Committeo considers that a quantitative record of the actual increases in yield due to control measures will be essential to further progress and that an attempt should be made to get this information during the 1936 picking season. The cost of the necessary arrangements could be met from the very substantial savings on the scheme which, it is observed, the Director proposes to devote to the purchase of stump pullors. Broach Cotton Breeding Scheme (No. 27) .This scheme has now reported on its second year's work. Efforts are being made to combine by liybridisation the high ginning qualities of Goghari and a Viramgam strain with the other required qualities of the Broach desi strain, B.D. 8. Jalgaon Cotton Breeding Scheme (No. 28).-The isolation of wilt-resistant strains possessing also commercially important qualities was in progress, and three promising strains of negleclum bare boen selected for rigid yield trials during the next season.

·85 T+ 9 AL 41 Bombay Scheme for the survey of small lcaf disease in collon (No 20) - This 13 a ono year scheme which started work in November inct diseago varies from year to year, and the last se shows that the disease is of widespread occurre The symptoms of the diseasо are described in 29 not caused by any parasitic organisn 9 Sind Physiological Resourch Scheme (No 30). — The report deals with the work done during the sou onth rear of the scheme and share that the nation plant van eld of red leaf " disease were continued In view of certain comments wich have recently been made regarding schenics extending in directions not originally, contemplated the Sub Committee desires to observe that much of the work described in this report 18 not, strictly speaking, physiolo gical research but agricultural field experiments on difierontial irrigation, manuring, etc, which form a normal part of the work of a cotton research station These experiments ar necessary and useful and the point is only raised here to prevent future misunder standings As regards the future programmo of work, the Sub Committeo desires to make the following observations Ilern 3(b) 18 not a very promising line of work and the item is vaguely described Red Leaf is due to a variety of causes and there is possibility of a considerable waste of time in the biochemical experiments proposed Before starting work on this item, it 13 suggosted that the newly appointed Physiologist in the Punjab should be consulted Ilems 3(a) and (c) are accepted by the Sub Committee on the understanding that what 19 here intended are observations on the cottons grown in the irrigation, manurial and varietal experiments, it is assumed that it is not intended to lay down special field experiments for these observations Item (5)–Control of White 4nts -The results contained in the progress report do not seem to indicate that this is a very promising line of work But it is presumed that theso experiments have already been started so far as the 1934-35 season is concerned lladras Herbaceum Scheme (No 31) --This scheme has now completed its eleventh Uppam failure, hybrid strains having the characters originally aimed at The report shows that no tangible results havo yet been obtained The Sub Committee is definitely of the opinion that the production of F, reed in sufficient quantity for commerical use 18 not & practical proposition In view of the fact that the hybrid material at present has only reached F, and the scheme is only sanctioned until May 1935, it is recommended that the Secretary and Mr Hutchinson be asked to visit Coimbatore and make recommendations regarding tho future of the scheme, if possible before the cold weather meeting 27 TL n for the fourth year Lue not blade stage, the quantits, by allowing cholam to set seed not desirable * It DL 1 mot Uu 1 *444 OUL LOL100 stalls for a period of 10 LUVI WA ·86 planls till the nort collon sonson, it is suggested in tho ruport, that an effective method of oxterminating the post lay in cxtonding the Post Act to other collons as well besides Cambodia, and to adviso the ryol to oxpose the stalks to the direct rays of the sun for ton drys prior to their slacking. It scoms obvious, thereforo, that tho control of Pempheres can lic attained by these mothods and thnt for this purpose further work ou the bio-chemistry of cotton is not callod for. Of the actual programmc, itom (1) is liy no means promising as the scarch for tolcrant types so far has not been successful. Ilem (2) is unobjectionable, if the scheme is continued at all. Item (3) docs not seem at all practicable in virit of the fnct that Pemplicres is a vsent from tho greator part of tho cotton growing tracts in India, Ilcm (1) is practical but does not call for a special rescarel stafi. Ilcm (5) cannot be carricd out becauso no such strains have yet been obtained. Ilem (6) docs not seem to be of practical importance as the experiments alrcadly carrico out shoir that there is not much chance of success on a practical scale. Ilcm (7) has already been worked on to a considerable extent and it is doubtful whether further work will cnable the conclusions alrendy reached to be greatly enlarged. Item (S) would be of puruly academic interest and seems unneccsenry in vicw of the work already done olscthcre. It Tas reserved for this mooting of the Committee to decide wlicther this scheme should bo continued any longer. In the opinion of the Sub-Committee tho Bio-chemical work should now bo terminated. Malras Nadam Collon. Breeding Scheme (NVU. 3-4). The report is for its first year of work. It was noted during thc year that in Cambodia fields adjoining Nadam cottons the mortality due to the stom-weevil was 25 per cent. as agninst 1 per cent. in fields far nvey from Vada cotions. As a type or types of cotton which could bo sown and cropped at the same time as Camborlin havo first to be selected, work during the year was directed to sowing trials in July and Septomber. It is suggested that the Secretary and Mr. Hutchinson should visit the scheme and discuss plans with Mr. Ramanathan when visiting thic Herbaccum Scheme, Punjab Botanical Rescarch Scheme (No. 35).---This scheme has just completed its ninth year of life. The jassid-resistant carly sirain pure line families bred truo to extra hairiness and were found to be free from jassid attack. The Sub-Committee noted with satisfaction that threc useful strains of Ancrican cotton bad been evolved as a result of this rescarch and that one of these (N.?. 36-F) is of unusual promise. Five more new strains of Amorican and onc of desi have been finally sclected during the year under report for field tests. One of thesc, N.T. 45, has already been found to be very promising in varictal tests. The results of ridgesoving experiments of the last seven years show that this method is in no vay advantageous. Punjab Pink and Spolled Boll-worm Scheme (No. 36).-Items (1) 10 (4) of the progress report record an elaboration of details which have proviously been reported all of which bear on the problem as to why the incidence of Pink Boll-worm is so different in different parts of the Punjab. Item (5) is an important portion of the scheme and the Sub-Committee considers that the actual results obtained from tho 40 stations should have been reported and suggests that those be submitted to the next meeting of tho Agricultural Research Sub. Committee. Progranume of work for 1934-35.Itcm (i) was approved subject to the alteration of the description to study the incidence of the Spotted and Pink Boll-vorm in different tracts of the province. Item (ii).-The Sub-Committee considers that this item of work would be of academic interest only and that it should not be undertaken. In regard to the proposal for further observations on Pink Boll-worm, the Commitico considers that those already recorded are adequate. Item (iii) is approved, it being understood that this means observations and counts on the cottons growing in the Cotton Research Botanist's Section. The Sub-Committee has no comments to make on item (iv). As regards item (u), this has already been done for Pink Boll-worm both in the Punjab and the United Provinces and work on Spotted Boll-worm mainly seems to be required.

·87 Item (18) --The Sub Commitee agrees as to the importance of observations on the frequency of distnbution of parasites and some work on the life cycle of those not cessary It does not consider that methods be successfully taken up as an item of this nd specially trained staff Punjab Colton White Fly Scheme (No 37) - This scheme, which has now completed its third year, has two more years to run The report shows that the best lives on cotton from May to September, on cultivated vinter crops from October to l'ebruary, and on cucurbits molong and ratoon cotton from March to May The irrigation experiments show that with increasing water supply the attack of the pest becomes less Ag to control measurce, a single spraying in July when the pest was revere was more effective than one in August when it had declined and gave an increased yield of two maupds per acre Alethod of determining comparata e infesta'ion described on page 2 of the progress report It does not appear to the Sub Committee to be the best possible "It would be better to take about 100 leaves at random throughout each plot Results from one or two parts are not likely to give relial le figures The figures for the range of variation in the pit of different leaves indicate that this is not worth continuing Item 1 on page 4 appears to the Sub Committeo to be too academic, the second item is nuore important The experiments carried out in caged plants are on too small a plants is necessary in order to obtain rehable results the effect of White Ily infestation on the yield of 2 10 AM Programme of work in (1) should be omitted as too acade the effect of differential irrigation Item 1 (3) again seems to be largely of theoretical interest Item (21) would be improved by the addition of r patash manure to the series Item (v) does not appear to be very practical as most of the soils in the Punjab are neatrai or inclined to alkalınity and the proposed nitrogen study of properly done would be much extensive Item (2x) in the opinion of the Sub Committee 13 quito outside tho scheme and should be omitted Item (*) does not seem to be calculated to yield any definite information gunce, as described, it would not determine the effect of parasites Item (21) It is doubtful whether any further experiments are necessary or practicable Item (8113), in the opinion of the Sub Committee, is entirely outside the scope of the Scheme and should be omitted Punjab Spraying Trials Scheme (No 38) This 13 only an interim report Three diferent kinds of sprayers uz, the Sapom Sprayer the Hardie Power Sprayer, and the Orchard Power Sprayer were tried The incectrodes used were roain compound, tosin soap calorum oyanide and nicotine sulphate Though the last mentioned sprayer proved the most pest, it was found to be very expensive Th PLT Tow of cotton could destroy just over per acre, against Rs 1-9-5 with Hardie Spuyer which killed over 83 per cent of the pest The Sub Commuttee notes that the actual yields on sprayed and unsprayed plots have not been stated of the yulds in the next report The Sub Committee desires to emphasise the need for full details Individurl yields should be shown in order that their statistical significance may be ascertained Punjab Root Rot Scheme (No 39) --The Sub Committee note that as a result of the porestigataon, two species of Rhizoctonia are regarded as primarily responsible for the disease, but that the vigour of attach as ancreased when certam other organisms 878 associated with these two species of Rhizoctonia As the scheme has only one more year to run, the Sub Committee suggest (a) that these results should be confirmed, 1) that attention should be concentrated on- (1) determining whether any soal treatment reduces Rhizoctonsa attach, (:1) determining whether Rhizoctonia resistant strains of cotton exst 70 ·88 This means a considerable reduction of the proposed programme which is regarded as too diffuse. Items 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 might, with advantago, the omitted. Punjab Defibrating and Delinting Scheme (No. 40).The machines wero received only recently and such tests as havo been dono are not considered to be of any value. Central Provinces Botanial Scheme (No. 41).- Late Vorum and V. 434 were subjected to severe field tests during the year under report. Late Verum spins up to 34's and is also the best yielder of all new strains. It is expected to cover an area of about 16,000 acres in tho current season. V. 434 is next to Late Verum in yiold and spins up to 32'8. About 2,000 acres are expected to be sown to this strain during the current season. Work on Bani E.B. 31 and Bani 306 was continued. A feip high yiolding white linted strains have also been isolated from Chanda Jari and aftor further testing, the best of thom will bo rotained for multiplication. A feir promising strains of Buri (Gossypium hirsutum) also have been selected and attention is being paid to remedy the defect of weak staple. United Provinces Entomological Scheme (No. 42) .The Director of Agriculture states that he expects this roport to bo ready in time for the next mecting of the Committee. The United Provinces Governmont are not considering the proposals for actual control measures, financed in part by a cess, proposed by the Committee which they appointed to consider the results obtained. They have asked the Committee to assist them in preparing public opinion for the necessary legislation by the loan of the Publicity Officer. The Director of Agriculturo explained that the Publicity Officer would be required for a fortnight in early September and a fortnight in carly October to obtain first hand information as to the way in which the control measures aro working in the present demonstration areas and for a period of about three months during the cold weather to tour there in the cotton-groning tracts and to carry on propaganda. The Sub- Committee wishes to commend this proposal to the careful consideration of the Central Cotton Committee without committing itself in any vay in regard to its attitude towards the proposed Pink Boll-worm Extension Schome, Scheme for survey of cottons in Rohilkhand and Brendelkhand, United Provinces (No. 43).--- The report shows that 1,852 villages out of a total of 2,791, cotton growing villages in Budaun, Bareilly and Naini Tal districts and Rampur State were covered during the year and over 5,000 samples of cotton were collected and critically examined. particular type of new plant having the external characters of G. neglectum roseum with better fibre length was noticed throughout the area surreyed and it will be examined for its purity. Institute of Plant Industry, Indore (No. 44) .To speed up genetic and plant breeding work on cotton by growing two generations a year a small green house has been erected at the Institute. A considerable quantity of ner research equipment has also been added. Two strains of Malvi cotton have been finally selected as suitable for distri. bution in the Malwa tract. As for the Nimar tract selections have been made from desi and "Malan" cottons to be tried during the ensuing year. A botanical survey of the cotton crops of Malwa and Nimar tracts shows that the ratios between Malvi and roseum types in these tracts are as 6 to 1 and 2 to 7 respectively. Hyderabad Botanical Research Scheme (No. 45).- During the year under report seven pure strains were compared with local mixture Gaorani Umri. Three of these, which are superior to local mixing in fibre length and ginning outturn, were also found to be definitely superior to it in yield. In another set of varietal tests only Havri-3 proved better yielding than the control (Aurangabad Local). There were also two other comparative tests of other strains to select the most suitable strains for the Gaorani and the non-Gaorani areas. 186 pure line progenies and 263 progenies of new selections were examined. In addition 100 plants selected this year have been retained for study in the next season. Item 2 in the programme of work should be decided on in consultation with Rai Saheb Sawhney on his return, as the Sub-Committee is of opinion that this work would be too much and would necessitate curtailment of programme in other aspects. Hyderabad Pink and Spotted Boll-worm Scheme (No. 46).--The Sub-Committee have the following observations to make on the progress report on this scheme. There is no need to follow up further the degree of attack in cotton shoots. The work on buds has been limited to the experimental farm and the numbers examined are insufficient. It is necessary to examine buds collected over a much wider area ; conclusion 2 under this section is thus premature.

