·No text on this page.

·Summary Proceedings
of the
Twenty-eighth Meeting of the
Indian Central Cotton Committee,
Bombay,
2
held on the
29th and 30th January 1934

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·RAJASTHAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY DATE LABEL CAO Call No.x8 (3 781)62,113 Date of Release Accn, No. 80926 64 This book should be returned to the library on or before the date last stamped below. IN for loan 1. 2. 3 8. 0. 7. 8. 9. 10. .. 3 23 3 R.U.P.-UL (525) -10,000 - -64 19. 13. t 11. Reduction of railway freight on cotton-Resolution to be moret by Ilao Itabadur G. R. Kothare 15 Tall yearly Report of the Publicity and Propaganda Omicer 10. Report of the Cotton Forecast Improvement Sab-Committee 17. Technological Research-T'rogress Report of the Director, Technological laboratory 18. Technolozial Ilearesch-Report of the Technological Research Suly- Committee 19. Props new Igricultural Prenoarch Sraemes - Central Prorinces und Cerar Entomological Scheme 20. I'romne! Acid Sgr.xletal Rematch schemaschere ty turres of the durade of pallorma lon in Ponjol.merican cot TOTES 91, Prozent wolgrin!!nal Powered Nchemet Scheme for cotton Jaasid Istrigasion in the Hunjab Propowercio Igricultural Reseana Schewe-Scheng for Bull wonen clean up demonstration in Larents 3. rorumul Colon Committees Proceedings of the l'unjab I'roriaciel Cotton Comraltier 21. Arwel neto Srel Duration and Estetion Ech-Sher for the Tastion of (* 10 cotton laite llantot ar aishlourtag distort of Lacknow and Sitapur XUN BE Y 27 + .. 27 .

·2 .. .. .. 1.3. Propneul noir Sred Distribution and Erlension Schirmes.lngad Seed Distribution and Extension Scheme 4. Leoposerl nric Scoil Distribution and Firlension Schoning.--Scheme for the multiplication and supply of pure Brnilln cotton peed on the Deccan Canals 7. Propgerdar Seri Dixiribution and Exlcusinn Schem..Surat Cotton Send I)intribution and Extension Scheme 25. Report of the agricultural Research Sub-Coinmittee 20. Summary of Proceedings of the Local Suls-Cominittoc 311. Tirport of the Standing Finnnte Sub.Commillor. (n) Balance Shere (1) Financini Sintoment. (c) Herised Estimnics for 1933-34 (1) Buluct, 1031-36 (r) Anditors' fera. 31. l'rovincial Cotton Committees Proceedings of the Sind Cotton Conn. inittcr 32. Loan of Autoclave and glazed drain pipes to the Institute of Plant Industry, Indore 33. Cotton development in the Barrage areas of Sind-Yote by the Chief Igricultural Officer in Sind 31. Ngricultural Rescarch Schemesmilims, Objects and Results 35. Propell nicer Scod Dietribution and Erlensinn Schemes-Scheme for the extension of long staple cotton in the Central Prorinces and Porar 36. Provincial Collon Committccs--Proceedings of the Central Provinces Provincial Cotton Committco 37. Juditor='focs Resolutions passed by the Committee .. .. .. APPENDICES. 1. Proposed introduction of n common unit for the purchase of seed cotton throughout India--Secretary's note II. 1nlf-yearly report of the Publicity and Propaganda Officer III. Technological Research--Summary of Progress Report of the Director, Technological Laboratory IV. Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee 1. Report of the Standing Finance Sub-Committee VI. Summary of Proceedings of the Local Sub-Committee VII. Cotton derclopment in the Barrage areas of Sind-Xote by the Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind-Secretary's note At the 28th mecting of the Indian Central Cotton Committee the 29th and 30th January 1934, at Vulcan House, Nicol Road Bombay, under the chairmanship of Dewan Bahadi T. Vijayaraghavacharya, important subjects came up for dis including issues of immediate interest to the cotton trade, like the use of Indian cotton in the United Kingdom, Cotton Policy in the Trade Agreement with Japan, Reduction of Railay Frei Cotton, which were threshed out at great lengt).

·3 His Excellency the Governor of Bornbay honoured the meeting with his presence. After the Presidential Address and a speech by His Excellency the Governor, who sat through the proceedings for full two hours, the meeting settled down to the normal routine of business on the Agenda, beginning with the Confirmation of Minutes, Retirement of members by rotation, Appointment of Vice-President and Sub-Committees, and Appointment of members on the Board of the East India Cotton Association, Before the meeting proceeded with consideration of the Agenda, a vote of thanks to His Ercellency the Governor was unanimously passed and the President thereafter read out a message from the Honourable Khan Bahadur lfian Sir Fazl-i-Husain, K.C.S.I., K.C.I.E., Kt., Member in-charge of Fducation, Health and Lands Department, Government of Indja. The following members were present at the meeting :- His Excellency the Right-Honourable Michael Herbert Rudolf Knatchbull, Lord Brabourne, G.C I.E., II C., Governor of Bombay, Dewan Bahadur Sir T. Vijayaraghavacharya, K.B.E. (President), Vice- Chairman, Imperial Council of Agricultural Research, Sir Purshotamdas Thakurdas, Kt, C.I.E., M.B.E., (Vice-President), Representative of the East India Cotton Association, Bombay, B. C. Burt, Esq., C.I.F., M B.E., LA S., Agricultural Espert, Imperial Council of Agricultural Research, (ez-officio), Dr. W. Burns, I.A S., Director of Agriculture, Representative of the Agricultural Department, Bombay Presidency, P. B. Richards, Esq., I.A.S., Entomologist to Governinent, Representative of the Agricultural Department, United Provinces, H. R. Stewart, Esq , IAS, Director of Agriculture, Representative of the Agricultural Department, Punjab, 1.H...Ritstje. Esa AS...Ditertornfloricultura vixpresuritative of the Agricultural Department, Central Provinces, S. D. Saklatvala, Esq, Representative of the Bombay Millowners' Association, H. B Moore, Esq, Representative of the Bombay Chamber of Commerce, Chunilal B. Mehta, Esq., Representative of the Indian Merchants' Chamber, Bombay, 0. G. Barnes, Esq., Representative of the Karachi Chamber of Commerce, th Naranlal Jivanlal, Representatire of the Ahmedabad Millowners' Association, Vonesch, Esq , Representative of the Tuticorin Chamber of Commerce, YO-IT BE Y 70-12 ·4 E. J. W. Plummer, Esq., Representative of the Upper India Chamber of Commerce, W. Roberts, Esq.. Representative of the Empire Cotton Growing Corporation, Y. G. Deshpande, Esq., Commercial Representative, Central Provinces, Rao Bahadur G. R. Kothare, M.L.C., Commercial Representative, Central Provinces, Khan Bahadur Sardar Habibullah, M.L.C., Commercial Representative, Punjab, Rao Bahadur M. G. Deshpande, C.B.E., Co-operative Banking Representative, The Honourable Mr. V. C. Vellingiri Gounder, Representative of cotton growers, Madras, M. R. Ry. K. Sarabha Reddi Garu, M.L.C., Representative of cotton growers, Madras, Sardar Rao Bahadur Bhimbhai Ranchodji Naik, M.L.C., Representative of cotton growers, Bombay Presidency, Rao Bahadur C. S. Shirahatti, Representative of cotton growers, Bombay Presidency, Rai Bahadur Lala Anand Sarup, M.L.C., Representative of cotton growers, United Provinces, Sardar Sampuran Singh, M.L.C., Representative of cotton growers, Punjab, Mian Nurullah, M.L.C., Representative of cotton growers, Punjab, N. M. Deshmukh, Esq., Representative of .cotton growers, Central Provinces and Berar, J. B. Deshmukh, Esq., Representative of cotton growers, Central Provinces and Berar, C. V. Sane, Esq., Director of Agriculture, Representative of the Baroda State, H. H. Pandya, Esq., Agricultural Adviser, Representative of the Gwalior State, F. K. Jackson, Esq., Director, Institute of Plant Industry, Indore, Representative of Rajputana and Central India States, D. N. Mahta, Esq., Economic Botanist for Cotton, Central Provinces, M. R. Ry. V. Ramanatha Ayyar, Avl., Cotton Specialist, Coimbatore, Mashir Bahadur S. V, Kanungo, Customs Commissioner, Representative of the Indore State, W. J. Jenkins, Esq., I.A.S., Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind, Rai Saheb Thakur Ram Prasad Singh, Economic Botanist to Government (Cotton), United Provinces, Caunpore, ·3 Khan Balladur Nawab Fazl-i-Ali Khan, Chairman, District : President, Central Co-operative Rink Ltd., Gujrat (Punjab), The Secretary, (P. H. Rama Reddi, Esq., I.AS), The Director, Technological Laboratory (Dr. Nazir Almad), and The Publicity Officer (R. D. Hilira, Esq.). By invitation Sır Richard H. Jackson, Chairman, Indian Cotton Enquiry Committee, Manchester, The Hon'ble Dewan Bahadur S. T. Kambli, J P., Minister for Agriculture, Government of Bombay. The Hon'ble Khan Bahadur D. B Cooper, J P., Munister for Local Sello Government, Government of Bombay. Sir Joseph A. Kay, Kt., C/o Messrs. W. H. Brady & Co, Bombay. Vajor W. Ellis Jones, M.LC, Clo Messrs. Drennan & Co, Bombay. Sir Munmohandas Ramji, Kt.) T. V. Baddeley, Esq. Representatives of the Bombay Alill- H. H. Lakin, Esq. owners' Association. Jadhavji D Thackersey, Es Seth Kasturbhai Lalbhai, Pankore's Naka, Ahmedabad. W. D. M. Clarke, Esq., His Majesty's Trade Commissioner at Bombay. Balubhai Kalidas Patel, Esq., Chairman, Sonsek Co-operative Cotton Sale Society, Sonsek, Rao Bahadur D. Ananda Rao Garu, Officiating Director of Agriculture, Aladras Presidency. C. B. Phanse, Esq., Deputy Director of Statistics, Calcutta J. B. Hutchinson, Esq., Geneticist and Botanist, Institute of Plant Industry, Indore. Nizam-ud-din Hyder, Esq., Director of Agriculture, His Exalted Highness the Nizam's Government, Hyderabad (Deccan). Rai Sahih Kalidas Sawhney, Cotton Research Botanist, Parbhani, Mohammad Afzal, Esq., Cotton Research Botanist, Lyalpur. G. P. Pathak, Esq., Acting Deputy Director of Agriculture, Gujerat, Surat. M. L. Patel, Esq., Cotton Breeder, Gujerat, Surat. Makanji Kahanji Patel, Esq., Supervisor, Gujerat Co-operative Cotton Sale Societies' Union, Sonsek. Addressing the meeting the President said :- * Your Excellency and Gentlemen, It is my privilege to extend to Your Excellency on behalf of the Indian Central Cotton Committee a very cordial welcome to this its 28th meeting ·6 uni to express our sincerc appreciation of this clear proof of Your Excellency's interest in our work. It is a matter of satisfaction to us that you huve done us this honour within two months of your arrival in India and that at a time wlien you have other more engrossing preoccupations. Nearly one-third of the total cotton produced in India comes from the Bombay Presidency and the Indian States situated within its borders. A third of the ginning and pressing factories and about two-thirds of the total number of spinning mills in India are situated in this province; also about two-thirds of the Indian cotton crop is marketed in the only two well-organised cotton markets of Indiu, viz., Bombay and Karachi, which are also in this Presidency. Bombay is thus rightly entitled to be ranked as the premier cotton province of India. The jurosperity of thic Presidency over which you, Sir, have the privilege of presiding is bound up with the prosperity of cotton in all its phases, agricultural, industrial and commercial. Consequently our connexion with the Government of Bombay is very close and we are happy in the thought that our relations with successive heads of the Government have always been of a most harmonious character. 2. On behalf of the Committee, I also desire to extend to Sir Richard Jackson a warm welcome to India, and to this meeting of the Indian Central Cotton Committee. As the Chairman of the Council of the Empirc Cotton Growing Corporation, as a distinguished representative of the British Cotton Growing Association, and the Chairman of the Indian Cotton Inquiry Committee set up in England, Sir Richard not only occupies a prominent position in the cotton world, but one of interest and importance to India. The direct object of his visit is to extend and develop the use of Indian cottons in England, an object in the furtherance of which our Committee has co-operated with his Committee from the time His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom established the Committee of Inquiry in pursuance of the Ottawa Agreement. I trust that his visit will stimulate the endeavours that are being made to popularise Iudian cotton in Lancashire and remove whatever impediments there may be to its further and fuller utilisation. Sir Richard realises, nobody better, what a wide scope there is for the extended use of our cotton in England. In the last few days I have had the privilege of arranging for him a programme of visits to the main cotton tracts of India which will give him an opportunity of studying problems on the spot and seeing something of the research Fork which the Indian Central Cotton Committee has been carrying on. I trust that when his travels in India have come to a close, he will feel that these inspections have not been devoid of interest and value, and that they may be fruitful of practical results. I warmly hope, and in this I know I have all the other members of this Committee with me, that Sir Richard Jackson's visit to India following so closely on that of the Lancashire industrial delegation will mark the beginning of a new era in the relations between India and Lancashire, that the period of mistrust and misconception is over, and that a period of mutual understanding and friendly co-operation will be established.

