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·OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR INDIA
We
Tume indod with tro complicate or who Dirosta
(cuml of Cardz12) Intai loco ad uintirtico,
Council Houro Liont, Chrnutta. lo mr. In
'tan raccocs in or rol or 72cns tot!
GID NOT TUTTI IDream
Chun Lor, Tue
REPORT
on the work of t
INDIAN TRADE COMMISSIONER
during 1935-36
By
D: DB MEEK, CLE, OBE, D.Sc
LONDON
PRICE 37

·Indian Official Publications + l.15 Gris.fr ir: 011 (11) mars retur, ini. wir fand in mics- 1 at 11. in 13. !rom the concise ***Vasli's fris site, Ilic VIIN TI01 16::Kil HOP:1,79 ní tlin INDIAN TARITI DOARD. Al Su-57:3:00 31/6 MONTHLY (IUXTS RE- 1.ATING to the SEABORNE XVIGATION :rur. INDIAN ST10 RAWAT BRITISH INDIA, INDIA STOR!FPARTNE.IT NYOAX CUSTOS TARIFT 2/3 (Annual Sulier.mron 27/- mot f). RESID OF TR INDIA WU Sera CAL MIKES I.DIA I'Ing ICC. 75.35. un tr 31/1/35. 1.RGE IM1 EXTARIISHIV1E (2,1-4 rr: /G. 9. para Id. of the INDIAN OMMISSIONERS Gaou MILAN, ANTWEN Rorite iu ?'ril 276, I! Triler: in Entp THIE MICH CONSSI PUPUC DEP3 SYDIA NO Eritrat in India R OF FIJALICATIONS Ir. OT INDIA, PUBLICATION BRANCH (UL LINES DELHI LONDON, "C ·OFFICF OF THE HIGII COMISSIONER FOR NDIA

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·OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR INDIA Isnte llo ItOnTrit Im TI, lligh r'omt arribi lui T. TI. Vinirry in the fourronment. Inden Ieprimentul futur ener A1, I am dureried to forward berewith fr the information of the florernsurnt of Inlia, the import sulmoitmi lor the Indian Tra le (onmikaer, Immeln (t the work of 1. Det artment durire il yrar whirh ruled on the 31.4 March, 1936 17 refifo n 18an Indian Trade (emmes nori in fatnurr 09! Milan ifru polar the faomir -114Alins 1a Varbern kung onlineberet Furnish trafortiser 1)s rek, oltre alu! survey of all inditat primele in hi jinarni ijt to naltor, inte detul, thr roon drrringmento in the tasted kingil nu, I'mtal States of America, Japan anda tida fhoplin porsa cunlise It will lamental in lirali r. 1 impresy during 1961, oste TOT produced the trvi 4. rat, priatlr in th. I'Dit hingehe map! in ihr itunturs bwh ni lining their cunten'in with sterling 0-in " the cha tir mir hatt is that perral pront of the peontor in Tant pere there la loren e natural trt deory to correofratern I mitte tra le anl the tripmartrent transleed mart Ir Allrad wires to nali ral naller than to intrinstinnal adytetturato ani portare I'n gr *** mir marial in trauril to the lever or lyrirtear ! justrularlı tre rentreted with trattatrert Tilattal tende alterantre la tbr sterlia: pruniferele im tretirot tir initial 1. Ensiml hoplim lure the Tilastoints in anirepute the hotel ber 1991 in 11.mars arestits ia local rain. 11 Listophanin 1 while the number of *** ilin sonlign to destrow:

·4 One lowest since 1930. The production of steel was the highest on record, and the British iron and steel industries }iave never been in a more favourable position since the war in comparison with their Continental rivals. The motor car industry, which now ranks as the third largest in this country, increased its output by 25%. The depression in the cotton industry, however, still continues, and it has been aggravated by uneconowic competition and trade disputes. 3. The developments in regard to raw cotton which are of interest to India are: (a) The extension of the area under cotton in Russin; (b) The prospect of a larger yield in 1936 in countries within the British Empire other than India; (c) Japanese plans to exploit the cotton fields of China with a view to self-sufficiency. Lancashire continues strenuously to encourage the use of Indian cotton by research, propaganda, and other methods in pursuance of its undertaking at the Ottawa Conference. There was a slight decline (less than 2%) in regard to imports of long staple cotton, but the imports of short staple cotton into England in 1935 were 823,000 centals, as compared with 684,000 centals in 1934, and 450,000 centals in 1933, though prices did not consistently encourago this larger offtake of Indian cotton by the United Kingdom market. In regard to the rubber situation in general, and the Indian situation in particular, the important features were the reduction of world stocks by nearly 100,000 tons and the successful conclusion of the negotiations for increases in the India and the Burma esport quotas under the international agreement. Rubber prices ranged from 5 17/32d. per pound in September, 1935, to 7 7/16d. per pound in March, 1936, as against an average of 2 11/32d. in 1932. Indian exports to the United Kingdom in 1935-36 were less than in 1934-35, but were a little over three times those in 1933-34. The total value of jute exported from India rose from about Rs. 32 crores in each of the years 1933-34 and 1934-35 to Rs. 37 crores in 1935-36; but the position is not free from disturbing factors. With the general movement in the direction of economic self-sufficiency, competing fibres have made some progress, while the development of bulk transport continues to be a menace to the jute industry. The industry is, however, fully aware of the dangers of the situation, and the report contains a detailed description of the organised measures taken to meet the attacks on this important Indian trade.

·$ As well as on tal rifugte of tru to world marlrt. Irrer ifr nain rolurite mus liint ate zolaird arrrrling in an inter ostiral tra regolalkn war 77e tulee of the import of Ir lian tra info be InfrI hit, ! : derliard from P'. 14 illalt in 1131-2, te 18. 1781911. in 1927 11.- IM Sarlat Isabi na bastantinued it. In papands to atıralate the un'in of tes In triard to nie tra le front. "Irain optred racket in 193) Tirrsposto nf 13.10 mi 11 litr in mladim to th. oiled ht in ir! I rxt in to 0 () at Impert. of Indian telare late als ihreraul Intl. #lalb. to N. 44 lll. un 1 11te air dofnile in lorating of * *TWIDE interitis (part of tanufactures in Hair tol arco The intrulu ti f of inpir tol area inn alfarrlin manufartem in them Intel hird in wtull . Dr direk olursa a un enorme we Coll, in whised Iodia obroll kalle to participim with probt The walion in and to the holes and line tra la month whole entouraging w far as the latter hina in nallmare were Iturriard but firrman trade intrario con lerall bir pried I joints in that country {"reas now une sf the rou n rafitir la irard to whorba organ ! Morte are being sale for the elamulation of cratum;tion la report on top 1. Dos millarial and tanie orrt to ruinm iter aligneterne in the interns of the role cortituti Ilhi rontities and at, fuortings are dem til in il r chaffrt of the top of to lanarl from ។ The report => was inclu les chapler ca Iodian timberly Wir lloch Watso lle Toiler.Ituer to the ligh (cmmimer It wall i Iners ins of in die tatalet int tortellingdorn West Mcol c tort in 193, as dit rulir inte in 14 tle ibernate link aimst estirelt in inal TAC sol lollar atr alin the rabjert e parale paris tea lui Cruel. *ilarlaquity Ir Sllar litrh llarrau tasult of the frie! t.. cinnatin at ulyklar Ileusred Na ra4 190 ne rin if lar bate in Ers! Tutil din spatial ibreerutya, litr ils fult 1911-3. restitue til dintuice facing 16 L. las inde ·6 Chapter VI, written by Mr. G. H. Tipper, Minerals Adviser to the High Commissioner, deals with the export trade from India of the minerals produced in that country, and brings out the fact that the recovery in the minerals trade is largely due to the programmes of rearmament in various countries, the building boom in the United Kingdom, and the increased activity in the electrical industries. The year 1934/35 showed a very large increase in the exports of manganese ore from India and the exports of mica also improved greatly, reaching the high total of 167,000 cwts. The policy of trade publicity was actively pursued during 1935/36, as will be seen from chapter VII prepared by Mr. B. D. Asli, the Publicity Officer of the Trade Department. The exhibitions and trade fairs in which the Department participated reflected the increasing prosperity in the United Kingdom and the results derived from this form of publicity showed encouraging expansion. The orders booked were larger in volume and samples were sold at the stalls to an increasing degree. 4. The High Commissioner desires to bring to the notice of the Government of India the high ability and zeal with which Dr. Meek has continued to perform his duties in the interests of India's trade, and he also wishes to endorse Dr. Meek's remarks of appreciation regarding the excellent work of the officers and staff of the Trade Department. The work of the Department has, during recent years, not only increased in volume and complexity, but has become especially difficult owing to the numerous fiscal and other barriers imposed by European countries. The High Commissioner also takes this opportunity of acknowledging with thanks the very valuable assistance which has invariably been freely given by official and non-official organisations in this and other countries to the Trade Department. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your most obedient Servant, B. RAMA RAU, Deputy High Commissioner.

·CONTENTS 1101 . Ixtaptction. Chromax-lover Trade Tonleacles 12 CHART** II - Agricultural Progett-Foodoute Chartin III Igricultural prolacte-Indsetrul atenalt Curta. IV --Indies Timbert Chartan Vlao and Shellac ::$:cörr Chartin Iedia Viseralı Geretal CHAPTER VII -Trade Palletty Char* \111 Committees and Conferences 70 Cuarte* IX -fiaft and acknowledgureris Arrr"DINA -Range of Incen ol Fiarle lolian Cosmoltirsin. Uoltel Kingdom daring the lut ihtne jean Arratx B-Imports of lod so sluple Products in the Unite! hing'om dosing the thrro Liontte Jocoury- Sarel, 1936 Arra-Ons of the True Department of the Bliss Losinoner lor Ir jis turtirs on Cropean! Trade Comitles in the Irle! hing! Mareh. 1936 f ku ATT**Du 1) - Chart to lunke the organjal on the Tre Desarmet Art Dili - Puncines molled lov. Deity Trade Core it lorer, Atrions cibet ut tot $14 clit. Traje Depuis Tenuruth Indestr.Tur, 1236 - Bitrand Ormurd 1. Yskor Tell fratil.Landi Report 1

·ILLUSTRATIONS.
FAOING
PAGE
Victoria Technical Institute Stand, British Industries Fair, 1936... 16
Indian Stand, Food Section, British Industries Fair, 1936
24
Indian Stand, Sports Section, British Industries Fair, 1936
32
Indian Stand, -Coir, etc.7. Mats and Matting, Textile Section,
Britisb Industries Fair, 1936
40
...
Indian Lapoashire Cotton Committee Stand, Textile Section,
"British Industries Fair, 1936
48
Bibar and Orissa Stand, British Industries Fair, 1936
64
Empire Week at Messrs. Selfridge & Co., Ltd., London. Luncheon
given to Dominion Representatives
80
...