·8J Open flowers ---It is unnecessary to remove flowers from tho plants for oxamination This can be effectively done in tho field Flowers from a much wider area should be examined Green bolls Here also it is necessary to examine material from a wider area and not only from an experimental farm It 18 noticed that the incidence of the pests increases up to February and March this is unlil e the results obtained at Cawnpore The figures presented show that there is a very considerable measure of attack and that work should bo continued and expanded Estimale of crop loss Much more extensive data would be necessary in order to enable a representative figur out that the loss of k bolis but by damage on page 4 the loss of lapas was at least 20 per cent Hibernation of Plałyedru - This is the most important part of the work and it was observed that a large proport on of long cycle larvas occurred The question of hiberna tion in the soil should be tackled at once and thoroughly in order to ascertain whether the carry over from season to season in the soil would be sufficient to defeat practical control measures consisting of seed treatment plus a close season The question of alternative hosts 19 also important Programme of uork for 1931-35-Ilen (1) --Before this can be done it is necessary to find out whether re infection from the soil takes place when the soul is left undisturbed Item (2) as already indicated requires to be carr ed out on a broader basis Item (3) is the essential portion of the scheme but unfortunately no particulars of the work proposed have been presented Item (4) -The organisat o 1 of a control area would involve an area of 200 square miles in which (a) all cotton stalks would be removed and burnt (or otherwise disposed of) before the end of May (6) only treated seed would be sown and (c) no untreated sced for cattle food and no unginned kapas would be allowed to be kept after the 31st of May If such a control area could be properly worked it would at once give the answer to tho question whether control by the above means 18 practicable or whether it would be defeated by other methods of carry over of the pest from season to season But the Director of Agnculture Hyderabad does not consider that such an area could be worked at present רן 1 Pay at Rs 450 per mensem Rent for house and laboratory say Travelling allowance say Peon Rs 5 400 per annum 600 1 000 150 The Sub Committee considers that the critical information could be obtained by a fully trained and experienced Entomologist in two years The need for this appointment arises from the fact that the Hyderabad State has no Entomologist on its staff view of the importance of the problem the Committee might well bear the cost of this Entomologist The Sub Committee does not consider that the Cotton Research Botanist can be expected to do this work in addition to his own MO II Bk Y 130-12 ·90 Co-ordination of the lyılcrabud Pink anl Spotted Bull-rcurm Schemcand the Central Provinces and Bcrar Entomological Scheme.mHrference from Special Mecling of Agricultural Rescarch Sub-Commillce. In considoring tho progress report on tho Ilydernbad Schemo, tho Sub.Committeo came to tho conclusion that the principal necessity is a fully qualified Jntoniologist to carry out research work on the lines thoro specificri on Pink Boll-worm under black soil conditions. It is not possiblo for the Government Entomologist, Contral Provinces, to undertako tho supervision of any work outside the provinces but lo is quite capable of looking after the work for which a grant ling been sanctioned. It would hov'cver bo quito fonsible for a mutunlly agrecel programme of work on boll-form in the Central Provinces and in lIyderabad to be adopted and the Sub-Committee considers that this courso should be followed. The Director of Agriculture, Control Provinces, agrees and is further of the opinion that the appointment of an oxpericnccd Entomologist for Pink Boll-worm work in IIyderabad would definitely be of resistance to the Central Provinces. Tho Sub-Committee consistors that this is the best method of securing the co-ordination of the two schemes and that it would lenil to more effoctivo work although it would not roduce the cost. Hyderabad Collon Surrcy Scheme (.V0.17).-The year under revier is the third working suar. Asin provious yours, 107 sccrl samplos colicoted from villnges were grown on the farn for botanical classification. Also cultivatory' fields in 106 rcpregontatiro villages woro visited for a study of the botanical species and varieties grown on them. Sclections of promising individual types havo niso been inado. Bikaner Gang Canal Scheme (No. 48).-.-Tho report shows that of all coitons so far tosted Mollisoni is best suited to tho ngricultural conditions obtaining at Ganganagar. Of tho oxotic cottons tested 250F &ccms to lvc fairly promising. Attention is also being paid to the selcotion of better strains from Blollisoni. Baroda Root Rot Scheme (No. 19).--This scheme has completed its second year, Culturos from aficoted roots of cotton have given again the same organisms obtained tho provious year. Those wuro also found in the roots of other plants sufiering from similar disenso. Tho Sub-Committee notes thnt hcrc, as in the Punjnb, a spccics of Rhizoctonia is considered the main cause of tho discasc. Plants less susceptible to the discase have also been eclected. Burma Cotton Improvement Scheme (No. 50).-Tho report is for its third year of work. 18 demonstrators Trerc at work and demonstrations of improred mcthods of cultivation vero conducted on 57 holdings. It is stated that the averago yield of sced cotton per acre on the demonstration holdings was much more than that in the respoctire" Kwins in which tlicy wore located. Improved methods vero adopted by 895 cultivators during the year under report, and tho total area covered ros 19,997 acres. The Sub-Committee confirmed the opinion of the Special mceting of the Agricultural Rosearch Sub-Committee (Juno 1934) that the schemo should be continued till the end of its sanctioned poriod and that no further extension should be granted. Plant puller propaganda scheme in Surat and Broach Districs (No. 74).---Propaganda through posters, leaflets and magic-lantern lectures ras carried out in Broach and Surat districts during the months of Warch to June 1934. In Broach District 3,440 pullers and in Surat District 7,161 pullers were purchased by the cultivators, (2) Seed Distribution and E.clension Schemes. Hubli Scheme (No. 51).-In 1933-34 season 1,266,320 lbs. seed sufficient to cover about 131,708 acres vas distributed in the area served by the Hubli Cotton Salo Society besides the 326,445 lbs, supplied to other parts of Dharwar district and elsewhere. The Department of Agriculture arrangod during the year 24,000 acres of reserved area. Gadag (Extension) and Gadag (Supplementary) Schemes (No. 52).-In 1933-34 the Society distributed 758,397 lbs. puro seed, enough to cover an area of about 75,000 acres, and the Department of Agriculture organised a sced growing area of about 24,620 aorog. Surat Scheme (No. 53).-During the year under report, 886,771 lbs. of 1027 A.L.F. seed were distributed in the Surat tract besides the 1,660,980 lbs. supplied to adjoining Indian States. An interesting feature is that 285,000 lbs. seed was purchased for sowing by the Sonsek Group of Co-operative Societies which had hitherto refused to grow this cotton.

