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·GOVERNMENT OF BOMBAY.,
GENERAL DEPARTMENT,
ARCHEOLOGY
PROGRESS REPORT
• OP THE
ARCHÆOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA, WEST
For the year ending 31st March 1909.
[Prk-12h of IJ. 23.)

·OFFICIAL AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF INDIAN OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS. In England. E. A. Arnold, 41 & 43, Maddox Street, Bond Street, W., London. Constable & Co., 10, Orange Street, Leicester Square, W. C., London, Grindlay & Co., 54, Parliament Street, S. W., London. · Henry S, King & Co., 65, Cornhill, E. C., London. P. S. King & Son, 2 & 4, Great Smith Street, Westminster, S. W., London, Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., 43, Gerrard Street, Soho, W., London. B. Quaritch, 11, Grafton Street, New Bond Street, W., London, T. Fisher Unwin, 1, Adelphi Terrace, London, W. C. W. Thacker & Co., 2, Creed Lane, London, E. C. Luzac & Co., 46, Great Russel Street, London, W. C. B. H. Blackwell, 50 & 51, Broad Street, Oxford. Deighton Bell & Co., Cambridge. On the Continent. Friedlander & Sohn, 11, Cárlstrasse, Berlin. Rudolf Haupt, 1, Dorrienstrasse, Leipzig (Germany). Otto Harrassowitz, Leipzig. Karl W. Hiersemann, Leipzig. Ernest Leroux, 28, Rué Bonaparte, Paris. Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague. In India. Higginbotham & Co., Madras. V. Kalyanarama Iyer & Co., Madras. P. R. Rama Iyar & Co., Madras. Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta. W. Newman & Co., Calcutta. S. K. Lahiri & Co., Calcutta. R. Cambray & Co., Calcutta. Thacker & Co. (Ld.), Bombay. A: J. Combridge & Co., Bombay. Superintendent, Government Central Press, Bornbay. D. B. Taraporevala, Sons & Co., Bombay. Sunder Pandurang, Bookseller, etc., Bombay. Gopal Narayen & Co., Booksellers, etc., Bombay N, B, Mathur, N. K. H. Press, Allahabad, 1

·GOVERNMENT OF BOMBAY.
GENERAL DEPARTMENT.
ARCHÆOLOGY.

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·CONTENTS. PART I, raar . ... 1 ... ) .. .. 1 1 30 9 11 .. ... .. .. d. ... 11 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 90. ... . 2. Jog co • ... 400 ... 15 15 15 15 .. ... Office Routinc- Pertonnel Work at Head-quarters The Year's work Saperintendent's tour and diary Assistant Soperintendent's diary and tour Photographs taken during 1908-1909 Ioscriptions copied during 1908-1903 List of drawings made during 1908-1903 Conservation- Во Works carried out daring 1903-1909 Bijapur Elephanta caves Chalakyan temples Sind Estimates Conservation potos Works proposed for 1909-1910 Bombay Native States Palappur, Mahi Kapthi, Catch, Sáradtvadi, Rowi Kéothā Kathiawad Baroda Kolhapur and S. M. Country Central India Bandelkhand, Kbajariba Fåghelkband Dhår, Mandu Indore Bhopal, Sanchi Rajputana Jaisalmer, Bharatpur, Dholpar, Karaali, Kishangarh, Alvar, Bundi, Tonk and Shabă pară Marwar_Mandor Birobi-Abu Bikåner, Hanumangarh Fort, Derdkund Kotah Jhålå wår-Chandravati Hyderabad (Deccan)- Ajanda caves ... Protected monuments- Ahmadabad Kairi ... Panch Mabals Broach Surat Thank .. Ahmadnagar .. ... 16 1o. 16 16 16. doa ... B. 4 16 16 16 37 17 17 . sec .. 17 is JS 18 Nabik. Poopa .. Sătărá... Bijapur - Dbárvár Kolabā Hyderabad (Sınd) Sukkar (Sund) Lārkbåda (Sınd) Thar and Parkar (Sind) 19 J9 19 19 39 20 20 20 20 21 21 21 B 768 ·ii CONTENTS. PAGE ... 21 21 22 . ... ... ... 22 .. 23 .. . ... ... ... .. .. 0 ... .. 1. Excavation ... Original exploration Epigraphy Numismatics Treasure Trove Museums Bombay Poons Bijāpur Rajkot Bbāvnagar Udaipur Khajarābā Sanchi Ajmer Compilation of lists Publications Contravention of Standing Orders Office Library Annual expenditure Programme for 1909-1910— Superintendent's tour Assistant Superintendent's tour ... ... 10 ... • ... 25 25 25 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 27 27 27 28 .. ... ... ... ... ... . .. .. 28 29 . PART II, .. O. . ... 30 30 31 31 33 34 .. .. ... .. 36 36 . 1 ... .. 41 44 47 0. ... ... Bhi ykā Ratanpur Lilvadega Brāhmaṇābād Mirpur Khas Aihole Rājputānā (Assistant Superintendent's tour) Udaipur State Kailwādā Kumalgadh Jodhpur State- Nadlăī Nādol Bombay Jodhpur State Barkāņā Ajmer Jodhpur State- Anvā Javālia Sāņderāv Kortã Bảmmeră Párta Thảmỗi Jälor Siwănă Mandor List of Public Libraries, etc., to which the Reports of the Archeological Survey are supplied 4 47 47 6. ... · 49 50 51 ... ... 52 .. ... ... 52 53 53 54 :57 58 ... 10 59 ·GOVERNMENT OF BOMBAY. GENERAL DEPARTMENT. ARCHÆOLOGY, PROGRESS REPORT OF TEE ARCHÆOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA, WESTERN CIROLE, FOR THE YEAR ENDING 3IST MARCH 1909 PART 1. I.-OFFICE ROUTINE. During the last official year the changes in the establishment were as follows: Mr. Sıtăràm Dinkar Pitkar, who had been Personnel, a draftsman on the establishment for over 27 years, T 2. The only old hand now left in the office is my head clerk, Mír. Nārāyan Mahadev Tātke, whose industry and application to his work continues to be very satisfactory. 3. During the monsoon recess we were fully occupied, and, as the work becomes heavier year by year, it also becomes more win-T - Herauarters Dort, with he same; ; writing up and printing of conservation notes on various works in the circle; work on the Museum coin catalogue; the perasal of estimates for conservation work ; *28 pretty fully, othee routine and the museum, 11. THE YEAR'S WORK. but so 4. The beginning of the official year found us at Parjápur, about which place I have alieady written a note in my last Progress Superintendent's Tour, Report. I have previously pointed out the incon. venience of making our year under report that of the official year, which does not correspond to the ordinary working periods of the Survey. Thus I cannot help wir n nuntinna each year, though it goes a month or 30th March. It would be highly inc 'ular work, like the excavation at Parjāpur, in one report, and a continuation of the same, a whole twelve months afterwards, in the next. The work of the cominencement of the official year under report, that is, the end of the last touring season, has, therefore, been reported in any last, namely, the visits made to Junnar and Bijāpur, 5. Iu October I accompanied His Excellency the Bijapur. Governor over the old buildings and ruins of Bijapur, B763-1 ·2 Thana. Provinces aod Mudhera, Ahmadabad. Panch Mahals, 6. In the same month I attended the opening of the Ajmer Museum at the invitation of the Agent to the Governor-General Almer. for Rājputānā, being a member, in my official capacity, of the advisory and working committees of the same. 7. Elephanta was visited in the beginning of November in connection with the great fall of rock that had taken place before Elephaata, the entrance to the great care during the monsoon. 8. An inspection visit was made to the Bhäjā Caves in the same month; and later on to Thāņā, as I had been requested to Bhala Caves. report upon the old Church of St. John the Baptist, the Vicar of which had appealed to Government for funds for its repair on the grounds of it being an ancient building worthy of being conserved. 9. My services were asked for by the Central Provinces Government to act as Juror on the Committee of the Central Provinces Central Berar Exhibition. and Berār Exhibition, and I was at Nagpur for this purpose for a week towards the end of November, 10. Most of the month of December was devoted to a tour in Gujarāt. Muậherā, in His Highness the Gaikwad's territory, was visited, and the fine old ruined temple of Surya was thoroughly inspected, and notes were made, in conjunction with a Baroda Public Works Department official, for repairs and conservation. 11, Works under repair at Ahmadābād were also inspected, especially a heavy one in connection with the old palace at Sarkihej, which I was able to reduce considerably. Fresh remains, not previously risited, at Bhavka, Lilvader, Ratanpur and Richyā were esamined." Descriptions of these will be found in Part II of this report. 12. I may mention the great inconvenience we were put to by the Railway Companies in the delay in carrying our tents and kit to Dohad in the Panch Mahāls. The things were handed over to the G. I. P. Railway in Poona on the 1st December and only arrived at Dobad on the 20th idem, that is, they travelled at the arerage rate of about one mile per hour, half the speed of a - bullock cart! We had to leave before they turned up, and to request the Station Master to re-direct them to Hyderābãd, Sind, our next camp after the Christmas holidays. To take such things by passenger train would soon run away with our slender contingent allowance. 13. Immediately after the Christmas holidays Major Prideaus, Political Bahreio excavations, Agent, Bahrein, arrived with å number of cases full of pottery, etc., which he had excavated in that island in the Persian Gulf. Mr. Marshall had asked me to receive them into the Poona Museum and to help him in setting them up. This prerented me from starting for Sind until the 10th January. An article on his excavations at this place is to appear in the Archäological Surrey Annual. 14. In Sind our chief work lay at Brāhmaṇābād. Further excavation here had been included in the programmes of several previous Progress Reports, but had to be abandoned owing to more pressing work elsewhere. My main object in visiting the place again was to try and ascertain, once for all, whether the site was of sufficient interest to warrant Government in stopping the constant removal of fertilizing earth from the spot by villagers, and to conserve the place for more detailed excavation in future. The results of my investigations here are recorded in the second part of this report, 15. At Hyderabad I met the Director-General Hyderabad Sind. of Archäology, and went over the Kalhoră and Tālpūr tombs there with him, 16. Having had a note from Mr. Mackenzie, Deputy Commissioner of Thar Mirpur Khas. and Pārkar, calling my attention to the brick mounds at Mirpur Khās, I visited that place on my return Brahmana bad, 6 ·3 Amer. Abu. jus, I was gratified stūpa surrounded cluding a further visit to this place in my programme for next season, to escavate and carry out further exploration on the site. 17. On my way back to Poona I attended a meeting of the working Committee of the Rajputāna Museum at Ajmer, and inspected the work being carried out at Mount. Abu. 16. As my next camp was to be at Aihole, I had to allow time for my Elephanta, tents and kit to come down from Sind, partly by sea Vengurla. and partly by rail. This interval, between the 13th Bijapur. March and the 14th April, was divided between work at Head-quarters ; visits to Elephanta, where my advice was sought respecting the work of rebuilding pillars in the cave; a visit to Vengurla to report to Gorernment on the old Dutch Factory there; and four days at Bijapur, to consult with the Executive Engineer about fresh difficulties that had arisen regarding the work proposed on the two buildings, the Ibrahim Rauza and the Asār Mahal. 19. Aihole was eventually reached on the 14th of April, where the rest of the month was spent revelling amongst the grand old remains of the 5th, 6th and 7th centuries at that place. A short description is given in Part II of this report, Alhole. Superintendent's Diary. 1908 200 April Ist ... Broke up camp at Parjapur and left for Poona 2nd to 12th... Halt at Head-quarters. 18th to 15th. Visit to Bijapur to inspect work in progress. 16th to 26th . Halt at Head-quarters. 27th to May Trip to Junnar to settle about the conservation measures necessary 10th, to the Buddhist caves and old buildings. Nay 11th to Octo- Halt at Head-quarters for monsoon recess. ber 10th, October 11th to 15th . Proceeded to Bijapar in connection with His Excellency the Governor's visit to that place. 17th to 20th . Proceeded to Ajmer to attend opening of the Rājputānā Masenna on the invitation of the Honourable the Agent to the Governors General. 21st to Nov. At Head-quarters, Poona. ember 2nd. November 3rd to 4th Visited Elephanta in connection with the fall of rock at the entrance to the caves. 5th to 11th ... At Head-quarters. 12th Inspected the Bbåjā Caves. 13th ... Proceeded to Thăņā to report on the old Church of St. John the Baptist. 14th to 18th. At Head-quarters, 19th to 28th. On deputation to Någpor as Joror on the Committee of the Central Provinces and Berår Exhibition. 29th to Dec- At Headquartera. ember 7th. December 8th 9th to 10th 12th 13th to 14th. Halt at Anurada bau wuere conservation work is in progress 15th Proceeded to Dohad in the Panch Mahāls. 19th ... Left Dohad for Godhra. 20th to 24th, Halt at Godhra. 25th to Jan-Halt at Head-quarters. uary 7th, 1909. 10 ·4 1909. January 8th ... Proceeded to Bombay to attend a meoting of the Committeo of the Prince of Wales Museum. 10th Loft Poona for tour in Sind, vid Karachi. 14th ... Arrived at Hyderabad. 15th to 18th . Halt at Hyderabad, to inspect Kallora and Talpur tombs and to make arrangements with the Executivo Engineer about excavition work at Brāhmaṇābād. 19th Loft Hyderabad for Brahmanābād. 23rd to Febru- Halt at Brälmaņābūd. ary 26th, February 28th to March Halt at Hyderabad to meot and consult with the Director-General 4th. of Archæology. March 5th to 6th At Mirpur Khús. 9th ... At Ajmer to attend Committee meeting of the Rājputană Museur. Ilth At Mount Abu to inspoct work of conservation going on at tho Dilsväră temples. 13th Returned to Poonn Head-quarters. 22nd ... Left Poona for Vengurla down the coast, to advise upon the old Dutch Factory 23rd to 24th. At Vengurla. 25th ... Returned to Bombay. 26th Visited Elephanta Caves with the Sub-Divisional Officer in connection with the rebuilding of the columns in the envc, und returned to Poopa. 27th to 31st... Halt at Head-quarters. Assistant Superintendent's Diary, 1908. April 1st Reached Kumalgadb. 2nd to 7th ... Halt at Kumalgadh. 8th to llth... Journey from Kumalgadh to Nárlái. 12th to 18th . Halt at Nädlãi. 19th ... Left for Nadol. 20th to 27th , Halt at Nadol. May 2nd Returned to Poona. 3rd to Nor. Halt at Head-quarters, ember 6th, November 7th Left Poona for Barkåņā. 13th to 19th . Halt at Barkānā. 20th ... Left for Chitorgadh. 22nd At Chitorgadh, 24th to 26th. At Ajmer. 27th Reached Auvā. 28th to Dec. Halt at Auvā, ember 4th. December 5th Loft for Jawāleśvar, 6th to 10th Halt at Jawālesvar. 11th ... Reached Sāņderāv. 12th to 20th . Halt at Sänderây. 21st Reached Bisalpur. 25th to Jan-Christmas holidays, uary 1st. 1909, January 2nd Reached Korta. 3rd to 7th ... Halt at Kortà. 8th Left for Pāvtă. 12th Reached Gudha. 15th Came to Ahor. 16th to 19th . Halt at Ahor. 20th Left for Jālor. 21st to 30th . Halt at Jālor. 31st to Feb- Journey to Siwāņā. ruary 1st, February 2nd to 11tk... Halt at Siwāņā. 12th ... Reached Jodhpur 13th to March At Maņdor. 31st.

·Nadol Nadlal. 22. Во . .. 1 20. The commencement of the official year found us at Kumalgadh in Kumaigadh. Mewar.* The month preceding it, i.e., March 1908, had been spent in Godvád in the Jodhpur State. The most convenient route to this fort was the one through Godvád; and, as, at the end of March, I was in that part of the province which was nearest to Kumalgadh, I seized that opportunity of visiting the fort. _A description of the various antiquarian monuments thereon will be found in Part II of this report. 21. Our tour in Godvārl was afterwards resumed, and we visited Nádol and Nāļlái, two of the Jaiga paſcha-tirthas in Márvár, Nadol, again, was the capital of the earlier Mārwär Chohāns. This brought our touring season of 1908 to an end, modernim tornanan hacoon with a migit to the museum of the Bombay ulptures, interesting were photographed. 23. Ve thereafter resumed our unfinished work in Godvād. We commenced with Barkáná. This terminated our visit to the Barkada. paſcha-tirthas of Marwar. The latter are Rānpur, Ghânerâv, Nadol, Nädlai and Barkāna. They are all in the province of Godvāų Of these, Ranpur and Ghäneris were visited last official year. From Barkānā some of the surrounding villages such as Bijvā, Khimel, and so forth, were also visited. 24. In the last week of November I was at Ajmer, where I took the opportunity to inspect the sculptures and inscription stones Almer. gathered in the museum, the credit for which is all due to Pandit Gaurishankar Ojhā. Two of the for photographed. Most of the latter are from Impressions of these inscriptions were taken Jodhpur. Only those, therefore, that were ney were copied. 'or these new ones, one is particularly interesting. The contents thereof will be noticed further in Part II, 25. From Ajmer I went to Aurā in the Sojat District, Jodhpur State. Intimation that it contained an old temple had been received last year, but then the season was too far advanced and Auwā itself was too far removed from where I was working to opable me to go there. After the end of that season, Munshi Devi Prasád of Jodhpur was able to see this place and to assure me that the information I had received was correct. I, therefore, went to Auvā, where I photographed the temple, which is a 9th century edifice, and took inapressions of the inscriptions therein. 26. From Auwā I again resumed my work in Godvád about the beginning of December. I was to visit Sänderāv, but Jawalesvar was in the way and had become a place of great interest by the excavation work carried on by a treasure-seeker there during the previous year. I, therefore, halted there, and then Sanderay. Bisalpur proceeded to Sänderāv, where the Jaina temple and å chhatri vere photographed and inscriptions copied. About the end of December I saw Bisalpur and the surrounding villages, but nothing of importance was found. At the beginning of January I proceeded to Korţā wliere old Jaina temples were reported as existing. After doing the necessary work, I visited Bamners and Påladi from Korta, here. At the former place three new copper-plate inscriptions came to light, work in the province of Godvād. After leaving avious plan, to visit Rānsen, Ratanpură and rict, but as I was to meet the Director-General Auwa. JA walesvar: * Written by Dr D R. Bhaadirkar ·6 Pavta. Cudha. not many Jalor. of Archäology at Jodhpur about the middle of February, I had to give it up. We thus had to proceed to Jālor, but, on the way, halted at Pāvýā and Gudhā where we inspected the objects of local and antiquarian interest, which were and of no particular importance. At Jālor, the ancient Jābālipur, there was abundance of work for us. Here we photographed the building now known as the top khānā, but formerly a mosque, said to have been built by Alā-ud-din. It is full of inscriptions, wbich were all copied. Measurements were also taken to prepare a plan of it. On the fort there are two old Jaina temples, which were also photographed together with the objects of local interest, such as the rampart of the Dahiyās, Virama chauki, and so on. 28. At the commencement of February I reached Siwānā, which, like Jālor, is another fort of importance in Southern Mārwār. From here I proceeded to Jodhpur via Samdaļī, and arrived there on the 12th of that month, Excavation work was started by the Director-General of Archäology at Mandor, six miles north of Jodhpur, where I remained to help him till the middle of April. Siwana. Mandor. Photographs taken during 1908-1909. Serial Number. Locality. Title of Photograph. Size of Negative. . Do. Do. or back > ... .. >> ... 3106 Mudherä (Gujarāt). Temple of Sūrya, open mandapa from across the tank 67 X 48 3107 Do. Do. do. from the north-east 3108 Do. Do. do. from the north-West... 3109 Do. Do. do. from south side, east end 3110 Do. Do. do. from west porch 3111 Do. closed mandapa, south side, east end... 3112 Do. do. do. west end,.. 3113 Do. Do. do. west side, south end... 3114 Do. Do. do. do. 3115 Do. Do. do. north side, west end... 3116 Do. Do. do. do. east end 3117 Do. Do. do. porch and north-east corner 3118 Do. Do. do. west side, north end... 3119 Bbāvka (Panch Dabāls) ... Old temple, south side 3120 Do. Do. south-east side 3121 Do. Do. walls on south side of shrine 3122 Dobad Image of Siva at district bungalow 3123 Do. Do. Indra do. 3124 Mudhera Temple of Sūrya, open mandapa, south side 3125 Ratanpur Old temple near lake, front or east face 3126 Do. Do. do. without kārtistambha 3127 Do. Do. do. the kārtistambha 3128 Do. Do. do. north side 3129 Do. Do. do. do. of shrine walls 3130 Do. Do. do. do. of mandnpa walls 3131 Do. Do. interior of mandapa 3132 Brāhmaṇā bād The thūl, from the west, before excavation (S nd). 3133 Do. Do. from the south, before excavation 3134 Do. Do. from the west, after excavation 3135 Do. Do. shewing brick drain under south-west corner of base of thil 3135 Do. Two narrow brick-ring wells 3137 Escaration at, first photograph taken ... 5 ... .. ... >> 1. 23 ... do. ... Do. . - ·7 Serial Xoomber, Locality. Title of Photograph. Eize of Negative HE 1) Do. . TA . J 1 . )) 35 " 3) 23 Do. 72 T:..:) Do. 1) .. 15 . 1 . ») Do. ... .. . 1 3138 Brah manabad Excavation, on Map, second photo, after further ex- (Sind). cavation 63 x 44 3139 Do. Do. do. excavation from south-west 8110 Do. do. excavation from soath-west with tents 3141 ---- 3149 3113 31+ 3115 3146 (Sind). 3147 Do. Carred bricks from täpa, large group 31-18 Do. Do. do. smaller group ... 3149 Aibolo 3150 Do, 3151 8153 Do, Do. do. central pillar with nandi 3153 Do. Do. do pillar in the hall 3151 Da, do. perforated wisdow ... 3185 Do. Do. do. shrine doorway 3158 Do. Temple of Kontgods, from north-west 3167 Do. Do, do. north-west corner an dportion of porch 3158 Do. Do. do. pillar un adjoining temple on west side 3189 Do. Do. do. panel 10 adjoining temple or west side 3160 Do. do. sbride doorway in adjoining temple on south-west 3101 Do. Derga temple from north-east (smaller) 3162 Do. Do. do. (larger) 3163 Do. Do. front porch from north east 3161 Do from north-west, showiog round back 3165 Do. Do from west or backend showing aculptures on back pıllar support 3166 Do. Do. sculptured frieze in porch 3167 Do. Varába scalpture 3168 Do. Do. three sculptured slabs on south side 3163 Do. Meguši temple from north-east 3170 Do. Do. from south-east 3171 Do. Do. Sculpture on walls 3172 Do Figure of Jina od ceiling of two-storeyed Jaina cavel temple 3173 Do Dolmen on hill near Megut temple 3174 Do IIachchimalli-goại temple, from north-west 3175 Do. Do. do. from south-west from west 3176 Do, Do. do. 3177 Do. from north-west corner Do. from south-east 3178 Do. Do. 3179 Do Do. do. Kartikeya un ceiling of porch 3180 Do. Temple in Surrey No. 270, from soath-west S181 Do. (Cancelled) 3182 Do. Temple in Sarvey No. 270, frieze with Narasimha with Verāh3 3183 Do. Do. do, with Agni Do. 3184 Do. do. Do. with Yama 3185 Do. do. pillar inside on north side 3186 Do. do. Do dparapāla besade shrine 3187 Do. doorway *** do. Gaja-lakshmi over inside 3188 Do. of entrance do. Do. doorway of demolished 3189 Do. temple on sonth 3190 Do. Old temple belonging to Hachcbappaya in village, front entrance Do. do. back walls of shrine Do. Do. " » .. 27 Do. .. . ) 14 LLLLLLLLÁ Á Á Á LLLLL LLLLLLL LLLLLLS ŠLLLLLLA. Å Å Å A > .. VO ... do. do. 1 19 do. Do, . >> Do. ... 3) 3191 ·8 Serial Number, Title of Photograph. Eize of Negative. Locality. 3192 Aibole >> 33 ... 3193 3294 3195 3196 8197 3198 Do. Do. Do. Do. No. Do. >> > 3399 Do. 3200 Do. 3202 Do. ... .. > 3202 3203 3204 32043 3205 3206 3207 3208 3209 3210 Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Old temple belonging to Hnchchappaya, ceiling sculpture, Naga Rāja 61X413 Do. do. ceiling sculpture Brahma. Do. do, matka behind templo Old temple near Lid Khan's ... Old temple at south-frest corner of village, ontside Do. do. ontrance doorway... Do. do. subsidinry shrine in front Triple-shrined Jaina templo near Virūpāksha from north-east Do. do. back of subsidiary shrive in front of last Do. do, image in subsidiary shrino ... Virūpāksha's temple, pillar in hall Old temple in Gnlagnatha group, shrine doorway Do. do. exterior of shrine Do. do. pillar in hall Temple beside the last, from south-trest ... Shrino between the last two, from south-west Galagpatha temple, kirlisambla, near Do. dolmen, near 1o. portion of shaft of pillar, near Temple of Nārāyaņa, flanking stone for door stop, smaller photo. Do. do. larger ploto. Temples behind the Desāi's bonse Kirtistambha nt old well near the potter's quarters Bralımanical cave, general view with column Do. do. Do. do. women with tall coni. cal head-dresses Do. do. two drarapālas Jaina Cave, front... Do. interior Do. Jina with two female attendants Do. Párśronātba with attendants... Brahmanical Care, dvarapālas on the front Two leares of an old MS. from & Bikāuer Jaina bhandar Town-Hall, five images from 4431 .. . ... ... 3 .. S211 8212 3213 3214 3215 8216 Do. Do. Do. Do. Do.. Do, close up > ... :) ... 3217 Do. 3218 Do. 3219 Do. 3220 Do. 3221 Do. 3222 Do. 3223 Bombay .. .. .. ... ... .. .. :: ... 4. 3224- Do. 3228 3229 Do. 3230 Barkāņā 3231 Do. 3232 Do, 3233 Chitorgadh 3234- 3235 Ajmer 3236 Autā 3237 Do. 3238 Jawalia 3239 Sanders 3240 Do. 3241 Do. 3242 Do. 3243 Kortā 3244 Do. 3245 Do. 3246 Do. 3247 Do. 3248 Do. ... .. Do. sculptures from Temple of Pārsvanátha, interior of sabhamandapa 8.1 x 6 Do. do. sculpture from 61x41 Do. do. three pillars from Jaina temple in front of Rampol on fort 61442 Rājpatāná Museum, two images from 44X3 Temple of Kāmeśvara, interior of sabhamandapa 61x43 Do. do. back view of 81 x64 View of temple of Dānkāleśvara, from east 6 X 43 Temple of Pārsvadātba, view from south-west Do. do. entrance view of Do, do. image of a Jaipa sädhu from 41 x 31 Chhatri near the taláv at 6! x 43 Temple of Rishabhadeva, view from north-east 81 x 61 Image of Rishabhadeva, from same Temple of Sāntinātha, front view of Do. do, view of same, from south-east 64 x 43 Temple of Mahāvirasvāmi, view from south-west Do. do. wall mouldings of same from south east 81 x 61 ... Temple of Sürya; view from soutb-east Do. same from north-east 8 X 64 ... View of Jaina temple from south-west 64 x 43 ... ... . ... > .. ... €. ... 3249 Bannera 3250 Do. 3251 Paladi ...

·9 Serial Number Locality. Title of Photograph Bize of Negative . 64x44 4331 19 ... 19 J? 3252 Paladi 3353 | Alatās 3254-Thamli 3255 3256 Do. 3257 Ahor 3258 Jālor 3259 Do. 3260 Do, 3261 Do. 3282 Do. 3263 Do. 3264 Do. 3265 Do. 3256 Do. 3267 Do. 8268 Do. 3269 Do. 3270 Do 3271 Do. 5272 Do. 3273 3274 Siwini 3275 Do. 8276 3277 Do. 3278 Nal-Gudbā 3279 Mandor 3280 Do 3281 Japāgadh 3282 Do. 3283 Do. 2384 Do. 8285 Do. 3286 Do. 3287 Do. 3288 Do. 3289 Do. 3290 3291 Do. 3292 Do. View of two Saiva temples Blallinåtha's than ... 'Temple of Santiaatha, two scalptures from Chkatris of Svamis 61 X 48 Temple of Nätā, front view of 81 x 6] Topkrāna, front view of Do. ceiling from Do. view from south-east 64441 Do. north corridor of Do tomb from 41 x 31 Fort, general view of temples from east ... 67 x 47 Do. Chaumukh temple, front from east ... 81 x 61 Do. do, interior from 2nd storey Do. do do. below 6 x 44 General view of temples from naubatklānā ...85 x 61 Temple of Komarapala, view from east Do. do. wall mouldings of Do. view of south side with fort walls of Dahiyas... 61 x 45 Do. view of north side from Virama chawla 81 front view of masjid Sire-mandır, front view of View of fort, from village, from south-east 81x61 Rātiâ-mnapdır, shrine door 61 x 41 Do. front view of Do. gide view from south-west ... Ruined Jaina temple from north-east Ajitsingh's thada ... Image of Tukesvara-Mahadeva 41x31 Babădur Museum, two images from 81 x 61 Do. torana from railing of Boriya stupa Do. contents of same 61 x 47 New building over Asoka's inscription rock U parkot, mosque on 8}"x Do. two guns on 6jx41 Do. arcbed gateway of ... do. do ***87 Girpår, general view of Jaina temple Do. Guru-çıkhara Do. Bhairava jap Do. Do. 44X34 Do. D. > 3 Do. . . Do. ... Do. 39 . Inscriptions copied during 1908-1909. tenal Nambur, Place. Position of Inscription. 11.T- 11. 242! Kahdal 2425 Balera 2436 Hopåver 2427 Do 2428 Barkaņā 2429 Ajmer 2430 Do. ir antronca from Bayana). from Såmoh in the Bhūwat "Ievār). do. (originally from Arthūņš, in Bapstāda State) do. do. do. 2431 Do. Do, Do. 2132 Do. B 768-3 ·10 Serie1 Nomber. Place. Position of Inscription. 2433 Ajmer Do. . .. 2434 Do. 2435 Àuwa 2436 Do. 2437 Do. 2438 Sảnderāv 2439 Do. 2440 Do, 2411 Do. 2442 Do. 2443 Bāminerā 2444 Do, 2445 Do. 2446 Do. 2447 Do. 2448 Do. 2449 Do. 2450 Do. 2451 Do. 2452 Tbāmli 2453 Jālor 2454 Do. 2455 Do. 2456 Do. 2457) Do. ... ... ... on lintel . ... .. 2458 Do. 2459 Do. 2460 Do. 2461 Do. 2462 Do. 2463 Do, 2464 Do. 2465 Do. 2466 Do. 2467 Do. 2468 | Do. 2469 Do. 2470 Do. 2471 Do. 2472 ) Do, 2473 Siwaņa 2474 Do 2475 Junāgadu 2476 Aikole ... Museum, fragments of inscribed slabs originally from the Arhāidin-kā jhopdá. another stone in do. do.. Temple of Kāmeśvara, on pillar in sahhā-mandapa. Do, do. on a second pillar in do, Do. do. on a third pillar in do. Jaina temple, above entrance from inside. Do. above lintel of cell in south corridor. Do. on pillar in sabha-mandapa. Do, on another pillar do, Do. on third pillar do. A copper plate ) in possession of a Brāhmaṇa named Rāmā Do. ſ Khutā. Temple of Sūrya, on a pillar. Do. on the same pillar. Do. on another pillar. Do. on third pillar, Do. on fourth pillar. Do. near shrine door. Matha, on a pillar on east. l'opkhānā, on a pillar in zanānā gallery. Do. on another pillar do. Do. do. Do. on capital of pillar in do. Do. ou pillar of second row from front, south end of main body. Do. on lintel near north end of main body. Do. another on the same as last. Do. on lintel of north entrance. Do. on lintel in storey above central dome, Do. in niche in north corridor. Inside gateway near kacheri. At entrance of kacheri. At entrance of Sāņderāv masjid. Above mihrab of idgāh outside the town. Another near last. Fort, in masjid in. Another in the same. From chaumukh temple. Sire-mandir, on stone near entrance inside, outside the town. Do, another on same. On wall, at entrance of Fort. Another near same. A set of copper-plates found at Navlākbi. From top of a pillar ir Jaina temple opposite Virūpāksha temple. On a pillar in middle of the temple in south-west corner of Survey No. 66. ... On front face of old temple in Survey No. 268. Durga temple on the north face wall of the main entrance of the courtyard of, ... Durga temple on the sonth wall between two deri sculptures, On pillar in temple No. 27. On another pillar in temple No. 27. Huchchappaga's temple in Survey No. 270 on wall of entrance of mandaga. Do. do. do. on south of entrance. Durga temple on the south wall of inner porch of. Do. on pillar ou porth side on its west face. Do. on the parapet of steps on south side. Lad Khan temple on a pilaster near entrance to mandapa. Do. on wall in porch. Do. on an image lying near the Meguţi temple. ... 2477 Do. 2478 2479 Do. Do. 2480 2481 2482 2483 Do. Do Do. Do. .. ... ... 2484 2485 2486 2487 2458 2489 2490 Do. Du Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. ..

·11 List of Drawings made during 1908-1909. Seris1 Yumter Place. Title of Drawing. Sketch plan of village. Di..cantins Tru-1---l. 1339 | Aiholo 1310 ክ 1312 1342 1343 1316 111.—CONSERVATION. BOMBAY, 29. The following is a statement of conservation works carried out in the Bombay Presidency during the financial Work carried out. year 1908-1909. It is compiled from the annual lists sent in by tho Superintending Engineers of the Divisions, and the Examiner, Public Works Accounts, Bombay. vod RS p. 1,99 $ 00 63 0 0 11 0 0 11 0 0 4,691 0 0 215 00 Northern Division. Presidency- Bombay, maintenance and repairs to cabos and piers, Elephanta Do repairs to Custodian's quarters, do. Do. do Aseistant Custodian's quarters, do. Do. do polico chonki and watchman's quarters do. Do. special repairs to caves, do. Do removing the fallen rock and debris at the entrance of the cascs, do. Kaira and Panch Mabăls District- Champánir, caretaker for the Jämi masjid Do. special repurs to Nagina masjid Do. special repairs to Kerda masjid Do. special ropnirs to Eastern gateway Ualol, special repairs to Shikandar Säb's tomb Ahmedabad District Ahmedabad, maintenance of watchmen for old buildings Do. providing drainage connection in the Rani Sipri's mosque I samhat Iaminpur 70 00 1,687 0 0 1,024 0 0 358 0 1,123 0 0 ... .. . .. 155 12 9 37 15 0 1,027 32 637 7 9 780 13 1 963 500 * Thani District- Thiņi, repairs to graves of two Chrofs of Salsette in the English Church at Thãņa * Brosch District Broach, special repairs to Jami masjid Do. erectiog a memorial tablet on Dutch Factory. 1,199 15 11 116 14 Central Division, Poona District Kärlı, repairs to cares Bbája, repairs to caves Bedsi, repairs to cares Sinbgad, repairs to Fort Jannar, repairs to caves Do. repairs to Shivperi Fort Sholapur District Sholapur, destroying the growth of shrubs on the walls and bastions of the Fort Násik District Násk, corrent repairs to Panda Lena Caves 513 02 99 15 5 99 2 5 99 14 0 64 46 147 12 0 2000D ... 134 00 Carried over • 18,220 6 1 ·12 Rs. 4. P. Brought orer ... 18,220 6 7 200 0 0 . East Khãudesh Districts Pātan, repairs to the temple of Valerara Test Khaudesh District Balsāne, repairs to old temples Thalner, special repairs to Volammadan tombs 22 15 0 728 107 Southern Division, 8 & . . .. Bijâpar District Bijapur, constructing a gun trophy 1,464 0 0 no. preparing glass {rywes for the old asar Unbål carpets 93 00 Do. proridiug lightning conductor for the mosque in the Ibräbim Rauza 43 0 Do. proriding stoce lamp stands for certain old buildings 24 0 0 Do. proriding railing around Shikandar Adil Sbal's tomb 167 0 0 Do. conreying inscription stones from, Nāiaträd to the Masenm, Bijūpur 27 00 Do. caretaker for the Bijapur Naseum 120 00 Do. repairs to i:agarthana conserted into Museum 1ST 0 0 Do. restoration of the Gol Gambaz 3,300 0 0 Do, compensation for Nan Gambaz 69 0 0 Do. current repairs to the old Qulamwadau buildings 1,237 0 0 Do special repairs to the Jul-Vandir 1,30+ 0 0 Do. repairing minarets of Mehtar Vabal 167 0 0 Do, special repairs to the Jhorapur gaterray 251 0 0 Do. special repairs to Asär Mabal 51 0 0 Eādami, pay of the caretaker for the cares 7200 Belganu Districian Degāni, special repairs to Kallaguội temple 1,636 00 Dhärtär District- Gadag, repairs to the temple of Sarastati 697 0 0 Do. repairs to the temple of Sones'rara ... 1,005 ŏ 0 Ratuagiri District Dabhol, special repairs to the old mosque 26 00 Kärrar District Blatkal, repairs to slab tombs 5 2 1 Honirar, repairs to the Jonument of General Hill 101 15 ore .. .. . . Indus Left Bank Division. Hrderabad Districtman Hyderabad, repairs to the tomb of Glulam Sbab Kalhora Do. repairs to the tomb of Ghulam Nabi Kalhora's tomb Do. pas of the caretaker for Glulaa Shab Kalborī's tomb par of the caretaker for Ghulan Nabi Kalbori's tomb 15 00 25 00 Do. 0 Indus Right Bank Division. 760 .. . ... Karichi Cabals District Tutta, par of the caretakers for archeological buildings oa Vskļi Hills *llini, repairs to mongweo's *Dabb, repairs to monoments *Karachi, repairs to Napier obelisk Detention Camp, Kjāmári *Vatir, repairs to tomb near the station *Tárdo-slashār, repairs io tomb of Ensign David Irving Do. repairs to tomb of Charles James Reguold 20 S 10 30 Archaeological Escavation. Escaration work at Brälwanabid, Sind 946 9 3 Total 32,484 12 7 Total sanctioned grant, Imperial and Provincial 32,343 0 0 Balance upspent 55 55 ... • Oxitted in the Soperintendias Ecgiaeer's lis.

·13 30. The restoration of the great cornice of the Gol Gumbaz, on the south Bijapur. side, at Bijāpur, has been completed, and no more will be done at present, 31. The Jod Gumbaz still continues to be used as a residence, but a site has been selected for the Judge's new bungalow, and it is hoped it will not be long before it is ready for his use. 32. The untidy collection of great guns and other objects, which, for so many years, littered the area before the Gagan Mahal, has been arranged as a gun trophy beneath the Museum (nagarkhānā). 33. During the monsoou of 1908 a great mass of rock fell from above the Elephanta Caves, front of the Elephanta Caves, which was removed during the cold weather. The rain, which was responsible for this, percolates freely into the interior of the cave through natural fissures in the rock, and is rapidly rotting and disintegrating it. The work of rebuilding the missing and damaged columns in the great cave has not been begun at all too soon, as masses of the unsupported rock are liable to fall at any moment, 31. The fine old temples of the Chalukyan dynasty, which are found so Chalukyap Temples. plentifully distributed over the Dharwār and Belgaum districts, have long needed attention to arrest decay and further ruin, but little has been done to them. During the year, however, three of the best-at Degān and Gadag-were taken in hand. 35. Sind came in for a very small share of atten- Sind, tion owing to more urgent demands elsewhere 26. Eighty-nine estimates for conservation work in the Circle passed through my hands, most of which were approved. Estimates, Copies of these were made, as usual, and retained in my office. 36. Printed and manuscript conservation notes were prepared and submitted to Collectors and Executive Engineers upon Conservation Notes, buildings at Ahmedābād and Dholkā, and on the Junnar caves and Babanımadan buildings Similar notes were prepared upon the Ajantă and Dhaunār caves, and were forwarded, respectively, to the Resident at Hyderābād and the Political Agent at Indore. Copies are attached for the perusal of Government. Notes have been prepared, but are not yet printed, upon the old Sun temple at Mudherà in His Highness the Gaikwad's territory, and upon some newly visited remains in the Panch Mahāls, The Old Dutch Factory at Vengurlā was visited and reported upon. 37. The list of works it is proposed to take in hand during the year 1909-1910 is as follows. They are listed in order of Works proposed. urgency :- (From Prouincial Rerenues.) Northern Division- Rs. Presidency Ghärāpuri, ordinary repairs to the Elephanta Caves aud Pers 2,000 Do. do. to custodian's quarters Do. do. In the assistant's quarters Do do. to police chauk: and watchman's quarters Abmadabad Ahmadabad, pay of caretakers for archeological buildings ... 105 Kaira and Panch Maháls- 100 Champānir, watchman's pay Central Division- Poopa-- Kir)), ordinary repairs to the cares and custodian's pay Nafik- ... 111 Nasik, repairs to and maintenance of Påņda Leņi Cares #7684 VO 85 15 10 500 I ·he Inclus Night BluniDivisioni من تناول Tutta, may of the Wakerly built !!! 11:11 Titus Last Post Division Curs:1 Ilositsilised 0 :;!... - Ilyelesaia), Pepit. De asi 4. Gyl: Ali'nin . Contm livinius 117.klidir Soutlrt. Dit 15.;ri, Boltar. !! Bisig ist, damskiptas,:*** !!, 1,5" > Girin, kaps... t .. .. * . w Virth, this: linn. Rodel:::... ... Basis: AB V Suit!** 111. . L# India Ribt ist: Liv... 1:41,7 Lotte 1.6 ir 7":0,- M .. Wurttalniri -- Corp.inir, tato Comisir sali; $ . . Alud, current it to oldies Suntlem litirir1.1 mm Bijajo Bapt, corrent tigairs to old building Northern Division Allibil Aludabil, 14ti llurit's well Ilu, dini Sipri's mnoquo Do. Si's tous Southern Division- Bijapur Bijnpar, experimenting on the cornice of the Ibribim Ronzi .. . .. 700 TE Total 20,000 ·15 (From Imperial Revenues) Rs. ... 2,400 ti Northern Division- Surat and Broach Broach, special repairs to Jāmi Masjid . Kair, and Panch Mabals- Champānir, special repairs to Jāmi llasjid ... Southern Division- Bijapur- Bijapur, Ibrahim Rauză (brackets of mosque and roof of first floor gallery of tomb) ... 2,800 ... O. .. . 4,800 Total . 10,000 From Provincial Revendes 20,000 Grand Total 30,000 IV.-BOMBAY. NATIVE STATES. 7 1 38. The Political Agents, Pālanpur, Mahi Kanthā, Rewā Kánthā, Cutch Palappur, Mahi Kantha, and Săvantvāņi, report that no conservation works Cutch, Sayaptvadi, Rewa or other archæological undertakings were carried out Kantha. in any of the States under their respective jurisdic. tions during the official year. 39. In Käthiávār, the Political Agents for the Gohilwid and Hälar Prānts also report that no conservation work was Kathia war. undertaken in their Agencies. The Political Agent, 'hat His Highness the Nawab Saheb of of conservation proposed by me for Patan, which is connected with the Ghazni, and had directed the State Engineer to carry out the same at an estimated cost of Rs. 4,300. He further reports, on the 14th July 1909, that Rs. 100 have been spent on this work. 40. From the Political Agent, Jhālāwād Prant, I learn that the Wadhwan Darbāc has spent Rs. 1,021 in repairs to the old Rāņaka Devi temple and the Hadı Mātā's temple. 41. A return from the Baroda State, too late for inclusion in last year's report, states that during the year 1907-1908, Rs. 286 Baroda. were expended upon the Rang Mahal building at Kadi. The magnificent stone ceiling scroll, which had been lying for many years at the tomb of Shekh Farid at Păţan, was acquired for the Baroda Museum for Rs. 500. An illustration of this, from one of our drawings, 18 published in the Technical 'Art Series for 1886, plate V. During this last year I visited Mudherā, in North Gujarāt, and prepared notes for the conservation of the beautiful old temple of Surya at that place. These will be printed shortly, and submitted to the Resident. 42. Another return, too late for the last report, was received from the Political Agent, Kolhapur and Southern Marathā Country, Kolhapur and S. M Country stating that no amount was spent on ancient buildings or on things appertaining to Archæology during 1907-1908. His report is to the same effect for the year 1908-1909. V.CENTRAL INDIA. 43. The return from the Political Agent, Bundelkhand, for the year 1907. 1908 arrived too late for last year's report It states Po the work, Khajráha, cal Agent, • P-1.h.

·16 says he deserves great credit for his intelligent and practical manner of dealing with difficult problems as they arise. Inced harılly say thnt Mr. Jardine himself still interests himself with unabated zcal in the work, and is really thio poving spirit. His Highness the Mahārājā is as interested as ever in all that is being done, and does all he can to facilitate matters. Mr. Marshall, Director-General of Archeology, visited Khajrähä сarly in the year, and was satisfied with all he saw. The open air Museum, containing all the hundreds of loose sculptures gathered together there, has been completed. When all the work is accon. plished, Ihajrāhā will be a good examplo of careful and intelligent conservation and preservation. 44. The Government of India liave sanctioned a grant-in-aid towards these works for the year 1909-1910 of Rs. 8,000. 46. In Bägholkhand the only works of conservation carried out were in connection with the protection of the ancient inscrip- BACHELKHAND. tions at Alähghāt and Piawai. 46. The Political Agent, Bhopā wār, sends in a statement showing the progress of the work of conservation of ancient monu- DHAR, Mandu. ments nt Dhär and Mandu. Four buildings were under repairs, viz., the Tower of Victory and Hoshang's Tomb at Dandu, and the Lat Masjid and Kamal Maula at Dhir, a total only of Rs. 402 having been spent. The Director-Genaral visited Mändlu in the early part of this year, and found matters rather unsatisfactory. IIo has, however, drawn up full notes for future work, which, it is to be hoped, will be strictly adhered to. The present unsatisfactory state of the work lias been caused mainly by the frequent changes in the personnel since Captain Barnes' departure. Not only has the Political Agent been changed but the Executive Engincor and the Supervisor, who were doing such good work, havo also left. No continuity on the original lines has been maintained, and much confusion has crept in. 47. The Resident at Indore reports that no archeological work was carried out in that State during the year 1907-1908 INDORE and 1908-1909, 48. The report of the Political Agent in Bhopāl for 1907-1908 arrived too late for use in my Inst Progress Report. He stated BHOPAL, Sanobl. that Rs. 98 were expended upon the conservation of the Sänchi slūpa, During 1908-1909 no repairs were executed in this Agency, v\ .-ROJPUTANA. BHARAT 49. The following States have sent in blank JAISALMER PUR, DHOLPUR, KARAULI, returns concerning the conservation of ancient monu- KISHANOARH, ALWAR, ments or archæological work generally: Jaisalmer BUNDI, TONK AND SHAHA. Bharatpur, Dholpur, Karauli, Kishangarh, Alwar, PURA. Bundi, Tonk and Shāhapurā. 50. In Mārwăr repairs were made to the cenotaph of DTahārāj Ajitsing at Mandor near Jodhpur. At this old site MARWAR, Nandor. excavations were carried out last cold weather under the supervision of the Director-General of Archæology. It was here that Mr. D. R. Bhändärkar discovered the interesting old Gupta sculptures described shortly by him in my Progress Report for 1906-1907, and more fully, with illustrations, in the Archeological Survey Annual for 1905-1906. 51. The repairs to the famous Dilvārā temples at Mount Abū are going SIROHI, Abu. on slowly. This is a case where a certain amount of restoration cannot be avoided, but it is being carried out as far as possible in keeping rith the old work. The temples are in full use, and it is but natural for the community to wish to keep it in what might be called working order. It is difficult at times to get the temple authorities to see as we do, and to keep a propped-up broken beam for its hoary associations, rather than replace it by a new and sound one. + ·17 . 52. The Hanumangarh Fort in the Bikánon Stats han aant:--- attention in the BIKANER, Hanumangarh Fort, Devikund. of Thakur Jioraj : Repairs to the cenotaphs at Devikund were carried out under the sanction of the drehkmă Kbàs of Bikāner. 53. The work on the modern temple of Padmanāthji, near the Kishorepura gate of Kotáh city, mentioned in my last Progress KOTAH. Report, has been continued. 54. At the ruins of Chandrāvati in the Jhālāwār State, a general clearance has been made around the old ruined shrines by road JHALAWAR, Chandravati. gangs under instructions from the Diván of Jhalawar, 1 last by me VII.-HYDERABAD, DECCAN. 56. The far-famed Ajanţå Caves, ir 1:. *** on the southern Alapta Caves, the necessary measures for their conservation were prepared. They were subsequently printed and forwarded to the Resident at Hyderābād for favour of transmission to His Highness' Government. I have not heard yet whether any action has been taken upon them. No report has reached us of anything further having been done in the State, VIII.---PROTECTED MONUMENTS, 56. I am able to report very considerable progress under this head since writing my last report. The following is a list of Monuments declared "Protected " by Government (see Government Resolution No. 1221 of the 4th March, 1909, General Department, and confirmed after the prescribed notice, under section 3 (?) of the Ancient Monuments Preservation Act No. VII of 1904, had been duly exhibited, by their Resolution No. 2704 of the 26th May, 1909, General Department) :- Place where the monument 18 situated Serial No. Name or description of the monument. Class of monument or other termarks Tilaki. Town or village. Ahmedabad District. 1 Daskrohi 1 (6) Abmedabad City Rāņi Rūpavanti's mosque in Blırzāpur and Suburbs. Råņi Sipri's mosque and tomb Mubāfiz Khan's mosque AL-HOLID), .. pa I (a) 2 3 I (a) DI ) *** 5 6 7 8 9 I (6) I (0) I (0) 1 (6) 1 (6) I(8) 11 > .. 11 10 3 9 ...The Shahpur or bazı Alabammad Chisti's masjid. The Queen's mosque in Sarangpur... Kutb Shah's mosque Sayyid Usman's mosque and tomb ... Shah Alaw'a trmhith all entrand- T > 1 (a) I (6) 16) I() 13 12 18 12 J. 14 15 165 17 18 19 V 31 He 1 (6) I (0) II (4) II (6) II (a) II (0) II (a) II (6) I (a) 53Kdi Audu's Musyu ... Pbați masjid Dargă Kbåd's tomb Achyut Bibi's masjid and tomb Malik Alan's mosque Baba Lului's masjid J1 1) ... 41 22 + B 768–5 ·15 Place Whero the monument is situatai. Script No. Nains or description of the monument. CIRAI of monumen! or other remarks. Taluku, Town or vill16C. Alimedabad District continued. 23 Daskrohi II (0) t. 24 25 26 27 ... I (0) . 28 JI II (a) ... 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 | Sanand I (a) I (a) I (0) I (a) Almodábad City Onlik Isan-ul-Mulk's mosquo aud Suburbs. Mita Bharánt's roll II (6) Dada Ilarir's well I (a) Tādā llnrir's mosqne and tomb To'nb of Mir Abu Tural II (0) Brick minúrs on Railway station platform. Dutch towbs at tho Kinkrii Tonk I (a) Thọ Tin Darwizu I (0) Azmukhan's palace Tho Sloti Shuhi Big Siddi Sayyid's masjid Ahmed Shah's mosqn ... Markalā Tomb of Sheikh Ahmed Khatu Ganj I (6) Boksi. Sarkhej Pavilion before tho Inst... The Great Mosque I0) Tomb of Muhommnd Bigaralı Tomb of Bibi Rajbãi I (0) The Great Tank, palaco and harem Mosquo of Baloi Klan Kāzi The Jami masjid Klin masjid Makarbú The Rauzas of Bāra Alisar and Bärä 11 ) Ganj Breshin. ... Virningar Tho Nansur Zalāv and shrincs II (6) Mandal The Jami, Sayyid, Kazi and Ganjni II (0) masjid. Batra Tombs Adalaj Step-well with inscription Päldi Small stono niosgoc Kochräb Siddi Basir's minars and tombs ... I) 36 Daskrohi. 37 39 39 40 21 I (8) II (6) I (a) I (a) II (0) .. 43 14 Sanand 45 Viramgam 46 47 Daskroli 48 49 50 II (a) I (a) I(Q) II (a) 33 .. Kaira District. 1 Mehmadabad... Sojali 2 Il(a) 17 3 Kairā 4 Kapadranj 5 Thásra .. ...) Tomb of Diabărak Sayyid Tombs of Snil-ud-din and Nizam-ud- II ) din. The Bhamaria well 11 (8) ... A sculptured arch II (a) Templo Galtesrara Mehmndabad Kapadranj Sarnal II (0) ... Panch Mahals District. 1 Hälol Desar Bharks Champapir 00 OUTLA pode 9) The Rudra Mālā Old ruined temple of Maladeva The Jámi masjid Sakar Klár's dargah Shāher-ka-masjid The Mândri or Custom House The east and south Bhadar Gates ...] The Nagini masjid Kerdã masjid The fort of Pārågad and the ruined II (a) Hindu and Jaina temples on the top. Tomb of Shibandar Shah II (a) II (6) II (a) II (a) II (a) II (0) 11 (2) II (a) II (a) ... 10 J 11 Hälol II (6) Broach District. 1 1 Broach 2 Broach ... The Jami masjid The Dutch tombs I (0) II (a) ·19 Place where the monument is situated Serial No. Name or description of the monumenta Class of Monument of other remarks, Talaka Town of village, Surat District. 1 Chorási 2 Surat . . II (a) II (a) Old English and Datch tombs The old Arbunian tombs Vaaz's tomb .. 3 Olpad " Dhar 19 II (a) . Thana District, ... Thănă H. PO. . 1 Sålsette 2 19 3 > 4 Bassein 5 Kalyan 6 Salsetto 7 II (0) I (a) II (a) I (a) I (a) I (b) Tombs of the Chiefs of Sālsette Kanheri The Buddhist Caves Kondite Caves Bassein Fort and old Portuguese remains Ambarnath ... The temple of Ambarnāth A group of memorial stones Old Portuguese Churches, Watch Tower and Caves Blandapeśvara Dlajas ... Jogeswari Capes Arnalá .. Borivli . . .. >> ... Caves II (0) II (0) IT (3) 8 9 10 Bassein .. de OUDI .. Fort II (a) .. . I (a) II (a) JI (@) I (a) I (a) II (a) II (a) I (a) II (a) aad TY. Alimadnagar District. 1) Ahmaduagar... Mehekari Salábat Khan's Tomb 2 ...Ahmadnagar ** DA 3 $ Kopargaon Kokamthân 5 Akola Ratanyadi 100 Temple of Amlilesvald 6 T&hākan Triple-shrined temple of Bhavani 7 8 Shrigondo 9 dulavau. 10 Pärner Dhoke .... Dhokeávara Care Nasik District. 1 Sinnar Sinpar ...The temple of Gondesvara Mahadeva.. The Temple of Aesvara ... 3 Yeola Ankai Caves 4 Malegaon ... Jhodgi The Temple of Mānikebyara Mabadeva. Poona District. II (a) I (a) I a) . I (a) I (a) 1 Naval 2 Kārli ...Bhaja 1. » ... 99 .. Južnar . 1(a) I (a) I (a) II (a) II (a) II (@) II (a) I (a) II (a) II (a) 11 (a) II (a) II @) II (0) Cave Temples and Inscriptions Do. do. Bedsa Do do, Shelărwadi Excavations and Inscriptions Lobgad Fort Visápur Fort Răjmichi Fort Junnar Cave Temples and Inscriptions Fort of Shivneri Saudagar Gumbaz Habshi Gumbáz Poona Old European Tombs The Cave Temple of Bhamburda Sinkgad Fort Kbed Delawar Khan's Tomb ... Koregaon ... Monument Satara District. 4 5 6 7 8 Junnar 9 10 1 12 Haveli 13 14 15 Kbed 16 Sırür > 91 ce Puu » II (a) .. II (a) 1 Satára 2 Jāyli 3 Karád Sätārā Pratapgad Jakbinyadi The old sådä on Satårå Fort Afzalkbán's Tomb Buddhist Caves I (a) I (a) II (a) .. ve ·20. Placo where the monument is situnted. Sorin! No, Nano or description of the monumcok Cinks of monament or other rcmarke Taluka. Town or village. Bijapur District, Bijapur I (6) ... 1 Bijapur 2 8 4 ... I (6) I (0) .. ... ...1 II. Tho Sonhori masjid Ilaidnr Khan's 'Tomb Tomb of Pir Shaikh Ilamid Kadir ... A small Tomb, No. 17 ... Tomb, No. 48 Tho Nau Gumbaz Tho Gumat Biori ... Tho Khidki masjid Mosquo No. 366 The 'Snugat and Näri Maláls at Torweh Afzulkhan's TVirca' Tombs Ain-ul-Mulk's Tomb 6 7 8 9 10 I (0) I (1) II (0) II (0) II (0) II (6) ... 11 . .. ... ... .. 1 12 1.. II (6) II (0) II (0) Dharwar District, ... .. .. 1.. ... ... I (1) I(0) II (6) 11 (0) II (6) II (6) II (0) I (0) I(a) 1(0 II (0) .. 11 ... ... ... .. II (6) II (6) II (6) 11 (6) I (6) I (0) Ia) I (6) I (6) ... .. .. 1 Fubli Unkal Tho Templo of Chandramoulibrari ... 2 Tho Temple of Kalanesvara 3 Amargol Banasamkori Devi 4 ...Sankara linga Templo ... 5 Kalgbatgi ...Tambur Basarannå Templo G | Karajgi Haraļhalli Somośvara Templo 7 Galngnath Galngesrani Teinplc 8 Hareri Siddhośvara Templo 9 Ranebennur Chavadanpur Templo of Mfukteśrara 10 | Hinga! Hänga! Templo of Tarakeśram Old Jaina Templo in Fort 12 ... Old ruined Templo botween the Fort and tank rith tho tro sides of a rers finely sculptured doorway buricd in accommulated cartha 13 Balambid Kolameórra Tomplo 14 ... Ramesrara Temple 15 Nāregn! ... Sarreśvara Temple 16 Kod Raftihalli Kadambesvara 'l'omple 17 Gadag Gadag ... Sarasvati Temple 18 ... Somośrara Temple 19 Lakkuņdi Káśīriſvessara Templo 20 Nanesvars Templo 21 Nignpatha Temple near the Jainn Templo 22 en. Dfåņikeśvara Temple at the Maskinbhänri. 23 Kumbbāragiri-īśvara Temple 24 Tho Maskinbhänvi 25 The Jainn basti 26 Dainba! ... Somcśvara Temple 27 Doddabasapă Templo 28 Navalgund Annigeri Sri-Amritésvara Temple Kolaba District, i Māngaon Kuida Caves 2 | Mabad Pål Caves 3 Räygad Fort of Raygad 4. Panvel Ghārāpuri Elephanta Caves 5 Pen ... Nāgothņā Nãgothaņā Bridge Hyderabad District (Sind). 1 Hyderabad Hyderabad Tomb of Ghulam Shah Kalori 2 Tomb of Ghulam Nabi Kbān Kalborā. 3 Moro Daulatpur Buddhist stūpa 4 Tomb of Nur Muhammad Kalborá ... ... ... I(6) ... .. II (6) از ... 3 > Il (6) II (0) II (0) I (6) I (6) II (6) 33 ... . . ... . I (a) II (0) 11 (al I (a) I (a) . ... I (a) I (a) I (a) I (a) ·21 Plane where the modulgent is situated Serin No C1193 of Name or decrption of the morament ריתpliufנת Taloka Tons or village of other Numa l Sukkar District (Sind). 1 O. 1 Sokkar 2 Rohri Sokkar Rohr Shrine known as “ Satyao-jo-thâ u II (5) I (0) . Larkhana District. I Dada Kuudabad ... Tomb of Yar Mohammad Kalhorå II (c) Thar and Parkar District, Temple 1 Nagar 2 3 Gori Bodecar Varawal Temple - Temple I (0) II (a) II (0) 21 No monuments have been declared as yet in the following districts (luring the year --Sholapur, East Khāndesh, West Khándesli, Belgium, Ratnīgiri, Kāruār and Karācbi. Note - Since the closo of the year under report, lists of declared monuments in the Belgaura and Kinari Districts have been published in the Government Gazette. They will be incladed in the next Progress Report. IX.-EXCAVATION. - PANCH MAHALS 58. Ercavation was 9. Janine the months SIND, Brahmspabad h are weie expended upon the work. I received great assistance trom Alr. Sanijrâm Jivatrām Adváni, Sub-Divisional Officer, Public Works Department, at Shahdādpur, and was also materially helped by Mr. V. B Shivdāsā , L.C.E., Assistant Engineer, Jämrão Canals. X.-ORIGINAL EXPLORATION, 59. Under this head I have to report our visits to old temples at Bliāvhá, Ratanpur and other places in the Panch Mahāls, which had not been examined before. The old ruined shrine at Bhāvkā I risited in company with Mr R. C. Brown, I C.S, the Collector. 60. The renains of the old brick thül at Mirpur Khas in Sind was examined after completing our excavation work at Brābmanābad, SIND, Alfrpur Khas when it was found that there was more promise of interestiny discoveries being made here tban at the latter place. It is reserved for next season. 61. Aihole, an old capital of the Early Chalukyas, situated in an out-of- BIJAPUR. Alhole, the-way corner ot the Bijāpur District, was visited by me a second time after a twenty-seven years' interral, where the ancient temples scattered in and around it presented many, new points of interest, seen the better by the light of so many years' experience. Previous to my first visit, they had been visited by Dr. Burgess, who has I found mannnt hut, owing to the short tiine thoroughly as they deserved. their conservation. 62. The Collector of Kolābā, in January last, reported the discovery of a cave at Oxle in the Panvel talukā, and subsequently in KOLABA, Owls. June, Jr. R. V. Shringarpure, Architect, "Bombay, very kindly seut me a blue print of a plan le had made of it together with a description. From this, and a photograph sent by the Collector, I glean that it B 768_6 ·22 is an unfinished cave in the shape of a verandah, about 44 feet long by 16 feet broad, the open front being supported by a row of square pillars. The cave has only been partially excavated. 63. Fuller notes upon these places will be found in Part II of this report. XI. EPIGRAPHY, 64. The following is Mr. Bhāndārkar's summary of the year's epigraphical work as carried out in the Circle: This season sixty-nine inscriptions were copied in the usual course of the annual survey tour ; but, in addition to these, estampages were prepared in duplicate of the Asoka edicts at Junagadh, under the instructions of the Bombay Government, General Department, communicated in their letter No. 5086 of 12th August 1908, and were despatched to the Director-General of Archæology to be forwarded to Professor E. Hultzsch who has undertaken the work of revising the Corpus Inscriptionuin Indicarum, Volume I. Estampages of the Sāñchi and Rūpnäth edicts, which had been made some years ago, and were lying in our office, were also sent to the Director-General. 65. Of the sixty-nine inscriptions copied, ten are copper-plate grants and the rest are incised on stone. Of the last, seventeen are from Aihole in the Bijāpur District and the remaining from Rājputānā. Of the stone inscriptions in Rājputānā, that from Sāmoli, now deposited in the Ajmer Museum, is the most important. It is dated V.S. 703 (4. D. 646), and refers itself to the reign of Silāditya, one of the earliest Gubila princes of Mewar. Two more inscriptions from the same Museum deserve a passing notice. They are from Arthūņā, and pertain to that Paramāra dynasty, a record of which is noticed in the Indian Antiquary, Volume XXII, P: 80. Of the inscriptions in Mārwār, those that are worthy of note are :-(1) an inscription discovered in a temple at Āuwā with the date V. S. 1132 for an early Sonigarā Jindrapāla, son of Analila ; (2) an epigraph in the topkhänā at Jālor, dated V. S. 1274, describing an altogether new Paramāra line; and (3) another inscription at the same place, furnishing the date V. S. 1239 for the Sonigarā Samarasimha. This is, in fact, the first inscription found of that king. Of the copper-plate charters, that from Kahdal is the most interesting. It does not register a graut, as almost all other copper-plates do, but sets forth rules and regulations regarding fiscal, civil and criminal procedure issued by Vishnusheņa at the request of the bania class. Near the end of the inscription are the sign-manual of Vishņusheņa and the date V. S. 659 (A, D. 602), followed by the sign-manual of his overlord Sämantāvanti and his date K, S. 357 (A. D. 606). 66. Mr. R. C. Brown, I. C.S., Collector of the Panch Mahāls, was good enough to send to our office tracings of two inscriptions from Lilvader. Both of them are of the 14th century; yet they are not uninteresting in their own way. Major H. D. Merewether, Political Agent of the Mahi-Kánthä Agency, was also kind enough to send us two copper-plates found in the bungalow of the late Chief of Kahdal. The inscription thereon has been noticed above. X11.-NUMISMATICS. 67. With reference to the preparation of a catalogue of coins in the Poona Coin Cata logue. Museum, attached to my office, I regret to say that little progress has been made, which is in great measure due to want of time, and partly to the fact that the coin books obtained on loan from the library of the Director-General were re-called, leaving us with but few books of reference to work with. Now that the Goverpment of India have given me sanction to purchase books under certain limitations, I am obtaining those most urgently wanted for our library. In the meantime the work will be taken up from time to time as other more pressing work will permit. 68. Three hundred and forty-four coins, in gold, silver and copper, were received from the Agent to the Governor-General for Deciplierment of coins. Central India, for decipherment and return, in connection with the collection being made for the new Daly Museum at Indore.