·3. I may be forgiven if on this occasion I venture to make a reference to ourselves. Business acumen, an aptitude for scientific research and an ability to apply its results to practical uses, and a furst-land knowledge of agriculture drawn from all over India have been hrought together on this Committee to tackle the various problems confronting the cotton industry of India. Every phase of the industry is represented on the Committee and to the divergence of our individual outlook but the unity of our common aim must be attributed the wide acceptability of the measures introduced by us. I say this all the more readily as I am conscious of how httle I have contributed to the work of this Committee and how much India owes to the members who have so freely and ungrudginolv given of the time, energies and talents to the body of which we so cheerfully by members who must have been drawn away Lou LEW! own concerns to attend to dry, unremunerative tasks. 4. The half-year that has just closed has been memorable as it ownlomtatiner members' acknowpride and presentatives materially contributed to the knowledge, skill and wisdom which have solved the many thorny questions that stood in the way of - hot wan India and iven to of the , where there were inevitable diferences lue luleles. Vt WHY BAUllon should prevail. 5. I must now refer to the changes in the personnel of the Committee since we last met. Death has robbed us of one of our members, Rai Bahadur Rao Bikram Sinha who joined the Committee in 1926 as the representative of the cotton growing industry in the United Provinces. DIT. Simha was noted for the interest he took in the agricultural problems of his province and we deeply regret his untimely death. Mr. J. K. Ritchie, our late Secretary, has taken the place of ar. F J. Plymen as the 12. Anatral Provinces, ziss Mr. Plymen, I am sure you wish me to express to him on your behalf our wishes for a happy retirement. I desire to extend a cordial welcome to Mr. J. Nuttall, who has been appointed as the representative of the cotton ginning and cotton manufacturing industry in the Madras Presidency in the place of 1" AI1. --- Fazl-1-Al Khan who Governor-General in Ili retired, and to Rai Lahadur Lala Anand Sarup, who replaces the late Rai Bahadur Rao -- ·5 Bikram Sinha as the representative of the cotton growing industry in the United Provinces. 6. I shall not detain you by referring to matters of importance on the Agenda. As usual, your detailed work has been facilitated by the preparatory work done on the Sub-Committees and I know you would like to proceed to deal with them. Your Excellency and Gentlemen, I thank you for the patience with which you have heard me.” His Excellency the Governor addressed the meeting as follows :- Sir Vijayaraghavacharya and Gentlemen, Since I received your kind invitation to preside at one of the meetings of your Committee, I have been looking into its history and I find that you were constituted in 1921 as a result of the recommendations contained in the report of the Indian Cotton Committee of 1919 and were given definite legal status by the Indian Cotton Cess Act of 1923. You can therefore look back upon a period of 13 years of life--long enough, in these days of hustle, for you to claim to be an old established institution, especially when the claim is backed, as it is in your case, by a continuous tradition of useful work accomplished. For anyone who wishes to see for himself how useful your work has been I would recommend a comparison of present conditions with those recorded in the report of i the Indian Cotton Committee of 1919 to show what progress has been achieved in the Cotton trade and industry largely by the efforts of your Committee. I esteem it a privilege therefore, Gentlemen, to be invited to attend one of your meetings. I am very grateful to you, Sir, for your invitation which I have accepted with the greatest pleasure. You are lucky, particularly in these days of financial difficulty all round, to be able to command an assured income derived from a cess on the industry itself. Power, however, they say involves responsibility, and financial power as much as any other. I think you can fairly claim to have adequately discharged this responsibility, and I note with particular interest that you have been generous in the subsidies you have given to research throughout India on all matters connected with cotton. Bombay, which prides itself on being the premier cotton centre in India, naturally expects to have her share of your favours, and her claim has been met by the provision at Matunga of a Technological Laboratory which is investigating many of the problems connected with the spinning qualities of cotton. When I consider the amount of high-grade research work which is being done all over the world on the qualities of one vegetable hair, I am amazed as much at the extent of the subject as at the talent which has been devoted to it. We hear much nowadays about propaganda. Recently I am interested to see that there has been some criticism of its evil effects as well as insistence upon the necessity thereof. Whatever our opinion on this question may be, there seems no doubt that no institution can thrive which does not pay some attention to publicity. I see that you have not neglected this aspect and that you have recently started a publicity branch. In its publications describing the aims and work of your ·9 Committee, your doings in all directions are fully explained, and I need not delay you by going into them beyond recommending a perusal of those publications to all those who are in any way interested in any of the many branches of the Cotton Industry. The importance of cotton in both the internal and external economics of India can hardly be over-estimated, and we in this Presidency are perhaps even more keenly interested than any other part of India. It is one of the money crops which gives the grower the means to buy his necessities and pay lus taxes, and it is an important item in the trade between India and other countries. The international side has come prominently to the fore recently, and we have had the satisfaction of -"- that with Japan brought Discussions with cotton 1 fruitful results may be expected. What particularly impresses me about the recent negotiations with Japan and Lancashire has been not so much the actual results achieved, though these in themselves are of paramount importance, as the fact that a new spirit appears to have been infused into the negotiations that have been carried on. I am afraid the relations between India and Lancashure have, to some extent, been embittered by the history of the question in the past and the fact that it has been made a political question rather than an economic and commercial one, as it should be. I think that many people, both in India and Lancashire, have now come to realise how very useful India and Lancashire can be to each other if they work together in a spirit of co-operation. I am sure Sue Richard Jackson, whom I am particularly glad to see here to-day, will bear me out when I say that Lancashiro has now realised how much she stands to gain in improving her commercial position if she does everything in her power to extend her purchases of Indian cotton. In spite of the great extension that has recently taken place in the Indian textile industry, there are still large sections of the trade in which India and Lancashire do not compete with each other. The possibilities of co-operation must therefore be wide, and I am very glad indeed to see that a more friendly spuit is now prevailing and that the negotiations that have recently be made, and it is my earnest hope that co-operation of this sort may lead .. 'act that Lancashire and Indic cementing a permanent and India, on account of its size and its many varieties of soil and climate, bas a correspondingly great range of varying types of cottou, and hence, not only are the problems presented by the cotton industry in India je. L.LT of vast areas in Smd for the growing of irrigated cotton under the Lloyd ·10 > Barrage. Here, avain, I would suggest that much can be donc by Ciovernments and Industrialists working hand in hand to ensure a big increase in the production of the right kind of cotton. The potentialities of Sind as a producer of long staple cotton are immense and should be taken into account in any estimate of cotton developments in India and in the world generally. Cotton, like many other products, has been severely affected log the slump, which started in 1929, and the great fall in the prices of cotton has hit very liard all those connected with the industry, and not least the primary producer. That primary producer, namely, the agriculturist, who is the cast organised and yet most important of all those in the cotton inclustry, deserves the greatest possible consideration from anybody which has to do with that industry. I am glad that on you Committee agriculturnl interests are represented, and I have no doubt that the representatives of other interests Lave also at heart the welfare of the grower himself. It may be, however, that others are not always so solicitous for his welfarc, and anything that you can do by marketing, organisation, legislation or any other means to increase his income and therewith the general welfare of the country is work worth doiny. In a recent international survey of world agriculture, the writers dealing with Indin make thie following remark :- The main Wealth of India must lic in agriculture, and the very meagre standard of living throughout the country can only be raised by steady improvement in the produce itself and in the methods of placing it on the world market. These duties you are most helpfully performing. I regard your work, however, not only as important from the point of view of cotton, but as something more than this, namely, a hopeful model of human action, the disinterested pooling of many brains for technically and socially desirable ends. I have been told of the time given up by hard-pressed business men to work on this Committee and its many Sub-Committees, and I have been informed of the manner in which the essentials of problems are grasped and analysed and plans of action developed. I feel sure that a body which has this type of service at its command cannot but go on from one stage of usefulness to another, and must set an example of a form of co-operative and planned endeavour which is an essential of progress in the present age ; an example which will, I hope, be followed, in due course, by the leaders of other important industries in India ". Proposing a vote of thanks to His Excellency the Governor, the Vice- President expressed his pleasure at having His Excellency the Governor at the meeting of the Committee and for giving two hours of his precious time to listening to discussions on the subjects. Many Governors had honoured their meetings with their presence but their usual practice was to retire when the formal part of the proceedings was over. This time they had the support of His Excellency in their proceedings and he would assure His Excellency that if he could spare the time to listen to discussions at some meetings on matters more domestic than international he would be able to realize the difficulty they were up against at times from the various provincial Governments. It was peculiarly fitting that ·11 the very first formal visit from the Governor to any department should be in connection with cotton and he felt that the Committee would be very grateful if every time they met in sessions His Excellency would repeat the honour hc had done them to-day. He fornually moved :- RESOLUTION—“That the best thanks of the Committee be voted to His Excellency the Governor for the honour he had done in visiting us this morning." His Excellency replying expressed his appreciation of the kind words of the Vice-President and wished he had more tirne to listen to their discussions However he would follow the Comynittee's dcliberations with the greatest interest and care in the press He was sure that Sir Richard Jackson would get valuable assistance from the Committee and that he had enjoyed the cordial reception he had received from the Committee He thought that Sır Richard Jackson was only there to-day to clear any little misunderstanding there might bave been and that he would return to Bombay from his tour of the country with the firm conviction that there was hope for India and Lancashire and that they should get down to a real business understanding in the future. Sentiment was a great thing but business was the bedrock on which sentiment had to be built. The President sard that the Honourable Khan Bahadur Man Sir Fazl-i-Husain had asked bird to read the following message to the Committee on his behalf :-- " It has been my pleasant duty to express the cordial appreciation of the Government of India of the excellent work which the Indian Central Cotton Committee has been doing. May I, with your per mission, trespass upon your time for a few moments not merely to assure you of my warm interest in your proceedings, but to appraise you of the very great responsibility which is yours in dealing with the question of the larger utilisation of Indian cotton India has been in the grip of intense agricultural depression for the last two or three vparr., huit sattan has had this advantasa var.ums; theranmodlities, that there is an assured market for a considerable portion of the Indian cotton crop in the immediate future But looking ahead, our efforts no doubt will be directed along two distinct lines--firstly to broaden the basis of demand for Indian cottons and to assure our position in as many markets as possible, and secondly to secure a better balance in the production of different types of Indian cotton. The niarket for Indian cotton amongst Indian mills requires closer study. While cotton growers should give constant attention to the development of those types of cotton of which the supply is at present inadequate or uncertam, it is expected that Indian mills as a class will show enterprise in seeking for Indian cotton to meet their needs and in improving their methods for the utilisation of indigenous cotton. Ini in such s as Sind Where a rapid extension in the - ation ·12 is taking place under invourable conditions of irrigation and where the development of the most suitable types is of outstanding importance-- indian cotton inillowners should follow the example of milloiners in other parts of the world and do something definite for the production of the best types of cotton. The reports of the Sind Agricultural Department show that some long staple types capable of replacing importe African and American cotton have shown considerable promise and that there may even be scope for the production of Baptinn cotton of good qunlity at any rate on a limited scale where conditions are particularly suitable. The Agricultural Department cannot recommend average zamindars and cultivators to take up a no cotton the helaviour of which is in any way uncertain, for the small ilgriculturist cannot afford experiments. But when results have been ohtained on a research station indicating that certain long staple types aire really promising, it would surely be practicable for their extended experimental cultivation to be arranged for by an association or a syndicate of millowners who would benefit directly from a supply of such high class cotton. It is not sufficient to improve the quality of our cottons but it is necessary to secure better organisation of cotton marketing. I recognise that the marketing of cotton in India is probably more highly organised than that of any other staple commodity and I know that the Indian Central Cotton Committee has led the way in attempts to improve the marketing of Indian agricultural produce. My object in mentioning cotton marketing at the present moment is to assure the Committee of my support in any practical measures which they may undertake and to emphasise the opportuneness of the present time for a special effort in this direction. You will be glad to know that the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research, a body with which you have close and happy relations, liopes shortly to have a specialist in the organisation of the marketing of agricultural produce on its staff. I have no doubt that the Committee's experience will be of great assistance to him and I hope that in return he will be able to be of assistance to the Committee in its further efforts to improve the marketing of Indian cotton. Your work is of the highest importance to your country-agriculture and industry meet in you. All countries are striving hard to get on, no country can afford to be content with its present position. Unless you are advancing you are bound to be left behind, and this is my excuse for trespassing upon your courtesy to deliver this message to you." SUBJECT 2.--Confirmation of Minutes. The Minutes of the previous meeting were confirmed. SUBJECT 3—Retirement of members by Rotation. The Secretary's note was recorded.

·13 SUBJECT 4 --Appointment of Vice-President and Sub-Commitees. Mr. Sallatınla said he had very great pleasure in proposing :- RESOLUTION --"That Sir Purshotamdas Thakurdas be re-appointed Vice-President for the year 1934-35." In proposing the re-appointment of Sir Purshotamdas Thakurdas as Vice-President for 1934-35, Dr. Saklatrala expressed his appreciation of tle services which Sir Purshotamdas Thakurdas had rendered both to the country and to the Committee The guidance of Sir Purshotandas to the various Sub-Committees had been valuable. This Committee was to be congratulated on getting him for another year. He trusted the Committee would carry his proposal with acclamation. Rao Bahadur Al. G. Deshpande seconded the resolution. The Vice-President said that when he came to the meeting he was somewhat surprised by the President insisting upon naming him for the Vice-Presidentship for the coming year. In view of his recent illness, during which he often worked in his bedroom, he expected to be relieved of a further year of burden. He greatly appreciated the further mark of confidence in him, but wanted to make it clear that should his physical health fail, he would have to depend upon some other member of the Committee to carry on, with himself only as the nominal figurehead. The resolution was carried with acclamation, STANDING FINANCE SUB-COMMITTEE. The President moved :- RESOLUTION—"That the following members be appointed to form the Standing Finance Sub-Committee for the financial year 1934-35 : Sir Purshotamdas Thakurdas, Dewan Bahadur Sir T. Vijayaraghavacharya (ex-officio), Mr. S. D. Saklatvala, Sardar Rao Bahadur Bhimbhai Ranchodji Naik, Mr. J. Vonesch, Rao Bahadur G. R. Kothare, Mr. J. O. G. Barnes, Mr. Chunilal B. Mebta and Mr. H.B. Moore." Khan Buladur Sardar labibullah in seconding the resolution suggested that in view of the fact that the whole of the Committee's detailed work was done in the Sub-Committees, therefore a large range of members ·14 should be considered while appointing members to these Sub-Committeeas being of more assistance than appointing the same members on the various Sub-Committees. The Vice-President explained that the policy hitherto had been to have a large range, but the difficulty had been that the Committee wanted members to be as near Bombay as possible. All these points had therefore been considered. The resolution was carried unanimously. The President moved : - RESOLUTION—“That the following members be appointed to form the Cotton Ginning and Pressing Factories Sub-Committee :- The Vice-President, Mr. J. Vonesch, Mr. J. O. G. Barnes, Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta, Mr. G. B. Kotak, Mr. J. Nuttall, Mr. W. Roberts, Mr. E. J. W. Plummer, Mr. Y. G. Deshpande, Mr. H. B. Moore, Rao Bahadur M. G. Deshpande and Lala Shri Ram (Co-opted member).” The Vice-President seconded the resolution which was carried unanimously. The President moved :- RESOLUTION—“That the following members be appointed to compose the Local Sub-Committee:- Sir Purshotamdas Thakurdas, Dewan Bahadur Sir T. Vijayaraghavacharya, Mr. S. D. Saklatvala, Sardar Rao Bahadur Bhimbhai Ranchodji Naik, Mr. J. Vonesch, Mr. H. B. Moore, Mr. Girdharlal B. Kotak, Mr. J. 0. G. Barnes, Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta and Mr. C. V. Sane.'

·15 The President moved the following resolution :- RESOLUTION——"That the following members be appointed to form the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee 1. The President-Dewan Bahadur Sir T. Vijayaraghavacharya (ex-oſſicio), II. The Vice-President -Sir Purshotamdas Thakurdas (ex-officio), III. The Director, Institute of Plant Industry, Indore --- Mr. F. K. Jackson (er-officio), IV. Co-operative Representative-Rao Bahadur M. G. Deshpande (ex-officio), V. Cotton Growers' Representative-Mr. W. Roberts, VI. Cotton Trade Representative-Mr. H. B. Moore, VII. Four Agricultural Officers- Dr. W. Burns, Mr. J. H. Ritchie, Mr. H. R. Stewart, Mr. V. Ramanatha Iyer, VIII. Additional Members- Mr. B. C. Burt, Dr. L. C. Coleman, Mr. D. N. Mahta, Rai Saheb Thakur Ram Prasad Singh, Mr. H. H. Pandya, Mr. W. J. Jenkins, Mr. P. B. Richards, Mr. S. V. Ramamurty, Mr. C. V. Sane, Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta, IX. Co-opted members-Cotton Research Bolanist, wyspus and Cotton Research Botanist, Parbhani and X. The Secretary." This was seconded by Jr. Ritchie and carried wanimously. The President moved the following resolution : RESOLUTION-"That the following members lorem the Technologie Research Sub-Committee : The President (ex-officio), The Vice-President (er-officio), ·Mr. S. D. Saklatvala, Mir. B. C. Burt, Mr. H. R. Stewart, Dr. W. Burns, Mr. Chunilal B. Mchta, Mr. Y. G. Deshpande, Sath Naranlal Jivanlal, Mr. S. V. Ramamurly, Mr. 11. B. Moorc, Lala Shri Ram, Mr. E. J. W. Plummer and Dr. Nazir Ahmad, Thc Bonibay Millowners' Association, The Ahmedabad Millowne: Association and The East India Cotton Association will be asked noniinate (so repicscnlatives cach." The l'irr-President seconded the resolution which was carried. The Presiilent moved the following resolution :- RESOLUTION-." That the Research Students Selection Sub-Committe be composed of the following members :- The President, The Vice-President, Mr. B. C. Burt, Dr. W. Burns, Mr. P. B. Richards, Mr. H. R. Stewart, Mr. J. H. Ritchie, Mr. S. V. Ramamurty, Dr. L. C. Coleman, Mr. H. H. Pandya, Mr. W. J. Jenkins, Mr. F. K. Jackson, Mr. C. V. Sane, Dr. Nazir Ahmad." Mr. Vonesch seconded the resolution which was carried.

·17 The President moved : RESOLUTION—"That the Sub-Committee on Malpractices consists of the following members : The Vice-President, Mr. H. B. Moore, Seth Naranlal Jivanlal, Mr. J. O. G. Barnes, Mr. Chunilal B, Mehta, Dr. W. Burns, Sardar Sampuran Singh with power to co-opt." Mian Nurullah seconded the resolution which was carried. The President moved the following resolution:- RESOLUTION—"That the Cotton Forecast Improvement Sub-Committee be composed of the following :- The President, The Director General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics, The Director of Agriculture, Bombay Presidency, The Director of Agriculture, Punjab, The Director of Agriculture, Madras, The Director of Agriculture, United Provinces, The Director of Agriculture, Baroda, The Director General of Commerce and Industry, H. E. H. the Nizam's Government, Hyderabad and The Director of Land Records, Central Provinces and Berar." Ar. Saklattala seconded the resolution which was carried. SUBJECT 5.--Appointment of members on Board of East India Cotton Association. The President explained that untıl a formal amendment of the Articles of Association had been made, the Indian Central Cotton Committee, had to elect two out of the three gentlemen appointed. He suggested that nominations should be made in the order of votes secured by the members during their election at the last meeting of the Committee. This was agreed to, and Mian Nurullah and Mr. N. M. Deskmuklı were nominated to represent growers on the Board of Directors of the East India Cotton Association, MO-It Bk Y 702 ·16 Mr. S. D. Saklatvala, Mr. B. C. Burt, Mr. H. R. Stewart, Dr. W. Burns, Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta, Mr. Y. G. Deshpandc, Seth Naranlal Jivanlal, Mr. S. V. Ramamurly, Mr. H. B. Moore, Lala Shri Ram, Mr. E. J. W. Plummer and Dr. Nazir Ahmad, The Bombay Millowners' Association, The Ahmedabad Millowners' Association and The East India Cotton Association will be asked to nominate two representatives each.” The Fice-President seconded the resolution which was carried. The President moved the following resolution :- RESOLUTION-." That the Research Students Selection Sub-Committee be composed of the following members :- The President, The Vice-President, Mr. B. C. Burt, Dr. W. Burns, Mr. P. B. Richards, Mr. H. R. Stewart, Mr. J. H. Ritchie, Mr. S. V. Ramamurty, Dr. L. C. Coleman, Mr. H. H. Pandya, Mr. W. J. Jenkins, Mr. F. K. Jackson, Mr. C, V. Sane, Dr. Nazir Ahmad." Mr. Vonesch seconded the resolution which was carried.