·REPORT OF THE WORK OF THE INDIAN TRADE COMMISSIONER, LONDON, 1935-36. INTRODUCTION. it cannel The 11 of the Indian Tialf out 11 het lwt, in ito ninoternth rar of cxrerere, drale with all arquitie traling on the irriterale fmm ludia to ti. Imel Kingsman America In its calling your it alo dealt with quinn an serted with the caputi tra lr In India to the suruan (anti ornt, but turlarnjurie, late him len talouter litt mer (Foresatent Tradi t'omnozessnes. Ilanturg lur .. 11 - rolate in mesthiron tumpe Dlhile Inelian (304 toment Train Countessoner, Hilon, whine phir was posma val. Bolruary 1917, 19 far as they selale to Wouthern hun for Thierrge 11 fix the grar 1925/26 therefore drale in grratst detail with it. monott strate whul harr talra flaren thr l'autel hingil tua ani in meriran (1 unttir than clarorer altogether arou a ririrser foutlas rire in the Iradrs I umman tuntrice to tlir toilet liteam thir: Larriet olladeiracy mai. in fitur, arbirr! Ir the ulary monopne nationaler mot sureur 1 lini tentinental inspiring there is no formalesdits like wlation of any particular country from the initirdiale offerteslaub a salirr mbine frirtint donct #lop at the frontirt, Iut traind lat Arwide in Arrultural country, urh a. Iudia ant les an2111n; thr prunal of 11 iral Anithir fr1111111retruite sur les filt (un rutir rantint fulto le derpla in romelihil rais nur err ticari thir ('untinent and future to fill tomats i un gran rient. of turen than loral importatre The minor arratsomoontelib the Indian Trade Cosmicort lain in ki raroritt ** Serirlar in the Iligh (tarins311! et in the Trade I)e; artico! Iemand. In einer laurh with the It liat (ortointit! Thale Cat milenen at llatul ur: an! Bilan eriute that wil informal ng relatiog to trade cuin111*nis on the confort to srjestral to tima si wirin arm or other for purjmy metal atalalle in him of mainimeste freta taloalle Kurre fra which tu furar a poneral aneust (!it. Jangan mo rut dituen TLAT, tweet de betek! 2 tal lir rr! klo irrit, it from in alte the frestal and comfort at pally in the lintaKirp! In's stolk*to** irfashier NO* tur derek, en in I: lis 0.1; tko vrat order irstre TL* Jimetent justo el bus infº!! att ile. , *re!! #rctate of the galli ·10 I acted as Indian Trade Commissioner throughout the year, except for an interval of a little over a month. On the 4th September, 1935, I proceeded to Ottawa to represent the Government of India at the Conference of British Commonwealth Statisticians and returned on the 19th October, 1935. Mr. Y. N. Sukthankar, Deputy Trade Commissioner, officiated as Indian Trade Commissioner during the period of iny absence. He occupied the the post of Deputy of Deputy Trade Commissioner for the rest of the Vear. Sir TIugh Watson, Mr. Tipper and Br. Gibson continued throughout the in their l'espective posts of Timber Adviser to the High Commissioner, Minerals Adviser to the High Commissioner, and Special Officer, Lac Enquiry. Ifr. B. D. Asli, Indian Trade Publicity Officer, remained in charge of the Publicity Section of the Trade Department throughout the year, except from 2nd August, 1935, to 21st September, 1935, when he was away in connection with the Toronto Exhibition. He has furnished a full report of that Exhibition in the quarterly report for the quarter ending September, 1935. the year in The work of this Office in the matter of trade assistance can probably best be explained at the outset by stating what it does not include. It is not concerned with any commercial policy. Policy is a matter for the Government of India. Secondly, it is not concerned with the import trade into India. That is the function of the Department of Overseas Trade, so far as the United Kingdom is concerned, and of the corresponding departments in other countries so far as foreign imports into India are concerned. Thirdly, it does not undertake any business itself, nor does it undertake any financial responsibilities when bringing about trade connections. Fourthly, it will not advise people about their investments or solicit capital for new projects, although it can often help with information bearing on these points which is likely to be useful to trading concerns interested in the export trade of India. The activities of the Trade Commissioner for India can be grouped under three main heads : (1) Commercial Intelligence, (2) Commercial Publicity, (3) Commercial Committees. The term “Commercial Intelligence covers not only trade enquiries from Indian exporters seeking to extend their connections with the United Kingdom and America, and from importers in those areas desiring to import Indian goods, but also correspondence with, and services rendered to official, semi-official and unofficial bodies in India. These services include research work undertaken ·on Iwball of the Imperial Council of Antirultural Rrerart! 10 India, and the trading of local tariet fort the prime ol'astalle for India wale Special reporte art wsitten from time to tif. is the office of the Trade i ormuntre for Iria opral fratures of India's expert traile anl there toporte arr pullebeel it the Indian Traile Journal if they ate nit (la cuir Sdertial tatuir Hort nf the information and replace to any requirir: recrire Jurert froin bulinnmen in India arribiana! Ir milloran duplicate to the Dirertnt-General of Constirrr131 Ictrlligeurr se 1 Statistics, ('alcutta, who forward, one rep's to the equirre ao1 retains a duplırate to rralle hit 10 reply to anr furtarr enquiries of amlat nature that snar in allra to hun TY. rnquirie from Ipilie relating to foreign markets sbe ull threrinn He addren in the Grst intaner to the files for (icnrml of Com herrial Intrlligence and Statistics at I Council Jinuer Street Calcutta Ilr tnon alnındy hart in the filansire terenul tir! liare Inroluilt up in Calcutta orrt DANS ** or part of the information required, and be will inos in what points further enquiries have in allem to the Indian Gorernment Trado Comisiones in London, Ilamburg a Milan If the infortunion usted for a altradr on troint in ('alents the enquirer will olorinusly air time if he writr. in the Director Corral of Commerrial Intelligence in thr firul installer As an exception to the rearral rule that the Trade In pioner does not deal with a quirira telaling for swito into loca 31!1fwind enquiries from man firm in Ingland in India air Ankes up provided tlors i uot tenir la pouda whirls would ratri into competition with lus lian pureudert. Indi matin . furnished regarding machinery mal face to business ten an! Giotern toent Departments in india drainage suel puslarer for the fur pow of furthering the articultural and in larial desohe pearsi of Ileaner piren la Indiat, tierrhasta en oferida diTicultim in their dealing with 1 reign Inetraat, w 18 import or export line: nf traile, ani the department ta lemn alle to settle urreral disputes in which In 1:an frie rest at du Iranfage either through their teistet ** po lack of clor onal matart with #ridern firms, or thrrugh abortolanling Fating arena eitler side The department la llena!! to it Indian interests in a tiurplus il aportant case in kort dimrulir han den Ifriprred in cleaning the maslim through the ('usters (metrial pullirit ryk mile rare ! #fitlir fre pour ihr orradaling af inlar utat!. ! 1&lalar, ir luling notert seine totul Irlas olafu", att af 1.4 11.

·12 displaying of Indian films, the giving of lectures and the distribution of pamphlets on Indian trade subjects and the loan of lautern slides and films to schools and other institutions. The Exhibition Hall, Library and other public rooms at India House serve a useful purpose in their display of panelling, furniture and flooring manufactured from Indian decorative woods. All the timber used for constructional or furnishing purposes comes from India. The Exhibition Hall contains a fine collection of artistic products of India, including gifts by His late Majesty King George V and by Queen Mary, gifts by the Central and Local Governments in India, by Indian States and by individuals, both Indian and European. Samples of the best grades of Agricultural, Mineral and Forest products of India are displayed in the Commercial Samples Room, and the Director of the Imperial Institute co-operates with the High Commissioner for India in the display of samples of Indian produce and manufacture in the Indian Gallery of the Institute. The Industries Departments of several Provincial Governments in India (Bihar and Orissa United Provinces, Madras and Punjab) have lately taken steps to encourage the sale of the products of cottage industries by appointing an Agent in England, who works under the general supervision of the High Commissioner as exercised by the Trade Department. Commercial Committees : The work of the Trade Department on the Commercial Committees has been increasing during the last few years and some details regarding the nature of that work will be found in Chapter VIII. The chapters in this report which deal with Commercial Intelligence under the various heads of agriculture, timber, lac and minerals and with Commercial Publicity, have been written by the various officers of the Trade Department primarily concerned with those subjects. Chapter I.--Modern Trade Tendencies. The chapter is divided into three sections, viz., Survey, Planned Economy, and India and the United Kingdom Market. The survey begins with a rapid summary of last year's survey, and goes on to describe briefly the broad features of world ·Nonnt The followr i uph ameshat dala) dermitir hot ir niet in tcrte i hus!! Iunit irur fries the trail Safra ! ! with spreal referea r to retian tra lee ATL it Itteriet Surrey made up with a detaile! le cripta nofile morir drerla meni. in Inlı during the rear ucles rrrir* 1lacrt MNOTY #o for at tbh. soport inurrrr! frals ) rim inoxlitirs which arr nt lett entirely to the inietsrt 3 / 11 Annomic form of wupplr an deuren ! ! it ate it- palace! or asrital at mor stare in the fold on the fart rrite farinry to }monuing puller The chapter almeno 11 Bertion on India and the imitr! hinpinm inasint fri tesl. among other "fire with te mit fra' tren in fua in the Untirthing Inm with prial refresretni mobitire auprira * protuinent larr in that trade Survey in foll gmur trait pro Appreciation of the revni tr rrito na rurowan Aunttiru And that in ag staat trus link ruarie nurh at Jan Vesica Juning the rear un'or serem numin art, la rar's surirs Is befol a tarting : 1 Irie ilman litinn. then ware (1) Terryntrin #hih hat forint antrelles del nostre test rurrrdrinin en with errltog had in general, farm laster than the mostrar Lort L! maglared the full farlit 13) }}maulls eality members of the "aferlins errorelo Breater ritent than three in the sterling umup*usslring raw i sterial. lal barnet in ela argir Inent (!) Thann lofarin ti pirater mirm! WETT throl internatilatatilsatunci rutet ciri anl formalulle trol thieti in trobar el mille tar.... clear agterbro 1 irialat out " orrate "Intessent jul the forthewarltrer le risposte i rywy rinulat notice i oleju* clearances urine in 1)p 11 It toorment 1}r Arnt oplatite and bring a pulture in lunil onuritorIlra lor est, on in their lennum 11 Iltalelerle fuires a lan the train tl ( alm, Hair Triton all tatrowell.i.at. reclitione 11111=oni mortalitar 3 Intretirat stil! Irri! F.Fet ... 1 not let at fr. 1. ma Iridon ·a more confident pote than its predecessor, at any rate, so far as Great Britain and the British Empire are concerned. The same remarks could be applied, without any serious fear of contradiction, to the “Sterling Group as a whole. Although there are some indications of improvement in the “Gold bloc," reliable signs of definite recovery are still lacking. Indeed, with some countries included in the Gold bloc " conditions have gone from bad to worse. Broadly speaking, the outstanding features of the recovery are: (1) The improvement has been fundamentally in domestic trade; (2) The heavier industries and those connected with rearmament have showed a marked improvement. In Great Britain some of the relatively newer industries, such as the motor car and the film industries, have made considerable headway; (3) The overseas trade has displayed some improvement, at least for the countries in the sterling group, the United Kingdom imports being the highest since 1932 and the exports highest since 1930; (4) Wholesale prices have been on the upward grade in most countries; (5) In spite of the improvement, industry in Great Britain is still using much less money than in 1929, although money was dearer then. In most countries, the policy of cheap money has remained in force, except on occasions when rates of interest have had to be raised to meet monetary crises or to check the flight of capital. What have been the influences at work behind these trends whose broad features have been stated above? In what direction and with what strength are these influences working? What is their application to India and her trade? These are some of the questions for the answers to which this survey must supply materials. It may be convenient to begin with a selection of the outstanding events during the year under review which, by their importance, have initiated or influenced certain economic developinents. The year 1935-36 may easily take its place as one of the most eventful years of the post-war era, being full of occurrences of first-class political and economic importance. A series of currency crises within the “Gold bloc," the judicial shocks to the new deal in the United States of America, International Conferences dealing with delicate questions of far-reaching importance, the Silver Jubilee of the late King-Emperor, evoking a wonderful display of loyalty and drawing together the ends of this far-flung Empire by bonds of unity and giving through the Jubilee celebrations an inevitable stimulus to trade, the closing of that reign nine months later amidst universal sorrow and the beginning of the new reign with messages of homage and loyalty from all over the Empire, the General Elections in Great Britain, and in some of the Dominions, the Italo-Abyssinian war, with its episodes leading at times to situations of the greatest delicacy ·15 them are some o! the prente which will make the trar a memoral te one and of which riet afrit maut tali arte la spite ollee desturlung errors of the printreal firanrial and currenry apbrree, will many brwed a larther alraner a. rempared with the previous reas In lural (utput threr. the world allvagem dj socially with restaia erregte At 19 wat i koord me tbr . Goll biar Iftalur! in orr'n?"* in coinmodity prinne Lai talen plare, reperially to the parts withra girat majorits al countries who curtearins Lave linn draga or d-preriatri Agricultural price harr phase in the item blant and there has been an api trial lr im internet in 1) monnair mndition. uch Agricultural montare Argentine, Australia Menzil, Carita L- 1'irl Slatre ! Arnrnrn, the Dutch Hart in lies an India Tinirallen Huming power resulting from the bisher prices of thor agrirultural prxdurts of the untries riua esentanil, Iradi, antremont demand for manufactures and this ingether with the meeto feriral in the inlustrial contries, will help in arrelenie tl. frarnal improveigent The continunue decline ol uninglarmoni in most Furopean countries and in merira iur. inf. vlmomo pol the reprendomsrry, il), 10 turn kolonia) furtber router On the other hand, the value ! the intry national trade las nol shorn anr priatie incorner over t). previous year Front palonalı still doritate the fall mod derives fresh strength from gor Isfaral and militars rather than armatur, non feration. In thr early clars of the 'rgrunn Rugbt itJustGrainnin rarlı case from the times to traintain an artire Irade Inaut Andriol the ratx na rurrers the frat nl war and the onnefant rould orllurienet in 1..! multi and raw inateral i ! juros defence, thermal trawn lebined the line of sutaris i la: alu! Alt itt. Illat in mmt muntries, at lesef | art and retire a soarinlyante! thr mirarur inprovement barbi laº toleo laer la trallent from the wirefral geleer olmus amati erine er forladire of war.lile pratati si Alter this rapid Irich ! 12. urrilme! redient te 611 the trialo korirg gr farliielo mr lurt van hour tries, in the Intel Niatre offresten arlo Jaren During 1937 the loup · fute ja irrat J! 1131* *.11 tk. I letel 1). Art. nurlutt tron! **19 - hinder than in 19.'1 al train the roles in the laut tret ter 11., 11 ( The rulesi! Eclor! (I ** ·the lowest since July, 1930, and was down to about 1,838,000 in December, 19:31. The production of feril sin !1,812,-1011 tonn, the hiyliony On jetond; the potput of pis 1 it $111 tror! ingots Han 180% of that in 19:32. The British Iron and Steel Industry now stands in a far muio farourable position rivalieris its competitors than at any time since the War. "The total prodlurtion of steel ingots and castings in 1935, viz., 9,812,-100 tons, (xrcrded the 1931 output hy a little over 11%, and out-tripped the boon figures of the War year 1917 and the post-xa year 1929. The total output of pig iron amounted to 15,120,100 tonn, 14 presenting an increase of 7.7%, Orn the output in 1931. lig iron output is still lower than in 1929, bera1244 of the greater proportion of scrap now used in strel making and in founlrirow, the decline in the pig iron exports and the production of wrought iron. The iron and steel industry awes its recovery to the inrrenced demand from the domestic consuming trades, particularly from the building and constructionnl industries. The motor manufacturing industry, the railways, the engineering tradea, and the ship-building yards, which witnessed increased activity during the year under review, have also contributed to the recovery of the iron and steel industries. Dumping in this country of Continental steel tras terminated by the agreement between the representatives of the United Kingdom and continental Steel Industries on July 31st, 1935. Yote must also be taken of the potentialities of these agreed arrangements between the United Kingdom and Continental Steel interests as regards the esport trade. AIRCRANT IXDI'STRY. Pansing mention should also be made of the considerable activity taking place in the aircraft industry from the expansion of the R.A.F. With the organisation and development of air lines at home and abroad, the aircraft constructing industry and the expost tinde in arraft showed encouraging signs of improvement. MOTOR CAR INDUSTRY. The motoi rar industry vow ranks as the third largest mannifucturing activity in the United Kingdom. During 1935 the leading motor car makes increased their output by 25% and found a market for this production. Expansion on this scale seller's an enlargement of spending power at home and the revival of the European and some foreign markets. The motor car, once a luxury, has now become almost a necessity, and there