·23 Treasure Trove. 69. The following report has been received from the IIonorary Secretary, Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, with reference to the distribution of Treasure Trove by the Gorernment of Bombay during the year ending June 1909 "The number of coins reported on and distributed under the Treasure Trovo Act during the year coding June 1909 was 515. Of these 199 were received from the Collector of Ahmednagar, 110 from the Collector of Nauk, 65 from the Collector of Poona, 24 from the Collector of Larkana, 18 from the Mamlatdar of Mahin, Thana District, 30 from the Collector of Sitara and 46 from the Collector of Belgauw. Twelve of the coins received from the Collector of Larkana, which were debased specimens of the silver Moghul coins pero returned to bim as they were not worth acquiring for presentation to the institutions receiving the trcasure trove coins. The other coins are classified as follows: Aletal. Sawanan Coins of Southero t'sthan King. Indis of T'aimatanhas. Dubl. Voghul Frope ors et Hialusta. Boxer YAIT States of Jadi. Total 6 2 Gold Silver Copper 19 491 12 333 97 .. ... - Total 6 10 382 97 503 And they have been distributed as shown in the subjoined statement. Jastitat on. Gold Eilver Copper. Cut Total. 63 The Prince of Wales Museum, Bombay The Indian Museum, Calcutta The Madras Mucou in The Provincial Diascum, Lucknow The Lahore Aaseum The Nagpur Museum T 1 Stanne 69 07 Siim 35 3 60 38 33 27 21 19 18 28 16 15 m I. 30 IS IS 16 15 15 16 13 13 18 13 155 23 138 Total .. 12 491 303 “Besides thesc, 18 coins found in the Sholapur District, and 703 in the Bijapur District, hure been recommended for acquisition. Their classification by the metal and the series to which they belong and their distribution will be specified in the next report. .) con the fo-called flot of the Jiead is nothing more than a jen elledargrette somes liat like that on Plate XXV, Figurc d, in Cunninghan's "Jahabodhi." The coiny probably belong to about the 5th century AD.

·24 Poona. “Among the coins of the Pathan Kings of Delhi, received from Mamlatdar of Taluka Mahim, Thana District, may be mentioned 4. gold co 3 large and 1 small. They are excellent specimens of the coins of Mubmn bin Tughlak (A, H. 725-752, A. D. 1324-1351). The two small cup-shap gold coins known as the Padmatankas or "Lotus pieces of Southern India, four in the same Taluka, are also in good condition. The coins of Native States found in the Poona, Satara and Belgaum Districts are of some interest as specimens of varieties in which various Native States issued coins for use in their territory but which are not now current. They have the usual fragments of the coin legends of the latter Moghul Emperors without date or mint place. Thirty-seven of these coins found in the city of Poona are curious specimens which are said to belong to the · Peishi was.' In addition to fragmentary legends on the obverse and reverse, they have on the reverse a symbol, a pair of scissors, (?) with Hijri dates in Marathi, The dates are 1231 and 1241-1244 (A. D. 1815 and 1825-1828). " The two finds at Nasik and Ahmednagar were also important. They comprise some 300 specimens of the Moghul Emperor Aurangzeb of various mints and dates." 70. In the Junnar tāluka of the Poona District, within the village site of Agar, on the 12th March, 1908, was found treasure consisting of 44 rupees of Akbar with other articles of no interest numismatically. 71. In the same district, at the village of Chākaņ in the Khed tälukā, was found, on 16th August 1908, treasure consisting of 15 rupees (14 of 1840 and 1 with Muhammadan inscription). 72, At the village of Gārkhed, in the Jāmner tālukā, was found, on or about the 4th of February 1908, treasure consisting of East Khandesh. 66 rupees bearing the late Queen's head and three rupees with that of King William. 73. In a field, Survey No. 77 of Amadgaon, tälukā Bhusāvaļ were found, n 3rd March 1908, 557 dhabu pice of old Bādshāhi type and one hāndavadi rupee. 74. At Bhadgāon, täluka Pãchorā, on the 17th March 1908, was found a tain treasure but of no archæological interest. 75. On 26th March 1909 there were found, near the town of Erandole, old silver coins, which, from the impression they bear, appear to belong to cime of one of the Mughal emperors. 26. In the Sehvan tālulcã, and at the same town, was found, on 20th Larkhana. February 1908, treasure consisting of 12 silver coins appearing to belong to the time of Mulammad Shāh, ly the same who ruled in the beginning of the 14th century. At the village of Wālkhed in the Sindkbed tālukä, on the 28th January 1908, were found silver coins amounting to st Khandesh, rupees 438. On the 6th of July 1908, at the village of Betwād, in the Sindkhed as found treasure consisting of 2,561 double pieces of old copper coins, es and 1 Ukhali. 10 Korphale a village in the Bārsi tälukā, were found, on 26th July 1908, old silver coins (june shikhas) numbering 87, pur. and valued at rupees 55. a field, Survey No. 803 of the village of Dhawalpuri, tālukā · were found 5 gold hūns and 1 silver sagar, Alamgiri rupee. field, Survey No. 125 of the village Vithe, tālukā Akolā, were October 1908, 28 rupees with an impression in Urdu chat issued by the Emperor Alamgir. Pārner, $ .

·25 82, On 16th March, 1909, certain treasure was found at Masse in the Shrigonde tālukā, but of no interest archeologically. 83. In the month of April 1908, at the village of Vibe in the Patan tälukā, treasure trove was unearthed consisting of gold and silver jewellery but of no archæological interest. 81. On the 7th May 1903, at the village of Vatul in the Rafāpur tālukā, was found treasure consisting of simple jewellery but Ratnagir. of no special interest. Satara. IT 1 XIII-MUSEUMS. 85. Progress has been made with the new Prince of Wales Museum at Bombay. Bombay. A fresh design has been made and the excavations for the foundations have been begun In ind coins are heing set aside by Brancb, Royal Asiatic Society. coins have been allotted under copper, and these are being kept by the Society until the Museum is ready. Sculptures, inscribed stones, etc., which are also being stored by the Society for the Museum, have had no additions made to them, there being no more room for them The Honorary Secretary forwarded a circular letter to all the Collectors, asking them to keep all such contributions in the Mamlatdārs' kacheris until required. 86. Exhibits collected for the Prince of Wales Museum of Western India, and in charge of the Honorary Secretary are as follows Original drawing by Mr. Sidney Hall of one of the panels on the pedestal of the equestrian statue of the Prince of Wales (King Edward), purchased from Mr. William Glassley for £3-3-0, 1, e., Rs. 47-8.0 in June 1906. Plaster cast of Buddha's head by Mrs. Lockwood Kipling, presented by Mrs. Gratten-Geary on 19th July 1906. Four dealwood cases containing stone fragwents obtained from the district of Behan, received from the Assistant Resident of Aden in June 1908 and deposited in the Record Ofice, Bombay, for safe custody. Documents extracted from the nine files relating to the Persian and Abyssinian Espedition considered suitable for presentation to the Museum, received from the Commissioner in Sind on 21st July 1903. One hundred-rupee note of the old Bank of Bombay, 1 fifty-rupee note of the old Bank of Bombay, I twenty-five rupec note of the old Bank of Bombay, 1 ten-rupee note of the old Bank of Bombay, purchased from Mr. D. P. Shroff for Rs. 186 on 15th October 1908. Threo old palw-leaf books, received from the Māmlatdār of Nawalgund in Aprl 1909. 87. During the year 1908 the coin cabinet of the Society's own Museum was increased by 77 coins, viz, 4 gold, 54 silver, 18 copper and 1 of mixed metal. To their Museum was added an onyx seal bearing a portrait engraved upon it, presented by a lady. 88. Nothing of interest has been added to the antiquarian section of the Victoria and Albert Museum during the year. 89. The Poona Museum, in my own charge, has received the following additions, viz., 9 gold, 144 ailver and 17 copper coins : total 170. of 57 silver Kshatrapa coins from Junāgad, which formed part of the Mr, Scott in the Jour». BB. R. A.S. wood porch from some Jaipa temple in Jujur Director-General of Archäology. Other additions to the Museum were å quantity of old carved bricks, coins, beads, etc., from Brābwanābād and Virpur Klās, Sind, and a beautiful little ribbed glass bowl, the only whole article of glass as yet recorered from the ruins at the former place. 90. The Bijapur Museum stand, very much where it was at the close of the last official Fear, owing to the fact that it has no funds Bijapur. whatever for acquiring ner objects, or even to pay for 765-7 Poona.

·26 their carriage to Bijāpur from the districts around. Proposals to remedy this have been sent in by me to the Collector. A certain number of coins have been received under the Treasure Trove Act, which for safety are at present in the Collector's charge, until arrangements are made for their safer custody at the Museum. 91. The Honorary Secretary, Watson Museum of Antiquities, Rājkot, Käthiāwār, reports that the following were acquired Rajkot for the Museum, viz., one old mansucript in Guru Mukhi characters; eleven pages of a manuscript of Satāpatha-Brāhmana; one old manuscript in Kanarese characters on palm leaves; eight pages of the Smärta-Sītra ; thirty pages of the Yajurveda-Samhita ; one old manuscript, in Gujarati of Okha-haraṇa (poem) written in Sanskrit characters, of eighteen pages; twenty-one pages of the Sarasvata (Sanskrit) grammar; one page of a manuscript in Sanskrit, being a treatise upon the depth of water underground; one Nepalese coin, and some current coins of Native States. 92. One addition is reported to the Barton Museum, Bhavnagar, viz., a copper-plate grant with seal, which was found at the Bhavnagar. village of Goras, Mahuvā District, under the Bhāvnagar State. 93. No additions have been made to the Victoria Udaipur. Jubilee Hall Museum at Udaipur, 94. The open air Museum at Khajarāhā, Bundelkhand, has been completed, and the images which had been collected on the spot Khaſaralia. have been arranged in it. 95. A somewhat similar Museum was proposed for Sāñchi to protect the sculptures gathered about the great stūpa which I have already mentioned in my last Progress Report. That design had been mislaid, owing perhaps to the death of Mr. Cook, the State Engineer, and I have sent in another in its stead, 96. The Rājputānā Museum was opened at Ajmer by Mr. Colvin, Agent to the Governor-General in Rajputānā, on the 19th Almer. October 1908, and already it is as full of exhibits as it can be. It is proposed to enlarge it by adding to its capacity some or all of the rooms surrounding the courtyard in which the main building stands. For the antiquarian section there is much to be brought in from the States of Rajputānā, A perusal of Mr. D, R. Bhāndārkar's annual Progress Reports will enable anyone to locate a great deal that might be acquired. He has given some account in Part II of this report of some of the contents of this Museum, Sanchi. XIV.COMPILATION OF LISTS. 97. Mr. D. R. Bhãndārkar's tour in Rājputānā, to gather material for the Lists of Antiquarian Remains in that province, still Rajputana. continues, and very much valuable material has been collected. A detailed account of his last tour is given in Part II of this report. 98. Additions and corrections for the revised Lists of Antiquarian Remains in the Bombay Presidency have been received from Bombay. Mr. L. J. Sedgwick, I.C.S., when Assistant Collector in the Thână District, Mr. J. K. N. Kåbrāji, C. S., Collector of Koläbā, Mr. C. M, Baker, I.C.S., Collector of Larkbānā, and Mr. A. H. A. Simcox, I.C.S., Collector of East Khāndesh. To these gentlemen we tender our grateful thanks for the information sent in. 99. In my last Progress Report, paragraph 69, I mentioned the great help received from Mr. C. W. M. Hudson, I. C. S., Collector of Dharwâr. We are still further in his debt for a very long list of additions and corrections just received from him, and which was made during the season 1908-1909. He has been assisted by six other gentlemen who have voluntarily given their time to the work, viz., Mr. G. C. Shannon, I, C. S., Mr. G. R. Balekundri, Mamlatdār of Kod, Mr. R. B. Kittur, Māmlatdār of Navalgund, Mr. N. V. Chandāvarkar, Mámlatdar of Kalaghatgi, Mr, H. K. Kulhalli, Māmlatdār of Bankāpur, and } ·27 1 Mr, Venkatesh Srinivas Nãik of Ranebennur. This last gentleman is a nonofficial, and than fresh y disinterested help. He e listed remains, chiefly inser s deserving of praise, and I treated. He hos hundmall amo!.. 1 shewing the shape lines, With these wherever it may Ulu upus W cuneul sunt more. rie says the sketches were made for him by the Tălukā Local Board Sub-Overseer. Altogether, Mr. Hudson and his helpers, whom he has jubued with the spirit of research, have found unlisted remains in 160 villages, and no remains were found in other 34 which were searched. To Mr. Hudson, and the gentlemen named above, we proffer our most hearty thanks. XV.--PUBLICATIONS. بارم 1 - 1 100. No separate publications were issued during the year. The article which I had in preparation upon the old temple of Brahmä at Kheș-Brahma was completed and forwarded to the Director-General for publication in his Annual Report. 101. nr. TIthe Cha tion of C Asiatic Society; and one on Lakuliša in the Annual of the Archäological Survey of India, . 1 C XVI.-CONTRAVENTION OF STANDING ORDERS. 102. I am glad to say that I have nothing to report under this head for the last year. XVII.-OFFICE LIBRARY. 6 103. The office library was increased during the year by the following works : Descriptive Catalogae of the Sanskrit Magascripts in the Government Oriental Manuscript Library Madras, 1908. Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts in the Government Oriental Manuscript Library, Madras, 1909. Descriptive Catalogue of Sanskrit Manuscripts in the Library of the Sanskrit College, Calcatta, No. 24. Descriptive Catalogue of Sanskrit Maanscripts in the Library of the Sanskrit College, Calcutta, No. 25. List of Sanskrit Manuscripts in the Adyar Library, Vol. I, Upanishads. Public Works Department Code, Volames I, II and III. Pag Sam Jon Zang, History of the Rise, Progress and Downfall of Buddhism in India, Major Lamb's Pamphlet on Rabies and Anti-Rabic Treatment in India. Selections from Travels and Journals preferred in the Bombay Secretariat by Mr. G. W. Forrest. Report on coins dealt with under the Treasure Trove Act, in the Central Provinces, 1907-1903. Bureau of American Ethnology, Balletia No. 35, Antiquities of Gils, Salt Valleys. The Batan Dialect as a member of the Philippine group of Languages, by Otto Scheerer, Part I. Twenty-sixth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, 1904-1905. Bulletin No. 34, Bureau of American Ethnology. Bureau of Science Division of Ethnology Pablications, Volame IV, Part II, The History of Sulu.

·-- 28 Burcau of Science Division of Ethnology Publications, Volume V, Part III, A Vocabulary of the Igorot Language. Progross Roport of the Assistant Archäological Superintendent for Epigraphy, Southern Circle, for 1907-1908. Progross Report of the Arclımological Survey, Burma Circlo, for 1907-1908. Progress Report of the Archæological Surrey, Southern Circle, for 1907-1908. Progress Report of the Archeological Survey, Frontier Circlo, 1907-1908, Progress Report of the Archeological Survey, Northorn Circle, 1907-1908. Progress Report of the Archæological Survoyor, Northora Circle, for 1907-1903. Archäological Survey Annual for 1904-1905 and 1905-1906. Annual Report of the Director-General of Archæology, Part I, 1906-1907. Volumo II of the "Indian Empiro" Imperial Gazellor. Bower Manuscript, Imperial Volume XXII, Index, Borver Manuscript, Imporinl Volnine XXII, Reviscil 'Iranslation of Parts I to III. Allountain Panoramas from the Pamirs and Kwon Tiren, by Dr. Stein. Four sets of Technical Art Serics, Plates Nos. I to VIII of 1907, with corcr, One copy of Tod's Rajasthan in two volumos. Inilian Antiquary, current numbers, Epigraphia Indica, current numbers, Journal of Indian Art, current numbers. Bibliographie, Volume XX, Port III. Bibliographie, Volumo XX1, Part. I. Jourval of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asintic Sociсty, 1903, Quarterly Lists of the Gazetted Oficors in tho Archwlogical Survey Department. Bombay Quarterly Civil Lists. XVIII.--ANNUAL EXPENDITURE. "104. The expenditure of the Western Circle of the Archäological Survey of India 1908-1909 amounted to Rupees 23,578-13-4. The details are follows: Rs. Salaries 18,623 6 10 Travelling allowances 2,955 14 6 Contingent charges 1,999 S 0 a. p. .. Total 23,578 13 XIX-PROGRAMME FOR 1909-1910. 105. I was unable to visit most of the places proposed in my last Progress Report, The Kaņheri Caves, Desar in the extreme south of the Panch Mahāls, the Adālaj well, Vijnot in Sind and Pattadkaļ were pressed out by want of time, but other places, not included in that programme, were visited, viz., Junnar, Ajmer and Vengurla. Māņu and Khajarāhā were both visited by the Director-General, which made it unnecessary for me to do so. My deputation to Nagpur to serve on the Jurors' Committee of the Central Provinces and Berar Exhibition ; my stay at head-quarters to assist Major Prideaux with his Bahrein pottery, which has been placed in the Museum ; and the enforced halt at head-quarters to allow our tents and heavy kit to come from Sind to the Bijäpur District, somewhat reduced my touring period. 106. The principal work for next season is a tour through the Kanarese districts beginning with Pattadkal, in order to draw up Superintendent's Tour. detailed notes for the conservation of the principal Chalukyan remains scattered over the Dbārpār and Belgaum Districts. This work I would start with in the beginning of November, as it will fit in with Mr. Marshall's (Director-General) proposed visit to Pattadkaļ and Aihole and other Chalukyan remains at Gadag, whither he is anxious I should accompany him. Thence I would proceed to excavate at Mirpur Khās in Sind, which site, though very small compared with Brāhmaṇābād, promises more interesting

·29
1
Y
11
11 11.
results, being the site of a stūpa and several Buddhist monasteries. A short
description of what I found there will be found in Part II. There are tiro
thüls or stūpas within 5 or 6 miles of Muhammad Tándo, south of Hyderabad,
at one of which carved bricks, similar to those at Mirpur Khās, are to be found.
These are to be visited and examined. On my way from the Kanarse Districts
to Sind I have to visit the Kaņheri Caves in connection with the proposed
conservation of them. I shall also have to look in upon the work going on at
Ahmadābād, and visit the Adālaj well, which I was unable to do last season.
This will allow of my k
to be inspected with a
the Vijnot site might b
to be, as in past years, unforeseen calls to other places.
107. Mr. Bbāndārkar will continue his touring in Rājputānā, visiting
places in the Mārwār, Jaipur and Kishangarh States.
Assistant Superlatendents He will first visit Bairāt in the Jaipur State in order
to make estampages of the Aſoka edict at that place
called for by the Director-General of Archaeology.
HENRY COUSENS,
Superintendent, Archæological Survey,
Poona, 1st July 1909.
Western Circle.

·PART 11. *I(a.) 108. The village of Bhāvkā is situated at about 6 miles south-west of Dobad in the Panclı Mahāls. Ata short distance to the Bhavka. west of the village, on a rocky knoll, is an old ruined Saira temple of about the 13th century. It is a small building, having hnd small cell-shrines around it at the south-east, south-west, nortlı-west, and northeast corners, thus forming a panchayatana group. The walls are inoulded and carved in the usual manner of decorated temples of that period, the work being a little coarser and the images less well-proportioned than in such temples as that of Sürya at Mudheră of the 11th century. Nearly the whole of the mandapa and porch has fallen, together with the greater part of the back and north-west corner of the shrine. The four subsidiary slırincs, surrounding the main building, have also fallen, portions only of the lower parts of their plinths remaining. A good deal of the fallen inaterial is upon the spot, and, under the guidance of a good salāt, much might be re-erected ; but it would be a hopeless task if undertaken by anyone else unfamiliar with this style of building and architecture. The carving on every block of stone proclaims its .exact position to one conversaut with the stylc, but to others it would mean nothing. 109. Within the shrine is a linga, while in a niche in the back wall, behind it, is a sculpture representing Śiva and Parvati. On the dedicatory block over the shrine doorway is Ganeſa. 110. From the outside walls of the shiring, the north and west central niches have been thrown down. An image of Malăkāli, lying among the debris, which the villagers have begun to oil, probably occupied the central niche on the north side. The central niche on the south side still has an image of Bhairava in it, holding up the elephant hide behind him. Ainong the other invages still existing are Siva, Kubera with his money bag and elephant, and the bearded Yama. There are also jogis and single female figures in the innermost recessed panels—some quite nude, some are bearded. Obscene pairs of figures occur plentifully around the basement. 111. Within the mandapa are lying a figure of Sürya and a torso which, from wbat appears to be the pointed tops of his long boots on the brokeu legs, is another image of Surya. 112. The two or three standing pillars of the manqapa are very simple and plain, and might belong to any age of building, from the twelfth to the fifteenth century. 113. Under the images upon most of the stones of the temple is the mason's mark or initial sila, such as we have already met with on Tejahpäla's temple at Ābū, on the large temple at Sejakpur in Käthiāwār, and on the Monsar talavat Viramgām. The broad sprawling shape of the is the sawe in all these buildings, and, as the date of the temple, as estimated from the style, agrees, I am strongly inclined to believe that the one mason or architect had to do with all four works. Tejahpāla's temple at Abū we know was built about A. D. ] 230, and this may then be the age of this (Photos. Nos. 3119-3121). 114. The small temple of Mahādeva at Ratavpur is situated at the south- I(a.) west corner of the large irrigation lake about a mile north-west of Ratanpur, and about 4 miles north-west of the railway station of Tuwā near Godbrā. It Ratanpur. faces east, and originally consisted of an open pillared hall and a shrine. Standing out before it, off the north-east corner, is a kīrtistanbha such as still stands at the remains of the and . Classification of monuments for conservation purposes is as follows :- 1.-Those monuments which from their present condition and historical or archæological value ought to be maintained in permanent good repair. II.-Those monuments which it is now only possible or desirable to save from further docay by such minor measures as the eradication of vegetation, the exclusion of water from the Falls, and the like. III. Those monuments which from their advanced stage of decay or comparative animportance it is impossible or unnecessary to preserve. The monuments in classes I and II are further sub-divided, thus- I (a) and II (a).-Monuments in the possession or charge of Government or in respect of Thich Government must undertake the cost all measures of conserration. I(b) and II (1).—Monuments in the possession or charge of private bodies or individuals.

·Lilvadera. 31 old Rudra Māla at Siddhapur and the temple of Súrya at Mudhera. Probably one also stood upon the other side of the entrance, and possibly one before the main entrance. "What appears to be part of the basement of one exists at the south-east corner of the platform upon which the whole stood (Photos. Nos. 3125-3131). 115. The building is now a wreck. The centre of the domical ceiling of the liall and a portion of the marginal roof around have fallen. The roof and back and south walls of the shrine have also fallen. Little can be done to the ruin now but to try and preserve what there is by the propping up of dangerous parts, the replacement of displaced stones and the eradication of vegetation, 116. Within the shrine, now open to the air and sky, is a modern-looking black stone linga, with two Inose images placed behind it, one of them being that of Brahmä with his three fuces. The shrine door has been richly carved, and has Gaueba presiding, upon the dedicatory block above, while on each side below, upon the jambs, Sıva plays the part of drărapăla. 117. The hall ceiliog must have been very rich originally. Sixteen figure brackets are set round in the circle of the mouldings, each of which held an imago, but these have disappeared. The pillars of the ball are fully moulded and decorated, as may be seen from the photos. 1 118. The outside walls of the temple bave been fully decorated in the usual conventional style of the eleventh century. Thero 19 a vigour and fidish about the work which puts thy temple considerably before that at Bhavká, just described. Though the tenuple is small, the work could not have been anything behind that of the temple of Sūrya at ludhurā for excellence of execution. 119. At other places visited in the Panch Mahāls we found the remains to be of little interest. At Lilvadeva, 15 nules north of Dohad, there is, on the bank of the tank, a modern temple of Rankimätā, in which are gathered some sculptures from an old temple. There is also a memorial stone with a short 11scription of no particular interest, dated Samvat 1316, upon which is carved a man with a dagger. In the shrine of the temple is a mutilated image of Kāli about 4 feet high, while in the porch are collected the old broken sculptures of Sisa-Pārvati, Kālabhairava, and Ganesa. 120. The matter of Brahmadabad will be seen from the coi. further visit to the site was primarily intended to settle the question as to whether the villagers should be allowed to proceed with their excavation for earth as in the past, or that the site be close to them and conserved for more extensive and systematic exploration in the future. I was not able, owing to other more urgent work always intervening, to visit the site again until this last touring season, when I had over a month's excavation upon different parts of it. The result has been that I am of opinion that the carrying away of earth by the villagers and bricks by the Public Works Department may continuo without interruption, 121. Though the site, bistorically, is of considerable interest, being closely connected with the first inroads of the Arabs into Siod in the eighth century, yet, as an archæological site or relic mine, it is bardly worth the expense of excavating, about all that we want to know having been ascertained by what httle has been done, Relic hunting, prompted by the spirit of gambling wall, of course, still go on. There will always be the chance of a win to compensate for the amount staked out in excavation, but the finding of an interesting object now and again, after much expenditure of time and money, will not justifiy the opinion that further excavation should be carried on by Goverament, unless, perchance, some unexpected aspect should present itself. I have already published a long account of the place in the Archäological Annual for 1903-1904, and have little to add to wbat I have said there, 122. The whole site consists of rolling rounds of brickbats and earth, the - debris of the buildings of the last occupation, and which were pkated upon the heaps of an older site. In my account I spoke of two occupations, that of Brāhmanābād and of the subsequent Arab city of Bansuri, but I have now found that there were three distinct occupations, which I would say were those of Brāhmaṇābād, the earliest, Mapsūrā, and a later one apop the present -1-1. T- - 3 2 t 7 ·surface, The remains of this last are of little interest, except, perhaps, his. torically, should we be able to ascertain from some extrancous source what town it was. The houses were small and mean, being built of mud and brickbats dug out from the lower ruins, with, perlaps, flat mud roofs carried upon rough jungle rafters. I examined many of the still standing portions of the walls and found hardly a single woliole brick built into them ; they were all fragments, From the foundations of small mosques discovered on the surface, it would appear that this uppernost town was occupied wholly or largely by Muhammadans. 223. The middle layer of ruins was most probably that of Mangūrā, and here, again, can be seen the older and larger Hindu bricks, rifled from the ruins of the lowest stratum of Brälmaņābād, used over again together with smaller bricks made by the Arabs theniselves. The bricks, the only material used as far as I have been able to ascertain, havo thus worked up from the lowest strata to the surface, arriving there in fragments, to be used finally in this state by the last occupants of the site. This wholesale denudation of each site in succession has left but little to reward us for the heavy excavations necessary to get at the earlier work, for, when we have reached it, we find little else than traces, here and there, of a few walls and drains, but an abundance of boncs, ash and charcoal, testifying to the merciless treatment of the inhabitants and their homes by each successive possessor of the land. Corroded copper coins, scattered beads and broken toys also bear evidence to the fiendish ravage at each overthrow, 124. Not only from the traces of burnt beams, converted into charcoal, but from the fact that enormous quantities of wood must have been reguired to burn the vast amount of brick used in the dwellings and the heavy fortified walls of the city, do we gather that this part of the country must have been heavily wooded at one time. It is now mostly a sandy waste, which is being gradually reclaimed by the network of canals which are in progress. Traces of old river beds may be seen frequently, and I have no doubt that a re-occupation of the site, after the last assault, was abandoned, owing to the gradual diversion and drying up of the rirer which ran under the walls on the east, the main supply of water to the town. The hundreds of narrow deep earthenware wells, sunk from the upper surface down into the virgin sand, all over the site, point to such a calamity. There are no signs of wells having been constructed in the middle or lower layers, 125. Excavation was carried out upon three or four different spots on the site. The most extensive was about the middle, where, after clearing away the uppermost debris and foundations of walls, we came upon a series of large brick foundations ench about 7' X 4, apparently for the pillars or piers of some very large building. They were arranged in rows running across the width of the building and longitudinally. The building was placed approximately north and south for length, and east and west for depth or widthin the depth we were able to ascertain that there were sis foundations, which, presuming the building to have been a great mosque, would, with the back wall, have given six bays of arching or corridors in the depth of the building. The number of foundations in the front or length of the building, north and south, we were unable to ascertain as the ground towards the south bad been more disturbed and the bricks removed (Photos. Nos. 3132-3142). 126. Beneath these foundations, at the north end, was found a long covered brick drain running diagonally across the site of the building. Connected with this by short lengths of drain were large flat pear-shaped slabs of baked earthenware, with raised edges converging to the point where it entered the opening of an earthenware pipe about 6 inches in diameter, through which the water of, ablution, used over some object which stood on the slab, passed into the inain drain. The pear-shaped slabs, had they a hole in the middle, might easily have passed for the yonis of lingas, but there was no hole, so the objects which were placed upon thew must have been loose. I am of opinion that this drain had to do with sowe Hindu ceremonial, and, possibly, a Hindu temple which stood on this site, and which was demolished and its material used up in a great Muhammadan mosque built above it. In the earth which buried the found. ations of the mosque were found a great quantity of pot-slerds covered on both sides with Arabic writing in inkm-perhaps the remains of earthenware talismanic vessels. The bricks of the drain measure 101" x 101" x 21", while nost of - those of the foundations measure 147" x 9" x 2". 127. The thūl or tower, the only standing mass of brick masonry, beside the lower courses of ruined walls, stands to the east side of the site near the village.

·33 1 This has always puzzled visitors, for its use is not apparent from a cursory examination of its exterior; and the ruin was such that there were no features about it to lead one to think it more than the stump of some old watch-tower or similar structure. My funds were too small, when at Brāhmanābād the last time, to attempt the heavy excavation necessary to find out more about it. But this I did at my last visit. 128. The tower would appear to haun hann ahotans a basement 50 feet square. It sto ground level around it; but this is probably rose, when complete, to at least 40 feet above ground level or the top of the basement, which is about the same. In the centre of this great mass of brickwork is a chamber about 7 feet square, the surface brickwork of which is finished off smooth like the outside portion of the wall on the west. The floor of this chamber was 10 feet 6 inches above ground level. The top was open, having been destroyed. Beneath the floor, the solid brickwork goes down to a depth of 27 feet before virgin soil is reached An entrance seems to have come in to this chamber from the north by the west side of the chamber, for the bricks on either side of the passage are finished off with a clean surface. As far as indications point, it appears that this passage ascended on the west side of four sides of the chamber to the top enters the side of the chamber, was cting from either side, to carry on udging from the holes in the wall, it was continueu in wovu. un lue floor of the chamber were found the rotted powder of four cross-beams, lying each across one corner, and forming an inner square frame, diagonally set to the sides of the chamber, the ends of the beams being let into the side walls. Beneath these it was solid, hard, well-laid brick, work to the bottom, while, above them, was a layer of loose bricks, with no regular arrangement, among which were found fragments of carved and deco. rated brickwork, similar to that found in Buddhist stūpas in Sind. The chamber was empty, and, as stated above, was open to the sky. I drove a well 21. A.-1..... the chamaber, down 27 bricks and hard labour. of the great basement, is another of these 'mysterious drains, but much larger and more elaborately constructed than that at our first excavation The channel in this drain is 2' 2" deep by 1' broad, and, in addition to "" it above, it is further protected by trend is towards the river. The bri: like those in the other drain already well, sisteen feet below the floor of the chamber, measured 17" x 101" x 24". 129. I am inclined to think this thül is the ruin of a reconstruction at a later time, of an earlier Buddhist stūpa, and that the decorated bricks found in it were a few from the exterior decoration of the original building. The chamber andra mhuinn to hold como relic or image. Line mortar has le great busement, but mud would 1 of the whole of the superstructure the chamber, 130. As I am to write a further article upon Brāhmaṇābād for our Survey Annual I will content myself here with this brief outline of our last digging We brought asay a quantity of old coins, beads and other small articles, but the most unique object of all is a small ribbed melon-shaped glass These are yessel, being the first whole glass vessel obtained from the ruins. being added to the Poona Museum attached to my office. 131. While at Brāhmanabad Mr. Mackenzie, Deputy Commissioner of Thar and Pārkar, drew my attention to the old ruiged thül or stūpa at Mirpur Khās. An account of some images found here is given in the Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Vol. XIX, page 44. On my return from Brāhmanābād I halted a couple of days here. The mounds lie about half a unile to the north of the town, are compact, and not very extensire. They cover, roughly, about ten acres, 1 T 7 1-1 f . 17 upon the site. Mirpur Khas B 768.-9 ·34 Aihole. Towards the north end of the site is the ruined stump, in sun-dried bricks, of an old stūpa, which must have had a decorated outer casing of beautifully carved brickwork. Much of this still lies about, and I gathered about a cartload, some of the best of which I brought away, leaving the rest in the charge of the Executive Engineer. But as we learn from the account mentioned above, most of the brickwork was carried off for use on the railway when under construction. 132. Forming a circle surrounding the stūpa are large mounds which appear. to be the sites of monastic establishments, while to the south are others unconnected with this group. The whole place has been a quarry for brick, which has even been dug out of the very foundations of the walls. 133. The stump of the stūpa, as it stands, looks as if it had not been disturbed beyond the stripping of the outer brickwork. It is a great solid mass of sun-dried brick laid in mud. 134. Lying upon the ground was found a fragment forming nearly the half of a dāgoba Tee, of burnt clay, in one piece, with the large hole in the centre for, the statt of the umbrella. 135. The site, although so desolate and devastated by the contractor and other vandals, might still repay a little digging and investigation. The whole seems to be the site of a large Buddhist monastic establishment grouped about the large stūpa and is thus of altogether a different nature to the more extensive ruins of Brāhmaṇābād (Photos. Nos. 3146-3148). 136. The remains at Aihoļe, in the Bijāpur District, were first visited by the Survey when Dr. Burgess went there in 1874. His time was so short, it being the end of the season, that he was not able to give it the attention it deserved. Under his directions I 'visited the place in March 1885, to obtain more material in the way of drawings, photographs, inscription impressions, and further notes. At that time I was but an abecedarian in these studies, and could not appreciate to the full the meaning of what is written so plainly upon the surface of these grand old monuments. My visit during the last season, then, opened my eyes to much that we had not previously noted, although the visit was primarily made for the purpose of settling upon the measures of conservation necessary to maintain them in as good a state as possible. A proposal to bring away sculptures from a certain ruined old shrine to the Bijāpur Museum needed to be considered on the spot. 187. I was accompanied to Aihoļe by Mr. G. V. Kokje, the Sub-Divisional Officer stationed at Bāgalkot, and the Maistri Dānappā, who was for many years at Bijapur and did so much useful work on the old buildings there. With them I went over every building of interest explaining what measures were necessary in each case. They took notes themselves during the progress of this inspection : my own will be printed and submitted as soon as this Progress Report is off my bands. The accompanying map will give some idea of the great number of remains in and around this small village. As I have already written and sent in an illustrated article for our Annual upon these old temples it will be unnecessary to describe them at any length here. Dr. Burgess account of some of them will be found in his first Report, now reckoned as the first volume of the New Imperial Series (Photos. Nos. 3149-3222). 138. I am of opinion that we must ascribe a greater age to the oldest temples at Aihole than that estimated by Dr. Burgess for the Durgą temple, namely, the 7th century A. D. We have four distinct types in Aihole—the earliest of very heavy and massive architecture, without spires, and with the shrine contained within the hall; the next, still massive but not so much so as the first, among which stands the Durga temple, which have elaborately decorated spires of the northern old Orissan type; a third type is a transition type between the last and the medieval Chalukyan temples; and a fourth represents the latest style. The first, I have little hesitation in saying, cannot be later than the middle of the fifth century, while the second I would place about 500–550 A. D., and both, therefore, earlier than the temple of Meguti, which is dated A. D. 631. 139. The Durga temple has been taken as representing the transition from the rock-cut cave-chaitya to the structural temple; but the oldest temple of all, - .

·SKECH PLAN
AIHOLE
THEW NG THE POSTIONS OF THE TEMPLES
TART
bor Chaloupe GAY POON, 1909

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·35 that of Läd Khår, shows, equally, the transition from the caye-vihara. This temple and the others of its class seem not to have been noticed before, owing, probably, to their having been used as residences up to a few years ago when they were cleared out by Mfr. K. R. Bomanji, who was then Collector of Bijapur. These had thus been hidden away amongst the houses of the village by the additional mud walls that had been built in and about them. We bave thus, at Aihole, an unbroken sequence in the styles from the fifth to the fourteenth centuries, from the early cave to the latest mediæval temple. 140. All these early temples were devoted to Vaishṇava worship as is shown by the presence of Garuda upon the dedicatory block over the shrine doorways, and other sculptures about them; and we know that this was the particular cult of the early Chalukya kinys whose copper plate grants and inscriptions bear the image of the boar on their seals and begin with a Vaishnava invocation. 141. At Dhārpār, built into the porch of the house that has hitherto been occupied by the Agent for the Southern Marathā Railway, are four large beautifully sculptured slabs representing Siva (2), Brahmā, and Vishnu reclining upon Seshe. These were drawn and photographed by me in March 1885, when they were standing in the garden of Mr. Fletcher's house. They were built into their present position before 1893, at which time Mr. J. Campbell was Agent. The slabs were said to have been brought from Bädāmi, some thirty-seven years ago, by Mr. William Frere, formerly District Judge of Dhārtår, who then occupied the house. I was able, while at Aiboļe, to trace these to their source and identify the temple from which they were taken. Drawings of them will appear with my article in the Annual. It would be a very great matter if these could be recovered and either be sent back to Aihole to complete the ceiling of the temple from which they were taken, or else be sent to Bombay for the Prince of Wales Museum. Perhaps the railway authorities, if approached, would present them to the Museum. Inmond Roenlation No. 6748 of for excavation ere being at or of anywhere, as ral level of the I mayonary have cident than the mich incy rinon . be examined next year. The aucicuu puvings www.gn ... still exists in some of the principal streets of the village. 143. There are no remains of a paved street extending from the inscribed rock in the river near Rämling to the village, as stated in the Gazelteer. There Pandando minnin, northwards from the Rāmling LI on the natural small slope of a few yards is roughly paved, as it enters the couriyalu ut vuu Galaguãthr group of temples. Between this and the villages there are several large fields and a water-course with no siga whatever of any paved street, A. ---ti ID of atauriers lived wav Svelt HUAW. "I 1 still set up occasionally uy luc vuuu.....

·26 PROGRESS REPORT OF THE ASSISTANT SUPERINTENDENT. UDAIPUR STATE. Kailwa da. 1. Last year's report contained a description of the various antiquarian sites in Eastern Mārwār that I visited up to the end of March 1908.* The month of April following, which was the first month of the new official year, but the last of the touring season, was spent by me in visiting Kunalgadh, Desūrī, Nāļlāī, and Nāļol. Kumalgadh is in the Udaipur, and Desúrī and others in the Jodhpur State. During my travelling in Godvāı!, last year, the lofty bill fort of Kumalgadh first came within the range of our vision when we were at Bāli, and it continued to be visible until we reached Nádol. There are two passes which lead to Kumalgadh from Mārwär, one the Desūrī, and the other the Ghāņerā v nal. The latter gives the shortest cut, but is a very dangerously precipitous pass. We went to Kunalgadh viâ Desūri, Jilwādā and Kailwādā, but came back by the other pass. The road from Desūrī to Jilwādā was in excellent condition as it had been repaired by the Jaina laity for the samgha described in the last report; but that froin Jilváųā to Kumalgadh was just what might be expected in Mewār. On my way I halted for some time at Kailwādā, which is the principal town of the district of Kumalgadh, and is about three miles below the fort. It is at the entrance to the valley called Shero Nallā, which runs south for some miles between two high ranges of bills. The western of these ranges is called the Jargâh hill, the highest point of which is 4,239 feet above the sea level. Kailwadā and the surrounding mountainous region were the place of refuge of the Rāņās when driven from Chitor and the plains of the Banās; thus, e. g., when Chitor was captured by Alā-ud-Din and Lakhamsi killed in battle, Rāņā Ajaysī, the survivor, fted to Kailwādā with his relatives and followers. It was this Kailwadā that was the scene of the youthful exploits of his nephew Hamir, who afterwards regained the lost ancestral doninions. His name is still preserved in that of a spacious lake, almost a mile south of the village, called Hamīr talūn, and built by him together with a temple of Vishņu on its bank. Both the temple and the lake were repaired by Mahārāņā Sarüp Singh in about A. D. 1850. There are only four temples at Kailwāvā, two Jaina and two Vaishnava. Of these the only one worth noting is the larger of the Jaina teniples. This has twenty-four subsidiary cells and appears to have been erected about the same time as the fort of Kumalgadh. 2. There are seven gates leading up to the highest peak on the fort, which is crowned with the baddal mahal. The first Kumalgadh. gate is the Āret pol, so-called from the bhāgal or hamlet of Ārat situated within the precincts of the fort. Āret po? is nearly a mile from Kailvādā; and almost a mile further from it is the Hallā pol. II. Next.comes the Hanümān pol, so named after the image of Hanuman deposited close by (Photo. No. 3016). An inscription engraved on its pedestal says that the image was set up near the pratoli, i. e, po! (gateway), in the fort of Kumbhalameru by Kumbhakarņa in V. S. 1515 (A.D. 1458). It is said that a private record of this time still exists which mentions that the Hanūmān po! was brought by Rāṇā Kumbha from Nāgaur in Mārwār and set up there, together with the image of the monkey god. After the Hanūmān, is the Rām, pol so-called after Rāmsingh, a fauzdār staying in its neighbourhood during the reign of Rāņā Jaswantsingh. After the Rām, comes the Vijaya pol, which is to the east of it and is really farther from the next. It is almost on the same level as the Rāmpol, and not above it, as all the gates have been, Formerly Rām po! had been closed and Vijaya po! kept * As Mr. Bhandarkar's notes are upon newly discovered remains, and are the material from which the lists of antiquarian remains in Räjputinà are to be compiled, they are here given somewhat at length, in order that they may, thereby, be safely filed for future use.-H.C.

·11 - Dan Allahähad 37 open. But when the work of bailding new palaces commenced, the Rám pol, giving the shorter cut, was opened, and the Vijay closed. Four more gates remain, vič, Bhairav pol, Nimba pol, Chaughan pol, and Págilā pol. Between the first two is shown a devri, a spot wbere the head of a Mer killed as ballīsā was buried. When the work of fortification was started, it was found that whatever was raised on the ground during the day time was swallowed by the earth at night, who wanted as an oblation a battisù (a human being literally, a being with thirty-two teeth). A Mer came forward, and agreed to offer himself as the victim on condition that his name wight be associated with that of the fort. He cut off his head with his own hand, and it was buried here, the trunk itself being buried farther up on the fort at a spot shown in the courtyard of the janāni mehel. Both the places are now known as hāthāyji, referring to the fact of his having cut his throat with his own hand (hàth). The promise given to the Mer was fulblled, and the fort came to be called Kumbhalmer, the first part Kumbhal preserving the name of Rānā Kvnubha and the second Kler that of the victim. Further, as one ascends the fort hill, there is on the left Tārā buruj called after Tārā, the valiant consort of Prithvīrāja, son of Rāyamalla. And between Nimbu and Chaughan is shown a nārchhali, a small empty reservoir, from where it is said the tiger (nār) and the goat (chhāli) used to drink water together before the fort was built. After crossing Chaughan the visitor las to his right the topkhänā, where a cannon is pointed out as a tro-l -...for Nan Turther onwards is no-choki, which is really a ter Here is a small fragmentary inscriptioa stope in Therein only two names can be traced, diz., those of Vokala, fat' The last gate, as stated above, here dismounts from his ich is referred to by Tod and voice was vumo vy numwua, uus News puru www by the present Maharānā Fatteh Singh, and a new one coumanding a splendid view of the plains of Mārwăr has been built in its place (Photo No. 3017). 3. Between the Halla and the Hanuman pols is a step-well known as Badshäha-ki burdi. This emperor is supposed to be one of the Gujarāt Sultāns, who were often at war with the Udaipur Rănâs. Here again may be noticed quite a number of devlis or small memorial stones spread from the well quite up to the Hanūmān gate. But the obje hrought to view when the Rain or the Vijay small and large, finished and unfinished, ar to be earlier than the 13th century If one goes straight to the north, when tlie Ram .....1 ha napoos hw these tanks, viz., the Vadvay, the Chhupelã, and but not far from the last tank, is the The place is thas described by Tod :- he mother of the gods, whose shrine is g the pass. The goddess is placed in the midst of her numerous sumy, miuding the greater or lesser divunities. They are all of the purest marble, each about three feet in height, and tolerably executed, though evidently since the decline of the art, of which very few good specimens exist, executed within the last seven centuries. The temple is very simple and primitire, consisting but of a long hall, around which the gods are ranged, without either niche or altar. “ The most interesting portion of this temple is its court, forned by a substantial wall enclosing a tolerable area. The interior of this wall had been entirely covered with immense tablets of black marble, on which was inscribed the history of their gods, and, what was of infinitely greater importance, that of the mortal princes who had erected the tablets in their honour, But what a sight for the antiquary? Not one of the many tablets was entire; the fragments were strewed about, or placed in position to receive the flesh-pots of the sons of Ishmael, the mercenary Rohilla Afghan." - to by Tod, To removed which agments of by Pandit Gaurīshankar Djba to tue diuseum av the tablets, so far as a thorough search could bring to light, were picked up and B763-10 internet ore 4.

·38 pieced together by him, and can now be easily deciphered there. The importance of these inscriptions can never be overrated. They set forth the history of Mewār from the time of Guhila, the founder of the Udaipur family, to Rānā Kumbha Kumbhakarņa seems to have taken great pains to collect old inscriptions of his family in order to enable him to prepare a reliable gencalogical list. Thus two vorses from the Chitorgadh inscription of V. S. 1331 have been quoted in one of those tablets. One of these verscs is important, and is the one beginning with Jiyād- Ananda-purvam, etc. The importance of it seems to have escaped the attention of even such a lynx-eyed antiquarian as Professor Kielhorn. And in the Bhavnagar Prakrit and Sanskrit Inscription: volume, where also the inscription is published, the translntion given of this verse is entirely erroneous. The verse clearly tells us that there was a prosperous town of the name of Anandapura, and it was from this place that the Brāhmaṇ Bappa came and worshipped the suge Haritaráśi. A verse of similar import occurs in the Ekalinga-mähälmya composed by Kumbha. Thcrcin also Kumbha quotes several verses from other inscriptions, and we are in this work prepared by him to regard them as quotations by the prefatory remark : yodorktar purătanaih kavibhih (as said by the poets of yore). One such verse runs thus : Anandapura 8amāgata-piprakul-ūnandano malīdeoah | Jayati Śri-Guhadattah prabhavah Śrī-Guhilavarśasya || The sense of this verse is that Guhadatta, the founder of the Guhila dynasty belonged to a Brābman family that had migrated from Anandapura. Noir, this verse can be easily traced in what Tod called the Aitpur inscription, a translation of which has been given by him. The translation, though very imperfect, leaves, however, no doubt as to the verse in question having occurred in the inscription. But this matter has now been set beyond all doubt by Pandit Gaurishankar Ojha. This indefatigable antiquarian was at last able to secure the original transcript of the inscription, prepared by Gyānchaud, the Jnti, who was of inimense service to Tod in writing his work the “ Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan." It was found in the bhandar of his pupil's pupil, Ganeschand, at Måndal near Bhilwäļā, a railway station on the Ajmer-Khănduā line, in the Udaipur territory. And the transcript, as was surmised, does contain the verse in question. Now, the inscription is dated V. S. 1031=A.D. 977. So that the tradition about the Brāhman origin of the Udaipur family was current as early as the 10th century. It is worthy of note that Guladatta, the founder of the dynasty, is said to bave belonged to a Brāliman family that had come from Anandapura. Ănandapura is obviously Vadnagar, and the conclusion is irresistible that the Brāhmaṇ family was of the Nagar caste. If any further proof is needed, it is furnished by the Elaliiges-mühülmya itself, which distinctly tells us in so many words that their founder was a Brāhman of the Nägar caste. This subject has been fully discussed in my paper on the “Gubilots', which I have contributed to the Jour. Beng. As. Soc. 5. Now, to return from where I have digressed. Tod says that the temple was dedicated to Māmādevi, but certainly people there say that it is of Māmādeva, and not Māmādevī. This is also confirmed by the fact that the image in the shrine, though half buried underground, is unquestionably of a god, and not of a goddess. But the question is: who is Mămădeva ? The images at present existing in the temple and even those removed to the Udaipur Museum all contain inscriptions in which the place is called simply Vata. Two of them, however, give the longer name Matula-vata or Māmā-vata. Matula is doubtless the same as māmā, both meaning the maternal uncle. But why the edifice is called Matula-vața and how it came to be supposed to be dedicated to Mânādeva are matters which are at present inexplicable. Kumbhakarna is supposed to have built this temple. But the inscriptions on all the images found here speak of them as having been “set up in this Vata." If he had really erected it, they would have simply stated that the images were set up by him, without the words “this Vata." "Again, in all the temples built by Kumbha, if there exist any images, they are invariably placed in niches, fitting them. But here they are placed simply against the walls, sometimes on the ledge, where it exists, or else resting on the floor itself. The plan of the ·39 building also is against the supposition that it ras raised by him. For it had originally four doors, three of which are still extant, the fourth, i. e., the back was converted to other uses. The interior rly that it enshrined a Chaumukh image and nagsuully, & Jaing Chaumukh temple. All theso considerations prove that the temple of Mămădera kras originally a Jainn fane, but that it was afterwards decorated by Rani Kumbha with Brahmanic images in V. S. 1515-16=A, D. 1458-59. 6. The images removed to Udaipur are of two classes. One class represents the various sapta-mătſis or Seren Mothers, and the second, the different forms of Vishnu, such as Keśava, Madhava, and so forth. It is a well-known thing that Vishnu has four bands and bears in them the four objects, conch, discus, mace and lotus. By permutation these objects can be held in the four hands in twenty-four different ways. And this is the reason, it is alleged, why we have twenty-four forms of Vishnu, whose names are always repeated at least twice by an orthodox Brahman before his morning and evening prayers. Tho Priddhahärila-smriti makes an attempt to set forth what manner of bcaring these objects determine what form of Vishnu, and it would certainly be of some importance, in the interest of Brahmanıcal iconography, to see whether the images of the various fornis, originally at the temple of Mamādeva but now deposited in the Udaipur Museum, follow the rules prescribed in the smriti. The images that are in situ are five. They are all in the verandah facing the west. Of these, three are on the right, and two on the left, of the visitor as he enters the building. Of the first, one is of Ganesa, another of Prithvirāja and the third of Prithvi. Figures of Ganeša are, of course, met with everywhere, but this is the first time that I saw those of Prithvi and Prithvīrāja. There can be no doubt that they are of Prithri and Prithvirāja, for the inscriptions on them specify these pames. The former is represented with four hands, and is seated with both feet drawn up, and the latter with six hands, with a beard, a nimbus behind his head, and seated with right foot dangling down below. Prithvi we can understand to be the goddess. Earth, but who Prithvirāja is cannot even be surmised. Of the remaining two images one is of Mahalakshmi and the other of Dhanada, 1. e., hubera (Photo No. 3011). The former is what is ordinarily known as Gaja-Lakshmi, but the latter is of some importance from the iconographic point of view. It appears originally to have possessed at least six hands, of which all but one have been broken off. The trident and the rosary seem to be two of the objects held in them. One hand doubtless went round the waist of his consurt, who is scated on his left lap. Kubera himself is represented as seated on an elephant. This is worthy of note, for popularly the man appears to be his rahana or vehicle, as bis other name Naraväbana shows. Again, by some his tūhana is supposed to be the horse, and it is sometimes even contended that the elephant is the vehicle not of Kubera, but of Ladra. But all the sculptures of Kubera, that I have so far seen, represent the elephant, and only two, the man, as his riihan. But I have not met with a single instance in Rājputāna, where the horse is shown 29 his vehicle, though one instance is not unknown from Gujarit. 7. Not only the temple of Mămădera but its ricinity also is famous for its local associations. On the bank of the tank to the south, but near this temple, it is said, Rāni Kumbha was once sitting wheu "his life, which nature the poniard of an assassin--that assassin, biy 1 10 has since then been known in the bistory of de. Behind the temple is an odi, or raised Prithvirāja, used to shoot tigers. An account yolnite of this hophoustond isif, would be out of place here, especially Tod. On the north side of the temple saz dedicated to Pșith itäja, but which, as a matter of fact, only contains the aslies of his wives, Prithviraja himself having been killed some way off at the foot of the bill, where his chalri still m --- -Tonnen..hich mavinnamalt finomulai .. 1 ·40 II. II. horse, Sábañadiva. Immediately on his right is Bãi Tārāde and further Bāī Pāmāde. On his left also there are two figures, the names of which are, lowever, gone. On the north side, in the centre, is a linga, behind which is a male This male must be Prithvirājn, who fanked by two females on ench side. touches the linga with his hands, which again are touched by the right and left hands of the females near his iminediate loft and right. The names of the females on his right are Băi Hirū and Bãi Värinäji and, on his left, Bái Sehajalade and Bai Mändhärade. On the west side is, in the centre, a throne. occupied by three females, the middle one of which is Bãi Rāinblialade. On her right is Bãi Kesūbhade, and on her left Bãi Jeranti. There are otlier females standing on each side. On the south side are in the centre, Prithvīrāja, standing and with his hands holding a sword and a shield, and Bãi Närargade and Bái Bbāgabãi on bis right, and Bái Bhagavatām and Băi Kala on his left. 8. To the north of the fort but to the west of the temple of Māmādeva, after clearing the intervening hill, comes the Jaina temple of Pittaliâdeva (Photos. Nos. 3012-13). It faces the cast, and consists of a sabhamanlapa and à shrine. The former is accessible on three sides, 2. C., from the east, north and south. The latter has four doors, and in the centre of the interior are the remains of a pedestal with four pillars at the corners obviously supporting a canopy over it. There can hardly be a doubt that this was a chaumukh temple, though the image placed on the pedestal cannot now be traced. Probably this image was of brass as the word pittalia shows. 9, To the east of the temple of Mámādeva are scattered the ruins of many old stone houses, said to have been of the old Būman-bās, i. e., the Brālman locality on the fort. To the south of this is the temple of Golerā (Photo No. 3009). It is so called because it is surrounded by a round walled enclosure. It faces the east, and is in plan almost exactly like the Pittalia temple. It was not, however, a chaumukh, but a smavasarana, temple. This is doubtless seen from the different classes of gods and goddesses sculptured at the corners of the walls near the top of the interior. Near the western door of the shrine is a fallen sculpture with an inscription on it. It is dated V. S. 1516 and speaks of one Goioda as having caused to be made the pedestal (parikara) of Yugādideva, i, C., Rishabhadeva in (the temple of) Samarasarana. This shows that the samavasarana, 4. C., the First Sermon in question, was of the first tirthankara. Much ignorance prevails eren amongst scholars and antiquarians as to wliat this samatasaraṇa is. And, I, therefore, intend writing a paper on this subject ere long for the Archeological Annual. 10. Not far froin Golerâ is what is known as the Bárandevlär temple. It must have been so called on account of the fifty-two cells that originally surrounded the main shrine. But of these only forty-four now exist. The plan of this temple is in no way different from the many large Jaina temples found elsewhere. Besides it is without ornamentation of any interesting kind (Photos. Nos. 3007-8). 11. There are many other both small and large temples, mostly Jaina, standing on various hillocks here and there, But none of them are of any importance except two. One of these last is thus described by Tod: " The design of this temple is truly classic. It consists only of the sanctuary which has a vaulted dome and a colonnaded portico all round. The architecture is undoubtedly Jaina, which is as distinct in character from the Brahmanical as their religion. There is a chasteness and simplicity in this specimen of monotheistic worship, affording a wide contrast to the elaborately sculptured shrines of the Saivas, and other polytheists of India. The extreme want of decoration best attests its antiquity, entitling us to attribute it to that period when Sumpriti Raja, of the family of Chandragupta, was paramount sovereign over all these regions (two hundred years before Christ) The proportions and forms of the columns are especially distinct from the other temples, being slight and tapering instead of massive, the general characteristic of Hindu architecture; while the projecting cornices, which would absolutely deform shafts less slight, are peculiarly indicative of the Takshac architect. Sumpriti was the fourth prince in descent from Chandragupta, of the Jaiva faith, and the ally of Seleucus, the Grecian sovereign of Bactriana ..... I.