·17 The President moved : RESOLUTION"That the Sub-Committee on Malpractices consists of the following members :- The Vice-President, Mr. H.B. Moore, Seth Naranlal Jivanlal, Mr.J.O.G. Barnes, Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta, Dr. W. Burns, Sardar Sampuran Singh with power to co-opt." Dian Nurullah seconded the resolution which was carried. The President moved the following resolution :- RESOLUTION--"That the Cotton Forecast Improvement Sub-Committee be composed of the following: The President, The Director General of Commercial Intelligent and Statistics, The Director of Agriculture, Bombay Presideart', The Director of Agriculture, Punjab, The Director of Agriculture, Madras, The Director of Agriculture, United Provinces The Director of Agriculture, Baroda, The Director General of Commerce and InA EEE Le Tizza's Government, Hyderabad and The Director of Land Records, Central Internet E** Mr. Saklattala seconded the resolution SUBJECT 5.-Appointment of me EIT Vors- Association, The President explained tha: ŽELI of Association had been report had to elect two out of time and that nominations should not fit to members during their em This was agreed 12. IIII were nominated to rx st. Liri -- East India Coticu linn MO-III Bk YT ·18 SUBJECT 6.--Cotton Policy in Surat. SUP.JECT 7.- Goghari cotton sourings in Navsari Tract. 7 The question of the continuation of the present policy in regard to 1027 A.L.F. cotton, provoked exhaustive discussion as to the relative merits of 1027 A.L.F. and 1A and disclosed some divergence of opinion on the merits of the two strains of cotton, though there seemed to be general agreement on the subject of continuing the present policy of encouraging the growing of 1027 A.L.F. cotton over as wide arcas as possible and of framing seed distribution schemes accordingly. Dr. Burns, who thought the best course would be to distribute 1A north of the Tapti and 1027 A.L.F. south of it, till a better strain that suited both regions was evolved, went into the history of the controversy in regard to the merits of the two strains and recalled the successive steps which the Agricultural Department took on the recommendations of the Indian Central Cotton Committee and the varying reactions which the marketing fortunes of the two different strains evoked, when the Agricultural Department began to distribute seeds of both qualities of cotton after isolating several strains of which 1027 A.L.F. and 1A were found to be the purest and the best. Traders and cultivators had, however, found that 1027 A.L.F. fetched, on the balance, a better · price than 1A, and, at any rate, with prospects in Lancashire in view, could count upon a wider market. Nevertheless, there were equally strong arguments in favour of 1A. Experimental tests and the experience of cultivators had established the superiority of IA over 1027 A.L.F., in respect of yield per acre and ginning percentage, and there was no denying the fact that in the relative position of the two strains, the cultivator stood to gain by favouring 1A, in view of its higher acreage yield, irrespective of its marketing prospects in relation to those of 1027 A.L.T. Meanwhile two new factors had come into the field. The Sonsek Group of Co-operative Societies, who had set up a clamour in favour of 1A, had themselves to go in for 1027 A.L.F. following a marked deterioration in the seed of 1A. · There was also an increasing demand for 1027 A.L.F. in Ahmedabad, as the purchases during the year had shown, and Lancashire was apparently satisfied with the results which experiments with this long-staple carried out through the Indian Cotton Enquiry Committee, Manchester, had yielded. The longer staple of 1027 A.L.F. was, therefore, a decisive point in favour of it considering its augmented market ability. Demand for Long Staple and Spinning Qualities. The real issue, therefore, which went in favour of 1027 A.L.F. was its better spinning quality and its longer staple —.91" as against •84" of 1A—two facts which, from the point of view of the spinner and, incidentally that of the cultivator, overshadow its greater loss in blow room treatment. As Seth Kasturbhai Lalbhai pointed out in the course ·19 of the discussion, this feature could always assure for 1027 A.L.F. a wider market. Also, there was always a difference of 3 to 5 7 counts in its favour which went to sustain its intrinsic worth at a higher level than 1A. Nevertheless, calculating the premium for 1027 A.L.F., at the rate of Rs. 11 per khandi, the grower realized Rs. 43-8-1 for JA and Rs 39-9-0 for 1027 A.L F. per acre. The difficulty lay, in spite of the intrinsically greater worth of 1027 A.L.F., in the fact that the cultivator, in the present scheme of prices, was not getting adequate price for 1027 A.L.F. The remedy pointed to a greater vigilence towards the marketing conditions, the need for which was becoming more apparent in view of the persistent campaign of the Sonsek group against 1027 A.L.F. The question of leaving the field clear to 1A could not be entertained if 1027 A.L.F. were not to be eventually elbowed out of the market, nor would the simultaneous distribution of the two varieties lead to anything but the mixing up of both the varieties. Another fact which had to be borne in mind was the increasing demand for long staple cotton condition which 1027 A.L F. eminently satisfies,—in view of the new avenuo of marketing which preference in Lancashire is bound to stimulate. This fact was re-emphasised by Sardar Sampuran Singh. No decisive factor in favour of 14 The fact that 1A brought greater profits to the cultivators, as. Ir. Vouesch pointed out, was by no means a decisive and permanent frature in the market value of IA, and harlly afforded a basis for a correct appreciation of its merits in relation to its prices, in view of the fact that 1A occupies a much smaller area than 1027 A. L. F and consequently has lann on www.hmon!.. ant....! the figures before the Committee, the difference in price between the two cottons varied only from Rs. 7 to Rs. 15 per khandy, but it was clear, from what the millowners had to say on the subject, that 1027 4.L.F. was worth Rs. 15-20 more than 1A. Nevertheless, IA fetebed more per acre of its produce than 1027 A.L.F. But there is also the aided fact, to which Rao Bahadur Shirahatti drew attention, that LA is grown in the same region as 1027 A.L.F. and shares its reputatim; and the positi Uties point in the direction of a decline in its prices if 1027 ALF. WERE to leave the field clear to it 1. Cannond 11. P. n. view that the g 1A north of t1 interests of 10% A.L.F. lay in extending the markets, and we learners the breach, prices of 1027 A.L.¥. Konj te ETZEE position stood at prescat, there was not india returns which cultivators made ont LR acreage yield and better ginning og god song profits thus derived were deposits YO-IN Bk Y 70-2a ·20 yet be difficult to force the cultivators to give up 1A for 1027 A.I.F. Bombay Presidency used only rd of the seed of 1027 A.L.F. produced lır the Agricultural Department and the rest went outside to Rajpipla and Chhota Udepur whicre, despite penalties against the use of any but 1027 A.L.F., certain strips along the border grew Goghari. Boile down to essentials, however, the question was whether the subsidising of Rs. 66,000 which the Agricultural Research Sub- Committee had recommended for financing the seed distribution scheme should go in favour of lA or 1027 A.L.F. It was clear that the growing.' of both in allocated regions simultaneously presented administrative difficulties in addition to leaving inducements for the two varieties to be mixed up. On a long view, estimating the relative merits of both, the . scales seemed to be definitely weighed down in favour of 1027 A.L.F. and the question of improving its marketing, and securing its better prices was one of better organization as well as of expanding markets, to which the encouraging assurances from Lancashire might well be supposed to make a significant contribution. The proposition on being put to vote, there was a general declaration in favour of the present policy in regard to 1027 A.L.F. SUBJECT 8.-Adoption of universal standards for Indian cottons. The Vice-President, moving a resolution thanking the East India Cotton: Association and the Karachi Cotton Association for their co-operation in the preparation of common standards for Indian cottons, pointed out that after the necessary spadework, efforts in that direction had to be kept in abeyance, while the Delhi Conference for the Indo-Japanese negotiations was in deliberation. Little, therefore, could be done along the lines intended and it was felt that, in the circumstances, it was only: right to defer the date, till the President of the East India Cotton Association was in a position to recommend certain types after having. been to Karachi. One little difficulty which, however, could be got over by amending their Articles of Association was that any decision that was. taken by the Standards Sub-Committee was not technically binding on their Association. October, it was suggested, would suit very well for starting the work and a beginning with Desi Bengals, Sind-Punjab. and Rajputana according to the classification of the East India Cotton Association and all Punjab-American could be made, for which the necessary preliminary work had been done. As to Oomras it was-hoped that the East India Cotton Association would fall in with any suggestion the Committee might make regarding the co-operation of agricultural bodies with the Association in preparing the standards. In answer to a question if Bengal standards could now be prepared, it was explained that standards once passed should hold good througliout the season. Delay of a year was hardly of consequenceafter having done without standards for so long. The resolution was carried.

·21 SURJECT 9 ----Proposed introdluctron* of a common unit for the purchase of scend cotton throughout India. The meeting passet a resolution approving of thic policy advised by the Government of Bombay and the Government of the United Provinces that both the Railway maund of 82% lbs, which is based on the tola, and the khandy of 784 lbs. based on the pound avoirdupois, should be retained and that efforts shonld first be directed towards climinating unauthorised maunds and khandies It was pointed out that the Government of Bombay and the United Provinces had their systenis of weight, one based on the tola and the other on the pound avoirlupois, and the views elicited from other provincial Governments had advocated the adoption of either of the two, according to the needs of the particular province. In the circumstances it was felt, there would be no agreement, if either was abolished and the best course open was to do away with unauthorised maunds and khandica SUBJECT 10 --Conference of uorlers on cotton groiing problems -- Reference from the Empire Cotton Groning Corporation This subject merely referred to the Conference of Workers on Cotton Growing Problems on a reference from the Empire Cotton Growing Association, and the Secretary's note inviting names of those officers who were likely to be in London on the occasion of the Conference to take place on the 18th and 19th July 1934 was recorded SUBJECT 11 - Quarters for the Director, Institute of Plant Industry, Indore. The subject which next came up for discussion was the provision of quarters for the Director, Institute of Plant Industry, Indore, out of the Committee's funds provided for the specific purpose of promoting agricultural research. It was conceded that the Board of Governors of the Institute as a directive body on which the Indian Central Cotton Committee was represented had the right to lay down its policy; but the main contention was whether the funds provuled by the Committee for the specific purpose of promoting research could be diverted to undertakings not intended by the Committee, and in the face of the unanimous opposition of those who represented the Committee on the Board of rovenworx. A constudional issue. The specific instance in which the proposal for proying quarters for the Director of the Institute was hurried through raised an 195ue which, if it was left alone, would, it was felt, set up a precedent which the Committee could not afterwards challenge Quite apart from the fact that the provision of quarters for the Director was no part of the objects for which the Committee gave away its funds. The Committee * Appendix I (page 39) ·22 which borr a substantial sharr in the annual budget expenditure of the Institute, in addition to Baving sunk Rs. 2,83,536-11-9 on capital expenditure, was entitled to demand thint the grants made out of its funds were spent for the specific purposes for which they were intended and to call to account such as were not done. It was also maintained that the Rs. :10,000 allocated for the building purposes over the heads of those who represented the Committee on the Board of Governors was an enormous sun and out of all proportion to its utility, seeing that the sum so spent would be lost to the Committee for all time without any hope of return. Mr. Jackson. the Director of the Institute, contended that the proposed building did not involve the Committee in any new expenditure and that the expense incurred could he met by drawing on the savings from the Committee's.previous grants which were effected by rigid cconomy in the Institute's cxpenses. It was pointed out to him that the Committee made its grants for specific purposes and the fact that it did not impose restrictions as to the method of spending them did not entitle the Institute to spend them in any manner it thought fit. It was felt, therefore, in going into the question of next year's budget grant, that the Standing Finance Sub-Committee should go into the specific sum to be granted, not exceeding Rs. 1,15,000. An amendment to the original Resolution, reducing the budget of the Institute by Rs. 10,000 or such sum as the Standing Finance Sub-Committee might decide, was passed by a majority, four voting against it. SUBJECT 12.-The Trade Agreement with Japan. The work done by Sardar Rao Bahadur B. R. Naik and Mr. Vonesch as delegates of the Committee in connection with the Indo-Japanese Tradc negotiations was accorded unstinted appreciation by the Committee. It was felt that the achievement made in regard to the cotton portion of the agreement with Japan was a matter for congratulation. It was stressed that in pressing the claims of Indian cottons, the interests of the growers had all along been the chief concern in which the millowners were quite willing to make whatever sacrifices they were urged to, in the firm belief that the prosperity of the industry was linked up with the interests of the growers. It was also urged that the work of the Special Sub-Committee to find new markets for short stapled Indian cotton should continue and that it should advise cotton growers as to what variety of cotton was likely to be in demand, both for home consumption and export abroad. It was obvious that the future of the short staple cotton, in so far as existing foreign markets gave any indications, was not particularly promising and the need at present was for exploring new markets. Meanwhile, a parallel need, with an eye to existing foreign markets and the tendency of Indian mills to go in for finer counts and consequently to use long stapled cotton, was to explore the possibilities of extending the areas under medium and long stapled cottons and to that end, to test medium stapled cotton in areas at present under short stapled cotton.

·made to try longer staplez on hitt to stpbin 2735 23 Incidentally, the problem of converting such areas, particularly those in the Central Provinces and Berar into long or medium stapled cotton growing areas did not afford basis for optimism and, for a long time to come, the problem of finding markets for varieties now being produced would remain, Lancashire, whose largest customer was Indin, might, it was urged, use more cotton of the kind that Japan and China can afford to use at present, especially that produced in Berar and the Central Provinces, by altering their machinery to suit the requirements of short stapled cotton. The need, however, for the establishment of a better proportion between long, medium and short stapled cottons could not be minimised in view of the changed conditions of spinning and the prospects of yet more changes looming ahead. There was no good reason to suppose that, at the end of the three years which limit the life of the Iodo Japanese Trade Agreement, a new agreement with Japan on the same lines would be possible; and in the meantime, with the creation of ner cotton growing tracts in Sind which afford enormous possibilities for the production of long stapled cotton, it might be possible to shape the production of cotton in conformity with the demands of foreign markets. In the main, however, our object should be to grow a cotton, wherever possible, which the Indian mills used, and for which there was a world demand. The Agreement with Japan could not be taken as an unmixed blessing, seeing we were tied down to definite commitments in regard to the purchase of manufactured fabrics from her. The subject was wound up by the President testifying to the magnanimity and statesmanship which Indian manufacturers displayed in regard to the interests of the growers, even when they apparently came into conflict with their own. SUBJECT 13. Greater use of Indian cotton in the United Kingdom. India has been by far and away the biggest customer the United Kingdom has had for her manufactured fabrics, and the reciprocal obligations on the latter, reinforced by political affiliations which intimately bidd up the fortunes of the two countries together, ought to ensure a sufficiently dependable outlet for her raw cotton. It was some consolation that the United Kingdom, as Sir Richard Jackson who opened the discussion assured the Committee, was making experiments with short stapled Indian cottone and that thou had man patinetest... was also evident t use for the kind been using. Recent efforts have shown that the production of IS staple cottons in areas hitherto giren to prodcing short es fraught with various difficulties, not the least among which make poverty and illiteracy of the Indian cukiratz. Attengt continue to be of short stals an, ud til ·finding market for the grower would remain as insistent as ever. The possibilities of raising more long stapled cottons, though hopeful on a long view, did not answer immediate exigencies. The Committee on its part was anxious to push those varieties which commanded a world minrket and to the end, has been organizing research on various staples. Nonetheless Lancashire, with her long experience iņ textile minnufacture could speed up tests on short staples and explore the possibilities of putting short stripled Indian cotton to greater use along lines whirl (hina and Japan have found practicable. It was also necessary for Lancashire to recognize that what little was produced in India of long stapled cottons found ready market in India, and with its output so restricted, it would not be possible for Lancashire to get much of that variety unless she was prepared to pay higher premium. It was, houever. recognized that Lancashire. Javing to compete in the world market, would find it dillicult to maintain her manufactures at competitive rates without access to raw cotton at prices that would enable lier to sell her finished goods at remunerative rates. The best remedy, therefore, in the existing circumstances, Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta declared, in the course of the discussions, seemed to be to give effect to the resolution of the Indian Central Cotton Committee passed at Karachi in February 1933, asking for a tariff preference for Indian cotton which would enable Indian cotton to sell on a larger scale in Lancashire. SUBJECT 14.--Reduction of railway freight: on cotton-Resolution to be moved by Rao Bahadur G. R. Kothare. Rao Bahadur Kothare who moved the resolution for the reduction of Railway freight on cotton pointed out that the precarious lookout for the cultivator occasioned by a general collapse of the prices had worsened to despair by the maintenance of Railway freights at an exhorbitant level. He recalled the recommendations of the Indian Central Cotton Committee made as far back as 1930 for a reduction of Railway freights, made to the Government of India. Ginning and pressing rates had gone down but relief had not come to the cultivator because the persistence of the present high level of Railway freight had dogged the free flow of cotton according to demand. Mr. Roberts supporting the resolution stated that the present railway freight on cotton from the Punjab to Bangalore was Rs. 6 per bale as against. Rs. 3-8-0 by sea through Karachi, and as a result of his representation the Railway Board had offered to reduce the freight to Rs. 3-5-0, but on an examination of the details obtained, it was found that the North Western Railway had. made no reduction in their share of the transport, though the others involved must have made reductions from anywhere between 100 per cent. to 40 per cent. Almost all the 'Railways belonged to the State, and there ought to be a uniform policy for all and the Railway Board ought to have powers to compel through telescopic rates, as if dealing with one railway system. The resolution on being put to vote was carried unanimously ·adopted The report also prer entrants as Junior Tester 2 som SMS * 05 SUBJECT 15 ----Half-yearly Report* of the Publicity and Propaganda Officer. The next subject to come up was the IIalf-yearly Report of the Publicity and Propaganda Officer, reviewing the work done by him in diffusing knowledge of important economic improvements effected in Indian cottons as a result of various research schemes working under the auspices of the Committee The valuable assistance received from the Publicity Officer in the extension of cotton cultivation in the Right Bank areas of the Indus in Sind was particularly appreciated. In adopting the report, mention was made of the notable assistance given by the Publicity Officer in connection with the Indian Empire Exhibition recently held at Lahore. The Vice-President expressed gratification at the testimony bome to the efforts of the Publicity Officer from unexpected quarters, and felt sure that Mr. Lihra would give more time to touring and justify the addition of the Publicity Department SUBJECT 16 --Report of the Cotton Forecast Improvement Sub-Committee. In view of the criticisms levelled against Provincial aprl All-India Forecasts, the Cotton Forecast Improvement Sub-Committee had been appointed to investigate the causes which led to the forecasts not being a reliable as could be; this Sub-Committee recommended. among others, a scheme of two years' tenure at an estimated cost of Rs. 10,091 for the improvement of the cotton forecasts of the Bombar Presidency. The resolution adopting the report of the Sub-Committee was carried. SUBJECT 17.--Technological Research--Progress Report of us. Director, Technological Laboratory. SUBJECT 18.-Technological Research-Parts of the Tond!..] Rescarch Sub-Commiltre. - wł, to be spring and other trainiară (2724 the Laboratory, were done to the commik The report of the Technologi:! PS: recommended the renewal of the concepcion tory which would expire on 310 Varicamagitan sēža years, on a revised scale of salt 253 present salary, 18 a substantial grannar of the 10th anniversary! :L. The loud'. 21:

·20 SUBJECT...-19 10 22. 24 10 28, 30, 34 and 35----Reports of the Agri culturul Rescarch Sub-Commitlee and the Standing Finance Sub-Commilloc, and Agricultural Rescarch Schemes--ims, Objects and Resulls. *Prport of the agricultural Research Sub-Committer. The Committee proceeded to consider the demand for grants for research and seed schemes in the order of precedence as drawn up by the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee. CLASS I-SPECIAL SCHEMES. (1) The Punjab TV'hile-Fly Scheme.---The Punjab White-Fly Scheme had made good progress during the last three years, but several aspects of it huc remained untouched and Mr. Stewart had put up proposals for extending the scheme for a further three years in order to try out all the possibilities. The Agricultural Research Sub-Committee examined the proposals aud recommended a curtailment of the programme to two years instead of three, by eliminating such items of the programme as appeared to be more or less of academic interest. The scheme was approved according to the recommendations of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee. (2) Punjab Spraying Trials Scheme.--During the investigations of the White-Fly Scheme certain insecticides were found very effective in killing the pests and the Committee, on the recommendations submitted had sanctioned a scheme for one year at a cost of Rs. 11,250 for spraying 2,000 acres of cotton with some of the insecticides, and though 1,900 acre: were actually sprayed during the year, there was a saving of nearly hal the funds granted; so an additional amount of Rs. 1,250 would enable the scheme to be extended for a year more. The Punjab Provincia Cotton Committee which considered the results so far obtained had strongly felt that a year's trial would be too inadequate to give any indication as to their utility, but in view of their demonstrable successes should be given a trial for a year or two more. The Agricultural Research Sub-Committee had also approved of this proposal and the scheme as recommended was approved. (3) Seed Distribution and Extension Scheme, Tirupur.-Rao Bahadur Ananda Rao referred to the appointment by the Committee of a Business Manager to help the group of Co-operative Societies in the Coimbatore District in the grading of cotton in order to spread an improved variety of Cambodia cotton, for a period of five years. The Business Manager took up his work in 1931 and his term would expire in 1936, but in the meanwhile the Committee had sanctioned another scheme for the distribution of Co. 2 seed in the Tirupur area and had entrusted the Business Manager with this scheme also which would last till 1937. The proposal was therefore to extend his term till the end of the Seed Scheme and to * Appendix IV (page 51).

·27 ! provide bim with clerical assistance and office accommodation, as the Jo-operative Societies who had undertaken this part of tho bargain had bailed to keep to it after the first year. The Agricultural Rescarch Sub- Committee while approving of part of the proposal thought it too carly to consider extension of his appointment, and the proposal was approved my according to its recommendation (4) Surat Cotton Seed Distribution and Extension Scheme (Subject 27).- 1. This scheme which was, as Dr. Burns cxplained, only a continuation of the policy of spreading 1027 A.LF in Surat, would involve a further sum of Rs. 66,390 and bad been approved by the Agricultural Research Sub- Committee. It would be extended over a period of five years, and in view of the danger to which it was exposed, this propaganda to cover the whole area as quickly as possible was necessary and the amouut ganctioned would be spent on the staff engaged for the purpose The proposal was approved by the Committee. 1 CLASS II–New RESEARCH SCHEMES. (1) Scheme for suney of the disease of malformation in Punjab American ottons (Subject 20) - This was a proposal for a grant of Rs. 2,674 for he provision of an additional assistant who would work under the Cotton Research Botanist in ascertaining the extent to which the disease of malformation which attacked American cotton in the Punjab was prevalent. This disease was serious enough to warrant a rescarch of this nature, but the Punjab Government had not come forward to help, and the scheme, as intended at present, was only to find out the incidence and importance of the disease. The scheme as recommended by the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee was sanctioned. (2) Central Provinces and Berar Entomological Scheme (Subject 19).- The Boll Worm was doing considerablc damage in the Central Provinces and Berar, and the scheme, which was sanctioned by the Agrcultural Research Sub-Conimittee and was meant to find out the extent of the damage and to see if it would be worthwhile applying the methods recommended in the Surat Boll Worm Research Scheme, was sanctioned for two years at a total cost of Rs. 0,773 CLASS III–NEW SEED SCIEBIES. Among the new seed schemes approved by the Committee on the recommendations of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee was one for the multiplication and supply of pure Banilla cotton seed on the Deccan Canals (Subject 26) and (2) another for the extension of long staple cotton in the Central Provinces and Berar (Subject 35). Central Provinces and Befar have been principally short stapled cotton growing areas and very largely dependent on a single buyer It was thought desirable, in order to simplify this problem, to maintain a reasonable proportion Letween short, medium and long stapled cottons. (3) Another scheme submitted by the Director of Agriculture, United Provinces, for the propagation of C. 402 cotton in the Jlardoi and

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·29 to take in band the actual work of extensions. Ilie Luluilulilu mus liv! committed to any immediate expenditure on tho proposed extensions, Fand the Finance Sub-Committee would consider the svggestion of 1 expressing its opinion on them, and put up propustis II DOCEBINY WELU! the full Conmittee. Aleanwhile, the purchase of the plots was made in anticipation of extension, as they were adjacent to the Laboratory grounds and thus offered suitable sites for the extension of the blow-room, yorn testing section and the research laboratory, and as could be seen from the proposals put up by Dr. Nazir Ahmad. the extension was unavoidable as the grounds owned by the Laboratory did not provide sufficient building area for the purpose. The report of the Standing Finance Sub-Committee was adopted and "a resolution was passed approving of the Revised Estimates for 1933-34 and the Budget for 1934-35 as amended by the Committee, dgncultural Research Schemes-Aims, Objects and Results, In view of the impending consideration of the various research schemes and of financing their annual expenditure, the Vice-President dres attention to the following statement, which the Secretary had at his suggestion prepared showing the opening balances, as anticipated on the 1st April every year during the next five years : Ry. 1st April 1934 25,70,000 1935 17,09,467 1936 12,78,674 1937 9,20,075 1938 7,81,002 In estimating these figures, the Secretary bad assumed that Cotton Cess Collections would amount to Rs. 5 lakhs in round figures and that all the new extension schemes which had been approved by the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee at its last meeting might be voted But no provision was made for expenditure on the Institute of Plant Industry after 3let March 1935 when'the Committee's contract with the Institute would expire, or on the United Provinces Pink Boll-Worm Extension Scheme, as the scheme had been held up througla suspense as to the intentions of the Government of the United Provinces Mr. Vonesch pointed out that the estimates were lased on the assumption that apart from schemes at present under consideration, no meu schence's would be sanctioned during the next five years, a course skich reemd unthinkable. Every scheme was entered into with an eye to definite economic regults, and it were better that those which did not com 79 17 13 11 21

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·33 RESOLUTIOXS. The Trade Agreement with Japan. 1, "That the Indian Central Cotton Committee marks its approval in a very cordial manner of the work done by Sardar Rao Bahadur B. R. Nark and tr. Vonesch as delegates of this Committee in connection with the Indo-Japanese trade negotiations ". Tole of thanks to His Excellency the Gorernor of Bombay. “That the best thanks of the Committee to voted to His Escellency the Governor for the honour he had done in visiting 18 this morning ". 3 4. Appointment of l'ice-President. "That Sir Purshotamdas Thakurdas bo re-appointed Vice-President for the year 1931-33". Standing Finance Sub-Commiller, "That the following members bo appointed to form the Standing Finance Sub-Committee for the financial year 1931-35,- Sir Purshotamdas Tha kurdas, Dewan Bahadur Sir T Vijayaragbaracharya (ez-offico). WI SD Saklatvals, Sardar Rao Bahadur Bhimbhai Ranchodji Naik, Mr. J. Vonesch, Rao Bahadur G R. Kothare, Mr J, O G Barnes, Mr. Chunilal B. Mehta and Mr. HB Moore", 5 Cotton Ginning an Pressing Factories Sub-Committee. "That the following members be appointed to form the Cotton Ginning and Pressing Factories Sub-Commuttee:- The Vice-President., Br J Vonesch, W JO G Barnes, Bir Chunilal B. Nichta, Bir G. B Kotak, Mr J. Nuttall, Mr W. Roberts, ML E.J W. Plummer, ML1. Y, G. Deshpande, Bir H B. Moore, Rao Bakadur M. G Deshpande and Lala Shri Ram (Co-opted member)". MO-I BE Y70_3

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·33 RESOLUTIONS. The Trade Agreement rith Japan. 1. "That the Indian Central Cotton Committee marks its approval in a very cordial manner of the work done by Sardar Rao Bahadu B. R. Maik and Nr. Vonesci as delegates of this Committee in connection with the Indo-Japanese trade negotiations". year 1931-35". 4 Vole of thanks to His Ercellency the Governor of Boinbay. 3. "That the best thanks of the Committee bo voted to His Excellency the Governor for the honour he had done in visiting us this morning". Appointment of T'ice-President, 3. "That Sir Purshotamdas Tlakurdas be rc-appointed Vice-President for the Standing Finance Sub-Committee “ 'That the following members be appointed to form the Standing Finance Sub-Committee for the financial year 1931-33:- Sır Purshotamdas Thakurdas, Dewan Bahadur Sir T Vijayaraghavacharya (ex-offico). Mr. S D. Sallatvala, Sardar Rao Bahadur Bhimbhai Rancholji Naik, Br J Vonerch, Ray Bahadur GR Kothare, Mr. J. O, G. Barnes, Mr. Chunilal B Mehta and Ir. H. B Bloore". Cotton Ginning and Pressing Factories Sub-Committee “That the following members be appointed to form the Cotton Ginning and Pressing Factories Sub-Committee:- The Vice-President, Mr. J. Vonesch, Jr. J.O G Barnes, Ir. Chunilal B Mehta, Ir. G. B Kotak, Dir. J Nuttall, Mr. W Roberts, Mr. E.J. W. Plummer, Mfr. Y, G. Deshpande, DL, H, B Moore, Rao Bahadur M. G Deshpande Lala Slui Ram (Co-opted mem' X0-1 BK Y 70-3

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·35 1 Technological Rescarck Sub-Committee. 8. "That the following members form the Technological Research Sub-Committee The President, (ex-oficio), The Vice-President, (ex-officio), Mr SD Saklatvala, Mr BC Burt, Mr HR Stewart, Dr W Burns, Air Chumlal B Mehta, Ir F G Deshpande, Seth Naranlal Jivanlal, Jr SV Romamurty, Mr II B. Moore, Lala Shri Ram, Mr. E J W. Plummer and Dr. Nazır Ahmad, The Bombay Jillowhers' Association, The Ahmedabad Millowners' Association and The East India Cotton Association will be asked to nominate tro representatives each ". Research Students Selection Sub-Committee. 9 “That the Research Students Selection Sub-Commitee be composed of the following members.-- The President, The Vice-President, Mr. B. C Burt, Dr. W. Burns, Ir. P. B. Richards, lf. R. Stewart, Mr.J H. Ritchie, Mr S. V. Ramamurty, Dr L. C Coleman, Mr. H. H. Pandya, Mr. W. J. Jenkins, Mr. F. K Jackson, Mr. C. V. Sane, Dr. Nazir Ahmad ”. MO-I Bk Y 70-34

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·37 the Khandy of 781 lbs., which is based on the pound avoirdupois, should be retained and that efforts should first be concentrated on the elimination of unauthorised maunds and unauthorised Khandies". Quarters for the Director, Institute of Plant Industry, Indore 14. "That the Budget of the Institute of Plant Industry, Indore, for 1931-33 be reduced by Rs 40,000 or such sum as the Standing Tinance Sub-Committee might decide 15 Reduction of Rrulay Freight on Cotton “In view of the low prices of cotton continually for the last four or five years, the Indian Central Cotton Committee earnestly requests the Indian Government to prevail upon the Railway Board to reduce the railway freight on cotton 80 as to afford relief to the agriculturists Half-yearly Report of the Publicity and Propaganda Officer 16. "That the Report of the Publicity and Propaganda Officer be adopted". Report of the Cotton Forecast Improvement Sub-Commillce. 17. "That the Report of the Cotton Forecast Improvement Sub-Committee be adopted ”. Progress Report of the Director, Technological Laboratory. 18. "That the Progress Report of the Director, Technological Laboratory, be adopted". Report of the Technological Research Sub-Committee. 19. "That the Report of the Technological Research Subammittar'aantal". Report of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee 20. "That a special meeting of the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee be fixed as early as feasible in April, but not later than May 15th, to consider the papers on Subject 34 of the Agenda of this meeting, and that all members of the Agri:ultural Research Sub- Committee, specially technical members, be asked to submit their memoranda to the Secretary not later than 31st March 1934".