·91 k handesh (Banılla) Scheme (No 54) -The scheme is divided into su stages from the production of selfed seed on an area of five acres to covering the whole Khandesh tract with pure seed The scheme has now completed the first four stages The actual area sown during the year was 12 900 acres and the total quantity of seed obtained from this area was about 1,450,000 lbs which would be enough for over 100,000 acres Prices obtained for Banilla were satisfactory The Sub Committee considered that spinning tests on Banilla should be supplied along with the Progress Report as the Committee should keep an eye on whether the cotton has continued to deteriorate as in the first four years it was grown 1 EM1M L programme laid down would have been adhered to More Seed was expected to be purchased and stocked for distribution during the current year Sind Scheme (No 66) --During the year under report the work continued on the ih L t ndih, T ft Ronlant the wind A over 27 W N and 289 F 1 was also proved by the results obtained from the comparative tests of these cottong The publicity and propaganda work of the past 2 to 3 years has resulted in an area of about 1,500 acres being brought under cotton during the year by zamındars themselves Anton tho Left Bank in 22 centres in '1 are best suited to Eastern Southern Jamrao tract , in ho other two varieties A. a result of these demonstrations the area under cotton in this tract has increased from 3,000 acres in 1931-32 to 28 000 in 1933-34 dota og Madras (Tiruppur) and Co 2 Schemes (No 57) – In 1932-33, the Department of Agriculturo organised a seed farm area of nearly 2 000 acres which produced 498,600 lbs pure seed, sufficient to cover an area of about 20,000 acres In 1933-34, the seed farm area, as stipulated was extended to more than 4,000 acres LE น 1 ለ ሰሰለ as possiblo consistent with clearness been spent from the funds sanctioned Very Little idea was given us Luwuuu uuu The scheme however worked satisfactoruly stocked by the two Societies, the rest being delu Wilu luy w utw Department of Agriculture arranged, as usual, a seed farm area of 2,895 acres under their own control and the seed secured from this area will be handed over to the Societies It has been admitted in the Progress Report itself that the scheme generally did not work satisfactorily The Sub Committee considers that the scheme as at present exists should be closed down and a fresh one started of it overcomes all the difficulties encountered in the past season, proposals for which are mentioned in the Report 1 IV K9) -In 1933-34 season, the Department of ure seed which was enough to Bow an ares bales of pure Verum cotton The premiom 3 45 on Broach FOR Bombay basis 3 864 khandres of Verum 262 seed and 181 Lhandies of Late Verum, V 434 and Banı Seed have been stocked for distribution in 1931 35 season The working of the scheme was very satisfactory and the Sub Committee recommends that it should be combined with the new Extension Scheme already sanctioned as suggested by the Director of Agriculture (Subject 87) ·92 Hyderabad 'Scheme (No. 60).--During the year under report, the Department of Agriculture purchased from the Salo Socioties 330,260 lbs. Jayavant and Upland seed and distributed the whole quantity in 136 villages for sowing on an area of nearly 17,100 acres. In addition, enough Jayawant seed for another 7,000 acres was distributed by the Kopbal Salo Society and trio cultivators themselves. The Director of Agriculture informed the Sub-Committee that arrangements are being made by the Hyderabud Agricultural Department to organiso local seed production under their supervision in order to obriate the necessity of importing large quantities of seed from tho Bombay Presidency. Statement of costs for collon ginned al the Lyall pur Ginnery (No. 61).--Total cost of ginning one maund of kapas was Re. 0-2-9 for saw gin and Re. 0-7-10 for roller gin. Baroda Scheme (No. 62).--28,000 lbs. pedigreo sccd and 11,200 lbs. pure sced of 1027 A.L.F. cotton, enough to cover an area of roughly 2,000 acres wero distributed for seed multiplication to tho members of the four cotion groups at Maroli, Umbhel, Dhundhesa and Kosamba. In addition, from the five seed depots at Maroli, Vesma, Umbhel, Baben and Kosamba, 218,400 lbs. of pure 1027 A.L.F. seed received from the Bombay Agricultural Department were distributed on mass scale. The Sub-Committee suggests that a larger area than that suggested in the proposals should be controllod in view of the fact that Baroda has an area of nearly two lakhs of acres under cotton. (B) REPORT OF THE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SUB-COMMITTEE ON EXTENSIONS AND MODITIOATIONS OF OLD SCHEMES. (1) Agricullural Research. Scheme for Survey of Small Leaf Disease of Cotton in Bombay Presidency. The Sub- Committee does not recommend the extension of this schome as the collection of further information will serve no useful purpose. Punjab Spraying Trials Schemelodification of programme.--The Sub-Committee approves of the action taken by the Director of Agriculture. Gujerat Plant Puller Propagandu Scheme.--As the original scheme was highly successful during the year and in view of the good work accomplished the Sub- Committee recommends the extension of this scheme for a period of two years at an estimated cost of Rs. 19,010 to be financed from the remaining balances sared under the Clean-up Scheme. (2) Technological Research. Technological Assistant, Gujerat.---The Sub-Committee recommends the extension of the appointment of the Technological Assistant at Surat for a period of five years, (3) Seed Distribution and Extension. Central Provinces Verum Scheme.--At the request of the Director of Agriculture, Central Provinces, the extension of this scheme was not separately considered, as this scheme is incorporated in the revised proposals for the “Scheme for extension of long staple cotton in the Central Provinces and Berar” submitted at this meeting (vide Subject 87). The Sub-Committee recommends that an additional grant of Rs. 1,35,022 spread over a period of five years and two months be made to this extended scheme in addition to the grant already made at the last meeting of the Committee. (C) REPORT OF THE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SUB-COMMITTEE ON NEW SCHEMES. (1) Agricultural Research. Gujerat Root Rot Scheme (No. 63). In view of the fact that schemes on the same subject are in progress in the Punjab and Baroda State and are obtaining results, it seems unnecessary to sanction another scheme on the same subject. Scheme for the study of “ Lang" caterpillar pest in Gujcrat (No. 64).-" Lang ling Vetch) is a crop which gives the cultivator a gross return of Rs. 30 per acre for its grain and fodder besides being a short period good leguminous rotation and cleaning crop for cotton, and a caterpillar pest has lately been causing damage to this crop in Gujerat, to the extent of 30 to 90 per cent. The Bombay Department of Agriculture, therefore, proposed an investigation of this pest for four years and four months at an estimated cost of Rs. 11,683 plus leave salary. (Chick- ·93 In the opinion of the Sub Committee this is not a cotton problem and not suitable for o grant from the Central Cotton Committee. Gujerat Goghars Surrey Scheme (No 65) - This scheme 19 a necessary corollary to the accepted policy of the Committeo to grow onls 1027 AL. F in the tract lying south of estimated cost ot Rs 5,000. Baroda Goghar. Surley Scheme (No. 66) - This scheme 19, in its object, idential with the Gujerat Gogharı Survey Scheme, and will take concerted measures in tho Paroda Stato territories included in the trnct Tho Sub Committee recommends that the scheme be sanctioned for a period of five years at an cstimated cost of Rs 5,000 Punjab Jassıd Scheme (No 67)-This scheme which was referred bach to the Director of Agriculture, Punjab, at the last meeting for modification of programme, 13 now resubmitted ht 41 considers that for the prc™ Lyallpur If the Direc for an Assistant for tho Red Leaf Disease Scheme (No 68) - This discaso of American cotton in Bly coro 19 gold to causo an annual loss of about 520 bales, and is a factor which limits the cultivation of American cotton, Red Leaf in cotton is considered to Lo an All India problem It is part of tho larger problem of the satisfactory acclimatisation of American cottons in India A good deal of work has alrcady been done on it in other parts of India It is therefore recommended that tho Socrotary bo requested to obtain all relevant inforination from workers on the problem in other areas, particularly Sind, tho Punjab), the Instituto of Plant Industry and Coimbatore. The schemo should be considered in the light of the information collected, at the cold weather meeting Bombay Serd. Defibralıon Scheme (No 73) - Tho Vice President offend to have one defibrating machine put up at Palo, in connection with ginneries there, and to supris ecc«! and power froo as roquired Tho nuachine vould be provided and installed from 11 Indian Central Cotton Committee funds and would remain the Indian Central Cotton Committee's property. The Sub Committeo willingly agreed to accept t119 kind offer. The Tinne, 14 תן At lah in connection with tho Khanen al Cotton groting Syndicate o plant at that place. - Presidency, tl en drew up a moused scar, which 19 appended, with an 16. An . 1 T : Baroda Plant Puller Pro Plant Puller Propaganda : were satisfactory, similar Tho Sub Committeo approris in general the Baroda Scheme and recommends it for adoptron at an estimated cost of Rs 9,350 It suggests however that the pay of thi Graduato Assistants should not otceed R 70 per mensem and that after the first year of intensivo propagandla a larger number of Kamgars on lower pay Inight by employed Instead of tho moro oxpensive Fieldmen (2) Technological Research. Technological .Issistant in Sind-Tho Sub Committee n commends the appointments a Technological Assistant in Sind for a period of three years. (3) Seed Distribution and Excn31011, agud Seed Dutribution and Extension Scheme (No G9) -The Sut Corumıtter trainie Audered this schirme in accordance with the decision of the special meeting of t/c Agricul. tural Research Sub Committee, Ir. Patel in forwarding the Scheme wished to have an organisation reads to put out *** C'm** with wluch lie is working and wluch lie reports will la consuleralis inter ilanı ·94 Wagad 8. The loonlity lins pcculinr locnl difficulties in getting a now cotton taken up and it was his suggestion that the Department would like to work out a way which would bo likely to succeed so that when the cotton is ready for distribution 70 liine would be lost in getting it taken up. In viow however of tho decision of tho Special Sub. Committee hold in June, this Sub-Committco fecis that it cannot recommend scheme which has an clomont of oxperiment in it. It feels hotover that the Committee might help in this work and would suggest that. Mr. Patalbo oskrd to put up a modified schemo to cover the initinl stages of testing and distribution. C. 102 Scheme (No. S1).--This scheme has already received tho approval of the Agricultural Research Sub.Committee, tło final dccision regarding funds being left to tho Standing Financo Sub-Commitico which decided in licbrunrr 193.1 that it should not bo put into operation for the present. The Sub-Committeo now rccomiends that the question of starting it from the year 1935 should not be reconsirlered. The area suitable for the cotton under this schemo is about 30,000 norcs spread over two districts and may be extended over four other districts covering another 30,000 acres. Tho crop icing irrigated yiclds about 800 lbs. per acre. In viow of the importance of increasing the supply of staple cotton in India, the Sub. Committee considers that this scheine is of sufliciont importance to mnrtant & grant from the Indian Contral Cotton Committee, and that it slould be considered by the Standing Finance Sub-Committee in relation to the financial position of tho Committee. (D) Rfront or TII: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCHI SCI-COMMITTEE ON RESEARCH STUDENTS. Tho Sub.Committee considered and approred the progress reports and programmes of work of the following research students :- (1) Mr. Tashkir Ahmed under training in Entomology at Cambridge under Dr. A. D. Imms. (2) Mr. Sant Singh Vorma under training in Plant Physiology at London under Professor Blackman. (3) Mr. S. N. Venkatramanan under training in Statistics at Calcutta under Professor P. C. Mahalanobis. The Sub-Comunitteo recommends tho proposed extension of Mr. Sant Singh Verma's scholarship by five months. In view of the naturo of the breeding work likely to be undertaken by Mr. Venkatramanan, it is suggested that the Secretary thould writo to Professor Mahalanobis and ask him if some consideration may be given to work on third degree statistics as outlined in a paper by Fisher, Immer and Tedin on their use in the study of quantitative inheritanco. The Sub-Committee also approved of the final reports of Mr. Brajandra Nath Bhargava (Cotton Marketing and Economics, Lucknow) and Mr. Bhola Nath (Plant Breeding and Cytology, Indore). The former need not be publisucd, and the latter may be included in papiers to be published at a lator stage. The modified programme of work of Mr. Shama Iyengar due to the curtailment of study Icave was also approved. The Sub-Committeo notos that Dr. Bhola Nath has been offered a post at Indore, and that Mr. Madan Lal Bhatia is proceeding to Cambridge for further studies, and that there is no post opon for Dr. B. N. Bhargava. In view of tho possibility of a U. P. candidate proceeding to Cambridge to study Genetics under Professor Biffen, the Sub-Committee recommends that the award of a scholarship in Genetics sanctioned previously may be held in abeyance. The Sub-Committee recommends the following training grant, the application * for which is attached : (1) Rs. 100 per mensem to Mr. Nazir Ahmad (Punjab) for two years for studies in Entomology at the Imperial College of Science and Technology, London. The Sub-Committee considered Mr. Akbar Ali's (Punjab) application for a training grant of Rs. 150 per mensem for higher studies in plant breeding in England and recommends that he be given one year's training in plant breeding at Indore under Mr. Hutchinson. Further consideration of his application may be postponed until a report is received on his work at Indore from Mr. Hutchinson. * Not printed.