·41 It is curious to contemplate the possibility, nay the probability, that the Jain temple now before the reader may have been designed by Grecian artists or that the taste of the artists among the Rajpoots may have been modelled after the Grecian. A massive monolithic emblem of black marble of the Hindu Jivapitri, had been improperly introduced into the shrine of the worshippers of the Spirit alone." Tod was evidently in raptures over this temple. This is undoubtedly what is locally known as the Nilakantha temple (Photos. Nos. 3003.41 T -- unfinished condition. No portion ition of its pertaining to either Ja four doors, this may perhaps be --}. wing been erected as a Chaumukh or Samavasarana temple. The linna nowinetalladesh a modern thing. Tod, however, is quit 200. The style of its pillars closely Dilvādā on Mount Abū. The construction of the temple cannot thus possibly be placed earlier than the 13th century A.D., and probably was even later than this. 12. The other temple that remains to be noted is the one near the Rām Poland annat Supeo mi r VUN vuluu swories au neigit; each tier was decorated with numerous massive low columns, resting on a sculptured panneled parafet, and sustaining the roof of each story, whicb being very low, admitted but a broken light to break the pervading gloom.". This is no doubt what is called Bedi, but it is not n Jaina temple. It is said to have been built by Rāṇā Kumbha probably in commemoration of his completion of the fort fortifications, when he offered a sacrifice (Photos. Nos, 3014-15). 13. After a stay of six days we left Kumbhalgadh, and descended to the plains below by the Ghāņerār nál. How precipitous Nadlal. and hazardous it is to cross this na? has been vividly described by Tod. Every other day the hätvädă plies between Kailwūdįá and Ghānerāv, exchanging ghee for grains, and not unfrequently one of their pack bullocks or camels is heard of as having slipped and been rushed headlong into the abyss below. Our next place of destination was Nāļlāi to which we proceeded ria Desūri, Nádłāi is now a small village ; yet not less than sixteen temples, more or less old, are found here. Most of them, however, are Jaina. 14. On the east of the village are the remains of an old fort said to have been built by the Sonigarās (Photo No. 3028). The fort hill is called Jaykal, and is regarded as sacred by the Jainas As Satruiñjaya. Within the precincts of the fort is a Jaina temple dedicated to Adinatha. On the seat of the image is engraved an inscription which is dated Saturday, the 8th of the bright half of Vaiſakha of V.S. 1686, and refers itself to the reign of Mahārānā Jagatsimbaji. It then speaks of the rebuilding, by the whole Jaina community of Nadulãi (Nadlái), of the temple which was originally erected by Samprati, who must be supposed to be the grandson of Asoka, the hero of Jaina traditions and legends. The date, however, refers to the installation of the inage of Adinātha, who is called müla-fayaka here, by Vijayasinhasūri of the Tapagachchha. 15. On the top of the hill is the temple of Vaijanātha Mahādera, quite a modern erection. In front of it are two sculptures of kamala-paja, i. e., of persons cutting off their heads and offering them to the god. Further on, on a peak on the north-east is what is called Gorakh-madhi, which is dirided into two compartments. In one are the pădulās of Dattatreya and an ash pit where Gorakhnath performed religious austerities. In the other compartment is the sculpture of a trident Torshipped as Hinulāj māla. It was at this place that Pandit Sivdānji, who afterwards becaine guri ba Wla: 1......: nn ihn autheu nonlof. tan many elephants onc after Hle, thereforc, prased to ·42 Jlabádera, and made a row that if another elepbant he bought fired, he would embellish the hill of the god with the figure of that elephant; and so this was done by him. It is also worthy of note that the hill is called gajendra as it looks like an elephant. On the south side, which is crowned with the figure, the hill looks like the body of an elephant, The hill sinks on the north till it merges into the plains; and this part of the bill is, therefore, called the tail of the Elephant. At the foot of the hill where the fort stands, but outside the village, are a number of Jaina temples more or less old, but of no particular interest except one. This last is a temple of Sapărára, In the sabhämandopa is an image of lunisurrata, ab inscription below which says that it was caused to be made by Nātbāka, a Porräd of Nadulāī (Nădlãi) and installed by Vijayasuri on Sunday, the 3rd of the bright half of Jreshtha of V. S. 1721, shen Abhayarāja tras reigning. This Abhayarāja vas a Jedtiã and a jahāgirdar of Nádai--the same that set up the figure of an elephant on the hill alluded to abore. 16. To the south-east of the village is another hill crowned with a Jaina temple. It is dedicated to Veminātha, who is here known br the name Jādrājī. In respect of architecture it calls forth no remark. But on the pillars of its sabhämanda pa are incised two inscriptions. The earlier bears the date Sancat 1195 Isaüja cadi 16 Kuje, when, it is stated, Rāsapaladera was reigning at Vaduladägikā (Nadlái). It then records a gift of his feudatory Rajadera, son of Udharada and of the Gūbila lineage. The gift consisted of the twentieth part of the duties levied on pack oren going to and from Vádläi, and was made for the purpose of light, incense, offering, flowers and so forth. The second inscription gires the date Sau, 1443 parshe Kārktika radi 14 Sukre, and belongs to the reign of Raņayiradeva, son of Yaşarīra. It then informs us that Vinayachandrasūri, succesor of Dharmachandrasūri, of the Bșihadgachchha, repaired the temple of Nemīśvara, the ornament of the Yada family. This explains why Neminātha is here known as Jádrāji. 17. Two temples not remain to be described, one of Tapeśrara and the other of Ādiórara. The first is Brahmapical. It faces the east, and consists of a sbrine, circumambulatory passage, hall and porch, Small cells have been built into the sides of the hall, facing north and south, and enshrining Sürya and I. Ganapati respectively (Photos Nos. 3022-23). The other is a Jaina temple dedicated to ādiśrara, the first tirthamkara. There is a legend associated with these two temples. Once upon a time a dispute arose between a Jaina Jati and a Saira Gosai as regards proficiency in the lore of incantations. In order to test their power in this art they agreed that the Jati was to bring away at night the temple of Adinātha, and the Gosári, ikat of Tapeśrara, which were both at that time lying in Khed, in Jallāņi, southern Vārvār, and it was settled that whosoever, after lifting up his temple, would establish it before sunrise on the top of the Nädlāī hill should be regarded as the stronger and the more proficient. The Gosăi, being the more poterful of the two, outstripped the Jati, and just as he was about to ascend the hill, the Jati by his magical art produced the croting of a cock. The Gosãī taking it to be an indication of sunrise, through sheer despair, threr down his temple which is that of Tapeśvara, whereas the Jati, who had lagged far behind, only came to the foot of the bill when the sun rose, and could not, therefore, take it up on the top. This, it is said, is Lor the two temples stand at the foot of the hill, and a couplet relating to it is often quoted, which is as follows:- Santut daśa dāhottaro cadiya chorasi cada Kheda-nagarathi lāciya Näralõi prāsāda. The tradition at any rate of the Jaina temple not having originally stood here but being brought from elsewhere appears to have been prevalent eren as early as the beginning of the 16th century. For there is an inscription which is dated V. S. 1557, aod in it occur, with reference to the temple, the words Sari 961 Sri-Yaśobhadrasīri-mantra-sakti-samänitäyān. This shows that early in the 16th centory the temple tas beliered to have been brought by Yaśobhadra by means of magical power in V, S. 964.

·43 oqmanman 18. This temple of Adinātha is, as suid above, on the west of and outside, the village of Nāplāi. It faces the east, and at the entrance are two elephants made of mortar, one on each side (Photo. No, 3025). In plan it is almost the mandapa is, however, on the court-yard which is *Tout any subsidiary cells (Photos. Nos. 3026-7). The north and south corridors, again, over and above the cells along which they run, have two shrines in the centre, one on each side. In the the entrance of the qüdhamandapa, are engraved with five inscriptions these bears the date Samoat 1187 Phalguna audi 14 Guruvara, and records a grant made to Mahāvīra, the god of the will halens-dor i 1 ** - - lel mes duulu-west or Naulai. The remaining four inscriptions refer themselves to the reign of the Chāhamāna king Rāyapāla, and range in dates from V.S. 1189 to 1202. One of these specifies a gift by his queen Amnaladevi and his sons Rudrapāla aad Amțitapāla. It was of two palikās out of the palas due to the royal family from each oil-mill, and was made on behalf of the Jatis of 7 of Rāyapāla 1 the epigraph speaks of him inas, bankers, Mahāvira. The donations consisted of some fractions of the various commodities the temple of in which they dealt. 19. It will be seen froin these inscriptions that all the benefactions recorded therein were made to the god Mahāvīra. The conclusion is, therefore, irresistible that the temple was originally dedicated to Mahāvira, and not to Adinātha as at present. The inscriptions again pertain to about the middle of the 12th century, and the pillars of the pot and foliage type, which are to be seen in the sabhā, and the gūdha, mandapa, should be assigned to this period. They are exactly of places in Guja in V. S. 1557 above, informs footprints, which are of Yasobhadrasūri and with obeisance to which the record commences. Then is given the date, which is Sanpat 1557 varshe Vaišākhamase sukla pakshe shashthyán tithau Eukraväsare Punarvasu-Riksha-prāpta Chandra-yoge. This is followed by a pattādali of the Samdera gachcha. The founder of this gachchha was Yasobhadrasūri, son of sädku, i.e., sähukār, Yaſovīra and Subhadrā. His successor was Saligūri, the ornament of the Chāhumāna family and the favourite of the goddess Badari. This order of succession is taken up to Samtisūri, to whose ecclesiastical reign the inscription refers itself. Then is set forth the genealogy of the Mewar dynasty. Of the earlier princes only Šilāditya, Gubadatta, and Khummāņa are named. or the later, Hamira, Khetasiha, Lakhamasiha, Mokala, and Kumbhakarna. The son of the last was Rayamalla, to whose reign the inscription refers itself. Then we are told that through the orders of Prithviraja, the eldest son of Rāyamalla, the installation of the image was caused to be made by the thamdaris Siha and Samadā, joined by their brothers Karmasī, Dhărā, Lakhā and so forth. They were sons of Sadūla and grandsons of Sayara, and Sāyara is said to have belonged to the Ukeśa community, to the Raya-Bhamdārı gotra, and to the family of Dūda, son of rāula Sri-Lakhana. In other words, to use the modern Cámara voc an Osval by caste and a Bhamdari by khamp. Now, that they are the descendants of Rāv Lakhan, were converted to Jainism by Jasabliadrasuri. " yara, who was a Bham:lārī, and was through Düda a descendant of rāula Lakhan. There can hardly be a doubt that this răula Läkban is the same as Rāv Lökhan of the tradition, and we thus.see that the present tradition Tas current even so early as A. D. 1500. Again, the ·44 tradition says that the Bhamdārīs were made Jainas by Jasabhadrasűri, i. e., Yaśobhadrasūri. It has been stated above that the present inscription begins with obeisance to Yasobhadrasūri, and that the pattāvali given thereafter is also of the Sandera gachchha originated by him. The image in the temple, again, was installed by Išvarasūri, who was of Yaśobhadrasūri's gachchha. The inscription thus also supports the tradition that the Bhaidāris were somehow intimately connected with the Samdera gachchha founded by Yaśobhadrasūri. 20. With regard to the temple, the inscription next informs us, as we have seen above, that the temple in question was brought through his magical power by Yaśobhadrasări to Nadakulavati, doubtless Nädläi, We are further told that the temple was known as Sāyara jira-vasati after Sāyara, who rebuilt the surrounding cells, etc. Then we are told that the image of Ādinātha was consecrated by ăchārya īśvarasüri alias Devasundara, attached to the patta, . e., a pupil, of Śămtisūri alluded to above. Iśvarasūri was not on the patta at this time, for we have seen above that the inscription expressly refers itself to the ecclesiastical reign of his preceptor Samtisūri. The prasasti, we are told, was composed by this same Isvarasūri, and the inscription engraved by the sūtradhāra Somaka. 21. We thus see that the temple was originally dedicated to Mahāvīra and that the image of Adinātha was installed only in V.S. 1557–4. D. 1500. The ceremony of installation, we have seen, was caused to be made by Sihã and Samadā, whose grandfather Sãyara had previously rebuilt the subsidary cells. But the cells appear before long to have fallen into disrepair, and we find the work of carrying on repairs undertaken by the samghas of various places, as short inscriptions on the door lintels inform us. Their dates range from V.S. 1567 to 1571, and the sanghas that saw through this work were from such places as Mumjigapura (Munjpur), Vīramagrāma (Vīramgāv), Bhampakapura, Pattana (Pāțan), Mahamadābāda (Mehmedăbād) and Champakadurga or Champakamera (Champāner). But these sanghas were induced to take up this work by the head of the Tapāgachchha in Kutabapurā named Imdranaṁdi or by his pupils Pramodasumdara and Saubbāgyanaṁdi. Even the image of Adinātha had to be renewed, and this was done again by the descendants of Sāyara themselves in V. S. 1674 (A.D. 1617), but the idol was installed by Vijayadevasūri of the Tapāgachchha, 22. As I was on the point of leaving Nădlai, I received intimation of a new inscription being discovered. It was near the temple of Mahādeva in a bhanyār or natural cavern, less than a mile south-west of the village. It contains the date which is Samvat: 12 athāvisā varashe Māgasira sudi 13 Some. It refers itself to the reign of Kurvarapaladeva, i.e., the Chaulukya sovereign Kumārapāla, and also tells us that at that time Nādülya (Nādol) was held by Kelhaņa, Voripadyaka (Bordi) by Rāņā Lakhamaņa, and Sonāņā by thakur Anasiha. It records the erection of the mandapa of Bhivadeśvara, which has now fallen down. Kelliana is, of course, to be identified with the prince of that name who belonged to the Chāhamāna dynasty of Nádol. But the importance of the inscription lies in the fact that it furnished us with the latest date for Kumārapāla, viz., V. S. 1228, the earliest date for his successor Ajayapāla, viz., 1229 being furuished by an Udaypur inscription. 23. Nádol is seven miles north-east of Nädlāī, and is now-a-days the place of residence of the thakur of Ghānerāv. It is celebrated as one of the pañcha-tirthas of the Mārwār Jainas, But Nádol is principally famous for having been the capital of the Mārwar Chālamāna family. The founder of this dynasty was Lakshmana, who, as one copper-plate inscription informs us, was a son of Vákpatirāja reigning at Sākambhari (Sambhar). Tod appears to have found two inscriptions of this prince-one dated V. S. 1024 and the other 1039, but speaks of having presented the stones to the Royal Asiatic Society, London. It would, indeed, be interesting to know whether they can still be traced in the building of that learned Society. Their importance cannot be overrated as they refer to Lakshmaņa, who was the originator of all Mārwar Chohán families, such as Nādoliyā, Sonigarā, Sânchoriâ, Bālia, and so forth. In his route to Nehrwalla (Ankilvād) and Somanātha, Mahuud of Ghazni, according to the Tavārikh Firishtāl, passed Buzule, which, Nadol.

·> as 45 is first pointed out by Tod, can, by a correct arrangement of the points, be read Nádol. Similarly, the same authority tells us that Qutbu-d-Din 1-bak, on bis way to Anbilsad captured “ the forts of Baly and Nadole," which were found deserted by him. Nádol continued to be the capital of the Chohăng until Kirtipāla, or Kitū as he is known to Márvár chronicles, removed it to Jālor at some time between V.S. 1236 and 1239, 24. There are many temples, new and old, both in and outside the village of Nalol, most of which have been described by Garrick in Archæol. Surrey Report, Vol. XXIII, p 91 ff. I shall describe those only, which have escaped his notice, or which have been but imperfectly dealt with. The object of antiquarian interest, which is in the very heart of the village, is the Suraj-pol or " gateway of the Sun." It is said to have been built by Räv Lakhan, the local legend about whom has been narrated at length by Garrick, It contains an inscription of nine lines, the first four of which only are legible. It comniences with the date Sam. 1223 Srūvana Amādásyāyām Bhauma-pūrovam, and speaks of Kelhaņa as then reigning at Nadūla (Inscr. No. 2406) In the remaining but illegible portion only the date 1039 and the name Lásha(kha) na are clear. D. Fuhrer in his Prog. Report for 1893 has given a description of Nádol, which, like that of other places, is anything but satisfactory. Thus he says:---" The town is surrounded by low walls, pierced by handsome gateways, one of which, the Suraj-pol contains a record of Samvat 1139.” Now, in the first place, the Süraj-po! is not anywhere in the walls, but in the heart, of Nadol. Secondly, the date is not 1139 but 1039. Thirdly, I wonder how he got this date from the illegible portion of the record, and failed to potice the chief date 1923, which occurs in the legible portion and can be deciphered at a glance. As one proceeds to th Acht of tonn on ascending which he is confronted by ha, and not by “one of the most hands tāvíra Dr. Fuhrer says. Architecturally the temple is not of any particular interest (Photos. Nos. 3033-4), but in the back priacipal niche, on the exterior of its shrine, is engraved an inscription (Inscr No. 2107). It gives the date Samvat 1660 orarshe Jeshta sudi 15 Budhavāra, and refers itself to the reign of peitasriha Sri-Salemasāha Nuradi Mahamada Jāmbagira, 2. e., Salem Jebangir, son of Akbar. It then tells as that Mahākhāṁna Gdjani-Khānaji, lord of Jábalora, together with 100 doblemen, bui' - mnant in front of Nádol, and named it Nūrapora. Gazoikhan was, of Jalor. Just behind this temple stret. nothing of archæologic of V. S. 1024 referring been still preserved. found by Tou, but presented long ago to me suya cavawwe ... de quently no longer in Nádol. 25. On the northern outskirts of the village is the temple of Someśvara, which faces the west. It consists of a shrine, antechamber, hall and porch. The principal niches on rob.nhning ara emnts, but the walls are decorated with the fi Regents of the points of the compass. plain, but are e of them bear probably of the 11th Samoat 1147 Inscriptions (Inscrs. Paisähha sudi ? Vu(Bu)dhenients and contains a mandate issued by the Chohãn king Jojaladeva. of the pillars of the temple which the festivals connected with the various le brated. The other two inscriptions belong to t! Rāyapala--the same prince that is mentioned in dated" Sanoat 1198 Śrüvana vadi 8 Ravau, Bhadrapada vadi 8 Pu(Buldharâre. The latter merely informs us that one Bhanana, ránaka, i. e., Ränā, or chief belonging to the Karnāta country, freed the dancing girls (promada-kula) of all the gods of Usapa-pattana from databandha, which appears to be a tax equal to the one-tenth of every income. The former in a long inscription composed of thirty-nine lines, and relates to an agreement taken from sixteen Brāhmans of Dhālop about four miles gere is 11 . B 768-12 ·46 I. south of Nádol. Of tlic sixteen Brāhmans, two were from each of the eight päili or wards of Dhälop. And the agreement was to the effect that if anything was lost belonging to a Bhāt, bhattaputra (Bárhot), daurărika (Podidár), mendicant, or Vanjār while passing by Dhālop, they were collectively responsible and were to trace the property lost or make good the loss, and if it was lost in any particular ward, only the Brāhmaṇs responsible for that ward were to make the recompense. 26. Of the Jaina temples in Nálol, there is only one that deserves to be noticed. It is the one dedicated to Padmaprabha, the sixth tirthari kara (Photos. Nos. 3035-36). It faces the north, and is similar to other Jaina temples in general plan, but except on the north side, there are no subsidiary cells going round, and, in front of the gülhamanılapa, there are instead two attendant shrines--one on the east and the other on the west. In the gūdhamandapo are two standing figures, which, to all outward appearance, look like kausagiyas or kayotsargas, but the inscriptions engraved below show that they are images (bimba) of Neminātha and Sämtinātha. Both bear the date Sanat 1215 Paisakha sudi 10 Bhaume, and speak of the images as having been set up in the temple of Mnhāvīra in Visadā-sthāna. They, therefore, seem to have been brought from elsewhere. The images were installed by Padmacharidragani, a pupil of Devasūri, who himself was a pupil of Munichandrasuri of the Brihadgachchha. It is curious that Padivachandrasuri is styled Pūniniya-panditai. In the shrine are three images, all with inscriptions of the same iroport engraved on them. Their date is Sai 1686 varshe prathun-sīshādha va 5 Sukre. The inscription on the central image shows that it was of Padmaprabha, and was established by one Jayamallaji in the Ráya-vihara at Nadula when Rāņā Jagatsimha was reigning. With regard to Jayamallaji we are told that he was of the Mariņotra gotra and son of Jesă, and that he was resident at Yodhapuranagara, i. c., the Jodhpur city, and was the prime-minister of the rajadhiraja, Gajasimha. Te are also informed that while he established the image of Padmaprabha at Nadol, he set up another image, viza, of Ohamdraprabha in his own temple at Jālor, which was consecrated by Vijayaderasüri, in conjunction with his « anointed” pupil Vijayasimhasūri. Jagatsimha was, of course, a Rāņā of Mevār, and at that time Godrad tras included not in Märvár as noir but in Mevār, as this inscription, as well as that in the temple of Ādinātha at Nădlāī, clearly points out. Gajasimha is Rājā Gaj, king of Jodhpur, and sou and successor of Raja Sür. 27. Outside the village of Nádol was existing, in Mr. Garrick's time, i ruined pillard temple called “Khetlä-ka-sthān". Between the pillars of it, the marriage ceremonies of the village were then conducted : hence its name. On some were engraved inscriptions in characters of about the Sth or 9th century, and the style of these pillars was also supposed to indicate this to be the age of the temple, This, in short, is Garrick's account. Now, the temple referred to by him is no longer existing, and its pillars, etc., I was told, were used by the Jahăgirdār for his various private purposes, as is too often the case in Rajputānā. But the people say that there was a temple of this description called “Khetpāl-kā-sthān", and not " Khetlā-kā-sthān" as Garrick says, The word Khetla bas no meaning. On the other hand, Khetpāl is obviously the same as Kshetrapala or the tutelary deity of a village, who is also called Bhairava. Secondly, the people used to go to this place, not for the performance of marriage ceremonies, but “to give jät" as the Rājputânã phrase goes, i, las to take the newly-wed couple to pay homage to the village divinity, without obeisance to whom the marriage ceremony is not regarded as complete, Thirdly, although the temple is no longer in existence, an idea of what it was like is furnished by a litho illustration of it in Garrick's book. And the pillars therein represented are certainly such as are met with almost everywhere in Rājputāná in temples of the 12th or 13th century. It is difficult to say what led Garrick to assign the temple to the Sth or 9th century. As was expected, Garrick's mistakes have been copied by Führer, who says: ss Outside the town are the remains of a flatroofed pillared temple of Vishnu, locally called Ketlāka-sthån, of the ninth century A. D. as proved by five short incised records".

·47 28. About half a mile east of Nádol is what is called juna khedla, i. e., the old village, where the ruins of old temples are still visible. But of these noth. ing but basements has survived. In front of the shrine of Hanūmān is pointed out an ornamental arch by the people who consider it to be very old (Photo. I. No. 3037). But most probably the sculpture is not older than the 17th century. BOMBAY 29. This brings us to the close of my tour in April 1908. Touring tag Bombay. again resumed in November following. Our work I photo- -L-1 iverwer muy bromer nor I myself was able to read them. At my request they were allowed to remain with us, and I photographed two of them (Photo. No. 3223) The same day I met a Gujarāti Jaina sāhulár at the Bombay Asiatic library. The leaves had been previously shown to bim also by the Jati. The latter wanted to sell them for Rs. 100 per leaf, and the former was willing to buy them at that rate for his sūdhu, but he was desirous to know whether the leaves were, in any way, connected with the Jaina religion. I was sorry I was not able to satisfy him on this point. Leaves of precisely the same kind were seen by me two years ago at Jodhpur in a bhandār belonging to Umji Jati. The same Jati told me that he had several such at Udaipur in his bhandär. The characters were for long suspected to be old Pahlavı. But a Buddhist friend of mine Dharmanand Kosambi, to whom I showed a photo, assures me that the leaves are in Burmese character, that they relate to the ordination ceremony described in the Vinaya-pitaka, and that such leaves are found in numbers in Burmā, JODHPUR STATE. 30. From Bombay I proceeded to Barkānā in the Desūrī district, and resumed my tour in Mārwār. Barkápa is one of the Barkapa paſcha-tirthas with the Jainas in Järvăr and Gujarāt. I tried to visit it last touring season, as I wanted to see them all in succession. But as the season was over, I had to allow it to stand over till the next touring season. Here is a temple dedicated to Parávanātha. The pillars of the sabhānandapa are of the same style as those of the Chaumukh temple at Ränpur (Photos, Nos, 3230 and 3232), and the temple itself cannot be earlier than the 16th century. In the shrme porch are several sculptures peculiar to Jaina mythology: One is of Nandisparadripa. The other reprosents the Girnār and Satruſijaya hills, an almost exact copy of the sculpture at Ränpur (Photo. No. 3291). In the corridor cells are quite modern images set up only fifty years ago by the mahājans of Bijovā. 31. The antiquities of Ajmer have already been so ably and fully dcs. cribed by antiquarians like Cunningham and others Ajmer that very little remains to be said regarding them. One remark may, however, be made with regard to the Adhår-din-ku-jhopla. Tod was the first to start the erroneous idea that the mosque was built from the materials of a Jaina temple. Jr, Cousens was, howerer, the first to explode this theory." There is not a fragincnt," le says " of a Jaina teuple to be seen, but on every hand are mutilated images, some rather interestin, of Brahmapical temples. It was from here that the two inscribed tablets were removed to the Lucknow Muscun, which contain portions of two Sanskrit Brahmanical plays in which Sıra, Gauri, Arjuna and others are introduced." The plays have now been edited, and we know their names to be Lalita-t'horaharāja and Harakeli-nataka. The first was composed in honour of the king Vigrabarājadeya of Sākambbari, and the second was composed by the latter ·45 himself. And as the date of one of these inscribed plays is V. S. 1210, there cannot be a doubt as to this Vigralıarājn being Vigraharāja-Visaladeva of the imperial Chāhamāna dynasty. This naturally raises the presumptiou thnt the original temple from whose mnterials the mosque was constructed was Brahmanical and that Vigraharaja was somehow connected with it. The latter point acquires certainty by the fact that in the walls of two small stair-cascs above the mihrab nre two lines, cach containing the words : Sri-ligraharāja-levents kūritam-dyalanan, i.c., the temple wns constructed by the king Sri-Vigrahnrājr. This settles the matter beyond all doubt. The original temple which supplied materials for building the mosque was onc raised by the Chalamāna sovereign Vigrnhnrājn. One more slab and fragments of two others were also found there, and have now been removed to the Muscum by Pandit Gauri. shankar Ojha. Of these the fragments are more important. And of the latter one (Inscr. No. 2433) scems to be an initial part of a slab. In it occurs the number 1, obviously of the first verse, and the numbrr is preceded by the word prasasti. Similarly in l. 5 may be traced the worls Sri-Chalunno ili thimipatik. All these points picced together show that the slnl contained a praśusli or panegyric of the Chalamana family. On another fragment of this strics but of another slab, the name Vigrahurāja is distinct. Coupling this with the fact that the plays here found are connected with this king, the conclusion is not unrcnsounble that this panegyric also was written in Vigralıurājn's time and specially to extol hiin just as the Mámadera praxusti of Kumalgadh was composed in honour of Råna Kumbhn. In other fragments, names of princos of other dynasties such as Kumarapalı, Sindhuraja, Naravarma and so forth are met with. Thesc must have been mentioned as princes, with whom the Chabamānas were nt war. Or the names of places, that which occurs oftenest is Ajayameru, 2. C., Ajiner, 32. The other sinb which is spoken of as having been originally found in the Alhi-clip-ku-jhopda and ns now removed to the Ajmer Museum is principally: derored to the culogy of Nārāyana (Inscr. No. 2-434). The ending portion praises the sun and apparently describes some royal family of the solar race. The fuller details of them had been probably set forth in the second slab, which is now lost. 33. The object of great interest to an antiquarinn at Ajmer is noir the Muscum that has been established there for the whole of Rājputānā. The State that has bencfitted the Museuin most is Jodhpur, which has presented it with all the inscription stones except one that had been collected in the Tarcărikh MIchkmã by such painstaking persons as Munshi Deviprasīd and Joshi Aidanji. The copper-plate grant of the imperial Pratibâra Bhojadevn I., published by Prof. Kichorn in Ep. Ind. Vol. V., p. 211 ff., which is of importance in more than one way, and was a gem of the Tararikh Ichkimä, has also been transferred to the Ajmer Muscum. It is to be sincerely wished that the exanıple of Jodhpur will be followed by other States, such as Udaipur, Jhālrāpatan and so forth. It is hoped that Pandit Gaurishankar Ojha, who is in charge of the antiquarian section of the Museum, will spare no pains in making it useful in all branches of Indian archæology epigraphic, numismatic, and iconographic. Ilc has already discovered and brought in three inscriptions, not known before, and has made a present, to the Museum, of an inscription stone belonging to him. This last epigraph (Inscr. No. 2430) is important for the ancient history of Mewār, and no antiquarian can be too grateful to him, knowing how he saved it from the hands of Bhils and also of Brāhmans of Vāsā, into whose possession it went, and who thought that it would furnish some clue to the whereabouts of a treasure, and consequently concealed it in a reservoir. It was originally found at Sämoļi in the Bhimaţ district, Mewār. The inscription is dated [V. S.]703 = A. D. 646, and refers itself to the reign of Silāditya. It then informs us that one bania Jentrika who was a native of Vatanagara, built a State to a goddess. Vatanagara is, of course, Vasantgadh in the Sirohi district, whose antiquities have been described by ine in the Prog. Report for 1905-06. Sīlāditya is undoubtedly Śila, the prince who was one of the earliest Gubila kings. His name no doubt occurs in the dynastic lists of Mewar princes furnished by the Chitorgadh, Achalgadh, and Rāmpur prasastis, but had been ·- thought to be more or less fabulous. But now his historical existence is attested by the Sámoli inscription, which also furnishes a specific date for him. 34. Pandit Gaurishankar was also successful in securing four new inscriptions for his Museum. Tiro of these are interesting (Inscrs. Nos. 2431-2). They were brought from Arthūnā by him. One Arthūnā inscription dated V. S. 1136 has been noticed by Prof. Kjelhorn in Ind. Ant. Vol. XXII, p. 80. It belongs to Chámundarāja of the Paramára family of the new ones found, one is of the time of this Chamundarāja and the other of his son Vijayarāja. The former unfortunately is not dated, and records the erection of a temple in Aráttūnaka (Arthúnă) called Harīśvara after the builder Hari, who was of a family of the goldsmith caste emigrated from Chitrakūta. The other is dated Vikrana-samvat 1166 Vaišākha sudi 3 (So]me, and speaks of the image of Vrishabhapātha as having been caused to be installed ia Uttanaka (Arthünā) by one Bhushana, a Någar bania originally of 'l alapāțaka. 35. There is one more sculpture yet in this Museum which deserves to be noticed. It was originally at Bayānā in the Tahsil, and has now been removed to the Ajmer Museum in accordance with the directions of the Director-General of Archæology. It is thus described in his inspection note: "It is a rectangular slab measuring 20" x 13", sculptured along the top with A row of four animals being driven by a man represented behind them The significance of this scene is not apparent, but it seems to have been intended as some sort of a mangala or benediction. The inscription, which is engraved in characters of the seventh or eighth century, Occupies the lower balf of the surface, but is, unfortunately, too much damaged to allow of a connected mi first line contains a relerence to a certain räjă ondala. The second line says something about odson of the Chief of Uká (?). The last line contains only one proper came, Nāgāditya." In the first place, I do not understand what is meant by saying that the scene represented on the sculpture is intended as a sort of a mangala. Secondly, the inscription 18 not too much damaged to allow of a connected transcript, and an impression of it taken by me has, as a matter of fact, enabled me to read almost the whole of it with certainty: Thirdly, it is not the rājā, who resided, but the event, which happened, not at Lagondala as stated, but at Pimpala-Gaumdala. Fourthly, what the second line says is not about a son of Dargiditya, but about Durgaditya himself. He again is called a grandson of Ukeśvara, and not of the chief (išvara) of Uka. Now, what the inscription informs us of is that during the reign of Sri-Nanna in the plare called Pumpala-Gaumlale, Durgaditya, son of Vallāka and grandson of Ukesvara, mas killed by certain robbers in the capture of the kine (go-graha), Nāgāditya, sop of Valāicha, is further mentioned, but how he was connected with Durgaditya is not clear, But certain it is that the four animals driven by a man represented in the sculpture are these cows and Durgaditya, and it appears to have been intended as a memorial of a cattle raid. 36. In addition to the inscribed stones, some sculptures also have been stored in the Ajmer Museum. Two of these were photographed (Photos, Vos. Enconn i. e, Nárāyana reposing on Sesha, akshui, and with a lily issuing from ne other 19 a curious image. It is of hands and trampling upon a human sume derly with us being But the disipity is unidentilable. (37. From Ajmer I went to Aurā in the Sojat district, Jodhpur State, Auwa on the Ahmedabad-Ajmer linc, The existence of an old temple here had been reported to me last year, and I seized this opportunity of visiting the place. I was glad to find that I was not disappointed. Here is a 9th ce t-in more than one say. It is called the temp! The pillars of the sadhamandapo mples at Osia (Photo No. 3236). arieties of chequer ornament which 768-13 I are of the The lack ·50 are visible on the exterior distinctly point to the same conclusion (Photo. No. 3237). The spire, though now broken at the top, was nlmost exactly the same as that of the temple of Keră in Cutch, described by Dr. Burgess in Arch. Surv. TP est. Ind. Vol. II, p. 212 ff. The triangular ornanicnt of what the people call horse-shoe forms is especially worthy of riote. 38. In the sabhinanılapa four inscriptions were found by us engraved on pillars. The earliest of thcsc has the date : Samvatu 1132 Arrayuja Amar väsyä(yā)ni Sani-dinc. It then speaks of a grant to the god “ Kanyesvara by Kli(Ji)iiulrapáln, son of Anabila. Althouyb no titles are conjoined to his name, there can be no doubt that Jindrapala is to be identified with the Sonigarā prince of that name. Another inscription is dated Sarivatu 1168 Phaguna vodi 13 Idita-dine, and specifies the gift of one karsha of oil for the god Kimośvara by Dusalndeva, son of Vijayapala. The third inscription gives the date Sarvatu 1229 sauja varli 1 Budha-dine, and records the donntion of one dramma for cach kala of soil to the god Kärresvara by runaka Kāka, son of Sonapăla. 39. Locally this temple is noted for the chandi or self-immolation of the Chărans. It took place in V. S. 16-43 (A. D. 1586) during the regiuni of Udaysingh alias Moti-rāja (lit. corpulent king). Tventy years previously when Kav Chandersen surrendered the fort of Jodhpur to the Loghuls, he sent a way his fanánd to the Siwānā fort. On the way the bullocks of one rath or royal cart were quite exhausted. In the close vicinity there was a well belonging to a Chāran, where his bullocks were plying. The servants of the king seized these bullocks. The Chiran went into the village, and brought some people, who unyoked the bullocks and upturned the rath." In that vehicle was sitting the mother of Motārajā, whose hand was broken. But as at that time everybody was running away to save his life, she did not mind this trifle, vizes her broken hand. In A. D. 1583, lowerer, when Moti-rājā obtained Jodhpur and the caninii was brought back from Sixíụā, she showed her hand to him and insisted upon his taking some steps against the Charan who orerthrow the cart. The king confiscated his land, and those, who were trying to intercede in his favour, were also deprived of their jalagirs. This created an agitation in the Charan caste. About the close of 1585 when Udayasingh came to Sojat from the Dekkan, he confiscated the lands also of his brother Rama and his son Kallă. Thereupon no less than 11,000 Chărans assembled together in Auwa to commit chandi, and camped themselves round about the temple of Kameśvara, on promise being given by Champărat Gopāldás, thakur of Auwā, that he would see that they carried their resolution into effect uniolested. On hearing this the king despatched Akkhāji Barlag from Sojat to conciliate the Chārans. But when Akklāji arrived, he, instend of executing the mission with which he was entrusted, joined his caste-fellows in their resolution. The king enraged sent a scimitar to himn with the message aur to gale ghål kar marege aur tun guda-me ghal kar marna: (Others will die by putting a weapon on their throats but you should die by putting it into your anus); and ordered his forces to inarch to Auvā and punish the Charaṇs. Thereupon the thakur of Auwa promised to engage the royal forces in fighting till the Chārais finished their chandi. The Chāraṇs prepared a dish of sirā, partook plentifully of it, and spent the whole night in singing the hymns of Jogmāyā. Early in the dawn the Dholi of Akkhäji was helped to climb to the top of the spire, and was ordered to bent bis drum when the first rays of the sun met his eyes. The Dholī, however, did not beat the drum, but cut his throat and threw himself down when he bebeld the first rays of the sun. All the Charags understond the signal at once, seized their scimitars, and went inside the temple. Some pierced their throats with them and sprinkled Mahadeva with their blood, and others cut their throats and presented their heads to the god.) 40. From Äuwa I went to Jawālia in the Desūri district, to see the temple of Javāleśvara. There is nothing ancient about it, but since last year it has attained much importance in consequence of some excavation done there. When I came to the place, I was struck by-the architecture of it, which, though modern, is distinctively Muhammadan (Ploto. No. 3238). I wondered how this alone of all others in Márvār partook of the Muhammadap style. But my wonder in- 10 ΙΙΙ. Javalla.'

·1 It was 1 51 creased when I learnt that the temple itself was constructed by Satárs, who were in the present case no Via III Iuhammadans. The temple is quite plain, is the bull Nandi, of the shrine of about ten feet was dug into to the depth of nearly seven feet. This excavation, I am told, was carried on by Mr. O'Donell, who was Political Agent of the Aſahi Kāntha Agency but has now retired from service. He was induced and assisted by the Kärbhărī of the Mansā principality. The latter met me at the Mārwăr Junction about the beginning of February 1998. The Kärbhāri was discussing with the other Officer some matters coonected with the excavation that was to be carried on, as I learnt two months after. He, however, afterwards regretted that he had not had communication with me. For he had secured a certain copper-plate from a bania originally of Javālıā and then settled in the Panch Mabals: and it was on was informed, came forw spoke of a concealed trea also was specified. But once told them that the inscription pretended to be dated V. S. 1201, and yet was written in quite mordern Marwari characters, so that it could be easily read by any ordinary Mārwāri. The inscription was thus quite a forgery. The clue to the spot of the treasure was therein afforded by the words prathama-sopāna- 21.6 ---case There was, however, but one stair. e of the word prathama is entirely lost. vation somewhere near the stair-case, but, strange to say, they thought fit to conduct it round about the Nandi. The upshot of the whole process was that it was a much-ado-about-nothing, and the copper-plate is believed to have been forged by a Jati to extort inoney from the bansa. 41. We next proceeded to Sänderāv owned by a jahāgirdar of the Rānāvat lineage, i. e., of the kith and kin of the Maharānā of Udaipur. This is supposed to be the original seat of the Shanarak Sanderay, gachchha founded by Yaśobhadra sūri, to whom alluhas already been made in the description of Nădlāi. It is said that Yaso. bhadrasûrı came from Kathiāwār when Valabhi was sacked by the dlechchba invaders. His own favourite deity had advised him to quit the place before it was actually invaded. He had been instructed to travel northward until he beheld the phenomenon of a bull fighting with a lion. Yaśobhadrasūri came with his gang of pupils to Sanderăv, and encamped bimself near its talar or tank, when to his surprise he witnessed a fight between a bull and a lion in which the latter was worsted. His deity's word was fulfilled. He settled himself there, named the village Sanderáv after the sānil or bull that was victorious, and originated a new Jaina sect called after the village. 42. On the outskirts of this village tank is a chabutrá, whose pillars are of the Osia style and cannot be later than the 10th century (Photo No. 3242). It would be interesting to know from where these pillars were brought. For certainly there is no other trace of this style in Sanderāv. The only other object of antiquarian interest is the Jaina temple of Mahāvīra. The architecture of this structure calls for no remarks, but epigraphically it is somewhat interest. ing. On the entrance door from inside is engraved an inscription 3' il' broad by 31" high (Inscr. No. 2438). It commences with the date Samoat 1221 ilāgha vadi Sukro, when, we are told, Keldañadera ras reigning. It then states that Analaderí, queen-mother of Kelhanadeva, granted one hāela (or as much of land as could be tilled in a single day by one plougb) of yugandhari or jcar corn from the king's personal property. The grant was made to the god Mahavira, who is called müla-nayaks of the Shanderaka gachchha for the on the 13th of the dark half of Chaitra. same object from the revenue of a talára e Rashtrakūtas Pâtů, Uttamasīha, and so I. is undoubtedly the same :3 consort of Alhana, father of d to have been the daughter la is obviously the same 39 < ·52 Korta. Rāshtrakūta, and the Răshtrakūtas, Pātū, and Uttamasiha vere, therefore, her relatives from her father's side. 43. On the pillars of the sabhāmaņdapa are no less than four inscriptions which are highly weather-worn (Inscrs. Nos 2440-2). One is dated Samvat 1236 Kārttila vadi 2 Budhe, and refers itself to the reign of Kelhaņadeva. Then we are told that their own house was placed by Rālbāka, Pālhā, etc., sons of Thāṁthă at the disposal of Sri-Pārsvanātha, the god of Shamueraka (Sāņderāv) in the bhukti or jahāgir land of the queen Jálha adevī. Tour dräelas were to be given to the god annually by people residing in Rālbā's house. What coin this drācla is is not known. Again, it is not clear why Pārsvanātha is mentioned in an inscription in the temple, which was then as now dedicated to Mahāvīra. Another of these four inscriptions on the pillars, wbich can be deciphered but only partially, bears the date 1258 varshe Chaitra sudi 13 Sukre, and speaks of mahārājādhirāja Sāmaṁtasīhadeva as then reigning. Who this Sāmamtasīha was is not known, but anyhow he must not be confounded with mahārājakula Sämantasimha for whom we have dates ranging between V. S. 1339_1354. 44. Korțā is nearly sixteen miles south-west of Sāņderāv, and is almost on the boundaries of the Bali and Jālor districts. Korļā is no doubt the same as the ancient Koram. taka, which has given its name to a Jaina gachchha, and which formerly not only included the present village of Korțā, but had spread, as far south as Bämnerā. Within the bounds of Korțā there are three temples, all Jaina. Of these qne is in the village and two on the outskirts. The first is the III. temple of śāntinātha (Photos. Nos. 3245-6). It is a 14th century temple of no particular interest. On the pillars of the sabhānandapa are two inscriptions. Of these one speaks of a stanbha-latā or pillar as being erected for his mother Sūrī by an upādhyāya Padmachamdra, son of 'upādhyāya Yaśaśchandra, Near TII. the village medhi is another Jaina temple, dedicated to Rikhabdev (Rishabhadeva) (Photos. Nos. 3243-4). In the shrine is a sitting but colossal image of the first tirthařkara. On its pedestal is an inscription dated Suivat 1143 Vaiśākla sudi 3 Brihaspati-dine, Curiously it speaks of an image of Tīranāthadeva, and not of Ādinātha, as having been caused to be made by the lay worshipper Jenduka. About a quarter of a mile from the village is a third II. Jaina temple (Photos Nos. 3247-8). It is of Mahā vīra, and is of no archi. tectural importance. In the sabhámandapa have been stored together a number of sculptures exhumed near Bämạerā. The whole ground between present Kortā and Bāmạeră is artificial, and was doubtless the site of an ancient city, Koraritaka by name, as said above. When I was there, I was informed that the local banias wanted to make further excavations, and with that end in view had asked for permission of the State and were collecting subscriptions amongst themselves. Before granting the permission it would be better if the State asked the banias to carry on the excavation work under the superintendence of some officer of the Archæological Department III. 45. At Bāmạerà there is no ancient temple except that of Sürya (Photos. Nos. 3249-50). The sabhānandapa is an utter ruin. Instead, a new porch bas recently been erected in front of the shrine. Of the latter the outside walls are old, but devoid of all ornamentation. The spire is quite modern. On the porch pillars no less than five inscriptions have been engraved (Inscrs. Nos, 24464-51). Of these three are dated v. S. 1258, and refer themselves to the reign of mahārāja or mahārājādhiraja Sämamtasība. This is no doubt the same as the prince of that name mentioned with the same date in a pillar epigraph in the Jaina temple at Sāņderāv referred to above. But it is not yet known to what family he belonged. Of the remaining inscriptions one has the date Sarvat 1348 Ashādha vadi 5 Súkre, and pertains to the reign of Sāmantasimha. This king is no doubt a Sonigarā, of whom inscriptions have, as just mentioned, been found with dates ranging from V. S. 1339—1354. It records the grant, by a selahatha, 3. C., Sailahasta, whose name is lost, of three rupees per arahata or machine-well of the talapada or suburbs of Koramtaka for the fair festival of the god Mahāsvārī. Arguing from the analogy of Jagatsvāmi by which the Bainera, 6 ·53 17 Sürya of Śrīgāla (Bhinmäl) tvas known, it may be said that this Habāsvâmi was the name of the god Sürya of Bamnerā, 46. At Bāmnerā three copper-plate inscriptions were also copied (Insers. Nos, 2443-5). They were in the possession of one Khütä Rám, a Golval Brāhman. Iti fact, as the name suggests, Bāmzerā is nothing but Brāhmananagaraka, i. e., the town of the Brālimans. And, as a matter of fact, almost the whole of the population consists of Golvál Brahmans The information regarding the find and whereabouts of the copper-plates had kindly been given to me by Pandit Gauriskankar Ojha. All these refer themselves to the reign of Kellana, son of Alha taka named Nārāyaṇa, s rajpura or the great to. The first donation Sarrat 1220 Srāvana vadi 15 Budhe, and consisted of a dohalıhä or doli, i.e, a piece of land granted to Brahmans, Svāris, Sidbus, and others as distinguislı. ed from a Susana which 18 given to Chārans and Blåts. The second records the gift of a chiko or well on the occasion of a dera-utthāpani ekādasi, i. e., the 11th of the bright half of Kartika when the gods are supposed to be awake from the sleep to which they betake themselves on the lith of the bright half of Ashäha. In specifying the boundaries of the dhiku, Mahasvami dhiku is mentioned. This nhilu, of course, belonged to Mahăsvămi, who can be no other than the god Surya just referred to. The third is dated Samrat 1223 tarske Jyeshtla vadi 12 Some, and apparently makes the grant of another (hiku to the same Brāhman, 47. From Kortā, according to my previous programme, I was to go south to Rādsen, Sündha-pahād, Ratanpur and so forth in Jaswantpurã and then turn north and visit places such as Sānthü, Jalor and so on, but as the Director-General of Archæolony, who was coming to Mandor near Jodhpur for excavation work, desired me to join hiru there about the middle of February, I had to give up the idea of exploriog the Jaswantpuă district and go straight to Jälor rid Pavtã, Gudhã and Ahor. 48. From Pāvšā I visited Dodiāli and the thān of Mallināthji. The thăn is high up on hill, and is a natural cavern (Photo. (I. Payta No. 3253). Ráv Mallinathji was the eldest son of Ráv Salkhäji. Bat his name is passed over by Tod, and that of his younger brother Viramdev is mentioned, although the latter died without becoming a king. The reason ot it probably is that the Rathod princes of Jodbpur, who afterwards rose to eminence, mere in direct descent nut from Mallinathji but from Rãv Chunlan his nepher and son of Viraudev. Various legends are current about Mallmăthji in this part of Narwār. It is said that previously he was a Ráv, but afterwards became a Rával rhen he became a follower of a Saisa ascetic, through whose favour le became a siddha, 1, e., a holy personage who had acquired supernatural powers. It was at this thân near Dodiáli that he rose to learen with his horse and attained to fipal beatitude. And it is said that when this event occurred, there was a shower of saffron which has continued to the present day, though a heretic like thyself was not favoured with a sight of it when I was there. What I say there was nothing but a number of wooden figures of horsemen. They represent Mallināthji seated on his favourite steed, and had been placed there by his votaries as the presents promised for the fulfilment of their desires. These figures are placed near the door-frame of the cave which extends far beyond. Nobody has ventured to enter this cave except one Jugi, wyho, I am told, never returned. 49. At Gughā 1 learnt that there is an old temple near Thämli, a mile off The tetople is by no means ancient but some of the sculptures stowed array there may be of the 13th or 14th century (Photos. Nos, 3254-5). From Gulhi we went to Ahor. No interesting object of antiquity was found there. The village of Ahor, formerly known as Asri, is said to have been populated in V. S. 900 by the Cháhamana kings of Jālor. It is situated 'about ten miles to the north-east of Jālor. To the south of the village thero Tham Afor. MAS .14 ·54 Jalor. are a garden and a temple dedicated to the goddess Chamundā. Regarding her the following couplet is everywhere sung : Sir Sünde dhad Korațe pagalian Sundelão-ri pål. Apa birăjo Āvari gala phulari-y'i mál. Not an hour passed while I was at Ahor without somebody singing these verses. The meaning is as follows: "Your head is at Sundhă, i.e., on Sündha-pabād in Jaswantpurâ, your body in Kortā, your feet on the banks of Sundelâv in Jālor, whereas in your entire form you exist in Āvarſ (Ābor) with a garland of flowers round your neck.” 50. .Jālor is the principal town of the district of the same name in southern Mārwār,' It is situated nearly 80 miles south of Jodhpur on the banks of the Sukời streamlet. It is a place of importance in Mārwăr, famous in former ages for the strength of its fort and the many long and gallant sieges it withstood, defying the Mughal and other invaders. According to local traditions it was first built by the Paramāras, and was afterwards the capital of the Chohãn kings. They are thoroughly borne out by the inscriptions found here. For the earliest inscription discovered at Jälor is that of a Paramāra king called Visala, and is dated Sanvat 1174 Ashādha sudi 5 Bhaume. It further informs us that Malläradevi, queen of Visala, furnished the temple of Şindhurdjeśvara_vith a golden cupola. The names of six predecessors of Visala are given, and, assigning a period of twenty years for each generation, it may be stated that the Paramāra family had been reigning at Jälor since 120 years before V.S. 1174, i.Cor since A, D. 997. When the place went into the possession of the Chāhamānas is not exactly known, but certain it is, as the Sundhā bill inscription tells.us. that it was Kirtipála, who removed the Chābamāna capital from Nádol to Jābālipura, s. e., Jalor. For Kirtipāla no date has yet been found, but as the last date for his predecessor Kellana is V. S. 1236 and the earliest for his successor Samarasimha is V. S. 1239, he reigned somewhere between V.S. 1236_1239, and not more than four years. It is this short duration of his reign that accounts for the fact mentioned by the Sundhā hill inscription that his son Samarasimha built extensive ramparts on the Kanakāchala, i.e., the fort hill of Jālor as we shall subsequently see. Kirtipāla did not live sufficiently long to finish the work of fortification of the fort, which had, therefore, to be completed by his son. Jälor thus continued to be the capital of the Cbāhamâns till V. S. 1355 = A. D. 1298 when Sämantasimba was •king.) This date is supplied by an inscription found at Chohtan, which refers itself to the conjoint reigns of Sämantasimha and his son Kanhadadeva. Another inscription, dated V. S. 1353 and found at Jálor similarly speaks of the father and son reigning conjointly. Kānhadadeva must, therefore, be supposed to be reigning as yuvarāja or breir-apparent. No inscription has yet come to light of this prince. But there can be no doubt that he was king though for a few days, and he has been twice referred to in the Tawārikh Firishtah. While speaking of the conquests, in A. D. 1304, of Ein-ool- Moolk Mooltany, a chieftain of Alā-ud-Din, it says: “Nehr Dewi, Raja of Jalwar, panick-struck at the rapid progress of Eid-ool-Moolk, surrendered that place without opposition." What is published as lished as “Nehr Dew" by by Briggs, is, 1 am informed by Munshi Devi Prasād of Jodhpur, written as Kanir Dev in other manuscripts. Kanir Dev of Jalwar can thus be no other than Kãnhadadeva of Jālor. About four years he remained a feudatory of Alā-ud-Din, The account of his death and the capture of Jälor is given in the same work as follows:-" It is related that the raja of Jalwar, Nehr Dew (Kanir Der), as has been stated above, resided at the Court of Dehly. One day the king was boasting that at the present day no raja of Hindoostan dared to oppose bis arms; on which Nehr Detv, in the plenitude of folly, replied, 'I will suffer death, if I do not myself raise an army that shall défeat any attempt of the . king's troops to take the fort of Jalwar.' The king directed him to quit the court, and finding he was collecting troops, ordered a division of the army besiege Salwar; and the more to show his contempt for Nehr Dew, placed the troops under the command of one of the slave girls of the palace called Gool Bebist. The Rose of Heaven,' She had nearly succeeded in taking the fort, to ·55 and evinced great bravery, but she fell sick and died. The siege was then conducted by her son Shaheen. Nehr Dew quitted the fort and attacking the royal army, slew Shaheen, with his own hand, and the Muhammadans retreated four days successively towards Dehly. Alla-ood-Deen, vexed at this repulse, sent strong reinforcements under Kumal-ood-Deen, a general of distinction, who succeeded at last in taking Jalwar by storn, and made a dreadful slaughter, of the garrison, putting Nehr Dew and his family to the sword, and plundering all his treasures. The news of this event created great joy at the capital." The exact date of this event is not specified in the Tarcarikh Firishlāh, but the latter implies that it must have come to pass shortly before A. D. 1309. 51. The most notable object in the city of Jālor is the topkhână or a shed for artillery. It was originally a mosque believed to have been built by Ali-ud-Din, and is said to have been occupied as a topkhāná hen Jālor was taken possession of by the Rātbols. In plan the mosque is not unlike that of the Adhül-din-ka Jhonparla at Ajmer. Extervally it is a square of nearly 185 feet each side including the great coyrt-yard. All the cloisters except the western have three rows of pillars and two rows of domes (Photo. No. 3261). Of the latter those at the four corners are larger and higher than the rest. In front of the western cloister, or mosque proper, is a screen wall of a later date and left unfinished. There are three entrances, viz., the east, north, and south. That on the east is the main entrance. On the north entrance door 19 a Persian inscription in tughrá characters (Inscr. No. 2160). The whole of it has not yet been read, but it mentions, I am told, the name of Muhāmmad Tughlak. As this inscription is on a side entrance, the mosque could not have been built by that Tughlak sovereign and must, therefore, be of an earlier date. The unfinislied facade, Mr. Cousens thinks, is of the type which was prevalent during the period of the Gujarat Sultāns (Photos. Nos. 3258-60), and we have an inscription of one of them, riz., of Aluzaffar II (A, D. 1513-1526) on the fort. Probably this work of decorating the western cloister with a screen was started by lim. The mosque except the screen wall is evidently built of materials furnished by demolishing Hindu and Jaina temples. Many inscriptions have been traced licre, but the most important are as follows. (1) a Paramira - stann which is turned topsy-turvy in "haharāna juscription engraved nana gallery (Inscr. No. 2458). It is dated Sariivat 1239 l'aišākha sudi 5 gurar, refers itself to the reign of Samarasinun, son of Kirtipāla, and speaks of the mandupa of a temple of Adinaths as having been caused to be made by a Srimāla bania named Yasovira ; (3) an inscription incised on a lintel in the upper stores above the central dome of the western cloister (Inscr. No. 2461). It contains four different statements, but all pertarning to one and the same temple, vis, that of Parsvanatha. The first speaks of it as Kuvara-pihāra, and as having been built ia V. S. 1221 by the Chaulukya sovereigh Kámárapāla, being enlightened by Sri-Heniasűri on the fort of Kömchanagirı belonging to Jābālıpura (Jälor). The second part sips that it was sebuilt in V, S. 1212 by the bhandari -Yašovīra, in accordance with the orders of the maharaja Samarasimhadeva of the Chāhamāna family. The third part states that on the 11th of the bright half of Jyeshtha in V.S. 1956, the work of consecratiog the torann of Pärssanátha and also of boisting a flag was done by Purnadevāchārya. The fourth part says that in V. S. 1268 on the day of the Lamps-Festival (dip- --- of alanin vallen cupola on the newly made hall for the benefaction of 100 drammas vy unuliwune - worshipper of the temple of Kslīmbarāyeśvara to Mahāvíra of the temple channed to the Nánaka gathchha ; (5) another inscrip- Det 1993 varshe Mārgusirsha sudi 6 Budhe, e Chāhamāua king Cháchigadeva (Inscrs, Nos, 2453-4). It specities tue contribution of 50 drammas to the thandar of Mahavira of the Chandanarihára by a Teká Osral called Narapatı; and (6) an inscription engraved on a pillar in the western cloister but near the south end (Inscr. No. 2457). It gives the date Sanoat 1359 varslie l'aisükha radi 6 Some, and speaks of mahārājakula Sämantasimha as reigning at Surarnagiri ·கடு of the proper and his son Kānhaladora as subsisting on his lotus-like feet and bcaring thic burden of administration. It then records a viſt of one Narapati lo a temple of Pārsvanātha. 52. It will be seen from this account of the important insoriptions to be found in the lapkhand that the mosque was constructed from the materials of at least four different temples. Of these, one was a lIindu temple called Sindhuräjesvara. The remaining three were Jaina, and were sledicated to the tirthau karas Idinātha, Mahasira and Parávanatha, The temple of this last again was on Suvarnagiri or Kanchangiri belonging to Jābalipura (Jalor). This shows that Suvarnagiri or Kanchanagiri, which both mcan the same thing, was the name of the hill of the Jalor fort. With regard to the stones of Inscription No. *, it is specially to be noted that their length was a little too long for the breadth of the coriilor of the western cloister and the proper right portions thereof had, therefore, to be sun off to make them length. The result of it is that the initial words of each line of thc inscription are gone. 53. In the centre of the city of Jalo: is an old Inchrri said to have been built by Sunigari Viramadevil, son of Kannadeva. There are two inscriptions in its gateways (Insers, Xos. 29963.1). One is in Persian characters, and belongs to the Jughal emperor Jabványir, and the other is in Jarwārī, which will lie noticed further on. Just outside the kacheri thure is an old step-well, said to have built during the reign of Kinhaladera, and is called Sünl-rão because of the death ol a suna ur female camel there, about which a long story is narrated. Out of the Sorkhana gateway there is a large tink called Sundclás, which holds water throughout the year and supplies most of the town's demand. On the easternmost bank of it is a slirine of Chamundâ mnili, referred to above in the account of Ahor. In a shed attached to this shrine is a sculpiure which is worshipped as Chosat-Jogini. It bears an inscription with the date Sanat 1175 Priscilla roli i Bar. It further speaks of the niche (Ikultak) of Suvidhidera being furnished with a small door in a Jaina temple of Jāvālipura. This is thus clearly a Jaina sculpture, and, curiously enough, is now worslıipped by the Hindus. 54, The fort of Jälor is about $00 yards long and 100 yards wide. It crowns a rveky hill of an altitude of 1,200 feet above the surrounding plain and commands the town, which hugs the northern slope of the hill on which the fort stands out prominently. The fort has four portals, riz., the Süraj pol, Dhů pol, Chand pol, and Loh pol. The objects of antiquarian interest on the fort are two Jaina temples and »ne mosque. Of the former one is a chaumukh tenuple with two storyes (Photos, Vos. 3364-6). The four tirthamkaras installed in the first storey are idinaiba, Supārsva, Ajita, and Srerārsa, as the inscription on them infurins us, In the second storey three only have inscriptions which tell us that they are Suridhi, Aranātha and Sambhava. All these images were set up in V. S. 1683 by Jayamalla and his wives Sarūpade and Sohagade. 55. Vear the western door there is a life-size image of Kumthunātha : placed in the corner. The inscription on it contains the date Saucat 1681 Ourshe Jägh sudi 10 Some, and speaks of the image having been caused to be made by Samidāraka, an Osval of Meltā and installed by Vijayaderasūri. 56. The other Jaina temple has in the shrine colossal images of three tirthaikaras. Un all of them are engraved long inscriptions, from which it appears that the central image is of Jäbā vīra, and those on his proper right and left are Chandraprabha and Kumthunātha. They were caused to be made by Jayamalaji, who was an Csarāla of the Friddhašākhā and of Jubaạotra gotra, i.e., an Osrál. Vunoyat. The inscriptions are dated Sancat 1681 carshe prathama Chaitra cudi 5 gura', and refer themselves to the reigu of Mahārāja Šri-Gajasimhuji of the Rathod family and Sūrasimgha line:ge, As said in my account of Nádol, Gajasimha is Räjā Gaj, king of Jodhpur, and son and successor of Rajā Sür. Jayamalaji was a son of Sahi Jesā IT. Sund, as shown abore, also a means ball.

·b7 and his wife Jayavanta. He had two wives Sarúpade and Sohāgade. Fror the first he had the sons Nainasi, Sundaradása and Asakaraña, and from the secund, Jagamåla. Of tbese Naiņasi is the most celebrated T'ho mont daren. chronicle of Märvår, which is looked upon a for Márvär but also for Mewar and other by him, and is known as Müta•Nensitīsri Luen we are told by the 11. ette mutta sāgaragani in accordance with the orders of Vijayadevasüsi. In the gūdhaman. dapa are two side cells. In one is the figure of Dharmanātha caused to be made and installed by Jayamalaji in Sancat 1683 varshe Ashādha radi 4 gurau. The image in the other cell bas also an inscription, which gives the same date, but does not state whose image it is, 57. The only old portion of this temple now left is the outside walls of the II. shride. They are certamly of the Solanki period, and could very well bave been built in the time of Kumarapala as the inscriptions say (Photos. Nos. 3268-9). An inscription from the topkhână, as we have already seen, also speaks of a temple of Kumārapăla. It may be this temple. It was then dedicated to Pārsvanātha, as that inscription states. The temple appears to have been afterwards desecrated and sculptures carried off to build the mosque below. It then seems to have been rebuilt by Jayamalaji and to have been dedicated to Mahā víra. 58. Near this temple is a mosque. (Photo No. 3272), which contains a II. Persian inscription (Inscrs. Nos. 2468-9). From it we learn that it was built by Jiuzaffar II, a Gujarāt Sultan. Other objects of interest on the fort are palaces of the Rātbods, of no particular nunhitantul wanait na Shāh, the rampart of the Dahiyás and the are a Rajput tribe, who were originally in part of the present Jālor rampart is still showo as that constructed by the Dahiyās (Photo No. 3270). It was they, it is said, wbo betrayed the Sonigaràs to Ala-ud-Din, and brought his forces up the hill by a pass unknown to the people before. Vivamdev ki choichi is nothing but a raised platform, where Viramadera, son of Känhadadeva first intended to raise a chhatri. This was, however, not done. Here be used to come for airing, and this is no doubt tho higbest part of the bill, and commands the grandest view. On the south-east from Mailāvas and Pangra. Behind it is the Dodiāļi to Sirohi. Further, but on the south, 3270). On the west is the Kaņiágiri which III. > of Jalandharnatha called Siremandır and built *273). On the north is the Chhappan the Sukdi river are perhaps the most rir : 59. Siwāna is the principal town of the district of the same name and situated about 56 miles south-west of Jodhpur, According Siwand to local traditions, its founders were Paramāras, whose leader, Vira-Nārāyaṇa, built a fortress bere, which is now in a fair state of preservation. Subsequently it as ipsaded by Alá-nd-Din, as we learn from the Taicărikh Firishish. At that time Sätalder jag reigning. After Alä-ud. Din's death it was captured by the Rathods. 60. The fort is not very high, and when a visitor first sees it, he wonders how tbe fort offered the most stubborn resistences to the various foes that besieged it. But as he surveys it carefully, its merits are more and more brought home to his minů. The bill, on which the fort is situated, though not of any great height, is extremely precipitous Besides, the whole fort, as one ascends it, is seen to be like a boat, as the people call it, the interior being of a lower level than the brink. Ordinary canon balls thus pass clean over it without damaging the interior. The personage whose name is most closely associated with the fort is Rāthod Kallā Râimalot, whose cenotaph still exists within its walls. A long narrative of his exploits is found in the chronicles of the local Kåpguvās. B 768-15 ·55 61. On one of the city gateways is engraved an inscription, which, though modern, is not unintoresting. The same inscription is incised on a gateway near the local kacheri of Jālor, as mentioned above. It gives notice to the persons concerned that under a resolution passed in the month of Kārtika in V.S. 1896 (A, D, 1840) in the presence of Mahārājsāleb (Münsinghji) and the Agent to the Governor-General of Rājputānā, no Rijpīt shall commit infanticide and at the time of marringe no payments shall be made to or recrived by the Blațs and Dholis beyond thosc fised thicrein. If we rend Tod's Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan, especially that part of it where lo describes the Rajpat customs, we shall see that infanticide was the only custom to which he took exception and regarding which lic rated the Rajputs scverely and even called them inhuman, Nearly one whole chapter is devoted to the means of suppressing this evil practice, and he has quite correctly suggested that until means were devised to impose some sort of check upon thic preposterous demands of the Bhits and Pliolis, 110 measures could be of any avail. And it was this agitation first started by Tod that bore fruit in the form of the resolution just referred to, which cffectively gagged the mouths of the professionni panegyrists and laid the axe, as it were, to the very root of female infanticide. 62. From Siwani I wout to Jodhpur to join and help the Director- General of Archæology, who came there to carry on excavations at MInndor. I was at that place for nearly two months. The results of the excavation work carried on there will be described by him in the Archaeological Annual. Mandor. D. R. BHANDARKAR, Assistant Superintendent, Archäological Survey; Poona, 1õth July 1909. Western Circle.