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3D BRITISH INDUSTRILI TAIR

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·11 *11freet to mh * 1 of per ref rolafzimir a a}} *** 197 et !!! Ilus li va relevant res wil arreunir tirim? Ibrarieret ***** *** rep trongtin lleur raqam one of *** man sinirlilife that itinurl 1/2 holters # 1 linnaru*» frana* 11 ** *** usrengt !! the ato qytx ir yrkiskers in einen ent ani the tre leser ! 11 l welcaling up tallil all rourt I turn pnl forti Irlarity in it let ! 111 fans the prixlirtira mot ar strerit lorl Asr » ܙܕ ܙ ܪ ܬ ܐ. ܙaܐ ܙ | ܐ ܐ ܙ ܐ ܐܙ ܙ ܐ ܙ ܫ ܐ ܙ ܕܙ ܙܕܙ ܐ ܀ ܕܐܙܙ n ܕܙ (IT NITRI ۲۰ ۴ ما ۱۰ در ۱۰ ۱۱۱ ۱۰، ۱۲) riܬܐ ܐܐ Tint The tracer mais! ar lustry in 1) mes marit al lanciliornirtile the liralije. and. Uuri largelt 11 frolite in the rit ninotsr n the lar! herbes 1) wantsen niin l 17 ? imprintinn antis 11 forlarr troch egin ondan ile magesen i etter fur! ! it represent the An result of it wone in it in fuotis thr nin kahrtoli namitn ! *7* <tting enter an intencion In om fritusrahnweies rard work alan bir ? wir Ianufa iunilar + lire prelucta al te lira puslit les lliste Inail art pelul feature of Alinla fra linne in ito rire et omsliste fire talle ting of 1*0 n the nnnt wilule unaltyfreninilen airro funt ·18 The U.S.A. had a large carry-over from the previous season and the area under cotton is again being curtailed. Although details are not available, Russia is extending her cotton-growing area and now claims to be second only to the U.S.A. Egyptian cotton has not fallen of in quality or quantity, and approximately half of the yield is taken by England. The British Empire, apart from India, produces half a million bales of cotton, and the prospects of a larger yield in 1936 are distinctly encouraging. Japan proposes to exploit the Chinese cotton fields and is working for self-sufficiency in the course of time. Indian cotton interests will no doubt take due note of these changes, which are likely to affect the demand for Indian cotton in future years. The Lancashire Indian Cotton Committee, which is now in the third year of its existence, strenuously pursued its activities in connection with the Ottawa undertaking to encourage the use of Indian cotton. In view of the notice of termination of the Ottawa Agreement, the Committee sought guidance in regard to its future operations, and has been advised by the President of the Board of Trade to continue its activities in the meantime. The following figures show the offtake of Indian Cotton, both long and short staple, by the United Kingdom market during the calendar years 1933-1935 and in the first quarter of 1936. 1933. 1934. 1935. 1936 (In '000 centals of 100 lbs.) (Jan.to Maroh.) Cotton Raw under 14 inches and over inch India 638.7 U.S.A. ... 7447.6 Egypt 937.8 846-7 4493.2 899.4 831.0 5506.7 1026.3 312.4 1594.0 230.1 Total ...10704:7 9406.1 93581 2638-5 Cotton Raw of inch and under India 450.5 684-0 822-7 336-0 Total ... 565.3 784.7 987-4 384-3

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·20 SCANDINAVIAN COUNTRIES. * The Scandinavian countries have had another prosperous year, although the conditions have varied somewhat in the individual countries. Growing volume of business on the Stock Exchange in 1935, as compared with previous years, gives a definite indication that Norway has had a prosperous year. A better home market, increased foreign demand for whale oil, improved purchasing power resulting in increased imports, and better freight earnings, have contributed to this prosperity. The index of industrial production which finds a sale on the home market was 120.4 in October, 1935, and the index of industrial production for export trades 111.8 (1st half of 1933 = 100). Although the freight earnings have been better in 1935 than in previous years, there is still room for improvement, and the shipping industry remains in a somewhat difficult position in spite of the welcome reduction in the tonnage laid up. The strength of the gold and the foreign exchange reserves is a further indication of Norway's improved financial position. DENMARK. The year 1935 has been a better year for Danish agriculture than the previous year. In spite of fluctuations in the prices of the main agricultural produce, the average prices of bacon and butter have been 5% and 21% higher, respectively, than in 1934. The average price of eggs has remained much the same as in 1934, but the exports of eggs have been higher in 1935 than in the previous year, whereas the exports of bacon and butter declined by 10% and 8%, respectively. The position of the Danish industries has improved as a result of the protection given by the import restrictions. Freight rates have been better than in the previous year and shipping has done well. SWEDEN. The Swedish industries have again done well and shown further improvement. There has been some talk of the building activity slackening somewhat in the near future, but, with the Government undertaking to start public works on a large scale, it is expected that there will be no reduction in the consistent activity of the Swedish industries. Swedish imports from Germany declined, while the exports to that country increased: but the balance of trade is still in favour of Germany. * Details of India's trade with countries in northern Europe are given in the report of the Indian Trade Commissioner, Hamburg, and for southern Europe in that of the Indian Trade Commissioner, Milan, .

·The Anglo-Suedib (rade 14 mm boxing a tendency t Ialance, wherens formerly the ratio for Swedish esports in Bntain wbra compared with Steireh import: from Britain orrel out at fire to threr Freight camiage hasr improved And although Sueden has had an offerta bulsore of trade it 14 riperted that, due to improved freight caraipfe and the foreigo moto of international Swedieb Companies the balance of par Bients will shox A surplus in Sweden', fatour The foreign exchange pwwtion of the Rikalink is reported to lon strong which supports thr expectation that tlır Ialance of payments is still on the right side The reduced amount of sable foreign lending 15 * notable feature of the finanın poutien in Sweden during the year under review FANCY Theatruggle between the riral schools of dedation and dernlun tu n continues in mnre the plier of deflation shall holding the field The olies has, loveins failed w far to ring almut Tenery, and one lui in vain ker any signs of the rron mic improvement whih tine manifested allsea herr I rance has ut reperienced thu nlmnef universal re in tle indices of prolae tron I be delen of recurity in Iranre can be gren froin the lillow 111. initiere of production for the last three years Yosenber, 1943 107 (1913 100 Yoremler 1934 ly, 1935 72 End of 1035 04 - 04 There was a slight improvement in the textile, iron and oral an! 1 uilding trailer, which reflected in the index of production Towards tho end of 1935 thr in lex of luutness activits was bylow 73 for the greater jart of the Imr recept during var, when it al al 173 Tlic arenge of unrmplesment was much higher than in 1934 sharp fall in the wholesale prime index was the Treole of the policy followrid bs the laral (orernment is the ndravour to bring about an improvement by mratis of debutsen The different brutween trench anl fitriga prom has a treuli contructal approrallr since 1931. Thir margia lower the soir 1) trnch anl ferrogo priets lor! leren! Ir premt 122.5 it *** tnlurred to ing lot a fall in prima bar an adortu ertrait Firneli trienne A. the Firal assler: ta largely on an a roloren los llmilxar rerigte bare catravel ta delior, the wafen Inaint nunturios 17,191 41? in 1925 as apaint 14.07.179 in ! farinui trar Bankruptcy latelics Inng berse femrihlr the dificult lyuarsi molitione primiling and enthool at a tronthly Airta Intan 17, 248.1. Cir? in 1911 Tirontastroplir fall in agricultoral prices las hit the track prauatl very hard ·22 aud veduced the general purchasing power in the country. It would appeal that the reduction in prices has not succeeded in iestoring the French markets and the schemes for promoting tiade ainong the Gold bloc" countries have so fai pioved unsuccessful. There is a general lack of confidence in the business world and the general improvement experienced elsewhere had not yet touched France. BELGIUA. Belgium, like France, also witnessed the struggle between the ural schools of deflation and devaluation, and pursued the policy of deflation for some time; but on 31st March, 1935, the issue was decided in favour of deraluation, the extent of the devaluation being 28%. It is too early to judge of the permanent effects of the new policy, but the immediate effects have been the repatriation to the Belgian Banks of the funds which had been transferred abroad, a rise of about 10% in retail prices in Belgium and a healthy actirity in shipping and other fields responsible for invisible exports. It will probably be some time before the influence of the lower cost of Belgian goods in foreign currency resulting from devaluation becomes apparent in the increased value of total exports. HOLLAND. Holland, on the other hand, has followed the policy of deflation, pure and simple. Although on the whole the year has been a quiet one, the safety of the guilder was attacked thrice during the yeai -in April, July and September. The April and July attacks were due in some measure to speculative activities, whereas the September attack was characterised by the flight abroad of Dutch capital. The Netherlands Bank met the situation by raising its discount late to 6%, and this step checked the gold drain. Dutch foreign trade has suffered a contraction, as will be seen from the following figures :- (In 1,000,000 guilders.) January-November. 1930. 1931. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935 Imports 2,233 1,752 1,192 1,102 965 Exports 1,601 1,231 673 (23 863 776 656 Import surplus 652 621 416 . 429 309 240 Although the import su plus has shrunk, not much comfort can be diawn from that, as the decrease in the import surplus has been accompanied by a continuous falling oft in exports, and, on the whole, the shrinkage of imporis denotes a deciense in the imports of raw materials, which probably indicates that internal ·frwduction hat received a netburk The state of an in the Netherland. kaut Indir, bowetes bac hown a definite improve quent, the budget n nrarlı binnred the intemotional trgulation arbeides basr benefited its important products, Tin Nabber and Tra, and bare resulted in An inproremmat of the Iradier indantriee OERMANY AND ITALY The economic developinent of these two couenire in the year under rerire, with special reference to the trade with India of the two countries, will form the subject matter of the Annual Reporte Jisuel by the Indian Gorement Trade Commistogeri at Iarburg and Jolan A brief sketch of the condihods ID Germany and Italy is, howerer, included here in order to complete the picture of European cooditrong Generally peaksof, nilitary and international political con uderation hare dominated the economic developaeal of theme two countries, and industriet connected with reartament for the national delence have done well This development bus helped to keep doan unemplopinent in Germaus at a stage when the State's work-creating achetnes har almost been completed F.ro ), the annual sale of incrraar of industrin) prrulurtson has fallen of in the fron and steel industry, the production of pig iron and infot steel bad adranced by 13% and 35% repertirely 1945 19 Agust and 67 1931 Thr nutput of coal mining bcreased by against IC, in the prerious prar It has also to bar doted that the large cal production in 1931 was dae to the transfer of the Saar territory to the Reich in the fuonth of Varch of that year abarp contrast neru the conditions in domestic and 10 foreign trade matours and exports hair been subudil lip the collection of leri, called "Toluntary (optribution sou pored upon thr industries This ley really amounts to taxation of the domestir sales ***181 the expansion of exports The strongest alations of foreigo trade, which conneared in the antund of 1931, ull continues, and Germany, as a result, 11 rudering from abortage of raw material No offoria are apared, however, to increase de esta poroduction of faw maternel. omalls un noted from abroa! or in crolie xul Istutes for such material, in this litter Geld suerre is claimed for peluction of sothetse pelrol, mineral oil and artificial textile, but there it growing Karrity of supplier of rubber, oil, molton, leather, far brett oils, corr And all the other bare metal. The steel ipdantry kalo uderink from badequate supplier of bigb grade cra in ALS Detailed information he fint leo I it! inner tardior 1.. Hey to take tuu lit1024 14 lialı, really love On telur, 19 AIN ·24 from October, 1935, the Bank of Italy has ceased to issue the usual Bulletin on the financial situation. Although sanctions exerted pressure on the internal economy of Italy, industrial activity was well maintained and a great advance took place in the industries supplying equipment for the East African Expedition. Crop yields are reported to have been large, and domestic supplies of wheat, sugar, rice and other staple foods did not suffer. The electrification of railways has been extended, thus considerably reducing the country's coal requirements. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. The year under reviet will be memorable in the economic history of the U.S.A. for the judicial shocks which the “New Deal received, but in spite of these, or, according to some, because of these, business showed better progress than in the previous year. Industrial production made greater progress than during the abortive boom of June/July, 1933, and some of the credit for the improvement must be given to the stimulus received by trade and industry from general relief spendings, especially in the farm implements and motor manufacturing industries. These industries, in their turn, made their influence felt on steel production. The motor car industry maintained in the first ten months of 1935 an average of 96% of the production over a period of years against 76% in 1934. Similarly, the average for the steel industry worked out at 75% as against 60% in 1934. The index of production for the textile industries advanced from 97 in December, 1934, to 112 in October, 1935. Agricultural production, however, and the industries connected therewith, did not show a corresponding improvement. The lumber trade, for example, only rose in October, 1935, to 42% of the average reached in 1923-25, and freight car loadings displayed no more than a slight improvement towards the end of 1935 when compared with 1934. The export trade in the first ten months achieved a slight advance when compared with the same period of 1934, the improvement in the export of manufactured goods being offset by a decline in the export of agricultural products. Non-agricultural exports constituted 70% of the total exports. Imports, on the other hand, registered an increase of 23% during the same period. The imports of foodstuffs increased in the same period by 31%, and those of crude and semi-manufactured products and of manufactured products by 25% and 16%, respectively. The official statistics relating to unemployment are not complete, but according to one estimate there were just over nine millions unemployed in October, 1935. This shows a decrease of 8.6% from the unemployment figures a year earlier, and it is believed that there has been a further decline in unemployment towards the end of 1935. Commodity prices showed an appreciable rise. Between December, 1934, and October, 1935, the index, which covers 784