·40 66.212. separate cotton maund of 28 lbs. They would not be opposed to a system toid call cwt, by defining a bhoja as 3} cits, and a khandi as 7 cits. A summary of the opinions of the East India Cotton Associntion and the han Cotton Association who were also consulted by the Bombay Government is : below: The East India Cotton Association state that in the opinion of their Board the atos of measures towards the unification of weights in all cotton transactions through India is not feasible at present. Thy adrocate the standardisation of the Porto khandi of 784 lbs. for all transactions in cotton, kapas and cotion seed in the Preside of Bombay excluding Sind, but including Indian States in the Presidency' limits. The Karachi Cotton Association are in favour of the adoption of a uniform system: weights throughout India particularly in the Bombay Presidency. The standardit consider suitable is the railtray maund of 82 217 lbs. The riers of the Indian Cotton Committee on this subject are giren in the following extract from its report:- Before leaving the general question of markoting, we would mention 1:3, Standardisation of during the course of our tour, our attention was frequentis call! weights. to the hampering effect on the cotton trade which results from t® great variety in the weights used for transactions in cotton not rinnat in different provinces but also in different districts and parts of districts in the ti province. Over the greater part of the Bombay Presidencs, cotton is bought and s} on the basis of a khandi of 784 pounds of lint, irhich is, in consequence, known not! Bombay khandi. In the south of the Presidency, tho unit is the nng of 336 pounis, In Khandesh, the khandi varies from 160 to 250 pounds and the reight of the firali? varies from 42 pounds at Bodwad to 141 pounds at Dhulin and Imainer. Tin Madras khandi is only 500 lbs. of lint, but in the Westerns 'tract. cotton is solidly the nag of 312 pounds. At Cawnpore, there is a spocini cotton minund of 100 poun? for both lint and kapas. In other parts of the United Provinces, the standard mini: of $2 217 pounds is generally used for kapas, lint being sold in bales of 400 lbs. In the Punjab and Sind, both kapas and lint are sold on the standard maun. of $27 pounds. It is only in the Central Provinces and Berar that the weights used in t.. cotton markets have been prescribed or aro regulated by Government. In both 0.12%, the maund used is one of 28 pounds. Under thio by-laws of the Nagpur murkei, ir khandi is one of 784 pounds of kupas and a bhoja means 39 pounds of lint. Tia Ishandi and the bhoja are not defined in tho rules of the Berar markri, bulan, in practice, the same as those in use at Nagpur. The advantages to the trade which would result iſ some uniform 12") of sights could be adopted for all transactions in cotton are so obvious that lies neer soos enlarged upon. At the same time, a fruitful source of loss to the cultivator mouli figo romoved. There is no doubt that the present lack of system ofliers gan at opportunitir: for cheating him, of which many dealors and others are not slow to ninil themelretnu tliey are assisted in doing so by the fact that, even where the man is in 1-, many the weighbridges in ginocries are marked in lundred-Heights, quarters and wine instead of in maunds. Wo arc, thercforc, strongly of opinion that in the interest: Ini!!s of the trade and of the cultivator, the weights used in cotton transactions throughing India should be standardised. The Bombay Bhandi is such a well linnun weight liit already in uso in so many of tho principal cotton tracts in India that we coulde;i desirable that the standard weights should be sub-nultiples of that. We do 110, 11 fore, support the recommendation of the eights and Veasur's Committee of 1993.14, that the standard muund of forty seers or $227 pounds should be ciople in this is truly used, at present, for cotton transactions in the Punjnlı, Sind, and parts of the Union! Provinces, does not correspond to the avoirdupois scale and lears 10 sulation 10 PS the khandis in use in cotton growing tracts. The man we woului secumnione in rissa! 28 pounds. Fourtcen maunds would then be equal to one blar, ms, or lilinja 3:2 pounds and two bhars, nagas or bhojas trould be cqunl in ono kondior 75 powi. Tr* advantage of this soalc is that it fits in with the scale which, its ve list ginintateur. i in uso in the Bombay markets as well as in the principal cortail hrowin iracla, 1963 fits in with the woight of the ordinary balo which, evergrotivne in imia, exrregal d'; !!** south of Madras where it is 500 pounds, is 100 pounds girl: The aller for ti eight pounds which reduces the net weight of the linle in 372 pounds literis ) Bhandi. Its adoption would therefore cause the least dislorntion dui inrossrmik?" the trade. To avoid confusion, wo would recommend that the map supraventrion! should bo known as the cotton maun. No consider i dritabile that a!! 1.r 4.!? used in cotton transactions should be in pounds nroirdupois aol, in our opinios"** introduction of tho sccr into the scale would only caur unupy%-.151* 4!?!?!?!": $ ·to of paragrap "213. 14 regards the measures which should be taken to bring about a universal adoption of the scale suggested above, se hare inoluded in the Plea, tres nacentary scheme for the licensing of ginnenes and presse's put forward ja that ono of tlo standardisation weights condition to ginnerics and presses standard weights prescribed for the tract shoul llend that, in tho legislation, we have proposer otton murkots in provinces other than the Central Provinces and Berur, power should kn tahen to na wat hy " *** la ton! hohe 1 and without notice, to inspect, esamine and test any scale or weights voed, hept, or possessed in any open place within the limits of a market. If standard weights aro prescrihed for markets, ginnene, and presses, there can loc no question but that their aloption for all transactions in cotton will follow in a very short time the weights, impressed with the disadvantages of the present system, both to the trade and tho cultivator, that we consider that, if there are difficulties in prescribing uniform standard Weights for the whole of India, an attempt should, at any rate, be made to socuro uniformity within each province." APPENDIX II SUBJECT 15 –Half yearly Report of the Publicity and Propaganda Officer une advent of its 28th mpeting finds the Committee's activities far more widely known and the effect of its steadily growing propaganda far more definitely felt than was the icouraging I 19 satis ly has the ·Very useful. Similarly the Secretary of the Indian Cotton Enquiry Committee (Manchester) wrote asking for additional copies of communiqués. The following is the list of the Press Communiqués :- (1):711 Viccting of the Indian Central Cotton Committee-A summary of proceed. ings of the meeting (2) Huilerabad quest for better Gaorani-Various stages of experiments on this innligenous variety and studies to evolve a strain which will hare its valuable spinning qualities and also possess other suitable economic characters of good yield and spinning oulturn. (3) Safety-first measures against importation of cotton pests-How and thş .Imerican cotton and forcign cotton secd are fumigated. (1) Testing of Indian cottons for quality at the Technological Laboratory, press 11018 on Bulletin Vo. 20, Series 4, published by the Director of the Technological Lnboratory at Matunga. (6) The Institute rif Plant Industry, Indore-A description of the works being done on production and improvement of raw cotton. (0) Tr United Provinces Entomological Scheme Heat treatment measures to control the l'ink Boll-vorm. 1o) Improvement of cotton in the Punjabı Botanical and Agricultural Research. (8) Importance of Punjab Root Rot Scheme. (9) Object of the Pink Boll-frorm Scheme in the Punjab. (10) Damage caused to the Punjab cotton crop by the White Fly. (11) Defibrating and Delinting cotton in the Punjab. (13) Biknner Gang Canal Scheme. (13) Hariíul effects of Cholom in succeeding cotton crop. (14) Cotton Leaf Hopper in the Punjab. Press Communiqués were given prominence in most of the British cotton trade journals together with editorial introductory notes drawing the attention of the public to the iniportance of the subjects dealt with. In at least one case, they figured also on the poster of a journal-thus proving that the Press and the public alike were realising the national, imperial and international value of Indian cotton. Pamphlets. A draft account of the detailed study of the life history and habits of the spotted boll. vorm in South Gujerat, estimate of damage caused by this pest and the various control measures tricd was prepared, following the collaboration that took place between the Bombay Department of Agriculture and the Publicity Department of the Indian Central Cotton Committee in the clean-up campaign at Broach. At tho instance of the Director of Agriculture, Bombay, the question of publication was deferred to April 1934, when more information till be available as to the effect of the big clean-up of 1933. Brochure. i profusely illustrated brochure entitled “The Indian Central Cotton Committee, its objects, activities and achievements, with special reference to the Punjab, Sind, the United Prorinces and Central India” was published in December and freely distributed at the Indian Empire Exhibition, Lahore, in December-January to people who showed interest in the exhibits that were put up at our stalls. Up-to-date information about cotton legislation, for which the Committee vas responsible, on the work of the Techno logical Laboratory and the Institute of Plant Industry aroused much interest, The chapters on the Committee's schemes in the Punjab, the United Prorinces, Sind and Central India gave brief but sufficient knowledge of the Committee's activities in mproring cotton in these tracts. The bulletin also included a Note on research students and the fumigation of cotton. Leaflets. The following leaflet was published in English and Diarathi :- Some problems of cotton growing and its rotation crops in Central Province: and Berar and the work hitherto done on them by the Botanical Section, Nagpur and at the Akola Farm, under the auspices of the Indian Central Cotton Committee."

·43 toi and #eed ntl.e subject Government (3) The following leaflet was published in English: "Cotton Research in the Punjab " It reviened the studies of various botanical and agricultural problems, the Roct Riot Scheme and the Punk Boll.worn Schem. The following leaflet was published in Unlu, Marathi and Kanarese - "The Hyderabad Botanical Schone." Summary Proceedings In purtance of the suprestion of Jr. B C Burt at the 17th meeting of the Committee in August 1933, that the Publicity Officer might pirrare a summary of the discussions in a little les formal manner for the benefit of members of all Chambers of Conimene, Trade Associations, Co operative Societies and others, the Summary Proceediogs have been published. It is hope that this readable form of the Summary Proceediugg will be of benefit to the people concerned, Postcre. The Poster" India's Bid for Supremacy in the Worlil's Cotton dlarhets "continued to bo in goml demand. At the request of the Indian Government Trade Commissioner, Hamburg, a large cumber of these posters was sent for duplay in Germany. Copies were also sent to various British Cotton Trade Organizata 8, which gave these posters nation-wuie publicity Thr Publicity and Propaganda Department has been devoting good deal of attention to the preparation of two new posters la consultation with Provincial Departments of for printing the samr, which are not in hand, are complete Indian Empire Erhebufron, Lahore The Publicity and Propagando Department participated 14. 10., spy Twostalls spre hired by the Publicity and Propaganda Department of the Committee for the purpose of displaying improved types of Punjab and othei Lottons, yarna, etc.

·44 The demonstrations mentioned under (vi) yere a special feature of our stall and received the greatest interest and attention. These together ith our neatış arranged exhibits drew multitude of people, growers, traders and manufacturers and Tere the subject of favourable comments. A special brochure reviewing the achievements of the Committee's schemes in Northern India was freely distributed to interested visitors. In addition to trado and other enquiries omanating from firms and individuals wishing to establish contacts for the sale and purchase of cotton, Fc gare all assistance to gromers and merchants with a view to stimulating demand for Indian cotton. Other Exhibitions and Demonstrations. Publicity material in English and Marathi ras forvarded to the Deputy Director of Agriculture, Western Circle, Amraoti. The Deputy Director arranged practical demonstrations all over the Berar districts and many batches of cultivators and others interested in cotton witnessed theso demonstrations. Very effective publicity was thus obtained. Similarly a quantity of posters, bulletins, leaflets and folders in English, Hindi and Urdu was despatched to the Extension Officer of the Institute of Plant Industry, for distribution at the Agricultural Exhibition which he organized in Bharatpur State. Quantities of publicity material vere likewise sent to various Directors of Agriculture, the Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind and the Director of the Institute of Plant Industry for distribution. The Publicity Officer found it difficult co cope with the damand fer posters and other material. It is hoped in due course, then fresh stock is printed, to comply with the demand. Enquiries. A large number of enquiries were made from the Publicity Department of the Committee from this country as well as from abroad, from Government institutions, trado associations and private concornes. The Indian Cotton Enquiry Committec (anchester) sought our co-operation extensively for investigations into the technical and marketing problems involved in connection with the improvement and export of Indian cotton, In addition, the Department continued to supply information in response to several enquiries received from the British Cotton Growing Association, Baghdad (Iraq). In India, among other places, enquiries were received from Natanagar State (genem! information and plant pullers), Ahmedabad (technological) Allanmyo, Burma (plant pullers), Bombay (heat treatment in control measures, for Pink Boll.IVorm in United Provinces), Agra (technological), Japanese firms in Bombay (general information regarding Verum cotton etc.), Khar (marketing of cotton, diseases etc.), Ujjain (adulteration of cotton, control measures against Boll-Worm and plant pullers), Lahore (Institute of Plant Industry). Tours. At the invitation of the Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind, the Publicity Officer attended the meeting of the Provincial Board of Agriculture on 26th October 1933 which was presided over by the Commissioner in Sind. Among tho subjects discussed were propa. ganda and publicity methods. By request the Publicity Officer gave his vietrs on ile methods by which the Department of Agriculture could exhibit and advertise the agricul. tural products of Sind-including cotton, at large railway stations which would help towards the general advancement of the interests of agriculturists and buyers in Sind. The Publicity Officer took the opportunity of this visit to Sind to exchange views with the Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind regarding the Indian Central Cotton Conimitter's Physiological and Seed Distribution Schemes in Sind. The Publicity Officer attended also tho 4th meeting of the Sind Cotton Committee held at Agricultural Research Station, Snkrand, on the 3rd December at the request of the Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind, and tras ablo to offer useful opinions on the question of the utilization of zemindari lands for the extension of agricultural improvements as propaganda demonstrations to the cultivators. The Publicity Officer also visited Lahore and Lyallpur to make necessary arrangements for giving publicity to the Committee's work in Northern Indin at the Indian Empire Exhibition and toured through the Faridkot, Nabha, Jind, Patiala and Bakamalpar States to impress upon the owners of cotton pressing factorios tho desirability of submitting weekly pressing returns showing the total number of bales of cotton pressed (uring the preceding weck and from the commencement of the season to the end of the verkie regularly and punctually.

·TA APPENDIX III. SCBJECT 17 Technologkal Research Progress Report of the Director, Technologval Laboratory SUSDIARY OF PROGRESS REPORT (No 21) OF THE DIRECTOR. TECHNOLOGICAL LIDORATOILY, INTEnormo rends 1. Spinning Laboratory. II. Research Laboratory, III. Moisture Testing Section IV. Publications V. General SPISSING LABORATORY, The following classified table gives, in a summary form, the distribution of samples received for tests during the period under review together with the figures for the corresponding period of last year TABLE 1. 1 1st June 1933 to 31at October 1033. let June 1932 to 31st October 1932 113 *1 1 Agricultural Derartments Standard cottons .. Trade samples Fibre test samples. Yarn test sample Special teet amples 103 1 29 46 5 19 23 34 40 Total 203 219 ·46 that, as mentioned in my Progress Report No. 20, a rery large number of agricultura! samples had already been received during the first eeren months of this year. Scior. ingly, if we take the total number of samples for the current year, it shows an incras of 22 per cent. over the last year. The decrease in the number of samples for 120 tests may be due to the imposition of fees decided upon by the Committee sometimes ago though it does not seem to have affected the number of samples received either for fibre tests or spinning tests. The number and distribution of samples, lots and counts spun during the period under review are given in the folloving table together with the figures for the corresponding period of last year : TABLE II, Samples. Lots. Counts, Jist June 1933 1st June 1932 1st June 1933 1st June 1932 1st June 1933'1st Jurc 19. to 31st to 31st to 31st to 31st to 31st to 31st October October October October October Ostole: 1933. 1932. 1933. 1932. 1933. 100.5. 59 003 173 76 59 76 Bombay 16 16 ?unjab 10) .. 5 5 Uriied Provinccs 11 26 12 26 11 Madras .... .... Central Provinces 32 111 37 32 37 Miscellaneous 5CC +11 104 139 139 123 Total 12 1 Standard 97 16 35 21 21 31 Trade Tests 2 01 5+ 24 24 53 Technological Tests. 213 535 186 185 207 Grand Total It will be seen that the total number of samples and lots spun during the period under review show a small decrease over the figures for the corresponding period of last year while the total number of counts spun is practically the same. The results of tests carried out on the abovementioned samples were as usual embodied in spinning tost, fibre test and yarn test reports, and table III shows the number of reports of each kind işgued during the period under reviews together rith the figures for the corresponding period of last year: TABLE III. -- 1st June 1933 to 31st October 1933. Ist June 1932 to 31st October 1932. 45 18 Spinning Test Reports Fibre Test Reports Yarn Test Reports 65 Total It will be seen that more than twice as many fibre test reports were issucul during thin period under review as in the corresponding period of last year while the number of epinning test reports increased by 10 per cent. The total number of reports insucul during ·the period under review shows an increase of about 30 per cent. orer the numirt for tho corresponding period of last year. Agricultural Sampier-Fron among the samples receli el or testel during the perind mention may be made of the following which are of special agricultural importance.- (9) Irrigation Experimenti.Is mentioned in my last Progress Report, samples of cottons bare been received from Lyallpur, Sakrand, Bikaner and Coimbatore which Annelyhacamanntation ne meahla hnt with differnt Amount. touni possiblo solar to test the samples received irom Bikaner, Sahrand and Coimbatore, but it is hoped that when these tests are completed. more valable information will be obtained and if the experiments are continued for another few Foars a great deal of light will be thrown on the relationship between the yield, fibro properties and spinning performance of a cotton and the amount of irrigation given to the crop () thn 1 dan nanny og han hang 1 . & profitable basis, some imported types in these areas Fihre Tests --The tests on samples of fair arere per quality of 1. Kampala, T) DA 1.-***--Lacto- 1 Secretary of the Ea-t India Cotton Association - "The Committee placed on record these sense of appreciation of the very useful work done by the Technological Laboratory and especially the Director, Dr Ahmad, in connection with the experimental tests on Uganda cottons. (6) Indore Samples - Samples of Cambodia and Malyi cottons sown before monsoon on irrigation and irrigated after talos Shored an improFement in fibre-length of 5-10 per cent. as compared with those grown under larans conditions in the case of Cambodia cottons while no such improvement was observed in the case of Malv cotton. Testa on samples of 259F grown at Indore showed that the low fibre-weights which were observed for these cottons were mainly due to the presence of a largo percentage of immature fibres and that heavy irrigation in addition to improving the staple length belped to reduce immaturity.