·59 List of public libraries, etc., to which copies of the Archæological Survey Reports, New Imperial Series, including the Director- General's Annual Report, Part II, and the Provincial Annual Reports of the Superintendents are regularly supplied. Napler Designation. Number of copies to be supplied. 1.-COUNTRIES OUTSIDE INDIA. United Kingdom. 1 Rritich rann....! I 3 1 1 uuuuu). . 19 3 JJ 5 Cambridge University Library, Cambridge 6 Edinburgh Edinburgh 7 Glasgow Glasgow 8 Aberdeen Aberdeen 9 Trinity Collego Library, Bublia 10 F.S... 11. C. 11 12 R : London, w: 13 Advannte Time in 1 W.O. on Hanover Square, 1 1 1 1 1 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 I vuseu Otreet, Luluuurgu Imperial Institute, London Iudian Institute, Oxford Society for Protection of Ancient Buildings, 10, Buckingham Street, Adelphi, London, W. C. The Royal Academy of Arts, Burlington House, London Society for the promotion of Hellenic Studies, London 26 27 .. 1 France. 28 29 30 Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris Institute de France, Paris Blusée Guimet, 7, Place d'Iéna, Paris 1 1 1 31 82 33 34 Germany. Bibliothek der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, Halle (Saale) Germany Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin *Royal Museum for Ethnology, Berlin *Konigliche Gesellschaft der Wissenchaften zu Gottingen, Gottingen Gerinany Kgl. Preussiche Akademieder Wissenschaften W. 35, Pots damerstrasse 120, Berlin 1 35 1 Austria, 36 37 Imperial Academy of Sciences, Vienna Hungerian Academy, Buda-Pesth • Director-General's Report, Part II ·mer 60 ,- Nanter of opies to be suppli.d. Nanbor. Designation. 1.-COUNTRIES OUTSIDE INDIA-continued. Italy. ... 38 39 40 41 42 Biblioteca Nazionale, Vittorio Emanuele, Rome R. Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Firenze British School at Rome American School of Classical Studies at Rome *The Societa Asiatica Italiana, Firenze 1 1 1 1 1 ... -- Other Countries in Europe. 45 44 45 1 1 .. 46 . Koninklijke Akademie van Wettenschappente, Amsterdam, Holland Royal Institute of Netherlands India, The Flague, Holland ... Imperial Academy of Sciences (for the Asiatic Museum), St. Petersborg, Russia *** Royal Library, Copenhagen, Denmark *National Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark Académie Royale d'Archéologie de Belgique, Anvers University Library, Upsala, Sweden Christiania, Norway British School at Athens, Greece La Société Archéologique d'Athénes, Athens, Greece ... 48 49 50 51 52 1 :1, 2 1 1 1 1 .. .. ... America. .. 53 54 55 56 American Oriental Society, 235, Bishop Street, New Haven, Conn., U.S.A. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., U.S.A. Secretary, National Museum, Washington. U.S.A. Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago-- United States America 1 1 1 1 .. British Colonies. $$ 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 The Museum, Canterbury, New Zealand Literary and Historical Society, Quebec, Canada Melbourne Library, Melbourne University Library, Sydney, New South Wales Victoria Public Library, Perth, Western Australia Royal Asiatic Society, Ceylon Branch, Colombo Straits Branch, Royal Asiatic Society, Singapore *North China Branch of Royal Asiatic Society, Shanghai Museum of Arabic Art, Cairo, Egypt 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ... 1 Foreign Colonies. 66 67 68 09 1 1 ... Directeur de l'Ecole Française d'extrême Orient, Hanoi Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Batavia. Institut Français D'Archéologie Orientale du Caire, Cairo, Egypt Ethnological Survey for the Philippine Islands, Department of Interior, Manila 1 II.-INDIA. (1) Imperial. بده ... .. 2 3 Imperial Library, Calcutta Indian Museum, Calcutta *Press Room, Calcutta and Simla ... •+ 1 1 1 1. * Director General's Report, Pari 11.

·61 Natr. Designation. louber of coplen to be supplico- 11.-INDIA-continued. (2) Provincial. Madras, Can-teine Tih T... 5 7 8 9 10 1 1 - Government Central Maseum, Jadras Coristian College Library, Madras Bombay. Sonuninint Tel.-- DL- 12 18 14 15 36 27 MUUR VA 1, Huy The College of Science, Poona Sassoon Mechanics' Institute Libmrs, Bombay Mechanics' Institute, Kurdchi, Smud ---- .. V. Bengal. Centerih -- Tann' D 11: - retty 10. ud 18 19 20 21 22 1 1 1 Asiatic society of Bengal, Dr, Park Street, Culcutta United Provinces. ------- The DWT Al'Ahabad ... ... 1 . 23 24 25 26 27 28 23 1 3 doo 1 ... 30 31 82 83 34 85 Punjab. Secretariat Library, Pubilic Works Department, Laboro Panja , Public Library, Lihore Moreuic Libiny, Lebore Upiversity Library, Lalore Government College Labrars, T.shore ... Delli Museus and lostitute, Delbi 1 .. ... North-West Frontier Province, 1.. 36 87 Secretariat Library, Pesli kar *Museuin Library, l'esbÅ var ? Burma, 40 38 39 40 Secretariat Library, Rangoon The Bernard Free Library, Rnagoon The Phayle Blu euin, Raaguoti 1 •40 .. • Lirector General's Rolat IL 768-10 1 ·62 Xumber. Desiguation. Number of copies to be supplied. II.INDIA - continued. Central Provinces. ... ... 41 +2 Secretariat Library, Nagpur Museum Library, Nagpur 3 ; 1 1 . Assam, 43 Secretariat Library, Shillong 1 .. Coorg. The Chief Commissioner of Coorg's Library, Bangaloro اسل .. NATIVE STATES. Hyderabad. 45 The Resident's Library, Hyderabad 1 .. Central India. 46 sont 1. 48 Library of the Agent to the Governor-General, Indore The Librarian, Dbar Musean Library, Dbār Rajkumār College, Indore Rajputana. ... 49 Library of the Chief Commissioner and Agent to the Governor-General, Ajmer College Library, Ajmer .. . 1 1 50 ... Baroda. 51 Library of the Resident at Baroda 1 + Kathiawad. 52 53 Watson Museum, Rajkot Sir Bhagvatsinghji Library, Goudal 1 1 > 1 ·Annual Reports - Progress Report of the Archäological Survey, Western Circle, for the year ending 31st March 1909 General Department, Bombay Castle, No. 6011 23rd November 1909. Letter from the Superintendent, Archäological Survey, Western Circle, No. 513, dated 2nd October 1909.- "With reference to your letter No. 508) of the 30th ultimo, I have the honour to torward my Progress Report for the year ending the 31st March 1909 for approval, and for the favour of orders being communicated to the uovernment Central Press fur the number to be printed off. I enclose a spare prooi of the same in order that Government may, if they see fit, send it on to Mr Marshall, in advance, for his information He is probably requiring it in order to prepare his own annual Report for the year $0 * * "The photographs to accompany the report will be despatched on Monday, the 4th instant. "Copies of Conservation Notes referred to in paragraph 36 of the Report are attached for perusal of Government." Letter from the Superintendent, Arcbæological Survey, Western Circle, No. 515, dated 4th October 1909 Government letter to the Superintendent, Archäological Survey, Western Circle, No 5375, dated 18th October 1909 :- "I am directed to return herewith the proof cky of the Progress Report of the Archæological Survey, Western Circle, for the vear ehding 31st March 1999, received with your letter No.513, dated the 2nd instant, and to request that a printed copy of the Report duly signed, may be submitted as early as possible, as the Report is overdue I am to invite your attention to paragraph 2 of Government Resolution No 94. dated the 15th February 1905, and to ask that future reports should not be submitted to Government in proof "2. I am further to request that printed copies of the present and future reports may be sent to the Director General of Archæology in Ir dia." Letter from the Superintendent, Archäological Survey, Western Circle, No 574, dated 20th October 1909 - "With reference to your letter No. 5375 of 18th instant, I have the honour to forward a printed copy of my Progress Report for year ending 31st March 1909, duly signed as requested. "I was under the impression that all Press matter was called 'proof' until the final orders for printing off were given, which in this case is given by Government when they communicate the number of copies to the Press I should have called what I sent d'copy and not a proof. "I understand that I am to send sinular copies of the Report to the Director General before the Report is approved by Government. RESOLUTION ---This Report contains an interesting, record of the work performed during the year by the Superintendent and the Assistant Superintendent 2. The further investigation of the Brahmarabad site by the Superintendent has proved that although of historical interest, he remains are not worth the expense of syste conservation and excavation Government agree with the Superintendent that the removal of eartn by the cultivators of the surrounding land and of bricks by the Public Works Department need not in future be interfered with, 3. Near Mirpur Khas the remains of a large Buddhist establishment have been discovered Arrangements should be made to prevent the further rimoval of remains from this site until it has been more closely investigıted by the Archæological Department. 4. The Railway authorities should be addressed with the view of recovering the slabs mentioned in paragraph 141 of Part II of the Report of the Superintendent. 5. The Assistant Superintendent continued to investigate the archæological remains scattered throughout Rajputana An inscription of peculiar interest in Genl 1155 ·connection with the ancient history of Mcwar has been recovered through the exertions of Pandit Gaurishankar Ojhā to whom all antiquarians owe a debt of gratitude. 6. The programmes of work for the ensuing season contained in paragraphs 106 and 107 of Part 1 of the uperintendent's Report have the approval of Government. 7. Copies of the Report should be forwarded to the Agencies concerned, the Under "ecretary of State ir India, the Government of India, the Commissioner in - ind, the Cominissioners of Divisions, all Collectors, including the Collectors and Deputy Commissioners in Sind, the Director of Agriculture, the Municipal Commissioner for the City of Bornbay, the Compiler, General Administration Report for 1908-09, the Revenue, Political and Public Works Departments, and the Honorary Secretary to the Committee of the Prince of Wales Muscuni of Western India. Copies should also be forwarded, as usual, to the officers and institutions concerned and placed on the Editors' Tables. 8. Of the photographs submitted by the Archæological Superintendent, the mounted set should be deposited in the :-ccretariat Library and the unmounted sets should be sent to the Under Secretary of State for India in accordance with the orders contained in Government Resolution No. 3273, dated the 4th June 1906, and to the Hi nourable the Agent to the Governor General in Rajputana and the Resident at Baroda. L. ROBERTSUN, Acting Secretary to Governmeni. To The Superintendent, Archäological Survey, Western Circle, ? The Commissioner in Sind, The Commissioner, N. D., The Commissioner, C. D., The Commissioner, S. D., All Collectors, including the Collectors and Deputy Commissioners in Sind, With copies of The Director of Agriculture, the Report. The Municipal Commissioner for the City of Bombay, The Compiler, General Administration Report for 1908-cy, The Revenue Department, The Political Department, The Public Works Department, The Separate Department (with the mounted photographs), The Government of India (by letter No. 6018, dated 23rd November 1903), The Under Secretary of State for India (by letter), The Hon'ble the Resident at Hyderabad (Deccan), The Resident at Baroda, By letter No. 6019, dated The Hon'ble the Agent to the Governor General in thc 23rd November Central India, The Hon'ble the Agent to the Governor General in Rajputana, The Honorary Secretary to the Committee of the Prince of Wales Museum of Western India, The Editors' Table, Bombay, The Editors' Table, Poona, The Editors' Table, Dharwar, The Editors' Table, Belgaum, The Editors' Table, Karachi, The Editors' Table, Sukkur. 1909.

·GOVERNMENT OF BOMBAY. GENERAL DEPARTMENT. ARCHÆOLOGY. PROGRESS REPORT OF THE ARCHÆOLOGICAL SURVEY OF WESTERN INDIA FOR THE YEAR ENDING 30TH JUNE 1905 PART I, < Work at Head quarters. I, OFFICE ROUTING. During the last monsoon recess at Head-quarters, the staff was employed upon the usual office work, which is very diversified now that a museum has been added to the office under my charge. Draftsmen and photographer, and even the peons, now help in duties connected with the latter, such as the making of plaster casts of inscriptions and carred stone work, paper moulds for which have been brought in from the districts. We have also made plaster casts of coins, which will be mentioned again under Museums'. In the way of usual work, the draftsmen, of whom I have had but one for part of the time, have been finishing off, in ink, drawings plotted in previous years, and in making tracings, as office copies, of all plans and other drawings accompanying estimates for conservation purposes. The photographer has been kept busy printing copies from the photographic negatives taken last season, some 1,215 prints having been made. Of my two draftsmen, one was away on sick leave from the 12th August 1903 to the 11th May 1904, and the other took sick leave on the 4th January 1905 for six months. With both of them, their health seems to be breaking up, and this is producing its effect upon the quality and quantity of their work. A third draftsman, Dhundirāj Govind Phalke, was taken on under sanction conveyed in Government of Bombay Resolution No. 6597 of 2nd December 1904, General Department, and he joined Dr. Bhāndārkar's camp in Rajputânā on the 4th January, 1905. He combines a knowledge of photography with draftsmanship. I have, as yet, little knowledge of his capabilities in the latter work, but if he is as good in it as he is in photography, I shaļl be well satisfied, 2. Mr. Bhandarkar's own report accompanies this. During the monsoon recess last year his time was fully taken up with Mr. Bhandarkar's Tour. inscription work, and bis initiation into the general work of the Department. He is very painstaking in his work, and the aniline hawodorolne thoroughness with which he gives promise of an officer wb panied me to Jhālrāpātaộ in: tour I had mapped out, throuş Bundi, and Udaipur, in order Remains in Rājputānā. For at our disposal permitted, before be started, and he had then grasped suthicient of the subject to enable him to discriminate between remains of archaeological interest and others. He returned on the 2nd May with notes of remains at B 468-1 .

·2 --- twenty-sis places Fisited, together with one hundred and fifty-six, photographin negatives. His own. report, which follows, gives brief descriptions of thes remains. Having been appointed to act for Dr. Bloch, Archæological Surveyo Bengal Circle, during that officer's absence on six months' leave, Mr. Bhāndārk: handed over charge of his office to me on the 19th May last. 3. The diary of his movements on tour is as follows: II. ASSISTANT ARCHÆOLOGICAL SURVEYOR'S DIARY. 1904. November 22nd 25th to 3rd December 4th St12 9th to 10th 17th 20th Left Poona for Jhālräpātan in Rajputānā. Working upon the old temples at Jhālrăpătan, Left Jhålräpātan for Mukandarra. Proceeded to Amvam. At Anvar, from which visited Kollāņā. Left Àruyan for Sirod. Proceeded to Atru. December 24th to Jan, 3rd. Christmas holidays. 1905, ... January 4th ... Proceeded to Rāmgarh. 12th Left Răugarh for Kishanganj. 16th ... Left Kishanganj for Bărân. 25th Arrived at Kotäh, from whiclı place visited and photographed the old temple at Kaņsuvām, and at Charchomā. February 3rd ... Left Kotal for Keshorāi-Patan, 9th ... Arrived at Bijolia, from which visited Brindabap. 1 Sth ... Proceeded to Jādoli. 22nd ... Left Jadoli for Tilasma; also examined old temple at Deroli. 27th Left Tilasmā for Aroli, from which esamined and photographed temples at Menal; also copied inscriptions, Darch 7th Moved on to Mandalgarh. 15t2 Reached Nagari, I Sth Left Nagarī for Chitorgarh. 23rd ... Arrived at Udaipur. Made impressions of inscriptions in the Udaipur museum, and photographed old temple of Vishnu. Also visited Karera from here. April 10th ... Left Udaipur for Eklingji. Also esamined and photographed several old temples at Nägdā, and took impressions of inscriptions. 21st Returned to Udaipur. 22nd Left Udaipur for Mandsaur, from which also visited Afzalpura. 27th Tent on to Indor. Nay 2nd Returned to Head-quarters, Poona. 4. I find it is impossible now, with so great an area under my supervision, and the uncertainty of sudden calls to visit and report Superintendent's Tour. upon particular works in progress, to follow out my programmes, as published in my Progress Reports, in their entirety. My first trip was not foreseen when my programme was penned. It was to Dhär and Māndu. Captain-Barnes was proceeding on long leave, and he was anxious that I should visit those places and see the state of the work there before he left. This I did in October. In November I visited the ruined temples at Chandrävati, near Jhālrāpātan, in the Jlälawār State, timing myself to meet Major Bannerman there, the Political Agent. I was fortunate also in meeting the Chief, who had but recently returned from England. As already stated I took WIr. Bhåndārkar with me, and left him there to start on his own tour. My notes on the temples there will be found in the second part of this report, Another unexpected call was from Bundelkhand. I had already visited the Khājarāhā temples a year previously, and had submitted my proposals for conservation work there, framed in accordance with the funds likely to be allotted by the Chhatarpur Darbār. But, it afterwards being determined to spend more, the Political Agent, Ir. Jardine, asked if I could again go over the temples with him. This I. did in December, and on the 10th January sent him my amplified proposals, printed. Owing to complaints made by Captain C.. E.

·.3 1 Dlatila Luard, Superintendent for Gazetteers, of the manner in which the work at the Sānchi top was being carried out, Mr. Aſarshall had asked me if I could examine it and report to him. On my way back, therefore, from Bundelkhand, I stopped a day at Sānchi for that purpose. My report on this I could not send in information from Mr. Cook, the State Je had met with a serious accident which however, Mr. Marshall was desirous of meeting me somewhere on his tour, and was in hospital in Bombay. Later on, we settled apon Sánchi, where Mr. Cook joined us. We went very thorvughly into the charges made by Captain Luard and I submitted my report, with plan and photographs, to Mr. Marshall on the 27th February last. 5. In the meantime I had visited the remains of the famous Rudra Mahālaya at Sıddhapur in North Gujarát, having been informed by the Resident at Baroda that the Darbār were anxious to do something to conserve those colossal ruins. I sent in my proposals later on. From the 24th December until the 12th of January, I was confined to my room with a lame fuot, but, though it prevented my going on tour during that time, I was able to carry out my ordinary office work. 6. On the 7th February I was able to start on my projected tour in Berar and the Central Provinces. In the former province I visited the hill forts of Narnālā add Gāvilgarh. It was from here that I went to meet Mr. Marshall at Sānchi, as already noticed. My notes, upon the conservation necessary at these two places, were sent on to the Commissioner early in May. 7. From Gávilgarh we proceeded to the Cbāndā District, where remains at the following places were visited, examined, ar Neri, Wägnak, Bhāndak, Chanda and Mārkanda. of March. My office work, having increased longer halts in order to work off accatulations of correspondence. The places and monuments visited are shortly described in the second part of this report. 8. Having received a very heavy estimate for work at the temples at Rāmtek, north of Nagpur, which I did not think was necessary, I visited that place after finishing off the Chāndă District. I found the buildings specified in the estimate not of sufficient merit or interest to warrant public money being spent on them; but, at the same time, I found a little ruin, which was quite overlooked, of very considerable interest, for which I will shortly send in proposals for conservation. The original estimate has been returned with the request that it may be cancelled. On my way to Rāmtek, I examined certain brick foundations near Mansar, brought to my notice by Mr. Walker, then Deputy Commissioner of Nāgpur. On the oth of April we returned to Poona. All the more important monuments in the Central Provinces have been visited, and work has been started on several. There are, of course, many more of less account, and it may be a few of first rate interest, not yet discovered by any one capable of judging their merits, which remain to be visited and examined. But my object, in my last two season's touring in those provinces, has been to get work commenced at once upon the more important buildings. Office work at Poona, and the developing of all the negatives taken by us during this last tour, together with a great number sent in by Mr. Bhandarkar, prevented me from making my proposed tour through the Kanarese Districts. In I visited and examined the work in progress at the Dilwāra temples at Abu, and on the buildings at Ahmedabād, and, in the begioning of June, visited Bijāpur and Ahmednagar. At the latter place the Army Remount Department have asked permission to pull down the old Faria Bāgh in order to use the material for building barracks. 9. On my return from Gujarat I called upon the Collector of Thânã. A question had arisen concerning the Kanheri Cares. Mr. Chhabildās Lallubbãi, 1-1.11h, naves are situated, proprietor of Magathān claimed them as his p his claims were admitted by the Bomba considering what steps he should take to the Preservation of Monuments Act.

·܂ 10. I'lon filling is a diary of any bar' inom ܀ 111. SUPERINTENDENT'S DIARY. Oct. 1.roll f'riti??'s , Illar otel V.4. ! 1 At lalu 3 It loomade. ... Vilir! 1. A,:.: 1): .-15 .. 17775.129:-1, (*1. D.:. 19:11 ou.....!!!!!!!!!! Varie ... r 11: a' (hi? M1:34,541 viso leser "Tani.Kami ingin ti 9 IkturW.813.1 Ciclamp. rez. en Rimbols. Atl.511.109.-. dirik! I'::... 10:11 Atletico in Pon Tor Mount in hindi 2011 to 3rd 20111 m 314...it Iltzeltd. 114th Cloí lhini with place to the kinbcri cites, all sette's to l'uom. Joue At leal.quarters June 12th ... Leit lions in Bijipur. 13tli nad 1.41h... alt ligur. 3:5th lientIlijipur for Almednagar. loth Returncu t l'oon3. IV, THE YEAR'S WORK. 11. The year's work in conservation matters is shown in the following lists, which are followed by explanatory notes upon the various works completed or in progress. What little was done in the sny of original exploration was clone in conjunction with conservation, the new places visited by us being Narnāla and Gávilgarh Forts, the olul templos at Bintala, Neri, Wagnak, Riutek, am Jhālrăpătan, and the old brick sites at Jansar. It is proposed to cxcavato ·and examine the latter, when opportunity presents itself, as I have a suspicion that we have there the core of a stūpa and foundations of a Buddhist settlement. 12. In January last, the Mabalkari of Mokhādā, in the Thāna district, reported the discovery of a small care near Tashale village, situated under the Ghâts, some 16 miles due north of Kasara Railway Station. Mr. H. Der's account is very lucid and intelligible, and it is a pleasure to receive such. He noticed the leading features, which he clearly explajoed, and accompanied his account with a plan. He asked for a grant of Rs, 76 to have it cleaned out and freed from brushwood and jungle, which I was able to obtain for him through the Public Works Secretariat. The whole of the grant was used. 13. My visit to Tamangarh Fort, which I had proposed in my programme, was abandoned, for the present at least, for the following reasons. Upon enquiry as to the best way of reaching the fort, the State Council of Karauli reported that the best way was by a road of 76 miles. There was no shelter, tents being necessary, and long notice being required in order that arrangements might be made, and the jungle and precincts of foi cleared of wild animals with which it is infested. It was also added that the fort is in utter ruin. The late General Sir Alexander Cunningham gives a short description of the fort in his report, volume XX, in which he says it is now quite deserted, and the people are afraid to enter it, as it is quite overgrown with jungle and full of wild beasts. I had not time, after visiting Jhālrāpātan, to wait for these preparations to be made, but, as I have been asked to visit Dīy in the Bharatpur State this next cold weather, I will see whether I canuot do Tāmangarh then as well. 14. No new drawings were made during the touring season, since I had no draftsman with me. The head draftsman, who Drawings. had but lately returned from sick leave, was still not in a state to knock about in the districts, and was left behind at head-quarters to ink in drawings of previous seasons, which had been plotted in pencil. Four such drawings, very elaborate in their detail, were elevations of the four gate: ways of the Sánchi top. The paper of these pencil drawings, if kept too long, goes bad, and it becomes impossible to ink them, the ink sinking in as into blotting paper; but, when once inked, they are safe. It is therefore necessary to get the few, still left in pencil, finished off without further loss of time, else we should have to redraw them all over again. The other draftsman took medical leave, under the Civil Surgeon's certificate stating it was necessary, on the 4th of January. Government, too, have stated that they are not anxious that our great stock of drawings should be further augmented at present, time and attention being paid more to conservation work. I have therefore po list of drawings to includo in this year's report. 15. As to photographs, upon which Gorernment laid more stress, we bare not done badly. Mr. Bhandarkar, who, a year ago, Photographs. was feeling his way, for the first time, in dark room matters, bas progressed rapidly, and he and his draftsman-photographer, brought in from their tour no less than 156 negatives-whole-plate, half-piate, and quarter.plate sizes, making, with my own, 189, This large number will entail a good denl of work in taking off prints, six sets or 1,131 prints, at least, being required. Mr. Bhāndārkar's photographs, with his notes, will enablo us, when we have all the material in, to compile very complete and accurato lists of remains in Rajputànā. 16. The followirg is a list of the photographs taken during tho year:- V. LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN DURING 1904-1905. Serial Samber Locality. Title of Phi tigraph. 10 or Sentire 12 x 10 $ 2315 Narnala 2316 Do. 2317 Do. Jabāksli gateway, front rien, mith R. 1. Iong Po. do, W. A lens Do. general vice of top, shosisz in- Feription. Geveral Ficts of bill from Chikaldi .. 2318 Gawilgarh B4632 ·6 Sirial Number. Sirin Vorivr. Locali:y. Title of l'in:rra; h. . ... ... :) - ... ... Do. 99 .. ... .. 10 x 10 3319 Giwilgurl Dari Darwin 2390 Do. Great mosque', north cod 5120! 2321 Blatali Old temple, from soutli-cast 23:32 Do. Do. South 2323 Do. ...Small tejile 232. Do. Do. front ni 12 x 10 23:5 Neri Old temple on tunk, from south 2326 Do. Do. north 2327 Bhandak Old temple on Tiuki Talár, Exterior 2325 Do. Do. Interior 2329 Do. Old temple of Clindiki 2330 Do. Do. Image of kill at $!%51 2351 Do, Old Ilindu bridge 2332 Chinda Gond tornb 9x10 2333 Do. Monoliths, general view from south 233.1 Do. Do. north-0:14 2335 Do. Nánásilcb Bhonsle's temple near Pulice Thiali S! *6? 2336 Do. lchale oma toinpic, lion on woocicn pillar 2337 Järkan? Lärge temple froin south-rise 12x 10 2335 Do. Do. north-east 2339 Temple of Mrikanda $1461 2310 Do. Temple G. (on Cunningham's plan) 23.11 Do. Temple of Dasivatira 2312 Do. Nandi Pavilion 12x10 23.13 Do. General view of group of temples from south 8345 Do. Do. dio iburili 23.15 Ramtek Small old temple, from north Stereo 2316 Do. Do. soutli 2817 Albu Vimal Shali's temple. shewing new bean inserted pinie. 23:18 Chandrirati (Jhal. Kiliki Maja's temple, l'ront rapatan). 2349 Do. Do. Back 2350 Do. Temple of Sitalcsram Jabadeva, Front 2351 Do. Do. Sido view, froin northcast 2352 Do. Narasitiiha temple, Back 2353 Do. Varäha temple, Front 2354 Do. Sat Saheli teinple, Back 2355 Do. Do, Interior 2356 Do. Visliņu's temple, Back 2357 Do. Old ruined temple with no deity iu shrine, back rics of. 2358 Mukandarra Bhim-kc-Chauri, Side view 2359 Do. Do. Side view of the porch 2360 Alirani Temple No. 1, Back 2361 Do. Temple No. 2, Back 2362 Do. Temple No. 3, Frout from north-east 2363 Do. Do. do. south-east 2564 Do. Do. Back from south-west 2365 Do. Do. do. north-west 2366 | Do. Temple No. 4, Back 2367 Do. Temple No. 5, Front 2368 Do. Do. Back from soutlı-Test 2369 Do. Do. do. wortli-rest 2370 Do. Badari-Nārāyaṇa temple, interior 2371 Do. Jaina temple (No. 7), Tront 2372 Do. Do. Iuterior 2373 Do. Jaina temple, (No. 8), Front 2374 Do. Do. Back 2375 Do. Temple No.9, Back from south-rest 2376 Kollāņā Temple, Back of 2377 Sirod Mabādera's temple, Front 2378 Do. Thakurji's temple, Interior 2379 Do. Do. Back 2380 Atra Mālis Phuldevrå temple, Doorway 2381 | Do. Śyama Sundara temple, Side view 2382 Do. Do. Interior 2383 Do. Do. Door frame in front 2384 Do. Gosāvi's temple of Mahădera, Doorway 2385 Do. Dabākāleśvara temple, Doorway . 7 ... .. 1.. ... .. ... 1 ... 29 .. .. ... . ... ... ... .. ... ... .. 1 ... ... * ... .. ... . . 71 ·7 Serial Sumber. Loca'ity. Title of Photographe Size of Negative. plate 5) 3 1 37 Back j) .. ••• . .. + Do. :::::::::::::::::::::: . 31 55 ) . Back view 12 )) 3) 99 3 >> 33 Do. . . 90 > 2386 | Atru .-.-.-en als Trzinfo- 2387 Do. 2958 Du, 3 238) Do. 2390 Ramgarh 2001 Do. Du. Interor 2392 Do Do 2313 Do. Temple No. 2, Front 2394 Do. Temple No. 3, Back 2305 Do. Jaina temple, Interior 2396 Kaņsavām Karnesvara Dlabādeva temple, Front 2397 Do. Do. Back 2398 Chåreboirā Chaumieśvara Mahadeva temple, Interior 2399 Do. Front 2100 Do. 초 Do, Back 2101 Kesbayrai Pātan. JambudsIpa temple, Interior of a cell 2102 Do. Keshavrai temple, Side view 2403 Bijolia Páráfanátla teraple, Interior of the shrine 2:01 Do. Hajáreśvara temple, Doorway + 2105 Do. Do, 2106 DOA Undesvara temple, Front 2107 Do. Do. Interior 2408 Do. Do. Side view from south 2109 Do, Do. do. Dorth 2410 Do. Do. Three-faced image 2411 Do. Temple of two shrues-Mahakāla and Baranātha-ola 2412 image Do. Do. Front 1 2413 Do. Nahákála temple, Interior of the shrine 2413 Do. Baijapátha temple do. 2415 Do. Side view of two shrined temple, from north-west 2416 Do. from south-east 2417 Do, Gateway of the town 2418 Brindában Temple of Kaneri-ka-Putalt, side view from south 2419 Do. Do. do. north-east 2120 Do. Basement mouldings 2191 Do. Do. Front of ghrine 2-422 Jhadoli Temple of Barjanátha, Front 2423 Do. Do. Side view 2424 Do. Do. Group of qurages bear 2425 Temple of Jáleśvara, Front 2-126 Do. Do. Back 227 Do. Eāori Devra temple, Front 2128 Tilasma Temple of Taleśvara Mabädeva, Front 2129 Do. Do. Side view 2430 Do. Do. Interior 2131 Do. Do. Three roined temples bebind. 2132 Do. Do. Images in south i' principal piche. 2433 Do. Temple of Aprapūrvá Mátá, Front Do. Do. Back 2435 Do. ... Toraņa from east 2436 Deroli Saiva temple, Doorway Do. Do. Back 2438 Menal Mahāgāleśvara temple, Side Flew from south-west 2439 Do. Do. do. north 240 Do. Do. Back Do. Do. Interior 2419 Do. Gateway of enclosure wall round the group of temples 2443 Do. Templo No. 2, Front 2-114 Do. Do. Back 2415 Do. Temples Nos. 3 and 4, Front Do. Do. Back 2447 Bâori, Front 2418 Do. Do. Back 2419 Do. Three-shrined temple, Front ... 2450 Do. Do. Back 2452 Do. Do. Image inside . Do. .. 3) du Do. 1) 3) 2134 ! 21 12 2 Ple > 99 3437 19 >> 7) 23 j 2 "] .. Do. ) ·S Serial Number. Size of Negative. Localits. Title of Photograpki, plate. ... 13 ... ... ... .. t.. ... . ... u me font toute from mala 13 mfano ten ö momentit - we can offer to ... .. ...! .. .. 13 ... 2452 Nepāl 2453 Do. 2454 Do. 2155 Do. 2456 Máydalgarh 2457 Do. 2455 Do, 2.159 Do. 2460 Do. 2461 Do. 2463 Do. 2163 Do. 2464 Do. 2465 Do. 2466 Nagari 2467 Ďo. 8468 Do. 2469 Do. 2470 Do. 2471 Chitorgarh 2472 Do. 2473 Udaipur 2.174 Do. 2475 / Karera 2476 Do. 2477 Eklingji 2478 Do. 2479 Do. 2450 Do. 2451 Do. 2482 Do. 2183 Do. 2454 Do. 2-185 Do. 2456 Do. 2497 Do. 2458 Do. 2189 Do. 2190 2491 Do. 24192 Do. 2193 Do. 2191 Do. 2495 Do. 2196 | Afzalpura 2497 Sondani 2498 Do. 2499 Do. 2500 Do. 2501 Khiljeepura 2502 Mandsaur 2505 abu ...Toraņa, General ries Monastery of Bharalasāheb Temple of Solaresrara, Side sier 1o. Back Temple of Pārsvanatha, Doorway Temple of ķishabhadera, Interior Temple of Chaturbhujaji, Doorway Temple of Jālebrara, Dcorway Do. Front Do. Back Temple of Uņdesrara. Iaterior Do. Back Rock-cnt temple of Gupteśrara, Interior Do. Doorway Front of old mound (Stīpa?) Fragment of a Chritya-lindor ornament Old capital of a pillar Fragment of sculpture Ubliderată Jaiga torrer Kakade rara Mahadera temple, Side view Temple of Vishņu, Front Do. Back Temple of Pârsrapātha, Porch Do. Side vier Temple of Mirābāi, Back Temple of Eklingji, Back Do. Front Valu's (daughter-in-law's) temple, Trout Do. do, Back ... Do. do. Interior Sásn's (mother-in-lar's) temple, Front Do. do. Back do. Interior Do. do. Toraņa in front Temple of Vabādera, Front Temple of Nătha, Front Temple of Adbhudji, Front Dilapidated Jaina temple, Side view Dilapidated Parśranātha temple, Interior Temple of Padmarati, Sculpture Temple of Vishna, General ries with toraņa Khumān Raral's temple, Geveral view Temple of Nabādera, Side view ... Temple of Nabādera, Doorway Two stone-images lying in a field ... Fragment of a pillar Do. Do, Śrārana's Kārada Image of Parsvanatha Design for door for Corridor shrines > .. ) ... Do. .. ... .. 37 :نمط: نام : : : : : : دس ممه : تمام مع ماما ما:1 م اسم واسه :: ت م مر تو . ) Do. ... ... .. .. ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 1 12 x 10 17. The following is a list of the inscriptions, impressions of which have been made during the year :- VI. INSCRIPTIONS COPIED DURING 1904-05. Serial Number Placa. Position of Inscription. 2079 | Dhār, C. I. 10. 2030 2051 2092 Do. Do. Do. Kamal Maula Mosque, Play (Pārijātā panjari or Vijayaśrīlı) inscription Do. 2 poetical compositions by King Bhoja. Do. Grammatical terminologs on a pillar. Du. Varnamālā on a pillar. ..

·9 Seris! Naraber Place, Porition of Inscription, 1 2093 Dbár, C. I. . Kamal Maula Mosque, fragments of Präkrit* composition Kodanda Do. 23 fragments of inscriptions. Town Hall, Dhår inscription (C. 1.) stone. Do, Another inscription stone. do. Do. de. Do, do. Do. do. Do, do. Do, . . Do. do. Do. do. Stone in wall enclosure of Rāmasıngli's orchard. Thakurji's temple, in mandapa Do Do. Do. do 2084 Do. 2085 Bombay 2086 Do. 9087 Do. 2088 Do. 2089 Do. 2090 Do. 2091 Do. 2092 Bhåndak 2093 Jhālrăpătan 2094 Do, 2095 Do. 2096 Do. 2097 Do. 2098 Do. 2099 2100 Da: 2101 Do. 2102 Do. 2103 Makandarra 2104 Do, 2105 Do. 2106 Do. 2107 Sirod 2108 Do. 209 2110 Do. 2111 ) Atru 2112 Do. 2113 Rāmgarh 2114 Do. 2115 Do. 2116 Do. 2117 2118 Do. 2119 Do. 2120 Do. 2121 Do. Do. 2123 Do. 2124 Do. 2125 Do. 2196 Do. 2127 Do. 2128 10, Do 2130 Do. 2131 Do. .2132 Do. 2133 Kansuran 213+ Do. 2135 Chārchomā 2136 Do. *2137 Bijolia 2138 Do. 2199 Do. 2140 Do. 21+1 Do 2142 Do. 2148 Do. 2144 Do. 2145 Do. 2116 Do. 2147 Do. 2148 Do. 2149 Do. Do ... saudwenesvara temple, on prop in antecbamber, Do. in mandapa." Do. Do. do. Do. do Do do. Temple No. 1, in mandapa. Temple No. 2, on pilaster. Do. on another pilaster Do. in antechamber, Temple No. 3, on exterior, On pedastal of one of Jaina fgures Do of another do. 2122 n. r 2193 . ... 1 .. Do. do. On a pillar near same image. ... Templo of Karnesvara Mahadeva, on exterior Do. Dear doorway, Temple of Chaumieśyata, on wall right side front belove, Do. on pillar of back doorway. Temple of Parávanátha, on Jaina pillar in front. Do. on another do. on the same Do. on back of same do. bear doorway Do. on rock near, Do. do. Do. do. On Mandagpi-ka-kunda. Do. do. Do. do. Do. do. Do. do. Do. B 468-3 ·10 Serial Numbers Place, Position of Inscription. Do. 2150 Bijoliå 2151 Do. 2152 Do. 2153 Do. 2154 Do. 2355 Do. 2156 Do. 2157 2158 Do. 2159 Do. 2060 Do, 2161 Do, 2162 Do. 2163 Jadoli 2164 Do. 2165 Do. 2366 Do. 2167 Tilasma 2168 Do. 2169 Do. 2170 Do. .. .. Do Do. Do. On Mandägni-ka-kunda. . Do. do. Do do. Do. do. Do. do. Do. do. Do. do Temple of Hajāreśrara Mallādeva, on pillar. Temple of Undeśvara Mahadeva, on pilaster. Temple of 2 shrines, Baijanàtha and Malıākāla, on pillar. On pavement between 2 shrined and Hajāreśvara templog. Do. do. Do. do. Temple of Bhangod, on doorway, Bāori Dévră temple; on doorway of one the groups of-shrines. Do. do. Do. below an image of Kāli in another. Temple of Talesvara Mahadera, on pillar in mandapa. Do. on another pillar in mandapa. Do. on pilaster in mandapa. Do. below an image in niche in ante. chamber. Do. on image of Bralima in doorway. Do. do. Vishņu. Do. in porch. Da on pavement outside, Do. on stone near kunda. Do. on another stone. In manqapa of temple. Temple of Mabānala, on pillar in mandapa. Do. below image of Siva, right side of doorway. Do. on left side pilaster of mandapı. . Do on a short pillar in porch. Do. on wall (interior) of porch. Do. on Nandi in chanri opposite. Below a loose image of Vaishnavi. On short pillar in upper storey monastery. On pillar in monastery. On pillar in three-shrined temple. Do. do, On doorway of shrines of composite temple. On pillar of north gateway of walled enclosure. Temple of Salaversara, on pillar. On a loose stoue near same. On a plain nameless shrine, Temple of Jāleśvara, inscription, Temple of Undeśvara do. Temple of Gupteśvara do. Temple of Rishabladera do. On a Páligā stone. On arch No. 1 from, west to east, of old bridge on the Gamberi Do. do, Do. No. 3 do. do. Do, No. 5 do. Do. do, do Śringār Châvadi, on pilaster. Do. in a niche. Do. 2nd uicle. Do. 3rd niche. Do. 4th piche. Do. 5tlı piche. Do. Short inscriptions. Victoria Hall, Inscription stone in the museum. Do. do. Do. do. Do. do Do. Do. do. Do. 2171 Do. 2172 Do. 2173 Do. 2174 Do. 2175 Do. 2176 Do. 2177 Deroli 2178 Menäl 2179 Doa 2180 2181 2382 2183 Do. 2184 2185 Do. 2186 Do. 2187 Do. 2188 Do. 2189 Do. 2190 Do. 2191 Do. 2192 DO. 2193 Do. 2194 2195 Do, 2196 Do. 2197 Do. 2198 Nagari 2199 Cuitorgarh 2200 Do. 2201 Do, 2202 Do. 2203 Do, Do, 2205 Do.. 2206 Do. 2207 Do, Do. 2209 Do. 2210 Do. 2211 Udaipur 2212 Do. 2213 Do. 2214 Do. 2225 Do. 2216 · Do. . Do. .. do. .. 2204 2208 do.

·O 11 Serial Number Place Positioa oł Inscription, ... Do. Do.. Do. 9993 Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Po. Do. 10. Do, Da, Do. Do. do. do. 2210 do. T- . 2217 Udaipur Victoria Hall, luscription stono in the museum. 215 Do, do 9219 Do. do. 0020 do, 9921 Do. do. Do, do. Do Below imagos. 2296 Do. on a tali pillar. 0923 on stone brougbt from near the Jaing tower 21 Cbitorgarh, 2226 Do. do. 2247 Do. Do. do. 0028 Do. do. 2009 Do. do. 2230 Do. Inscription stodo in the museum, 2031 No. do. 2039 Do. do. 2233 Do. do. 2031 Do, do. 2235 Do. do. 2233 Do 2937 Do. Do. 2238 Do. Do. do 2299 Ckligir Temple of Ekaligji, Inscription. Do. ... Templo of Natha 9211 Xagads Adbhudji's templo do. Do, 2243 Do. 2214 Do. 2043 Vandstar Oa Mabidera's gkät. 2216 Do. On Sondanı pillar. 222 Kareri L0048 stono Ising near a temple. 2248 Dhuli, Kländesl. A set of coppor-plato grant of Rashtrakuta King, Govinda II. 2219 Normala ... Persinn inscrintion on gun in the fort. 18. Ncarly all the inscriptions, this year, have been brought in by Jr, Bhandarkar, of which a great number are new, and Remarks on the Inscriptions. he will prepare a short abstract of the contents of these for next report. Owing to lus deputation to Bengal, and his duties there, 2.2. ----sions straight they cannot be ready for this one. uld be better away to the Epigraplist, as we hay . Bhāndārkar's were he to make his selection fron notes, of what he would like to take in hand. 11119 will savo vui sending many impressions, which, thougų of interest to us in our architectural studies, as in the case of tho Chitorgarh oncs last year, are not of sufficient interest to be included in the Epigraphra Indica. The copper plates from Khandesh have been taken in hand by Olr. Bhándārkar, who will publish them probably in that journal. llc has his paper on them quite rcady. A newly discovered set of copper plates has been reported to me by the Deputy Comiñissioner of Nimar, Central Provinces. They were found in a stone box New Copper Plates from buried beside the old temple of Siddhesvara on the Alandhata. island at Māndhătă, while the repairs to that building wcro in progress, I have asked the Deputy Commissioner, in wliose custody they now are, to farour mo rith the loan of them for a few days in order to take proper impressions off them with a view to publication. They are said to relate to a visit to Mändhatā by one of the kings of DIālwā, and are dated 1282 S. 19. Impressions of the large newly discovered inscriptions from the Kamal Jaula mosque at Dhär, together with impressions from Dhiar inscriptions. a slab at the Town Hall, Bombay, which had been brought from the same place many years ago, were made and sent, under Mr, Marshall's instructions, to Dr. Llultzsch for publication, 20. When at Khajarāhā I pas shown some very creditable attempts at inscription impressions made by a Jemadār on the Amateur Work establishment of Mr. IV. E. Jardine, C.S., Resident in ·12 1 Bundelkhand. He had been working under dificulties, in not having sufficient knowledge of the methods used in such work, nor proper implements or material. From Poona I sent him a supply of these necessaries, and hope, ere long, to see some results of his work.. Travelling about with the Resident, he has the chance of coming upon previously undiscovered inscriptions. · 21. It is so very seldom, indeed, that any one, outside our own depart ment, takes much interest in our work, that, when assistance or co-operation is offered, we gladly welcome it. Mr. P. B. Haigh, O.S., Assistant Collector in Kánara, has taken up the subject of inscriptions, and hopes to gather nety ones in that district during his tours. Captain I. F. Jacob, in the Political Department, has also, for some time now, interested himself in inscription work. 22. - The Resident at. Indor has lately sent me very fair impressions of two inscriptions, one found at Kharaoda in the Rāmpura- Indor loscriptions. Bhānpura District, and one from some Jaina temples at Modi in the same district. The villagers assert that the four pieces of stone upon which the second is engraved are fragments of a large slab which was found in digging the foundation of the local Patel's house, and was broken as it was too large to move! The stones are now in safe custody at Indor. The first is a very along one, and, according to Mr. Bhändārkar, who has deciphered it, as well as he was able from rather an indifferent impression, it gives a description of the Mālwā Sultáns, and states that one, Babärī, whom Sãlaha, the minister of Gbiâs-ud-din, had adopted from infancy, constructed a tank near Khidrāvadapura, i.e., Kharaoda, where the inscription was found. It is dated Samvat 1441. The other inscription, in fragments, is a Paramāra inscription, dated Samvat 1314, and refers to the reign of Jayavarmadeva, the same as the Paramāra Prince Jayasimha of Dhārā. A district called Maudi is mentioned, which is, no doubt, the present Modi, where the fragments were found. 23. It is often difficult to get suitable inscription brushes in the market, We use very broad plate brushes with bent handles, Inscription Brushes. 1.C., with the bandles bent backwards so that the knuckles may not come in contact with the stone or work. We have lately had a dozen made at the Brush Factory, Cawopore, which are very satisfactory. They have nine rows of bristles in the width and twenty-four in the length their surface of the bristle part being two inches wide by six and a quarter long. They cost Rs. 12-6-0 per dozen. I can strongly recommend them to those wanting good inscription brushes. VII, PUBLICATIONS 24. We have turned out no publications during the year other than our Progress Report. Although I have in my office full material for monographs upon the Hindu temples of Mahārāshtra, including the so-called Hemädpanti style, the architecture of Bijāpur, the Chalukyan temples, and the tombs and mosques of Sind, I cannot find time to work it up while I have so large a charge of conservation work to attend to. If, as I believe it is intended, I am relieved of the Central Provinces, I shall then, I hope, be able to resume work upon the first subject, which I started long ago. I have, also, a good deal of material and notes collected upon Jaina work. Dr. Burgess has lately returned to me my manuscript notes on the Chalukyan temples, which I sent him in 1888, together with the drawings. 25.. The drawings for the portfolio on Sind coloured tile works were sent to Mr. Griggs, London, for reproduction on the 9th Monograph on Sind Tile February last. When last I heard · from him he was awaiting final instructions from Mr, Marshall. When this report is out of hand, I shall write a brief descriptive account to accompany the plates. This will be confined to one sheet of letter press, the same size as the plates, to be laid in the portfolio with them. 26. I prepared three articles, and forwarded them to Mr. Marshall for publication in his Annual Report for 1903-04. A selected list of place-names was also sent him for use in the Archæological Map in the Imperial Gazetteer. I also wrote a paper for the journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Work, . ..

·13 Society, which was read at their Centenary Jeeting on the 17th of January last, upon Conservation in the Bombay Presidency, and is published in the Ertra Centenary Memorial volume, VIII, OFFICE LIBRARY. 27. My office library 'was increased during the year by the following works :- Sir Monier Blonier-Williams' Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Codrington's Musulman Numismatics. MT: 1.-. ni.. mology. General catalogue of the Imporial Library, Calcutta, Part I, Vols. 1 and 2. Dr. Stein's Sand-buried Ruins of Khotan, Descriptive catalogue of Sanskrit M88. Vol. I., Part II, Madras Epigraphia Carnatica, Vol. VIII, in two parts. Progress Report of the Archäological Sarvey, Madras and Coorg. Annual Report of the Archeological Survey, Beagal, for 1903-04, Annual Report of the Archæological Survey, Vated Provinces ant tha Punjab, for 1903-01. Annual Report of the Government Epigraphist for 1903-04. Aunual Report of the Director-General of Archäology for 1902-03, treo parts. Annual Report of the Director-General of Archeology for 1903-04, Part I. And the corrent numbers of the Indian Antiquary, Epigraphia Indica, Art Journal, and Technical Art Series. IX. ANNUAL EXPENDITURE. 28. The cost of the survey for the year under report was Rs. 21,729-13.6 made up as follows:- Rg. P. Salaries Travelling allowances 2,768 10 9 Contingencies 2,039 10 3 Total 21,729 13 6 5. ... 16,922 8 G .. ... X. CONSERVATION-BOMBAY. 29. The following is a list of conservation works carried out in the Bombay Presidency during the financial year 1901-1905. Work carried out. is compiled from the annual list supplied by the Secretary to Government in the Public IVorks Department and lists sent in by the Superintending Engineers, From tke Provincial Grant, R3, Abmedabad District Ahmedabad- O. R.* to Ahmed Shah's mosque 24 13 6 Do. Jami' Masjid 4 8 6 Do. Sidi Sayyid's mosque 38 14 6 Do. Step-well at Adilaj 3S 130 Do. Azam Khan's Palace 24 80 Dida Hanr's well 20 13 3 Do. do. mosque and tomb 39 12 3 Do. Gaitråd's llareli 24 130 Do. Tomb of Mir Abu Turib 14 11 2 Do. Rigi Rūparanti's mosque in Mirzápor 19 20 Rini Sipri's mosqoo and tomb ... 490 Do. Muhafiz Khan's bosque 29 13 . Do. .D. Robserlarry rath 169+ ·. I! Denis Soarelor 1. is 1 IR SDS Kii. Cestas e iii. S. Baja e Edi's HS: 22122, Force Ota meie . SĀ ... C.E. Salsiasm I'e. Lut Se T-: 22.(mp) 1.8 T 0 ئه وه : : : : : : : : } هه ر ره نت رو }} ; :: به به رده ن Na Dr Krise S.E. Fila Los 13 15 . Do I 9:0 Pos Kece PentrLizcheia 5a Sire 0. Hati svizce Quebec (22; Euisa Di Tower TCCS Stal De 23 octite si ca 2-2 aca Gas lit . -- . OF.E Tas nasic FEALS Tizi Oc: SE (Foto: Jimi me 12 mi S.E.10 South Gua"? Dizio E. 4 IS 1: མ འདས་ - Caesar'ssate Sugu ms 0 C 99 0 Q 0 . A. C ViviscrBrza music Erum Der Fah: Karaca ma Ormico District Faci. Conserve the Dazzi cris f 9. Oi Caserta Timis Turbo This is indari. Co do min. 4 is Fuen, baina be gaiata ci tie Fordeguese Fort Wasa, cui te enly severec esres data, wazoeance 2 fais to cures, pier, et ito. C. Custoas quarters con Assistant Customs Cars on noin # * . . riaymais ts. En, special pazins.

·15 Rs. 1. P- 4 07 52 4 1 99 15 0 86 10 9 CS 0 0 47 10 2 35 70 . 0 33 18 1 2 ... 30 0 0 15 00 07 1 0 Poona District Karlie Proriding Custodivi's quarters derr tuo circa Repairs to cares Bedea do }}baji, Repairs to cargo Jantar do. Koregion, Hepair of monument Poons, Reprir of old Laropesa tombs Abweingar District Karji, Repairs to the templo o fall.kirjan? Pelgon do. dy. Intsun-Viriyana Slolipar District Sholapur, cutting down trees and shrubs on walls and bustions of the l'ort Yasik District Sinnır, repairs to lcícara templo Klandealt Dietrictl'dan, Repairs to Mahesram templo TalLliori Repurs to cares ::} Bilane, Herning to temples Erudol, Pupurs to Archeological Rowlins (Pandaris Wada) Bulgaum District Bulgacm, C. 1. to tho Join templo a l'ort Do, C. R. to Asd Kian's Dargål io l'ort Degirove, C. I to the old Jaina teplo DLirwar Districk Unlal, C. R. to the foar-porched templo Banlapur, C. R. to Nagare rara comple lipar District Buspar, S. IL. the Grocn-sto toint Do. C. I, to the old Jabalamalan buildings Talini, Jaiotenance of the caves Ratsagiri District Dabhol, S. R. to the oll inosque Satara District Maintaining and clearing 51 Buddhist cares in the Karid Tataki Karwar District Repairs to Archeological raius Karachi District . Tatia 35 66 103 11 0 IG 7 3 0 60 30 0 0 5. 0 0 6 10 1,3500 0 1,739 0 0 600 ..9 196 4000 UB 41..11n.lmanna 3390 0 41000 75 00 186 0 26 00 163 0 0 . : tho 109 5 0 883 0 0 88 1,815 00 Entertainiog a caro-taker for Archäological Buildings on MALI, Lill Igdcravid District- Lyderabad $. IX. to Gbolam Shah Kalhora's tomb O.R. do, do, S. 12. Ghalim Nabi Khảa Kalhora's tomb Boro- 0. Be to Nur Jobsmmad Kallora's tomb Khudabad S.B. to Yår Mulatamad's tomb 0.IX. do. do. O. It to Jimi Masjid *** 10 0 0 +9 $49 SO 69 0 0 0 0 0 0 ·10 Rs. 8. 11. 1,655 0 0 Snkkar Repairs to Mir Müsum's minaret and tomb and Insumi Sasyid's tombs. Total Provincial Grant (Gorernment Resolution No. 4.-1527 of Ilth July 1904, Pablic Works Department, Bomboy) 24,740 3 20,00) OO 1,7-10 ? 6,71.4 0 .. 1.5 .. Excess Experliture Repairs to Jimi' Masjid, Ahmedabad: Prill for from tho Jami' Masjid Foud through tho Collector From Imperia? Grone. Ahmedabad S. R. to Dada Harir's mosquo nod tomb Do. Toinbs of Queens of Alamed Shah Do. Tomb of Shah Alain Sarkliej, S. R. to Muliammadan rains (incomplete) Rijapur Restoration of the Gol Gumbaz (in progress) Do. of the Iurilin Rauza (in progress Do. of tlo Jämi' Jasjid (in progress) Conrerting thio Vngarklina into a luscum Hracribit S. R. to the Buddhist stūpa, Thal Mir Rukno (in progress) 1,059 1 11 1,137 10 10 1,55 3 1,660 0 0 ... 1. 5,093 00 2,513 00 1,319 00 1,397 0 0 3,000 0 0 18,873 15 5 Imperial Grant (Gorornment Resolution Xo. A..2018 of slı September 190i, Public Works Department, Bombay) ... 18,550 0 0 Excess Expenditure 523 13 5 Rs. 8. Tolalo of Tirpicdikre. n. Expended from Prorincial Rerenues ... 24,740 34 Expended from Jami' Masjid Funds, Ahmedabad. 6,71.4 0 0 Espended from Imperial Rerennes ... 15,879 13 5 Total Expenditure, Boinbay 50,334 6 ) 30. The great bulk of conservation work in the Presidency consisted of winor repairs, there being little descrving special Bijapur. notice. The repairs to the cornice of the Gol Gumbaz at Bijāpur is an important work, and a short note upon it will be found in the second part of this report. A note on the Ibrahim Rauza repairs follows the list of proposed works for the present year. The Jâmi' masjid work, which will be continued, consists of the restoration of missing and damaged portions of the cornice and other minor repairs. Some attempt had been made at restoring the colouring and gilding upon the great central mihrab or niche, but it was rery unsatisfactory, and has been stopped. It ought not to hare been taken in hand without fuller consideration. I do not think the colours should be restored ; but they might be carefully cleaned and varnished, when much of the original colouring will be brought out, which is noir suuk in the dead surface, and the soft mellom blending of the tints, caused by time, will be retained. The Nagarkhāna lias been conrerted into a ball to house the museum, The work has been successfully carried out. The ner wooden glazed windows, which were designed after those in the 'Asar Mahal, are in strict keeping with the architecture of the building and look rery well indeed. It is proposed to carry out the platform, before the Nagarkhāna, to a semicircle, and arrange upon it a gun trophy with all the big iron guns now lying before the Gagan Dalal. 31. Iu Dādā Harir's mosque and tomb, general repairs and mending battlepenting, cornices, and parapet walls were carried out; but the most important work was the filling in of three arched window openings with perforated jäli work in stone. They bad been bricked up preriously. I consider the carring of these screens, which have been Ahmedabad * The Comptroller, Indis Treasurics, gires the amount as Rs. 38,630-1-10, as far as is known in his otice.