·IXDIAN ITAXD
FOOD SECTION
ARITIEI INDUSTRIES TA1R
1931

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·25 wholesale comfodite prirea, adranred fruto 76 9 10 606 11 The cost of living of rage rargest rom Ly 41, bare Vosenber, 1934, and on mber 1935 arcording to tbm estima the National ladgetrial Conference Board To jer the facts from different angle, the parchasing qower of the do wording to the Board, kas at 118 6 renta in dotember 1 ant 110 2 cents in Oetnler and 1318 cente in lorember 19 mod 100 cents in 107 Taray The rear was notable for expanson of foseign trade ruita cont in Japanese currency of imported tay walrsialt wa ountered by the cheapnes of raw materials ya tbe world markete And the low wages of Japazes operatives, due to the low cost of food in Japan The discount tale trmnine undueturn for the third sear in tur rusion mohet asideas and commobite prema intinded to rue Plexis lapan s trying in teach all sufurienri sn the suppls of Mide of the comt multims which mbur af prmarnt bas to import, ng #urd beat Iter rernen in tra le ripadson cosacided with uninterrupted preparations of a militars Tir Builer ilefirsts treuling from the heas mirar penditur were met lot domestie Inans and some idea of tar hrary and growing musliters expenditure ran be bad from tår fart that that expenditure nu* works out al 467 ot the total rapenditure, us against 811930 naturn Ixora Hersierte in ludia us aliowat lay this usualluoney adduse boe cuintipu steadils The total olur o! the experts of Indian nemrhaadım sent up In Ne 8.82 lallis 126 618.) as to spare with 1991-3), apił by Rm 23,1+ lokka 169930 (XX.)) ** it toparri th 19.1234 The actual value of total expwa los 19134, **. R 1.004 lakhs (11.1,31AUM 11 si rigorlicant but the Imipitotrment in rulur 19 the expanst troile during the prar cader retirw kas loeb basel los mont of the printospel artiries 1f11 bor largest importement ring notieralle in the eyj* Its of raw ute i Ri 2,3 lalha (1 313) Jule manufactura 118 *31*ith an raputrnal of Ile 12 lalla ( 11,913,1) eller bir and mains, ram is unless whicb rogutermal su tucirte la folalds (LTXI) The caxirts in the gre up forain lom mod Flour, adianteil br Ne bi ladds ({{37 (0) at hand, the reports al cotton nav ard waste derlined in 94 lalh. (€:21, and bow of tea and undo de la la 71 lalls (13 and X. lalhoff!rofyn ajurlively total osjerte el ajae unfal lo ll.

·26 (£28,732,500) in 1935-36 as against Rs. 53,26 lakhs (£39,945,000) in the previous year. The gold exports have decreased by nearly Rs. 15 crores (£11,250,000). The Indian balance of trade in merchandise (private) increased by Rs. 7,13 lakhs (£5,347,500 to Rs. 30,55 lakhs (£22,912,500) in 1935-36 as against Rs. 23,42 lakhs (£17,565,000) in the previous year. But on account of the falling off of the gold exports by nearly Rs. 15 crores, the total visible balance of trade declined by Rs. 903 lakhs (£6,772,500). The Bank rate, which had continued undisturbed at 31% from March, 1933, was reduced to 3% in December, 1935, and continued at that figure throughout the year under review. It is noteworthy that it has been possible to reduce the rate of interest to such a low level and, further, that the reduction should have taken place in December, which is usually the commencement of the export season and commonly witnesses a rise in the rate of interest. It has to be borne in mind that, since July, 1935, the Bank rate is that of the Reserve Bank of India, the rate before July, 1935, being that of the Imperial Bank of India. Although the Reserve Bank of India Act was passed by the Legislative Assembly in March, 1934, the Bank only began to function from the 1st April, 1935. As from that date it took orer the management of the Currency Department of the Government of India by the creation of a special department known as the Issue Department. The assets of the Gold Standard Reserve were transferred to the Bank and were combined with the assets of the Currency Department. From July 1st, the Banking Department was opened and the scheduled banks deposited the required percentage of their demand and time liabilities. The Clearing House was transferred from the Imperial Bank to the Reserve Bank from the 1st July. The average circulation of Currency Notes in 1935-36 was Rs. 192 crores (£144,000,000) and was Rs. 9 crores (£6,750,000) in advance of the circulation for 1934-35, being the highest average for the last seven years. It has to be noted that the circulation of notes during each of the months of 1935/36 was higher than that for the corresponding months of the previous year. The total cheque clearances in 1935/36 anounted to Rs. 18,27 crores (£1,370,250,000) as compared with Rs. 17,42 crores (£1,306,500,000) for the preceding year. The cheque clearances advanced by Rs. 85 crores (£63,750,000), being the second highest in the last seven years and only less than those for the year 1929/30. The position of the 32% Government paper showed further improvement in 1935/36, except for an occasional setback due to the complicated political conditions in Europe. The index number stood at 102 in March, 1936, as against 95 in April, 1935. The ·following onlle Llier the thiri huuless fir thirr under raries and thr previous yeur, nonth 1 tonth I(M) 1'!Ji. 113 mese anil 02 92 93 95 Jas June July August September Otober Tonerler December January lel runts March Arithmeti il Isetage 94 99 99 96 01 96 3 INI 100 101 102 १९ 97 101 102 101 03 DC Ihr des numler ol lunaperulanse Industrial prartın a Ivanred from 130 sn pril, 1911, 1n 13, in March 1976 anil slimnola strada 12 r seinent errepit 10 the months Sepirinber in Yovrinler, 1931, due to the Italo Ahvenia *ar and the resulting conplorations in the political world Ihr fillowing table gites the monthls change in the index aumber of these securitime for 1934-35 and for 1979-36 - (11.4 Tuls 1914 101), 1931-3) April 113 130 Bar 114 10 June 11t July 116 130 August 118 131 Septemulus 121 October 125 139 Vorraler 1. 1 Dereinber 120 13) Januan 131 Felruari 133 110 Starrh Irithmetical Tirrager The index namler ol sperulatite securities mtb. vint at the larginding as I the end of il fear un ler trrir, habely 212 and although it hotel arwal "Pictool in the intending Inntheit ** not all to mat tain the alarm TI! 1 tuma: talle see the fortualioue in the in les aut!*** & the ·28 ... ... ... ... . ... ... Speculative Securities, month by month, for the last two years :- (Base July, 1914=100.) 1934-35. 1935-36. April 196 212 May 195 219 June 200 222 July 199 216 August 205 214 September 212 202 October 227 211 November 239 218 December 241 226 January 250 220 February 247 213 March 236 212. Arithmetical Average 219.8 215.4 The general conclusions from these statistics are that Indian finances are in a healthy condition, that money is cheap and abundant, and that, given political quiet and less restricted markets in Europe and elsewhere, the recovery of India would continue unabated. . ..a ... Commoility prices, on the whole, have remained steady for the last two years, with, perhaps, a slight upward tendency, as the following table, giving the all-India wholesale prices, will indicate. The sudden spurt in October and November was due to the Italo- Abyssinian war conditions and the speculative activities encouraged thereby :- ALL-INDIA WHOLESALE PRICES. (Base 1873= 100.) % 1934-35 1935-36 change ( + or -) (2) (3) of (3) over (2) April 118 124 May 120 125 June 121 127 +5 July 120 128 August 122 128 September 122 126 October 123 129 November 122 131 December 124 127 January 126 127 +1 February 129 124 -4 March 125 123 Arithmetical Average 122.6 125.7 +2.5 +3 +4 + 7 +3 iiiii +5 +7 +2 ·The monsoon for 1935-36 *A* faroanable and the condition of crops, on the whole, satisfactory On prount of the farourall- Tirultural rundition, the proli341107 ni minst of the principal Agritztural commoditie* minus ! an increaue I at Fiumili ike final cotton forerast was 679 00 bales (400 11. parh) as against 4.830,000 the previous year, representing an advance of The supplementary figures showed eren a further improrr ment, being 5 728,000 bales in 1935-36 at pgainst thr corresponding estunate of 4,818,000 in 1934-35 It is rignificant that, arounding to the final forenet of lineerd, tur ratimatrilcmp was 41} (O) tons in 19.31-37 As against 372,000 ton in 1933-54 an advance of 11 The crop yield 1 16", higher than the average for the threr fears 1926-27--112927, the intal retimate then being 319.000 tons oolr The jute crop derlined in 25 and 18 stimated at 6 797 000 Inles of 100 lb each as against 8 525,000 bales in the presioni year This gives some measure of the surcros achiered ly the voluntary restriction scheme The rice crop has derlined bt R arcording to the final interest, which stanntes tlim veld to lyn 27,711.000 tons as against 30,293.000 tons in 1931-35 The groundnut crop showed an improsement of 15 according to the final formaat, mut line recht from 1,836 000 tons in 1931-3. In 2,139 000 tons in 1935-36 thus responding to the improved prince The progreen model India in sodustrial prolurlinn will loro apparent froin the followin: figures giving the output in par ticular industries for the last tro venrs, month he month industries splected are mtion manufactures (esclading trint and non) cotton piere-gowls jute manufacture pigsson strri ingente And finished worl - (rii Misi ZICTUR (ruladın: init and sarn) 19?135 1935-36 change of (2) orer (1 + 13 +2 l'ounda Million) Aparat 1225 5736 ny 02 10 June Tul 033 Lugtiul Sopirinlar 61 Chrter Jor? 61 Dermer 12 TIRU Jun Herunts 111 11) rii l'errentagr Flange for 1 month. (1) I'ror141003) .