·(E) GENERAL. Disease of Malformation in cotton -The Sub Committee noted the replies received from the Directors of Agriculture on this subject Minimum staff in each acheme. The Sub Committee considered Mr. Ramanatha Iyer's letter on the subject and decided that a uniform standard of staff for all schemes of & similar nature is neither possible nor desirable. It agreed, however, that staff proposals should be carefully scrutinised, Monograph on Surat Physiological Research Scheme - In the opinion of the Sub. t of the research was to he has emphasised the ut clearly the effect of ud and flower retention ab Committee considers thor has complied with 1 Is III uuuuu. the Sub Committee advises this course. The report may then be submitted to the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research direct Madras F for approva recommend to sanction the list of apparatus The Sub Committee decided that the composition of the Sectional Sub Committees with the subjects allotted to them be intimated well in advance so that members may have sufficient time to acquaint themselves thoroughly with the schemes which they are expected to comment on. The Sub Co es also decided that in Seed Distribution Schemes a short resume should bo given from year to year showing the progress made not only in the year under report but in previous years This is to enable the Committee to see at a glance what progress has been made from the beginning of the scheme. The Sub Committee recommends that in all Seed Schemes intensive propaganda should be carried out by all possible means against the inferior cotton grown in the tract 3 plantado Vurvul. Enclosure 1, Revised Estimate for a Desegundo Defibrating machine to be installed at "Palej” at Sir Purshotamdas Thakurdas Ginning Factory. Capital Expenditure. RE 1. One Desegundo Defibrating machine complete with Fast and Loose Pulloys 2,850 2 Driving Pulley on countershaft with suitable belting 150 Lint Chamber 150 $ Feeding platform 110 5. Spare fibrating elements 87 & Transport, insurance and fixing 250 7. Sundries 100 Total ivutial outlay 3,697 3,700 3 Say ·96 Recurring Expenditure. 1. Ono Operator on Rs. 70 per monsom and a mate on Rs. 30 por mensom for six months 2. Travelling allowance 3. Cost of secd for troatmont and observation 4. Unskilled labour, transport on finislıcd sced and sundries.. 600 150 500 500 Total rccurring expenditurc per year 1,750 The output of the machine per hour is 8 cwls, and if it is worked for 100 working days in the soason at 8 hours a day, it will deal with 6,000 to 6,400 cwts. of sced. The defibrated sced can be sont out to the Cotton Breeders for germination tests and to the Live Stock Expert to Government for food tests. A portion of the seed can also be sent out for hulling and expressing oil through Rotary mills and through the Oil Expeller with a view to sco whether the oxpensive and complicated method of expressing oil with a Hydraulic Press can be eliminated. The last experiment will be condueted on a very small scale and will not involve much expendituro as it will be carricd with those who are prepared to help and co-operate with tho Department. APPENDIX VII. SUBJECT 71--Report of the Standing Finance Sub-Commillee- (a) Balance Sheet as at March 31st, 1934. (0) Final Accounts, 1933-34. (c) Revised Estimatos, 1934-35. (d) Budget for 1935-36 (Govorniment sorvants). The Standing Finance Sub-Committee held five mcotings since the last mcoting of the full Committee in January 1934. Mr. J. O. G. Barnes having retired, his place on the Sub-Committee was taken by Mr. G. C. R. Coleridgo and on the latter's resignation, Mr. F. G. Travers has been appointed in his place. Mr. J. Vonesch has temporarily gone out of India, and under Rule 4 of the Rules under Section 16 of the Indian Cotton Cess Act, Seth Sakarlal Balabhai has been appointed to fill this casual vacancy. 2. A Balance Sheot of tho Committee's accounts, as at March 31st 1934, is submitted. This shows the incomo and expenditure under the budget beads from the beginning of tho Cotton Cess, i.e., for eloven years, and has been prepared from the audited accounts. A Balance Sheet of the Provident Fund is also enclosed. 3. A statement of accounts for the year 1933-34 as audited by the Committee's Auditors is attached, together with a detailed account of the Final Accounts. From this it will be seen that cotton cess receipts amounted to Rs. 5,83,672-8-7 against a revised estimate of Rs. 5,00,000. Interest on investments came to Rs. 1,32,624-0-5 against Rs. 1,33,700 estimated. Expenditure amounted to Rs. 9,42,986-13-9 against the revised estimate of Rs. 12,34,925-5.0. There were savings under practically every head of expenditure and these are available for future use, if required, except the savings under "Âdministration ", " Improvement of Cotton Marketing”, “Printing and Propaganda”, " Technological Laboratory-Working" and "Research Studentships.” The closing balance on the 31st March 1934 was Rs. 27,49,659-14-7 against Rs. 29,69,850-9-9 last year, so that the Committee had to spend Rs. 2,20,190-11-2 from the Reserve. A statement of the Provident Fund account for 1933-34 is also attached. 4. The Revised Estimates of Receipts and Expenditure for the current year are enclosed and are subject to alterations recommended by the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee and approved by the full Committee. No change has been made in the estimates for Cotton Cess and Interest. Due to heavy sale proceeds, the Miscellaneous Receipts have been raised to Rs. 4,000 against the estimate of Rs. 2,500. The expenditure has been estimated at Rs. 13,78,021-8-0 against the sanctioned budget estimates of Rs. 13,68,960-4-0, the increase of Rs. 9,061-4-0 being chiefly due to additional requirements under the various schemes. 5. As required by the Cotton Cess Rules, the Budget for 1935-36 for the pay, of Government officers and other permanent Government servants employed by the Committee is submitted for formal sanotion.

·97 6. The Sab Committee also dealt with the Government accounts for 1933-34 for the fumigation of American cotton and its recommendations form a soparate subject on the agenda of the Committee. 7. The Indian Central Cotton Committee at its last meeting, while adopting the report of the Agricultural Research Sub Committee, approved of the order of priority 10 whuoh the now research and seed schemes and the extensions of schemes already under operation might be sanctioned, and agreed to refer to the Standing Finance Sub Committee the priority list in order that it might take into account the present 1 na 8 The Joint Sub Committeo of the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research and the Indian Central Cotton Committee at its meeting held in January 1933 agreed to Bengal being brought in the s in thnnngt nandhin. tion of sugar-cane, cotton an ך וו -JI Jd be met by the Viswa Bharti Instatute. This 14 1 11 could be mot from savings in the grant already sanctioned 9 The Sub Committee sanctioned the re allotment of Rs 391 which had already been surrendered for expenditure during the year 1933-34 on the Burma Cotton Improvement Scheme. 1 und the notion of neument of travelling allowance ta id its Sub C ises up to a ly allowanca mt T - - 1 n LAT 11 The Sub Committee, on receipt of a telegram from the Government of India announcing the continuance for one more year of the emergency cut of 5 per cent in salaries of their staff, decided to follow the Covernment lead and apply a similar cut to honan rodu Ayamnt from it un lier of their as the Board of Aother year the fall in line with exempted from act 18 exempted from it Instne anno farer the question of the rovision of pay of Junior 1 to fix it on Rs 60-3-90 in the place of the with retrospective effect from the 1st October AUD 13 IL The Local Sub Committee at its meeting held on the 19th January 1934 decided h East India Cotton Association and the Indan Central to the Bombay Government for abolishing road tolls lorries carrying kapas and ginned cotton As the TY f MO-I Bk Y 130-13 ·98 14. As required by Rulo 9 (1) (a) of tho Indian Cotton Cess Rules, the Standing Finance Sub-Committee appointed an Export Sub-Committco consisting of the President, Vice-President and Messrs. Stewart, Burt and Saklatvala to cxamine tho applications for the appointments of a Plant Physiologist and a Bio-Chomist in connection with the schome for investigation into the causcs of the periodic failure of American cotton in the Punjab. The Standing Finance Sub-Commitice considered the recommendations of the Export Sub-Committeo and approved of the appointment of Professor R. L. Dastur as Plant Physiologist on a starting pay of not exceeding Rs. 900 in the scale of Rs. 900_40 -1,060 subject to such cuts as may be in force from time to time. The Sub-Committeo also approved of the appointmont of Mr. A. V. Varadaraja Iyengar to the post of Bio- Chemist as recommended by the Export Sub-Committeo. 15. The Technological Research Sub-Committee at its micoting held in January 1934 agreed to the Laboratory undertaking special tests for private bodics and individuals provided no inconvonience was thereby caused to the ordinary work of tho Laboratory and authorised the Standing Financo Sub-Committeo to fix the scale of fees for such tests in consultation with the Director, Technological Laboratory. The following scale of fees proposed by the Director was approved by the Standing Finance Sub-Committeo, subjoct to such alterations as may be found necessary at the end of six months :- Rs. 2. P. 25 00 15 0 0 (1) Variety of Cotton (Broad classification) (2) Identification of fibres (microscopical tests) (3) Percentage of size (4) Percentage of grease (5) Percentage of frec acid (6) Presence of mildew (7) Causes of mildew growth (8) Percentage of immature fibres :- (a) in lint (or kapas) (6) in yarn or cloth 7 8 0 ñ 8 0 15 00 7 8 0 30 00 . 10 0 0 15 00 16. The Sub-Committee considered the question of charging the Central and Local Government Departments for tests carried out at the Technological Laboratory and decided that as usual no fee should be charged for any tests made for the Department of Agriculture and that all tests made for any other Government Department should be charged for at 25 per cent. below ordinary rates. 17. The Indian Central Cotton Committee at its meeting held in January 1934 agreed to refer to the Standing Finance Sub-Committee the question of the revision of the grade of pay of Head Clerk's post at the Technological Laboratory. The Sub-Committee considered the subject at two of its meetings and decided finally that the scale of pay of the Head Clerk should be raised from Rs. 150-10---200 to Rs. 150-10--200 (Efficiency Bar)---10-240, provided that except by a resolution of the Standing Finance Sub- Committee no successor of Mr. Majumdar, the present Head Clerk, be permitted to pass the Efficiency Bar. 18. The Sub-Committee considered a letter addressed by the United Provinces Government to the President of the Committee asking for loan of the services of the Publicity Officer for a period of one year in the first instance, free of cost, the Local Government paying only his travelling allowance. The Sub-Committee decided that Mr. Mihra's services might be lent to the United Provinces Government for a period not exceeding six weeks provided the Local Government were prepared to pay his travelling allowance. 19. The Sub-Committee reported to the last meeting of the full Committee that the Punjab Government had raised an objection to the appointment of Mr. Mohammed Afzal as Cotton Research Botanist in the Punjab and that a reply to their objection had been submitted to the Government of India justifying the appointment of Mr. Afzal. The Punjab Government have since withdrawn their objection. The Sub-Committee considered and approved of the proposal of the Punjab Government fixing the pay of Mr. Mohammad Afzal at Rs. 480 with the usual annual increment in the scale of Class I Provincial Agricultural Service, viz., Rs. 360~40-720/40-800-50-1,150.