·17 copied from others, to have been very well done. The work is crisp and light, and, but for the raw white colour of the stone, would be undistinguishable from the older work. They will be stained to the tint of the surrounding work, and, as time wears on, the stone will gradually darken. 32. The work at the Jämi' Masjid at Ahmedābād has been going on since The Shaking Masrets. October, 1901, and was finished this last year. It consisted of details spread all over the building. Upon examining the drawings of the Jämi' mas down in the earthquake of 1819, as give Architecture of Western India, and also the minürs trero of the same pattern as those now standing at the mosque at Shah 'Alau's tomb, except that, whereas the latter have four balconies above the roof, the former has three. I think there should be no difficulty about restoring these; and, when at Ahmedabād next cold weather, I shall take measurements in order to work out drawings for the same, which I shall submit to Goverament. The Jimi' Masjid is the finest mosque in Gujarāt, and the best known. In its present mutilated condition, it is shorn of half its glory, and it would be a very - missing limbs. These were known I have a further note upon them special notice. 33. There is a matter which is constantly coming to the fore in connection with new work and repairs, and that is the staining Stalning New Wort of the surface of such work to harmonise with the surrounding old work. Some persons have taken exception to this practice, but, I must say, I am wholly in favour of it. They say, let the work weather to the tint of the old, forgetting that the present surface colour 13 the result of hundreds of years of weathering. Are we, in the mean time, to have these conspicuous patches always staring at us from various points on the face of a building, its whole beauty being marred by them? In Ahmedābād, for instance, the original white sandstone is now black, or a very dark grey. The new sand. stone, where it has been used, is perfectly white, and the appearance is that of new pillars, capitals, or kanguras, as the case may be, formed in pure white plaster. Where these havo been successfully stained it is ssible, except upon a very close examination indeed, to tell the now from the old, and the eye is in no way offended. Plaster upon domes and roofs should also be toned down in colour, for, in this position, it is supremely offensive. In some of the repairs of years ago ... hown fromains of it in the shape of nes in the track of old ectly uniform tint, for near the tint may be. It is necessary to vary it with a good deal of irregularity such as is caused by natural weathering. 34. The mixture, used so successfully at Dhir, in repairing old plaster work to make it approximate to the old in appearance Mixture for mending old plaster, is as follows: Kankar limo Cement --whle ground from the cooked fruit of 4 chittaks 1 secr. 1scers. Ilemp (sun) 35. The following is a statement of the works proposed to be taken in hand or thresther with the allotments Work proposed. "Bombay Resolu- • 14th June 1905). tion No.A-1550 of They are listed in order of urgency - Fron Provincial Rerennes, 25 seers. 27 t . AC Rs. Presidency- Gbārāpuri- 1 Alaintenance of Elephanta caves, pier, and buildings 2,100 1 PO. B 408-5 ·18 ܝ܀ Rs. 3,918 ... II. 2,200 100 100 AR 1,500 60 ) :: . 1 .6? ... 100 180 566 550* ..a 100% ... ... ... 100 134 200* Ahmedabad District- Sarkhej- 2 Special repairs to the ruins .. Dholka 3 Special repairs to the mosque of Balol Khãn Kazi Ordinary repairs to 4 Ordinary repairs to Jâmi' Masjid Abmedabad 5 Special repairs to Queen's mosque in Särangpur Ordinary repairs to Dholka 6 Ordinary repairs to the Khan Masjid Ahmedabad 7 Pay, etc., of care-takers Poopa District Kārli 8 Repairs to the caves *** Bedsa 9 Repairs to the caves *** Bhaja- 10 Repairs to the caves Näsik District Nisik 11 Repairs to the Pandu Lena cares ... Thână District- Kanheri 12 Repairs to the cares Ahmedabad District Ahmedābād- 13 Ordinary repairs to Ahmad Sbālı’s mosque in the Bhadr 14 Jami' mosjid 15 Sidi Sayyid's masjid 16 Dada Harir's well 17 Mir Abu Turab's tomb 18 Dāda Harir's mosque and tomb 19 Râni Rupawanti's mosque in Mirzāpur 20 Ráni Sipri's mosque and tomb 21 Mubāfiz Kbān's mosque 22 Ahmad Shah's tomb 23 Tombs of Queens of Ahmad Shah 24 Haibat Kbäu's mosque 25 Kutb Sbāb's mosque 26 Bibiji's masjid at Rajpur-Hirpur Bijapur District Bijāpur- 27 Ordinary repairs to the old Muhammadan buildings Kaira and Panch Mabäls- Mehmadābād- 28 Ordinary repairs to tomb of Mubarak Sayyid Special repairs to Karachi District Tattam 29 Current repairs to old Dabgir mosque 30 Jam Nizam-ud-din's tomb 31 Nawab Amir Khalil Khan's tomb Nawab Shurfa Kbāns tomb 33 the 12 pillared pavilion 34 Mirzā Jāni Beg's tomb 35 Pay, etc., of care-taker 36 Current repairs to Nawab Isäkbän's tomb Western Nära District Kbudābād - 37 Carrent repairs to Jāmi' masjid 38 Yar Muhammad's tomb 39 $5. * ### 100 100 80 . 100 45 50 60 140 80 .. VO 3) 50 60 60 50 2,000 f 50 315 32 400 150 100 . 250 . . ... 200 120 2,000 70 30 Includes provision for care-takers wages, ·19 Re. see 105 29 27 100 35 20 35 20 10 + ... 70 200 20 103 30 100 ... Ratnagiri and Kolāba District, Kuda (Alaogaon tålukā) 39 Special repairs to Baddist cares *** Kaira and Panch Mahals- Champânir- 40 Current repairs to the Jami' masjid 41 the Nagro, masjid 42 the Kevadá masjid 43 the Bandra masjid 44 the Navāj or Borah masjid 45 the Rauza near the Patar taak Poona District Jannar 46 Current repairs to the caves Shelārvādi 47 Current repairs to the caves .... Khandesh District- Patan- 48 Carrent repairs to temple of pabeśvara at Patan, and Pitalkhora caves Thāna District Kondute- 49 Carrent repairs to the cares Bassein- 50 Carrent repairs to Fort and old Portaguese remains . Amboli 51 Current repairs to the cave Ahmedabad District Adalej- 52 Current repairs to the step-well .. Thana District Ambarnāth 53 Carrent repairs to the temple Dharwar District Bankāpar- 51 Carrent repairs to Nagaresvara temple Kānara District Nagarbastıker- 55 Trelre inscription slabs requiring atteation 56 Current repairs to Chatarmakba Basti and Namesvara Srämi's temple Murde vara- 57 Care of two statues of Jinas ... Bhatkal-- 58 Care of mine inscription stones Belgaum District, Belgaam- 59 Carrent repairs to old Jalna temple 60 Asad Khan's tomb Kapara District Bhatkal--- 61 Carrent repairs to Jettaps Nägakana Chandranātheśvara Basti Mirjan 62 Care of two inscription slabs Ratpågiri and Kolába Districts- Sangamesvara- 63 Current repairs to the temple of Karneśrara Pal (Mabad) 64 Special repairs to Buddhist cares Reydanda- 65 Conveying all inscription stones to the Collector's bungalow, Albás 50 15 23 20 . 20 15 40 > 15 5 100 93 ·20 Rs. 200 UU. 200 . . Sholapur District Sbolūpur- 66 Destroying shrubs, etc., on the Fort falls Kländesh District Erandol. 67 Current ropairs to Pärdara's Vada Sangamesrara- GS Current repairs to the temple of Mahadora ... Thana District Thanimman 69 Current ropairs to the graves of John IIalscy and George Page. Bijapur District Badani. 70 Pay, etc., of carc-taker for the caves ... Contral lyderābād Canals Distric -- Hyderabad 71 Pay of care-taker of Ghulam Shab Kalhora's tomb 10 24 84 Total grants from Provincial Revenues 20,000 Rs, From Imperial Rerengles. Restoration of the Gol Gumbaz, Bijapur (in progress) Special sepairs to the Ibrahim Rauza, Bijapur (in progress) Special repairs to the Jami' masjid, Bijapur (in progress) Excavations of the ruins of Brabmamabad, Sind Special repairs to the Khăn Masjid, Dholka Special repairs to the Buddhist stupa Thul dlir Ruklan, Sind (in progress) Special repairs to Malik 'Ålam's mosque, Abmedībād 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 5,000 . ... 1,819 930 Total 21,743 NoleUp to the time of writing this Ieport tho Imperial Graut kas not been intimated. 36. The charge for maintenance of the Elephanta Caves, etc., includes the European Custodian's wages, together with that of his Elephanta Caves. Assistant and staff, and is generally covered by the entrance fees received during the year, 37. The special repairs to the ruins at Sarkhej consists wholly of minor details. There are many buildings, and the work will Surkhe), Dholka, Ahmedabad. be spread over then. The proposed work at Balol Khan's mosque at Dholka will be a continuation of last year's, upon the same estimate. It consists of the dismantling and renewal of two damaged domes, a new pillar and capital, several new beans, renewal of portions of the perforated screen-work of the women's gallery, and other minor repairs. The work at the Queen's mosque in Särangpur will also be a continuation of last year's work. It has been confined to the tomb, portions of whose walls have been rebuilt. Descriptions of these buildings will be found in Volumes XXIII and XXIV, of the Imperial Series, on Gujarat and Ahmedābād Architecture respectively. The last named mosque will be described in the second part of the latter volume, which will shortly be out. 38: The repairs to Isā Khān's tomb at Tatta are miscellaneous, and so are thuse to the other buildings included in the list of buildings to be conserved from Provincial Funds. 39. The restoration of the Gol Gumbaz, Bijāpur, included in the list of works to be provided for from an Imperial grant, Bijapur. consists, entirely, of the renewing of the great heavy overhanging cornice high up on the front of the building, which has already been begun. At the Ibrāhīm Rauza, the work upon the tomb is practically complete and the mosque is now to be taken in hand. One of the chief items, Tatta.

·21 here, is the beautiful cornice with its hanging stone chains, which, being badly damaged in parts, is to be restored where necessary. 40. When the Executive Engineer, Thāna, acting upon the authority Kapheri Caves. of Government Resolution No. A.-694, dated the 14th of March 1903, and No. A.-1668, dated the 6th July 1903, Pablic Works Department, entertained a caretaker to look after the Kānheri Caves, Mr. Chhabildās Lallubhái, proprietor of Magathān village, within the limits of which the caves are situated, objected and claimed the caves as his private property. Upon referring the matter to the Remembrancer of L ers connected with the original to the conclusion that the cla Upon this, the Government of Bombay admitted his proprietary right, and issued instructions (Government Resolution 554 of the 28th January 1905, General Department) for the caves to be included in the list of ancient monuments to be notified as protected monuments, and asked the Collector of Thānā, in consultation with myself, to negotiate with the owner for the proper preservation of the caves, and to finally report whether action should be taken under the Ancient Monuments Preservation Act. This is not yet settled. 41. In December last I called the attention of the Collector of Broach to Broach, the Jami' Masjid at that place, and suggested certain repairs, asking him to request the Executive Engineer to frame estimates for the work. I have heard nothing further yet. In the mosque, which is one of those largely built up of pilfered Hindu or Jaina temple materials, there are some exceptionally fine ceilings which have become blackened-with age, and, I suspect, smoke 4 XI. NATIVE STATES-BOMBAY, 42. The Resident at Baroda intimated to me, in November last, that the Baroda. Darbár were desirous of preserving the relics of the great Rudra Mālā at Sıddhapur. I visited and examined the ruins, in company with the Executive Engineer, Kadi Division, on the 31st of January last, and subsequently submitted my proposals for what work I considered necessary for the proper conservation of the same. The work will be difficult, and will tax the ingenuity of the Executive Engineer to the utmost. The columns and beams are so colossal, and some are in such threateningly unstable positions, that it will require some considerable thought to devise means to prevent a general collapse during the work 43. The Political Agent, Rewa Kantha, reports the building by the Lunāwada Darbār, at Bakor in the Khānpur täluka, of a construction to mark the spot known as "Bhīmuni Bhima, of the Mahabhārata, married Hidimbā, country. The old statues and structures Rewa Kantha NO 1 ..Lava 44. The Political Officers of Jhālavād Pránt (Kathiāwād), Palanpur, Sāvant- Kathlawad, ete vādi, and Kachh report that there were no works carried out in the states with which they are connected, I have not yet heard from Kolhápur, Mahi Kantha, or the rest of Kathāväd. XII. CONSERVATION_CENTRAL PROVINCES. 45. The following is a list of works carried out in the Central Provinces and Berår during the financial year 1904-05, with Work carried out. the amounts expended upon them: Nagpur District- Gbogra, conserving prehistoric stone circles (13 progress) Ghorar do. do. do. 90 00 Rs. 4. P: 113 00 ( Carried over 203 0 0 * See my Progress Report for the months May 1891 to April 1892, paragraph 56. + Gujarat Architecture, Imperial deries, Volumxtil, pago 20, and plates II to XVI. B 4686 ·2 .. .. $.0 ... .. . Rs. Bronght orer 203 0 Chanda District 108 0 Chonda, Gond tombs (P. R. 1892-93, para. S) (completed) Do. "Alonoliths at Lalpeth (P. R. 1892-93, pars. 8) (completed) 150 00 Jabalpur District Repairs and conservation of ancient monuments in the district (completed) 149 100 Bherágbūt, repairs to Gauri Sankara temple (P. R. 1893-94, para. 29) (in progress) 19 S 6 Damoh District Nohta, repairiog old temple (P. R. ISIS-04, par. 36) (in progress) 311 00 Raneh, repairs add protection of ancient monumont (P. R. 1893-94, para. 43) (completed) 138 00 Kauoda, repairs and protection of ancient monument (P. R. 1893-94, para. 46) (completed) SS 0 0 Hindori3 repairs and protection of anciont monument (P. R. 1893-94, para. 46) (completed) 12.00 Saugor District Erao, special repairs to ancient monuments (P. R, 1893-94, pasa. 51) (in progress) 500 0 0 Nimar District Barbāapur, repairing Raja's Chhatri (completed) 3S 0 0 Do. Sbib Nawaz Khan's tomb (in progress) 2,310 0 0 Do. Bibi's Masjid (P. R. 1993-94, para. 12) (in progress) 198 0 0 Do, Adil Shah Faruki's tomb (in progress) 237 0 0 Do. Sláh Snjali's tomb (in progress) 1,051 00 Maadhātā, repairing Siddheśvara temple (P. R. 1893-94, para. 17) (in progress) 390 00 Hoshangabad District Pachmarhi, repairs to cares (completed) · 135 00 Raipur District Arang, repairing and constracting compound wall to Jaina temple (P. R. 1903-01, para. 19) (in progress) 1,170 00 Sirpur, repairs to old brick temple (P. R. 1903-04, para. 38) (in progress) 269 00 Bilaspur District Ratanpar, special repairs to Kanthi temple (P. R. 1903-04, para. 71) (in progress) 51 0 0 Janjgir, special repairs to old Hinda temple (P. R. 1903-01, para. 79) (in progress) 100 00 Sambalpur District Adbbár, fencing and gravelling site of temple (P. R. 1905-04, para. 96) (in progress) 119 0 0 Pujäripali, fencing and grarelling site of three temples (P. R. 1903-04, para. 95) (in progress) 120 00 .. ... &.. . .V. .. .. 4. Total 8,154 2 6 - a. P. Funds allotted during 1904-05 Imperial Grant Provincial Grant, Vest Circle Do. East Circle Rs. 6,200 0 0 7,000 0 0 3,000 0 0 .. Total ... 16,200 0 0 # The estimated expeditare for the year as Test Circle East Circle 9,7350 . 0 0 10,824 0 Total ... 20,559 0 0 46. Only one-half the amount allotted has thus been spent; the work is therefore slow. The Imperial grant was not made Remarks, until late in the year, but the Provincial grant was made in the beginning of April 1904. Of the twenty-four works taken in hand, only eight were completed, and for two others allotments were made, but they were not commenced, 47. I think it would be as well for the Public Torks Department to carry out all work, large or small, there there is any construction of any sort needed. Deputy Commissioners hare no staff for this kind of rork, and must ·23 graph 31, Berar, trust to some local contractor, who, as a rule, is not slow to benefit himself at the expense of that officer's inexperience in engineering matters. One such item in the above list is the wire fencing around the monoliths at Lalpeth at Chãodá. It had not been put up very long before a portion of it was down again and, when I visited the place in March last, I found two corner posts uprooted and lying upon the ground. The posts were buried only twenty inches in sandy soil, with no masonry or packing of any sort to hold them. Three strands of plain wire, not barbed, were used, they being eighteen inches apart-practically no protection. A great deal of this wire was hanging about quite loose. The posts will all need to be reset. 48. The work of re-roofing the old temple of Siddheśvara at Mandhätā is Mandhata. making very slow progress, only Rs. 390 having been spent out of an allotment of Rs. 3,212. I have explained the nature of this work in my last year's Progress Report, para- 49. The proposed works for the current year would have been thoso as Proposed Works. shown in the list as in progress, with a few new ones, such as the repairs needed to the Forts of Narnālā and Gāwilgarh. The Secretary to the Commissioner, in the Public Works Department, informs me that, owing to the Provincial Budget grant for the Central Provinces having been cut down, no provision can be made for archeological works during the current year. As I write, I hear from the Director-General of Archæology that there is no chance of the Central Provinces getting any, grant from Imperial Revenues. All works will thus be at a standstill this year. (Rs. 10,000 have since been allotted out of the Provincial Budget Grant.) 50. Berår, since its transferrance to the Central Provinces, has been brought under the Ancient Monuments Act. XIII. CONSERVATION-CENTRAL INDIA. 51. In Bandelkhand, the work at the great group of old temples at Khājarahā is still in hand. These temples were Khlaraha. described by me in my last Progress Report, paragraphs 19 to 27. I have already mentioned the fact that I again visited them with Mr. Jardine, the Resident, in December last, when we went over the temples with the Executive Engineer and the Minister, and made notes of what further could be done beyond what I had already proposed. Later on, Mr. Marslıall visited the temples, and, I believe, suggested some slight modifications. The following is a short note from Mr. Jardine, who is taking a great deal of trouble and much personal interest in the work : " You know the Darbār spent upwards of Rs. 25,000 on these temples some twenty It is years ago : otherwise they would be in worse condition than they are. impossible to say what sum is required to do the work : it depends on the extent to which conservation is carried, but I suppose you mean the sum required to do what the Archæological Department consider essential. This may be put at Rs. 80,000, of which the Darbār are ready to find some Rs. 30,000 all told. There has not been much difficulty in getting labour. or materials, Masons we got from Gwalior chiefly, but some came from Jaipur with recommendations from the local authorities. Sandstone is readily procurable in the Panna State on the east bank of the Ken river, though to match the colours involved some labour in finding suitable quarries. Only one temple is made of selected 1.- was of all colours from white to buff. . re think, succeeded in getting a work to do and how pur sig gestions, time the number pending the orders of Gov -in-aid. Fraga ments of carving alls, and the museum should be pat in hand before very long. The Darbar are erincing interest in the matter and this should ensure good results," fast grew ne mean- HA ·24 Sanchi. 52. The ork at the Sänehi top, which was all but completed, was brought to a temporary standstill in November, on account of certain strictures made by Captain C. E. Luard, Superintendent of Gazetteers, Central India, upon the manner in which it was being carried out. On receipt of his complaints, the Director-General caused the work to be stopped, and, at the same time, asked me to risit the top at the earliest opportunity and report upon it. This I did on my return from Khājarībā on the 6th of December, and again, in company with the Director- General himself, on the 20th of February. My full report on the work was subsequently printed as a note, together with Mr. Marshall's own comments upon it, and explains fully how far Captain Luard's complaints were warranted. 53. In the end of October, Captain Barnes, Political Agent, Bhoparār, proceeded on long leave to Europe; but, just before Dhar aod niandu. leaving, asked me to Dhār and Vändu, in order that I might see the state in which he was leaving the work there. At both places it was going on steadily and most successfully, Mr. O'Gorman, the State Engineer, and his subordinates being infused with the same enthusiasm for the work. The ruins of the newly discorered tomb of the Khalji Kings was pretty well cleared of debris, and the flooring of the interior had been repaired. slight mistake had been nade in the arrangement of the graves within, their positions having been temporarily lost sight of while clearing away the heaps of fallen material. Fortunately I had, at a previous visit, made a plan of the place on which I had plotted their positions, so this was to be corrected. The great Hindoria Mahal has recovered much of its former dignity by the removal of the earth in which its basement was buried. Its proportions are seen now in their proper relations. 54. at Malwai, in Ali Rājpur, within the Bhopawār Agency, is an old sculptured mediäral temple, badly ruined, which is Ali Rajpur. being put into repair. The estimate for this amounted to Rs. 2,932, of which Rs. 2,000 were granted by the Gorernment of India. I sent in a note of what measures I considered best to be taken, and these are being followed А XIV. CONSERVATION_RAJPUTANA, 55. The work of re-constructing the upper portion of the Jaina torer at Chitorgarh is going on satisfactorily, though slov. UDAIPUR, Chitorgarh. There is a great deal of ney stone-rork required and much of it covered with carred work. They have rebuilt the dismantled portion up to the floor of the chhatri. This has been straightforward work-a mere copying of the old work whererer new was required. The more difficult and interesting part of the work is now commencing with the erection of the pillars of the crowning, canopy. I was not able to visit Chitorgarh again this year, and there was hardly occasion for it, seeing that Dr. Hienmann, and the workmen under him, understood thoroughly what was to be done. I hope to be able to visit Chitorgarh a little later on, then I know that the construction of the canopy has begun. In addition to the Jaina tower, the walls of the Fort are to receive attention at the hands of the Alewar Darbar. 56. I examined the work in progress at the Dilrāra temples at Abu in May last. The rork is being carried out by the SIROHI, Abu, Jaida community under the personal adrice of Major Tilley, the Executive Engineer. They were not prepared to put the work into the hands of the Public Works Department, or to admit any official influence whaterer. Ample funds, they said, would be forthcoming it the work was left to them, but not otherwise. The Jains have shewn themselres to be exceedingly sensitive on this point, and it was only after two meetings of their representative committees, from Almedābād and Sirohi, with the Agent to the Governor- General that a modus operandi was arrired at. Major Tiller in his private capacity, or his successors, was to advise them, but not as Executive Engineer, A fuller note on the work will be found in Part II of this report, ·25 1 57. In other States of Rajputāna sundry conservation Forks, more or JAISALMER, Balsakhi Jess of a minor nature, are reported, but I am not sure whether some of these are not connected with buildings of little or no archæological interest. In Jaisalmer, at Baisakbi, 10 miles from that place, a kunda or reservoir was repaired. It is proposed to spend a very small sum upon the Tanotianji temple at Tanot Fort, "58. In Bikaner State Rs. 1,800 were spent upon the repairs of the eastern BIKANER, Hanumangarh. vall of the Fort of Hanumangarh, and it is proposed to provide Rs. 2,000 more for further repairs to the same. Rs. 1,000 will be provided for repairs to some of the old cenotaphs. 59. Nothing was done in the Kotáh District except the clearing of jungle KOTAH, Shahabad, Mau. growth from some of the buildings entered in the printed list. It is proposed that attention be given, during the current year, to the old mosque at Shāhābād, two temples of Chaturbhuja and Padmanābhji, and the mosque at Mau (described in Part II). Rs. 1,000 has been allotted by the Darbār for these works. 60. The Jhalawar Darbār cleared the jungle growth from certain of the JNALA WAR, Chandravau, buildings in that State, which are entered in the printed lists. Estimates are being prepared for work during the current year upon the ruins at Chandrāvati near Jhālräpatan, a description of which is given in Part II. Should the amount be not large, the Darbàr will provide the necessary funds, otherwise a grant-in-aid will be asked for. The work, which I have sketched out, will be triiling, as much cannot possibly be done to the buildings. 61. The Mania Masjid at Mania in the Dholpur State received attention DHOLPUR, Mapla. during the year, and it is proposed to take the maqbara of Sadiq Muhammad in hand. In view of a large arount of work in progress, nothiug further can be undertaken. 62. In Bharatpur State the works carried out were as follows:-Repairs to the old maqbara at Nadbai; repairs to Gopāla BITARATPUR, Nadbai, Dig, Bharana and Nandı Bhavana at Dig; preparing a Brindabar, Nagar. sample of gilding to the roof of a building in the Ram Bāgh (garden) at Dig; and the restoration of Kasighat at Brindāban. Works, proposed for the current year are: Repairs to Wahid Khān's tomb at Nagar, amounting to Rs. 478; fixing an inscription stone to the cenotaph at Nadba), amounting to Rs. 74; and the completion of the restoration of the building in the Rām Bāgh (garden) at Dig, Rs. 2,472. I have promised to visit Dig this next cold Feather and to advise the Darbār upon the work there. 63. Works that received attention in the Jaipur State were the temple at JAIPUR, Gangapur, Sangadir. Sanganir and the temple of Śrı Gangāji at Gangāpur. Vorts to be undertaken during the current year are under the consideration of the Darbār. 64. In Alwar State repairs to the tomb of Makhdum Shāh were completed at a cost of Rs. 831. It is proposed to carry out ALWAR. additions and alterations to the tomb of Nur Shāh near the south gate of Ghora-Pher. For this a suwa of Rs. 707 has been allotted and the work is in progress, 65. Certain works are in progress in Ajmer ; but as Ajmer, with its Minham- Ajmer. madan buldings, has been transferred to the United Provinces Circle, I need not notice them here. XV. COMPILATION OF LISTS. 66. As has already been stated, my Assistant, Mr. Bhándárkar, travelled Ralputans. during the touring season through portions of Rājpu. tānă for the purpose of gathering information and material towards the compilation of complete lists of remains in that province. A list of remains was prepared in the ofice of the Honourable the Agent to the Governor-General for Rājputâna, but it does not profess to be exhaustise. The information having been gathered by officers not well conversant with archæg- 8 469-7 ·26 logical matters, many of the entries require weeding out. It, however, forns an excellent basis to work upon, and I was principally guided by it in planning Afr. Bhāndārkar's tour. Major Bannerman, Political Agent at Kotah, has interested himself in the work, and has already sent me potes, made during recent tours, upon certain places entered in those lists, modifying, correcting, and adding to the information therein giren. I propose sending Br. Bhāndārkar into Rajputānā again during the next touring season to continue his examination of the province. He will travel light and rapidly, confining his attention to the gathering of materials, such as photographs, inscriptions, and notes. 67. The compilation of lists of antiquarian remains in Central India has not yet been begun, it not being possible yet for us to take it in hand. A number of lists of inscriptions and other remains, nearly all in manuscript, which were forwarded to this office in Dr, Burgess' time, and which I intended to use when I should have the opportunity, have been sent to the Honourable the Agent to the Governor General in Central India at bis request. XVI. CONTRAVENTION OF STANDING ORDERS. Central India. 68. I hare but two instances of the contravention of standing orders to report. The first is the case of three old mosques near Halol in the Panch Mahāls. I quote from the report as made to DIr. DIarshall by the District Magistrate, Godhra-"During the rains some of the troublesome Godhra- Ghanchi community asked me to allow them to import some stones from the rụins of Champāner for use in a mosque which they are building in Godhra. The Champāner ruins being of great archaeological interest, Government have forbidden the removal of any of the building stones. I therefore refused permission, but subsequently on receiring a fresh petition asking for permission to remove certain stones belonging to a ruined mosque in an Ināmi village near Halol, I granted permission for the removal of loose fallen stones after satisfying myself (1) that the stones were of no archäological or other interest, (2) that the Inamdar had no objection. Armed with this permit the Ganchis proceeded to Halol and destroyed three beautiful and interesting old mosques for which they had not received any permission and which were not in the limits of the 14āmi village. Apparently the leading members of the community were concerned in this outrage. The mosques were disused mosques out in the jungle and no one has complained and no religious feeling has been roused. I bare had the case investigated by the Police and have ordered the prosecution of the ringleaders for theft and mischief. The case will soon come on and it has aroused a good deal of interest locally but no excitement." 69. Mr. Marshall has asked me to visit the place, which I intend doing this nest cold weather. I have asked the Collector to gire stringent orders that the ruins be not touched in the meantime, and that any stones taken away be returned to the spot. 70. When visiting the old temples at Bhāndak, in the Chāndā District of of the Central Provinces, I found that two temples had been interfered with, and, on enquiry, learnt that a rapacious railway contractor, enployed on the construction of the new extension from Warora to Balālpur, bad carted off a lot of stone from them, but had been stopped in his further depredations by Mr. Burns, Extra Assistant Commissioner, and compelled to restore the pilfered material: I wrote to the Deputy Commissioner, and asked him to issue warnings all along the line of the new estension, which he did, XVII: TREASURE TROVE. 71. Five finds of treasure trove came under my notice during the year. (1) Sixty-one silver coins were found in the nålă of KHANDESH, Chadwel. Chadwel in the Pimpalgaon tāluka of Khāndesh. Fifty-nine of these were of the East India Company, of the years 1835 and 1840, while two were Shāh 'Alam Badshābi rupees of the East India Company, minted in European style. (2) THANA, Mahim. Eighteen coins were found at Māhim in the Tbāná District, near Bombay. They comprised three gold _ ·27 . muhrs of Muhammad bin Tughlak, large size; one of the same, Emperor, small size; two gold cup-shaped lotus coins (Hindu) usually called padmalankas; twelve silver coins of Ala-ud-din Muhammad Shah ; and some fragments of thin silver coins. (3) Found at Dāpoli, in the Ratnagiri RATNAGIRI, Dapoli, District, were two whole and three fragments of gold coins of Murad III, dated A. H, 982 (4.D. 1571), Ottaman Sultān of Turkey.,, (4), 4 hoard of ninety.coins were found at I S SIND, Larkhada. 11 . Shāh Jahān II, and Muhammad Násīr-al-din. 72. But the most interesting find of all has been that of a large inetal image dug up near Mirpur Khās, in the Thar and SIND, Mirpur Khas. Parhar District of Sind. It was brought to my notice by the Colonization Officer, Jamrão Canal, Mr. Chat. field, who describes it as a metal statue of a Hindu god, apparently of consider. able antiquity. It stands 3 feet 2 inches high, and weighs about a maund. It is made of several metals, brass (or copper) and iron being amougst them. the eyes appear to be silver or lead. The workmanship is fine and the figure is almost intact. The head has four faces, three of them at the back and sides) being very small, and hardly noticeable in the hair, which 19 elaborately worked. The arms are half raised. The only injury sustained is that a piece bas been knocked out of the back c"! na-an af the man who found it. From an examination the Deputy Commissioner, I have litt .vith his four beads or faces, and that in his right uplifted hand he held a book, which was, perhaps, a separate piece of metal and is now lost. The image is unique and of great value, and probably dates back to the fifth century or earlier Thie Deputy Commissioner was of opinion that it should be sent to the Karachi museum, but I think, rather, that it should be sent to our museum, which 19 eth. Denn dann, and is to be located, ag uchi museum is a Muni. consisting at present of four carved stones, one carved wood lacquered dvor pusi, one small lot of sundry articles, and one hundred and bfty coins. It is never likely to have many additions from the province of Sind, as there are practically no remaine of that class which would most largely contribute to a museum's exlubits, such as statuary from Hindu, Jaina, or Buddhist ruins. It would therefore be a pity, I consider, to weaken the main collection of the Presidency by having valuable objects distributed amongst smaller local museums, where they can never hope to ..11-tonn more than & miscellaneous accumulation alue. In the central museum these samo ue, for, in the larger collection, they would I fill gaps in their chronological or archie.marts usisetin marticular series. Unlike economic coins, are not often to be had Museum is well started, casts might easily be niade and distributed to my wcui institutions, XVIII, MUSEUMS, 73, The Poopa museum, that connected with my office and in my own charge, received the following additions during the year under report: Three old brass images; one set TI. on loan and the rom the three hundred and eighty-eight silver, six Duuuuuu WAL hundred and fifty-five copper, and nineteen leiden coins; four plaster casts of inscription slabs, and two of architectural ornament; two hundred and thirtythree casts of coins; and sixty-one prehistoric stone implements. The casts were made by us in the museum. Those of the coins hare been gilded, silvered, and bronzed, and, being set up in glazed frames, are always open to inspection. They sare the cabinet specimens from being unduly orerhauled out of mere possess, the originals curiosity, and they contain specimens whick re do nut Pooga.

·28 having passed through my hands for inspection only, or for the production of plates to accompany articles by uumisınatists. The interchange of casts of rare coins between museums would be very helpful. As our museum is not yet on the Government of India list for distribution of treasure trove, we have not been able to benefit from the several treasure troves which have lately passed through our hands, excepting in the case of a few East India Company's coins, which did not come under the rules, and were sent me, on payment, by the Collector of Bombay. I am in communication with the Mint Master, Bombay, peradventure, I may yet secure some from the rejected remainder that has been I passed on to him by the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. addressed Mr. Marshall upon the subject of our inclusion in the list, and he has informed me that he is addressing Government upon the matter. 74.' The Curator of the Nāgpur Museum reports the addition of three gold coins, eighty-eight silver, thirty-three copper, and Nogpur. three of lead and mixed metal. As the exhibits in this museum, which it was intended to transfer to the Victoria Technical Institute, had not been mored when I was in the Central Provinces op tour, I was not able to assist in the re-arrangement and classifying of the antiquarian objects. It is likely that a great number of sculptures, now at Narsingpur, will be sent to the museum, when more room will be necessary to house them. 75. The additions to the Rāipur Museum consist of two inscription stones from the Tehsildar of Räipur; five stones from the Raipur. Sub-divisional officer, Dhamtari ; a flexible stone; fortyeight photographs of antiquities in the district from the Superintendent, Archæological Survey; and two pictures from Sambalpur, 76. The accommodation for the Bijapur Iſuscum has at last been made ready. The upper floor of the Nagarkhāna, opposite Bljapur. the Gol Gumbaz, has been converted to that purpose, and in all the great arched openings, wooden windows of the pattern of the old ones in the Asar Mahal, have been inserted. They look very well, and are in keeping with the style of the building. I examined the building recently, and have applied to the Director-General for funds for moving the museum objects, lying in the godowns under the Anand Mahāl, to their new abode. Many of these have disappeared, others have been broken, and the few specimens of statuary that remain will make but a small beginning in the new room. It is proposed to hang the old Asăr Mahāl carpets in the museum. It is also proposed to arrange all the old guns, now lying in disorder near the Gagan Mabál, into a trophy on a platforn before the Nagarkhāna. Many years ago I sent in a design for a similar trophy opposite the Gagan Mabál, but though the project was brought forward once or twice, it was not carried out. 77. At Karāchi there is a Municipal Museum with a very meagre collection of antiquities, and from the very barren nature of the Province in this line, little is likely to be added to the museum from within its own borders. I have mentioned this museum and its contents under Treasure Trove', Karachi, 78. A museum is badly wanted for Rājputānā and Central India, and I think no better place could be found for it than Ajmer. Ajmer. I would most respectfully ask Government to consider the desirability of this. With the help of the political officers of the various states, it ought soon to be filled to overflowing. A permanent home for the thousands of isolated and uncared for objects lying about in these Provinces is much needed. Mr. Bhāndārkar mentions many of these in his report, following. 79. The Divan of Jhālrāpātaņ has gathered together a few inscription Jhalrapatan, stones which he found when touring in his State, and has, for the present, housed them at his kothi. He intends, however, to remove them to the Public Library, when that building is ready, where they will be kept as exhibits. But there are also several wellcarved images and other sculptures, lying about Harśishi Mātā's and other temples at Chandrāvati, which might also be gathered in and preserved with the rest. 1 Since writing the above I am pleased to find that a museum for Ajmer has been begun. The old Tehsil bailding is being converted to that purpose. I hope it will be a Provincial museum farham... D.

·29 - 80. Kotäh has no museum, but the State is full of uncared for sculptures Kotsh. lying about, which might be got together without risk of divorcing them from any particular buldings or historical localities. The buildings themselves have disappeared, and both tradition and history are silent with respect to their sites, At Atru there are cart loads utterly uncared for. At Mukandarrā are to be seen very ancient pillars lying scattered in the jungle. At Amvām, Rāmgarh, Bilāspur, and Kan. suvar are several old interesting images left to the mercy of the elements. 81. The museum at Udaipur, thanks to the liberality of His Highness Udalpur, the Rānā, is by far the best in Rājputānā, so far as its antiquarian collection goes; and the credit of it is in great measure due to Pandit Gaurishankar Ojha, a zealous student of Indian antiquities. But the collection of sculptures, apart from inscription slabs, might be advantageously added to, especially as Mewar abounds with objects of antiquarian interest. There are two or three very good bust images, arnongst them an image which Carlleyle likens to the double-shrined temple at Bijolia, w museum. There are two capitals of very also be brought in. Bádoli, Chitorgarh, and Nagdā abound in sculptures. A collection of coins might be started in connection with this museum. 82. At Khájarāhā, in Bundelkhand, described in my last Progress Report, Khalaraha. an open-air museum is being formed to contain all the loose images and sculptures already gathered there. For the present it is intende:1 to build a high wall, surrounding a large rectangular space of ground, with an entrance at one end. Built with the wall, and against it, on the inside, all round, is to be a high shelf upon which smaller sculptures may be set. In the centre of the area are two rectangular enclosures, one within the other, formed by losy broad walling, upon which images and sculpturos will also be placed. The walls are to be so built that eventually a verandah or colonade can be formed against them. Seeing that the sculptures have already had eight hundred years of exposure to the weather, a few more in this open-air museum, until it can be partly covered in, will not hurt them. 83. A museum building is badly required at Sànchi. Mr. Marshall in his notes on the recent work at the top says. "I should like, however, to lay some emphasis on the urgent necessity of crecting a museum to receive the hundreds of valuable sculptures lying about the site. The outlay upon the building need not be great, and the CAL Tarbær proposal is one, I understand, which already antian Ingin of the sort of huilding tsens' take ready nares and which serves its purpose very well." 84. I have no information this year for the museums at Rājkot and Junāgarh, ia Käthjāwād, or that at Dhár in Central Rajkot. Junagarh India. The first is an old well established institution, properly wanaged and cared for. The Junagarh museum has been but lately started, but it has every chance of having a good antiquarian collection, Jupāgarh territory being full of remains. Mr. Lele, late Superintendent of Education in the Dbár State, under whose sympathetic care the museum was placed, has, I hear, severed his connection with that State. XIX. PROGRAMME FOR 1905-1906. 85. Towards the end of the monsoon, I propose running up to Dhār and Māndu to inspect the work in progress there. I 1 here the re-erection There are some ailway, this side of Assistant Collector, Bhusāral, which were brought w my livucu wy .. last year. I would like to look these up on my return.' He states that they are in need of repairs. With the close of the rains I would set out for Begampuri, Sanchi. I. Dhar, : B 468_8 ·30 some 24 miles to the south-west of Sholāpur. There, upon the river bank, is the tomb of one of Auranzib's daughters, who died while he was making his long five years' halt at Brahmapuri on the other side of the river. I have received a large estimate for repairs to the tomb which I can only check on the spot, Continuing my tour down the Southern Marăthā Railway from Hotgi junction I would look in upon the work in progress at Bijäpur and continue on to Gadag. At Gadag itself, Lakkundi, seven miles to the south-east, an old capital of the Chalukyas, and at Dambal, 13 iniles south-cast of Gadag, are some of the finest Chalukyan temples in the Dharwār District. I had intended visiting these last season, but could not find time for doing so. We have alrcady fully surveyed them many years ago, but conservation is badly needed, and the nature of the buildings, with their unfainiliar style of architecture, makes it necessary that I should draw up very detailed and explicit notes for the guidance of the Public Work Officers. There are many other such remains scattered all over the district, many of which must eventually receive attention, but I propose to confine my attention to a few this year, and get regular work started in the district. The Dhärvár District is peculiarly rich in Châlukyan remains, and a glance at the map in my List of Antiquarian Remains in the Bombay Presidency will show nearly two hundred entries upon it. My next place would be Degāmve in the Sampgãon täluka of the Belgaum District, my attention having been drawn to the necessity of doing something to the fine old temple bere by Mr. Jackson, the Collector, sone time ago. From here I would proceed to the sea coast in order to visit Sangameśvara in the Ratnagiri District, for which I have an estimate for repairs to the old temple at that place. Proceeding up the coast, I would visit Revdanda and Korle Fort, where there are old Portuguese remains requiring attention. On arrival in Bombay, the Elephanta Caves would claim my attention as it is proposed to restore several of the disintegrated columus. This would close tlie first tour of the season, 86. The second tour would be in Gujärāt, Käthiāväd and Sind. Châmpanir, Hālol, and Mehmadābād require a visit in connection with conservation work in progress and proposed. I wish also to visit the old temples of Galteśvára near Thásra in the Kaira District, and that of Brahma at Brahmakled in Mabi Kantha. The works in progress at Ahmedabad, Sarkhej, and Dholka could then be inspected. The next place to visit is Siddhapur in Baroda territory, north of Ahmedābād, where the work of conservation of the remains of the famous Rudra Mālā should then be in progress; and I have promised to examine , the beautiful old temple of the Sun at Mudhera, sixteen miles west of Māisānā railway station, on behalf the Baroda Darbār. His Excellency the Governor of Bombay called my attention to the state of the old temple of Somanātha in Käthiāwād, and desired that something might be done for it. I have promised to visit it and submit proposals for conservation. From Käthiawad I should proceed to Sind, where I have promised to make further experimental excavations at Brāhmânābād in order to decide the question whether the site should be strictly preserved, and the people of the surrounding country prevented from carrying away earth from it for fertilizing their fields. This would close my second tour, and probably the touring season. But there are always unexpected calls which might, to some extent, modify the above programme. 87. Mr. Bhāndārkar, the Assistant Archäological Surveyor, is at present lent to the Government of Bengal, and is acting for Proposed tour of Assistant Dr. Bloch, the Archäological Surveyor, who is away on six months leave. On his return, at the end of. November, or beginning of December, he would immediately take the field, and follow up his last year's work of gathering materials for a list of remains in Rājputānā. But, before going into that Province, I would like him to make a hurried visit to Kachh in order to get some very ancient inscriptions we have heard of, and to get photos of some remains there whose conservation it might be necessary to propose to the Darbār. He would then proceed to Bhinmal and other places in the Sirohi State, and work onwards through the States of Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Bikāner, Jaipur and Alwar. It is not possible to sketch out his tour in detail, for his movements will be made according to the information he receives of remains in these States. As he will be in postal communication with me, I shall from time to time advise him. The o. 7 ·PART II. T 1 with nove mog RAJPUTANA The old temples, on the site of the old city of Chandravati, close to atrapatan. the present town of Jhālrāpātan, and to the south of the same, were visited by us in November last, with of advising the Darbār on their preservation and conservation. Apart the object more or less modern shrines on the bank of the stream, there is from someone seven old buildings, the principal one among them being a group of sur : which has been described by Fergusson as the oldest and that of Sitalesvala he knew of. He further stated that this is certainly one of most beautiful that mens of architecture in India. "It has not the poetry of the most elegant spec. aina octagonal domes, but it approaches very nearly arrangement of the quare space in the centre, which was covered by the to them by the large synd most exquisitely carved roof known to exist anymost elegantly designed a' evidently borrowed from that of Buddhist yıhāras, where. Its arrangement style because their interiors were always plastered and it differs from them in trary, everything is honestly carved in stone."* and painted; here, on the coi e temple gave me quite the same impression, on 89. I cannot say that thuheing somewhat disappointed. But I evidently from the plan given by Fergusson, an. uncared for rain. Its beautiful hern ise columns, and epaired by their very of the to fear jare handed over to some subordinate to the subsequent couple of days.that I ad \rkmen in trying to scrape it off again. was there were taken up by the same wou (Photos. Nos. 2350 and 2851.) onourtle pillars of the porch or min90. The only original parts of the building are va mouldings, and, perhaps, hall, which is about thirty feet square, and the baserept uphole roof is new, and some parts of the lower portion of the shrine walls. The excrescences against two small additional cells have been formed by building The shrine doorway the shrine walls, upon either side of the antechamber. he dedicatory block, reminds one, strongly, of some at the Ajanta caves, On ing a club or sword. above the doorway, is a two-handed moli forma contad hold This is frequently found over the Sidsome form of Siva. It is above the ntains dhesvara a linga. temples, and bases as Gadaa..... v mace or gadā as beld by Vishnu; it may be a club, but in all the examples I have seen, always above the shrine door of Saiva shrines, it looks more like a sword, Mr. Bhāndārkar, in his last season's tour, came across it again over the doors of Saiva shrines. This temple, then, was a Saiva temple from the begin. ning The only two images left on the exterior of the temple are Saiva, viz., Mahishāsura-mardani and Ardbanāri, the last one being in a niche in the original wall, now hidden from sight behind the masonry of the added cell on the north side. The temple of Mahākāli, to the north of this temple, was, as Cunningham rightly surmises, originally a Vaishnava shrine. It was built in line with the other, of the same size and arrangement, and, in fact, formed a * In lian and Eastern Architecture, page 149. 110 esents fr- 21 11 1 ·> I. nu is so 32 pair with it. Its outer hall, if it were ever built, hns disappeared. Curiously, two smaller and later shrines, by at least two hundred years, at the back of these, exactly alike, and standing together, were dedicated, one to Siva and the other to Vishņu; and, over the door of the waiva onc, is that same little ligure with the On sword or club, while Siva, himself, stands on cither side of the door below. the other, images of Vishiņu flank the doorway, but the delicatory image above it is broken away. In this shrinc, however, is thic scat for Vishnu's image, wit Garuda, his wchicle, carved upon the front. It is in this shirine that the imalcro is that Cunningham snys had the namo of “Jiva” inscribed upon it. Ty' but secnus to be no doubt of its being the same, as his description is correctcleanly there is not a trace of letter of any sort about it, and never was, for it is.maye of cut work and could not have weathered away. It is a beautifully cut, and the Vislinu, with four arms, two of which repose Buddha-like in the lasst as Cunother two were bent upwards, but are broken off. It is headless, jg at Kaliki ningham found it. Over the top of a mutilated sculpture, ly'being in exactly Mātā's temple, are represented Brahmā, Vishņu, and Siva, Vishrfaces, and Siva by the same attitude, Bralımā being distinguished by his threeples was plentifully the näga in his left hand. The masonry of these small terabajarálā, Māndu, and clamped with iron clamps; but, as with the buildings at Into in order to remove other places, the corners of the joints have been dug licates the abandonment then, probably to convert into arrow hicads. This in d. and disuse of these shrines for some considerable perio, /built as a pair with Sitalesa 91. Kälīkā Mātā's temple' was, as I have said, tres of both shrines are upon vara's. It is parallel with that teinple, and the cen' latter temple is not set back the same line.' Cunningham's plan" is wrong, the bir offsets and projections, are as shown thereon, Thic plans of both, with th'this one has lost, or never had, almost alike, minor details alone diftering. But that it was intended. The two the front-pillared hall ; the walls in front she; be older than the other, it is this, temples are of about the same age; but if onrechamber, are of an older type than whose two square pillars, in front of the an' fise in tlie shrinc, against cach of the . any in the other temple. Running lengthw' I supposo, images of the avatāras side walls, is a low bench, upon which, iage occuppied the middle of the back of Vishņu were placed, whilst his own ink in the very old aratara temple at wall. Such an arrangement we foun2348 and 2349.) Kadvāt in Käthiāwād. (Photos. Nood probably stood in front of a Vaishnava I. 92. The small Varāha, chhat has disappeared, if indeed it was not the temple facing the south, ; posicion is forward of Kālíkā's temple, and not in line entrance porch of it. Iti ni gham's plan. The pedestal, only, of the boar, which with it as shown on Culaids, it having boen smashed since his visit. he describes, now rem'in very inaccurate in his description of these temples, fr he ever visited them personally. If he did, it must have that I doubt whetheſisit, and his notes were written long afterwards, when his been the briefest, serve him well. The small temple A on the plan, he says, is a memory did not fi certainly is not; it is very old. It has an extension in front, but this modern one. Ilet from the shrine. The large image, inside against the back wall, is quite distin.rms, not ten, as he states. It is a composite image, representing had eight the four. gods Siva, Vishnu, Brahmā and Sūrya ju combination. apparenthes Aims are all broken, but the nāga of Siva remains where it was held in an upper hand; the figure is booted with long Persain boots, as is the case with Sürya only. In front of it stands a linga with four images carved upon it, in relief, equidistantly around the cylinder. They probably represent the same deities. There is a collection of such lingas in the Indian Museum at Calcutta. There is thus abundant evidence to show that, at Chandrāvatī, Siva and Visliņu were at one time impartially worshipped. (Photo. No, 2352.) 94. In the town of Jhālrāpātam is the great Vaishṇava temple, called the Sāt Saheli, which, at some late period, has been rebuilt. The shrine, with its śikhara and the mandapa, up to the beams above the pillars, are old work. The I. * His plan of the main temple on plate LXXVI, Vol. II, has a scale attached to it which makes the hall or porch 300 feet square instead of 30 feet! T 1 ·33 Mau, 90 nmn..... :1.1 - roof of the mandapa is modern. It must have been a very fine building at one time, but now whitewash and the jerrybuilder have done their worst. The Jaina temple of Santinátha is also a rebuilding of an older temple. The shrine and Sithara are old, but the mandapa is new, into which a fer old Hindu figures have been built. (Photos. Nos. 2354 and 2855.) 95. Fifteen miles to the north-east of Jhálràpāțan, but in the Kotah State, is the small hamlet of Māu. The present village is situated at the foot of the north slope of a law mucra af 2:llcnnind st. At this point there is a rauge, through the depths his has been dammed up at sume remote period with clyclopean masonry, which has hardened into a mass turned into a long h grow thick upon the beetling cliffs, palaces of the local he first we come to 1$ we mosque, just above the edge of the ravine, having a fine flight of broad steps leading down to the water's edge, upon the south side of the building. It is a substantial-looking stone building, built of red sandstone slabs set in layers and un edge alternately. The building has an enclosed court before it, over the entrance doorway to which is a small pavilion. The mosque has a three-arched façade, and is made up of three bays in depth within. It is in very good order. At some period the masonry has been pointed, the broad bands of chunam overlapping the joints an inch or more. 96. Beyond the mosque, further up the hill-side, standing up above the crags and jungle, are three blocks of the ruins of the palaces. They are thickly overgrown with brush-wood, and are too far gone to have anything done to them save to clear away the jungle in their immediate vicinity once a year. I have sent in to the Political Agent proposal; for the petty repairs and general conservation both here and at Chandravati. The reruoval of the whitewash from the hall of the temple of Sitaleśvara, at the latter place, is the most serious item. 97. A full report upon the work at the Dilwāra temples, at Abu, has already been forwarded to the Secretary to the Gov- Diwasa temples, Abu, ernment of India in the Home Department (Archæology and Epigraphy) by the Secretary to the Honourable the Agents to the * Governor General and Chief Commissioner, in the Public Works Department, Rājputānā and Central India. I shall, therefore, confine myself to a few remarks. Of the three cracked beams to be attended to, one has already been replaced by a new one, upon which the carved ornament of the old has been reproduced very successfully; but on the sofit of the beam a lotus medallion had been carved far more elaborately, and in deeper relief, than any other in the temple. This is to be reduced to the si is the beam in the corridor on beams, not supported by clur main hall, and the other in the south-west corner of the hall-have not yet been touched. I am very much averse to new beams, vith new carving, bclog put in at all, and I am trying to save the remaining two if it is possible. Unfortunately the Jains do not see these repairs in the same light as we do. They do not hesitate to remove old work to substitute ner: the new to them is much rated, and even painted, quality I understand, to hare new bcams 's and show no anxiety to retain the old. I have recently sent to Major Tilley two alternative methods of treating these, since it is considered the first proposed plan of bolting them through to the roof is not feasible. My first suggestion is, after very carefully remov. ing the cracked beam, to cut an inverted vedge-shaped trough along the length of the beam on the top, sufficiently deep, and splayed out to allow of an I sec. tion light girder being threated through the whole length, the space between the web and the sloping sides of the channel being filled with well rampied fine concrete, Then the bean is placed again in position there will bo D 465-0 ·34 absolutely nothing of the repairs slewing. If a new beam can be. placed in position, the old one, though cracked, should be just as casily lifted out.and replaced. The alternative suggestion is that, should a new beam become a necessity, the carving on the front of the old bean, which is the most important, should be sawn off as a thin fint vencer, and fixed on to the front of the new beam. The slab would be thicker along tho top than at the bottom, in order to allow of a geniculated joint, running the length of the back of the slab, dropping into its counterpart cut upon the face of the new beam, the top of the slab, and the top of the beam, being clamped. This would require finc work in the joining. The soflit of tlie beam has nothing but a very plain flat lotus medallion upon it, wliich might be carved on the new beam, Major Tillcy has written to say he likes the suggestions and will try to put them into practice. 98. For the corridor cells, I have designed a new door. It is a doubleleaved door, like thosc now in usc, framed in wood, with simple carring along the stiles and rails. The thrcc panels, in cach leaf, arc filled with brass ornamental wiro work, such as is made all over Gujarāt, in various plcasing patterns, and which allows a visitor to look through without opening the door. I looked up the makers of this wire-work in Abucdābād, and got samples and rates. The brass wire is about threc-sixteenths of an inch thick. Photograph No. 2503 is taken from my drawing, which is to half scale. 99. In one of the repairs a bluish tinted marble has been used, which asserts itself rather unpleasantly in contrast with thc mellow creamy tint of the surrounding work. This is to be removed, after the other more pressing work is finished. With most of the repairs, where new pieces had been carved and let in, it was almost impossible to see the joints or to tell the new from the old. When I visited the temples in 1900-1901, I found that the Jaina community were having repairs done then. The magnificent shell-like translucent pendent of the great dome in Tejahpāla's was badly damaged, and the workmien, principally from Agra, mended it very successfully. (Photo No. 2347.) CENTRAL PROVINCES AND BERAR. Narnala Fort. 100. The hill forts of Narnālā and Gāwilgarh were the only two places of interest in Berār that we had hitherto not visited. They are, perhaps, the only places of any archeological interest to the north of the railway line in that Province. Narnālā Fort is situated 42 miles north of Akola Railway Station, upon one of the isolated hills in the Sātpura range. On a very small scale, it is locally used as a hot weather resort, some of the old ruined buildings having been converted into two or three residences of sorts. Indications seem to shew that the bill was occupied by the Hindus before Muhammadan times. But all the objects of interest upon the plateau are of this later period. It is said to contain nearly fourteen miles of ramparts, but the walls are now very much ruined and dilapidated, and are past repair. All that can be done to them is to keep them free of vegetation ; and this, alone, owing to their extent, will involve a considerable annual expenditure. 101. The best piece of work upon the hill is the Mabākäli Gateway, but why it should be so called is not very clear. There is nothing Hindu about it, nor is there any shrine near by; but, within one of the galleries, up in the west wing of the gateway--the gateway faces the south--there is a beap of rough stones, some of which have been daubed with red sendār and oil, and are known locally as “ Rājā Ilal." Where Mahākālicomes in, it is not easy to see. The gateway is wholly Muhammadan, and is a fine specimen of decorated archi- *tecture. It consists of the great entrance archway, 19 feet from the ground to the apex of the arch, and 10 feet 6 inches wide. The whole height of the gateway is 37 feet 3 inches. Above the lower arch ring is a second, with an inscription in Persian between them. Above this again are several horizontal courses, one being corbelled forward, forming, with their vertical jambs or pilasters, a recessed frame work round the archway. Over these, again, is a very large inscription, stretching across the gateway, and surmounted by a line of ornamental kanguras I.

·35 : ma 2.4 f. 17 71 11 1 galleries and 'ature of all are beautifully wrougat, being supported by corbels or brackets belov, and having deep cornices and eaves' boards protecting them abore. A couple of little pillars and corresponding pilasters, with panels of perforated screen work between, add to the general pleasing effect. As a fortress gateway, intended to withstand assaults, the structure is weak in the extreme ; it is ornamental rather than useful. The back or north side is in rather a rginous state, some guard-rooms on either side of the entrance having collapsed. 102. The upper and larger inscription gives the date A. H. 892' (A.D. 1487) "on the date of the victory." It contains the Kalimah or Confession of Faith, calls down blessings upon Muhammad, the Prophet, and the favourel angels, and invokes mercy upon the legitimate Khalifas, that is, those accepted by the Sunnis. What victory is commemorated the inscription does not say, nt, it is likely the gateway would have been Out in front of it a quadrangle has been by guard-rooms, wifi another plain gateway leading into the courtyard; but the workmanship of these additions is rough and coarse, and it has been built up against the gateway on both sides, covering up much of its work I have proposed that a portion of these guard-rooms be removed, so as to open out the full gateway to view, as it was originally. 103. T. nür gate. I kali gate. 1 think it pre-Muhammadan, but whether Gond or not, I cannot say. It is flanked by walls and bastions built of clyclopean masonry, some of the great blocks being over 6 feet long. These are laid upon one another with) very fine joints, and their surfaces are cleanly dressed. Some of the kanguras or merlins of the battlementing are of single stones, one, that was measured, being 4 feet 5 inches high by 3 feet 7 inches broad. A curtain wall of this same heavy masonry projects upon the outer side of the gateway, and thus screens and protects it from below. Carved on the front of the gateway, above the arch, are two lions, one on either side, facing iawards, just as we find them upon the gateways of the old Gond fort of Chandá. 104. Upon the hill, close beside the Ambar Khānā, now converted into a residence, is a very neat and substantial little mosque. It is similar in style to those on Gāwilgarh, and is in fairly good condition. The other buildings are of little account. Besides them, there are many tanks, some lined with masonry. On the north side of the hill are traces of old brick foundations. At a spot along the hill, a short distance to the east of the Ambar Kbānā, lies a great iron gun, built of rods and rings, in the fagot system so universal in the Dakhan three hundred: ' which records that it was made one Atalubeg 1a A. II. 1091 (A.I 105. Further along the Sātpura range, about twenty-two miles in a straight line to the north-east, as the crow flies, is the Gawilgarh. Hill Fortress of Găwilgarh. It is built upon a spur which juts ont from the main range, from which it is almost detached, about three miles to the south-east of the hill sanitarium of Chikaldā. The general lines of the fort wall, which follow the natural hill scarp all the way around, are now in complete ruin, and, like Narnálā, are past repair, and can only be kept free of I. destructive shrubs and trees. The chief object among the remains upon the hill is the ruin of the great pacjid, which stands upon the highest point towards the south side of the plateau. It is now a perfect wreck, and beyond all repair, except at very great cost. It is cloubtful whether it is worth this, and, moreover, the whole of the baek wall, which contained the mehrübs and buttresses, has fallen away, and any rebuilding could not even pretend to follow the lines of the * Deciphered by Dr. Ross, Hon. Epigraphist to Government. The Berir Gazetteer, f. 115 they gives the date as A,D, 1490.

·36 II. original, as all trace of the pattern of its mehrābs and buttresses is lost. It is doubtful whether the shattered and weakened walls would bear any additions without the risk of more of them falling, or having to be rebuilt for safety sake. The masonry is poor, being built for the most part of well-faced thin blocks set upon end, with a backing of roughest rouble. The beautiful masonry which is seen on the face is but a fraud, for it takes hardly any bearing whatever, that being left to the rubble cores. Since the original back wall fell, carrying with it some part of the roof, another wall has been built, to make the place serviceable, within the other, cutting off one row of bays along the back; but this, too, save a very small fragment, has fallen. It was originally, no doubt a very imposing edifice, and at present it is very conspicuous, being seen as far away as Elichpur, some sixteen miles distant to the south-east. It has seven arches in its façade, and was three bays deep from front to back. All along, above the arches, runs an overhanging cornice of simple design, three-fourths of which has been destroyed. Each end of the façade is flanked by a projecting square pier ; but these, instead of being surmounted by minārs as elsewhere, carry, above the roof, most elegant little square canopies or chhatris with deep cornices, rich brackets, and perforated jāli or screen work in each of their four sides. The chhatri from the south pier is missing ; that on the north remains, but is damaged. A: flight of steps descends from the mosque to the great square courtyard before it, the paving of which is now nearly all up. A high wall, with niches at intervals, encloses the courtyard, having a great gateway on the east, and smaller entrances on the north and south. From the great eastern gateway a deep flight of steps leads down to the ground without; but, at some later period, a tomb bas been built before this, which, with its flanking walls, encloses an area before the steps and prevents access to this entrance, save through the tomb. A small amount of blue tiling has been used on the face of the mosque. 106. There is a small substantially built mosque, standing on the edge of a large tank, called the Chhotā Masjid, a shcrt distance to the north-west of the Great Mosque. It is of the same style and construction as that, but it has no chhatris over the flanking piers of the façade. Save for these piers, the building is in good condition. They are rather damaged ; and, to set them right again, they would have to be dismantled to within five feet of the ground and be rebuilt; but it is doubtful whether the building is worth this. At some remote period it has been whitewashed within, and is now covered with the scribbling of visitors, 107. Four or five hundred yards to the east of this mosque is a ruined bastion, upon which lies a big iron gun. It had been mounted, like those at Bijāpur and elsewhere, upon Y supports, turning upon a central pivot, the hole for which may be seen in the platform. There is also the ruin of the recoil wall at the back. There is another big iron gun, rather longer than this one, 25 feet long, lying a short distance to the south-east of the Great Mosque. A curious thing about this last is that it seems to have two vent holes about five feet apart, one being, as usual, near the end of the breech. I have recommended that these guns be simply mounted upon masonry platforms. There are two or three others on the bill, but these two are the principal ones. 108. _But the most interesting thing upon Gāvilgarh is the gateway called the Barā Darawāzã. The fort is really built upon two plateaux, the greater being further away, the lesser being between it and the ridge connecting it with the main range. Between the two is a ravine, into which one must descend when passing from the outer to the inner fortifications. The Bară Darawāzā is the main gateway to the latter, and is the first encountered when ascending from the ravine. The pathway, passing through this, turns abruptly to the left, and ascends by a rugged rocky way to the larger inner gateway at the crest of the cliffs. This Barā Darawāzā, and perhaps the upper one, are unmistakeably Hindu work, or, at least, work carried out upon Hindu lines. The interest of the gate, which is otherwise very plain and simple, centres in a group of sculptured symbols on the face above the archway. The carving is minutely and carefully done, but has weathered a good deal in parts. In the centre, right, above the apex of the arch, rises a palm tree with its bunches of hanging fruit, apparently dates, and broad feathery leaves spread out on either side. Upon, each side of this, below, looking inwards, is a lion passant with a little elenhant I. I.