·30 COTTON PIECE-GOODS 1934-35 1935-36 % change (+ or -) of (2) over (1) +16 + 28 +15 +6 +3 (1) (2) Yards (Million). April 244.6 283.4 May 234.0 300.0 June 245.5 282.0 July 277.5 293.9 August 288 8 298.9 September 287.1 287.1 October 313.2 300.6 November 301.4 310 8 December 341 5 333.9 January 300 2 294.1 February 2830) (a) 2909 March 277.2 (a) 291 9 Percentage change for 12 months == (@) Provisional. + 2 - 2 - 2 + 3 +5 +5 + 19 JUTE MANUFACTURES (including twist and yarn). % 1934-35 1935-36 change (+ or -) (1) (2) of (2) over (1) Tons (000). April 71.15 84.36 May 86 12 86.26 June 74 97 78.32 July 81.34 90.70 August 83.21 83.24 Septembei 74.51 81.71 October 79.51 86.05 November 80.57 79.07 December 79.77 84.32 +0 January 84 65 84.50 February 77 44 79.41 Maich 77 19 (n) 83 07 Percentage change for 12 months = +5, (a) Provisional. +4 +12 +9 + + + +3 +8

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·32 +1 FINISHED STEEL. % 1934-35 1935-36 change (+ or -) (1) (2) of (2) over (1) Tons (000). April 42.45 51.01 +20 May 51.25 53.11 +4 June 51.09 51.48 July 51.40 50.53 - 7 August 50.05 55.54 September 52.51 57.28 October 57.82 58.72 November 50.27 59.51 December 62.92 03.17 January 49.95 62.52 February 47,16 57.87 March 57.48 (a) 59.91 Percentage change for 12 months = + 8. (a) Provisional. + 1l +9 +2 + 18 +1 + 25 +23 PLANNED ECONOMY. It is proposed to give under this heading some idea of the economic developments in India and elsewhere with regard to some of the commodities whose cultivation or exports have recently been regulated or assisted at some stage as a result either of international agreements or of arrangements voluntarily adopted within the countries concerned. Rubber: Although the protocol to the International Agreement which gave increased quotas to India and Burma was not signed during the period under review, India and Burma were permitted to make use of the increased quotas granted after prolonged and difficult negotiations. The rising importance of the export trade in rubber will be apparent from the following figures relating to the value and the quantity of exports of rubber from India and Burma. .. To United Kingdom--Quantity Value Total-Quantity Value 1933-34. 1934-35. 1935-36. 3,338,818 lbs. 11,593,591 lbs. 10,796,169 lbs. Rs. 7,60,478 Rs. 33,61,523 Rs. 31,85,709 16,205,857 lbs, 23,756,734 lbs. 30,623,783 lbs. Rs. 31,19,023 Rs. 66,36,879 Rs. 88,68,749 ..

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·84 scientific attempts made to find suitable substitutes and changes in method of transport, e.g., bulk transport, constitute some of the serious dangers to the jute Trade and industry in India. It is lowever, satisfactory to note that the industry is aware of these dangers and has been concerned, during the year under review, in examining its present position in relation to scientific research and technical development for the future and has had under examination prohlems relating to:--- (a) Maintenance of present markets unimpaired, (b) the recovery of lost markets, if possible, and (c) the establishment of new nurkets for jute products. The Indian Jute Mills' Association, Calcutta, enlisted the services of Dr. S. G. Barker to go into the question of the scientific and technical development of jute and submit a special report on the Jute Manufacturing Industry in Bengal. It is understood that the report was submitted in 1935 and is, no doubt, being examined by the jute interests. The governments concerned, viz., the Government of Bengal and the Government of India, are also fully aware of the importance of this trade and industry. A reference may be made here to the Voluntary Restriction Scheme initiated by the Government of Bengal. Some idea of the success of the scheme can be had from the following remark taken from the Annual Report of a well-known U.K. firm of importers and distributors of fibres specialising in flax, hemp, sisal and jute: "Probably the most important feature which emerges from the past year's trading is the fact that, although not having the force of the law, Government propaganda for the restriction of sowings has been so far successful as to procure for the cultivators an average mai ket price in London of £18 10s. for the year, against £15 10s. per ton for 1934, £15 15s. for 1933, and an average of £17 5s. for the five years 1930-34.” The level of prices for jute in 1935/36 can be found by a reference to Appendix A, which shows a welcome rise in the price of jute during the year under review. According to the final official estimate of the jute crop in India issued in August, 1935, the total yield was placed at 0,397,000 bales compared with the previous year's final figure of 8,525,000 bales. The final acreage is placed at 1,947,000 against last year's final figure of 2,670,000 acres. The formation of a Central Jute Committee has been under the consideration of the Government of India for some time, and although the Government decision took place at a date beyond the period with which this report is concerned, a brief reference to it may be permitted here. The Government of India have decided to form à Central Jute Comunittee on the lines of the Indian Central Cotton Committee, to watch over the

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·36 Governments of Madras and Coorg, and of the Governments of the States of Mysore, Travidieose and forbin; olevan persons repre. senting the coffee-growing industry: threr pros acpresenting trnde interests; and one person iepimenting the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research. The Committrois funds are limited, and must thicrefore be applied with the utmost advantage. So far as Europe is concerneal, arrangements are now more or less complete for the cstablislıment of an Indian ('offre Market Expan. sion Board in London, of which the Indian 'l'raile ('onmissioner will be the Chairman, and the role 'Trade Commissioner, together with the representatives of the various trade interests concerned, will be the members. The main function of this Board will be to serve as an agent in the United Kingdom of the Indian Coffee Cess Committee and to carry out propaganda to increase the consumption of Indian cofire, and also to inake surl enquiries and investigations as may be necessary, or may be asked for by the Indian Coffee Cass Committee and to administer the funds placed at its disposal by the Committee. Steps have been taken, with the approval of the Iligh Commissioner for Indin, to give erery assistance possible, through the Publicity Branch of the Trade Department, in regard to propaganda and participation in exhibitions. By the kind permission of the Iligli Commissioner for India, the Indian Coffee Market Expansion Beard will have its office in one of the rooms at India House. INDIA AND THr. Usitro Kisapos JANKET. The following figures taken from the Trade and Vavigation Accounts of the United Kingdom, published by the Board of Trade, show the monthly value in million pounds sterling of the iniports from India, together with the monthly value of the total imports from all countries, including India, into the United Kingdom during the year under review :- Imports inin United Kingdom (£1,000,000) Total impussts Import: from Indin | Indian Percentago 2.7 09.8 64.5 57.8 01.8 59.1 608 734 71-4 744 2.5 2.9 3.0 3.5 1935 April May Juno July Aug Sopt. Oct. Nor. Dec. 1936 Jan. Feb. Marchi Total 3.72 1.33 1.09 5 OS 3.9 11:40 516 605 70-0 62-3 OS.0 3.5 3.0 7.00 5:02 6.73 7833 13:4 5:41

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·$8 CLASS II. ... Total Gunny Cloth Groundnuts Paraffin Wax Groundnut Cakes Teak Wood Goatskins (raw) Carpets and Rugs Rice Bran 1933/34. 1934/35 Rs. Rs. 57 53 67 1,70 55 47 56 90 39 62 77 40 56 74 38 65 1935/36. Rs. 89 84 82 81 76 71 60 57 ... Total for these commodities 4,45 6,01 6,00 Class III. Tobacco (unmanufactured) Linseed Cake Manganese Ore Mica Total Rice (not in the husk) Rubber (raw) Castor-seed Coffee Myrobalans Raw Hemp Shellac 1933/34. 1934/35 Rs. Rs. 47 34 26 23 25 33 24 35 43 53 8 34 33 31 30 21 29 25 8 11 1,23 1,44 1935/36. Rs. 45 40 39 38 38 32 31 30 23 17 17 Total for these commodities 3,96 4,44 3,50 It will be observed that in Class I there are only three commodities, tea, linseed and goatskins (tanned and dressed), whose exports have declined in value in 1935/36 as compared with 1933/34, and of these three commodities ouly the last two are smaller in value in 1935/36 than in the previous years. The prices of linseed and goatskins, however, have done well in 1935/36. In Class II there is smaller value of exports in 1935/36 no commodity with than in both prerious years. In Class III, only the exports of rice not in the husk, castor-seed. myrobalans aud shellac have been declining in value throughout these three years. Condia

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·with the rearmament and in the electrical industries. The improvement in the exports of raw cotton is to be ascribed, among other causes, to the efforts made by the Lancashire Indian Cotton Committee towards the increased consumption of Indian cottop in the United Kingdom cotton mills. It will be observed from the parities of Indian cotton on American, given elsewhere in this report, that prices have not been consistently favourable to the increased offtake of Indian cotton by the United Kingilom market. Jute cultivation is subject to voluntary restriction in India, and the improvement in the value of exports was due to the expectation of a shortage of raw jute resulting from the restriction scheme. The increase in the exports of Indian tobacco to the United Kingdom is due to the growing interest not being taken by manufacturers in Empire tobaccos. Empire tobaccos now meet most of the demand arising from pipe mixtures, but the introduction of Empire tobacco into cigarette manufacture would open up an enormous field in which India should be able to participate with profit. The welcome improvement in the exports of paraffin was is a sign that the exports of this commodity are attempting to regain the position they had attained in the pre-depression period. The following figures will illustrate the expansion of the exports of paraffin wax during those years :- 1927/28. 1928/29. 1929/30 15,133 tons 12,390 tons 22,489 tons Rs. 69,01,030 Rs. 57,25,981 Rs. 1,12,40,370 can 28 Among the oil-seeds, groundnuts had another satisfactory year, especially in the matter of the improved prices. Some idea of the rise in prices be gathered from the fact that although the imports of groundnuts into the United Kingdom declined in quantity in 1935/36, compared with 1933/34, the value of the exports is considerably in advance of that in 1933/34. In spite of some fluctuations, the year 1935/36 has been a very satisfactory one for the oil-seeds, oils and fats markets. Some of the reasons for this improvement are: (1) The quick disposal of supplies of whale oil, the whole of the 1935/36 supply and carry-over having been passed on to consumers. (2) The reduced production of lard and cotton-seed oil in the United States of America. The small cotton crops in 1934/35 reduced the output of cotton-seed oil. (3) The revival of industrial activity resulting in an increased! consumption of rac materials, including oils, in most countries, ·INDIA 1 11

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·42 Tho hides and skins trade had a good year in 1935/36. Rau goatyking, tanned cowbides and fannel und dies ed sheepskins have all done well in 1935/36 as compared with 1933/34 and 1934/35. The total cxport demand for Indian hides and skins would have improved still further but for the restrictions in Germany. France and the United Kingdom proved to be good buyers on the whole, but the demand from the U.S.A. was comparatively poor Even the reptile shinu znathet, which has been in a depressed condition for some penis past, showed an improrement, and a much grenter voluine of busines, hau been reported. Uno curious feature of the reptile shin trade is that the season of consumption comniences when supplies are menice. For example, the demand for python shins is for the spring and carly suinmer trades, rith the result that supplies have to be bought in December and January, but the bulk supplies are not procurable ull Blaich. Again, American demand for Calcutta lizards is for the summer trade, but it is only after tho monsoon has broken that the collecting work starts. The demand for crocodile skins arises in the six months from September to February, but the raw supplies 110 plentiful only from Jarch to July. The Nigerian supplies of reptiles have become serious competitors since 1930 of the Calcutta trade. Due to the full in the value of groundnuts and other local products, the collection of reptile skius is becoming relatively more remunerative in Nigeria, although it has to be noted that the preparation of skins of African origin still leaves a great deal to be desired. Another feature of tho 1935 trade in reptile skins ras that although Italy, and to some extent France, were out of the market for reptile skine, several other countries, such as Spain and Portugal have been interested. The prospects of good trade in 1936 therefore appear to be encouraging. Appendix A gives the range of prices of the imports of staple Indian commodities in the United Kingdom within the last three fiscal years. It will be observed that except for groundnut cake, shellac, tin and chromite, the prices in 1935/36 of all commodities have shorn a most welcome advance. Even in the case of groundnut cake, it las to be noted that the best price is well in advance of the lowest prices in 1933/34 and 1934/35. Similarly, m the case of tin, the lerel of puces in 1935/36 has been bigher than in 1933/34, and as compared with 1934/35 it is only the lower limit that has liopped slightly In the case of copper, although the level of prices in 1935/36 is lugher than that for 1934/35 it is well below the level attained in 1933/34 and the same iemarhs apply to zinc prices. A reference may conveniently be made here to the decision taken by the Legislative Assembly in India regarding the Ottawa agreement. On the 30th March, 1930, the Ludian Legislative

