·RAGHUVANSA,
KALIDASA.
No, I. (1-3 CANTOS.)
WITH NOTES AND GRAMMATICAL EXPLANATIONS.
BY
REV. K. M. BANERJTA.
SECOND PROFESSOR OF BISHOP & COLLEGE, CALCUTTA.
MENNEK OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINES, FORT WILLIAM.
HONORARY MEMBER OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY, LONDON.
OALOUTTA:
TILACKER SPINK & CO.
1866

·No text on this page.

·PRETACE THE object aimed at in this edition is popular usefulness, not learned criticism. The University of Calcutta has by an unpretending, and therefore perhaps a generally little known resolution rendered the study of classical languages compulsory on the part of candidates for the First Arts and the B. A. examinations. As an immediate effect of this resolution, a service will be rendered to Oriental lore, such as its most ardent advocates could not have anticipated during the great education struggle of 1835. The attention of the rising generation of Indian youth will be directed to the study of Sanscrit without prejudice to English. Oriental literature will be largely cultivated by an increasing body of educated men, fitted by their knowledge of History and Science, and their local experience as Indians, to render an act of justice to the ancient poets and philosophers of India which pandits, unacquainted with English, could never have done. The system inaugurated by Bentinck, Macaulay, and Trevelyan, and vigorously carried out by Ryan, Cameron, and Bethune, has now been so supplemented by the University of Calcutta that it is impossible to conceive any further objection on the part of Orientalists who do not desire to exclude the natives of India from the treasures of History and Science the bulk of which can no more be translated into the various languages of the country than the waters of the Thames be brought to irrigate the corn fields of the Doab.

·ii PREFACE. It is with a view to assist in the practical success of the noble resolution of the University just referred to, that the editor, himself a fellow of that University, has undertaken a task of which the following pages constitute but a small instalment. A large preface would be unsuitable to a small publication and premature on the initiation of an undertaking liable to be interrupted by many contingencies. Further explanations are therefore reserved for the present. The editor will only add that the assistance offered in the following pages is not intended to supersede the use of grammars and lexicons or the oral instruction of living tutors. Indeed those only are in his calculation expected to derive any profit from the Notes under the text who are not regardless of other advantages at their command. BISHOP'S COLLEGE : 23rd July, 1864.

·श्रीरघुवंशः ॥ प्रथमः सर्गः। caar वागर्थाविव सम्वृतौ वागर्थप्रतिपन्तये। जगतः पितरौ वन्दे पार्वतीपरमेश्वरौ ॥ १। क सूर्यप्रभवो वंशः क्व चाल्पविषया मतिः। तितीर्घ? स्तर मोहादुडुपेनासि सागरं ॥ २ ॥ मन्दः कवियशःमार्थी गनिध्याम्पहास्वतां । प्रांशुलभ्ये फले मोहाबुद्दाहुरिव वामनः ॥३॥ NOTES. 1. sl. वागाविव वागधा इव। सम्मको past pass. part. of 7 gufa 7 conj. in constant relation like a word and its signification or idea. gfauna for obtaining a right understanding of words and ideas. Ad impetrandam vocum sensuumque intelligentiam. Stekler. furet over her I invoke Parvati and Siva, parents of the universe. 2. sl. The repetition of signifies that the two substances respectively referred to are extremely unequal and wide apart. af ha: 59: the race of which the sun is the cause, i. e. progenitor. fcate Desid. { governs FITC desirous of getting across the sea. उडुपं अखि 1st. sing. present of बास to be. 8. sl. मन्द : slov, dull, stupid. कवियशःप्रार्थी ( candidate for th poet's_janne. गमिष्यामि verbs signifying motion may be transitive (as here) or intransitive. When transitive they mean to get at, to fall upon, to obtain, to inctur' (as in this place), उपहास्यतां ridicule. प्रांशुलभ्ये attainable by tall persons. a raft.