·37 under each paw. Above the lion, on each side, is a double-headed spread eagle, each beak bolding a small elephant. This is, uodoubtedly, the fabulous bird gandaðherunda as known in the Kanarese country, where it is found raised upon the top of lofty columns to scare away wild elephants from the crops. It is also found, exactly in this form, upon the small Vijayanagar gold coins of the 15th and 16th centuries.* Betsveen the lions' heads and the tree are other small objects which have been rendered rather indistinct through weathering. 109. There is an inscription upon the hill,t on the south-vest or Pir Patha gate, which tells us that Ulugh Imád-ul-Mulk rebuilt, with the old stones, the Jāmi' Masjid, by, or above, the tank, in the reign of Mahmud Shāh Bahmadi, in the year H, 893 (4.D. 1488). There is very little doubt that this refers to the rebuilding of the back wall of the Great Mosque, and it is possible that the tomb in front of the same is his own last resting place. Ferishta tells us that "Fatbu-'llah Imād-ul-Mulk was of the stock of the infidels of Vijayanagar, He was captured in his childhood by the Musalmans, and was enrolled among the slaves of the Khān-i-Jahān, Commander-in-Chief in Berār. As he grew to manhood he showed himself to be upright and able, and was honoured with the ----. On his master's death he was enrolled among ! in the reign of Sultan Muhammad Sbāli of the Kbājā-1-Jabān (Mahmud) Gawan, the title of Imad-ul-Mulk, and was appointed Commander-in.Chief in Berār. In the year I 892 he placed the collar of royalty around his neck, and caused the khutba to be recited in his own name in Berār." His Vijayanagar origin, and the Vijayanagar symbols on the Barā Darwazā, beem to leave little doubt but that he built the gateway and adorned it with the armorial bearings of his family. My notes upon the conservation measures necessary at Gawilgarh and Narnálä have been sent on to the Commissioner. (Photos. Nos. 2318–2320 ) 110. At the village of Bhatālă in the Chándá District, twelve wiles by road the and at Worn thore is a very old and Bhatala. neglected and 14 practically in disuse. ! o the west of the village. The building, as it stands, consis out before it, the foundation courses have but the temple has never been finished. - hrinn thron large inca, antona which 19 Labākäli Lying out in front of These images, together wit tue iutya waumu U ..., temple ...ndtn Brive worship. Within the shrine four square columns lielp can be seen through an opening in the latter, 1 these and forin an upper chamber. There is also an upper chamber above the antechamber, These were not for use, but were only constructive expedients to lighten the mass of masonry above. The tower of the temple, which, like the walls, was to have been very simple in its charac. ter, was only carried up a few courses above the walls, the work was there abandoned. The pill urs, in the entrance of the antechamber, are in couples for additional strength, the inner ones being fally sculptured in the style of later cave work, with the favourite waterpot and foliage ornament. The outer pillars are left in block, but would have been slightly different in design to the inner ones. There is another temple at Bhatālā, in the front and sides of which are built a lot of images, but it is not of much account. (Photos. Nos. 2321--2324) 111. There is, at the village of Neri, five miles from Chimur, in the north of the Chándā District, a mediæval temple, which is in rather a bad state of repair, It consists of shrine, antechamber, and hall with three porches. The shrine walls, and the tower, as far 21 Neri, * See Ind. Ant., Vol. XX, P 308. + Brought to my notice by Major T. Haig, First Assistant Resident at Hyderabad, who also eapplied me with inforpation about Fatha.ab Ipad-al-Malk. 468-10 ·. 38 as it Bhandak. goes, is exceedingly plain. The tower seems to have been originally left unfinished, and at some subsequent time it has been finished off with brickwork, But this is now broken down and ruined. The building is not of sufficient interest to have much done to it in the way of repairs. . The pillars of the hall are moulded in the style of 12th and 13th century work; and the outside of the dwarf wall, around the hall, is decorated with little pilasters and piches with images alternately. It was dedicated to Mahādeva, whose linga is in the shrine, Eight of the beams in the hall are cracked, some badly, and will need support- , ing. The north-west corner of the basement of the shrine walls, outside, bas collapsed, but the masonry above does not seem to have been affected by it, It has been caused by the undermining action of the water of the tank when the latter is full. This will need to be attended to. The roof requires to be rendered water-tight. (Photos. Nos. 2325 and 2326.) 112. I have mentioned the remains at Bhāndak, between Warora and Cbāndā, in my Progress Report for 1892-93, and General Cunningham has described them at length in his report, Volume IX, so that it is useless repeating further descriptions here. A good deal will need to be done in the way of minor measures of conservation. I have already given the Assistant Engineer at Chándā my notes upon the remains in the Chānda District, explaining what should be done in each case, in order that he might begin to draw up estimates for the work. There are several images about Bhāndak which ought certainly to be sent to the Nagpur museum. There is a fine large image of Sesha placed against the wall of the Police Station. When I was last at Bhāndak it was lying on the ground near the very old temple known as the Tākā Talão temple. In whitewashing the walls of the Police Station the men have wantonly dabbed the image in several places. A very interesting image is one of the skeleton goddess Mahākālī, which is lying at the old ruined temple of Chandika Devī, and which is represented with three heads. This is a most unusual representation. I do not remember to have seen it before. (Photos. Nos. 2327-2331.) 113. In Chāndā itself are the Gond tombs, in an enclosure in the southeast corner of the city, near the temple of Achalesvara. They are eight in number, of different sizes, and different plans, the largest, alone, baving any pretence to architectural elegance. It is a pleasing looking building, in the Muhammadan style, which would have been much improved had the eight chhatris or pavilions upon the roof been rather smaller than what they are. In the middle of each tomb is a high pedestal or altar, the top of which is formed like a box with a domed lid, with a little arched opening upon one side. These may have held the ashes after cremation, or possibly a light. The buildings are in a fairly good state of preservation. A few minor repairs are necessary here, together with the expulsion of the bats. I have made notes of what I think should be done. 114. When I met Sir Frederick Lely, the late Chief Commissioner, at Amrāoti, in February last, be called my attention to the walls and gates of Chāndā, apd thought that, as they were so perfect, they ought to be maintained in good repair as examples of Gond fortifications. I think so too. I think so too. After mending a few breaches, very little will be required to keep them permanently in good order. I. Chanda. I: - 115. Placed in the Police Thānā, in the town, for safety, is a large slab of white marble or limestone bearing a number of sculptures in relief, in compartments. In the middle is Rāvana, while on either side are Mabishāsura-Mardanī, Ganapati, Hanumān, Siva, the fish avatāra, the tortoise avatāra, Garuda, and others. The slab is about 5 feet by 3 feet 6 inches, and 9 inches thick. The work is comparatively modern, but executed with care. This should be sent to the Nāgpur museum, 116. Close beside the Police Thãnā, upon the east, is a little unfinished temple-a comparatively modern structure-but built after the fashion of the older decorated mediæval shrines, and upon a star-shaped plan. It is covered with sculpture, very modern in style, the work around the entrance doorway of the shrine reminding one very much of the work upon the unfinished tomb at II.

·-, 11 nnnn . hiukan 39 Pathāri, Central India, photographed by us in 1894. missed ik The architant hoe here tame co .t and been bi have Bbonslewe of the WAV Uitu in 1893. The present Police Tbānă, and Municipal Office beside it, were part of his palace; and it is very likely the carved slab 19 of his time also. 117. The temple of Achaleśvara and others, outside the cast gate of the town, are of little interest; they are very modern. In front of that of Achaleś. vara is a little shrine facing it, with a porch in front. Standing in the porch, and passing up through the roof, is an old decayed wooden stambha or pillar. It would seem to have been here before the shrine, the porch of the latter hngin hoon h.:16 - the crowning member nothing is left latter rises from the top of the pillar, with something upon its head much like Arms. It supported something, as is shown by the tenon rising from the top These pillars, in both wood and stone, are favourite additions to Vaishṇaya temples in this part of the country, and are usually decorated up the shafts with little Vaishnava images. We came at Achaleśvara, is the stump of that shrine, with the remains ot It is strange that we find this in front of a Saiva temple; truly the common folk of the country know not what they worship. 118. A little distance beyond the south gate of the town are the Lālpeth monoliths, some twelve colossal stone images lying upon the ground. They are coarsely carved, but for what purpose it is difficult to say. A temple once existed, or was intended to be built, on the spot, for the linga has been placed in position with a great nandi sitting out before it. From judge that of the floor, and hence glean some which must have been intended to be very larg too large to have been used in any way as part of the temple, and were probably due to the whim of some person. The largest amongst them is a female figure, the slab measuring 26 ft. 6 in. long by 18 ft. 2 in. wide, which looks as if it were intended for the female counterpart of the demon king Rāvana, or one of his female relatives. It has ten heads, ten arms, and ter legs, and each head has a central eye in the forehead. The other images are Bhairava (nude), Ganesa, Mahishasura-Mardani, Garuda with wings expanded, and a Sanka, or conch shell, above his left shoulder, Hanuman, the fish avatāra, the tortoise avatāra, a colossal snake stone, and that same seated image of Siva with the club or sword which we find sometimes upon the dedicatory block over the shrine doorways of Saiva temples. In photograph No. 2331 is seen the state of the wire fencing alluded to in the first part of this report in paragraph 47. 119. Lying in the garden of the Middle School at Chăndă are a number of old images, said to have been brought here from Bhandak by a former schoolmaster. I have made a list of these, and have noted some six of them which should be sent to the Nāgpur museum. (Photos. Nos. 2332-2336.) 120. The group of old temples at Märkanda, thirty-seven miles east of Chándā, upon the banks of the Vaingangă river, has Markanda been described by the late General Sir Alexander Cunningham in Volume IX of brg reports. The main temple is in a very dilapidated condition now, a great deal more of the tower having fallen since his time. It is likely, though, that most of the fallen material is still on the spot and might be re-built, but it is hopeless to expect to get this done excepting by experts in temple building, such as we have at present employed at Chitorgarh and Khājarahā. It is work altogether beyond the capacity of our Public Works Department subordinates, who hardly know the top from the bottom of a carved stone from one of these buildings. In the meantime, I think it safest to leave the building as it is, until we can get soine of the men from Chitorgarh, when that work is finished, or from Khājarāhã. But the group ·should be placed on the list of Protected Monuments, and stringent instructions given to the local authorities to prevent any interference with the place, or the removal of a single stonc. That the fallen material bo not disturbed is rery important, for, when the proper workmen are put on, they will know, from the position of a stone upon the ground, the part and face of the building from which it las fallen, and this will save a very great deal of trouble in sorting the material for re-building, (Photos. Nos. 2337-2344.) 121. The only way that I can sec, to carry out the repairs to these fine old sculptured tomples properly, is for the Government of India to make a sclection of a dozen or moro men, such as are now working upon the tower at Chitorgarh and the temples at Khajarālā, who are used to this kind of work, and to take them on into Government service regularly, putting thern under the orders of the Director-General. One or two good overscers, from the same class, who understand something of plans, would also be necessary. There is such a man now at Chitorgarli. They might be sent from place to place, where such work as this is necessary, As it would be impossible for the local Archæological Oficer to be constantly on the spot to superintend all details, collect material, implements, and labour, it would perhaps be lictter for the men to be placed, for the time being, under the local Executive Engineer, the Archivological Oficer confining himself to occasional visits of inspection. We would thus have the same mon constantly upon the same class of work, and we should not be entrusting it, as at present, to the prentice hands of a fresh lot of inexperienced men at ench place. It cannot be expected, of course, that Public Works Department suborduates should have any knowledge of such work, for it does not come into their usual line of work, 127. Fifteen miles north of Kaniptec, upon the Nagpur-Jabalpur road, is the village of Dansar. It is here that the road Monsar. branches off' to Rämtek. Upon the cast of the village is a large tauk, extending for about a mile cast and west, but at present holding water in the west end only, which is thickly covered with water plants. It is an artificial piece of water, formed partly by a chain of low hills running along its south margin, and partly by an old carthen dam connecting them, towards the village end. The ground along the slopes of these low hills, by the margin of the lake, upon its south side, is strewn with brick bats, while, here and there, the foundations of brick walls crop up through the surface. In some places the villagers have dug out these walls, so as to use the bricks for building their huts. At the eastern end of this low range is a piece of high level ground, near the south-cast corner of the tank, upon which is a great ruound, the lower part of which, at least, seems to be composed of solid brick-work. It has all the appearance of the stump of an old ruined Buddhist stūpa. About the base of the mound are the open foundations from which the bricks, of some great broad walls have been dug out. The walls scem to have belonged to some-large massive buildings. The bricks measure 17 in. by 9} in. by S in. They are rather roughly made, and cannot compare with those of the old temples at Sirpur, described in my last report. They have been comented with mud, the joints not being particularly fine. 123. The area covered with these brick foundations is too small for a town or civil settlenient, but large enough for a religious colony. There is not a scrap of chiselled stone or image to be seen, and thus it would appear to belong to a time anterior to the period when stone and brick were used in combination such as at Sirpur. Lying above the east end of the dam, but beyond the brick covered area, upon the bill side beneath the crags, are three fragments of a female image which, though mutilated, looks more like a Buddhist deri than a Hindu deity. The head is in one piece, the trunk, with full breasts, in another, and portion of the legs, clothed in drapery, in a third. Tlie features are worn away. but the hair is done up high above the head, as if padded. The body appears to have been uncovered, and a necklace hangs around the neck. It had but two arms, both of which are now broken off. 124. This site will probably be worth examining more carefully. I have asked the Deputy Commissioner to preserve it in the meantime, and stop any further digging for bricks. Parts of the hill side, where the brick debris is, ·41 Rantek is terraced in places, with deep retaining malls on the lower sides, built of huge boulders of rock. These scem to hare been intended as sites for buildings. The age of the tapt, all along this side, is built up in the same way, with great blocks. 125. Conspicuously perched upon the western and highest point of the hill, overlooking the town of Rímek, and seen from miles around, uning to its resplendent glare of whitewaslı, is a group of temples of some considerable sanctity and import. nace in the eyes of Hindus, Thoy are contained within an inner courtyard, which is approached through an outer, both defended by high walls and massive gates. The European is permitted, on sufferance, to approach this hols of holics as far as the lower step of the inner gate, where he is met by a fat Brihman, with an oleaginous smile, s ho politely informs him he may go no further. Since the bottom of the flight of steps is far below the level of the gateway nuore, one cannot even look over them and through the gateway, ko that there is nothing gained by going so far. I could only glean a little inforuntion, through my clerk, of the interior Everything is so encrusted with whitewash, it being inches thick in some cases, that it is almost impossible to kay wlictfer the buildings are very old or not. I believe, though, that there is a nucleus of old work, around, and upon which, much new building has been mised. All the spires, rising above the walls, appear to be comparatively molern. 126. Further along the top of the liill, between these temples and the bungalow, is a littlo ruin that has been quite overlooked, and yet it is by far the oldest thing here. It consists of a portion of the porch of the mandapa of a temple, and a life-sized image of Visliņu, in his Vámana avatāra attitude, standing on tho spot wliero it stood in tlie shrine, when the latter was intact around it. Tuis imaxe, which is just a counterpart of that in the Bādāmi caves, as illustrated in Dr. Burgess' first report is locally called the "Two Sisters", notwithstanding the fact that the two figures, the main one and a smaller one below, aro both obviously male. The Tehsildar brought a Bräbman with him ho, he said, know all about the temples, and would give me any information I nccdcd. Ic, too, called this image the "Two Sisters", and thought I was roinancing licn I told him what it was. Truely the Brihmads and pujāris about these temples are a contemptibly ignorant lot, and so I have ever found them. They know little of the mythology of their own religion, and cannot tell onomage from another, except in the case of Ganapati, with his elephant head. They svarm at all these religious centres, infest the temples, and prey upon tho credulous and unsuspecting pilgrim. Their god is their belly, and their colossal ignoradco is only equalled by their insufferable conceit. 127. This littlo ruin is worth being put on the list of Protected alonuments, and o little attention will belp to prolong its existence for many more years. The work is very old, probably dating back to the sixth or seventh centt....1 or fr thel of su the BOMBAY PRESIDENCY. 128. The folloring note on the work of the restoration of the great cornice of the Gol Gumbaz, at Bijăpur, has been Restoration of the Cornice of the dot Oumbaz, Bijapur supplied to me by Mr. R. M. VacFarlane, Executive Engineer. The officer immediately in charge of the TAN Capith tho is carry. liccs consist of the building at n is about 213 • Imperial Series, Volume I, pl. XXXI. 463_11 ·42 feet from the face of the wall. In many places, especially on the three faces, cast, south, and west, the brackets have broken, bringing down with them the cornice above. As the only prominent feature of the walls aro these great deep overhanging cornices, it is decided to restore the same to their former condition; for the present, only the front (south) side is being taken in hand, 129. "The stone used for the whole building and for thic cornices is the local trap. This stono cannot be had quite free from cracks and veins, and that is one of the reasons why the old cornices have given way. It is therefore elecided not to use this stone in restoring the cornices, which, besides, cannot be had in sufficiently long lengths. Guledgud white sandstone was suggested for use by AIr. Begg, Consulting Architect to Government, as it can be had in any longth; but, as the colour would not bo in keeping with the general appearance of the building, the suggestion was not approved of by Gorernment. Blue or salt-stone from Kurla, near Bombay, was afterwards proposed and obtained for trial. Stones sufficiently long (8 to 10 feet) could be obtained from that place, but it was found that this stonc, too, contained a number of cracks and veins, and was too soft for the kind of work to be done. The cost of quarrying and carriage was also prohibitire. This stone was, therefore, abandoned, and attempts were made to obtain the stone free from all defects, and nearer home. Such stone was eventually procured in the waste lands of the villages of Angar and Mohol in the Sholapur District. The stone is cut out of huge boulders, found embedded in soft murum, a few feet below the ground surface, The cost of the stone roughly squared and delivered on the railway stations of Mohol or Angar, is from Rs. 1-8-0 to Rs. 2-0-0 per cubic foot, according to its size. The stone is rather hard to dress, but is quite homogeneous in structure, is free from cracks and other defects, and gives a clear ringing sound. 130. “The usual kind of scaffolding, viz., two rows of wooden spars, tied together vertically and horizontally by means of ropes, would have been very expensive, and almost impracticable for this kind of work. The face of the wall has no openings or projections to gire stability to such scaffolding; and, besides, the hoisting of such heavy stones for the brackets to heights of 90 feet would have been a rather difficult process. A design for a steel girder cradle, suspended from a number of steel girders fixed at one end in the arched gallery above the cornices, was therefore mnde. All the parts were carefully worked out and it received the approval of Government. The workmen were, at first, rather afraid to work on this scaffolding, but gradually they became used to it, and have got full confidence now in its reliability, and every onc now declares it to be the best method that could have been devised. The stones are lifted by menus of a differential pully fixed to a cross girder, placed over the uppermost girders. The weight of the largest stone is about 20 cuts., aud four coolies can hoist it up easily, 131. “The brackets below the slabs are 7 feet in height, and consist of four courses of different heights. Each stone tails from 1 to 11 feet into the solid masonry of the wall. The brackets are broken almost flush with the wall, and to renew the same, the broken tails are required to be removed. This is found to be very troublesome and expensive, inasmuch as the tails are firmly fixed, and are, in many cases, wider than the dressed portion outside, and the opening is only about one foot in width. Every endeavour is made to copy the old designs faithfully both as to shape, size, and workmanship." 132. The minarets of the Jāmi' Masjid at Ahmedābād, before they were The Shaking Minarets of thrown down by the earthquake of 1819, vere known as “the shaking minarets of Ahmedābād”. The following extract from Grindlay's Scenery and Costumes and Architecture of Western India refers to them: “But the most remarkable circumstance attached to this building is the vibration which is produced in the minarets or towers, rising from the centre of the building, by a slight exertion of force at the arch in the upper gallery. Many theories have been suggested to account for this, but they all fail in affording a satisfactory explanation of this architectural phenomenon ; which is still further involved in doubt by the circumstance of one minaret partaking of the motion of the other, although there is no perceptible agitation of the part connecting the two on the roof of the building." Colonel Konier- Ahmedabad.

·43 that one Williams, then Surveyor-General, gives, in his journal, the results of his personal observations on the subject : « 31st ilay, 1809. We found, on examination today, that the minarets of the Jumma Musjid shook just as much, or even more, than any of the others, and that one communicated the motion to the other fully to as great a degree as those of the Beebse Sahib's. Indeed, we tried the experiment upon every perfect pair of stone minarets within and about the town, to be erraced shaking them, but I was not sensible of the smallest motion or agitation whatever in the building under me." Al-Jihad on the last of Wow Inet naamlu • hundred years was called to zsed the same peculiarity. I ascended to the topmost balcony of one, while two or three men ascended the other. Putting their hands together against their minaret, they began to throw their weight against it. For a few seconds I felt nothing on mine; but, as I was about to put the thing down to imagination, it began to swing with a soft, noiseless, and resilient motion, which gradually increased, • until I was, perforce, obliged to call out to them to stop it. 1 Poona, 18th July 1905. HENRY COUSENS, Superintendent, Archeological Survey, Bombay Circle.

·i CONTENTS. PÅGE 29 .. .. # Numismatics Treasure Trovo Museums Bombay Poona Junagadh Rajkot Baroda Udaipur Compilation of Lists Publications Contravention of Standing Orders Office Library Annual Expenditure Programme for 1910-1911 Superintendent's tour Assistant Superintendent's tour 32 32 32 33 33 93 33 33 33 94 ... ... . .. .. 35 35 35 du ... PART II. . 36 40 40 40 41 ... ... 43 .. ... ... ... Dlirpūr-Khas Taodo Muhammad Khan Jhirruck Pattadakal Badami Assistant Superintendent's tourm Bombay Junagadh Jaipur Statt Māvnda Bairag Amer Jaipur Sanganer Chātsü Kbätū Revāsă Jin-Mata Haras Raghupathgad! Lohagar Sakral Klandola Saladdſpură Ajmer Jodhpur State Phalodi Pandukhá Media List of Public Librarios, etc., to which the Reports of the Archæological Survey of India are supplied ... ... . 44 47 48 48 49 50 51 51 52 55 55 56 57 58 59 . ... . .. .. . ... 59 6) 61 . + 1 ·GOVERNMENT OF BOMBAY. GENERAL DEPARTMENT. ARCHÆOLOGY. PROGRESS REPORT OF TEE ARCHEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA, WESTERN QIROLE, FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31ST MARCH 1910. PART I. 1.-OFFICE ROUTINE. This will be my last Progress Report, as I shall retire from the public Personel service from the 13th of September next. It will be 35 years, all but 3 months, since I first joined the Archäological Survey under Dr. Burgess, and I am the last of that party. Before leaving, I must put on record my full satisfaction with the work of Afr. Nārāyan Maládev Tátake, my head clerk, whose uniform application and industry have been praiseworthy. The rest of the establishment are more or lesg new hands, and it is hardly, possible to say much as yet regarding their work more than that they are steady and diligent. They were all most useful to me in my excavation work in Sind, readily taking up the function of overseers in charge of the gangs of coolies employed. Mr. Närāyan Waman Kittur, my second clerk and typist, promises well; he is rapid and accurate in his work, 2. During the monsoon recess of 1909 the usual work at head-quarters occupíed us. have already, in previous reports, Work at Head-quarters, specified the nature of our varied duties during that period of the year. We are always most fully occupied and never seem able to do all we would wish to for want of time. II.- THE YEAR'S WORK, 3. On the 1st of April, 1909, T ----- hand onto Donna on my way through the Bijāpur BIJAPUR, Ajhole. district, Juring season . was spent, partly at Bijăpur, where I had to consult the Public Works Depart. ment about difficulties which had arisen regarding work in progress at the Ibrāhim Rauza and the Asar Mahâl, and partly amongst the very old temples at Aihole, making notes with the Public Works Department Sub-divisional Officer for their conservation and repair. Another visit to Bijāpur was necessitated in July. 4. In November I was asked to conduct the Viceregal party over the old buildings of Ahmedābād and Bijapur and the Kapheri Caves, caves of Elephanta. This obliged us to defer starting on our regular tour until late in the month, when I proceeded to the Kaņheri Caves in company with the Collector of Thánā, in order to arrange on the spot, with the proprietor, Vr, Chhabildás Lallubhăi, for their future conservation and maintenance, B 610--1 ·2 Kannur, 5. Returning to Bijūpur, we turned our steps towards the very old town of Pattadnknļ, six miles west of Aihole, and, like that Pattadakal. place, full of ancient temples of the (nrly Chnlukyan period. Notes were here inade for the conservation and repair of the tompiles, which are mostly in ruins. 6. Bidlami next cinimed our attention for the same reason, and from there we continued our tour into the Dharwar district in Iisdami, andag, linvori, order to examine, with a ricw to conzervation, old Bankapur, Unkai. temples at Gndng, Iliveri, Banlipur and Unkal. 7. In thio Belgaum district wc virited the temples at Bulgamn itself and at the Gokak Falis. Between the Falls and Drupdal Bclgnum, (jokak Falls, railway station aru the konmur dolmens, brought us up in the Christian Imlidays, apie advantage was taken of these to send our lit on alıcall to Mirpur-Khas in Sim. & Almost as soon as I find arrived at Mirpur-Khis, I way called away to Central India to go orer the couscrsation works Miandu. at Handlu with Vajor Blakeway, Secretary to the Honourable the agent to the Governor-General in Central India, so that I did 1101 get properly to work on the excavation of the slūpa nt Mirpur-Khas until the 2nd February. 3. Excavation work on the Buddhist elipa nt Mirpur-Khis occupiedi u: until the 23rd of Vinrch. An account of this work and Mirpur Khas. its results will be found in l'art II of this report. 10. Our next more was to Tando Mulinnımad Khan, near icla place stand the romniny or another, but rather smaller, Tanuo Muhammad Khan. slüpe. It is situated close to the Fuleli canal oud railway, about 6 miles to the north-west of the town. Another two miles in the same direction, on the top of the hill, are the remains of what was probably another, where carved ond decorated bricks have been found. It was too latu in the season to ntterapt excavation here. It is reserved for next eunson. 11. Inother pince that wo visited was Jherrick on the Indas, where, upon aliill three and a half miles to the south, on the Jherrick. Tattā road, are the remains of a Buddhist slapi, which was dug into some fiſty-seven years ago by a Mr. Cole, Carved bricks from this are in the Juscuin of the Borubay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 12. From Jherrick I went to Karachi to get photos of the bronze image Karachl. of Bralună nt the Musoum, which was discovered some years ago near Jirpur-Khās, and also to see whether there were any objects in the collection from Buddhist sources, 13. On our way back to Head-qunrtera I visited Abū to advise upon some Abu, Almer. uccessary conservation Fork .at the Achinlebraril temples; and a committee meeting of the Rajputani llluscum, at Ajmer, took me there for a day or two. 14. On the 28th April I met the Director-General of Archäology in Bombay, who was on his way to Europe on leave. Superintendent's Diary. April 1909, 4th to Oth, Visited Bijapur. 10th to 18tu . On the way to Ailole. 15th to 20th . Halt at Aiholo. 26th to 28th , Roturacd to Hood-quartors, Poona, 29th to July. At Hicad-quarters. 17th, 18th to 19th . Visit to Bijapur, 20th to Nope At Head-quarters. 9th. July ·3 Nopember 10th to 13th . Visit to Ahmedabad to attend opon the Vicesega) parts 14th to 18th . At lead-quarters. 17th to 18th. Visit to Elephants Cages to attend opon the Viceregal party. 19th to 22nd, Visit to Bijăpur for the same porpose. 23rd ... &t the Kanher! Caves with the Collector and proprietor, 25th ... Returned to Bijapur, 26th to 1st Halt at Bijapur. December December 2nd Proceeded to Badimi en route to Pattadaks). 6th to 9th ... Halt at Pattadakaļ. In 1 1.. 21st . on at Belgaam. 22nd to 23rd. At Gokak Falls, 24th to 2nd Christmas Holidays. January. Jangary Srd to 13th... Halt at Head-quarters to give time for kit to reach sind. 15th Iuspected the work carried out at the Jami Masjid, Broach. 16th to 18th. Halt at Ahmedabad. 20th ... Arrived at Mirpur-Kbis, Sind, 23rd Left Mirpûr-Khas for Blandu in Central India. 26th to 80th . Halt at landa. February 2nd ... Returned to Birpur-Khas. Srd to 22nd Halt at Mirpūr-Kbis. March March 23rd Proceeded to Hyderabad. 24th to 28th. Halt at Hyderabad. 29th ... Proceeded to Tando Mahammad Khan. 30ch to 1st Halt at Tando Makammad Kia. April April 2nd to 3rd Tando Muhammad Khin to Jherrick. U-1+ at Thamrinal . 2 1L peral. its retealog ng & June of the Prince of Hey muycuW. NOTE I have entered my diary of toaring ap to Jano since I shall be retinog in September and this is my last Progress Report. Assistant Superintendent's Diary. . 16th 1909. April Ist to 14th Engaged in excavation work at Mandor, ... Reached Junagadh. 17th to 29th. Halt at Janigadh. Nay let Retarded to Poons. 2nd to Nov- At Lead-quarters. ember 2nd. Notember 3rd ... Left Pooss for Nim-ka-thins. 5th to 10th ... Ualt at Nim-ka-hapa, 12th ... Reached Baira. 13th to 22nd .Ulalt at Bairat. 23rd ... Proceeded to Bhabrů, 24th to 26th. At Bh brū. 28th Arrived at Amer. 29t8 to December 5th ... Halt at Amer. ach Lett for Jaiporo 7th to 14td ... at Jaipur, 16th to 21st . Ialt si Sanginer. 22d Reached Chifsu. 25th to Jaz. Christmas bolidays, rec uity ?ad.

·4 1910, January 6th Left Chatsü. Otu ... Arrived at Ringas. 11th to 13th... Halt at Khătü. 14th Procooded to Retråsì. 15tli to 17th . At Rowósá. 18th Visited Jin-mata. 22nd ... Reached Sikar. 27th to Fob. ruary 3rd ... Halt at Haras. February 7th ... Arrived at Raghunathgadb. Sth to 12th ... At Raghunathgah. 14th Roached Sakrši. 19th Proceeded to Khnndola. 20th to 25th . Halt at Khngdela, 26th Went to Ajmer. March Stua Broke up Camp and arrived at Phnlodi. 10th to 14th , Halt at Punlodi. 15th Left for Pandukha. 16th to 19th . At Pandukla. 2009 ... Proceeded to Medta. 21st to 27th. Halt at Medtå. 29th to 31st. At Kekind, Nim-ka-thana. Bairat. 15. I have already stated in last year's report that excavation work, started at Mandor by the Director-General of Archäo- Mandor. logy, lasted till about the middle of April 1909 and that I was there to help him.* When the work was brought to a close, I immediately proceeded to Junagaờh to prepare estam- Junagadh. pages of the Aboka inscription in accordance with the instruotion of the Bonibay Governinent, General Department, This brought our touring season of 1908-1909 to an end. 16. We had also been asked to prepare estampages of the Asoka inscription at Bairāt in the Jaipur State. Our next touring season consequently commenced with a visit to Ninikā-thânā, from where we were advised to go to Bairāț. From Nim-ka-thānā I visited Māvņdā and Gaņesar. At Gaņosar 110 object of antiquarian interest was found, and at Mã vạợã there tas nothing to be seen beyond two Chhatris. 17, After a rough journey, we reached Bairāt on the 12th of November 1909. Besides the actual work for which we had come here, we were engaged also upon visiting and photographing the ruins at and near Bairāt, an account of which will be found in the descriptive portion of the report. From Bairāț I proceeded to Blābrī, about twelve miles S.S. W, of it. One of the inscriptions of Asoka has been called the Bhābrä Edict. Bhabrá here is no doubt a mistake for Bhābrit. I made a very careful search at this place but did not find antiquarian remains of any sort. I am, therefore, convinced that Cunningham is right in calling it a Bairāț edict and supposing that it was originally on the Bijak-pabád there. 18. From Bhābrū I went to Āmer. This was a much better road to go to Bairāt than the one running from Nin-kā-thānā which I had been advised to take. Another good road to go there, I was told by the people, was the one passing by Ghāzi-kathână to Alwar. From Amer I proceeded to Jaipur, Jaipur. Here places of antiquarian interest such as Gáltä, Gehtor, etc., were visited. I also inspected some old sculptures stored in the Museum and the Resident's garden. I was also able to consult some antiquarians here and prepare a list of antiquarian remains for the Jaipur State, the list that we were supplied with being in every way inaccurate and incomplete. I left Jaipur for Sángāner, where Singhi's temple was photographed. There Bhabru. Amer, * The following potes on bjs diary are by Dr. D. R. Bhindurkar.

·$ Chotiu, KO Sui! Xheto, Rerata la mett. are other objecia at Sinziner oflxal interes, abas Dil: 47.1 teaspils 3: ? the image of Singa Báli ani so forth, but luroad conmily is out... so did not work. Wo then pitoxalm Criti, mich was calcrent! planuostricken when were thirte. recciral as inoch l:cip ar i! kit fruill: f-:thclxal authoritim to gire. 19. Soon after the Christmas holidasI turned in the trurin tart ! the Jaipur territis and coplond the Souljišsis since. Kháļa hod 01.c kc famuluste traps of Syamji, but, beyond a fost sculptures stuck in the walleo a Jorged loor, tracc of it now remain At Remii similarly their feet fourfonden te erl. Oor Cuaribil: W bade a mell is gastoralar! Innzel to me tenlls erst:T s-máli, mhich i. only six rum di tant from it. This list temple is duubitions of this periai, bos! ni pulları «! the size of these Ilenici Chhatry setr found here. Ilze anze inkrips** were found which are important for the history of the injunal Ct.saasta dynasty. 20. From Rorii I procrcat Şikar og my war to llorat. Jarasi 8 mile (roun Sikir; atlon a lufty hill neartis til are no less than threr temple. One of them wal: 15 ancient, that which is locally knonn as the temple of Malvirra. Tlc Rolan. jag tro aru partially built of the materiale of this ruined lorople. 21. At Raghanáthgarh one ancient temple #1 dikoretel. Fra lucre Lolizi!, one of the musi rret plans a Solli,51, Rotonathadh tras ruitrd. From Righusathath I pauciti Sakrii, which is anotlıcr place of narrtits in th.st» since. llere I found tro old in-criptions and oac ancient treple. Khandola as the neat plicu me rent to..! 1:al lesz a great dral about it lule tourirs in Sklárát a vida!X, wc. I Khandele. tras at Jaipur. But I was well : appl«!. Becaueo lxeronda for old sculpturis here and those gyfrrel op "10-**upont, the walls of vella, no ancient building of any linii was found. This ". mnent was, however, leescncil when I smileja 1215 cratury temple of Soli/lipari four inils distant, 23. This brouille tus trurin, in the Jaipur Slat- 4) ***, ilirim up my camp in oriler to go to the Jollpur Shier. In the meanal. 1 -isi an opportunity to suit Ajcars to rent irremser Almer inksiplin sonra had been livi in t... M***** 1. Till thclyinning of Varela then I as there, there were noi thieman T* 7*** tions. Two of them more foruul at l'altar a: 4 the ti i Ri ..r's 19th, Bharatpur Sinte. 24. My tour in this Jollpur Sulo farms with 1.4:>!!in! !! Dirtrici. lcre me te mire! **; into old tcniplas as ! cyri 1**Tiffrono From here the adjoinic: rullages claud Jui'rati ar 1. f. I'ray I'lamli I found to l'all., st.cpp t;***** of an incription in an ! nel srir utsy It's 4-14 Rent to Viet This masca d'elilile Klans, en «!!{'*,!,: '! structure not risus legend A frytortlerer: 1.) 4.1 #7157, Almende with Walema!? buloane 1.5 dbala *****!!! hehe 3. ll. were lucr.lan!! Hlin! leons !!! 10:48F!9ix Jaisa temps ! alr:t13:17 Sakral. Hant 11-bc-mt. Stalom!!!!!!!¢52, 13! Fin!: Plate tomat mesi, tally diftifsimin ·6 Photographs taken during 1909-1910. Seris! Kamber. Locality. Title of Photograph. Size of Negatire. 3293 3294 Bijópur 3295 Do. 3296 Do. 1. 16. ... 3297 3298 3299 Do. Do. Do. . .. 8300 3301 Da, Do, ... .. 3302 8909 3304 Do. Do. Do. .. ... *** 6 ... 11 4.6 ... .. .. 3305 3306 3307 3308 3309 3310 3311 3812 3313 3914 3315 3316 9317 3318 3319 3320 3321 3322 3323 Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Du. Do. Do. Do. Do, Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. 16 ... -> 81 x64 Negative of painting of Col. Tod and his Pandit 61 x 45 Ibrahim Rauza, façade, south end of mosque Do. general view of tomb Do. do. perforated window in west end of north verandah Do do. interior of tomb chamber The Dakkani Idgah Asar Nahál, painting on trall, nearest window on north wall Do, do, on east side in north wall Do. do. on west side of door in north wyall Do, do. on west and of north wall Do. do, on vest end of south wall Do. do, on east face of recess in south Trall Museum, blue and white jar Do. do. other side Do. a second blue and white jar Do. persian inscribed stone Jod Ganbaz from north-east Do. Baobab tree near the Broken vaalt at east end of Taj Bávadi façade Kishtar Khan's unfinished tomb Arkilla walls, sonth-west bastion Do. south-east bastion at entrauce Do. south-west entrance gate-ray Ogee arch way of the old mint ... Bukhāri masjid Ali Adil Shah's tomb, south-east corner Karib-ud-din's mosque in the Argillo Do. do. the principal mihrab Do. do. pillars in the mosque ... The Rangi masjid (216) Ceiling of raulting (looking up) of building in front of last Pillar and pendentives in mosque No, 213 Jala mandir in front of Sat Manjli from north-west Temple of Sangameśvara, from south-west Do. do. from north-east Do. do. pillars of hall Do. do, sbride doorway... Temples of Mallikarjuna and Kāśiviſvanatha Do. do. south side do. wall panels on south side ..) Do. do. Lakulisa panel on south side, trest end Do. do. pillars in the great hall. Do. do. central aisle and shrine doorway Do, do. Tandava sculpture front of sikhara Temple of Kasivissanātha, front door and pillars within Do. Virūpāksha, north side of porch and hall Do. do. north side of shribo and sikhara do, roof mouldings and gargoyle on north side Do. do. Ardhanáriávara panel Dorth fall do. tivo windows and dancing sculpture on north wall Do. of Galaganátha from south-east $1 .. ... 3324 Do. 8325 Do. 3326 Patfadaka! 3327 Do. 8328 Du. 3329 Do. 3330 Do. 3331 Do. 3332 Do. ... ... » Do. ... 8333 Do. ... 3334 3335 Do. Do. 3336 Do. OD 3337 Do. ... 3338 3339 Do. Do. ... 8340 Do, Do. 3341 Do, OD 3342 Do. Do. 3348 Do.

·Berist Nombor Locality. Title of Photograph. Size of Negativo. 3314 Pagfadakal PE UR. 11 33 ... do. .. ) 3313 3316 3317 3318 3319 3360 3351 3352 8353 8354 3355 Do. Do. Do, Do. Do, Da Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. to > ... » . .. 1) .. *** 3356 Do. ... sy 3357 3358 Do. Do. Do. do. 19 Do. 3359 3360 Do. 3361 Do. 3362 3369 Do, 8364 Do. 3365 Do. 3366 Do. 8367 Do. 8368 Do. 8369 Do. 3370 Do. 3371 Do. 3372 Do. 3378 Do. 3374 Badami do. 13 31 ... Temples of Virūpåkska, Sangame yara and Galaga- Datha 61 x 47 Temple of Papapitba from Bonth-east Do. do. north-west corner Do. do. north side, east end Do, do. dikhara from south-east Do, front or east porch Do. do. two front pallars of front porch Do. do. sculptured beam in hall Do, do, interior of eastern hall Temple of Kådsiddhesvara Do. do. sbrine and door-way Jaisa temple at Mission, outside village on west, from south-east... Do. do. from south-west ... Do. do. shrine door... Do. do. from elephant beside hall door... Temple of Mallikarjuna, sculptare on pillara in hall 7.. 313 31 Do. do. Do. do. do. Da do, do. Do. do. do. Do. do. do. Do. do. do. Do. do. do. Do. do. Do. do. do. Do. do. do. Do. do do. Do. do. Do. do, Do. do. do. 64X47 Temple ou north side of tank, sculpture on roof Film 3131 ... Lakulisa in temple behind Bhutapatha Images on rock'behind Bhūtenåt ba Seated image in cavern 81% 43 Temple of Siddlebrara, from the south-west Do. do. south side of shrine and ball ...! Do. do. south side of shrine only south side of shrine, panels ... . do, Do. Do. do. south side of shrine, panels at Do. do. image on front of fokhara Do. do. pillars in open hall Do. part of lotus ceiling in south side of hall Do image of Siya and Parvati Do. do. Beated image holding Linga Do. do, pair of Naga figures with tails intertwined Do. Mahishasurmardin image Do. image of Sürya without boots Do. do. image of Narasitisha Do. do. tbres inscription słabg in front of temple Do. do. one inscription slab in front ... Do. do. Saptamitri slab built in well ... 2 do. do. 9) ... OV 20 31 Do. vo. ... Ver 3375 Do. 3378 3377 Do 3378 Hareri 3379 Do. 3380 Do. 3381 Do 3382 Do 10 IL West end $3 I. . 3383 3894 3385 Do. Do. Do. . do. ... 1 do. 1.0 ... 3386 3387 8398 Do. Do. Do. I. . 17 . 11 do. do. Do. Do. Do Do. 10. 3389 3390 3891 3392 12 "} >> Do. 3393 8394 1 Do. +1 1 3395 Bankåpur 3396 Do. 3397 Do. 3398 Do. 8399 Do, Temple in fort, from south-west Do. porch on south side of closed hall Do. door-way in south porch Do do. moulding of jamb... do. pillars in ball +. Do. 17 ·8 Sorial Maraber. Locality, Titio of Photograph, Size of Negatiro. to. 61 x 47 te Do. ... 8400 Bankăpur 3401 Do. 3402 Do. 3403 Do. 8404 Do, 8405 Do. 3406 Do. 3407 Do. 3408 Do. 3409 Do. 3410 Vokal 8411 Do. 57X34 6134 S412 Do. temple in fort, pillors between two balls, south sida Do. do. Dorth side Do. ander side of corpice quarter of ceiling in closed hall Do. single lotus ceiling in closed hall Do. pillar in closed hall Do. ceiling slab lying outside Doorway of Pauch Malkāppå Bavadi Tsyo kootted spakos from do. Square knotted snake ceiling from Bävadi Temple of Chandramauliśvara from sooth-east Do, do. portion of parapet wal) at south-east corner... Do. do. portion of walls south side, fest end Do. do, perforated panel od south side of west door-tray Jaina temple is fort, close to Commissariat gard, east side of mandapa ... Do. do. east side of shrine Do, do. west side of antechamber door-y ... Do. do. east side of ante. chamber door-way ... Do. do. on north-east of last front of temple facing south ... Jaina temple, portion of façade 3413 Do. 3414 Belgaum 8415 3416 Do. Do. 3417 Do. ... 8418 Do. 8419 Do. . 8420 3421 Do, Do. > ... > 3422 Do. 3423 Gokak Falls 3424 Do. 8425 Do. 3426 3417 Do. 3428 Mirpur-Khís .. Do. 3429 Da. 3430 Do, 8431 3432 Do. Do. Do. Brahmanical temple in fort, general vier Do. do, sculpture shore sotechamber door Do. do. pillar in hall Image of Surga at big temple on south side of Falls Big temple on south side of Falls, from S-V. Image of Primārli from small temple or north of Falls. Portion of ceiling from do. do. Dolman from Konour group Buddhist stūpa, general view from south side at begioning of excavation Do. general view from north-east (in two negatives) Do. general viery from north-east after excavation (one negative) after removal of image general view from Borth-west Do. general view from north-east after escavation before removal of images. basement mouldings at Dorth-east corper general Fiety shoring panels larger ... Buddha image, south nicke on east Do. do. east riche, on north side do. middle niche, on north side ... do, Test nicle on north side ... do. before being cleaned do. south wall partly excapated Do. do. north end of est tall # 3433 Do. Do. 3434 8135 Do. Do. Do. Do. 3136 Do. side ... 3437 Do, Do. 6 ... 3438 Do. Do. 3439 3440 Do, Do. Do. Do. 341 Do. . . II, * ·9 Serisi Yumber. Locality, Title of Photograph. Size of Negatire. DO Do. IB do. >> Do. > ... Do. 13 . Do. Od ... .. .. Do. 33 23 UD. 1 .. Do. . . . do. . " . 3442 Mirpur-Kbas Buddhist ståpa, three shrines in west fall from south-west 61 x 41 3443 middle and south shrines showing fragment of arch 3444 Do. Do. do. 3445 Do. small Buddha image on west wall 3446 Do. Do. votive tablet in unbornt clay with Baddha io witness attitude 3447 Do. Do, votive tablet in unbarnt clay with Buddha in teaching attitude 3148 Do, Potive tablet in anburnt clay with stūpas 419 Do. Do. votive tablets in unburnt clay, small size 8450 Do, Do. the relics magnified 8151 Do. relice, reliquary and accompaniments 13 3452 Do. Do, head of image in soath piche on east wall 3453 Do. Do. image found in the middle shrine ... 8454 Do. 3 images 3453 Do, Do. 6 terra-cotta bricks 3456 Do. Do. relic chamber and coffer 3457 Tando Muham-Stüpa 6 miles to north, from north-east mad Khan, 3158 Do. Do. do. sonth-east 3459 Do. do Bouth-West 3460 Do. Remains of stūpa on hill two miles north-west of last... 3161 Do. po. do, do. bricks from same 3462 Jherrick Tomb 4 miles south of town 3463 Do. Group of ruined tombs at same place 3464 Do. Tombstone at same place, in tiers 3465 Do. Do, Biogle upright stone 8466 Do. Door of tomb (No 3162) 3167 Do. Tomb No. 3162 aud mosque in front and graveyard ... 3468 Karachi. Image of Brahmă in Museum (found near Mirpur-Khas), full front 3469 Do. Do, do, left side Do. 8470 Do. do. 3471 Do. do. the back 3472 Do. Do. do. head 3473 Do. Marble door jamb in Museum (from Nagar Parkar) 3474 Māvndá Two chhatris 3475 Bairat Temple of Pärsvanatha, ceiling from 81X64 3176 Do, General view of Bhimsen-ki-dungri 3477 Do. 6}"X 48 Asoka's inscription rock 8478 Do. 81"*07 3479 Do. 3180 Do. chamber 3481 Do. Do 61% 47 general view of top-like rock 81x61 3483 ) Amer Temple of Lalsah, view from north-east 3483 Do. Do, 61 x 47 doorway oatside Do 3484 another doorway outside Do. 3485 Do. piche) image of Kartikeya in s outside 41 x 37 8486 1o. 81x61 Temple of Jagatsrayanji, general view from east Do. Do. Garuda pavilion 61X47 two pillars from 3488 Do. Do. Do. 3489 3.490 Do, General mew of Chhatra of the royal family 81 x 61 3191 Do. Palace, pies of the entrance 3472 Do. Do. interior of Dran-i-klar 3493 Sångäder Sigbji's temple, central shrine ... 61x17 Do Do, 8491 .. ... ... ... > 1 right side 2 Do. .. .. . .. 9) II .40 11 Do. 110 3487 Do. leage of Sitaladevi R. 13 . + > . "* doortray from B 610-3 ·10 Title of Photograpli. Size of legative. Serisi Xember. Locality. ... .. ... .. . ... .. ... . . .. 10. ... ... ... Do. ..! ... room ... Do. .. 01x41 8495 Chatsū Chhatri near the temple of Bå manji 41 S7 8496 Do, Old miniature shrine 3197 Do. Image of Ganapati 64X4 349S S'ir-dungur ... Temple of Sira" 81 x 61 3499 Jaina pillar Do. Do. 6! S500 Kliitū Back view of masjid with odd sculptures 8501 Do. ... Sculptured stone in masjid S502 Retrás Chhatri of Voujiris near Uparlı-kurā 61x41 3503 Da, Tro old pillars in the temple of Kalyanji 41x31 3504 Do. General sier of Hirag chhatri from north-Fest S505 Jin-mātā Temple of Nätā, pillars of sabha-mandapa from south- Fest SIX 61 Do. do. do, 3506 Do. from southcast 3507 Do. Do. do. do. back view from north-east... 61x43 3505 Harasugth General vier of ruins from north SIX 6 S509 Do. Do, and sculptures from north-cast 3510 Do. Do. 6149 from south-east 3511 Do. Tomple of Mahideva, shrine door 3512 Do. Do. 8! 6} interior 3513 Do. outside porch 3514 Do. Do. general view from sonth-east 3515 Do Temple of Bhairava, tiro pillars near the entranco 3516 Do. Do. image of eighteen-hnoded goddess. 6! X45 8517 Do. Do. cbomber not used as cooking 3518 Do. Temple of Sirji, sonth wall, Sürya and other sculptures. 3519 Do. fathoming of linga $520 Do. Do. tro colossal images resting on north Wall 8! X6! 3521 Do. Colossal images stacked together beliud same temple.. 3522 Do. Lover half of a colossal imago 6! X4 3529 Do. Image of Reranta 3534 Do. Image of Sisa and Parvati 3525 Do. Kirti-mukha 41431 3526 Raghuvathgadh... Temple of Babãdera 8! X6 3527 Do. Image of Malisbāsuramardini 8528 Sakrai Pillor in the temple of Sikambhari 3529 Khandela Grāvgi's temple S**0.9 3530 Do, ... Temple of Khandeśvara, salha-mandapo 35:31 Sonagrā bārdi. 3532 Do. Sculptures in Vlāvālā kurā 3533 Do. Llunji's temple, image of Kubera 44x31 3534 Do. Do. image of Seshasasi 3535 Do. Image of Mātā near Narsingji's temple 3536 Do. Sculpture from Pancho-ki-thai 3537 Do. Sculpture from temple of Kisaudevji 3528 Saladdipură Temple of Sobbalde, Fier from south S !! 3539 Do. Do. viety from north 61 x 45 3510 Do. Do. vier of śikhara Six 61 3541 Phalodi Temple of Jvälámokli, back view 3512 Do. Temple of Brahmäni, tresteru rrall 3543 Do. image of Varāba in southern wall. 4x31 3544 Do. Do. image of Narasimha in northern wall 3545 Do. Torana in front of same, riers from north-rest 8.1 x64 3546 Do. Do. ries from east 3517 Loose sculptures in walled enclosure of same temple 3548 Temple of Pârsvanã tha, general vier S! X 64 3349 Do. sculpture of Nandiśvara-duipa Gjx41 3550 Do. Do. sculpture of Samarasarana 3551 Nedta Lakshmi's temple, two pillars in the outhouse S! X 6! 5552 Do. Do. loose sculptures from 61x43 3153 Do. Do. image of Narasimha ... 4:31 3554 Dholera Tërthaml Fith inscription on ... ... . ) I.. ... ... 6 ... Do. .. .. > . ... ... .. .. Do. ... .. 6x49 Do. Do. Do. 14 ·11 Serial Number, Locality. Tit'e of Photograph Site of Negat te 8555 Kekind . 3556 Do. 3557 3558 Do. Do. do. Do. . 3559 Do. J) 3560 Do. 3561 Do. Temple of Nilakantha Mahadeva, general riew from south-east 81 x 63 Do. do. view from northwest Do. northern shrine wall do. westero freze, portion of salli-panda pa Do. do. northerp frieze, por. tion of sabha-man. dapa Do, do. two pillars from sabha-mandapa 61x41 Do. do. image of Yasoda and Krishna in sabha mandapa Temple of Parbyanåths, general view from north-east ... 81x6) Do. ceiling of sabhā-mandapa Temple of Matâ, front view Do. image of Mahishăsuramardini 63x41 41x31 61 x 41 47"X 37 ... Old weli, general view 87x61 ... Temple of Mahādeva, general view from soath-west Do. north shrine wall Image of Buddha in back niche of fame 67"X+7 1 . J) .. r -1.-*-1- 3562 Do. 3563 Do. 3554 Bhaya! 3565 Do. 3566 Do. 3507 ) Bitan 3568 Khavåspard Chokdi 3570 Do. 3571 Khaog! 3572 Bbundina 3573 Do. 3574 Do. 7 3569 ... 2 Inscriptions copied during 1909-1910. Seria! Numbur Place. Position of lascription 2491 Badami . 2192 Do. 2498 Do. 2494 Do. 2495 Do. 2496 Do. 2497 Do. 2498 Do. 2199 Do. 2500 Do. 2501 Patfadaka! .DL. 1 On top of fat rock behind Bhutanatha temple near the large lunda. Bhūtanátha temple, on pıllar is mandapa. Do. on shrine wall, outside. Over the image of Vishņa on rock behind Bhutapitha temple ...Below the image of Vishnu do. do. Over the image of Biva do. do. 22 do. do. .. do, do. pressions (names of 10ages in niches on walls, outside). Do. inside, on north wall (one lot of 2 impressions) Do. one lot of 12 impressions of 103077ptions in the cast porch. Do. on north wall, outsule, of 2nd mandapu. ular and one oçar the image > 2502 Do. ga. 2503 Pattadaka! 250+ 2505 Do. Do. ath side wall of hịt on Golerår talar, .. 2500 Bauat 2507 Amer 2508 Chatsu 2-09 J.Piata 2510 Do. 2511 Do. Do. 2513 Do. QUE 3rd pillar 4th pillar Do. do. do. Bad side, 2512 do.

·12 Position of Inscription. Serial Number, Place. ... ... 2514 Haraspăth Sinb lying in templo of Malådova. 2515 Do. On left side pillar (at its bottom), near the shride door on do. 2516 Raghunathgadh . On a tirthamba. 517 Skrải In the corridor of the front entrance of the temple of Sākambhari. 2518 Do. On the north wall of the shrine of the same tomple. 2519 Ajmer In the Rajputānā Museum, 2520 Do. Do. 2521 Do, Do. 2522 Phalodi In the temple of Brahmåņi Mata. 2523 | Pandukha Stone lying near well 2524 Megtá On a jamb near Sojatiya Gate. 2525 Dholer: On a tirthamb nrar well, 2526 Kekind In the temple of Pārsvanatha. 2527 Do. On left side pillar of porch of the temple of Nilakantha-Maládora. 2528 On another left-side pillar of porch of the same temple. 2529 Do. On right-side pillar of porch of the same tomple. 2530 Do. Op right-side pillar of arch in samo temple. 2531 Do. On left do. do. do. 2532 Bankapur Persian inscription over mihrab in the masjid in fort, ... Do. . List of Drawings made during 1909-1910, Serial Number, Placo. Title of Drating. 1345 Brāhm a na bā d Coloured drawing of glass bowl escavated at. (Sind). 1346 Brahm a pābi d Coloured drawing of pottery excavated at. (Sind). 1347 Bādāmī Plan of Bhūtapatha temple. 1348 Pattadaka! ... Plan of Mallikarjuna temple. 1349 Bankäpur Ceiling slab and cornice from the Arrattu-khambad basti temple in the fort. 1350 Mirpūr-Kbās ... Plan of Buddhist stūpa and section of wall of. 1351 Do. Elevation of Buddhist slipa north wall and details. 1352 Do. Elevation of central niche on north wall of Buddhist stilpa and plan of an excavation. 1353 Do, Plan of all mounds around the Buddhist stipa. 1354 Do. Map of Rājputāna. a. P. III.-CONSERVATION : BOMBAY. 26. The following is a statement of conservation works carried out in the Bonubay Presidency during the financial year Works carried out. 1909-1910. It is compiled from the lists received from the Divisional Superintendiog Engineers and the Examiner, Public Works Accounts, Bombay. Northern Division. Presidency Rs. Bombay, maintenance of and repairs to the caves and piers, Elephants ... 2,097 1 4 Do, special repairs to the Custodian's quarters do. 198 00 Do. ordinary repairs to do. 74 11 0 Do. special repairs to the Assistant Custodian's do. do. 84 4 0 Do. ordinary repairs to do. do. 11 0 0 Do. do. repairs to police chauki and watchman's quarters, Elephanta 10 0 0 Do. t special repairs to cares, Elephanta 348 7 10 Do. re-erecting the railing to the landing pier, Elephanta 2,103 4 0 Do. * demarcating Goveruinent land attached to the caves, Elephanta, 50 0 0 Do. preparation for the visit of the Viceregal party to the Caves, Elephanta 144 15 8 Carried over 5,121 11 10 do. ... ... ... ... * Omitted in the Superintending Engineer's liste + Omitted in the Examiner's list.