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·accessibility of the central portions of cities and the provincial towns as a result of the improved transport, the changes in the character of the population, combined with a gradual rise in the standard of living, have all helped the chain stores to expand rapidly. As already stated, the stores are able to obtain special prices from manufacturers, are in a position to cheapen many lines by slight changes in sizes and specification, and are able to clear surpluses by special sales, bargain basements or transfer to other branches in far-off districts. By such means they are always able to offer something new and tempting. The growth of the departmental and chain stores cannot but be of interest to India as a primary producer and supplier of raw material and foodstuffs, * Chapter II.--Agricultural Products---Foodstuffs. Some of the Indian foodstuffs, like chutneys, pickles, jams, poppadums, and Bombay duck have already made a place for themselves in the United Kingdom market. Most of the wellknown stores now make a feature of Empire foodstuffs in their annual shows. Harrods, Whiteleys, Selfridges, to mention only three of the well-known stores, displayed Empire foodstuffs at their special shows which attracted considerable attention, The Department gives all possible assistance and advice to stores and private firms wanting to advertise Indian foodstuffs along with other Empire foodstuffs. Although numerous enquiries are still received about these well-known Indian food products, no reference has been made to them in this chapter. Only enquiries expressing an interest in new products or from new quarters are referred to here. CASHEI NUTS. A Glasgow firm and two firnis in London were given the names of exporters in India of cashew nuts. A London enquirer wishing to purchase a quantity of cashew nuts for sale on the Australian market was given the names of several exporters in India. The interest in cashew nuts in this country has not, however, yet reached the level attained in the United States of America. The increase in the imports of cashew nuts into that country can be best illustrated hy stating that in 1931 they amounted to 10,262,916 Ibs., whereas during the year 1935, according to an * Chapter written by Mr. Y. N. Sukthankar, I.C.S., Deputy Trade Commissioner,

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·46 a request was received from the Director of Navy Contracts, London, for the names and addresses of a few firms in this country who might be asked to submit samples of tobacco for consideration by the Admiralty, and these were supplied. At the request of a firm of tobacco manufacturers in London, arrangements were made to supply representative samples of tobacco leaf grown in Bihar. Samples of leaf grown in Baroda were received from the Director- General of Commercial Intelligence and forwarded to the same firm. PUFFED RICE. An enquiry was received from the Director-General of Commercial Intelligence for the names of reliable quaker oats dealers in the United States of America and Canada likely to push the sales of Indian puffed rice. Samples were invited in order to test the market. MANGOSTEENS. Arrangements were made as in previous years for the examination of an experimental consignment of mangosteens forwarded by the Director of Agriculture, Burma. An examination of the fruit was carried out at the Low Temperature Station, Cambridge, and a report furnished. The report remarked that the condition of the fruit on arrival in this country was considered to be good, but within a few days the samples deteriorated in the warehouse. The consignment was free from wastage on arrival, this being an improvement on the results in 1934. Suggestions were made in regard to the treatment of the fruit before shipment. ORANGES. Reports were sent to the Assistant-Director of Agriculture, North West Frontier Province on several consignments of bitter oranges regarding the condition and colour of the oranges on arrival and other relevant points. The last consignment of oranges was favourably reported upon by the importers as to condition and colour. The same officer was supplied with reports on different varieties of walnuts received from him. During the year steps were taken to interest new importers in Indian commodities, and accordingly letters were addressed to 150 firms who were known to be dealing in commodities that could be supplied by India. Replies were received from nearly half the number of firms, and as a result of the correspondence 51 new firms expressed an interest. These firms were given all the information required. Their names have now been included on our cards of reference, and it is hoped that permanent contact has been made with them. The commodities cover a wide field, including the foodstuffs with which this chapter is concerned and industrial materials, which form the subject matter of the nest,

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·48 porters of cotton waste, burlap cuttings, etc., who was unable to obtam the whole of his requirements through one exporter The names of suitable firms in India weic commumicated to the enquiei Names of exporters were also furnished in response to a similar enquny from the London Chamber of Commerce. FERTILIZERS. The names of exporters of dried fish fertilizers were given to an enquuer who wished to obtain samples, prices, etc., with a vien to placing a contiact foi the year 1936 FIBRES. An enquny was recened from a fim m the U.S.A. who wished to be put in touch with suppliers of certain kinds of fibres and bamboo use in the manufacture of brooms. The enquiry was ieferied to the Duector-General of Commercial Intelligence with samples of the commodities iequired HAIR. A request was ieceived from the Director-General of Commercial Intelligence for the names of firms in the United Kingdom interested in camel hair This enquiry was circulated and the names of five firms who expressed an interest were supplied. HIDCS AND SKINS An enquiry was cuculated on behalf of a firm in Madras who wished to get into touch with firms in this country interested in the import of dıy goatskins. The names of two firms were furnished in response to this enquiry. The names of Indian shippers were given to a firm of importers in London. An enqury was received from a firm in New York who had previously transacted business through London houses but now wished to establish duect communication The names of suitable exporters u India were fuinished. LEATHER. The names of chiome leather manufacturers in India and the names of importers in the United Kingdom of leather were given in iesponse to an enquiry from a Leicestei firm An enquier from the USA was furnished with the names of exporters in India of upper leithei, tanned cow, buffalo and calf bides, and goat and sheepskins.

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·60 Dr. Kaim has continued his fundamental work on the isolation of the chief groups of constituents of lac, working on authentic locs of known history and origin. The work is laborious and juvolved much detailed analysis, consequently, in December, 1935, Dr. Karim was given an assistant (Miss D. Cook) in order to cope with this diſhculty. In addition, considerable progress was made in the very difficult technique of preparing suitable films of lac foi electrical testing, a matter which is also receiving close attention in America. Drs. Teiman and Bhattacharya, either singly or in collaboration, continued the study of the behaviour and properties of commercial pure (hard) lac iesin and its industrial application. Promising fields of application to be investigated are as electrical insulation varnish, enamelling copper wire, impregnating cottoncovered wne, mouldings for electrical and general purposes, lac bonded insulating board, and so forth, Dr. Bhattacliaiya continued his work on the chemical constitution of lac, and as the result of a visit to Berlin in December, 1935, this field of research has been satisfactorily apportioned to Di. Weiner Xagel (in Germany), Profes-or Wm. İlowlett Gardner (in U.S.A ), and Dr. Bhattacharja (in the United Kingdom). Enqunies from the trade in regard to the use of lac and lac processing increased from 45 to 59 in the year. These enquiries are important and with the proposed increased staff will be dealt with more speedily and satisfactorily. Abstracts of literature and patents beaning ou shellac were prepared and published as usual, bringing this work up-to-date as far as December 31st, 1935 Steps have been taken to secure the co-operation of Ranchi and New York in this work, in order to make it as complete as possible, for the lac consuming industries highly appreciate this labour-saving technical service. CO-ORDINATED WORL OF THE LOvpoy SHELLAC RESEARCH BUNEAU WITH THE INDIAN LAC RESEARCH INSTITUTL AND THE NEW YORK SHELLAC RESEARCH BUREAU. Close co-opeiation and co-ordination was maintained by col- 1espondence and exchange of information and lepoits. The difficulties of the situation were fully dealt with in the 1934-35 report and need not be repeated. It wll suffice to say that periodical visits and meetings of the executives or of the superior staff of the three iesearch centies seem emmently desirable in ordei to get the maximum results from the mternational organisation set up

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·02 The exports of pig iron from India increased and amounted to 538.000 tons in the under trieu. Japan took 7. of the total om inlig fat the forest customer. 'Ilir raport to the United Kinguin uero 67,76,3 ton (12.) and how a drop of 23,000 tons on lle figure of the prosous ym. The improvement in the electrical trides throughout the world was most marked, and in a sent the pyports of mira from India reached the phond hgh total of 100,619 wte. The exports of aplittings," thic intorno for Ihr manufncture of In ante, 111111.ml Pig (11,100 nits The United States of Imewas the last parhast and tool. 53, of the total, the Until kilom ?, and fiert !... In the case of the Unted lingilom there a good deal of t...port. 1 The soiline nof the lin restriction scheme, to which India is not an adherent. lin locale Soto bed s2th great interest and has 2100cd much comment in the middle of 1933 there ras an acute sarcits of rond (on and chip bir huardation reached the Hugh ficture of 12 'I hon po itinut loan in nome extent been cared by a gradual 11 in quinta, hirh not stands at 87% of the standard tonnage loved to the member-country by the International Format liveni 110,11 stocks are almost dangerously low, and thos in the United Kingdom are negligible. This position loa lurred aliment from the difficultie- esperienced by the Bolivian plurean That country has not been able to work up to the report punto inalien under the control scheme. . The phone is due fou unewal it the end of this year and the outcome is illadolid nithe inition The Belgian ('ongo, having a large potential output, a pruung for a greatly increased standard Caroit. Siam, hurler by lapillo meo fumma in interests, is insi-ting on an sucrease in hranandandi raport from 9,800 to 20,000 tons. The sercut political changes and the desalwarion of the rurrency in Boluun will not make the position anı radici. There is a little doubt that, in general, compulsory restruction sheni's lungs about conditions necessitating continued restrictins, and in the rate of tin, the apanation of restriction at present would lead to ammestucted competition, over-production ind a serious fall in purren ('on-umption is not yet equal to the potential output. The attempt of the United State Government to inice the price of Silves to high level by means of the Silver Purchase Act seems to have failed in all its spect. It Bould also appear to have nanowed the use of ylser om a monetary medium as distinct from a commodity and to have driven China to a managed papei ситеnсу.

·بے ! ۱۰ ، ۲۷۷۰۱۱ ۲۶ مه ۱۲: از ۹ ۱۰ ۱۱:۰۱ ۱۱۰ ۱۰۹ به ۴ ده هي 14:15 ,14 ه « .: 151' ,, ۴۱۱۰ ۰ ۱، 4 ۰ ۲۴۰۱۱۹۰ ۱۹۴۱ ۱۱۹۹ ۱۲۰ ماده ۱۰۹۹۰۹۰ - ۹۰۰+ ۱.۰ ۱۰ ۹۶ جی ۱۹۱ و ن-۱۰ ۰۰ : ۰ ۱۱۹۰ء -۶۲ ۲۰۱۱۰۰۰.۱ ،۶۰۰ ۹۰۰۰+ ۹۶ و » | - ! ۹۷ ۲ه ! :: وام ۲۰۰ ۲۰۱۰ ۱۰ ۱۰۱ - ۴۰ ۲۰۰۰۰ ۲۳۰ ۰ و رها * * مه حملي مه اه + * { * 1 ۰ ۴۴ ·64 Enquiries from India for names of importing merchants abroad Samples received for commercial valuation Requests for analyses of Indian minerals ... Enquiries for statistics Miscellaneous enquiries (mining and prospecting leases, tariffs, general mining questions, etc.) ... 44 10 12 18 21 PUBLICITY. A general article on Indian Gem-stones was contributed to the “ Asiatic Revier." Information of a technical character was widely distributed to the Press. COMMITTEES. The Minerals Adviser attended two meetings of the Advisory Council on Minerals at the Imperial Institute, and three meetings of Technical sub-committees. In future the Advisory Council will meet three times yearly and each of the Technical sub-committees at least once. The number of the latter has been reduced from fourteen to seren, and the Minerals Adviser is Chairman of the Miscellaneous Minerals Committee. Details of the others will be found in Appendix C. IMPERIAL INSTITUTE. An arrangement has been made with the Imperial Institute whereby enquiries relating purely to Indian minerals received at the Institute are transferred to the Minerals Adviser for disposal. The latter has again pleasure in expressing his thanks to the Mineral Resources Department of the Institute for help most fieely given. s. d. S. d. PRICES, 1935/36. Highest. Lowest. € Tin 245 0 0 202 16 3 Lead* 19 10 0 11 6 3 Copper* 36 13 11 28 15 0 Zinc 17 6 3 12 0 0 Mn. Ore (480-50°) 0 1 0 0 0 11 Wolfram (65%) 1 17 3 1 10 3 Chromite (48%) 4 1 3 3 15 0 * London Metal Exchange Prices, per unit per unit per ton ·INDUSTRIES (1551

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·06 (Foodstuffs); and (4) General Merchandise Section. The total area of our stands in these sections was 2,986 square feet, being 186 square feet more than the space orcupied in the previous year. Eshibits were received from fifty-three firms, as against fifty last year. Separate stalls were allotted to the Publicity Burcau of the Indian Railways, the Bihar and Orissa Cottage Industries Depôt and the Victoria Technical Institute, Madias Also some Burma teak shippers joined up in a group and neie allotted a stand for Burma teak and such inanufactures thereof as garden chairs and benches, doors, panels, etc. Of the fifty-tlivec exhibitors, twelve exhibited for the first time. The exhibits consisted of: (1) (arpets and iugs. (2) Coir mats and matting. (3) Sports goods. (4) Foodstuffs and cigars and cigarettes. (5) Handmade cotton and silk fabrics. (6) Uits and ciafts and lace. (7) Furs. (8) Leather goods. (9) Eides, skins and leather. (10) Jute webbing. (11) Teak. (12) Essential oils. (13) Vegetable soap. (14) Rosin and turpentine. (15) French chalk. In all, 441 trade enquiries were receivel, as against 347 last pearman increase of 26%-as under: Sports goods 110 Leathers and skins 44 Leather goods 18 Turs 68 Carpets and rugs 75 Coir mats and matting 73 Miscellaneous 7 French chalk 4 Magnesite 2 Brassware 2 Woodwork 5 Essential oils Canned fruit and condiments 6 Spices 4 Jute webbing 9 Cashew nuts 8 Rice 2 ... .. ... .. ... ... ... ... .. ... ... ... ... .. ...