·99 #L 20.' The Sub Committee considered the request of the Punjab Government that, 'ment of Mr. Mobam. imp sum might be thern to invite one of the scientists engaged on cotton research work in other parts of the world to visit the Punjab in the course of the cold weather and advise the Department of Agriculture on the best and most up to date methods of investigation. The Sub Committee decided that any specific proposal put forward by the Punjab Government should be considered on its own ment and that no general sanction was necessary. 21. The Sub Committee sanctioned a total sum of Rs 7,600 for the purchase of additional machinery for the Blow Room in connection with the scheme for the estension of the Technological Laboratory sanctioned by the Committee at its last meeting. 22 The Indian Central Cotton Committee at its last meeting agreed to the proposal of the Central Provinces Government that the pay and allowance of Dr D. N. Alahta, Economic Botanist to Government, Central Provinces, should be met from the Com. mittee's funds provided a second Economio Botanist was appointed by the Local Government. The Sub Committee considered the reply of the Local Government agreeing to relieve Mr Mahta, of all worl other than cotton and to make their own arrangement for the work on other crops and decided to pay Dir. Dahta hus full pay and a doty alowance of Rs. 200 per month, 23. The Sub Committee sanctioned an additional grant of Rs. 750 for 1933-34 for the Sind Physiological Research Scheme for the reconstruction of the field Laboratory, provided the additional grant could bo met from the savings of previous years. 24. The Sub Committee at its meeting held on the 20th November 1933, while considering the revised estimates of expenditure during the extension period of tho Madras Pempheres and Physiological Scheme, decided that in view of this scheme being almost entirely for the benefit of the Madras Presidency, the Local Government LL Anfonw #1 - as in the case of other provinces. 1 17 T0g Linn an ne the outon. 1 hapana nu at the scheme, Botanust Class I 1- . n the Cannnd ' of tho 18t, برہم ہوتا ہے 26. The Sub Committeo sanctioned various new items of expendituru required in Enn To tad pirmnnoa, already sanctioned. A supplementary grant of Rs 1,000 was abo made to tho Bominy Cotton Forecast Improrement scheme for meeting the travelling expenses of the Officer. 1 charge in visiting Indian States. 7. The Sub Committee accepted the resignation of Dr. D. F. Kapadia, Assistant Technologist, Technological Laboratory, Latungs, and decided that the question of his learo should be referred to the full Committee at this meeting This subject 13 dealt with scparately on the agenda of the Committee. --ts outside D&ximum all other ·100 29. The Sub-Committee considered the Audit Report for the year onded 31st December 1932 of the Hubli Co-operativo Cotton Salo Society and agreed to pay to the Society the maximum subsidy of Rs. 5,000 and interest of Rs, 596-10-0. 30. The Sub-Committee recorded the following remarks of the Government of India while conveying sanction to the budget of the Committee for the yoar 1934–35:- Tlie Government of India understand that the attention of the Indian Central Cotton Committee has becn drawn to the danger of the doplotion of its reserve funds and that steps have been taken to avoid such a contingency. They trust that offective measures will be adopted towards this end,” 31. The Indian Central Cotton Committee, at its last meeting, resolved that tho Budget of the Institute of Plant Industry, Indoro, for 1934–35 bo reduced by Rs. 40,000 or such sum as the Standing Finance Sub-Committee might decide. As per powers delegated to it by the full Committee, the Sub-Committee considored the subject at three of its meetings, but no final decision has yet been arrived at as the negotiations between the President of the Committee and the President of the Board of Governors of the Institute are not yet completed. 32. The Sub-Committeo considered and rofused the request of Rai Saheb Kalidas Sawhnoy, Cotton Research Botanist, Parbhani, for a reconsideration of the Committee's decision arrived at in August 1933 refusing him permission to visit, at the Committee's expense, Egypt and various institutes and research stations in England. The Sub- Committee, however, sanctioned the extension of his leave by ten days on half-average pay and agreed to the proposal of the Hyderabad Government to grant an allowance of Rs. 50 per mensem to the Deputy Director of Agriculture, Parbhani, for being in additional charge of the Committee's Botanical Research Scheme during the absonce on leave of the Cotton Research Botanist. 33. The Sub-Committee refused the request of the Burma Government for additional grant to meet the travelling allowance of the Deputy Director of Agriculture, Myingyan Circle, in charge of the scheme for the improvement of cotton in the Wagalo tract of Burma. 34. The Sub-Committee sanctioned the extension of the Madras Herbaceum Research Scheme for a period of one year from the 1st June 1934 at an estimated cost of Rs. 8,803. 35. The Sub-Committee as decided by the full Committee at its meeting in February 1933 sanctioned a sum of Rs. 1,000 required for expenditure during the current financial year on the travelling allowance of the Officer in charge of the Rohilkhand and Bundel. khand Cotton Survey Scheme, United Provinces, subject to reconsideration of this item as soon as the orders of the Government of India on the status of the Committee's servants were received. 36. While considering the Progress Report on the Sind Physiological Research Scheme, the Committee at its meeting held in August 1933 desired to drain the attention of the Bombay Government to the fact that considerably more land was required for the field experiments now being conducted by the Physiological Section at Sakrand. The Sub- Committee considered the proposal of the Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind for additional expenditure during the current year of Rs. 1,550 for the lease, development and cultivation of the newly leased land as recommended by the Committee and decided that, in view of the accepted policy of the Committee not to provide land or buildings, the Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind should be requested to approach the Government of Bombay for the lease and development of the land and that, in the meanwhile, he might be advanced the whole amount of Rs. 1,550 till he obtained necessary sanction from his Government, 37. The Audit Reports of the Gadag Co-operative Cotton Sale Society for the years ending 31st December 1932 and 1933 rere considered by the Sub-Committee when it was decided that the Society should be paid as follows: Rs. 2. P. 835 10 0 662 2 6 for interest and Rs. 2,547-1-4 for subsidy during 1932-33. for interest and Rs. 5,000 for subsidy during 1933-34. 38. The Sub-Committee sanctioned leave to Mr. R. P. Richardson, Spinning Master of the Technological Laboratory (now Officiating Director), for four months and three days from the loth September 1934 or any subsequent data which might be suitable to both Mr. Richardson and Dr. Nazir Ahmad. The Sub-Committee also agreed that Mr. Richardson should be provided with a return Second Class “A” ticket from Bombay to London, ·101 39 At its meeting held in March last, the Spical Sub Committee appointed by the Committee to consider the question of a wider market for Indian cotton decided that Dr Nazir Ahmad, who was on leave in Europe, should be asked to get into touch with Rules) 40 Tho Technological Research Sub Committee at its last meeting decided that quotations of reliable firms of architects should be obtained for the extension of the Technological Laboratory The Sub Committee considered quotations offered by six firms and decided to appoint Mr Ditchburn as Architect for extensions to the Techno logical Laboratory 41 The Committee at its last Dieeting decided that during the absence on leave of Dr Nazır Ahmad for & penod of 4 months and 24 days Mr R P Richardson should officiate as Director in consideration of which he should be granted an honorarium of Rs 1,000 In view, however, of the extension of his acting period for one month due to Dr Nazı Ahmad s deputation, referred to in paragraph 39, the Officiating Director applied for an increase of the honorarium already sanctioned to him The Sub Committes after considering the application decided that in view of the strong opinion expressed by soveral members of the Technological Research Sub Committee against sanctioning any acting allowance, Mr Richardson s request should not be complied with 42 The Sub Committee sanctioned the extension by two months, up to the 31st October 1934, of the scholarship period of Dir T R Narayanan, who has been sent to Cambridge for training in Plant Physiology prior to his taking up the post of Physiologist in the Madras Pempheres and Physiological Scheme ·RECEIPTS. BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31ST MARCH 1934. Rs. Cotton cess receipts 8. P. Rs. EXPENDITURE. a. P. 91,08,563 8 6 Interest account Amount received on invest. ments Rs. I. A. Administration a. p. Rs. a. P. 13,45,676 8 10 14,28,333 3 5 Add-Refund of Incometax deducted from interest B. Improvement of Cotton Marketing 17,078 0 0 13,62,754 8 10 1. Cost of exhibits, moisture tests etc... 2. Cost of growing cotton in India 74,779 0 2 Less 67,500 0 0 c. Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes- 1,42,279 0 2 102 1. Interest paid in advance at the time of purchasing Government Paper (since recovered), interest on temporary overdraft and Bank's commission for collection of interest.. 