·. २ श्रीरघुवंशः ।। [१ सर्गः। अथवा कृतवाग्हारे बंशेऽस्मिन् पूर्वसूरिभिः । मणौ वटासमुलीर्ण सूचस्येवास्ति में गतिः ॥ ४ ॥ सोऽहमाअन्मगुडानामाफलोदयकर्मणां। आसमुद्रधितीशानामानाकरथवर्मनां ॥५॥ यथाविधिहुतालीनां यथाकामार्चितार्थिनां । यथापराधदण्डानां यथाकालप्रबोधिनां ॥६॥ त्यागाय सम्झतार्थानां सत्याय मितभाषिणां । यशसे विजिगीषूणां प्रजायै गृहमेधिनां ॥७॥ शैशवेऽभ्यस्ताविद्यानां यौवले विषयैषिणां! वाईके मनिवृत्तीनां योगेनान्ते तनुत्यजां ॥ ८ ॥ 4. sl. Or perhaps any entrance into the narrative of this race in which a door of description has been already prepared by poets of yore may be like the entrance of a thread into a diamond already boreil through by a vajra or peculiar hard instrument. 5. sl. सोऽहं is nom. to the verb वक्ष्ये in sl. 9. आजन्म शुद्धानाम् pure from the very time of their birth. By means both from and to or until. The adjectives in gen. pl. in slokas 5-8 all qualify TUTH in sl. 9. The poet has very felicitously connected those adjectives in sl. 5. with* 51 in sl. 6. with yathá, in sl. 7. with dative cases, and in sl. 8. with the locative. 17...persevering in action until the issue of the fruit, i. e. the accomplishment of the end. क्षितीशानां क्षिति ecurit/2 ईशान ruling pres. Part. of ई ईथे Ad oceanum uscue terram moderantium. Stensler. यानाक...uhose carriage-tracle 20cts up to hectecx. 6. sl. यथाकाल...honouring petitioners by gifts cuccording to their desires. UE...being awake at the proper time. 7. sl. Collecting money for giving away-speaking measuredly for truth's sale-desirous of continest for fame (not for Incre)-marrying wives for of spring (not for animal gratification). fefsitauif gen. pl. desid. of जि जिगीवति. 8. sl. ga 4577 gen. pl. relinquishing the body. M ·१ सर्गः श्रीरघुवंशः॥ रघूणामन्वयं वच्ये तनुवाग्विभवोऽपि सन्। तगुणैः कर्णमागत्य चापलाय प्रचोदितः ॥ ६ ॥ तं सन्तः श्रोतुमर्हन्ति सदसद्यक्तिहेतवः। हेम्नः संलक्ष्यते ह्यमौ विशुद्धिः श्यामिकापि वा ॥ १० ॥ वैवखतो मनु म माननीयो मनीषिणां । आसीन्महीक्षितामाधः प्रणवश्छन्दसामिव ॥ ११ ॥ तदन्वये शुद्धिमति प्रसूतः शुद्धिमत्तरः । दिलीप इति राजेन्दुरिन्दुः क्षीनिधाविव ॥ १२ ॥ व्यूढोरस्को वृषस्कन्धः शालप्रांशुमहाभुजः । आत्मकर्मक्षम देहं क्षाचो धर्म इवाश्रितः ॥ १३ ॥ सातिरिक्तसारण सर्वतेजोऽभिभाविना। स्थितः सर्वोन्नतेनोर्वी क्रान्त्वा मेरुरिवात्मना ॥ १४ ॥ 9. 84. अन्वयं वंशः। वक्ष्ये 2. fut. 1st sing. proper form of वच । तनु ...though furnished with a small stock of words. For pres, part. mas. of अस to be. तदुणैः... Being inpelled unto restlessness by the report of their qualities having entered into my ears. 10. sl. सन्तः nom. pl. of सत् । श्रोतुं infin. of श्रु घटसोति । सदसत् ...who are causes of the manifestation of merit and demerit. a: -..the purity or alloy of gold is indicated in the fire. 11. 81. मनोविणाम् acise, sapientium, Stenaler. महीक्षितां मही+ क्षित् from hि to rule, rulers of the ecarth, kings. प्रणवः =ों। छन्द- साम् वेदानाम् । As the syllable Om is the leading word in the Vedas. Sicut vox mystica Om prima est in versibus sacris. Stenzler. 12. sl. तदन्वये, तस्य वंशे। शुहिमति loc. sing. राजेन्दुः moon of a king, an excellent king. TfEATT: still more pure. mittfaât a as the moon was produced in the ocean of milk. 13. sl. Like military virtue itself resting in a body equal to the performance of his own royal duty of protecting his subjects from external and internal enemies. क्रान्त्वा from क्रम, क्रामति or क्रम्यति । 