·48 (c) Parbhani collons...As in the past, fibro tests have been continued on serera! strains received from Parbhani with a view to helping the Cotton Research Botanist, Parlhani, in selecting tlie promising strains for further field trials. l'esting of samples for private mills. It will be recalled that at its meeting held on Ist August 1932, the Indian Central Cotton Committee laid down certain fees for testing samples received from mills and individuals in their prirate capacity. The scale of fees was later modified in a meeting of the Standing Finance Sub-Committee held on 13th March 1933. Since 1st January 1933, when these charges came into force 40 samples have licon tested under this lead. Of these six samples were subjected to spinning tests, 25 of filire tests and the remaining nine to yarn tests. The total income derived from these tests is Rs. 507-8-0. Trade Samplesm. These samples are being tested at the Technological Laboratory in accordance with the arrangement cntered into between the Indian Central Cotton Commitice on the one hand, the East India Cotton Association, Bombay, the Willowners' Association, Bombay and the Alimedabad Millonners' Association on the other. During thic period under review 22 samples were received for tests and the results of spinning tests on these samples were embodied in ten Technological Circulars which ako contained the results of tests carried out on the same growths during the previous scasons. In addition to thesc, tests on samples of special interest to the trade and industr liavo been mado during tlic period under review. Among these, mention may be ma?: of the following:- (1) 7'ests on Dampel and Dry Cottons. Bales of Amraotí cotton pressed with different amounts of humidification have been kindly placed at the disposal of the Inboratory by Jessrs. Volkart Brothers, Bombay, to whom my best thanks are due. Samples drawn from these hales at interrals of about 5 months are subjected to the usual spinning tests. Only ttro series of tests have been made so far and it is proposed to continue theso tests during the next year. (2) Delcrioration of cotton stored in open plinths at Karachi. This inrestigation has been undertaken at the request of the Karachi Cotton Association with a vier to finding out the extent to which cotton bales stacked in open plinths deteriorate in comparison with those stored inside a shed. Tests have already been made on two series of samples drawn from these bales and will be continued during the next year when their results will be summarised in the Progress Report. (3) Identification of cottons.--Small samples of cotton were supplied by the Collector of Salt Revenue, Bombay. These were drawn from bales landed at a Kathiarrar port and the Collector of Salt Revenue was anxious to find out whether any American cotton was being imported, under a false description, through this port with a view to avoiding fumigation charges. Detailed fibre tests were made on these samples and a report embodying the results of these tests pas sent to the officer concerned. (4) Tests on samples druwn from Calender Bowl. These samples were submitted by a local mill which experienced some difficulty with one of their Calendering Machines. The object of the test was to find out whether the cotton used in the Bols was of the same type as the sample supplied by the manufacturers of the machine or a different type bad been substituted for it. Comparative tests rere made on these samples and a report enibodying the results was sent to the mill concerned. Technological samples.-Owing to the fact that practically the whole of the period under revier iras taken up with the testing of agricultural samples, much headway could not be made in the investigation of technological problems. The period was, however, utilised in friting up the accounts of investigations which had been completed. Among these mention may be made of a Bulletin on the effect of manurial treatment on Cambodia Co. I cotton. The question of using artificial manures, especially where the soil fertility is low, is of very great importance to the cotton groter and the object of this investigation was to find out the type of manure and the amount of dressing Thick would give the best results as regards gield and spinning performance with Cambodia cotton. In another bulletin the results of esperiments performed with a rier to finding out the relationship bettyeen the feel and the pas content of a cotton bave been discussed and the Bulletin has been sent out for publication. The wax content of a cotton, though small as compared with the other constituents of the fibre, plays an important part in the spinning, bleaching, dyeing and scouring processes. It is usually estimated by the Grader by feeling the cotton and the object of this in restigation was to ascertain whether any relationship exists between the feel as estimated by the Grader and the rar content as found by chemical methods.

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·who specially ask for maturity tests to be performed on the samples.ubuitted by th.. These maturity tests bare in all cases been carried out by Mr. Gulati. In arditing ty thuis, Mr. Gulati has been engaged in writing up an account of his experiments cate relationship between the neppiness of the yarn spun from a cotton and the materiais of its bair and the relationship between strength and maturity of cotton hair. Ad embodying the results of this investigation is in the course of preparation. In adil. to this, Mr. Gulati is engaged on making measurement on the growth and sub-disista of epidermic cells on young orules. This work is in progress. III. MOISTURE TESTING SECTION, It was stated in my last Progress Report that the first stage of the work of the voisi Testing Section was brought to a close by the completion of tests on specially pouze? bales and bales which are ordinarily received for trade purposes in Bombay. The ataji. able results were placed before a Sub-Committee on 2014 November 1933. Aftera thorough discussion it was decided that, as in the case of several descriptions of codicas sufficient data was not available, these tests should be continued for sometimo mor. 1 IV. POBLICATIONS, The following is the list of the Technological Bulletins and Circulars issued duri:: the period under review :- Bulletins. (1) Technological Bulletin, Series A, No.23 " Tariation in the Moisture Conte: of Baled Indian Cotton with Atmospheric Humidity" by Nazir Ahmed, M.Sc., Ph.D. (2) Technological Bulletin, Series A, No. 24, “Technological Reports on Stardis Indian Cottons, 1933" by Nazir Ahmad, M.Sc., Ph.D. (3) Technological Bulletin, Series A, No. 25, " Testing of Indian Cottons for Quality at the Laboratory " by Nazir Almad, M.Sc., Ph.D. (4) Technological Bullctin, Series B, No. 17, "The Foundations of Vam-Strength and Yarn-Extensions: Part V. The Prediction of the Spinning l'alus of a Cotton from its Fibre-Properties" by A. J. Turner, BL.A., D.Sc., and V. Venkataraman, M.A. Circulars. Nos. 100 to 109. V. GENERAL, : Visit of His Excellency the Viceroy. His Excellency tho liccroy honoured on Laboratory by a visit on the 14th August 1933. His Excellency was srceived of it entrance by Mr. S. D. Saklatrala, Mr. P. H. Rama Reddi and the writer. Invitation! had previously bee ssued to the members of the Standing Financo Sub-Conimitteear! Technological Rescarch Sub-Committee and Mr. S. D. Saklâtrala introduced themomirse present on tho occision to His Excellency. As the party inspected the abiliana sections of the Laboratory, His Excellency put numerous questions regarding the varios rescarches in progress at the Laboratory such as the analysis of corion lip alim-13)? light, the detormination of fihre maturity,tho wax content, etr. He crised keen intere; in the nety method evolved at the Laboratory for the determination of simplr least's and fibre-weight of cotton. The party thion proceeded to the Spinning and ta Yarn Testing Sections where the various processes in the manufacture of kinleri ard! combed yarn from Indian cottons and to determination of their various characteristico were demonstrated to His Excellency who showed himself fully alive to the cofane? the cotton trade and industry by making enquiries about the improved tyfu's diesenza as a result of the efforts of the Indian Central Cotton Committcc, especially thing anh? trial in Sind. His Excellency was pleased to express kis appreciation of the apk dopa at the Laboratory and as a memento of his visit presented signed photographs of him!! and Lady Willingdon to the Laboratory. Purchase of two plots for extension of the Laborulory-In view of the manner in slag the work of the Laboratory has increased during the last few years, several coordia!!" Laboratory have becoma severely arer-crorded and thic need for extrusion has femi. felt in more than one direction. In addition to this, it has been fcit that if the lalortom is to continue to serve the trade and industry in the manner in which it lins «lons in s?: past, it is necessary, that arrangements should be made for testing other qmitirur? cotton besides spinning, such as dyeing, blcaching, sizing, etc. It was also felt that impotus to the use of Indian cottons would be given if arrangedients could lx 3233*** ·51 and arrangements are aloot to acqaro these two plots. Equipment.-Tho equipment of the Laboratory tay bxen strengthened by the purchase of the following machinery and apparatus .-- Blachinery - Jack Roung Frame with 56 spiadles manufactured by Messrs. Tweedalea and Smalley The amount for the purchase of the Roving Framo sanctioned ly. the Committee at its meeting held on 3rd February 1033. The Framo has been received and erected and a 4 11. P. molor to run the framo as well as tho ging recently installed at the Laboratory has also been crected. Apparatus - lleraus Mercury Quartz. lamp for ultra-violet radiation ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. My thanks are due to tlo membera of the teecarch, testing and offico atalf of tho Laboratory whoso Saluablo assistance and loyal co-operation mado it [vo-s1 ble for me to complete the work described in this Report. (Signed) NAZIR AHEAD, Director, Technological Laboratory, Dated the 28th December 1933. APIPENDIX IV, SUBJECT 28 - lieport of the Ugricultural Ricarance Sub-Commillor A. REPORT OF THE AGRICULTURAL RESERCIT SUR COMMITTEE OY NEW AGRICULTURAL R9EIrri SCHENY4. (1) Central Prounces and Berar Entonuingical Scheme (No 19) — The Sub-Committee recommend the sanction of this scheme for a period of 40 years with a view to ascertaining of the results obtained from tho Surat Entomolngical Insearch Schome aro applicablo to Central Provinces conditions. As to the assistant to le employed on this schemr, the Sub Committeo 19 of opinion that an attempt should lyo made to secure the arrvires of one of the ex-eraployees of the Suratscheme on a gutallo pay the catimated cost of the scheme would bo modified to this extent. (2) Scheme for surrcy of the dutertee of malformatron in Punnb-{merican Cottons (9.2021, –The Suh Commutta tecnmmeould that, the changes. Wught to włontol .UA estimated cost of Rs 2,074 It was also decided that the Scerctary should write to all Mirectors of Agriculture for any soformation, available with them, upon this or similar malformation dease in cotton ? T modification. (4) Scherne fur Boll worin Clean-up demonstration in Baroda No 22)-The Sub- Committee recommends that the schere may be referred back to the Director of Agriculturo, Baroda, for duacusaing it with the Director of Agnculture. Bombay Presidency, in the light of the experience gained from the clean up scheme in Gujerat, and re-gubmitting it for consideration at the next meeting of the Sub Committee. BIO-III BK Y 70-44 ·52 33, REPORT OF THE AORICULTURAL RESEANCJI Sub-COMMITTEE ON NEW SEED DISTRILUTION AND EXTENSION SCHEMES. (1) Scheme for the propagalion of C-102 in the Hardoi and neighbouring districts of Juchnow and Silapur (No. 24). The Sub-Commitico recommends that this achome bo sanctioned for fire years. The Sub-Commitico lowover suggests that item 5 (c), in the estimate of the scheme, abord nt page 4 of tho noto, bo raised to Rs. 1,200. If this suggestion is accepted, tho total cosi of the schemo rould go up to Rs. 45,800 against Rs. 43,800 asked for. Tho Sub-Committee is not in ftvour of gronting any financial backing to the Cotton Production and Salo Society, Belgram, as proposed in part II of the schome received from thic Director of Agriculture. (2) Wagad Scd Distribution and Erlension Scheme (No. 25), In viour of tho partial failure this scason of the crop raised from goſod seed, the Suh Committee recominonds that the scheme bc sanctioned for six years from the 1st April 1934 insiend of five yenrs. The additional cost on this account, viz., Rs. 5,360, will raik tho total cost of tło scheme to Rs. 1,23,315. (3) Scheme for the milliplication and supply of pure Banilla coflon secd on the Deccan Canale (No. 26). This achenio is practically coll-supporting, but the Comunitiee has to mcot, in the Sirxt instance, the oporational oxpenses which will later on bo recoured by the sale of cotton and ground nut. The Sub-Committee recommends that this scheme be sanctioned for fucrior of five years commencing from March 1934 at a total estimated oxpenditure of Rs. 23,800. 14) Surat Collon Sccu Distribution and Extension Scheme (No. 27). The Sub-Committco recommonds tho ndoption of this scheme subject to the condition that tho full Committeo's devision on tho question of the cotton policy in Gujerat is in (avour of 14 L. B. (5) Scheic for thc cxtension of long-slaple collon in the Central Provinces and Berar (No. 35). Thir Sub.Committco recommends that sanction may bo accorded to this scheme. The torni cost is Rs. 80,298 spread over a period of three years. C. REPORT OF TUE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SUB-COMITTEE ON EXTENSIONS OF OLD SOHEMES. (1) Punjab White Fly Scheme. Tho Sub-Commitico considered the proposals for an extension of this schemo ly thre voals bulimittod hy tho Director of Agriculture, Punjab, and approvod, with modifications, tlo programme of work proposed by tho Director of Agriculturo. In view of the restricted programme, tho Sub-Committco recommends the oxtonsion of tho schome for two years only, at an estimatod cost of Rs. 10,709 in 1934-35, and Rs. 10,878 in 1935-36, the diſiorcnico loturcon Dio Sub-Commitice's rccommondations and the Director's proposals boing the omission of the provision for the Field Assistant on Rs. 200--10220. (2) Punjab Spraying Trials Scheme. Tho Sub-Committee recommends the oxtension of this schone by one year at Rp oslimatod additional cost of Rs. 1,250. The area proposed to bo iroated should be, As nov, 3,000 acres, but located in four differont contres. Tho crop should do sprayod at clifforent times. Also small scale oxperiments should lo undortaken with different insootioidos. (3) Sced Distribution and Erlension Scheme, Tiruppur-Pay of Business Manageiam Proposed eclension of appointment of and provision of stoff for. Tho Sub-Committee considered the proposals of the Director of Agriculturo, Madras, for oxtonding, till the end of the Co. 2 Scheme, viz., Septemder 1937, the appointment of the Business Manager which would ordinarily expire in May 1936 and for providing kim with clcrical assistance, office accommodation, etc. The Sub-Committee thinks it unnecessary to examino at this stage the question of the extension of the Business --unintment and recommends that he may be provided with clerica?

·53 D REPORT OY TRE AGRICULTURAL RESEAPCN Sur COMMITTEE ON RESEARCH STUDENT (1) Progress Report of Air, Fant Singh terma, (2) Programme of work of Mr. S.Y. Terlataramana Iyyar. Foal Reports of Research Stundenle The Sub-Committee considered and approved tlo Gral roports Bulmitted by the folluwing research students - (1) Bha, Eantok Singh Jaggi (Punjal- Cotton Marleting and Fconomick) on (a) Effect of mixing Desi and American cottons on tlo premium paid for Anerican over Deas cotton in the Lallpur market and Relation telneen the prices of Broach cotton in the l'omlay marlet and the prices of American cotton in the l.gallpur market (6) Causes of fuctuation of brca under cotton in the Canal Colonies of the Punjab. (c) Effect of ginning and pressing factoneg pools on the local prices of lapas () Study of agricultural conditions under #bich Dest and Amorican cottons are grown in the Lyallpur District (2) Mr S. V. Doraiswamy Ayyar (Madras-Cotton Marketing and Economica) on :- Tho Finance and Sowinga of cotton in tho Tiruppur tract, Feason 1932, and Tho Finance and Marketing of cotton in the Tiruppur tmct, Season 1033 (33) Mr. K. R. Dulo (Central Trovinces --Cotton Marketing and Economicº) on :- The cost of cultivation of cotton and its rotation crop. Foreign Scholarship. The Sub Committee recommends the application of Mfr Shama Iyengar for a training grant. Tho papers are attached, A grant of Rs 6,000 19 required. Future employment of Jes878. B N Dhargaia and Dadanlal Bhatia. dvard of Research Studentships in 1934. The Sub-Committee recommends that a research studentship shoull te grantov in Genetics during this year As usual applications should to invited by advertisement from candidates who haro either undergone a post graduato course in Genetics or hal practical experience of genetical work for at least two years E. GEXERAL. (4) Final Report on the Dhartar Cotton Hill Research Scheme - In accordance with the recommendations parle by to Sub-Committee at its last mcetung, Dir. O 8, Kulkarni, the author of tho report, ro-esemined tho pas9eges in the report relating to (1) the * Not pripted.