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·68 Altogether, 143 orders were receiver, of which thirty-four yere from net customers—iventy new connections were thus establislied for brasswarc (including one from Canada, one froin Lithuania and one froin Switzerland), seven for lace (including one from France and one from Lithuania) and seven for woodwork. The advantage of displaying the exhibits in the appropriate sections was again clearly shown by the fact that substantial orders were booked for coir mats and mattings which were shown ou a separate stall in the appropriate section. Last year only a few samples were shown along with carpets, and as a result thes did not attract sufficient attention. There was also a 300% increase in the amount of orders for sports goods. More business was likewise done for Madras lace work, whilst the carpets stall also showed a substantial increase of business. In the fur section, too, orders were booked to the value of Rs. 2,000 where none were booked last year. Brassware and woodwork alone showed a decline, which was due probably to two causes--a general decline in the trade in Oriental fancy gools and to the fact that, with the establishment of contacts at previous exhibitions, the buyers thus introduced are not getting their normal requirements direct from the firms. The net connections for brassware, however, made at this Fair, numbered twenty, as stated above. SALE OF SABIPLES. In the Empire Section, samples of condiments, tinned fruit, rice, ten, cashew nuts and cigars were sold as usual, and a sum of £165 was realised, as against £112 last year. Indian cigars and cheroots were given a better display this year, and as a result samples of cigars to the value of £82 were sold in addition to sample orders of £50. The sales are as detailed below: No. of Value. Commodity. Samples.. £ s. d. Chutneys, sauces and pickles 809 23 0 0 Curry powder and spices 586 13 0 0 Rice 300 5 00 Tea 1,104 16 00 Coffee 13 0 10 0 Poppadums 26 0 10 0 Bombay (luck 6 0 10 0 Cashew nuts 2,064 15 00 Tinned fruit 11 1 10 0 Cigars 4,617 82 00 Cigarettes 1,530 4 0 0 Soaps 238 4 0 0 11,364 £165 0 0

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·70 afforded a good opportunity to advertise rertain Indinn products in this district. The exhibits, which were supplied by eighteen firms, represented foodstuffs, arts and crafts, sports goods, soaps, cigars and rugs. Samples of the exhibits on view were sold to the value of £44 and about fifty retail enquiries were received which were referred to the wholesale stockists of the Indian goods exhibited. The cost amounted to £95. GENERAL REMARKS. The total number of exhibitions undertaken during the year under report was fourteen, as against sisteen last year. The decrease of two was mainly due to the fact that some exhibitions took place simultaneously, particularly during the winter months, and we had to turn down certain shows because, with the limited staff at our disposal, we cannot participate in more than one exhibition at a time. The fourteen exhibitions were as follows:- (1) Liverpool National Food and Beverage Exhibition: 30th April to 11th May, 1935. (2) Bournemouth Shop Display: 25th May to 8th June, 1935. (3) Aldershot Empire Show: 3rd to 6th July, 1935. (4) Hull Shop Display: 20th July to 3rd August, 1935. 15) Canadian National Exhibition, Toronto: 23rd August to 7th September, 1935. (6) International Grocers' Exhibition, London: 21st to 27th September, 1935. (7) Norwich Grocers' Exhibition : 2nd to 12th October, 1935. (8) Imperial Fruit Show and Canners' Exhibition, Cardiff : 25th October to 2nd November, 1935. (9) Ideal Homes and Food Exhibition, Edinburgh: 31st October to 14th November, 1935. (10) Romford Shop Display: 26th November to 24th December, 1935. (11) Grocers, Bakers, Confectioners and Allied Trades Exhibition, Sheffield: 21st to 30th January, 1936. (12) British Industries Fair, London : 17th to 28th February, 1936. (13) South London Exhibition, ('rystal Palace: 6th to 16th March, 1936. (14) Scottish Grocers, Bakers, Confectioners and Allied Trades Exhibition, Glasgow: 18th to 28th March, 1936. The cost of these exhibitions amounted to £3,418. Of this amount, 50% was spent on the rent of space and erection of the stands, the balance being absorbed by other expenses, such as staffing, supervision, freight, advertising, etc. Orer a third of the total expenditure was incurred in participation at the British Industries Fair, which was the most extensive of all the exhibitions

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·72 mangoes, but priropu will have to be lou cred if an incieased turnmer is looked for. Other sales were: 3,661 samples of curry posrder, value $87: 1,242 samples of rice, value £15; 142 samples of poppaduins, value L.); 64 samples of Bombay durk, value £4; 1,800 cigaretlen, value £); 113 samples of spices, value £8; 276 samples of coffee, value £10; 161 samples of beans and lentile, valuo £2. In addition to the samples of foodstulls, exhibits of aitware, carpets, lace and leather goods, etc., were also sold to the trade, realising about £660, of which £305 was scalised at the British Industries Fair, £160 at the Toronto Exhibition, and the halance at other exhibitions in the United Kingdom. The total sales effected during the year of food products and other exhibits amounted to £1,435, as against £1,380 last year. Ordens. The Toronto Exhibition and the British Industries Fair mere again the only two exhibitions at thich there were regular facilities for booking orders from the trade. The total value of the orders booked during the year came to £3,450 (£70 af Toronto and the rest at the B.İ.F.), compared with a total of £2,900 for the previous year. From the figures given below for the last five years, it will be noted that more and more business is being actually booked at the exhibitions by this department:- Approximate percentage of increase over each preceding year. 19:32 1933 1934 1935 1936 Value of Oiders, £365 £717 £1,200 £2,900 £3,450 100% 66% 142% 19% The causes, apart from departmental efforts, which contributed to the inciease in the number and value of orders as stated above, are : (1) Better exhibits received from the exhibitors with a larger variety and range iu designs, etc. (2) Participation in the appropriate sections of the British Industiies Faij on a larger scale, and (3) Better discounts and terms offered by the manutacturers.

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·74 DNQUINIES. The focal plumber of trade enquiries received and clealt with at exhibitions during the year under 1eview was 831, nearly the same as last year (820). Of these, the B.I.F. yielded aboui half the number (441), Toronto 78, International Grocers 57, Rouine. mouth 56, Imperial Fruit Show 45, llull 45. Edinburgh 25, Glasgow 15. Of these enquiries, about 10% were from Canada, about 13", from the Continent and 77. fiom the United Kingdom. The fall in the percentage of enquiries from the Continent was mainly due to the fact that we did not participate in the Vilan Fair this year, this Fair having gone over to the jurisdiction of the Trade ('ommissioner at Milan. Foodstuffs enquiries accounted for 37'.. of the total. Amongst the enquiries for other article thie largest number was for sports goods, leathers and skins, leather goods, carpets, voir mats, furs and skins. (13SI.RVATIONS ON Sour Or TIL EXHIBITS. Rre: Though Patna ucelia- always been shown at our exhibutions along with the Burma iire, the latter still commands greater populanty on account of its bolil grain and cheapness. In this country. rice of the bold grain type seems to be the most popular, and this is evidenced loy the fact that the Australian rice, mentioned in the last year's report, seems to be steadily gaining ground It is quoted at approximately 173. per crt., as compared with Patna at 22s. to 233. per crt. The import of Patna rice howed a small deciease during the year, whereas Australia 1ree mports have increased. India must concentrate on the better types of rice if it is going to meet the competition from Austialian rice and also displace the american and the Spanish high-grade rarieties. a fer Coffee: Exlubits of Indian coffee were received on occasions only, and the general comment of the trade was that Indian coffee by itself did not yield a good liquor. There seems to be a great deal of prejudice, riglitly or wrongly, against "straight Indian coffee, which has to be conquered before Indian coltee ran be made popular. This involves considerable adsertising and extensive demonstrations, which, it is hoped, will now be possible is a nesult of the activities of the proposed Indian Coffee Daiheting Expansion Board. Chutneys and Condiments: The demand for chutneys is incieasing steadily, and there is a growing tendency in the trade to go in for direct import in bulk and then bottle the chutney here under their own names. Prices lnve remained fairly steady. The speet sliced mango variety still iemains the most popular.

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·76 1 though, generally speaking, Indian brasstrare of all kinds is not in fashion at present, particularly in the larger towns. There is still a market for them in the provincial towns. In colours, the bright red and bright green do not seem to be attracting as many orders as the quiet and refined shades of blue, green, and rose, or purple and gold combined. It would also be useful if something could be done to prevent the brass going dull in the damp climate of this country. In this connection the possibility of treating it with a final touch of lacquer polish may be suggested. In woodwork, the inlaid work has been found to be a better seller than the plain carved work of Saharanpur. Also, the demand is more for tables, teapoys and cakestands than for screens and smaller articles, such as boxes, book-ends, photo frames, etc. Articles with a medium varnish are preferred. The totally unvarnished type and the too highly polished type are both equally unpopular. Papiermaché work has a small seasonal trade, but the lacquered wood ware has completely dropped out. There should be a good market for cheap and attractive articles of jewellery. Carpets and Rugs: There has been a steady demand for the medium qualities, and the sale for Indians has been better than Turkeys, Persians, Spartas, Smyrnas, etc. Prices have recently gone up by about 8% for the Indians and correspondingly there has been a 10% increase in prices of English carpets. The best sellers in the Indian line are the varieties that sell wholesale at about 7s. 6d. per yard--mostly Cawnpores and Malabars. The more expensive Mirzapores and Agras and the Amritsars have a limited demand. The Malabar strips (12ft. by 3ft.) are steadily gaining popularity, while the Ellore strips and Deccans, which were in demand last year, have gone out in spite of reduced prices. With regard to designs and colours, the tendency has lately been noticed to copy the ultra-modern designs. Such designs do not find favour on this market, the orthodox Indian designs and colours being still popular. Coir Mats and latting: A wide range of samples was received this year. Unlike the carpets, modern designs are found to be popular in this class of merchandise. This is particularly noticeable in the stencilled and clipped varieties. The coco-matting rugs of the reversible type are much preferred by the trade to the old type of fancy matting. . Leather goods : Exhibits of handbags, dressing cases, suit cases, belts, wallets, etc., of crocodile and pigskin, have been shown at our exhibitions for the last two or three years. So far, it has been found possible to secure connections with a high-class departmental store in London and another in Toronto. these goods has been well commented upon by the trade, but while The workmanship of

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·78 to represent the Government of India on the International Tea Committee. The work of these Committees involves the framing of proposals for the consideration of the Governments concerned. who, in their turn, are anxious to remain in close touch with the working of the schemes. The Government of India therefore desired that they should be represented on the International Tea Committee. Care is taken to see that due regard is paid to Indian interests in the consideration of world problems by these International Comunittees. The increase of the rubber export quota allotted to India and Burma, details of which will be found in last year's report, might be quoted as a case in point. It was only after prolonged and difficult negotiations that the other member-countries to the International Rubber Regulation Agreement could be persuaded to agree to the grant of increased quotas to India and Burma. Some of the Empire Committees devote their labours to the technical aspects of the particular commodities in which they are interested, and give their consideration to the results of the latest research with a view to improving the qualities of the commodities concerned. Membership of such Committees serves the useful purpose of enabling the Indian Trade Commissioner to keep the authorities in India advised of recent technical changes which may enable India to improve the standards of her commodities and to grade them properly in order to meet the requirements of consumers who at present purchase similar goods from other sources. It also puts India in possession of the latest developments and enables her to export goods which, but for these new methods, could not be exported at all; in particular as regards the export of goods of a perishable nature which otherwise could only be consumed locally. Other Committees confine their activities to the trade aspects of the Empire problems only, and are anxious to see that the Empire commodities receive their full share in the import trade into the United Kingdom. The work on some others, such as the Tobacco Sub-Committee of the Imperial Economic Committee, involves an examination of evidence both oral and documentary. The work of this Committee has lasted throughout the year, and its report, when it is ready for despatch to the various Empire Governments, after having received the approval of the main Committee, will be awaited with very great interest. The various sub-committees of the Imperial Institute, the Food Investigation Board, and the Committees attended by the Timber and Minerals Advisers and the Special Officer Lac Enquiry, deal with technical aspects of trade. Thus the Committee of the Imperial Institute on Timbers was concerned during the year with the report on grading rules and standard sizes for Empire hardwoods. The matters dealt with have a close bearing on timbers from India as well as from other Empire countries. At the instance of the Committee, the London County Council examined a further series of Empire hardwoods in regard to their resistance to fire with a vier to their being