14 sl. The three compounds in Instrum. sing, are qualifying adjectives ·श्रीरघुवंशः॥ [१ सर्गः। आकारसदृशप्रजः प्रजया सदृशागमः। आगमैः सदृशारम्भ आरम्भसदृशोदयः ॥ १५ ॥ भीमकान्तैनूपगुणैः स बभूवोपजीविनां । अधष्यश्चाभिगम्यश्च यादोरत्नैरिवार्णवः ॥१६॥ रेखामात्रमपि चुम्मादामनोर्वमनः परं। न व्यतीयुः प्रजास्तस्य नियन्तुर्नमित्तयः ॥ १७ ॥ प्रजानामेव भूत्यर्थं स ताभ्यो वलिमग्रहीत् । सहसगुणमुत्स्रष्टुमादत्ते हि रसं रविः ॥ १८ ॥ सेनापरिच्छदस्तस्य इयमेवार्थसाधनं । शास्त्रेष्वकुण्ठिता बुद्धिमार्गी धनुषि चातता ॥ १६ ॥ । to आत्मना-शरीरेण । EITT: strength-_exceeding all creatures in strength. 15. sl. HET...his researches in the Sastra equal to his intelligence. यारमः undertaking. उदयः success, 16. sl. aftafia: awful yet agreeable. EFTEĦ neut. sca-monster. A! the sea is deterring by reason of its sharks and alligators and yet attractive by reason of its jewels. 17. sl. क्षुसात् वर्त्मनः परम् out of the beaten track. या मनोः from the time of Manu. व्यतीयः वि अति ईयुः 2nd. pret. s. pl. of I to go. faze of the governor or driver afA.., keeping within the wheel-track, i, e. as the circumference of a chariot wheel under a skilful driver keeps within the beaten track so did the subjects of Dilipa keep themselves to the old paths of Mauu. नुसात् from क्षुद् क्षणत्ति rth conj. 18. sl. arau: Fem. abl. pl. its antecedent TFG I afat: tribute. अग्रहीत् 3. pret. 3. sing. of ग्रह 9th. conj. यहाति, ग्टहीतः। उत्साम् inf. यादत्ते Prop. form pres. 8. sing. 19. st. The army was simply among his Paraphernalia. He had only two instruments for the accomplishment of his purposes - constant attention to the Sastras, and the string fireed to his bow. आतता past. part. of तन Sth. conj. तनोति, तमुतः ·५ । १ सर्गः।। श्रीरघुवंशः ॥ तस्य संस्तमन्त्रस्य गूढाकारेङ्गितस्य च । फलानुमेयाः प्रारम्भाः संस्काराः प्राक्तना इव ॥ २० ॥ जुगोपात्मानमवस्तो भेजे धर्ममनातुरः । अरभुराददे सोऽर्थमसक्तः सुखमन्वभूत् ॥ २१ ॥ ज्ञाने मौनं क्षमा शक्तौ त्यागे श्लाघाविपर्ययः । गुणा गुणानुबन्धित्वात्तस्य सप्रसवा इव ॥ २२ ॥ अनाकृष्टस्य विषयविद्यानां पारदृश्वनः । तस्य धर्मरतेरासीदृवत्वं जरसा विना ॥ २३ ॥ प्रजानां विनयाधानाद्रक्षणाझरणादपि । स पिता पितरस्तासां केवलं जन्महेतवः ॥ २४ ॥ स्तित्यै दण्डयतो दण्ड्याम्परिणेतुः प्रसूतये । अप्यर्थकामौ तस्यास्तां धर्म एव मनीषिणः ॥ २५ ॥ 20. sl. EąTASR Bahuvrihi, one of hidden counsel. TE.. his form and countenance unfathomed i. e. not betraying his emotions. His measures could only be understood a posteriori from their effects as the habits of a former life are only known after development. 21. 84. जुगोप 2. Pret. गुप। भेजे 2. Pret. prop. भज which does not reduplicate: TEHSIT Mugdhabodha. Rule 161 Vyakarana Kaummadi Part II. अचभत् 3 Pret. अनु भू। 22. sl. ESETT: born together; qualities not naturally connected such as knowledge or experience and taciturnity &c. were in hiin as if they were naturally linked, or born together. 23. gl. अनाहायस्य...not cuttrctcted by sensuous objects. पारदृश्वन: gen, sing. Its nom. पारदृश्वा । धर्मरतेः gen. sing. आसीत 1st. pret. of अस to be. STTET instr. sing. without decrepitude. 24. sl. विनयाधानात् because of his provision for their instruction. तासां, प्रजानां 25. sl. free for the conservation of Society. Mallinntha has it लोकप्रतिष्ठायै। Stenzler, aid cequitatem sustenendam. परिणेतु: Act. Part, gen. sing. oft tot means to espouse a wife, ducere uxorem. The