·13 Rs. 8. P 60 ... ... D. . Brought over ... 5,121 11 10 Kaira and Panch Maháls District- Champaner, maintaining watchman for the Jāmi masjid 104 0 0 Do. special repairs to the Kevda masjid 57 0 0 Do. special repairs to Jåmi masjid 2,758 0 0 Do. special repairs to old walls surrounding the village 148 00 Kapadranj---Balding a parapet and railing round the kunda 823 5 5 Broach District Broach, special repairs to the Jami masjid 1,969 13 0 Do. erecting memorial tablets on the bailding of historical interest ... 2 50 Ahmedabad District Ahmedăbăd, repairs to Dādà (Bai) Harir's well 19 5 1 Do. restoring a portion of parapet wall over the Bhadar En. trance gate 79 15 3 Do. dismantling and rebuilding the south wall of the harem bulding, Sarkhej 1,778 94 Do. repairs to the west wing of the old ruined palace, Sarkhej ... 1,693 9 10 Do. repairs to the Malık-Isan-ul-Molk's mosque 1,017 05 Do. 1,199 10 6 Do. 994 10 3 Do. 156 0 0 e VO . ... ... ... . .. 550 0 0 53 11 10 Central Division. Poona District Kārli, maintenance of and repairs to Caves * Korogion, ropairs to the monument Năsık District- Naszk, maintenance of and repairs to the Panda Lenă Caves West Khandesh District Balsaņi, pay of the caretaker for the temples Southern Division, 141 0 0 11 15 2 40. 610 9 2. ... 900 7 110 .AL .. - 00 I. ... Bijapur District -----------------11--------- 49 0 0 138 0 0 300 0 0 50 0 0 ... 1,578 0 0 Do special repairs to the roof of the Asår Mahal ... 2,813 0 0 Do. 1.121. w.-zantine gallery 2,886 0 0 Do. he remaining 215 00 Do of the Jami masjid 113 00 +Do. carrent repairs to the Nagarkhana (Museum) 49 00 *Do. constructing Trophy 50 11 3 Do. current repairs to Archeological buildings 998 1 7 Do. pay of caretaker of the Maseam 120 00 Bādāmi, pay of the caretaker for the caves 72 0 0 Dharwar District *.- t *ha tamnla of Sarievatt 9830 75 10 0 $5 4 6 17 12 0 47 2 8 Do. repairs to the temple of Namesram 50 8 2 Halekoţi, repairs to the temple of Virabhadra in Kangal talski 32 12 0 Unkal, repairs to the Four-porched temple 25 00 Dambal, repairs to the temple of Dodda Basaväņná 53 6 8 19 14 0 Chardappur, repairs to the temple of Bakteśfara Carried over 2,290 13 9 1. .. ... .. 1.0 ... .. 91 • Omitted in the Sopenatending Engineer's list. Omitted in the Esamiter's list. B 610-4 ·1.1 ... Na. A. Brought over .. 20,290 13 9 Satiri District * Satirii, robuilding a fallon rotnining wall on the Hill Fort Road, Satari 176 6 3 Do. ropairs to tho Hill Fort Rond, Silari 293 1 8 Ratnagiri District Harpai, spocinl repairs to tho Suvorņndurg Fort 34.5 69 Mālvaņ, roinoring vegotation from the walls of the Sindhudurg Fort 64 50 Vijnydurg, spocinl repairs to the Fort wall 38 13 5 Dabhol, repairs to tho mosque 3 90 Koläbi District Roradaná, conserving tho ruins in the old Portugneso fort 875 3 3 Do, ropniring n large holo in the Fort wall 1,270 7 8 Karwar District Bhintkal, ropairs to tonb slabs 2 . ... + Indus Left Bank Division. 0 .. IIyderabad District Rukao, repairs to the Buddhist sluipo Hyderabad, ropnirs to the tomb of Ghulain Shala Kallora Do. pay of the caretaker for tho tomb of Ghulam Shah Kalliori . Do. repairs to the tomb of Glimláin Nabi Knhori Do. pay of the caretaker for the tomb of Ghulam Nabi Kolhori . Do. Ordinary ropairs to monumont * Moro, repairs to tho tomb of Nür dlulijenmad Kalhori Indus Right Bank Division. 29 0 5 0 0 42 0 0 20 0 0 42 0 0 2 S 0 25 00 ... . 713 0 0 195 00 harichi Cannls District Tattā, ropairs to the Dabgir inosqno Do. repairs to the tomb of Nawab Isikhain Do. maintconnco of a caretaker for the Archäological buildings on tho Makļi Hill *Karachi, repairs to Napier obelisk Detention Camp, Kiimiri *Mians, repairs to the monument *Dabb, repairs to the monument . 125 3 20 120 69 41 S 13 3 II. Total 33,950 14 11 27. The Executive Engineer, Nāsik District, sent an inspection report to the Superintending Engineer, Central Division, a Inspection Report, Nasik. copy of which has been forwarded to my office, together with the list of conservation works carried out during the year 1909-10. The report is as follows: “I have inspected the following archwological buildings during 1909-20 on the date shown against cach- (1) Ankai Cares at Ycola .., 21st December 1909. (2) Temple of Gondesvara at Sinnar ... 12th June 1910. (3) Hemadpanti temple of Mahadey at Jhodga... 25th October 1909. I describe briefly below the result of my inspection regarding the buildings. Item 1.—The caves are in fair order but very dirty. Certain smenring of red paint should be stopped and the Collector of Násik has been written to to warn the village officers accordingly. Provision for a chaukidar seems necessary and the same will be made in the C. R. estimate. A sum of Rs. 120 (approximate) as provided for in the list sent to you with this office No. 8158 of 20th October 1909 will be required for repairs to the caves and the same has been included in the present statement. Item 2.The temple is in fair order. If there are no funds available for restoration, it is suggested that the scaftolding already erected should be * Onnitted in the Suporintending Engineer's list, ·15 are now removed as it is very unsightly. A sum of Rs. 25 (approximately) will be required for the purpose. Item 3. The plinth of the temple requires protection at once as it is made of rough stones which were evidently protected formerly. As they unprotected the building is collapsing on the east and shows signs of danger of collapse on the south and east. Three lintels are cracked. The one over the main entrance being badly cracked and it is at present propped up with a wooden post. This post, I think, ought to be replaced by a stone column which should be of the same design as the other two stone pillars at the entrance. An estimate for Rs. 4,900 (approximate) for special repairs to the temple is in hand and will be sent in due course, In addition to the inclusion of above works in the present statement I have included the following two works which remain to be inspected during the current year. (1) Pandu Lena Caves. (2) Aeshwar temple at Sinnar. The amount shown against Item (1) is the same as is usually spent on account of maintaining it. For Aeshwar temple, the amount is the same as has been shown in the statement sent with this office No. 6158, dated 20th October 1909." 28. The inspection report by the Executive Engineer, Northern Hyder. ābād Canals District, to the Superiatending Engineer, Iospection Report, Sind. Indus Left Bank Division, is as follows:- " Buddhist Stupa at Thul Mir Rukan, Inspected by Mr. Tiluma] On February 1910. The Stupa g the last year ending 31st the platform where necessary and removing kalar eaten bricks. “The tomb of Nur Mahomed Kalhora at Kuba, seven miles north-east of Daulatpur in the Moro Taluka.-Inspected by Mr. Tilumal Kubchand, Sub- Engineer, on the 18th April 1909, 2nd December 1909, and 10th January 1910. The tomb is in good state. Repairs, such as chunam plastering wal)s over roof where the old plaster had peeled off on account of rain, providing " Neel" with new iron bar and providing shed (shade ?) for lamps with plaster of Paris, were carried out during the last year ending 31st March 1910." 29, Fifty-one estimates for conservation work in the Circle passed through my hands during the year under report. 30. The Executive Engineer, Bijāpur, reporting upon "Scrub Eradicator" as used against tree growth and weeds on buildings Scrub Eradicator. on the fort walls at Bijāpur, says :-"The small trees and plants could be destroyed in cases where the eradicator could reach the Toots by percolation. In case of larger trees the roots could not be killed completely. The plants withered by the application of the solution but started sprouting again in the course of two weeks to a month. A second or third coating of the eradicator destroyed the new shoots, but failed to kill them altogether. The trees and weeds growing on the side of a vertical wall could not be destroyed as it was fouod difficult or impossible to use the liquid in such a way as to have it reach the roots of the plants." 31. Conservation notes were prepared, printed, and sent in, upon the great Sūrya temple at Mudherà in His Highness the Gäekvād's territory, and upon the old temples at Aibole in the Bijāpur Districts. Others have been prepared, but are not yet printed, upon the old temples at Pattadakal, Badāmi, Hāveri, Bankápur, and those at the Gokak Falls. Copies of the printed notes are attached for the perusal of Government, Estimates, Conservation Notes, ·16 Works proposed for 1910-11. 32. The list of works it is proposed to take in hand during the year Works proposed. 1910-1911 is as follows. They are listed in order of urgency :- (From Provincial Revenues.) Rs. Northern Division Presidency Ghārāpurſ, ordinary repairs to the caves and piers, Elephanta Do. do. to the custodian's quarters Do. do. to the assistant custodian's quarters Do. do. to police chaukī and watchman's quarters ... 2,004 76 11 11'. 165 Ahmadabad Ahmedābād, pay of caretakers of caretakers for the archäological buildings Kairã and Panch Mahäls- Champānir, watchman's pay 100 .. 550 Central Division Poona Kārli, ordinary repairs to caves and custodian's pay Nafik Nāśik, repairs to and maintenance of Pāņdu Leņā Caves Indas Right Bank Division Karachi Capals Tattā, pay of the caretaker of buildings on the Makli Hill ... 141 120 100 120 od 12 72 180 1,340 ... 400 Indus Left Bank Division Central Hyderābād Canals- Hyderabad, repairs to and maintenance of Ghulam Shah Kalhora's tomb Do. do. of Ghulam Nabi Kalhorā's tomb Central Division West Khandesh- Balsāņā, pay of the caretaker of temple Southern Division Bijāpar- Bīdāmi, pay of the caretaker of caves Bijäpar, pay of the caretaker of the Museum Do. special repairs to the roof of the Asar Mahal Indus Left Bank Division- Eastern Nära Mirpur-Khās, fencing round the excavated Buddhist Stūpa ... Southern Division Bijāpar-- Bijapar, purchase and carriage of antiquarian objects to the Museum quarters for the caretaker of the Museum Do. current repairs to the archæological buildings Northern Division- Alimedabad Ahmedābād, current repairs to archæological buildings Do. special repairs to Dādà (Bải) Harir's well Central Division- Poona- Jupner, repairs to caves Do. repairs to Habshi Gambaz Ahmednagar- Ahmednagar, repairs to Nizam Ahmad Shah's tomb Southern Division Ratnagiri and Kolabā Reyadanda, repairs to gap in fort wall Northern Division Ahmedabad Sarkhej, repairs to south end wall of harem 150 600 2,000 1,000 500 .. ... 1,480 1,480 IS 130 710 1,370 ·17 Rs. ». 25 35 250 up 250 280 ter Northern Division--continued. Surat and Broach Olpad, repairs to Vaux's tomb Broach, repairs to Dotch tombs Surat, repairs to Dutch tombs Southern Division- Bijapur Bijapor, corrent repairs to the Nagarkbåos converted into Mosean Ratnagiri and Kolába- Roradanda, special repairs to Jesuit monastery in fort Northern Division Presidency- Gbárápurl, building of a rustic shed at Elephanta Caves Indas Right Bank Division Wester. Når Khudábid, special repairs to Jami masjid Do. ordinary do. do. Da. special do. Yar Makati mad's tomb Do. ordinary do. do. do. Southern Division- Dhårwán Backapur, fencing roand the Arvatta-khainbad Basti Iadus Right Back Division- Karachi Casals V--ido1 .. 1,500 10. .. 455 70 470 30 140 279 ve .40 0. 30 50 150 150 50 100 .. ge ... 0 100 deo 200 40 Do. Dabgir Mosque Do. Mirza Iogrel Beg's tomb Central Division- Poons Jurdar, repairs to Ghatghar caves Poona, repairs to European tombs Ahmednagar Ratajwidi, repairs to temple of Amritesvara West Khandesh Thälner, repairs to Mahammadan tombs Towlii, repairs to old well 11. Tiwigion 125 100 000 100 210 ... 10 sque 200 ... 30 80 .. 29 6 M. po Southern Division- North Kanari Gersappă, inscriptions Mirjan, inscriptions Belgaum- Gokák, repairs to temples at Falls ... Iadas Loft Bank Division- North Hyderabad Canals Rukkan, repairs to the Buddhist stupa ... Moro, do. Nür Mobámmad's tomb 09 .. .. 30 25 . Total ... 20,000 640-5 ·IS (s Literary Srdero Drişice- Vestberr het Citi, bagama aras is die mins 31 Sterkant cu: D 4 IV.BQA' NATIVE STATES 83. Tradici derse Se 1 art. C, Sovantadi, Faufunni kuna, 391572 wud, N3!!.. PUIG A350 Percoris see Codiwans. Cut Sassenderovisszaveries SCS-20 31 me Kaza Foleni reperis ci to BBR a rezista 66 Kew Ku. test S. 12 Facilement Kiar: sccidentato Ciens Kiibasur 3 OUS M. Cous. tead te eesma2 write your ti the Sacs mariis domain ring 31a Sot CHYTIL IYDI. 38. Ceusemrage week wis mecca ai tie piani de retiry, 25 Wetas en UCRS, Chand. Caves Flusa ya IVTE az un .. conclerican Samoa San E ISCR. 3. Si ricavica FACEL Te Dua SAB Regiuss vers le cui i Dytes the Vivo Iver; Festes A Xunde mergji, to van Ba Tamas, ir LAS Dagle (viceaba. Delta de la art. caut, 3 attester cars, SS. SSWAR, training wires a Sants . i The meas. II Fiammus fuisce it was 13 anzia nii tee meets ce w Szia e liceis Den receigimizden bu cine. The inside Co a recs, vas cerere de rice che case jyys nei 3 visca v 2. set the stics: ars. The secteur du site Sectis 3 Virgo was firssted in L ISCS DE LES bent belegicu Superintendees. 2. Ingen te vin eri in size cias Fü. Alagat ad Cheat Ibiza Recursos coas e Salg 4 ·19 Works Department have been entirely approved by the Archäological Super intendent since the end of the year, The temples are named as follows:- (1) Karan, (2) Mahadeo, (3) Hargowri, (4) Mahadeo, (5) Mahadeo, (6) Mahadeo, (7) Maie, (8) Sone river God, (9) Mahadeo." 40. The Political Agent, Bundelkhand, sends the following report regarding the repairs which have been going on at Khajrābā, BUNDELKHAND KHAJ. RAHA, received by him from Mr. Danly who is in charge of the works & Copy of a letter No. 4-95, dated the 2nd July 1910, from R. A. Manly, Esquire, in-charge restoration toorks, Khajraha Temples, the Agent in Bundelkhand. "I have the honor to state in reply to your No. 3714—260-20, dated 23rd June 1910, regarding the work done during the year April 1909 to Álarch 1910. I enclose a tabulated statement shewing the amounts spent on the respective temples. “Mr. Cousens knows Khajraha as well as Mr. Marshall, and it would aid him a great deal in writing his report if you would kindly send him my report "Work done," " Work to be done," which I submitted at Khajraha with my letter dated 20th February 1910. “From that date to the end of March the work carried on was on No.5—Devi Jagdambu and No. 6-Chitragupta temples and the museum which, I may venture to say, is nearly finished. "The brick-built portion in fror are being constructed from base to instructions; I mention this as Mr. . “Mr. Cousens has visited Khajraha on 3 occasions and, if he could manage to come, it would be very satisfactory." AT 17 11 - Jomantled and Khajraha Temple Restoration Works. Jlemorandum of expenses April 1909 to end of Jarch 1910. Name of work Amoun. Kbandaria Temple Jagdamba Temple Chitragupta Temple Vishyanath Temple Chaturbuj Temple Vamanji Temple Jawarı Temple Ghantai Temple Duladeo Temple Jatkarı Temple Museum Tools and Plants Supervision Contingencies Drawings Rs. a P- 567 148 1,347 11 54 2,266 4 7 272 7 101 1,809 15 7 56 8 3 4,278 03 35 6 7 2,683 0 0 37 15 3 2,035 8 11 33 6 3 3,199 11 0 6 348 16 Total Rapees 19,056 70 ·20 “Copy of a letter No, nil, dated the 20th February 1910, from R. A. Janly, Esquire, in-charge restoration works, Khajraha temples, to the Political Agent in Bundcikhand. "I have the honor to attach two statements with reference to BIr, Marshall's demi-official No. 171, dated 26th January 1910, showing what has been done and what remains to be done to Khajralia temples. The only temples which have been finished'are Vaman No. 17, Jawari No. 18, and Ghutai No. 21, but all of them should be stained. « In conclusion I beg to state that there is a very sliort time left for thic beginning of the monsoons and, as I will have to arrange for material which will be needed for the progress of the work till November, I should like to know what the allotment for 1910-1911 is to be. Early intimation about this will oblige. Tork that has been done. “Museum, with the exception of a small portion which I hope to finish in course of about a month, is finished. Vaman Temple No. 17.--Finished. No. 18-Jawari. Finished. No. 21-Ghantai. Finished. No.30-Duladeo Temple- Retaining wall finished. Scaffolding put up and shored up with Kacha Pacca brick masonry. Stone and mortar collected. No. Jatkari Temple- Retaining wall finished. Scaffolding put up and shored up with Kacha Pacca brick masonry Stone and mortar collected, TV ork that has been done. "No.3--Khandaria Temple.-Everything as noted in printed instructions has been done except that mentioned in statement" Jork to be done." "No.5_Devi Jagdamba Temple.—Everything as noted in printed instruc. tions has been done except that mentioned in statement " TV ork to be done." " No.6-Chitragupta Temple.-Everything as noted in printed instructions has been done except that mentioned in statement" TP ork to be done.' "No.7-Vishvanath Temple. Everything as noted in printed instructions has been done except that mentioned in statement " TV ork to be done." "No. 10-Chaturbhuj.--Everything as noted in printed instructions las been done except that mentioned in statement" Tork to be done." (Signed) R. A. MANLY. Statement of work to be done to Khajraha Temples. “ No. 3-Khandaria Temple- 1. North-west balcony pillar to be removed and she angle iron to be inserted on either side of broken beam. 2. Brick masonry pillar under slab to be removed, 3. South balcony brick work to be removed and stone pillars to be put at sides with T-iron under slab. 4. North-east balcony do, do. 5. North-east porch T-iron under slab, 6. Pyramid tops to niches inside temple (work in progress): 7. Pyramid tops to niches outside, do, ·21 do. "No.5-Devi Jagdamba Temple- 1. South balcony side stone pillar with T-iron to aupport broken slab. 2. North balcony do. do. 3. South balcony stone beam broken, iron to be put on either side of the beam, 4. The brick structure at entrance to temple has been dismantled according to Mir, Marshall's instructions of July 1909. Stone structure in progress, “No. 6-Chitragupta Temple- 1. The front structure of brick masonry dismantled. Stone structure in progress, 2. North and south balcony slabs broken, T-iron support under with side pillars. 3, North balcony parapet in black stone. "No.7--Pishvanath Temple 1. The pillar of the west balcony south corner is cracked obliquely and ... is also bruken in crack; this is quite the corner pillar to be replaced with a new one and inch angle iron to be fitted on ' either side of beam that is broken. 2. South-west balcony stone beam broken, angle iron to be fitted on either side of beam. 3. South-east and south-west balcony slabs broken, T-iron to be put under slab with side pillars. 4. Steps to entrance to shrine to be replaced in stone brick, and plaster removed. 5. A number of cornice and parapet stones which aro ready to be fixed in position, "No. 10-Chaturbhuj T'emple- 1. South-west balcony.beam broken, brick pillar to be removed and bean to be supported with angle iron on both its sides. 2. South balcony north-west and north-east balcony slabs broken, T-iron to be put with stone pillars under 3. Small temple on the east south corner of temple platform is out of plumb. The base is to be wedged with stone and iron wedges driven in under plinth. Moulding to be re-built and base to be concreted. "No. 21-Ghantai Temple Two base stones on either side to be replaced with new blocks and roof to be copper tied as per instructions of the Director- General July 1909. "No. 22-Adinath Temple The brick porch has not been dismantled as the temple is in possession of Jain community. The Darbar must wove in the matter before I can take it in hand. * No. 30-Duladeo and Jatkari Temples I need pot revise the condition in which both these temples are, and, as both yourself and Mfr. Darshall have inspected them, practically no restoration work has been taken up. See notes scork done." Nesloralion of Shikar and tops of lemples abone comice. "A! the tops of the temples from cornice upgards to be thoroughly examined and all shaking portions to be redged rith cement and stone and clamped with copper if necessary. All prominent kaleas to be replaced alicre missing, all loose ones to be fired with stonc pias and cement. This applies to temples Nos. 3, 5, 6, 7 and 10. This is rery essential as all the damage caused in B 610-6 ·22 the past to the cornices and parapets has been owing to the upper portiou falling, in fact monkeys have a great deal to do with the damage that was done. Removal of grass and shrubs- "All gaps where vegetation is apparent should be cleaned carefully and filled up with cement and old plaster while washed; old mortar joints cleaning intervepes, etc., etc., is to be alluded to also. Please see general instructions, 2nd January 1905, by H. Cousens, Esquire. “ Museum 1. Collection of sculptures. 2. A small portion of centre platform remains to be finished, Coping and kalsas to be fixed." (Signed) R. A. MANLY. > BUNDI, VI.-RAJPUTANA, 41. The returns for Dungarpur, Banswārā, Partābgarh, Kushalgarh,' and Mevār, for 1908-C9 arrived too late for inclusion in last year's report; they are, with the exception of Mewár, blank. 42, In Mewar the only work mentioned is the MEWAR. repairs to the Chitor fort. 43. The return for Jaipur, which was also late, records that the Darbár have sanctioned a sum of Rs. 11,364, in order to JAIPUR restore their old observatory, situated at Jaisinghpurā near Delhi. MARWAR DHOLPUR, 44. The returns for 1909-10 for the following KARAULI, KISHANGARH, ALWAR, TONK, States are blank, viz., Mārwar, Dholpur, Karauli, SHAHPURA, DONGARPUR. Kishangarh, Alwar, Bundi, Ionks, Shālpură, PARTABOARH, QARH, JAIPUR. Dongargarh, Partābpur, Kushalgarh and Jaipur. 45. A temple on the border of the Gharisar JAISALMER. tapk, at Jaisalmer, was repaired. 46. In Bikāner State the repairs of the old fort of Hanumangarh were BIKANER. continued. Repairs were also carried out to the Gogā, Medi and Karniji's temples. 47. Repairs were done to the chattris in the Sár Bagh, the burning ground of the Mahārāos of Kotah. 48. Some attention in the way of repairs was given to the old temple at the so-called site of Chandrā vati near Jhālră. JHALLAWAR, pāțan. 49. The Bharatpur State carried out conservation work in the old Jämi BHARATPUR. masjid at Byānă. KUSHAL KOTAH. 50. In Ajmer-Merwärā the repairs were completed to the Badshāhi buildings in Nayā Bāzār at Ajmer, and repairs were made AJMER-MERWARA. to Abdullah Khan and his wife's tombs. 61. The repairs to the famous marble temples of Mt. Abū are progressing favourably, though slow. They are now mostly minor SIROHI, mendings. The Sirobi Darbár have ordered certain repairs to be carried out to the three stope buffaloes at Achaleśvara on Mt. Abü, notes for which I sent in through the Honourable the Agent to the Governor General, VII.--HYDERABAD, DECCAN. 52. The following brief note on the conservation of Ancient Monuments in His Highness the Nizam's Government has been sent in by the second Assistant Resident: “The general repairs to che Bibi Mukhbara vere undertaken at a cost of Rs. 5,000 during the year 1318 Fasli. Repairs to two Bibi Mukhbara at Aurang. minarets of the Mukhbara were started in 1318 Fasli, on a sanctioned estimate amounting to Rs. 10,205 and a bad, ·23 repairs to one minaret were completed in the same year, the expenditure incor. red being Rs. 5,000; the other will be completed during the current year 1319 Fasli. The supervision of the works was entrusted to a comoittee consisting of the Subedar of the Aurangabad Subab, the Superintending Engineer, General Branch, and the Director of Public Instruction. The work wag carried out under the direction of the District Engineer, Aurangabad. In addition to the above special repairs, a sum of Rs. 1,000 is annually granted for general repairs and maintenance. On receipt of the Government of India Resolution of 1908 touching the archeological remains and their conservation, gene. ral instructions were issued to the District Officers to era Caves, 1 h preor the 6,329 work upkeep of the caves. At the suggestion of H. E. the Viceroy, Lord Minto, on the occasion of his visit to the Doulatabad Fort, an estimate of Rs. 13,919 was sanctioned by Government in the year 1318 Doulatabad Tower of Victory. 21 "- second. The lowest one is built of stone and is intact. The upper two were built of wood, but both have rotted away and mar the appearance of the structure. It is now proposed to repair the top dome which has cracked vertically. When the repairs are carried out the appearance of the monyment will be much improved, The work is now in progress and the full budget allotment of Rs. 4,000 bas already been expended. An estimate of Rs. 19,637 was prepared and submitted by the District Engineer for preservation work, but it was decided by Rock Caves of Alanta Government that the needed repairs should be carried out by the Estate of the Nawab Salar Jung in whose Jageer the caves are situated. Nawab Salar Jung Bahadur has informed the P. IV. Secretary that he is commencing work now. A sua of Rs. 5,000 has been sanctioned for the general repairs to the mosque and the work is in hand, and will be completed Bly mosque in the fort, during the year. In addition to the above, a sum of Ouiburga. RA. 300 has been sanctioned as an annual maintenance grant. When the Superintending Engineer visited the town of Shorapore in the Fear 1909, or inspection duty, he had occasion to visit Upper storey of the old Rajini's Palace, Shorapore the old palace of the Rajah. The building is a two storeyed one, but the upper storey is more important front an archeological point of view. The flooring is all of Xiassic (sic. Mosaic ?) tiles of various rich patterns, the roof has a ceiling of glazed earthenware tiles rarely met in any part of India, and the covering pot-tiles are also glazed, and are a curiosity. The building has been included in the list of Archæological Remains in the Hyderabad State, and will be preserved. Instructions have been received from the Financial Department to preservo this temple. The District Engineer, Waraogal, 1,000 pillars temple, Wa. rangal has been asked to prepare an estimate in consultation with the Subedar Sahib and to proride funds in the budget for 1320 Fasli." VIII.-- PROTECTED MONUMENTS. 53. Further substantial progress has been made under this head during the year under report. The following is a list of monuments declared " Prom tected” by Government and confirmed after the preseribed notice under section 3 (2) of the Ancient Monuments Preservation Act VII of 190s had been duly exhibited (see Goverament Resolutions Nos. 2701 of 26-5-09, 3285 of 26.6.0) ·24. (confirmed in No. 1791 of 16-4-10); 3748 of 22-7-09, 4313 of 17-8-09 (confirmed in No. 2907 of 21-6-10); 4740 of 8-9-09 (confirmed in No. 1327 of 17-3-10); 5672 of 2-11-09 (confirmed in No. 1365 of 19-3-10) and 2241 of 12-5-10, General Department) :- Place where the monament is gitasted. Scrist Name or description of monument, Class of monument. Talck Torn or village, Nasik District. 1 Nasik .. Påtbardi The Pandū Leņi cares ... I Belgaum District. 1) Belgium 2 I (a) 8 3) I.. I (a) .. 5 I (a) 6 . I (n) 7 Athai I (0) 8 Gokál 9 I (a) 30 11 I() 12 > Belgaum Fort ... Safa Masjid or Asad Khan's Dargah II (a} (masjid?). Old Jaina temple in the corner of the Commissariat store-yard. ... Old Jains temple outside the Commissariat store-yard but close to it. Remains of an old Hindu temple II (a) near the barracks. Persian inscription of A. D. 1648 bailt into the front wall of the Park Sergeant's quarters. Two Persian inscriptions in a little recess in the fall of the Fort about 70 yards east of the main gate dated A.H. (A.D. 1688). Shedba? ... A Silāhāra inscription of Saka 1709 in the temple of Basaresvara. Kongur Three groups of dolmens I(C) Group of old temples on each side of Gokak Falls. Ratta inscription of Saka 1075 in the II (6) temple of Vabālingeśvara. Inscription on a carred stone in a roined temple on the outskirts of the village. ... Ratta inscription of Saka 1009 and 1043 in a Jaina temple in the village. Rained temple of perhaps the 11th II (b) century. Kalloli Ratta inscription dated Saka 1127 in an old Jaina basti. Belardi Fragment of Western Cbālokyan inscription of Saka 992 in the temple of Virabbadradera. Nesargi ... Inscription dated Saka 1141 of the time of the Ratta chieftain Kàrtavirya IV in the old temple of Basarā. Deg on Small old temple known as Basti Guds I (0) with four Kådamda inscriptions, ttro of which ate dated Kaliyuga 4275 (1174 A.D.). Degalaralli Kanarese or Teluga inscription of II (6) about the 15th century in the old temple of Israra. Kittar ... Kadamba inscription dated Kaliyugo 4289 in the temple of Basaya. Bailar Kadamba inscription dated Kaliyuga 4282 (isiog in the village); Bail-Hopgal Tso inscriptions of Ritts chieftains, 1(0) one of which is dated Saka 1086 in the old temple of Sira. Kadroli Yestero Chalakra inscription of the 1 (6) time of Someśraradera II dated Saka 997 in the temple of Sankaradera. I (6) cs ... I (6) 15 Sampg&on I (6) 16 I (0) 17 18 19 1) I (6) 20 > I (0) 21 25 3) ·26 Place where the monament 19 situater. Serig? No. Name or desen[taot of modement Clags of monument or other remarks. Tuluki. Town or village, 23 Sampgaon I (0) Belgaum District-continued. Hanņikeri Ratta tablet dated Saka 1130 and 1178 in the temple of Brahmadeva Hunshikatti ... Kaparese or Teluga inscription (placed for safe custody in the village ckurdi). Sampgāon Wakkund Sacadatti I (a) Jāmi masjid 3) 26 97 Parasgad ) II (6) II (0) I (0) 28 15 29 30 Mapoli I (0) 31 Fort 9) UDI 32 3 .. Sogal 33 Asundi Ankuseśvara. T50 inscriptiove dated respectively I (0) Salg 797 and 902 in the old Jaina temple. ... Two Ratta inscriptions not in the I (a) Mamlatdār's Lachers, one dated Sala 1181. Inscription against the wall of the temple of Panchalingadeva of the Yadava king Singhana of Devegırı dated Salı 1145. Inscription in the temple of Uda I(6) cbavya of Kandhara or Krishna dated Saka 1174, Ratta Inscription at the waterfall I (6) Dear the temple of Someśvara dated Saka 902 Western Chālakya inscription datea I (6) Şaka 1015 in the temple of Bana. Samkari, Vijayanagara inscription of Krishna II (6) råga dated Saka 1436 in the temple of Yallarma, 2 miles from the village. Temple of Pañchalingadevs outside II) the village. Inscription on two pillars in the above (Pañchalıngadeva) teraple. Fragment of Ratta tablet dated 11 (6) Sala 1168 in the temple of Nārāyanadeva. Inscription of Sadas'ıvaraya of II (6) Vijayanagara in the temple of Mallikarjuna. Jatning I () 3 34 Ugargol d. : .RO 35 Hulli .. 13 ... 36 I (6) >> 37 Badlı 39 Murgod 39 |Khả nănor P. Goļihalli 40 I (6) 11 .. > Basıya Halshi Two Kadamb inscriptions dated 1 (0) Kaliyuga 4270-4272 in the temple of Varaha-Narasimha. Nardgad An old and typical Jaina temple in II (6) the jungle with fine carving. Kanara District. Chiţakole European graves about 8 miles from II (6) Kártyár across the Kalinadi. Banarasi Inscriptions in the temple of Dadha- II (1) kesgara. The king's seat DIirjan Fort 1 Kārwar Orl 2 Sirsi Sonda II (6) 11 (0) >> 3 4 Kumtha 110--7 ·26 Place where the monument is situated. Name or description of monument. Serial No. Class of monument or other remarks. Tálakā. Toen or village. Kanara District-continued. II (0) ... II (a) II (a) IJ (a) II (a) ... .. 11 ... I (0) II (a) 5 Kumtha Mirjan Two inscriptions in the Mirjan bungalow compound and the figure of a tiger. 6 Kumtha The figure of a tiger opposite the II (a) English school, 7 Tombs on the right side of the Mānki- II (a) Kumthā road. 8 Siddapur Bilgi The Jaina basti of Pārsvanaths 9 The temple of Virūpāksha 10 Inscriptions ... Beậkaņi Stones 12 Hosur Carved stones near the temple of II (6) Grāmadeva. 13 Honå var Bailur Inscriptions in the temple of Mār. kandes' vara. 14 Nagarbastikeri or Chaturmukhabasti Gersappā. 15 The temple of Vardhamanasaāmi 16 ... The temple of Virabhadra 17 Inscriptions I (a) 18 Bhatkal (Petha). Bbatkal Ketapai Nārāyaṇa Devasthāna I (6) 19 ... Säntappă Nāyak Tirumala Devas- II () thāna. 20 Naraşimha Devasthāna ... 21 c. Joki Sankara Nárāyaṇa Devasthana 22 Ragbunătha Devasthana 23 Lakar's Kamti Narayana Devasthāna. 24 Jattappa Nāyakan Chandranathebyara i'(a) basti. 25 Pārsvanātheśyara basti ... 26 Sāntes vara basti 27 ... Three European graves ... Ila) ... Inscriptions II (6) 29 Hadvaļļi Chandranatha Deva basti II (a) I (a) ... > .. II (6) II (6) IL () + > II (1) II (6) > 1..1 ... 28 ... ... II (0) Poona District. i Junnar *** I (a) Gbātghar Caves and inscriptions at the Nână pass. Ratnagiri District. ... ... 1 Dåpoli 2 3 Ratnagiri 4 Devgad 5 Málvan 6 Vengurlā ... ... Dabhol Harnai Jaygad Vijayadurg Mālvan Vengurlā .. The old mosque Suvarnadurg Fort Jaygad Fort Vijayadurg Fort Sindhudurg Fort Old Dutch Factory at Vengurlă (now used as the Māmlatdār's kacheri). I (a) II (a) II (a) II (a) II (a) I (a) ... ... 1. 1 Alibag 2 3 .. Kolaba District, Agarkot ... St. Francis Xavier's Chapel I (6) ... The Dominical Church and Convent... II (6) II (6) ... Tatabandi (walls of the fort) Church and Convent of the Augusti- II (6) pians, The Jesuit Monastery II (6) The Kothi II (6) Cathedral II (6) Chauburji-The castle or factory of II (6) Chaul. Two gates Porta do Mar and Porta I (a) do Terra, ... .. 5 6 7 8 .. 9 ·27 Place where tbe monument is sitaated. Serial No Name or description of monament Clasa of nument or other mark Tālaka Town or nllage ... IR ... .. 1 3) Kolaba District-continued. Agarkot ... Satkhani-St. Barbara's Tower Ope Buty Chaal Mosqne ... Hammāmkhana The Kothi Rājkot Barbar's Alakal Kaman (Arch) Tomb of Angre ... Vadā of dancing girls ... Dadar (Stair-case) 10 Albig 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 17 .. .. IT ( II (a) II (6) II (6) II (1) II (0) II (6) II II (0) II (a) II (a) 13 99 ... . . ... 11 . Panch Mahals District. 1 Halol 2 ... Champāuer II (a) . » v.. The Lil-Gumbaz-kı-Masjid Some ruined Jaisa temples in the old town of Champāner The Ek-minär-ki-Masjid ... The Panch Mahuda-ki-Masjid S Halol II (a) II (a) II (a) » 23 Thana District. ... The Mahuli Fort 1 Shábápar ... Māhuli re II (a) Thar and Parkar District. 1 Mirpūrkhas II (a) ... Survey No. 7 of Buddist stūpa the village of Mirpur-Khās. L IX.-EXCAVATION. 54. The principal excavation carried out was at Mirpūr-Khās in Sind. To the north of the town, about half a mile or more, is Mirpur-Khas, an area of land, of about 30 acres, which is covered with great t These have are now wit mound, which, on examination, was found to be the stump of a large Buddhist stūpa. Excavation work was confined almost entirely to this, with result that the lower parts of the walls were unearthed and the relic chamber and relics were found. These are described in Part II of this Report, and will be allustrated and described more fully in the Archæological Survey Annual, 65. About three and a half miles south-west of Jhirruck, on the Indus, is 3 hill, upon the top of wbich had been a stúpa and Jhirruck, the foundations of some old buildings. The stupa had been dug into by a Mr. Cole, fifty-seven years ago, and some of the sculptured bricks had been sent to the Museum of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, where they still are. I did a little excavation into what is left of the foundation of the stūpa, in order to ascertain whether dir. Cole had reached the bottom or not. This he appears to have done, for nothing further was found.

·2S X-ORIGINAL EXPLORATION, 56. Original esploration was to some extent carried out at Pattadakal and BIJAPUR. Bada mi Bådāmi, where, although these places here formerly - Patta dakal. risited and surrered by us, a few more points oi interest were brought to light. These places were risited primarily rith regard to certain proposed conservation measures io be applied to the old temples. 57. But the principal esploration of the rear was that of the stirpe at Tirpur-Khās in Sind, described in Part II. Beside SIND. Mirpur-Khas. this, other stipa sites were explored near Tando lubammad Khān and Jherrick, 58. Vr. Bhandarkar's trork in Rajputānā, as described in Pari Il of this Report, was, of course, wholls original esploration, and RAJPUTANA, each succeeding season's touring brings to light very much more of interest, and shoirs bow rich the province is in archeological remains, 59. From a spot in the rirer bed, some 20 miles trest of Poona, Ir. G. F. Keatingą, I. C. S., collected a quantity of prehistoric flint celts which be sent to the British Vuseum for inspection, there thes were accepted as such. This localitr miglit be further examined. Intimation of the find reached me ioo late to do anything last season, XI.-EPIGRAPHY.. -6C. The last season was not rers fruitful for epigraphic work, Still some inscriptions rere found which rere not without interest or importance. The girst that deserres to be noticed Tas found at Chātsă, 26 miles souch of Jaipur. It gires an account of an entirely new Gubila dynasis not preriousis knowu to us from other records, Curiously enough, although the word sancak is engrared at the end, the actual date has been left out, Siill to judge from the form of its letters it cannot be later than the tenth century. It records che erection of a temple of Murári br ihe Guhila king Băladitra in commemoration of his dead queen Rattară, daughter of the Chāhawāna Sivarāja.. do Jin-prātā, in the Sebhārāți prorince of the Jaipur State, some short inscriptions are incised on the lower parts of the shafts of pillars in the savhancmap. of the temple. They are important for the early history of the imperial Chābanāna dynasty, as iher supply ihe dates 1162 and 1196 V. E. for Pțiihrirāja I and Arporāja respectirely, not furnished preriouslr br aur inscriptions. But the earliest inscription of the last season was found at Sakrāi, not far from Jiy-mātā. The date is sampai $79 årir shagha suni, and the inscription records the rebuilding of a mantapu by certain merchanis in front of the goddess Sankari, who is not called Sākambhari. I fourth inscription that requires perhaps a passing notice ras found at Pushkar, and has not been remored io the jwer Juseum. It is dated sancar 982 Lagha sudi ekadašijan, and refers itself at the end to the reign of one Durgarāja. XII.-NUMISHIATICS, 61. Daring the rear, 350 coins in gold, silver, and copper Tere received Decipherment of cojas, for decipherment, of which 12 Tere sent br ile Political Agent, Totāl, 24 br che Rerah Darvár, 93 bp the Rerenne Vinister, Bhopal, and 219 br the Honourable the Agent to ihe Governor General in Central India. Of The last 2.25 were sent poi cols for decipherment bui also for distribution to the museums on ihe distribation lisi. 62. From the Virpur-Ibās stiça, which tras escarated, -6 copper coins Fere obtained. Thes were all in a rers bad state of corrosion, and I almost despaired oi fading aur nucleus of copper ac all. I tried to cleaa some is Krefting's method as explained in The Preservation of Antiquities, but I * This mate 02 Eis has been prov:. D. R. 5:53, ·29 found that my own method forked best and gare better results. I treated them with a dilute solution of sulphuric acid. I was thus enabled to get a copper nucleus out of all. Ten of the coins were within the stūpa, in the relio coffer, and these lumps of corrosion yielded small rectangular thick lumps of copper, but the corrosion had obliterated all definite markings from the surfaces. From the size, shape, and a few suspicious warks upon them, I think it likely they were punch-marked coins. The 36 coins found with the votive tablets outside the stūpa altogether, on the west, turned out to be Arab coins such as were introduced by the Arabs when they first entered Sind in the 8th century. They are thin and round, and some have portions of the Arabic inscriptions upon them, 63. I must take this opportunity to record my gratitude to the Rev. Dr. George Taylor of Ahmedabad, whose kindness I have experienced on many occasions in the matter of help in deciphering Muharamadan coins. He has ever been most ready and willing to devote much of his valuable time to numismatic research, and his able papers in the various journals testify to an intimate and thorough knowledge of his particular branches of the subject. Treasure Trove. 64. In connection with the distribution of coins acquired by Governcent under the Treasure Trove Act and forwarded to the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society for that purpose, the Honorary Secretary reports as follows: “The number of coins examined and reported on under the Treasure Trovo Ant inn hn aan andinn. Tilvy 101 od 789 Of these, 159 were received . of Kolaba, 234 frorn the ,141 froin the Collector of nagar, Out of these, 421 were selected and recommended for distribution alung coin cabinets and for sale at the Mint; 48 from Sholapur, 4 from Kolaba, 124 from Satara, 103 fronı Bijapur, 141 from East Khandesh and 1 from Ahmednagar. The coins from Sholapur and Bijapur are the same as those referred to in the last year report as being recommended for acquisition and the classification and distribution of which, it was stated, would be specified in the present report. The remaining 318 which on examination were found to be defaced or of no interest to the numismatist were returned ; 110 to the Collector of Satara, 111 to the Collector of Sholapur and 97 to the Collector of Bijapur, “The classification of the selected coins by metal and by the series to which they belong is as follows: . Tutenag alloy Gold. Silver, Copper. loftic and lead) Total 39 39 . *** South Indian Kings of Vijayanagar... Yadavas of Devgiri 88 8S 2 2 . Indo-Portuguese 141 141 10. ... 46 46 Kings of Gajerat Moghal Emperors of India .. Chhatrapati 2 2 I. ro . q. 40 67 67 Native States ... ... East India Coi's coins in the Dame of Shah Alam ... 36 36 . ** 127 2 Total 290 2 491 . 3610-8 ·30 and they have been distributed as shown below:- Silver, Gold. Conper. Total. Tutenng. Institution, 1 band 1 6 6 6 5 24 15 13 13 13 12 ... Prince of Wales Mugenm, Bombay The Indian Musoum, Calcutta The Madras Museum The Provincial Musoum, Lucknow The Lahoro Musoom Tho Nagpur Museum The Public Library, Shillong The Archwological Musoum, Poona The Peshawar Musoum The Quotta Musoum Tho Ajmor Musoun The Rangoon Museum Asintic Society, Bongal Bombay Branch Royal Asiatic Socicts The British Museum For sale at the Iliut, Bombny 5 5 5 5 11 11 11 10 8 32 23 19 13 18 17 16 16 16 10 15 13 23 13 13 163 .! ... 11. ... crenten en en .. S S 11. . Total 127 290 2 2 427 « Besides these, 44 silver coins have beon received from the Collector of Larkana, Out of these, 24 which are coins of the Kings of the Durrani dynasty and 16 of the Moghul Emperor ALuhammad Shah bave been selected but they nre awaiting finnl disposal pending their legal acquisition by the Collector, which will be noticed in the next year's report; 4 specimens being defaced and the inscription on them not being legible have been returned to tbe Collector. “A very important find occurred in the Satara District. It comprises 88 gold coins discovered at Sakurdi in the Knrad Taluka of that district which are rare and of historical interest. They are coins of the Yadavas of Devagiri about the 11th to 14th century A. D. The coins are of two varieties. Those of one variety have in the centre a figure which Mr. H. Cousens and Mr. D.R. Bhandarkar have identified as the monkey god Hanuman. Specimens of this variety were referred to them, there being some doubt in regard to the correct identification of the central figure. The pieces of the 2nd variety have a number of dots in the centre supposed to represent a rude lion (?). There are letters in Nagari on coins of the first variety si he (Shri Simha) on some speci. mens and ft Elpat (Shri Lakshmi) on the others, Specimens of both the varieties hare besides other punch marks stamped on them, “ Hanuman vas a family crest of the Yadava and Simhe was but another name of Singhana, Yadiva King. Shri Lakshmi stands perhaps for Lakshmipala, a Governor of Singhana. "Two Indo-Portuguese coios from Alibag, Kolaba District, known as the Rodas of Tutenag (an alloy of tin and lead) though not of great antiquity are of some interest on account of their rarity. These coins minted by the Portuguese at Goa and Div are the lowest in value of all the coins issued by them in India. They are called Rodas (Roda a Theel) from bearing on the obverse a wheel of St. Catharine the Patron Saint of Goa. “The coins of Native States received from Bijapur, though not of any special numismatic value, are interesting on account of their different varieties, "Some have the symbol of Ankush (elephant goad). " A Standard under the Peishwas was called the Ashushi Rupee from the symbol of Ankush on the coin. This rupee was current throughout the Deccan and the Konkan during the rule of the Peish was. "Some have the letter mi and '(ga and go) on the obverse with Hijri dates 1186 and 1240 (1772 and 1824 A. D.).

·* 31 "The letter siis on some coins and the year 1819 in English figures on the others. All the varieties bear the usual fragments of Persian inscription on obrerse and reverse, "Among the other coins may be mentioned the gold coins of tro kings of to 1451 Å. D.) and Achyuta Raya Barsi Taluka, Sholapur District, . Poopa. "je obverse the sitting figure of a god with the sun and moon over head ("Shri Pra-tapadeva-Srāya; while 1 the obverse a double-headed eagle ich beak and in each claw; the legend sama Shri Pra-tapachyuta-jaya (imperfect) on most specimens). The two-headed fabulous bird is known in Southern India as Ganda bherunda," 65. In'a field assigned for public purposes in the village of Chalodā, Ahmedabad. tåluku Dholkā of the Ahmedabad District, was found, on the 22nd May 1909, treasure consisting of 52 Sakai rupees. 66. At Walad, a village in the Daskrohi tālukā of the same district, was found, near the bank of the Sābarmatī, on the 5th August 1909, treasure consisting of 31 old silver coins called kories. 67. On the 18th January 1909, treasure consisting of cash, Rs. 61, a golden Pouchi, a pair of silver goth, and a brass pela was found while digging the old foundation of his house by a Mahär named Rámi palad Bhuram of Ghorpaļi Zagdiychi Vārli. It is of no archeological interest. 68. Certaia labourers while digging the ground belonging to the Pâțil of Dobori, taluka Jāmner, East Khandesh District, East Khandesh, found, on the 7th May 1909, 20 Chandoadi rupees and a coin equal to half a Chandtadi rupee, 09. Hidden in an earthen pot, buried i Nasik. of Vithobā, belongi of the village of Näſik District, was found, on or about th Rs. 53-8-0 (consisting of 2 old Muhammadan rupees uu ani v sosu wa mintage-Rs.5 of 1833, Rs. 3:7-8-0 of 1810, Rs. 6 of 1890 and the rest Rs. 8 of differeot years from 1990, 70. On or about the 1st July 1909, treasure consisting of one todă of 31.01 22nd ather of the same metal having 'es of silver of about annas 10 lage Viraņe, tälukā Mälegaon logically. 71. A fiad, consisting of 44 silver coins, viz., 13 coins of the time of Shāh Shujahal Malak, 16 of Muhammad Shah, 3 of Mah. Larkhana (Sind). mud Shah, and 12 not recognizable, was made on the 24th February 1909 by certain boys from the old village site of Maraph. pur, in the Dadū tālulů of the Larkhāni District, 72. The Political Agent, Rew.-Kanthā, forwarded a letter from the Kärbhärt of the Lunárādā Ştate, dated the 5th June Rewa-Kantha. 1909, in which he said ia nomber of silver coins were found at & village called Chhogālā. Four of these coins were sent to the Secretary to the Trustees of the Indian Museum, Natural History Section, Calcutta. The report received from this officer shows that they belonged to the medieval age." 73. In Surrey No. 163 known as "Kumbhar Hola" of the village Ingali, in the Hukeri tälukā of the Belgaum District, were Belgaum. found, on the 15th July 1909, 10 gold and silver ornaments, but of no archæological interest.

·32 74. In the same district, in the village of Majalhatti of the Chikorli täluka yras found, on the 15th July 1909, treasure consisting of is gold and silver ornaments but of no interest archæologically. 75. On the 17th May 1909, treasure consisting of Rs. 18 was found in an earthen pot buried in thc “ Gabhan" of Kalyansang Partāp in the village of Pakhajan, täluků Vágră, of the Brcach District. Broach. XIII.--NIUSEUMS. 76. Progress with the Prince of Tales Museum, Bombay, is slow. The basement walls are now a few feet above ground. A Bombay. Board of Trustees has been constituted. In addition to the collection gathered together for the museum, and mentioned in my last progress report, two wooden panels containing old Portuguese figure sculpture have been secured, and are at present in the custody of the Collector of Thāņā. 77. During the year 1909 the 'Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society's Museum received the following addition to their coin cabinet. The number of coins added to the muscum was 77, of which 4 were gold, 54 silver, 18 copper and 1 of mixed metal, silver and copper. Of the total 77, 13 were presented by the Collector of Panch Mahāls, 12 by the Jabnā Darbār, through the Political Agent, Bhopavār, 1 by the Agent to the Governor-General in Central India and I by Miss Chubb. The rest were presentations to the Society under the Treasure Trove Act from the Governments of Bombay, Madras, the Punjab, the United Provinces, the Central Provinces and Eastern Bengal and Āssām. 78. The Victoria and Albert Museum, Bombay, has had the misfortune to lose its gold coin collection by theft, and the thief is as yet at large. During the year ending 31st March 1910, two Hindu WIythological figures and one stone image of an old marrior were added to the collection froni the Mamlatdār of Ron. 79. During the year 1909-10 the Poona Archæological Museum, in my charge, bas been enriched by the following coins receired as presents under the Treasure Trore Act and purchased, dir., 20 gold, 68 silver, 298 copper and 5 lead coins. It also received from the escavations carried out at the Buddhist stūpa at Mirpur-Kbās, Sind, 5 big terra-cotta Buddha images (one being headless), 1 small Buddha image, 1 image, possibly of the prince rho prorided the money for building the stripa, 56 clay rotire tablets, one stone coffer which held the relics, 2 small earthern pots placed on either side of the coffer, 46 copper coins very much corroded (since cleaned) and a quantity of sculptured bricks, 6 plaster casts from old sculptured bricks, and 11 old water colour paintings. Since the close of the official year we received from Afr. 1. Burns, Agricultural Department, 21 copper coins dug up at Bassein, among them being old Indo-Portuguese, old Bombay, and Marăthá coins, together with a small metal statuette. 80. The curator of the Junagadh Museum reports that it contains a and Junagadh. very interesting collection of antiquities such as the relics of Buddha, discorered from the Boria stupa in 1889 A. D., the old silver coins of the Kshatrapa king Nabapāna and other kings of the same dynasty, silrer and copper coins of the Gupta dynasty and of others. The copper plate inscriptions of the Valabhi King Dharasena II dated 571 A. D., of Shilāditya or Dharmāditya dated 605 A, D., and of Balararma and AraniFarma dated 193 and 900 A. D. respectirely and some memorial stones of 1413 A, D. A fragment of the stone inscription in old Sanskrit, of Rudrasimha the son of Kshatrapa King Jiradam dated (the saka year) 228, Vaishakha Shud 7 corresponding to 306 A. D. discorered at the digging carried on in connection with the Shalipore-Kutiyana Railway near Vanthali, the ancient Vamanastbali under the State. Poona, rare ·33 -61 It may be mentioned that a collection of old silrer coins of thick size and commonly called "Gadhaiyas " bearing no legend or date, and one or two gold coios - :- liscovered from "he Jang. gadh the bed of the vuce well-known lake Sudarsana, 81. The Watson Museum of Antiquities at Rajkot acquired, duriog the year under report, 4 additional rubbings of copper Rajkot. plates found at Timāņā, Porbandar and Morri, and various copper coins old as well as new but of no special interest. Among them there is one silver coin-Ral—weighing tiro tolas and a quarter with eagles on both sides. 82. The Baroda State Museum reports no addi- Baroda. tions of archæological interest doring the year 83. The Honorary Secretary of the Barton Museum, Bhavnagar, reports that no important acquisition has been made in the Bhavnagar. antiquarian section of the museum during the year 1909.10. 84. No additions hare been made to the Victoria Udalpur. Jubilee Hall Museum, Udaipur, XIV.- COMPILATION OF LISTS. 85. Mr. D. R. Bhāndārkar's touring with the object of gathering material for the lists of antiquarian remains in Rajputânã was Ralputana, continued last season. An account of lus discoveries is given in Part II of this Report. 86. Mr. C. W. M. Hudson's revision of the Bombay lists, so far as they refer to his district of Dhārtir, has been steadily Bombay prosecuted, and a great many new entries have been added, while some old ones have been amended. In addition to the gentlemen mentioned i ork, we aro indebted to we tender them our be is, Messrs. Aangesh S. Kumti, Rāmrão S. Dhārvärkar, Mamlatdār of Navalgund, Ven. 1.1 211.-,. 17 11 ST 1 records comparatively easy. I again thank him sincerely for bis assistance. XV.-PUBLICATIONS. 87. Beyond our annual progress report for 1908-09 no separate public. ation has been issued by us, contributed articles upon the ancient temples at Aihole, and an old painting of the late Colonel Tod, the Author of Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthana, to the Archäological Surrey Annou. 89. Dr. Bhåndārkar published the following papers:-On the Chaumikha temple at Ranpur in the Archäological Survey Annual, and Epigraphic notes in the Journal of the Bonnbay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, and Atpur inscription of Saktikumāra to the Indian Antiquary. XVI.-CONTRAVENTION OF STANDINO ORDERS. 89. Again, I am glad to say I bare nothing to report under this head for the last year, B 610 ·34 XVII.-OFFICE LIBRARY. 90. The office library was increased during the year by the following yorks :- Cataloguo of tho Indian Coins in tho British Dſusoum, Andhra and Kshatrapay (1903). Catalogue of Coins in tho Phayro Provincial Masoum, Rangoon. Imporial Library Catalogoo, Index Part II. Records, Vol. No. 2 from tho Canterbury Museum, Christ Church, New Zealand. Lieutenant-Colonel G. F. W. Braidc's Pamphlet on the uso of the Quiniue as at Prophylactio against Mnlarin in the Punjab. Descriptiro Catalogno of Snuskrit Manuscripts in the Library of the Sanskrit Collego, Calcutta, No. 26. Descriptivo Catalogue of Saoskřit Mannscripts in the Government Oriental Monu. scripts Library, diadras, Vol. 6, Dharmaśātra. Mysoro nud Coorg from tho Inscriptions, by B. L. Ricc. List of Archeological Reports publishıcd under tho authority of the Secretary of State for India. Bulletin No. 41, Bureau of American Ethnology. Bulletin No. 42, Bureau of American Ethnology. Archeological Survey Report of the Director-General of Archrology in India, Part I for 1007-08. Archeological Surroy Apnanl for 1906-07. Annun! Progress Report of the Assistant Archeological Suporintendent for Epigraphy, Southern Circlc, for the year 1908-03. Annual Progress Report of the Superintendent, Archeological Surrey, Eastero Circlo, for the year 1907-08. Annual Progress Report of the Superintendent, Archeological Surrey, Eastern Circle, for the goar 1908-09. Annual Progress Report of the Suporintendent Archeological Surrey, Frontier Circle, for the year 1908-09. Annunl Progress Report of the Superintendont, Archæological Survey, Northern Circle, for the year 1008-09. Report on the Coins dealt with under the Treasure Trore Act during 1908-09 in the Central Provincos. Inscriptions Sanskrites do Campa et du Cambodge. Inscriptions Itnliac Mediac Dialectical Edidit Jahannes Zrataietf. Storia do Mogor, in 4 Volumes. List of Photo Negatives of Indian Antiquities in the Collection of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, with which is incorporated the list of similar negatiros. Annunl Report (1906-07 in Gujarati) of the Watson Moseum of Antiquities, Rajkot. Annual Report (1907-08 in Gujarāti) of the Watson Muscom of Antiquities, Rajkot Annual Report (1908.09 in Gujarati) of the Watson Museum of Antiquities, Rajkot. List of Europeans and others in the English Factories in Bengal at the time of the Seige of Calcutta in the year 1756. Old Fort TYilliam and the Black Hole, Early Records of British India. The Languages of India. The Hymns of the Rigveda in the Samhita text by F. Max Muller. The Hymns of the Rigveda in the Pada text, Catalogue of Persian Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office. Alphabetical Catalogue of the Moghal Coins in the Central Maseum, Nágpor, Central Provinces. Imperial Gazetteer of India, Bombay Presidency, Vol. I. Imperial Gazetteer of India, Bombay Presidency, Vol. II. Gazetteer of the Provinco of Sind, Volume A.

·35 Appual Report of the Yorking of the Rajputacs Masean, Ajmer, for the year 1008-09. The Tomb of Akbar. Pallars Architecture by Rea. Memoirs of Jahangir. Historical Landmarks of the Deccan by Haig. Rains of Nándu. Indian Antiquary, current pambers. Epigraphia Indica, current numbers, Journal of Indian Ast, current numbers. Oriental Bibliography, Volame XXT, Parts II and III. Oriental Bibliograpky, Volume XXII, Part I. Quarterly Lists of the Gazetted Oficers in the Archäological Survey Department Bombay Quarterly Civil Lists. XVIII.-ANNUAL EXPENDITURE. 91. The expenditure of the Western Circle of the Archaeological Survey of India for the year 1909-10 amounted to Rs. 25,369-0-2. The details are:- Rs. Salaries 19,116 8 10 Travelling allowances 3,461 4 9 Contingencies including excavation 2,789 2 7 Total 25,369 0 2 . •D. ID . XIX.-PROORAMME FOR 1910-11. 92. I cannot draw up a detailed programme for next scason's tork, since by that time I shall have retired, and my successor will Superintendent's tour. be a stranger to the Presidency and its monuments, Without some personal knowledge of the latter, and the larger conservation works in progress, he will hardly be able to advise upon the proposals for repairs that may be received. I would, therefore, recommend that he should at once visit ...inal -emains and conservation work, and get with what there is and what is going on. ore excavation syork in Sind, especially Muhammad Khan and Depar Ghingro. It Government approve of this, he could draw up a more detailed programmo and submit it after we have talked matters over together, 93. Mr. Bhāndārkar will follow up his last season's work from where he left off, and continue visiting places in the Jodhpur Aselstaat Superintendent's Kishangarh, and Jaipur States. Some of the more important places known to possess antiquarian remains are Abarlãi, Chiwandia, Pichyak, Badlu, Nagar, Anità, and Kakodia HENRY COUSENS, Superiatendeat, Archäological Surros, Poona, 1912 July 1910. TY cstcra Circle. tour.

·36 PART II. It came, 94. The most interesting and important svork of the Circle, during the last touring season, tras the excavation of the Buddhist stipa at Mirpur-Khas, near Ilyderabad (Sind). The following account of this was sent to Government at the time. Read my last Progress Report (for the year ending 31st March 1909), paragraphs 131-136. For " ten acres " in 131 read "thirty acres." 95. I arrived at Mirpūr-Khas on the 19th January 1910, but found that our office kit, which had been sent ci Karachi, had Mirpur-Kuas. not turned up. howerer, on the 21st. As soon as I could arrange for coolies I started digging at the slūpa. As the mound was practically without shape or forin, save that the central core of sun-dried bricks, rising abore the rest, roughly indicated the middle of the stūpa, I drove trenches in towards the centre from the ground level on the outer margin of the slope on the south and cast. This was to try and strike the edge of the pakka brick basement of the stina, if such existed within the mound. I had only just started this when I had to obey a summons to visit Mändu in Central India in connection with the conservation work going on there. It was the 2nd February when I returned to Jirpur-Kbis. While away, I left my men in charge of the digging. On my return I found they land struck solid brick-work in both cuttings, and, upon following the edge of this, I found it to be a square foundation. It was not long before we located and unearthed the S.-E., S.-W., and N.-I. corners, But, before finding these corners, I had directed a cutting from a higher level upoir the south side into the centre of the mound as nearly as I could guess it. On finding the corners of the foundation I was able to locate the centre with greater confidence (Photo. No. 3128). 96. Down through the centre, a rell, about 10 feet in diameter, was sunk; while, at the same time, further opening up of tlie brick basenient was being made. This well as sunk in the hope of coming upon a relic chanıber in the heart of the stripa ; but of this I was somowhat doubtful, since it was recorded that Mr. J. Gibbs, in 1859, escarated the base of a brick thul at this place, and found a vase of fine earthenware containing some pieces of crystal and amethyst. But then, again, I considered that, if this had been a relic casket, he would have had something more to say about it, and so I settled down to find out for myself by going to the bottom of the mound. 97. I began also to clear the debris around this core of kache brick-work, in which I expected to find some of the fallen carved and decorated brick-work from the apper walls that had been destroyed, and succeeded in unearthing many fine fragments displaying an endless variety of designs in Greek fret, delicate scroll work, grotesque faces and figures, lotus leaf mouldings, figure medallions, chequer work, basket patterns, etc. (Photo No. 3156). 98. While at this work on the south side of the mound, the diggers, working near the surface, rolled away a fine head of a Buddha, and, upon examining the spot, I found it belonged to an image rhich was buried just below the level of the rough platform upon which they were working. Clear, ing the earth and brick débris from around this image, it was seen that it * Classification of moviments for conservation purposes is as follows:- I.-Those mornments which from their present condition and historical or archeological Talde ought to be maintained in permanent good repair, II. Those monuments which it is not only possible or desirable to sare from further decis by such minor messares as the eradication of vegetation, the exclusion of water from the Falls, and the like. III.-Those monaments which from their advanced stage of decay or comparative animportance it is impossible or unnecessary to preserve. The monuments in classes I and II are further sub-divided, thus- I (a) and II (a).-lonaments in the possession or charge of Gorerament or in respect of which Gorernment must undertake the cost of all measares of conservation, I(6) and II ().-Mongments in the possession or charge of private bodies or individi ·37 ins ve vw L. - occupied a viche in & ruined all running east and test and facing sonth. I then examined the edge of this platform, upon the north side, and soon found the top of some of the pilasters of the same wall on this side. I had thus found the edges of the remains of the walls of the great square basement apon which the round tower of the slūpa stood, and men were set to rork to follow this all around. Up to this moment I had little hope of finding anything rery definite in the way of walls, 99. It was now found that the whole of this basement vall, on all foar sides, had been carefully embedded in burnt brick, laid in mud, for a distance of some ten to fifteen feet or more out from the walls. On laging bare the walls, down to the original ground level, the reason for this was very apparent, It was found from the lines of the great mouldiogg, running round the basement, that the walls had bulged out, and had also sunk in the centres soupe 7 or 8 inches, due, no doubt, to the immense dead weight of the superstructure and al buildonly e the ly of the images of the Buddha in the panels. I, at first, thought it a device to hide the images from the eyes of the early Muhammadan invaders, whose icono. clastic tendencies, in those early days of Islam were very pronounced; but even a casual look at the basement is sufficient to shew the real reason (Photos, Nos, 3+29-34+1). 100. The most perfect of the four Falış is that on the porth side, which I think, rises to within about two and half or three feet of its original height. Each of the four walls is a little over fifty feet long, and the north ono rises, As it stands in its partly ruined state, to a height of 14 feet. It is built of brick with a very fine smooth surface. The moulded basement is 65 feet high, *tu af muldinea na shown in the photographs accompanying this report. nally into five spaces by two corner 19 and capitals. The cornice mouldings above the capitals are gone, and it is only one pilaster that still las a portion of its capital remaining. The corner pilasters are square below and octagonal (fluted) above. Each of the five bays bas a large niche with ornamental drip stone above. In each of the three central vishes in a seated Buddha in the contemplative attitude, with both hands in big lap, wbile in the outer panel, at the east end, is a complicated trellis pattern looking like a trellised window. The corresponding one at the west end is missing. The east and south walls are similar in design to this. The Buddhas are in terra-cotta, and have been painted--fair complexion, red rabes (rather a fosy red), and the hair, eyebrows and pupils of eyes black. Over each image is a five layer, about 1/32 of an inch thick, of what I at first thought was plaster, but which I found to be, rather, a very thin coating of superior clay wlach had apparently been smeared over the raw clay image and baked with it, so as to give a finer surface for painting upon. This peels off in places, but is quite red, like the body of the image, throughout its thickbess Buddha wears the robe over both shoulders and down to the feet. Alost of these images have a circular memalt inriaed mark on the foreh circle (the urna). but the central image, on the youth and Wow settee, - ad l! Fore from the other three, and : 10 monument, Pro. ficult to understand, a. At a point 15 feet from either right angles 2 feet where there 13 a small corner pilaster. From these pulbenes the wall runs parallel, on either side, to the face of the basement 20 feet. The middle portion between these two points is mucb ruined, but, opon excusatiog the debris, I found there were B 61010 .

·38 tbree small shrines set in the body of the basement-one in the centre, facing west, and one each on either side of it at right angles to it. In the debris and fallen brick-work, bere, Tere found over a hundred unbaked clay votive tablets, one baked clay mould for making them, and thirty-sis corroded circular copper coins (Photos. Nos, 3442-3449). 102. These small shrines, no doubt, held portable images of the Buddha which were probably carried away. But in the centre shrine was found a fine image, 2'6" in height, of a prince or king, with a curled mig, and resting his left hand upon a wallet or money bag slung round his waist. It may be a portrait statue of the person who supplied the funds for the building of the stūpa (Photo, No. 3453). 103. Whilst the work of the excavation of the walls was going on, the well in the centre of the mound was sinking steadily, uutil the evening of the 19th February, when pakka burnt brick was struck in the middle of the floor of the well. Work was stopped until next morning. From the time of the unearthing of the Buddha images in the wall panels, an all-night watch of four men was put on the mound to guard against any attempt at mischievous mutilation. 104 The Commissioner in Sind, the Deputy Commissioner of Thar and Pārkar, of which district Mirpur-Khās is not the head-quarters, and two other officials, had arranged to come out and vieit the mound on the morning of the 20th. They were thus fortunately present at the opening up of the brick chamber, and the finding of the relic cuffer and relics. The cubical mass of burnt brick-work measured about 3' 6" each way and about 2 feet deep. Upon lifting a couple of layers of brick from the top, a little square chamber or well was discovered within, about 15 inches square and 12 inches depth, in the centre of which, and fitting it fairly, tras a large roughly-shaped circular stone. In each of the two corners beside it, the S.-F. and S.-W., tras a little red earthen pot, with narrow mouth, full of sand. The other two corners were empty. The chamber was set with its sides porth and south, and east and rest. Upon the top of this stone, which as the relic coffer, was a quantity of grey sand, such as is found a few feet below the surface here, in which were found coral and gold beads, very minute seed pearls and some grains of wheat. The upper stone was then carefully lifted, when it was found to be the lid of a heavier stone lying beneath it. In each stone, in the middle, had been scooped out a conical hole about 3 inches in diameter, that in the lower stone being about 3 inches deep and that in the upper, or lid, little more than one inch. The faces of the two stones were not very smooth, so did not produce complete contact with each other all over (Photos. Nos. 3451, 3450 and 3456). 105. In the middle of the hole in the lower stone, packed round with grey sand, Tras standing a little crystal phial, 23 inches high by about one inch wide at its widest part. It is sis-sided and tapers slightly to the mouth, around which is a thick lip, and over thich was placed a silver cap much corroded. On the top of the cap had been placed a copper ring, perhaps a finger ring, but very much encrusted with verdigris which had fastened it to the cap. In the sand, around the phial and around the stone coffer, were found more coral and gold beads, a very small gold ring, crystal beads and ten copper coins. These coins are much corroded, but it is hoped they may be cleaned sufficiently to reveal their identity. They are about inch square and about } inch thick. The coins already mentioned as baring been found on the west face of the stūpa basement are circular, 106. An examination of the crystal phial, the lower half of which was encased in silver, much corroded, sherved that the bottom of it did not exist, it having been broken off. The silver casing was added to the bottomless bottle to form a new bottom. Within this phial was found a small cylindrical silver case, with lid at end like an ordinary tiñ case, about the size of ths of an inch length of ordinary lead pencil, being rather more than a quarter of an inch in diameter, It had been wrapped round with gold leaf. As the lid was corroded on to the * These have been cleaned, and, though mach defaced, look very like panch-marked coins, The circular coins are early Arab coins.