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·80 genoral clerical work which follows upon the intercont stimulated by the publicity measures. The closimal stall on Die trade sille non includes one permanent Estrutive Ofuro iind four permanent clerical oflicies. Is it result of the increase in the number of permanent clerical offices from thior to four, the number of temporary clerical offices has been reduced from two to one. The Trade Department Hale being a part of the general cadre of India House, social changes took place during the year, and the staff now lins 2018 permanent offiress than before. Appendix D) gives the constitution of the staff, and Appendix E osplains the duties allotted to the various menebes thereof. Some idea of the volume of work on the frala sile pan le hind from the fact that during the year 1935/36 8,1-2 letters were received and 12,628 letters weic issures It ham to lie noted that these numbers do not include the rouespondence irreived and issued by the Timber Adriner and the lineals .liloines, who deal with their correspondence direct. The number of telephone calls, interviews and visitors calling for information on il number of matters too varied to be given in detail, lins increased considerably. The following ndilitions were made to the Exhibition Hall during the year under review:- Donor. Gilt. Government of Inula: Indian Posts and Telegraphs Department, New Delhi ... I complete set of JubileeStamps. Gorernment of the Vorth-West Frontier Province Gandhara Sculptures. Calcutta: P X. Dutt Chowdhury, Esq. (i) Kashmir Coat and Cap. (ii) Jaipur Turban. London: Miss E. J. Boulton ... Furniture marle of Bombay Blackwood. Impenal Institute (i) Carved Marble Figure of the “Trimurti." (ii) Silver Bowl from Cutch. (iii) Silver Filigree from Orissa. (iv) Copper Tray from Kashmir. Mrs. E. F. Saulers ... Brass Jaipur Table. T. J. Spooner, Esq.... Enlarged Photograph of the Taj Malal, ... Thiee new dioramas illustrating a ('offee Estate, Cotton Harvesting, and Carpet Making were maile, and are now on display at India House.

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·APPENDIX 1.. RANGE OF PRICES OF STAPLE INDIAN COMMODITIES IN THE UNITED KINGDOM DURING THE LAST THREE YEARS. 1933-31. 1934-35. 1935-36. Commorlity. Unit. Highest. Lowost. Dillercnco. Highest. Lowont. Difiorance. Highest. Lonest. Differenco. - .. 7/2 5/9 1/5 8/7; 6/7! 3/0 9/0 7/3 1/9 ... ... : 5/5/- ... 1. Ricc shillinga por cut. 2. Juto £ per ton 3. Castorced 4 Lineccii 5. Groundnuts... 0. Groundnut cako 7, Tca northorn average skillinge 8. Fino M.G. broach penco cotton 9. Shellac shilings 19/7/0 11/7/0 12/13/9 12/3/9 0/13/9 1/5.65 11/2/8 9/3/9 9/2/6 7/17/0 5/12/6 -/8:98 2/3/9 3/11/3 1/0/3 1/1/3 -/8.67 18/1/3 13/7/8 12/17/6 16/10/3 7/7/8 1/2:21 1.4/0/0 4/1/3 3/6/0 11/20/0 10/10/0! 2/7/8 7/10/3 8/0/0 5/6/0 2/270 -/11.10 -/3:11 20/17/8 1.1/0/3 13/7/0 16/2/6 7/0/0 1/5:52 16/0/0 11/7/6 11/1/3 12/17/6 0/3/9 /17/0 2/18/9 2/6/3 3/5/0 16/3 --/6:52 -/11 88 por lb 5.76 4.03 1.73 8.10 4:57 1.02 018 5:19 1.29 por lb. 104/- 50/- 54/- 120/- 50/- 70/- 72/6 +5/- por lb. 27/6 10. Tin £ per ton 11, Load 12. Copper 13, Zinc ... 14. Manganese Ore (48-60%) per unit 16. Wolfram (65°/) per unit 16. Chromito (bagis 48%) 239 13 37/19/0 18/11/3 10 d. 151 10 30/12/6 14/6/3 9a. 88 3 7/0/6 415/0 ld, 243 12 33/0/0 15/0/0 11jd. 2/7/0 208 10 26/0/0 10/0/0 10 d. 35 2 810,0 5/0/0 1/d. .. 245 19-10/0 36/13/0 17/6/0 1/0 1/17/3 4/0/0 203 11/6/0 28/15/0 12/0/0 ild. 8/4/0 7/18/0 5/6/0 1d. 1/17/- 10/3 7/0 1/6/9 5/- 1/10/0 4/13/0 11/0 4/6 1/10/3 3/16/0 4/2/6 3/17/6 4/17/6 5/0 per ton

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·84 APPENDIX B-continued. First Quartor of Commodity. Unit. From. 1934 1936 1936 Castoraced '000 tons India 8.0 8.7 2.9 .. TOTAL 10.1 10.9 5.0 ... Lingeed Cake and '000 tons Neal India... U.S.A. 7.8 3.0 10.4 1.4 18.6 2.3 Total ... 16.9 16.6 23,3 Jutc, raw... '000 tons India 77.2 68.0 78.2 TOTAL ... 77.2 68.2 78.2 ... ... Cotton, raw under '000 Centals India 17 inch and over of 100 lbs U.S.A. 3 inch Egypt 214.7 1715.2 350.7 223.7 1198.3 235.0 312.4 1695.0 230.1 ... TOTAL 2671.9 2111.6 2638.6 174.9 Cotton, raw of f'000 Centals India inch and under of 100 lbs. 220.4 336.0 TOTAL 199.2 241.9 384.3 '000 lbs. Wool other than Merino and Crossbred India Other British Countries Argentino Other Foreign Countries 16.2 .9 10.4 3.5 6.9 1.6 7.2 1.4 7.6 2.8 8.9 3.2 - Тота 39.2 19.0 25.9 Coir Yarns '000 cwts. India 29.4 41.0 37.3 ... TOTAL 34.8 48.5 42.4 Coir mats and matting '000 sq. yde.' India 1928.2 2174.1 2395.6 ... .. TOTAL 1983.1 2188.1 2407.5 Jute Piece-goods... | '000 sq. yds. , India ... 34.1 ... 20.9 17.1 TOTAL ... 20.9 17.1 34.3 Jute Sacks & Bags | '000 cwts. India 175.6 179.7 236.1 ... .. TOTAL 184.1 ... 183.1 244.9 Carpets '000 sq. yds ... ... .. ... ... India Russia Belgium Turkey Persia 407.9 69.7 389.6 5.4 122.6 442.8 8.5 327.8 6.7 87.8 399.6 17.0 436.0 3.6 131.4 ... ... TOTAL 1131.6 998.0 1109.) ...

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·86 APPENDIX C. OMICING OI TUT: 'Irpr DririTHI'NT OL Tur 11101 ComuSHIONTK 101 JADI 5X113180, Os Isrl'llar: 1:0 T:10: CollTI.IS IN THK U: ITED lisanos, VARCII, 1936 The fint loco not incluir the funnitte* shich arr onlanrily attended by tho High l'unimio jonra pronally. 1 Vain Bols Committoor Sub committe. Bepreventatie for India. Capacity. 1), B. ... Substituts for H.C. Impol Promene mnic ('ommittan lalo Sul Cons. . + 1. .. 1 . O 111111* ! l'rorlar 1. J. Gibeon Vominalel bis 11.C. Imperini S 1), 13, Substituto for lI.C. puikt ommitre Boini oflrum ... Disnry Council Xominntel by India Orbier. Dopnotizient Widerwory Iner! Perronal, on invita. Oscoreng Trile tion of Parliamen. torr Under Secre. tary. Imperial Inreinte Gioverra los Sulat:tutc for H.C. dd ('ouncil on Nominated by U.C. Pino: and Animal Prelucts son spy Council on ( 11. Tipper Substitute for S.T.C. Yinerala Irina Hipon. Illos Vominated by I.C. Ul. I'r trolium 13. letul I'm 1111, Vin Chicncil Industries Nicellaneous Munerala Ilire and Sling Com Y... Sukthanhar Substitute for 1.T.C. mitter Veartalile Hibros Corp. ... mittee Vereinbic (ils and Oilamarle Committee Silk Committee 'Timbers Committen sır11.18...Vatson Sonunted by H.C. 'Tonning Alateral 1. J, Gibeon Committes Es-ential Oils and Reans Empiro Cotton Board of Trustees D.B Neck Nominated by India Gros mg Corp. Office orntion. Administratisc Council Nominated by Gort. of India Lxccutiso Comunitere Nominated by India Oflice . .. . 1 . . + 3 0 1 ... . . 91 . + 1)

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·APPENDIX D.
Indian Tinc l'omonrr.
-
Deputy Trailo
Coinmimionnr.
Timber
dilrirr.
llinnas
biriy,
Spreial (dicos
Shollss Enquiry.
1
AS
1
Ono Higher Executive Officer,
One trentino Oficrr.
1
Indian Trade Publicity
Officer
Four Permanent Clerical Omicrra.
Orin Permanent llibre
Clcricul Onicer.
Tro Tempurney Clericii
Oilicon.
One Temporary Clcrical Officer.
Ono Shorthand Typist Clerk.

·重生 中学生 重量 + 香 非 1 本書 作者 作用,事實。 。 |||t鲁降解 4 - 南百香 書中 角 - 一 是非 事 看 - * 重量 上大 事。 華 布 种 青部 作者 一直 。 第一 最重 - -- - 重量 -- 事 非會 - 青 - 本 青 , 单排 作者 等等等 理事 事 当 -- 市中 --- 事 一个中 十一 中国- - 高 一年 - 中 一件 1- 「和 ·NO (4) Control and suportira trade introcluctions and tho card ina Other Nyutem for the riording; of information, (6) Instje on loan lantern Flidea, film and pliotographs, (6) Distribute publicity literature. (7) Arrange for the deepntrh of mxhibits en rxhibitions and fairs, (8) Receive back all publicity mntorini jastsed on loin and mointa registers. (0) Supership the diaplar of rxhibit, in the Exhibition lloll. (10) Superstare arrangements for the clinpiny of Indinn goods in th merern Samplio Noon.

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·02 As an advertisement, the stand again proved a great success, and is undoubtedly the most satisfactory and the most attractive tray of bringing to the notice of buyers from all over the world and the public in generni, the Indinn handicrafts for which we rrish to securo a market or to secure nesr connections for goods alrendy placed on the market. 1t in unfortunate that even the increa-pil spare allotted for the Indinn sertion by the Exhibition luthorities is still limited. So far as I am directly concerned it soomus probable that ito other provinors leside, Bilar and one!! 2011 Madras would he prepared to take pare for the Fair in 1937, ani I am prepared to bespenk a space of at least 36 ft. by 10 ſt. or 20 ft. for the joint provincial stand next year. I would commend to the Trade Commissioner that immediate steps be lahen to scrure a larger space for the All-India Stand at the next l', for which applirations have already bron asked by thie Eshibition Authorition. I have to acknowledge with grateful thanks the assistance Hrven me by Mr. Asli in the preliminary arrangements in con. nection with the provision of space and the construction of the stand, and for the hnip given in ne during the lnir and at the times of slecorating and dismantling the stand by Mr. Noir, Mr. Chatterji and by Jr. Bryant. (Sgd.) E. C. RILAND, 139/3/63-750-10/36H. & H.G.P.-82483

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·ADVERTISE
INDIAN OFFICIAL
PUBLICATIONS
$
MY
$

·All Indian Official
Publications
Obtainable
in Europe and America,
Office of ilic llish Commissioner for India,
Public I)epi., India llouse, Aliwych,
London, W.2, 3,
or through sny hookseller.
in India,
The Minunger of Publications,
Civil Lines,
Delhi.
and
123
Survey of India
Maps.

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