2. Interest credited to Provident Fund account 3. Bank's withdrawal charges for securities sold 4. Income-tax deducted on interest I. Bombay- 1. Hubli 2. Gadag 3. Gadag Supplementary 4. Khandesh 5. Surat 6. Athani 25,472 13 9 27,988 4 9 15,752 5 11 89,407 6 9 25,589 0 7 7,380 40 43,712 8 9 4,886 6 2 • 2,366 10 II. Madras 1. Pay and allowance of Business Manager, Tiruppur 2. Co. 2 3. H-1 III. Sind IV. Hyderabad V. Central Provinces VI. Lyallpur Ginnery 19,967 128 8,729 0 0 7,828 12 6 4,480 0 0 86,245 4 11 17,148 12 9 71,310 11 5 17,740 5 0 ·D Printing and ganda 6. Brokerage for storling loan sold Propa. 291 90 6. Provision for Sinking Fund 4,728 7 0 1. Publicity and Propa. ganda 41,309 100 2. Printing and Distribution 75,952 127 23,838 70 65,148 1 0 12,86,801 12 3 L. Statistical Research 6,463 0 0 Profit on conversion and sale of securities 53,671 12 7 Suaking Fund account 4,728 70 Miscellaneous receipts 23,466 5 2 Refund from Provident Fund for contributions disallowed. II. Technological Research (1) Technologrcal Laboratory- A. Capital Expenditure- 1. Land and Buildings . 3,77,917 7 3 2. Machinery 86,336 1 8 3,391 111 103 Suspenso receipts 1 0 0 7,502 2 8 3. Freight 4. Apparatus and Equipment 41,558 37 .. 5. Machinery Workshop. 5,789 8 3 13,59,656 4 0 B. Working Expenses (2) Provincial 50,633 6 3 19,29,3928 arried over 1,04,80,623 15 5 Carried over 7 39,75,688 8 ·RECEIPTS. BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31 ST MARCH 1934-contd. Brought forward Rs. EXPENDITURE. d. P. 1,04,80,623 16 5 Rs. du. P. Rs. Brought forward & P. 39,75,688 8 7 III. Research Studentships Agricultural Research Grants- 2,20,814 2 6 IV. Bombay- 1. (a) Surat Physiological. 2,45,139 11 3 (6) Surat Physiological Writing-up 6,035 76 2. (a) Surat Boll-worm 1,14,509 97 (6) Surat Boll-worm Propaganda 94,844 3 3 (c) Surat Boll-worm Writing-up 2,315 3 0 3. (a) Dharwar Wilt 1,82,836 4 11 (6) Dharwar Wilt Writing-up 10,757 14 3 104 4. Khandesh Breeding Cotton 26,573 60 5. Co-ordination of Cotton Research 1,74976 6. Jalgaon Cotton Breeding 13,394 8 9 7. Broach Cotton Breeding 19,738 11 3 8. Small Leaf Disease 1,828 ·V. Jadras and M0-1 BE Y 130-14 (a) Herbaceum .. 1,04,482 12 2 (6) Pempheres Physiological 50,439 5 9 (c) Fodder Cholam 7,767 10 4 (d) Nadam Cotton Breeding 2,328 00 VI. Punjab (a) Botanical 4,08,667 0 7 (b) Entomological 1,34,251 12 (c) White Fly 30,610 5 0 (d) Root Rot 5,403 70 (e) Spraying Trials 6,958 12 0 US) Defibrating and Delintig 7,700 0 0 VII. Central Provinces . 3,09,831 12 3 VIJI. United Prouinces- (a) Pink Boll worm 1,46,731 6 10 (0) Rohilkhand and Bundelkhand Cotton Survey 4,985 0 IX. Institute of Plant Industry, Indore ..12,21,343 12 0 X. Sınd .. 1,67,361 13 8 105 XI. Burma (a) Capital (6) Cotton ment 2,906 15 5 Improve 18,486 11 6 Carr ed over 1,04,80,623,15 5 Carried over ..33,39,969 0 I 41,96,602 11 1 ·BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31ST JIRCII 1931-ronclad. EXPENDITURE. Rs. 4. P. Rs. 2. P. Rs. it. P. RECEIPTS. 1,0-4,50,623 16,5 Brought forward Brought forward ..33,39,969 0 1 41,96,502 11 1 Agricultural Prsturek (iranis-contd. XII. Ilycrabal- (a) lotinical 1,13,469 13 11 (0) Cotton Survey IS.0-17 10 (c) Pink and spotted Boll.11 orm 7,650 0 0 - 2$,370 69 XIII. Bikaner XIV. Biro la (12) Root Rot (6) Comparative Tests 22.667 JO 9 4.23 3 3 106 35,31,-1619 77,30,961 010 Total Expenditure IV. Joins recoveralle (but considered cloubtful) 1. Co-operative Cotton Salo Socirty, ITubli 2. Co-operative Cotton Sale Society, Gadag 8,003 93 7,29200 15,335 93 . 2,932 7 0 Suspense account 27,31,371 13 10 By balance 1,0 1,80,623 lo 5 Grand Total 1,0-4,50,623 15 5 Grand Total ·BALANCE SHEET AS AI 31ST BLARCI 1934. Provident Fund account. RECEIPTS. EXPENDITURE, Rs. 8. p. Re. a. P Rs. 2. P. Rs. 8. P. Subscribers' contributions 1,40,336 13 9 By advances to subscribers 25,038 30 Less--- Payments made to subscribers resigned and 34,251 15 3 Le98—Recoreries made up to 31st March 1934 23,378 0 0 1,06,084 14 6 1,600 3 0 Cominttee's contributions 1,37,286 811 Accruel interest on Go crnment Paper credited to subscribers up to 31st March 1934 1,738 2 0 Lesz-Payments made to subscribers resigned and forfeitures to the Committee and to the Lapses and Torfeatures account :: 107 32,220 1 11 By Balance 2,32,951 12 10 1,03,066 70 Suspense deposit of Mr. Dutt's own contributions with interest 968 1 10 Investment fluctuation account 23,984 9 5 Lapses and Forfeitures account 246 1 1 Grand Total 2,36,350 1 10 Grand Total 2,36,350 1 10 ·a. p. Rs. a. p. . Rs. &. P. Rs. d. P: RECEIPTS. Opening Balance Dr. ess-Adjustment of Pendleton's account Receipts under Section 12 of the Indian Cotton Cess Act, 1923 Statement of Receipts and Payments for the year ended 31st March 1934. EXPENDITURE. Rs. Administration of the Committee 29,69,854 129 (including Improvement of Cotton Marketing, Seed Distribution and Extension, Printing 4 3 0 and Propaganda) 3,43,030 13 8 29,69,850 99 Agricultural Research Grants-in-aid. 4,09,643 14 9 Technological Research 1,90,412 1 4 Closing Balance-(Gorernment Paper at cost)- 5,83,672 8 7 35 per cent. Government Promissory Notes of the face value of Rs. 7,06,300 .. 4,43,583 2 5 6,499 97 3.) per cent. Government of India face value of Loan, 1947-50, 1,32,624 0 5 Rs. 2,70,000 .. 2,18,032 13 0 14 per cent. Government of India Loan, 1960-70, face value of Rs. 10,01,900 .. 9,06,285 8 10 4 per cent. Gorernment of India Loan, 1956-60, face value of Rs. 26,600 25,004 00 5 por cent. Government of India Loan, 1939-44, face value of Rs. 3,09,000 2,96,679 13 6 per cent. Bombay Municipal Debentures, 1954, face value of Rs. 50,000 56,500 0 0 6 per cent. Karachi Port Trust Coupon Debentures, 1956, Face value of Rs. 1,30,000 1,41,212 3 0 cent. Rangoon Municipal Debentures, 1955, face value of Rs. 3,83,500 4,15,328 2 0 34 per cent. India Sterling Loan Bearer--face value of $ 20,000 2,20,688 14 10 108 fOther receipts Interest on investments . li 6 per reti yalue on 31st March 1934 27,23,314 14 7 ·of India Current Imperial Bank Account 4,721 4 10 Rs a P Imprest - Committee's Iccounts as certified by the Secretary 1,300 0 0 Technological Laboratory as certified by the Director, Technological Laboratory 500 00 High Commissioner for India, London, for scholarships (£100) 1,335 10 6 3,335 10 5 Suspenso (Recoverable) 2,932 7 6 I oang Recorerable (but considered doubtful) . 15,355 9 3 ŞTotal Closing Balance Total 109 27,49,659 14 7 36,92,6-16 12 4 Total 30,92,646 12 4 *Includes Rs 3,672 2 0 on account of Sinking Fund and Rs 15,358 9 3 against loans recoverable from Rubl and Gadag Co operative Cotton Sale Societies Includes Rs 1,000 5 0 against provision for Sinking Fund for the year 1933 34 and Rupee one recovered in excess from the Director of Agriculture, Mozambiquo against cost of cotton seed supplied to him 84 per cent Government of India Loan, 1960 70, of the face value of Rs 1,10,900 has been deposited with the Imperial Bank of India for secunty against overdraft that may be required by the Committee gThis includes Rs 4,728 7 0 on account of provision for Sinking Fund We have examined the above Statement of Receipts and Payments of the Indian Central Cotton Committee with the Books, Vouchers and Certified Roturns of the Committee, have obtained all the information and explanations we have required and certify that to the best of our information and explanations received, the above Statement is & correct abstract of the figures appearng in the Books and is drawn up in conformity with the Rules under the Indian Cotton Cess Act, 1923 (Signed) S B BILLIMORIA & Co Rombay, 27th April 1934. Registered Accountants, Auditors ·Provident Fun Account as at 31st Jarch 1931. Rs. P. { . Q. P. EXPENDITURE RS. Rs. 2. P. By Balance (Securities in Government Paper at Market Prico)- 8. r. R3. RECEIPTS 1.70,531 011 75,970 0 0 31 per cent. Government Notes of the filce value of Rs. 85,600 pain: 11!in. 3 on le Ipril 1933 3. p. Ks. . 17,600 (0) { per cent. Governnicnt of India Lonn, 1934-37, of the faco ralue of Rs. 2.000 2,012 S 0 Fuls:"pilosi contributions 110 1.**...Refund; for recoveries disallowed by Accountant Carral. Moulay 2ū 0 4 por cont. Government of India Loan, 1960-70, of the face value of Rs. 32,600 33,578 00 17,081 1 0 5 per cent. Government of India Loan, 1939-41, of the face value of Rs. 25,600 against 3,111 120 20.725 130 27,456 0 0 .1.1-Recoveries adanc.'; 1,91,256 13 11 • 0} per cent. Bombay Improvement Trust Loan of the faco value of Rs. 17,500 18,681 4 0 1.-5--Refunila to sul-cribers nu-igned, including wrong coverier Central rotton Committee. 2,435 S 38,456 S 3 Indian 2,855 14 0 5,291 2S 16,734 2 0 Savings Bank Deposit with the Imperial Bank of India Savings Bank Account with the Imperial Bank of India Current Account with the Imperial Bank of India l'lvance; to subscribers 1,85,965 11 3 6 7 20,003 2,32,951 12 10 received from Committeo at 17,584 10 *Total Closing Balanco contribution Coiton ·LessPayments to subscribers who havo resigned including transfers to Lapses and Forfeitures account for contributions disallowed and wrong rocoveries to Indian Central Cotton Committee 2,391 3 10 2,01,158 8 3 Interest roceived on investments 7,465 II 3 Interest received on advancos to subscribers 185 4 1 Refund of Income tax deducted on Interest received during 1932-33 221 13 0 7,872 12 4 Less-Intorest paid during the year to subscribers who have resigned- Rs.ap: On their own contributions . 63 128 On Committee's contributions 61 11 6 Income tax deducted from interest on investments (recoverable) 105 5 3 Bank's commission for collection of interest 17 13 0 Cost of Stationery, Printing, Sundry charges, etc. 61 8 0 310 2 5 111 7,662 11 Lapses and Torfertures Account Investment Fluctuation Account 246 1 1 23,084 05 Total . 2,32,951 12 10 .. 2,32,951 12 10 Total *Inclades Rs. 968 1.10 being Suspense Deposit with interest thereon of Mr. Dutt's own contribution. Examined and found correct. Bombay, 27th Apn] 1934. (Signed) S. B. BILLIORIA & Co, Registered Accountants, Auditors.