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·00 + mportance, ergency, and the relatire coate of the schemes, the Sul Committee decided o clarify the schemes under three heads I Sprcunl Schris, compruung continuation schemre of existing marlı anl reet extension schemes, it. Xere Research Schemes consisting of the new arricultural research achenien, and Ill. Yet Seed Schamos comprising the new rend distribution and extrnsion clemet sanctioned by the Sub-Committee The schemes inrludeil in CILAR I should take precedence of all others, rulernen in tag 11 and Clas lll following them. It was further drudel to arrange the chemes as below to show the order in which the included in earh class slouli Lin giren jirionty over others in the same claus 1 Director of Agriculture, Bombay Presidencs, is for the dutrolution of IA .1,"mvad in anticipation of the decision of the Committee in favout of lu4 tyça of cotton for the Burnt tract Since the Committee has sote in favour of 1027 A LF the scheme lecome an extension of the pre-nt 1027 ALI neel distribution scheme Thus chenir 14 therefore extended for a pena of bile scars from Apni 143t at an estimated cont of Rs 66,307. Cuaeg 11-EN RESTARCTI SAXES, (1) Scheme for survy of the dieron of malformal un "* l'unjalAmerican cottone. Sanctioned for one year from April 1911 at an estimated cont of Ps. 2,674. (2) Central Pror arus and Derar Entomologirul schon sanctioned for two years at an aterate cost of Rs 2,391 per annum The cost will however vary according to the pay to le offered to the exemployee of the Surat Entomological Scheme, who, as recommended to the fub-Committee, hy tot recruited as the saintant CLASS III-XEN FEED SCHEMES. (1) Deccan Bawalla Sheme. Though practically welf-supporting, the Committee has to meet, in the fint in*ladre, th- op rational eijer es. cbeme sanctoped for firo years from March 1931 st. total estimated cost of Lis 23,61% (2) Central Proriwat and Error Ford Distribution Schem. Sanctioned for a period of three years at a mimated cont of Ps 88,293 (3) Umud Proriwr C-4 Serd Dririwn Echomo.-Sanctioned for fire years at an estimated cost of Rs. 43.910. (4) Bonday at 8.2 Disrubon StomSanctioped for six years from din 1934 at an estimated t ! P* 1,23,315 APPENDIX T. FIZJET 21 - Leport of the finding Finance Sxb-Committee (2) Palance Skerd. (5) Financial Statement () Prired Exitoit for 1933-31. (1) Pad74, 1931-35. (e) & duri' feus. Tirse Dalis d the Bal Comaittee tere held since the last meet.rs of the Cotton Comments 2. The Filmitse seported to the last betting of the Indian Cine Cerit that it lay deride to adhere wits prerions derision in ·Apy wintment Mr. Molininmar Aiznl to the post of Cotton Reecarch Botanist in the l'unjalı. Har lirerince kreu ndldrosscal io the Government. of India embodying flip Birur of the Souls.committen in favour of Dir. Afzal's appointment and the matter froilluiler thin crisimintion of the (iuremment of India. 8. "Thir minn l'enton! Cotton Committo at ita last mecting hield in August 1933 pritrjeras thre following resolution posso ly the Board of Governors, Instituto of Plant Instaly, nt their ling: held on the 28th Behrunry 1033: "That, is dit nietol minlile nccommodntion for tho Director of the Institute, nutssoppailer thint Ftw.vill Alivrar: luo available, the Board requests the Indian Central foss ('usinittir tu mal.ro naporinl gront to the Instituto of Plant Industry of a sum ***** trevling: $7,000 £3 salilt Director's hours to be built upon the Institute's lostul a?ra, kulject in intixinctors nnnngement with the Iolkar Darbar in regard 14***!**:;sling til dit minn l'entral Cotton Committee for tho capital value of the in the part of thir Seristy's dissolution or of the Darbar entoring int km e sig.djustok thr lani la for the expiry of the .year period of tho lcaso." *T"bir teimitter after slinkisaing the auzolution at some length decided to refer to t} riding 1'inaut Subefisnuitlre the question of quarters for the Director, Instituie MP1 Imery: 11. Sull'annmitten anfidered ilic question at tro of its meetings 69189ally crestrelilini nt efir sie's tacting of tho Board of Gorcinors the views of the Slabro' Befierastalinis klaule lengroslained with regard to tho amount thog mere portoj-asfel torontridista for ernstruction of the Director's quarters and their riows together sish ilin Brusslx adecision on thir muttershould be reported to the full Committee. The först tillsapurikarlismo cI thin last seting of the Board licld on the 20th December 11.77 trill Infrumu in silloin't No. ll on the agenda of the full Committco. s. 17 Suoramittee considesed proposals from the Director, Technological Taliniary, lov t?isa fusta lase of two odjacent vacant plots on thio northern side of the Tex 1.2.0 poien Inlarators which were considered guitablo for future extension of the kaluar and revailable at Rs. 8-8-( grir square yard. The Sub-Committee decided hind t!.~ 10 pilots shoull fennchuirl at n cost of about Rs. 25,000 and that by paying fi: Ad, lilioni 8171031.1 od 1. 50 n combined freehold sale-deed should be obtained for thing is inetudbir ile four plots at present occupied by the Laboratory. rin all itii rls riting live in lossary 1033, the Joint Sub-Committeo of the Imperial (oril of Agricultur1 Herstand and the Indian Central Cotton Committee agreed to Ikusan l wiris: limun in the fought of the schemic for tho investigation into the cost of prirdis finns nu ?!!!', cotton and their rotation crops by the inclusion of (wo tracts tale Tour ) juisice Njxst-or. "The proposa] was accepted by the Committcoin F'obruary 19:47 tilink armer to kas liall the cost of tho entiro scheme. The Government of Ik :$:1. burnsrr, frumud it dificult to run two districts with ono Supervisor and applied for en melditional runun! giant of Ha. 720 for the travelling allowance of a Supervisor *hare393.8" *ule le mot lose the l'iswa Bharti Institute, The Sub-Committeo considered Ilir sequi nud agreed in function an additional grant of Rs. 720 per annun før Dit sal provide this additionnl expenditure could be met from savings of the grant already eanctions. (). Tl. full Conimittee at ito Inst mecting held in August 1933 sanctioned Nr. 11. 1). Vougpalciuht juontlis' sunnan pay and four months on hall Avesni par, to mablo him w tonicus nd to undergo training in tupland. The Covernment Entomologist, United Provinces, lowerer, considered that it was sfrissiry that Jr. Nangpal should visit Sudan also and that cight montłus' Irave trag inndegunten:Mr. Nangpal was required to spend a part of this leare in India. The Sub-Committee after full consideration of tho proposals of the Government Entomo, logist decided to extend Mr. Nangpal's leavo by 42 days on half average pay, sanctioned sum of Rs. 1,701-4-0 for cost of passages and overland journoys with permission to visit Sudan and approved of luis tour progranmc. The Sub-Committee also sanctioned n fur of £2 for the training of Mr. Nangpal at the Imperial Institute of Entomologs: London. 7. Thir Indian Central Cotton Committee at its last meeting accopted the recom mendations of the Cotton Forecasts Improvement Sub-Committeo and sanctionet Hs..?,000 for studies of villogo consumption of cotton. The Sub-Committeo considered it desirable to keep soparato tho cxpenditur on these and other measures arising or of the netivities of tho liorcsts Improroment Sub-Committee and decided to includ a ncu'llcad "1-E-Sintistical Research" in the Committee's Budget Heads. 8. The Sub-Committeo considered it desirablo to call for qnotations from more tha ono broker whiccrer the Committco Fanted to make investmentb or sell its securitie and appointed Messrs. Merwanji & Sons, Nicssrs. Promchand Roychand & Sons are Messrs. Hotliwala and Karoni as the Committee's brokors.

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·58 In arroparen with these incommoniniion, the Sub-Committee considered the terised fundgre estimates forwarded by the Director of Agriculture, Baroda State, and sanctional a trital mum of Rs 30,109 for a period of threo years against an original estimate of br.10), 1700-5-0) which included provision for the Breeding Assistant for Jagadas. 15. Thn (xtrusion of the Ilyricra bnd Botanical Rescarch Scheme for a period of livryrass from the lat April 1931 was fanctioned by the Indian Central Cotton Committee nt ita inxt meeting, subject in the conditions :- (1) that ly two of the prraposed four variety testing stations are required; I think thin pay the Cotton Research Botanist he fixed on the scale of 11. 1,001-502-3,250) and (3) thnithoorvision of the payof the stand 2nd Assistant Cotton Research Botanist: Iranien when they reached the maxima of their present scales. In patins 41.31166 of thirsa moulifications revised estimates rcccired from H. E. H. the Nizam'i Gricinsient nt a total estimated cost of Rs. 2,42,592 against the original estimate of 1....028 spread over o plerince of five years were considered and approved by the Subcrimmittit. 30. Balance Siret of the audited accounts of the Committee's funds and the Prasidont l'od ns on the 30th September 1933 and also the Financial Statement* 29 (1 71fl Brynber 1833 art filmittel for information. Rs. 21,10,274-4-7 of the Com- Inittin's crurities are invested in Goscriment Paper and Rs. 6,13,010-10-0 in long. datel ('orpurimation cours. es will be foon from the Financial Statement the market rolur ollie Committers frcurities hou appreciated by Rs. 3,46,545-&n5 but to finante all the trip which are to bo put in operation it will be necessary in the near future for sell room of them. 17. Beviseri Estimates of Recripta and Expenditure for the current financial year ATV kalimittel for approval. Cotton cess receipts up to the end of December 1933 100unted to Rs. 1,60,731-5-7 as ngainst Rs. 3,21,370-7-2 for the corresponding period of last year. Yo change in therefore required to be made in the original estimate of 1,61, 11. non. Osing to the concrsion of the Committee's securities in 5 per cent. 1933 Tranbiles Paris (withdrawn by tlic Government) into 33 per cent. Government of India 1.5.395 101750 of the like face rolur, the Committee's annual income has been reduced logo lix, (1,616 this yearns the half yearly interest on the converted loan for the 2nd half of the scar trillonis le due in the next financial year. The total expenditure for the year is not estimated at Rs. 10,35,497-5-1 against 1:4, :7-10).7-50 in August Inst; the decrease of Rs. 1,91,908 being chiefly due to xs vings as detailed in the Revised Estinates. The closing balance (escluding recorerable mans amounting to Rs. 15,355-1-3) at the end of the current year will remain at H+.25,6,201-1.1-ins compared with Rg. 20,54,499-3-6 at the end of last year, 18. The draft Budget for 1934-35 is also subnitted for approval, the estimates of ristipts from cotton cess have been retained at tho same figure as in the rarised estimates for the current financin yenr (viz., Rs. 5,00,000) and the figure under interest has been resured from Rs. 1,33,700 to Rs.1,18,500 in vier of the necessity which is likely to arise for the pair of some of the securitics. 19. The Revised Estimnies for 1933-34 of the Publicity and Propaganda Department hore been shown as Rs. 25,687 against Rs. 29,209 sanctioned. The decrease is due to Favings under various sub-lıcads. 20. The draft Budget for 1934-35 of the Publicity and Propaganda Section is also nflached, and is for approral. Tho expenditure is estimated at Rs. 30,074 as against Rs. 25,687 in tho Revised Estinates for 1933-34.

·BALANCE SHEET AS AT SEI TEJBER (T1, 1933

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·BALANCE SHEET AS AT 30th SEPTEJIBER 1933. Provident Fund Account. RECEIPTS. EXPENDITURE. Rs. P. Rs. 3. P. Rs. 1,27,744 il 9 P. Subscribers' contributions account.. Leşs-Payments made to subscribers resigned Rs. P. 31,970 3 6 95,774 8 3 30 20 1,16,097 13 0 Committee's contributions Lese-Payments made to subscribers rosigned and forfeitures to tho Committco By cost of stamps and professional charges for amondmont of Provident Fund Rules Intorest accruod on Government paper .up to 31st March 1933 oredited to subscribers By advances to subscribers Less-Rocovorios inado up to 30th Soptember 1933 1,738 2 0 29,975 15 3 23,019 20 80,121 13 9 21,785 3 0 Interest received on investments Interest received on advances 2,746 8 49 3 0 0 By balanco 1,703 15 0 64 1,82,090 5 0 2,794 Il 0 L298mm(1) Incomo tax deducted from interest (2) Bank's commission for collection of interest 90 3 0 6 140) 103 1 0 2,001 10 0 Lapoond Forfrituro account Suspense Deposit of Mr. Dutt's own contributions with intrrest 00 0 2 003 1 10 (iran Total 1,43,02:2 ·REVISED ESTIMATES, 1033-34.

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·RECEIPTS. REVISED ESTIMATES, 1933–34. Provident Fund Account, Rs. a. P. Rs. å. P. EXPENDITURE. To Opening Bilanco on 1st April 1933 To subscriber's contributions To Committco's contributions 18,000 0 0 18,0000 1,70,531 0 11 0 Rs. a. P. 30,000 0 0 By expenditure for stationery, printing and profes. sional charges for amendment of Rules By Balance 58 S 0 L0.93 Payments to subscribers resignedl during the year:.. 1. Their own contributions 2. Committco's contributions clue 2,11,415 14 9 3,157 2 7 3,025 of 8 0,185 3 To recoveries against avances To introit (not) receivable To Lopepond Forfeiturcunccount 20,51.I SO 3,077 12 0) 7,805 0 0 2:16 1 1 Total 2,11,174 0 Total 2,11,174 0 ·--- BUDGET-193635-ALL HEADS ·RECEIPTS. Rs. P. Rs. Tn opening Balance on let April 1934 Loans Reconeralile Account Budgdl-1934-35All llcade. (As passed by the Indian Central Cotton Committee at its meeting held on the 30th January 1934.) EXPENDITURE. 25,05,201 14 0 16,355 9 3 R:*. . Rs. Colton Cers Recripts Intr-out Account Miscellaneous recrists 25,70,657 79 a. 1,51,020 00 0,00,000 00) 1,18,500 0 (1) 2,500 0 () 5,000 0 0 73,143 00 78,143 00 I. A. Administration B. Improvement of Collon Jarketing- (i) Cost of Exhibits, Moisture tests, etc. (ii) Cost of growing cotion in India.. C. Seed Distribution and Extension Schemesam (1) Bombay Presidencija (i) Hubli (ii) Gada, (iii) Gadag Supplementary (iv) Taveri (c) Athani (ri) Bailhongal (vii) Surat (riji Khanddroshi (ir) Deconn Canals (Panilla).. (2) Jadran Presidencia (i) Pyind allowance of Domino's Manayor, 'Tiruppur (11) Co.2 (33) Sind () Slyefurahou Senta () Central l'urinrei-.. (1) Vam inftants 13 8,879 0 8,737 0 0 5,1590 0 2,800 0 0 12,105 00 4,285 0 10,305 0 0) 10,63377 0 11,115 0) 11,30.55 18,04(() 1.1,.380 () 01,1121 0 ( - 7,128 *,!137 6,1!!

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·Eudget-1934-35-l Heads-contd. EXPENDITURE. Rs. a. P Rs. a. Po Rs. a. P. Brought forward 31,91,557 7 0 Brought forward .. 2,05,875 0 0 8,00,546 0 37,742 00 3,380 0 0 758 0 0 VII. Central Provinces- (a) Botanical (6) Entomological VIII. United Provinces.- (a) Recurring grant for staff (0) Rohilkhand and Bundelkhand Cotton Survey IX. Institute of Plant Industry, Indore X. Sind XI. Burma Cotton Improvement XII. Hyderabad- (n) Botanical (6) Cotton Survey (c) Pink and Spotted Boll-worm XIII. Bikaner XIV. BarodamRoot Rot XV. Bengal Comilla Collon 0,300 0 0 1,15,000 0 0 33,438 0 0 10,260 0 0 74 56,710 0 0 9,211 0 0 8,297 0 O 7,640 0 11,718 0 3,085 0 5,08,414 0 o Total Expenditure 13,68,960 4 0 XVI. Loans recove. able (but considered doubtful). (1) Hubli (2) Gadag :: :: 8,063 7,292 9 0 3 0 15,355 3 By Balance 18,07,241 10 .. 31,91,667 7 Grand Total 31,01,557 9 Grand Total ..