·Final Accounts, 1933-34. RECEIPTS. Rs. Rsi 8. Po EXPENDITURE, &. P. Sanctioned budget. Saving resumed to closing balance. Actual expenditure. 1 as OL Rs. a. p. Rs. To Opening Balance 1st April 1933 a. P. Rs. 8. • .. 29,50,827 1 6 I. A. Administration 1,51,160 00 1,10,302 7 4 40,857 8 8 Loans recoverable account 15,355 9 3 Sinking Fund account B. Improvement of Cotton Marketing- 3,672 2 0 29,69,854 12 9 (1) Cost of Exhibits, Moisture tests, etc. 5,000 0 0 1,201 10 4 3,798 5 8 Les Adjustment of Pendleton's account Dr. 4 3 0 (2) Cost of growing cotton in India 29,69,850 9 9 112 73,143 00 60,000 0 0 13,143 00 Cotton Cess Receipts 5,83,672 8 7 Interest account (Net) 1,32,624 05 C. Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes Other Receipts . 5,443 47 Sinking Fund account 1,056 5 0 (1) Bombay Presidenoy- 8,560 0 0 9,240 0 0 7,843 14 9 8,364 11 Il 716 1 3 875 4 1 4,488 4 1 (0) Hubli (ii) Gadag (iii) Gadag Supplementary (iv) Haveri (v) Athani (vi) Bailhongal (vii) Surat (viii) Khandesh 4,612 00 2,800 0 0 6,322 0 0 4,285 00 7,860 00 52,068 0 0 5,440 40 123 11 11 2,800 00 881 12 0 4,285 00 2,550 13 3 25,287 8 9 5,309 2 9 26,780 7 3 ·(2) Madras denci Pres! BIL-I BL Y 130_15 (1) Pay and allowance of Business Manager, Tiruppur (11) Co. 2 (132) 11 3,600 0 0 11,630 0 0 4,480 0 0 3,474 30 6,492 156 4,48000 125 13 0 5,147 06 (3) Sund 38,000 0 0 36,450 6 11 1,519 91 (4) Hyderabad State 5,056 0 0 4.472 14 4 583 18 (5) Central vinces Pro- 25,069 80 18,294 70 6,775 10 (6) Baroda 5,120 00 5,120 00 113 (7) Punjab - Sale of all produce Farm crop 5,00000 5,000 0 0 D. Printing and Propaganda (a) Publicity and Propaganda (6) Printing and Distribution 29,209 0 0 26,150 5 3 3,05% 20 3 11,000 0 0 8,416 5 9 2,583 10 3 E. Statistical Research 22,500 00 5,463 00 17,037 0 0 Carried over 36,92,646 12 4 Carried over 4,85,714 8 D 3,43,415 8 8 1,42,299 15 4 ·Final Accounts, 1933-34-contd. Savings resumed to closing balance. Sanctioned budget. Actual expenditure. EXPENDITURE. Rs. a. P. Rs. 2. P. Rs. a. P. 4,85,714 8 0 3,43,415 3 8 1,42,298 15 4 RECEIPTS. a. p. Brought forward Rs. 36,92,646 12 4 II. Technological Research Brought forward 114 1. Technological Laboratory“ 1,880 2 8 22,119 13 4 24,000 0 0 9,323 30 (a) Capital Expenditure (6) Working Expenses 1,66,055 0 0 1,56,731 13 0 2,939 90 14,500 0 0 11,560 70 2. Provincial 5,546 8 2 20,000 0 0 14,453 7 10 Student- III. Research ships Agricultural Research Grants. 79 11 0 434 5 0 514 0 0 IV. Bombay (a) 1. Surat Physiological 2. Surat Physiological 925 96 6,035 7 6 6,961 1 0 Writing - UP ·32,885 5 27,797 10 9 (0) Surat Boli. Worm Clean. .. 60,633 0 0 up (c) 1 Dharwar Wilt 120 . 0 3 120 00 677 3 11 474 11,938 11 3 1,061 4 9 6,853 19 560 14 3 2. Dharwar Wilt Wnting 1,161 50 (d) Broach Cotton Brecd.ng 13,000 0 0 (e) Jalgaon Cotton Breeding 7,414 0 0 (f) Co ordination of Cotton Rescarch 1,000 0 0 (9) Khandesh Cotton Breeding 340 13 0 (h) Small Leaf 1,850 0 0 Disease 121 2 6 875 13 6 340 13 0 1,828 00 22 00 115 Survey. V. Madras- (a) Herhaceum 10,100 00 9,975 4 3 124 11 9 17,438 35 11,964 12 7 2,877 2 7 434 13 5 (6) Pempheres and Physiological 29,403 0 0 (c) Fodder Cholam. 3,312 0 0 (d) Breeding of X & dam Cotton 2,790 00 2,328 0 0 462 0 0 ..8,48,908 11 0 0,42,016 14 3 2,06,891 129 Carried over 36,92,616 12 4 Carried over ·Final Accounts, 1933-34contd. RECEIPIS. EXPENDITURE. Sanctioned budget. Actual expenditure. Savings resumed to closing balance, Rs. & p. Rs. a. Po Ps. a. p. Rs. 2. P. Brought forward 36,92,646 12 4 8,48,908 11 0 6,42,016 14 3 2,06,891 12 9 Brought forward VI. Punjab (a) Botanical 60,200 0 0 25,295 7 8 34,904 8 4 (b) Entomological . 22,060 00 18,270 5 3 3,789 10 9 (c) White Fly 11,920 00 11,695 5 6 224 10 6 (d) Root Rot 4,502 00 3,698 70 803 90 (e) Spraying Trials 8,000 0 0 3,708 12 0 4,291 40 116 (f) Physiological 4,462 00 4,462 00 .. (9) Defi b rating and Delinting- (1) Nonrecurring. 6,700 0 0 6,700 0 0 (2) Recurring. 1,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 VII. Central Provinces 47,619, 00 34,439 2 1 13,179 13 11 VIII. United Provinces--- (a) Rocurring grant for staff 7,680 00 6,752 6 1 927 9 11 ·(b) Roh il and Bundel khand Cotton Survey 4,985 0 0 215 00 5,200 0 0 IX. Inelitute of Plant Industry, Indore. 1,00,000 0 0 1,00,000 0 0 28,143 00 23,015 8 2 X. Sind 5,127 7 10 . 8,202 1 0 8,712 0 0 509 150 Im. XI. Burm Cotton provement. 26,629 0 0 24,674 1 0 1,059 16 0 XII. Hyderabach- (a) Botanical (6) Cotton Survey. (c) Pink and Spotted Boll 993 4 10 8,162 11 2 117 9,163 0 0 11,680 00 7,680 0 0 4,000 0 0 worm .. 7,610 00 3,615 6 9 4,024 9 3 XIII. Bikaner XIV. Baroda- (a) Root Rot 11,448 100 9,611 13 3 1,836 12 9 (6) Compar a tiro Tests 144 5 3 28 10 ) 173 00 .. Carried over ..12,31,810 5 0 9,43,667 10 5 2,88,172 107 36,02,616 191 Carried over ·Final Accounts, 1933-34-concld. Savings resumed to closing balance. Actual expenditure. Sanctioned Budget. EXPENDITURE. Rs. a. P. a. RECEIPTS. Rs. p. Rs. a. p. Rs. a. p. 5 2,88,172 10 7 5 0 9,43,667 10 36,92,646 12 4 Brought forward ..12,31,840 3,085 0 0 3,085 0 0 Brought forward XV. Bengal Comilla Total ..12,34,925 5 0 9,43,667 10 5 2,91,257 10 7 +381 11 0 -384 11 o 118 Less-Refunds of the unexpended balances in parts- (1) Lyallpur ginnery (2) Surat Boll-worm Writing (3) Dharwar Wilt 104 13 0 -191 4 8 +104 13 0 +191 48 9,42,986 13 9 2,91,938 7 3 Total XVI. Loans recoverable (but considered doubtful) (1) Hubli Co-operative Cotton Sale Society. (2) Gadag Co-operative Cotton Sale Society 8,063 93 7,292 0 0 15,355 9 3 27,34,304 5 4 By Balance 36,92,646 12 4 Total 36,92,646 12 4 Total ·Final Accounts, 1933-31-Provident 2011 EXPLNIDITURL. RLOEIPTS. Rs. Rs, &, Rs. 8. D a'p To Opening Balance April 1933 on Ist 1,70,531 011 By refunds to subscribers, resigned, of their own contribu. tions with interest 2,409 1 + . contributions Subscribers account 17,581 10 By payment of Committee's contributions with interest to subscribers, resigned, and forfeitures to the Provident Bund 2,152 153 contributions Committeo's account 17,684 1 0 By Advances made 2,855 14 0 35,168 20 By Balance 2,32,951 12 10 Recoveries against advances 3,141 120 38,309 14 0 119 7,749 10 1 Interest (Not) received Less-Exponses for stationery, stamps and professional charges to solicitors for amendment of Provident Fund Rules 61 8 0 7,688 23 and I'orfeitures Lapses account 246 1 1 .. fluctuation Investments account 23,984 9 5 Total 2,40,759 11 6 Total .. 2,40,759 11 6 ·Reviscil Estimates, 1931-33-All Heads. (As passed by the Indian Contral Cotton Committee at its 29th Meoting held on tho 29th August 1934.) Que p. Rs. & P. EXPENDITURE. Rs. 1,51,020 00 &. P. I. A. Administration Rs. Ib. P. B. Improvement of Cotton Marketing Rs. RECULPLS. 27,34,304 Õ 4 exhibits, tests, 120 0 0 5,000 27,49,659 14 7 15,375 9 3 (i) Cost of moisture etc. Opening Balanco 78,143 00 5,00,000 0 0 73,143 00 any Recorerablo account (ii) Cost of growing cotton in India .. 1,18,500 0 0 4,000 0 0 C. Seed Distribution and Extension Schemes- Cotton cess receipts (1) Bombay Presidency- Interest account 8,679 00 8,737 0 0 Miscollaneous receipts (i) Hubli (ii) Gadag (iii) Gadag Supplementary (iv) Haveri (v) Athani (vi) Bailhongal (vii) Surat (viii) Khandesh (ix) Deccan Canals (Banilla) 5,159 00 2,800 0 0 12,465 0 0 4,285 0 0 11,931 0 0 46,535 0 0 5,030 0-0 ·(2) Valras Presidency (1) Pay and alorpance of Bus ness Manager, Tiruppur (12) Co2 (270) H-1 5,305 0 0 18,580 0 0 14,3800 0 (3) Sind 51,924 0 0 (4) Hyderabad State 5,128 00 2,016 0 0 (5) Central Provinces 8,997 4 0 (2) Verum cotton (11) Extension and marketing of staple cotton 121 long 38,754 0 0 (6) Baroda 5,120 00 (7) Punjab-Sale of all farm crop produce 5,000 0 0 2,63,825 40 D Printing and Propaganda (a) Publicity and Pro. jaganda (b) Printing and Distri. bution 30,074 0 0 11,000 OO 41,074 0 0 Carried over 33,72,159 14 7 Carried over 5,34,062 4 0 ·Revised Estimates, 1934-35--All Hcads--contd. EXPENDITURE, Rs. Rs. 2. P. sv. P. RECEIPTS. Rs. 2. P. 5,34,062 40 Brought forward 33,72,159 14 7 16,032 00 Brought forward E. Statistical Research II. Technological Research ox- (1) Technological Laboratory- (a) Capital expendi. turc 42,600 0 0 (6) Working penses 1,71,198 0 0 (2) Provincial 18,211 00 (3) Development of alternative uses for Indian cottons 20,000 0 0 122 2,52,009 00 20,000 0 0 III. Research Studentships Agricullural Research Grants 4,584 0 0 IV. Bombay- (a) Surat Boll-worm Clean-up Scheme. (6) Broach Cotton Breeding Scheme. 10,044 0 0 8,043 00 (c) Jalgaon Cotton Breeding Scheme. (d) Small Leaf Discaso Survey 3,268 00 ·145 4 0 (e) Dharwar Vilt Writ. ing up Scheme () Survoy of Gogharı cotton (9) Defibration of cotton sced 510 00 5,450 00 . y, Jadı018 (a) Heriaceum 9,110 0 0 35,859 00 (W) Pempheres and l'hysiological (c) Fouder Cholam (d) Brocding of Nadam cotton 4,168 00 2,628 00 VI. Punjab (a) Botanical 61,810 0 0 123 (0) Entomological (Pink and Spotted Boll worms) 31,100 0 0 10,709 00 4,81 1 0 0 (c) White Hly (d) Root Rot Spraying Trials Physiological (0) Surroy of Disease of Malformation. 6,590 0 0 . 17,184 O o 2,674 0 0 33,72,159 14 7 Carried over . 2,18,590 4 0 8,22,103 4 0 ·+ Revisci Estimates, 1931-35-:lll Hcaus-contd. EXPENDITURE. Rs. b. p. Rs. a. Po 5,34,002 0 RECEIPTS. Rs. it. P. Brought forward 16,032 00 33,72,159 14 7 E. Statistical Research Brought forward .. II. Technological Rescurch (1) Technological Laboratory (a) Capital expendi. ture 42,600 00 (0) Working expenses 1,71,198 00 (2) Provincial 18,211 00 (3) Development of alternative uses for Indian cottons 20,000 0 0 122 2,52,009 00 20,000 0 0 III. Research Studentships Agricultural Research Grants- IV. Bombay- (a) Surat Boll-vorm Clean-up Scheme. 4,584 0 0 (6) Broach Breeding Scheme. 10,044 0 0 (c) Jalgaon Cotton Breeding Scheme. 8,043 00 Cotton (d) Small Leaf Disease Survey 3,268 00 ·7,640 0 0 XIII, Bihaner 11,718 00 .. XIV. Baroda (a) Root Rot (6) Survey of Goghari cotton 510 00 XV. Bengal Comilla cotton 3,085 0 0 . 5,24,317 4 0 XVI. Loans recoverable (but considered doubtful)- (1) Hubli (2) Gadag 8,663 9 3 7,292 0 0 15,355 9 3 20,10,383 13 4 By Balance 125 Grand Total 33,72,159 14 7 Grand Total 33,72,159 14 7 ·Revised Estimales, 1934-35_All Heads-concld. EXPENDITURE. Rs. 2. P. R. 8. P. 8,22,103 4 0 2,18,590 40 • RECEIPTS. Rs. a. Po Brought forward 33,72,159 14 7 VII. Central Provinces 37.7.12 00 Brought forward (a) Botanical 3,380 0 0 (0) Entomological VIII. Unile Prroinccs (a) Recurring grant for staff 1,103 00 124 . (6) Rohilkhand and Bund olkhand Cotton Survey .. 5,300 00 IX. Institute of Plant Industry. Indoro .. 1,15,000 0 0 33,135 00 X. Sind XI. Burma Cotton Improvement. 10,260 0 0 XII. Hyderabad 56,710 00 (a) Botanical 9,211 00 (6) Cotton Survey (c) Pink and Spotted Boll-worm 10,630 00 ·7,640 00 XIII. Bihaner XIV, Baroda, (a) Root Rot 11,718 00 I. (6) Surroy of Gogharı cotton 510 0 0 XV. Bengal Comilla cotton 3,085 0 0 . 5,24,317 4 0 XVI Loans recoverable (but considered doubtful)-- (1) Hubli (2) Gadag 8,067 9 3 7,292 0 0 15,335 9 3 20,10,383 13 4 By Balance 125 Grand Total 33,72,159 14 7 Grand Total 33,72,159 14 7 ·Revised Eslimalis, 1934-35-Provident Fund Account. EXPENDITURE. Rs. 1.1 contributions 1,231 a. Il Rs. uh.erileri account RECEIPTS. a. P. By 2,12.31 12 10 Rs. contributions 1,192 10 10 By Corninittco's account ..,1,333 17 3 alance on lst April 1934 20,000 0 0 10,000 0 0 Dis Bilance cribers' contributions 20.000 0 0 126 1,660 30 mittco's contributions 273 120 coveries against alvances $7,787 12 0 0 8,300 Total apses and Forfeilures account. 2,83,730 1.2 of aterest receivablo Totai ·127 BUDGFT POR GOVERNUFNT SERVANTS, 1935 36 Budget for 1935 36 for pay and allowances of Government serrants lent to the Indian Ceniral Cotton Commutce 34 A--Agriculture INDIAN CENTRAL COTTON COMMITTEL Budjet I slinates for 1935 36 No Sub and detailed heads Amount of provision PAY OF OFFICFI S on 1 oled Rs 1 Secretary -l'ay Rs 350—50-1,9%), tser 144 pry Rs 300 ani! special pay 400 . 21,074 Deduct-I'mergency deduction from pay for March 1935 at 5 per cent --S7 1 Deputy Secretary-Pay Re 350-50—1,250, overseas jay Rs 300 and special pay Rs 250 16 800 Doduct--Emergency deduction from pay for March 1935 at 5 ur cent -70 PERMANENT PAY O: ESTABLISHMENT 5 22,057 Superintendent and clerhs (at rates varying from Rs 70 to Rs 750) Deduck-Emergency deductions from pay for March 1936 at 5 Per cent --80 Larre saları-Establishment 1,300 ALLOWANCES, HONORARIA, ETC Non Voted House rent and other allowances 1 200 Travelling allowance of officers 1 000 Voted Travelling allowance of Establishment 300 Non voted 45 917 Total Voted 23 568 Grand total 69,485 DeductRecoveries from the Committee 68 185 Nett-Leave salary of Istablishment paid by Government 1 300 ·128 APPENDIX VIII. SUBJECT 78.-Universal Standards for Indian cotton-Progress Report. Secretary's Note. At the last meeting of the Committee it was reported that in compliance with a Resolution of the Committee at its February 1933 meeting, the Local Sub-Committee had appointed a special sub-committeo called the Standards Sub-Committee consisting of one representative of the Imperial Council of Agricultriral Research, two of the East India Cotton Association and two of the Karachi Cotton Association for the purpose of preparing standards which would be cominon to the two Cotton Associations operating in India, viz., the East India Cotton Association and the Karachi Cotton Association. 2. The Standards Sub-Committec, as constituted ubore, met twice in January 1934 and decided that standards should be prepared for the following cotions, the first four of which should be dealt with at Karachi and the remainder at Bombay :- (1) Bengals. (4) Sind-American. (7) Dholleras. (2) Sind. (5) Oomras. (8) Broach, (3) Punjab-American (6) Mathias. (9) Kumptas. 3. The Standards Sub-Committee also decided which particular growths of the above cottons should be used for preparing standards anrl also the number and description of standards of each variety of cotton which should be prepared. 4. The constitution of the Standards Sub-Committee was modified as follows hy the Local Sub-Committee at its meoting hold on the 20th July 1934. (u) When standards for such cottons as are dealt with by both the Karachi and East India Cotton Associations are to be passed by the Standards Sub- Committee, to representatives each of both these Associations and one representative of the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research wonld constitute the Standards Sub-Committee. (6) When standards for such cottons as are dealt with by only one of the Associations are to be passed by the Standards Sub-Committee, the representatives of the Association not concerned should be replaced by two representatives of cotton growers of the cotton tract concerned. 5. The Local Sub-Committee also decided at its meeting on the 20th July 1934 that the Indian Central Cotton Committee should every year preserve in hermetically sealed boxes a set of standards passed by the Standards Sub-Committee for reference in case of dispute. No final decision was, however, arrived at as to where these standards should be stored and this point will be further considered. 6. At its meeting held on the 18th August 1934, the Local Sub-Committee decided that the appointment of the cotton growers on the Standards Sub-Committee should be made by the Committee on the recommendation of the Directors of Agriculture of the Provinces concerned but that should it not be possible to appoint two cotton growers for any tract, one person representing cotton marketing interests should be appointed in place of one of the cotton growers. At this same meeting the Local Sub-Committee decided that members of the Standards Sub-Committee should be paid actual out-of-pocket expenses up to a maximum of a single first class fare by rail or steamer, mileage by road at six annas a mile and a daily allowance not exceeding Rs. 7 per day on days when they actually attend meetings of the Standards Sub-Committee. APPENDIX IX. SUBJEOT 84.-Proposed introduction of a common unit for the purchase of seed cotton throughout India, Secretary's Note. The Committee at its meeting in January last passed the following resolution "That in regard to the unification of weights for kapas the Indian Central Cotton Committee approves of the policy advised by the Governments of Bombay and United Provinces, viz., that both the Railway maund of 82% lbs., which is based on the tola and the khandy of 784 lbs, which is based on the pound avoirdupois should be retained and that efforts should first be concentrated on the elimination of unauthorised maunds and unauthorised khandies."

·129 The decision of the Committee was communicated to the Governments of Bombay, Madras, Punjab, the United Provinces and the Central Provinces and to the Hyderabrd, Baroda, Mysore, Gwalior and Indore States The replies from tho Local Governments art attached No final reply has been received from any of the States addressed Bombay --Under the Bombay Weights and Measures Act, 1932, the railway maund of $94 ha denominated the Bombay maund 15 prescribed as one of tho standard weights '3rd weights and hence in al futuro dy, its equivalent will have to be 18, quartere cuts, tons or maunds ood that the Act will be put into Districts of Broach, Surat, Thana, ra, Bolgaum, Karachi and Subkur Vadras -The maund of 28 lbs and the candy of 781 lbs are being prescribed as standard units for all cotton transactions Purjal --Ao cotton transactions are made by the khandy, the only unit of weight boing the maund of 82 lbs ion of elilnination of units of wought other than the maund does not arise United Prorences The Local Government hayo TY Provinces Cotton Ginning and Pressing Tactories ments of kapas, ginned cotton or pressed cotton mı maund of 82 lbs or the khandy of 781 lbs and their fractions Central Proninces --Cottou markets in the Central Provinces and Berar hayo beon asked to take steps to adopt before the next cotton season bogins, the standard woights recommended by the Commuttee Unauthorised woughts will be gradually eliminated by the increasing tre of the above standard seights by important buyers and sellers It 19 not apparent what the objection of tho Bombay Government is to the standards Katian of the Lhandy of 784 lbs, and it is for consideration if the Committee abould not press for its recognition As rogards the standard reation of a maund of 28 lbs in Madras, the Local Government stato that the growers and the trade are definitely in favour of the unit of weight The 2 1 IT APPENDIX X SUBJECT 85 Brondcasting of commercial news on collon Secretary's Note. TV ra rand "That the Indian Central Cotton Committee requests the Government of India to resumo tue broadcasting of all commercil news connected with cotton in the mornings particularly througl Bombay Radio Station"

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