·Budgc 1034-35.
Provident Fund Account.
RICEIPTS.
EXPENDITURE.
Rs.
Re. A. P.
To Owning Balanco on lat April 1931 ..
2,11,415 14 0 By Balance
2,61,240 2 0
Sulocrklxcra' contribution
20,000
Committo's contribution, ..
20,000
Recovorice against advances
<0,000 0 0
930 40
Interont receivablo
8,000 0 0
Total
2,61,246 29
Total
2,61,218 29

·REVISED ESTIMATES 1933–34--PUBLICITY AND PROPAGANDA. Statement showing the sanclionci budget, rcrisc estimalel expenditure with savings and deficits for the year ending 31st Varch 1934. Sub-heads. Expendituro for 1933-34. Original sanctioned Estimated Budget, Expenditure from Ist Total 1933-34 up to 31st January 1934, for December to 31st 1933-34. 1933. March 193.1. Savings + Deficits Remarks. Rs. Rs. 11,742 Rs. 8,966 Rs. Rs. 2,729 1,668 12,779 338 ---1,037 225 2,425 (a) Salary of Officer (0) House Rent Allowance (c) Provident Fund Establishment (a) Provident Fund Nenials (a) Provident Fund Travelling Allowance Allowanco to Translators Printing Contingencies A. Postage and Telegrams B. Furniture Stationery D. Exhibits and cost of transport, accommodation, etc. E. - Viscellaneous 2,700 225 888 568 189 75 25 SSS 50 3,500 + 304 3,500 2,000 6,000 76 2,612 50 869 325 3,500 100 4,369 13 Deficit as no provision was made for House Rent Allowance sanctioned by the Committco subsequently only in June 1933 with retrospective effect from 15th October 1932. Excess due to 5 per cont. cut and leave salary not utilised. Excess due to leave salary utilised. nos 500 400 300 1,000 237 88 92 201 + 1,900 +1,631 : 263 200 100 500 500 288 192 701 700 308 to 112 108 + 299 Total 200 29,209 508 15,310 + 192 10,371 26,087 +3,522 ·11:31-21-Axvi'r ar? i'matyta Rent for 1973-74. Batt for 1931-33. themith Subtrack, Original. lici, Iis, l's, 12.:/X) . 1 Fahry of Oficer 9. Establiment . 339 331 3 I nials 3,600 3,311 5,00410 4. Travelling Allowance 5 Allowance to Translators 2,1800 100 1.000 •Ex** clun to atditional touring to in donc in Inillan entre 6,000 4,367 0,0010 .. 6 Printing 7. Contingencies 300 A Postage and Telegrams. 600) 100 B Furniture .. 4070 285 101) C. Stationery 300 102 2011 1,011) 701 1,(N) D Ethitty and cost of transport, accommodation, etc E. 3118ccllapro 118 700 50९ CAND " Total . 29,209 23,697 30,076 ·10 A caso of rejoction, due to faulty marking, of a tender of bales pressed in the lanaradar Sinto was brought to tho notice of the Sub-Comwittee. This case showed that Indian Statcs had not followed tho lead given by the Government of India in 1929 in amending Rulo 7 of tho Indian Cotton Ginning and Pressing Factories Rules so as to make the minninor of marking bales less meticulous than what it was before. The Sub-Committee therefore decided that the attention of the States' authorities should be drawn to this. The Sub-Committco considered a letter received from the Great Indian Peninsula Rnilway asking for suggestions on the proposed reduction of freight rates on cotton looked from South India to Bombay and other mill centres in India. The Sub-Cominitico decided that the various Chambers of Commerce and Trade Associations concerned should bo consulted to enable the Committee to examine the subject in all its bearings. A letter sent by the Buyers' and Shippers' Chamber of Karachi asking for representation on tho Committee was considered by the Sub-Committee. The Sub-Committee mai still of opinion that additional commercial representatives from Karachi on the Commitico would upset the balance of representation on the Committee. On a rcferenco made by the East India Cotton Association regarding the heavy incidence of road tolls on carts and lorries carrying cotton, the Sub-Committee agreed with the viows of tho East India Cotton Association that this was a matter on which a joint representation should be made to the Government of Bombay. The Indian Central Cotton Committeo at its last meeting decided that the subject of the Cotton Transport Act in Indoro should be referred to & Sub-Committee consisting of ropresentatives of the mill industry in Indore, the Gwalior representative on the Com. mittco and the Local Sub-Committee. The Joint Sub-Committee met on the 1911 January 1934 when the ropresontatives of the Indore mills explained their position that so long Dcsi-scradi cotton was prevented from entering the State except under license their object was served and that no alteration in the present Act was necessary. They anticipated no difficulty in the railtay companies refusing to book Desi-Mewadi cotton to any station in Indoro State. In vion, horrever, of the absence of the representatives of Gwalior and Indoro States it was decided that further consideration of the subject should bo postponed to some convenient date and that in the meanwhile the reprosonintires of the Indore mills should supply figures for 1932-33 of imports of kapas and ginncd cotton into the State. Three othor subjects thichongaged the attention of the Sub-Committee were (1) Cotton Policy in Surat, (2) Goglari cotton sotings in Navsari Tract and (3) Adoption of Universal Standards for Indian cottons. These subjects are separately dealt with under items Nos. 0, 7 and 8 on tho agonda of the full Committee and have not been detailed here. APPENDIX VII. SURJECT 33.-Collon development in the Barrage areas of Sind--Note by the Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind. Secretary's Note. Tho nttached noto on cotton development in the Barrage areas of Sind, roceived from tho Chiof Agricultural Oficer in Sind, is for consideration. Nolc on certain important aspects of the development of cotton cultivation in the Barrage dreas of Sind by W. J. Jenkins, Esq., M.A., B.Sc., I.A.S., Chi gricultural Officer in Sind. 1. The Indian Central Cotton Committee has always shoun considerable interest in tho dovelopmont of cotton cultivation in the Lloyd Barrage areas of Sind. At the 20th mceting of the Committee, held on the 11th November 1929, it was agreed that tho Govornment of Bombay should be requested to give the Committee an opportunity of oxpressing its riews from time to time on the farious problems which would arise consoquent upon the extension of cotton cultivation in the net irrigated areas of Sind. Accordingly, at the 22nd Meeting of the Committee, held on the 15th-16th December 1930, the Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind submitted a "Note on some of tho most in. portant and imminent problems connected with the future development of cotton cultiva. tion in Sind under the Lloyd Barrage” which formed a basis for valuable disoussions in both the Agricultural Research Sub-Committee and in the full Committee meetings. This note dealt with (a) the problem of the variety, (b) the problem of the ginning and pressing factories and (c) the problem of seed production, extension and distribution, and much useful and practical advice was given by the members of the Committee on the

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·1 in the future to the detriment of the intcrests of the Sind cotton.groses tion of the coustraction of nell' ginning and pressing factories in the Barrage areas nas allvisable as the majority of the members considered that such regulation, at tuo present time (i.c. 1933), would lond to discourage the crection of now factories. In riety of the sicfinite -carcity of ginning factories in the new cotton-growing tracts, it was felt that nothing should be dono which might result in checking or delaying priralo enterprises in providing increased ginning facilities for the cotton growers. The possibility of the formation of pools 'in ginning and pressing factorics in Sind was considered to be remote and, in view of the compactness of the cotton-growing areas, such 'pools' pere unlikels 80 pocoferofast army rol alın Bilerngo zone. Tho can 27 and JIartsville lll strains do not show nuntiiciently superior spinning valuo over the improved Punjab-Anaerican 295.F and 18. Li variatics in compimento for the lesser yield given by these imported American type and work on them is being argoly discontinued. The last spinning test report, prived from the Technologicnl Laboratory, Matunga, i.o., for 1932-33, states " Although the minn fibre length and fibro rciglit per inch of Boss III-16 and Sea Island 2.48 paolirally the same, i le former cotton has given yarns which are much stronger and fire min. <ulmouni :7 is considerably shorter and coarser than Sea Island 2.4 but its : 38871" are only tors Flightly weaker. Similarly Acala 27 is considerably shorter than iInrisville Ili, ime there is not much difference in tho spinning performance of these l'atlony." (in Mint of the restrictesl arca available for cotton cultiration on Government fix?r?ne in Sini, it Jions not leen found possible to grow larger arcas under Sea Island, Lipis ) l) und simonni improveri strains this will yield, at the most, two to three balei u that ynsiefjes. The Chief Agricultural Oficer considers that, as a preliminary step trwards their extension in the vistricts, the cultivation of these improved varieties by the Igricultural Ikperiments loukile undertaken on Inrger areas in order to yoride suficient materin} for complete mill trstu on an adequate scalo both in Indian mills and abroad in order to olitain full data regarding the returns which might be obtained from these hizkunlity vnriclits to the fronor in comparison with Punjab-American and deski cotton. This work could lic done on laseri areas in the vicinity of existing Goren- 1111111 lients and it is suggested that the Central Cotion Committee, if it approres of mar o seu claquinant, might undertake the financing of this stage of extension of raperior quality collons in Sind, Plır('stral l'otton Committee may lic interested to know that the work of introducing Entfr cultivation on the Right Bark of the river Indus, carried or under the " Sind Cotton Pixtension Scheme" is making rapid progress and that a total area of, at least, 5,1(k) auses mer cotton in anticipated next season. The difficulties encountered šare Iwont ( difficulty in obtaining irrigation wnter for carly (April) sowings as the demand is it pore" (?!! limitrd ( xsmall scattered cotton fields at tſis period and is not general avertin whole fract, fly the existing rule shereby land assessment is levied on a jotenue sosis cunaming illerent crops according to the crop bearing the highest rate of ascess. !!!ni cultivatrist in tho xissoy number and (c) the total absence of ginning facilities in the race. Reprisentations regarding (n) and () hare been made to the Irrigation and Herenue Departments respectively. "With regard to (c), it is probable that a smal finnery will shiorily be established by private agency. The improred Panjab-American vorines; 1.1.998, is well-uted to cultivation in this tract and, in general, has given better outburns in the demonstration plots than the deski cotton, ... lirgulivion of the construction of new ginning and pressing factories in the Barraza This important subject has been considered in detail by the Sind Cotton Committee who appointed a small Sub-Committee consisting of: 1.J. Jenkios, Esq., Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind (Chairman), A.P. Darlon, Esq., Scth Issardas Varindanal, Ron Balindur Tharumal Bilaram, Khan Bahadur zim klad, Captain l.. Vannunen, 10 consider ihe present position and future requirements of ginning facilities in the Barrage areas and the necessity for some control being exercised over tlio construction of new factories loth with regard to number and situation. The report of the Sub-Committee is given hereunder:- The Sub-Committee considered the Note on tho regulation of the construction of ginning and pressing factories submitted by the Chief Agricultural Oficer in Sind.”. The Sub-l'ommittee was of the opinion that no immediate action towards the regulas

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·82 Kini cotton in Kinrcli and it has been represented strongly that experimental work on the saw-ginning of the improved Punjab-American varieties of cotton, which will Rose largely cultivated in Sind under Barrage irrigation, should be commenced as soon as psible. At present, there are no gaw-gins working in Sind although, in the past, nifesapi lair licraanado to utilise savr.gins in ginning factories at Mirpurkhas but they attenpts have luen alanıloned after trial. The cause of the failure of saw-gins ist sind, fini4, fo far nu can lo ascertained, never heen thoroughly investigated but the prinin is ouvnnced that this was duc to (a) the disinclination of Indian spinners to utiline gallegginnml Indian cottons in their mills, possibly on account of damage to the lint by unsatisfactory settling and inexpert handling and (b) the insufficient supply jat: 14 cntion in Siml suitable for kaw ginning. With regard to (a) there does not nyrtile any reason to belicro tlint properly sar.ginned cotton will not be acceptable t. Initinn spinners especially as large quantities of snw.ginned American cotton has been importo into Indin lur use in Indian mills in recent years and there is consideratie *vitetee that a greinium will be forthcoming for properly saw.ginned cotton over rol: kin of the same typx which would more than compensate for any additional cost 111 *w.ginning. Il'ith regard to ()), the area under improved rarieties of 2857 and Xr l'unjab.Imerican cotton is incicasing very considerably and large quantities of dome of those turintirs, muitable for saw-ginning, will shortly be produced in the Barrage 74.14. In acklition the introduction of saw.ginning in Sind would contribute consider: ably towards a solutinn of the labour problem in the cotton tracts by reducing the number of manual worlon required in the ginning factories. The Chief Agricultural Officer in Sint soni 1{come opinions from the members of the Central Cotton Committee on the subject with the olject of preparing a scheme for the investigation of the possi. bulties of 5.7w.ginning of Sini Anerican cotton in co-operation with suitable ginning farlory of nora in the Barrage arcas. 6. Lyonlagiral and cnionological problems connected rrith cotton cultivation in the Istrupe nin-The Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind desires to bring to the notice of tl Indian Central Cotton Committee the necessity for an early and detailed scientific imelization of the anajor insect pests and fungus and virus diseases which are commonly fullnet to attack and damage the cotton crop in Sind. Such in vestigation will require she services of a qunlified mycologist and entomologist and must be directed towards 3orking ont practical and economic control measures. In the first place, special attention ** ftresory lo investigation of the pathological condition known as “ leaf curl" which sartiet viefinitris le considered to be a limiting factor to the extension of Punjab-American, mcriran nudi kiguption cottons in the Barrage areas. This disease is being studied from the polipriological stand-point at the Physiological Section, Agricultural Research Station, Säkrand, but there is considerable reason to believe that the leaf curl" damage is the result of previous serere jassid orapluis infestation of the crop and that adequate control nieasures adopted at critical periods of growth against these insect pests would give practical results of great importance. In the absence of a qualified entomologist on the star of the agricultural Department in Sind, it has not been possible to undertake intensive work on this problem, the importance of which may be judged by the estimate that "ical curl" was responsible in the current season for a reduction in yield of three to feur maunels of lapas per acre in the Southern Janirao tract alone. A major post on cotton in Sind, especially on the high qunlity imported American and Egyptian varieties, is the white ant, vamage from which is especially serere in the new areas now coming under perenninl irrigation from the Lloyd Barrage. Various inorganic and organic subiances lave been tested with the object of controlling white-ant attack but no fundamental work on the life histors etc. of the pest under Sind conditions has yet been attempied. In the absenco of the information which such research vork would proride all attempts at clorising suitable control measures must be entirely empirical. The Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind contemplates the submission of proposals for a research Scheme on "leaf curl" and white-ant damage to the cotton crop in Sind from the mycological, entomological and agricultural stand-points and submits this brief preliminary note with the object of obtaining expert opinions and advice from scientific workers in other cotton-growing provinces. 7: The mulliplication and distribution of seed of improved varieties of cotton in Sind.- secil multiplication scheme for improved varieties of cotton based on " units "meach "unit" representing an area of 25,000 acres finally developed under one rarieturot improved cotton-has been organised and is now entering upon its third stage. The progranimo of purc sced multiplication under this scheme consists of fire stages for each unit viz. (l) seed patch-21, acres, (2) increase block--25 acres, (3) field-scale plantings250 acres, (4) village groups_2,500 acres and (5) district groups-25,000 acres. The first three stages are under careful departmental supervision : the fourth and fifth stages will be arranged through selected seed-growers and co-operative organisations.

·SO Site "wrats " celtap! atra-relor imponda slimon and four for imparn! rarieties are combxaced annually ard in En 1931, then sten! Match start! Punjab-menean spes) of acies, the incredek stape (1923 m) of 9 acres and the "feld-oale planting" stage (1 series) face wall lo uniterialen by the agricultors Department in Sind. The first two stars of the cotton med multiplication allem in carneal through entirel on Gorernment Farms and bence, control and management present no protismus For the third stage, ie, feld scale plantings, amountmg rarhinir ta proximately 2,500 acres, arrangements are leang made to multiplr the ***? en 1r lands of " .1 *el*** ·84 tho mills, and, based upon the results of such tests, to establish by oficial or non.official agency, marketing organisations for the regular supply of standardised and unaised varioties of cotton sold under recognised trade descriptions and marks. The Indian Cotton Committee of 1919, in the portion of its Report dealing with Sind, stated, " The fact that the full premium was not obtained for the American cotton was due to lack of organisation and had no real relation to the intrinsic merits of the cotton." No change has taken place since this statement was made and the improved varieties of America: cotton now being produced in Sind are as far off obtaining an adequnte promium ore: deshi or other inferior Punjab American types as in the period referred to in the report of the Indian Cotton Committee, i.e., 1914-1919. The Indian Cotton Committee did not suggest in any great detail tho organisation which they had in view to ensure that it price obtained for improved American cottons grown in India should approximate mors closely to that warranted by its intrinsic quality and their recommendations in this connection can be summarised as (a) the establishment of regular cotton markets on the Borar system, (6) an expansion of the co-operative sale morement, (c) the conduct of auction sales, under Government agency up to a certain stage after which this work should be handed over to other agencies, e.g., co-operatire or private and (d) the licensing of gins and presses. The Chief Agricultural Officer in Sind is of the opinion that the tice has now arrived when the recommendations of the Indian Cotton Committee of 1910 should be roviewed by a strong and representative Sub-Committee of the Indian Central Cotton Committee to wliom should be entrusted the task of examining in detail the erista ng and possible demands for tho various types of cotton produced-or likely to be reproduced-in India and of framing proposals for propaganda and marketing organisations designed to encourage, stimulate and facilitate the use of Indian cottons in India and abroad. Such an overhaul of the marketing system of the various main types of agricultural produce has already taken place in many western countries and "Warketing Boards" have been established to correlate more closely the interests of both producers ind consumers. It is submitted that the time is now ripe for similar action with regarı : the cotton crop of India. The Royal Commission on Agriculture in Indja expressed the opinion that co-operatice ale societies might, through time, play an important part in the grading and marketi: of agricultural produce and that the Agricultural Departments can assist most effective 12 such a derelopment by giving such societies expert aid in the grading of their members roduce. In Sind where no regulated cotton markets exist and where, until rers onsiderable improvement in internal communications takes place, tho establisheent of uch markets is unlikely to occur to any real extent, propaganda work in the direction -f improved and organised marketing directed towards the primary producers i cnlikely to have any practical results and the establishment of organisations for the coeperative sale of improved cottons presents almost insuperable difficulties. It is sugge::d that the most hopeful method of advance in this direction in Sind is through the ginning factories—who are largely the buyers of the Sind cotton crop and upon whose eethods of dealing with and marketing the crop, the reputation of Sind cottons must mails depene? in the future,

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