·39 17 U case it came to pieces in trying to remove it. Within this case was a smaller gold one, gaths of an inch long and oths of an inch in diameter, with slide-on lid as in the case of the silver one, but in nepfert nescowordinits pristíne lustre. This was opened, a sheet of paper (not at the stūpa, bu mentioned above). Its only contents the size of a pin's head, and a few spe we began to fear we had drawn a blank of which came nearly an egg-spoonful lumps amongst it. The largest lump, avuut a quarter of an inch square and a tenth of an inch thick, has the curve and texture of bone that has been charred, and an examination of the rest, under a magnifying glass, leaves little room for doubt but that the powder ig buman funeral asb, and therefore the relic sought. There was far too much to go into the gold case and perhups, for that reason it was placed in the bottom of the phial, under the silver case, the cases also being enclosed, since they had been made for it, and were hence sanctified to that use, 107. In the débris from the condi.. terra-cotta medallions, 8 inches in diam. a jewelled crown, from under which flo Jike curls. He is stout with a big paunch. In his right hand, resting upon his raised right knee, he holds a lotus, and in his left, upon the left knee, a depleted money bag. 108. The only stone about the stūpa was the relic coffer, everything else being in brick or terra-cotta, 109. In the Buddba panels, in the walls, he is in the contemplative attitude, while on the tablets we find him in the earth-touching and teaching attitudes. In the inneha nita T... Seat. 1 rather & alone, is woond the Buddhist formula in letters of about the 7th or 8th century, These tablets vary in size from about 6 inches to about 2 inches, in the longest diameter. 110. After sending in the above report I have read the copy of a letter in the Bombay Gazette of the 9th March 1910, said to have been sent by the Jaina Swetambar Conference, Bombay, to the Commissioner in Sind, claining that the “idols" discovered at the stúpa at Mirpūr-Kbās are Jaina images. 111. I may say at once that I have ever found the Jainas to be woefully ignorant of the iconograpby of their own religion. To say that the images on the stūpa at Mirpûr-Kbās are Jaina is simply absurd, and the veriest tyro in the study of Buddhism and Jainism does not need a second glance at them to know what they are. I had a visit from a party of four Jaina gentlemen from Karachi, who said they had heard that a Jaina mandapa had been unearthed here and that they had come to see it. They may have been sent in connection with the enquiries that the Conference said they were making, but they did not say so. However, I think I convinced them of their mistake in supposing, the stúpa to be a Jaina erection. They called one of the Buddhas on the tralls Pärasnatha, notwithstanding the fact that Paraspătha aliays has a snake hood canopying his head, which this bad not. Jain images are always nude to the waist, and, in the case of Digambar Jainas, nude altogether. These images have voluminous robes covering the entire person which are painted a dark red, the features being a wheat colour, The let "Buddha who in contradistinctio is always represented as having a little raised above and taken as in the votive tablets, that I h attitude, , e.with one hand in and also in the teaching attitude I am not so se non bat that this site, which I haşe preseryel, is a relic, sad that there were the relics of tro persons in the same reliquary. I am wiling ca this more fully in my article for the Archeological Sorres Annual ·40 Ia. Tapdo Muhammad Khan. In the last he has his legs hanging down from the seat, European fashion, and not cross-legged upon the seat as is the invariable atridude of the seated tirthařkara. Above all, beneath the images on the votive tablets, is the Buddhist formula. 112. A fuller account of the stīpa with plans and photographs will appear in the Archæological Survey of India Annual. 113. Before leaving Mirpur-Khás I had arranged with the Pablic Works Department to bave a wire fence placed around the stūpa, and I hinded over charge of the monument to the Deputy Commissioner, who has since had it declared as a protected monument. 114. I hare come to the conclusion that in Sind, in the early centuries of the Christian era, the prevailing religion was Buddhism, and that Buddhist establishments were thickly scattered over the whole province. Some of the remains of these which proniise to outnumber Hindu or Brahmanical remains, are now coming to light, and one of the reasons why they have not been discovered earlier is that they have not been spotted by any one capable of recognizing them. For instance, the stūpa which stands close beside the railway, near Tando Muhammad Khân, tich cannot fail to be seen by all who pass by, was supposed by an official, whom I met, to be a survey bench-mark-a tower some fifty feet high! 116. This last tower which stands beside the railway line, about six miles to the north by west of Tando Mubānmad Khān, emerges from a hillock of débris, being constructed of sun-dried brick, Its sides are scored by the rains of centuries. The outer ornamental casing of burnt brick has been removed, but in the débris may be found many sculptured fragments, sheving that the work must have been of the same style as at Mirpur-Kbās. The slūpa must have been considerably smaller than the latter. The season was too far advanced to attempt any excavation work upon it, and it is reserved for next season, 116. About 2 miles to the north-west of this, on the top of the bill, are the remains of another small stūpa, which consist of a few heaps of débris. These stūpas were first brought to my notice by Mr. F. Wright, when he was Executire Engineer, Fuleli Canals, 117. In the Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Volume V, page 355, is a notice of a Buddhist stūpa upon a lot flat-topped hill, about three and a half miles south by west of Jhirruck on the Indus, which was excavated by a Mr. Cole about 1853. At present there is nothing but a shapeless low heap of brick débris, in which there is hardly half a dozen carved bricks to be found, and no fragment of the walls remaining. In the centre, a hole had been dug to the ground level. There are signs of basements of other rough rubble buildings upon the hill top; there must have been a small community up there at one time. A number of carved bricks from Mr. Cole's digging was sent to the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, which may still be seen in their Museum. The plan given in the Journal is very inaccurate and must have been made from memory. Most of the bricks measure 18" X 10.1" X 21". 118. The village of Pattadakaļ, upon the bank of the Malprabhā, lies about eight miles in a straight line rest of Bādāmī railway station in the Bijapur district, but by the cart-track round the hills it is twelve miles. It is but sis miles from Aihole, the ancient temples of which place have already been described in my previous report, It is but a small village, not so large as Aiboļe, but like it full of the remains of other days, when the early Chalukya kings ruled the land. Pattadakaļ was probably their principal religious centre while Bădāmi was their civil capital. There are, within the village, two very old temples more or less the worse for centuries of weathering and neglect, while outside, to the west, is an old Jaina temple, and between it and the village the ruins of another. 119. Contrasted here, more strikingly than at Aihole, we have the northern and southern types of sikharas or towers, and these were erected long before the Ia. Jhirruck. Pattadakal.

·41 hybrid mediæval Chalukyan style was evolved. The difference between these two types is very marked, the ove rising in the heavy horizontal storeys of the south, and the other in the lighter and more graceful sertical lines of the north. Pațţadakal seems to have been a point upon the dividing line between the styles, where they both over-lapped. 120. Of all these old shrines, one only is in use as a religious building, and that is the largest, the temple of Virūpāksha, facing the river. Fortunately this one has a number of inscriptions, from which tre gather, not only the date of the erection of the building, but the circumstances under which it was built, together with the builder's name. It was built for queen Lokamahăderi in celebration of her husband Vikraniāditya II having thrice conquered Kāñchi, in the eighth century A.D. There is very great resemblance between this temple and its sculptures and the great monolithic temple of Kailāsa at the Elurā caves, which is more than accidental, and it may easily be accounted for. Vikramāditya, when he sacked Kāfichi (Conjeveran), was no doubt so struck with the temples he found there, that he brought away architects and workmen to construct one on the same lines in his own capit.]. During the reign of his son Kirttivarmā II, the V:....... territory and practically time this king was excas 1 called, had it copied in the rock at Elurå, where it is the farthest north of any Dravidian temple that we know. 121. As I intend contributing an illustrated article upon the old temples at Pattadakal to the Survey Annual I need not go into further details about them here, 122. Bādāmi, another centre of the older Chalukyan work, was the early capital of that dynasty when it was known under thia Badam. nane of Vätāpi. Here we have an important group of caves, partly Hindu and partly Jaina, 'The town with its lake behind it is held in the embrace of the bills which circle around then, throwing out fortified horns to the north and the south. The temples here, though some are as old as the oldest at Patt idakal, are smaller and plainer than those at that place. An interesting find that we made here was a temple of Lakulīša, with a seated nude image of that deity in the shrine. The image had been broken in halves, The temple stands to the back or east of the Bhutanātha group, on the cast margin of the lake. 123, Not far of the tank, is a gr 80 fallen is to form under the rock, where a long tunnel-like opening is left. On the chiff face, inside But it is neither ces, bracelets, and he hair, so far as can be seen where not encrusted with chunam and oil, us in knobbly curls, and there is the Buddha-like lump on the top of the head. The legs are in the usual cross-legged position. The right hand, which is raised from the elbow before the breast, holds & mālā or rosary, the beads of which are being passed between the fingers. The left hand rests, Jina-likc, in the lap, palm upwards. . lan thanno the front of which is divided ting straight to outwards. On -:, - shauri learer, and behind hita is the u-ual tbrono The whole image has been fouled with ad and forehead are a dirty shiny white, jaste and oiled, 125. The story in connection with it is that, once apon a time, there was a räjā or ráya, who sas aflicted with white leprosy, who, on coming to Badami, B 610-11 ..

·42 was cured of it. This is his image, it being known locally us Koshatrāya, i.e., the rāyā who had " kushta" or white leprosy. It is evident that the story has been suggested by the white shiny patch on the head, 126. Beside it, on the rock, a little way to the right of the figure, is a very small image of a fat little figure, 127. It has more the appearance of a Bodhisattva than anything else. Behind the head is a nimbus, while, above it, are the branches and foliage of a tree. Or can it, by any possibility, represent the Rāshtrakūta king Amoghavarsha I (Cir. A. D. 850) * after he had abdicated the throne in consequence of the growth of the ascetic spirit in him ?"* He was a most devout Jainn and took a very active part in religious matters. It is possible he may have retired to Bādāmi, and have spent the remaining years of his life in or near the Jaina cave, which, at that time, was, perhaps, two hundred years old, 128. An important find, which I have been fortunate enough to make during the year, was a great quantity of copper coins of the 'Adil Sbābi dynasty of Bijāpur, amongst which there are at least eight types of the kings Ibrahim II, Muhammad and Sikandar, two of those of the first named king being particularly beautifully designed coins. The Rev. Dr. George Taylor of Ahmedabad has helped me in a preliminary examination of these, but there are many doubtful points in their reading which have yet to be settled. These are specially interesting since 'Adil Shāhi coins have not, as yet, been published, nor included in the lists of any museum that I am aware of. BIJAPUR. Adil Shabi Coln5. * Early History of tho Decoan, p. 69.

·43 PROGRESS REPORT OF THE ASSISTANT SUPERINTENDENT. I. . BOMBAY 1. In my last year's Report I have stated that I was at Mandor for two months, helping the Director-General of Archäology, who was excavating some old ruins there. In fact, I was there till about the middle of April 1910. Junagadh. From Mandor I proceeded to Junagadh in Kathiavār to prepare estampages in duplicate of the Asoka edicts, under the instructions of the Bombay Government, General Department, communicated in their letter No. 5086 of 12th August 1908. The estampages were taken and duly despatched to the Director-General in order to be for. warded to Prof. E. Hultzsch, who has undertaken the work of revising the Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, Vol. I. 2. A word or two will not be out of place about the shed that has been raised over the inscription rock (Photo No. 3285). This rock contains no less than three inscriptions, of three different periods, and engraved by three different royal families but which are all of equal importance. And the antiquarian world can never be too thankful to the Darbār for having erected a substantial injuries. But the structure is a lern style to be in keeping with the A plain structure similar to that wniona 3ijolia in the Udaipur ere much better, not to Again, enough space is not left between the inscription rock and the walls of the shed to enable one to photograph it if he wishes. 3. A rival to this inscription rock has recently sprung into existence, About half a mile to the east of this place on the road which leads to the Girnăr hills is another rock containing all the fourteen edicts of Asoka. These were caused to be incised, I am told, by the Junāgadh Darbār under the supervision of Mr. Vallabhji Haridat Acharya, Curator of the Rājkot Museum. I wondered what could bare been the object of preparing this lithic copy, so to say, of Asoka's inscription. But I was informed that in case the original genuine inscriptions were destroyed, its present copy might acquaint the world with its contents. If this explanation is true, it is inexplicable why the inscriptions of Rudradāman and Skandagupta were not similarly copied. For, these are also important, and their copies would be useful in informing the world of what these inscriptions contained, in case the latter were by some mishap destroyed. Again, it is inconceivable how the lost portions of the fifth and thirteenth edicts could have been restored beyond all doubt. Anybody who has studied the Asoka inscriptions knows how impossible it is to propose any restorations in the Girnār text, that can be pronounced certain and indubitable, although we have versions of the same edicts elsewhere to help us. Be that as it may, tho now inscription rock will not come for some centuries at least to have historical interest of any kind attached to it, and will for the present remian a mere object of idle curiosity. In the meanwhile, it would be a good thing if the Darbár issues orders to engrave somewhere on the new rock in modern Devanagari the reason why the new inscription was incised and the date when it was finished. This will for ever prevent people mistaking it for the genuine Aboka rock inscription. 4. An object of great interest to the antiquarian is the Bahadur Museum at Junagadh. Here are deposited the relics and sculptures (Pbotos. Nos. 3293-3284) found by the late Sir James Campbell latter has been very well described by! and by Mr. Cousens in Journal Beng describe it here. I wag able here to examine careſully the Kshatrapa coins unearthed in Uparkot some time ago and described by the Rer, Mr. Scott in ·the Journal Bombay Asiatic Society, Vol. XX, p. 201. Hon. Mr. Mirza Abbas Ali Baig, who was then Diwān of Junagadh, was kind enough to allow me to make a selection therefrom for our Museum, which is ultimately to be merged into the Prince of Wales Museum. Fifty-seven coins were accordingly selected, perhaps the best of the whole lot. Many other sculptures, brought to light in the various parts of the State, have been collected and exhibited in the Museum. (Photos. Nos. 3281-3282). They are not of much interest except one. This one is a rather worn out and mutilated image of Surya. But what is of interest here is that a sword is represented as going right across his body from behind. 5. Junāgadlı, and Mouot Girnăr, which is not far off, are full of antiquities varying from Buddhist caves of the 2nd or 3rd century to the Jaina temples of the 13th century. It was, indeed, a sad sight to see some of these caves utterly neglected and, in fact, used as public latrines. I had spoken about this matter to the Diwān, but I do not know what steps have been taken to put a stop to this nuisance. This brought us to the end of our touring season 1908-1909, JAIPUR STATE, III. MAVNDA, BAIRAT. 6. Our next touring season comuenced early in November following and with a view to visit Bairăt. Here is an Asuka inscription, whose estampages also we were instructed to prepare. The route, by which we were advised to go, was vid Nim-kā-Thānā, but this was any but satisfactory; and when I actually went to Bairāt, I was informed that the best route was from Alwar via Gbāzikā-Thână. While at Nim-kā-Tbānā, I visited the chhatris of Nāvndā, three miles north of it (Photo. No. 3474). The two largest of these are of Dalilsingh and his son Lachhmansingh, both Rājāvats of Dhūlā, a well-known seat of jahāgir in the south of the Jaipur State. Both are said to have died there while fighting with Javbārmal, the Jāt king of Bharatpur, who was a source of great trouble to the Jaipur raj. In one of these chhatris is a short inscription mentioning the name of Dalīlsingh: and specifying the date 1827 V. S. = 1770 A. D. There is another inscription here but in a third small chhatri. It speaks of the chhatri as being of Rājā Harasahāyaji and as being built in Samvat 1825. 7. Bairāt has been commonly identified with Virátapura or the city of Viráta, king of the Matsya country, in whose royal household the five Pándu brothers took service in their disguised characters. This claim has no doubt been disputed by two other places in the south, One of these is Hāngal in the Dhārvār district, which, in the inscriptions of the Kādamba dynasty, is called Virātanagara. The other place is Dholkā, in the Ahmedabād district, near Käthiāwār. And it is this Dholkā, with which Virāt rebuilt as Vijayapura by the Gulilot prince Vijaya, is to be identified, and not with Bairāt as supposed by Cunningham. There can, however, be no doubt that the Virātapura of the Mahābhārata is to be identified with our Bairāț. For, in the first place, the name Virāța is preserved in Bairāt only, and not in Hāngal or Dholkā. Secondly, the province round about Bairāt is still known as Matsyadeśa. And, thirdly, most of the places sacred to the memory of the Pandavas, which are mentioned in the Virätaparvan of the Mahābhārata, are still pointed out at Bairāt by the people. Thus we have Bhim-ki-dungri where Bhima lived, also the hill where Kichaka's palace was situated, the Bāņa-gangā which was brought into existence by Arjuna with his arrow, the marks of the feet of the Kurus and the cattle pilfered by them, and so on. All things considered, Bairāt has the best claims to be identified with the old Virātapura. This is quite in keeping with the fact that at Bairāt only objects of the greatest. antiquity are found. 8. Bairāt has also been identified with the Po-li-ye-to-lo of Yutan Chwang, whose king according to that Chinese traveller, was of the Fei-she or Bais Rājpūt tribe. Al-Biruni (A. D. 930-1031), contemporary of Mahmud Ghazni, speaks of Narānā or Bazanah as the capital of Ĝuzrāt. His details sufhce to identify it with Nārāyıąpurā, the capital of Bairāt. The district round ·45 about Bairāt thus appears to have been once called Gujaraç. This need not surprise is because this district was once held by the Gurjara-Pratīhuras and afterwards by the Badgūjars who are still found in numbers there, 9. The principal objects of antiquarian interest here are three: (1) the very 1) the temple (inscr. No. 2506). It is dated in Śaka 1509 A, D, 1587 when Hiravijaya was the pontiff and Akbar the supreme ruler. Then at Vairāța had been stationed by the latter one Indrarāja who was in charge of the dranga or forests of Vaīrāta. He was a Srimāla bania by caste and of Rākmana gotra. He had already been placed, we are told, in charge of many villages by Todaramalla, Akbar's minister. He erected this temple, which was named buth Mahodayapräsāda and Indra-vilāra (doubtless called after him), and dedicated it to Vimalanātha, Vimalanatha is here called mülanayaka, of course, with reference to the other Tirthařkaras, diz., Párávanátha, Chandraprabha and Ajayarāja, whose images also he set up in his father Bhāramalla's, his own, and his brother Ajayarăja's names respectively. In the inscription Vairāta is called "je receptacle of many hill mention of Abul Fazl in ery profitable copper mines, . d with fragments of slag from the ancient copper works. 10. Bijak-pahäd has been so well described by Cunningham that there remains little for me to say. I believe with him that what is called the Bbābrā the word bijak shews, the it. And the old people ed off nearly eighty years ago by a European officer. His name, however, is curiously given as " Imti and not Burt. I do not believe that this inscription was found at Bhābrī, 1. anwant nnmn nf thonlana and nat Khábrá. Bhabrü is were two different ddhism and where Aboka, therefore, thought it advisable to hare his inscriptions engraved separately. On the other hand, I visited Bhābrū and made a careful search there. But not a single object of antiquarian interest was found. Bhābrů, before the railway line bad been opened, was a place of importance, as it was a balting place on the road from Jaipur to Delhi. This is attested by the number of dharmašālās and saräis that exist there, though now in a dilapidated condition. Major Burt on his way either to Delhi or to Jaipur must have halted at Bhăbrū, and, having heard of the Bijak-pahād and the inscription thereon, must have visited the place, especially as it was not more than twelve miles, Bairāt being then a comparatively insignificant place, the inscription stone must have been named after Bhåbrů. The inscription stone originally lay, I am told, near the shrine of Hanuman below the rock known as top or canon, on the first or lower platform on the summit of the bill.. All people told me, as was quite andrannslan to the whereabouts llowing transcript of ' bhar nai lijyo lal . and Maimdolá tanha, and the Akhe banian tree is (a treasure), weighing one lac of elephants; it should be taken out when there is famine," "It was in search of this treasure that excavations were carried on by a killedar named Kitāji Khamgarotin A.D. 1845, and not by the Mahārāj of Jaipur as Cunningham says. The latter adds that nothing was discovered in this excavation. Čarlieyle was, however, told that a golden casket had been discovered. But from the enquiries I made, I learnt that, as a matter of fact, nothing came to light (Photos. Nos. 3479-3431). 11. What is called the Bairāt Minor Rock Edict was first discovered by Carlleyle. This edict is engraved on a block lying separately, but immediately below the hill locally known as Bhim-As-dungri, or the Pāņdus' Hill as he calls it (Photo No. 3476). It is inseribed on the eastern face and near the lower wy B 640-19 ·46 + + end of the rock (Photo, No. 3477). The inscription is highly ireather-forn, and I doubt whether even the estampages I took would be of any use in finding out the correct Bairāt version of the edict. 12. The following paragraph from Carlleyle's description of Bairāt beautifully illustrates how an antiquarian is in danger of jumping up to wild conclusions, if he does not properly and fully arail himself of local inforination :-"I have to mention," says he, "a curious discovery I made in the ground immediately in front of the rock on which the inscriptions are, and close under the larger inscription. There were two larger boulder stones half buried in the ground directly under the larger inscription ; und as the lowest line of this inscription was at the height of only 1 foot from the ground, I found the boulder stones rery much in my way in standing to take an impression of the inscription. I consequently ordered my men to dig the earth away from the boulder stones, and then to roll theni out of the way After these larger boulder stones bad been removed out of the way, I found a layer of smaller boulder stones underneath them, amounting to perhaps half a dozen or more altogether. After removing these smaller stones I came to earth; and finding a small fragment of old pottery, I dug still deeper into the earth, and at a depth of about 2 feet below the original position of the bottom of the larger boulder stones, or about 2 feet 9 inches to 3 feet below the surface of the ground, I discovered four earthen vessels, which, on examination, I found to be cinerary urns containing human bones. These vessels were placed regularly in a live, all on the same level Could it be possible that these cinerary uros and human bones might be in some may connected with the purpose of the inscriptions immediately above them? What seemed to me the inost extraordi. nary circumstance was, that the boulders and stones which lay over the top of the cinerary urns appeared to be in sitri, or in their natural position, like any of the numerous other boulders which were sticking in the ground round about; and I do not think that these stones were placed in the position in which I found then by any artificial means! I therefore believe that the boulder stones must have come into the position in which I found them, jammed against the rock, by the agency of some powerful flood or current of water; and consequently that the cinerary urns and bones may be of very great and unknown antiquity. 13. Now, the truth of the matter is that it is a custom with the people of many castes in Bairāț to collect the ashes and bones of the dead bods on the third day after cremation and deposit them in an earthen urn. They bury it underground with some mark to distinguish it from others, and leave it there till they find it convenient to take out the ashes and throw them in the Ganges, The whole place on the east and north of the Bhinji-ki-dungri, below which is the Aśoka inscription rock, is cemetery ground, and such cinerary urns are buried, I was told, all along this line of the bill. In fact, I was shewn a spot, quite in the immediate vicinity of the inscription boulder, where the ashes of a person, dead about a week before I came there, were buried. It is no wonder that such remarks as those of Carlleyle afford a nice occasion to people like the author of the Pickwick papers to crack jokes at the expense of antiquarians, 14. Not far from this bill and to the east of it are what are called Sali-kichhatrīs or mandhis. They are structures raised over the places where women of Bairāț in ancient days became satis. The chhatri described by Carlleyle is one erected over the ashes of Ladi-Jamanã, who immolated lierself as sati. Her husband's name was Pāņde Chhitaramala, son of Todara and grandson of Dhaniya, and he died in V. E. 1743. Lādi-Jamanā was the daughter of Mohana, a minister, and of the Jhāļolā sāsana. The chhatri was built by Chhitaramal's nephew Sävaldās, who is said to have been a Gaud Brahmana and of the the Hariītavāl säsana. of Chhitaramal's brothers Sabalsingh, who obtained the title singh and the village of Papdi as jahāgir from the Muhammadan Emperor, Naurangśāh, Who this Naurangśāh was is not definitely known, but he is commonly indentified with Aurangzeb. The present jahāgirdār of Pāpdi is a descendant of Sabalsingh, and is called thākar although a Gaud Brāhmaṇa. In the chhatri is the sculpture of a horseman, who is always taken to represent the cavalry soldier that died on the battle field and was the husband of the women who followed him as satis. Tas ·an Such sculptures are found in numbers throoghout the whole of Rajputana and particolarly so in Mārwår. But I fail to understand how Carlleyle finds in this mode of sculptures an intimate connection with the Kalki aralára. Kalki, who is to come yet, is to be a warrior riding on a horse, and is consequently naturally, figured like a borseman. But how "it has been appropriated as a symbol of satti," as he says, is certainly inexplicable to me. 18. From Bairat I went to Amer vid Manoharpuri and Achrol. It is situated in a gorge of hills called Kali Koh, and was the AMER. ancient capital of the Kachhwāhā Räjpūta for six centuries, being an ideally strong place. By reason of its rather low and cramped situation, it became too small for being the capital of such influential and rapidly extending state as Jaipur had become, and so Sawãi Jaysingh had to build Jaipur sis miles off. The most important and probably the oldest temple here is that known by the name of Ambikešvara, said to have been built by Raja Ambarisha, son of Mindhătă, biog of Ayodhya. And it is even said that the place Amer or Amber was so damed after this prince. The temple in question is a group of six shrines. The principal shrine is dedicated to Ambikešvara, but contains nothing old. The linga called Ambikeſvara referred to by Tod and Cunningham is really not in a kunda or tank but here in this shrine. In front of it is a dipa-stambha or lamp column, which, it is said the king of Amer always saw before taking his day meal so long as it was the capital. Near this shrine is another, which faces the north and has two porch pillars of at least the tenth century (Photo. No. 3488). In the sanctum are four images. Two of these are of Trivikrama, one being as old as the pillars themselves. These images are lying loose, but are worshipped every day. In a sled close beside this sbrine is an old sculpture with three figures, probably a fragment of sạme old door-frame, which also is, strange to say, worshipped as the image of Sitalāmātā (Photo. No. 8489). 16. At Amer I found no less than three temples which were originally Jains, but were afterwards appropriated to Siva worship. The oldest of these is Lal-Säh-da-mandar. The interior of the temple, as it is at present, consists of three contigu ……..….…: o cloead hall in front, The lintels of t also the doors of raised date in t In the centre is lingas, four Nanding and three Ganapatis. One of the langas has four busts carved in front, one on each side. In one of the niches in the inside of the walled enclosure is an old elegant image of Kārtikeya (Photo No. 3485) not later than the tenth century. Ho is seated on a peacock, and bad orignally sir hands, 17. There are many other temples too numerous to meation, none of which except two are either archeologically interesting or visited by travellers. The first in a quite .. -- is, however, wrong in saying that it is uu u tanya tion was engraved. It was really on a pillar in the front row facing the east, and bad well nigh been coocealed when I was there by a thick coating of whitowash. The Jagatsraraạji temple is a very fine building in excellent auditinn, famous for a remarkable gateway and with a beautifully carred .Nos. 34SG-3487). It was built by Blansingb. .:ore and eighty lacs of rupees. The image in tho shrine is ot Girdoarja-lue sue that Tag worshipped by Afirábil. Jlänsingh brought the inage from Chitor when be conquered it. In the battle fell big Bon Jagatsingb, after whom the temple was named Jagal-tiromani, bich has now been corrupted into Jagat-sraranji The image is of black stone with two hands. In the Garuda pavilion are two short inscriptions with the dates V, E. 1611 and 1719.

·48 18. But the most interesting object to a tourist is the palace. It is built rather low in the hill instead of on lofty pedestal of rock, but it is most picturesquely situated as it overlooks the Mārtā lake. The palace was commenced about 1600 by Rājā Mānsingh. Additions were made by Jaysingh I (the Mirzā Rāja), and it was completed in the 18th century by Sarai Jaysingh. It was this latter prince, who built the peerless gateway, called the Ganes Pol (Photo No. 3491), which gives access to the Divān-i-khas (Photo. No. 3492). The topmost rooni on this gateway is called Suhāg-mandar, from which the royal canana looked at the assemblage in the Diwān-i-Ăn below. From a balcony here the nicest view is obtained of the Jaygadh fort, which crowns the summit of a hill 500 feet above. 19. On the east of the Divān-i-Ām is an open plain, where five young buffaloes are sacrified on Navarātra dnys. Tho north-west corner leads to a small shrine dedicated to Silādevi, who appears to be no other than Mahishăsuramardini. In front of the shrine a goat is daily sacrificed early in the inorning, lights are waved before the goddess at about 10, and bhog or offerings presented exactly at noon. The priests are Bengali Brāhmaṇas, who have long since forgotton their mother tongue, the dress and every thing of Bengal except the custom of eating flesh which in the present case is the Vhog--the goat's flesh-offered to the goddess. In fact, it is said that this goddess and her priests had been brought by Rājā Mäysingh from Bengāl. 20. Amer baving soon become unfit for accommodating the fast increasing populntion of the capital of the State, Sawai Jaysingh JAIPUR in 1728 transferred it to Jaipur built by himself. Objects of antiquity can, therefore, be hardly expected to be found here. While engaged in seeing the local Museum, I was agreeably surprised to find some sculptures stored in the corners of some quadrangles. Some of them were beautiful, artistic, and of an early age. They had been all huddled together at different places without being sorted. The Resident also, who is keen on antiquarian matters, has collected several images and placed them in his garden. It would indeed be a very nice thing if both collections are brought together, properly arranged, and carefully deposited in some room in the Museum building. This room wuld thus serve all the purposes of the Arcbæological Section, which seems to have been totally ignored here. Another trork I was engaged upon at Jaipur was the preparing of a list of antiquarian remains in the Jaipur State. It is indeed a pity that there is no well-informed and enthusiastic antiquarian in this state just as we had Pandit Gaurishankar Ojha at Udaipur and actually have Munshi Deviprasād at Jodhpur, although Jaipur is in no way inferior to Udaipur or Jodhpur. Hence the list for this state that had already been supplied to our office is not as complete and accurate as those for the Udaipur and Jodhpur States. I, therefore, consulted almost all those persons who could pretend to any knowledge of antiquities in this state, and was thus able to draw up on the whole an accurate and reliable list for our purposes. The tour which I undertook thereafter in the Sekhāvāti province will bear witness to it. SANOANER. 21. Eight miles to the south of Jaipur is Sāngāner, said to have been founded by Sângã. There is a temple here called Sāngäbābākā-mandar, wherein his picture is worshipped, There is also a temple of Sángeśvara-Mahādeva, who was doubtless established here by Sāngā. But who this Sāngā was is not known beyond all doubt. He is said to have been one of the seventeen sons of the Kachhwābā king Prithvīrāja. He killed one Rājput named Karamsingh, who was residing at Mojamābād. The latter's Chāran avenged his death by murdering Sāngā in the orchard of Kuvar Kishansinghji. There is a large old palace here, a part of which is now used for the local dispensary. It was formerly occupied by the heir-apparent of the Jaipur State, and it is said by some that this too was built by Sāngā-bābā. The only object of antiquarian interest here is the Jaina temple called Singhiji-kā-mandar. Who this Singhĩ was is not known. This temple is supposed to be of the 11th century, and is compared by many tourists with the Abū temples for their deep beautiful carving. But to me at any rate it does not appear to be older than the 15th century (Photos. Nos. 3493-3494), I.

·This is nora Śrärgi templo and alm appar to have been originally, 41 the images of the Tirthara karas are all nude. In the top of the shitury cells, most of the ſtages llare inscriptions engrare on them. Batit in by my mneang .certrin whether the images havo iven thrre froin the bonaiak or worr 1.... Pula son refin from their inscriptions t. at Ulriksmais, l'arauklina asy! of Shich dato aru referred to the reign of Jadiraja Sus.Jinuirahajt of the carlier than 1, E. 1034, in tiption Kurma dynasty. Another variant of the latter name is Kuchlili. This dynastic name is mcntioned in connection with Suillasa.inha, who is therein called Ambivati-arami, i. e., lord of Arbirati or Amor. The disa supplied for him in this inscription is carrilegre calsic#tv4q-indu-mir 1703 Voltälha-mise kȚishna-pakoke oslļamililhau Budsanire. 22. Châţzú i cighteen miles south of Sanguiner, and is the principul town of a lahshil of tho sme naine. CHATSU. Theantimici or Claai have already been describs by Carllo, le in Archeolo gical Surrey Reports, Vol. VI, page 11G , 89 that there tmrins Pers little to be said. Old sculptures are found in alundanes here either lym: 1***** or built into walls But not a single tonplo that is nie non lo foram in or about Chitza. Carlleyle, horrerer, *158: "There is only one really el temple now standing in all' Chatru, and that is a si!l temples, mille at ornamcntel conical piro, on the southwest side of the to*n; but there are no pillars in this templ but in vain. I also however, what may ! of the town" As Carlleyle 8958, but t?is bias no conical xpire, at any rate that kind of spire with which an ancient fanc is surinounte) (Ploso. So. 1916). The epiro hero corresponds to the roof, that onlinarily croint A 13 Limandra This miniature shrino is close beside the inxlera temple of Illinanjl. alo.mk on the edge of the Goleriv laled and is scarcely cren tirea fect langle 'I cordes what purpose it could liave serrel. 23. There is only one antiquarian olject now lying in Claif«il, which is of suflicient interest for us. It is a kutila inscription of twenty-nie liant on a bruker. black stone, " As Carlleylo cually if (Inxer. V. -305). In his time it wa* " aile into the side wall of the steps leading down into a gnat nk at Chatou,"di. less the Golcrar lalao as it is knora there. 1en I riital Chảfrů, it hart Mtuck up into a sall of the dilapidatert teruplo of Raghunity in the onselem neighbuurhood of this flight of steps. The templo bid ainnst arupriy fallen down, I was told, on account of the high frater during the last moesti cump-1 by recent crtensions to the folde on the south-west riile. De temple to that god was being built from tho materials of the old, whics I waiting With this end in view the old teinplo was being racert en the pal, r: without the least care being taken for the kilety or the inscripsim in", "c's had already txen broken into threo fragmenta Scon after learn: Clifani rote to the Resident to more tuo Jaipor Darliis to take sparir-gro for the sale custody of the stone, and tho Jaipur Darkir Lieder rromisiin remoro the stono carefully to the nor tesupl'thulie din Built. 1 lima Tabsildar recinct onders from thio Daririr brfore the strane 1 1:16 into atoms 21/ Tuu inscription consistinually of turnir ssen, asinat terats-isl.com, as Cailley lo wys. 'It giret an account of an entirely fire Gulila drony, ti known to us from any other rrunts. I am goini belit the imat.. Enigriplin India, and conseqocatis furbear wigir utamany it longe Cathleyle says that "in this inscnption mication is such asis, Sei Sca Jajo Guila, who appears to laro loro lereng the cerere Art is?" conturies" Yox, a Ling pimel Siraráis is so disais trained in tis:1. Inut lir is therria callada Chilemäng, anl. 1. a tiota! Than Sirarirako danzhter namu Rattana, wlis, *c and ell, var 17:8 Lrt (1:1...4%. Bjláshtra e Balla, And in malait queen #dal, Militlina, to an imformel, creta a frame of verin (al, y ést!. wain olijort of the inscriplica to mind The lates, ' *27% 613--13 ·50 III. om ends with the word Sarvat without, however, the actual specification of the date. But though no date is given, there can be little doubt that it is to be assigned to the 10th century. Śivarāja, therefore, could not possibly have lived between the 11th and 12th centuries, as Carlleylc asserts. 25. It will thus be seen that the inscription belongs to a Guhila dynasty. This is quite in keeping with the tradition that Ohātsū was in the possession of the Gubilas before the Kachhwāhās took it. Golurár, the name of the taliv, also appears to be a corruption of Guhilarāja, another indication of the place having once been held by the Guhilots. 26. Two miles north of Chatsū is a hill called Śivdlungar, which is crowned with, as Carlley le aptly says, a fortified temple. It was originally a Sravagi fane, but now appropriated to Sira worship. The whole temple is a modern construction, but old pieces of sculpture are here and there iwbedded into the walls. The shrine is empty and in the closed hall (güdhamangapa) is a linga, which is worshipped (Photo, No. 3498). The shrine door is doubtless old, perhaps as old as the 8th century. Carlleyle says that "there was one sculpture in particular, built into the left jamb of the door of the present temple, on which there is a representation of two antique-looking human figures standing under a double-topped umbrella, and which I would be inclined to attribute eren to a Buddhist origin, although the sculpture may be simply of early Jain execution." Such sculptures, however, are quite common in Rajputānă in very early temples, and there is nothing peculiarly Buddhistic or Jaina about them. At the northern extremity of the temple enclosure is a Jaina chhatri, which contains a beautiful white marble pillar (Photo, No. 3499). The figures carred on them Carlleyle takes to be those of the Tirthankáras. But this is a mistake, for, as the inscription incised below each shews, they all are representations of the various pontiffs of the Digambara sect. The inscriptions also, that have been found here, confirm this conclusion, Thụs one of these begins with the date Sart 1556 varshe Taisakha sudi 6, and then mentions the names of the pontiffs, who were of the Mūlasamgha, Sarasvati gachchha, Balatkára gana and in the line of the acharya Kundakunda. The name of the first pontift here given is Padmanandin. He was followed by Subhachandra and Jinachandra. One of Jinachandra's pupils was Ratnakirti, at whose instructions some Khandelvál vanias of Ajamera gotra are said to have offered obeisance in the temple, The name of the place, where this temple was, is Chaupavati, doubtless one of the names by which Chățsū is known. The Suritāna, i, e., the Sultan, at that time was Gyásadita, in all possibility Ghiyás Shāh Khalji of Mālsā, and the local chief was rājā Bhäuimara, who belonged to the Kūrmn, s. e., unquestionably, the Kichbawābā, family. No king of this name, however, is to be found in the dynastic list of Jaipur. The pontiffs, mentioned in this inscription, are found in the pattävali of the Digambaru sect published by Dr. Hoernle in Indian Antiquary, Vol. IX, pp. 354-355, but therein between Subhachandra and Jinachandra is placed another pontift of the name Prabhachandra. 27. After leaving Chātsū, I commenced my exploration work in the Sekhāvāți province of Jaipur. ' The north of the Jaipur State is split up into two great divisions, one called Tamyräräți and theother Sekbărāti. Tauprātāti is so named after the Rājpūt tribe Tamvara, the same as the Tomara of the inscriptions. According to the traditions, the Tamrars were at first reigning at Delhi, but were ousted from there by the Chohāns. Consequently they migrated southward, and settled at Pataņ in Taurrarāti. The other province was called Sekhāvāți after the Sekhämats, one of the Kachbarábā clans originated from one Sekbājī. By far the larger portion of this prorince is in the hands of the tributary, chiefs of the Jaipur Mahārājā, rho are all Sekhā wats. Of these Sikar and Kletri are the two principalities of note and inportance here. 28. The first place in Sekhāvāți which I visited was Kbāțū in Sambhar Nizābat. 'It ras no doubt once a place of antiquity and sanctity. It is mentioned in a Rāņpur inscription as one of the important places conquered by Rāṇā Kumbha. earlier reference to it is to be found in the celebrated Harsha inscription of But an A. D. 973, in which it is menticned by the name of Khattakūpa. It was then XHATU.

·51 also the name of a district. It had also been celebrated for the temple of Syámji, which was demolished by the Muhammadans who built a mosque out of its materials. Pieces of old sculpture may still be seen in the walls of the mosque (Photos. Nos. 3500-3501). 29. From Khátū I proceeded to Revisā principally with a view to visit Jinmātă. Revasã is nearly sixteen miles north-west of Eihätū, and is in the jahāgir of the Khandela chief. REVASA, handte interesting object was a chhatrı near the Uparla kuvā, said to bave been built by a Vanjäri. The pillars used here are deeply carved, and cannot be later than the tenth century. Some of them have been put up upside down (Photo. No. 3502). I wonder whence these pillars were brought. At the ancient sites round about Rerāsă that I inspected, none of this size were found anywhere. 30. About six mules to the south of Revāsá is the temple of Jin-mata. SIN-MATA, It is situated at the foot of a hill, and is surrounded by a thick jungle. Round about the temple are numbers of tibāris and dharmaśālās, and beyond these are a few hamlets belonging to the pujóris, of whom no less than 250 families are settled here. They nre all Paräsara Brahmanas, and belong to one nakh, cis., Bhopă. They say that their ancestor Mallāji first came here with king Harischandra of Dhāră as his priest. The waters of the streamlet close by the temple cured him of his leprosy, and the king built a temple to Mātā, and kept him there as her pujäri. Four-fitths of the presents offered by pilgrims belong to them, and one to a Chubān Rājpűt of the Sāmbharıã khâmp, who stays at Reţă, three mles from the temple. Some one of his family altvays stays there to claim his dues. The pujaria have recently so much multiplied that in spite of the pilgrims flocking there they, obtain & scanty living. Some have, therefore, taken to tillage. Fairs are held here tspice a year, once a Chaitra (March-April) and indiane from the 4th to the 8th of indest. The word Jın is said name is Jayanti-mäta. The Ac aha 13 almost completely swathed in clothes, it is *. But from the description given to me she The Chohan pujäri sacrifices & goat every t fortnight, but outside the sabhamandapa. The Alátä is notorious for her drinking propensities. It is said that if she is to be offered liquor, at least three cups have to be offered. These cups arc generally taken to the goddess by the Rājpūts. The lips have only to be touched with the cup without tilting it in any way, and to the whole quantity is quaffed in an instant. It is said that Bhairarsinghji, father of the present chief of Sikar, took ten camel loads of liquor in order to test the strength of her drinking propensity. But when the camels - alanda i une found that the bottles had been emptied of their contents. one of ghi and one of oil, kept burning unceas.us paid by the Jaipur Darbär. The Khandelă chiefs contribute oaly Re, 1.4-0. 31. Now, with regard to the architecture of the temple the sabhamanıpa is doubtless old, and is, on the whole, fairly well preserved. The pillars closely resemble those of the later Ostā temples, and cannot be later than the 10th century (Photos. Nos. 3503-3506). But the rrall, which supS round the sabhu. mandapa on the north and west, is undoubte crammed with drugis and tabours that it was in the interior, The shrine door is a patch door-franie, probably the original itself. But these pieces, instead or kur arranged methodically, are anghow thrown into the walls. Other sculptures more also stuck into them, and one such is a sinal image of that cren the hink. The architrave again, · ont of the shirine, rrior mounted on in (V. E.) 1029= 1 ·52 A. D. 972. The exterior of the shrine is all modern plaster work, excepting the images in the nicles (Photo. No. 3507). These are unquestionably old, perhaps as old as the pillars of the hall themselves. All these except Siva have two hands each, another indication of their early age. All these are so thickly bedaubed with red paint that it is not a little difficult to recognize them. In the principal back piche is a goddess with two hands, her right holding a sword and the left a shield, and with her vehicle the lion close beside her. In the principal niche facing the north is Mahishasuramardini with two hands, her right holding apparently å skull and the left a sword, and trampling upon tho demon. In the remaining central niche is Siva with eight hands, onc holding a spcar bearing a victim transfixed on its end. He also bears the elephant hide. It reminds one of a similar figure in the temple of Kailasa at Ellorā. This figure is, however, mistaken by the people for Bálāji or Hanuman. The other figures sculptured are of the regents of the quarters. But Váyu is stuck up at the north-east, instead of at the north-west, corner, and Agni is placed twice over, one rightly in the south-cast corner and once wrongly in the north side. This shews that the outside walls of the shrine have been rebuilt. 32. The lower parts of the pillar shafts of the sabhamarrapa contain inscriptions engraved on them, which are important for the history of the imperial Chāhamāna dynasty (Inscrs. Nos. 2509-13). The earliest of these is dated V. E. 1162, and refers itself to the reign of Přithividera, who is undoubtedly here Pșithvirāja 1. It records the rebuilding of the temple by one Hathada, son of Mohila. Two inscriptions bear the date Samvat 1196, and belong to the reign of Aramarāja, the same as Arporāja, son of Pritlivīrāja I, and contemporary of the Solanki king Kumārapāla. A fourth inscription says that in Saraivat 1230 during the reign of Someśvara, , e., the Chāhamana sovereign Someśvara, Alhaņa, son of Udaïrā, rebuilt the mandapo of the temple. A fifth inscription is dated Sarivat 1382 varshe Chaitra gudi 6 Somu-dine, when the king Mahamadasāhi was reigning. Then one thakura Vichuchchhāja, son of thakura Daipati, of the Lohațāņi family, we are told, rebuilt the Jinidehară, i. e., temple of Jiņi. Lohatăņi is probably identical with Nātāṇī, & khôïp or surname found both amongst the Khandelval and Mahesari mahājans. Mahamada-sāli of this epigraph is obviously Muhammad Tughlaq. A sixth inscription begins with the date Sarvat 1620 varshe Bhadravā sudi 2 Somadine, and records the obeisance of one thakura Iradāsa, of the Mānnikabhaņdāri family. Manak-blaņdārī, as it is now written, is still found as a got in the Māthur Kāyastha community both in Jodhpur and Jaipur. A seventh insoription gives the date Sanvat 1535 varshe Yake 1399 Ashādha sudi 15 Somadine, and speaks of the temple of Jiņi as having been renovated. There are a few more inscriptions here, which are, however, too insignificant to be noticed. It will be seen from the inscriptions that the temple of Jin-ātā, or of Jiņi or Jiņi as she is therein called, was thrice rebuilt--once about the middle of the 12th century, the second time in the first half of the 14th century, and the third time about the close of the 15th century. 33, Behind the temple of Jiņ-mātā there is an underground passage leading to a subterranean chamber, which contains the image of what is known as Blanyrā-ki-mātā. In front of lier on the ground is a bust of brass said to be the head of Jagde Pavår offered by him to the goddess. Close by is a lamp which is kept burning for ever. Above the entrance to this chanıber is built into the wall a lintel which must have belonged to a Vaishinava temple. On the projecting block is Vishņu seated on Garuda, and above him are the Navagraha. 34. Eight miles south-east of Şikar is Haras, where is to be seen perhaps HARAS. the highest hill in the whole of Sekhåvāti. From the south of the village runs a rough path called khurra for going up the hill, and which consists of nothing but large stones thrown into the ground anyhow. Most of them have become so smooth by constant wear that it is somewhat dangerous to set one's foot on them, especially when one is descending. The khurrā was made about 175 years ago, by Sivsingh, who was then the chief of Sikar. It extends over two miles, and, after clearing.it, one has to trudge over a distance of at least one and a half miles before he reaches the ancient ruins, ·53 35. The y known as purānā. Wahadeon or by Sirsingh, t ople of Sivji, built No. 3508). This has a plain but stupendously high spire, which is seen even from a distance of five miles. To the south is a kunda built by a mahātmă called Nandrāmji nearly 200 years ago. Still further to the south is the temple of Bhairavji, which is built of materials from that of purānri Mahadeva. The pillars, especially at the entrance and near the cooking room of the pujarī8, are old (Photos. Nos. 3515 and 3517). The image of Bhairava is in an under-cell. But just before entering it way be seen on the right a beautiful image of an eighteenhanded goddless (Photo, No. 3516). A fair is held here on the 14th of the bright half of Bhadrapada, where people from the neighbouring places come. Near the south-west corner of this temple are gathered together heaps of broken images and sculptures. 36. Let us now turn to the temple of purāna Mahadeva, with which we are here principally concerned. It was once a magnificent temple as will be seen from the mass of ruins scattered on all sides, and it is indeed a sad thing to see it now an almost utter wreck. In the porch of the temple (Photo No. 3513) is a large slab of black stone on which an inscription is incised (Inscr. No 2514). This has been edited by Prof. Krelhorn in the Epigraphia Indica, Vol. II, p. 110 ff. But as he had no local knowledge of the temple, some mistakes are to be found in his translation of it. From the inscription we learn that the god was labādeva known by the name of Harshs, after whom the mountain was also called Harshagiri. The temple was built by one Bhāvarakta alias Allata in V. E 1013 = A. D. 956. Verse 12 describes what the temple was like, and is consequently, important for our purposes. As Prof. Kielhorn's ne :-"Glorious is the mansion the expanse of (its) spacious f gold shells, (and) lovely in consequence of (the statues of) Vikata and the sons of Pandu set up in the row Dannmhinn rin bn nhu the anale a Meru, it is and a wellt." A long these stairs ena aru lue Suails UL LW Fabies UL LuLulus Uue 14 noul vi We other, which were no doubt surmounted by a torana and formed the arched entrance, as stated in the verse. A little further on, on a raised terrace is an old marble 1 has to the sides of the temple, and that in one of them were the images of Pandavas and Vikatā. That there were these structures is clearly proved by the ruins of the subsidiary shrines on the south and south-west. The images of Pandavas also the north-east. Here are six colossal ich are to this day said by the people d Draupadi (Photos. Nos. 3520-3522). I do not know whether Vikatā stands here for the ogress Hidimbā The figure here is, however, that of an ordinary woman, and not that of an ogress. But Hidimbā, it must be remembered, had changed herself into a beautiful Toman and then married Bhima. And the figure in question may represent Hidimbā when she was in this condition. Of the remaining figures, there are This must be two which bear a bow and arrots. One of these has a crown. Arjuna, and the other either Nakula or Sahadeva, There is a third figure maten he left on his hip-an importance are ; an elaborately here is a fourth figure which is shewn as robust and stalwart and trampling upon demons. Though the head of the figure is missing, it will not be unreasonable to say that this represents Bhima. The inscription states that the statues of the Pandava brothers were placed in one of the structures on the outskirts of the temple. These images are all lying on the north-east of the temple but there D 640_14 T 1.1. Ju می بیا دا بالمار، اما ·54 are no traces of any old structure spacious enough to contain them. Perhaps there was one formerly on this side, on whose site the present temple of Sivji may have been built. 37. The spire of the temple is completely gonc (Photo. No. 3514); and the exteriors of the sabhūmandapa and the shrine also are no better. Only Kubera of the outside walls of the shrine is preserved. What is most curious about him is that his vähana is shown to be the ram (cf., however Ind. Ant. Vol. VI, p. 361). The interior of the shrine, which is on a lower level, is accessible by a small flight of stairs, and contains an old linga with four faces, one on each side (Photo, No. 3511). The inside walls also arc carved with no less than seventeen figures. The central figure on the west wall represents soine form of Gaurī, with two hands, the right holding a linga and the left an image of Ganapati, and herself standing on a lizard. 38. I have already said that the ruins of the temple of Harsha and its subşidiary shrines have served as materials for building the adjoining temples of Sivji and Bhairava. Amongst these may be found many figures which are interesting from the iconographic point of view. The image of an eighteenhanded goddess has already been alluded to. Another sculpture, which is built into the south wall of the temple of, Sivji represents Brahma and Vishnu as attempting to fathom the linga of Siva (Photo. No. 3519). Such sculptures are both rare and carly; and, so far as my knowledge goes, two such exist in the temple of Kailāsa at Ellora and on the temple of Virūpāksha at Pattadakal. In a niche of an attendant sbrinc facing the south is a third sculpture, which I for long took for a representation of Kallī, the last avatära of Vishnu. But as clearly shewn by Pandit Bidyābinoda, he is to be identified not with Kalki, but with Revanta, son of Sürya (Journal and Proceedings, Asiatic Suciety of Bengal, Vol. V, No. 10, 1909) (Photo. No. 3523), 39. The inscription states, as said above, that the temple was constructed by Allaţa in V. E. 1013 = A. D. 956. We have been informed who this Allata is. There was a devout worshipper of the god Uttareśvara pamed Viſvarūpa, who was of Pafichárthalūkulāmnāya, which Prof. Kielhorn took to be equivalent to Punchārthala-kill-omnaya. The name Pancharthala consequently puzzled bim, and he somehow or other explained it by saying that it was the same thing as Pañchârthika. But this is a mistake. The expression must be understood to stand for Panchārtha-Läkul-āmnāya. Viſvarūpa was thus an ascetic of the Lakulisa-Pāśupata sect. I have elsewhere shern that the phrase Läkul-amnāya occurs in Mysore inscriptions, and the word Panchärtha, which is conjoined thereto, is a technical term to the philosophy of this sect and has been explained by Sāyana in his Sarvadarśana-sangraha in the section dealing with Lakulisa-Pāšupata-darsana. Viśvarūpa's pupil was Praśasta, and the latter's disciple was Bhāvarakta alias Allata. He is said to have originally belonged to a Brāhmaṇa family called Vārgaţika residing at Rāņapallikā, which is spoken of as his Samsūrika-kul-amnāya.' Rāņapallikā has been rightly identified by Kielhorn with Rānoli, 7 miles east of Haras. But the Sanskrit expression has been misconstrued by him. For he takes it to mean " Whera the hereditary doctrine is that of the Samsārikas," whereas what it really means is that his Saisārika or wordly, as opposed to bis spiritual, family was at Ránolī. There is thus no reference here to a sect called Samsărikas, as Kielhorn supposes. Allața was alive when the temple was constructed in A. D, 956. In fact, it was he who built the temple with the wealth received from the pious people. Allața died in V. E. 1027 = A. D. 970, and was succeeded by his pupil Bhāvadyota. It was in his time in V. E. 1030 = A. D. 973, that the inscription was put up. In verse 27 we are informed that Harsba was the tutelary goddess of the Châhamāna family. It is, therefore, no wonder that many of the grants made to this god, which are recorded at the end of the epigraph, were made by the Chābamāna kings. The inscription refers itself to the reign of Vigraharāja, but his father Simharāja was alive when the temple itself was erected. It is on this supposition only that his grant of two villages to the god Harsha becomes intelligible, Professor Kielhorn has done full justice to the account of the Chāhamăna family given in the inscription except in one point. The first prince mentioned is Guvaka. I, who in the record is stated to ·55 that thn 1.in NA have been looked upon as a hero in the assembly of the king Nágāvaloka. At the time of editing it, he did not take Nāgávaloka as one name, and supposed This mistake he afterwards corrected, but sovereign was. I think, in the first place, ith the prince of that name mentioned in the and secondly that he was the same as Nagabhata, son of Vatsarāja, of the imperial Ýratihára dynasty. This point will be made clear in a separate paper which I mean shortly t8 write. 40. The inscription informs us that the temple was built by the sūtradhāra Chandasiva, son of Virabhadra. The same thing is told in a short inscription of three lines on a piece of column in the hall immediately in front of the shrine (Inser. No, 2515). In fact, this column is made of three different pieces, and does not represent a single whole original pillar of the sabhāmaņdapa Other columns and the shrine also shew that the temple was at some time rebuilt. Another small inscription on a pillar begins with the dete samoat 1636 varshe Ashādha sud: 6, refers itself to the reign of Sulātāna Gyāsadi, s. e., Ghiyās Shāh Khalji of Málwā, and specifies the names of some masons, such as Udha, Kolbá and so forth. The date Samvat 1535 = A.D. 1478 shews that the temple was reconstructed in he second half of the 15th century. 41. Raghunăthgadh is fourteen miles north-east of Sikar and comes under RAGNUNATHOADH. the same principality. The place is popularly known as 7 Pinat untad in a gorge formed by two hills. The fort here w: chief of Sikar,--the same Derisingh who cone named the fort of Devgadh, which is in the vicinity of the Harsha mountain. There are temples of Ragbunātha both on the fort and in the village below. This is the reason I. why it is called Raghunāthgadh. There is an old deserted rebuilt temple of Mabādeva in the village (Photo No. 3826), wbich was originally not later than the 12th century. Not tar from the temple is a marble image of Mabigbasurmiardini (Photo. No. 3527). Near a well not far from the dharmaśāla is a tirthamb. It bears an inscription with the date V. E. 1150 and referring itself to the reign of a Chandel king. According to local traditions, this part of Sekhăvâti was first held by Chandelás, then by Dālijās, then by Nirvāns, then by Takņets and lastly, by Sekhávats. Reminiscences of Taknets are still preserved in the sanads issued by Alakkhânjī, son of Nārāyandásji, but remains of earlier times had not so long been discovered. And the tirthamo inscription is the first record so far found of this earlier period, and shews that the local traditions are correct in saying that this land was once possessed by the Chandel Rájrūts. 42. Eight miles from Raghunathgadh and ten miles south-west of Udepur 18 Lohágar, a place of great sanctity in Sekhãvâti. LOHADAR There are two mühütmyas connected with this place. One is called Padma-purane Lohärgala-shatliriha-mahātmyam and the other Säroddhåre Lohārgala-mahatmyam. The latter is important, and has been published. It calls the place by the name of Lobārgala, and tells us that this is the name of the mountain and that it was so called because it stood like loha (tron) as an argala (bar). Lohárgala, however, as it is understood by the people, is the name of the tirtha here, the mountain itself being called Mälket In the māhātmya also the true name of the mountain given is Mälaketu, son of Sailendra who was himself a son of Himalaya. There is actually a temple here on the top of a hill dedicated to this Mālket, where he is represented to be seated and with two hands, one holding a rosary and the other left open. In the māhātıya it is also stated that after slaughtering the Kauravas, the Pānļavas, in order to free themselves from the sin of gotra hatyū so committed, went out in search of tirthas. They had been told by Närada that when the mace of Bhima would become druta (lıquified), they were to suppose that their sina were washed off. So in the course of their pilgrimage they came here, and the mace of Bhima became liquid at the touch of the water of a well, which has since been known as gyân-kura This mace was of iron, i. e., loha, and it was liquified, s. e., gal gaya. Lchāgal vas, therefore, the name by which, according to the popular account, the place became known, ·56 43. Fairs are held here twice a ycar-once on Vaisakha sud Pünina and another timo Bhadra vad snävas. The second is more important, and the pilgrims who come are expected to make a parkammā or circumambulation round the mountain. They first come to Lolagar on the 10th or 11th of the dark half of Bhadrapada. They commence bathing in Sürya kunda, then bathe in Chitravati-Gangă, a small kunla behind it at the foot of a hill, and afterwards in Brahmahrada near gyänkuvi. Then they go to the Triveņi, consisting of the junction of the three rivers Karkotakā, Sandhyā, and Sarkarā, and bathe there. Thence they repair to the village Kerodi, where they bathe in two kunglas, onc of hot and the other of cold water. From there they go to Sakrāī, bathe in the Śarkarā river, and do obeisance to the goddess Sākambhari. Then they go to the river again, and perform ablutions. They afterwards go to Kholi kunda, and do worship to Rāvanesvara-Mahādcra., From there Nāgn kunda is reached, and from Nāga-kunda they go to the river Sobhávatinnd thence to Khori kunda. At all these places they bathe. From Khori kuna they come back to Sürya kunda at Lobāgar, where they must be present on the 14th as it is the principal tirtha here. The circumambulation thus extends over twenty-four kūs, and has to be finished in five days at the most. With Lohagar are intimately connected the Mahesarī, one of the well known bania classes of Räjputānā. The history of their origin has been told in the Itihāsa Kalpadruma. When Khandelā was in the possession of the Nirvāņ (Cholãn) Rājpūts, a certain king called Khagalasen was once reigning. His son Sujān Kaivar was a convert to Jainism, and always prohibited Brāhmaṇas from performing sacrifices. The king, therefore, without specifying any reason, forbade him to go to any place north of the city, Once, however, the prince, attended by seventy-two sons of noblemen, did go out on a stroll on the north of Khaņờelā, and to his surprise found six sages including Gautama engaged in a sacrifice. It then suddenly flashed upon him that this was the reason why he had been forbidden to conic here, and he at once ordered his companions to put an end to the sacrifice. The moment, however, they approached the sages to seize and destroy their sacrificial materials, the latter cursed them, and they were all, including the prince himself, converteil into stone. On hearing of this, the king of Khandelā died, but the wives of those turned into stone repaired to the place, and commenced performing religious austerities in an adjoining cavern. After a time Mahādeva and Pārvati happened to pass by that place. They all came out, and fell at their feet. Through the intercession of Pārvati, Mahadeva restored their husbands to their original life, but the weapons which they originally had with them stuck to their bodies, Mahādeva, therefore, ordered them to bathe in the Sürya kunda. The effect of its water was such that the weapons were separated from their bodies, but they had also been well-nigh dissolved and were consequently unfit for any use. Mabādeva, therefore, asked them to exchange their martial for commercial pursuits. Hence their descendants, who were Mahesaris, became traders and merchants. 41. From Raghunathgadh I proceeded to Sakrãi, which is trrenty miles distant via Udepur. It is the same Sakrāi that is referred to above in the description of the circumambulation which pilgrims make round the range of hills known as Mälket. Here is a temple of Sākambhari situated in the midst of one of the thickest jungles of Šebhāvāți and standing by a rivulet called Sarkarā, after which the place is named Sakrāi. I. The outside walls of the shrine are doubtless old, and cannot be later than the second half of the eighth century. But no other portion of the ancient temple now survives, except two or three pillars (Photo. No. 3528). In a corridor wall of the front entrance has been stuck an inscription which ends with the date Sanvat 879 dvir-Áshādha-sudi (Inscr. No. 2517). The reading of the first cipher of the date, viz., 8, is certain, but I am by no means sure regarding the two following ciphers, as they are entirely new and not known to us from previous records, The inscription records the erection of a mandapa by certain goshthikas in front of the goddess Sankară. This, no doubt, appears to be the correct and original name of the goddess, and not Sākambhari by which she is at present known, One of the goshthikas, i.e., members of the temple supervision committee, was the Sreshthi Mandana of the Dhūsara family. The surname Dhūsara is still wellknown in the Jaipur State, but persons bearing this surname call themselves Bhargava Brāhmaṇas, though they are suspected by the people to have been criginally banias. But the popular suspicion, I think, is shewn to be a fact i SAKRAI.

·57 by our inscription, for Bandana Dhûsara is called a freshtht, i. e., Set or Seth, which title is borne by none but the bania class. Another gosthika of the temple was the Sreshthi Garga of the Dharkkata family. I have shern elsewhere that the name Dharkkata has survived in the slightly altered forin Dhakad, 4 subordinininn afil. 1, the initial portion of the blessings of three Dhanada, i.e., Kubera. Ganapati and Kubera, summus vlte vi the ngures on the pedestal of the shrine of Pinlo... igure is that of Mahishāsara- Kubera and Ganapati on the enuple in Sakrii, I was not vv Susu lue sure and inspect the images, which were well-nigh concealed under garments, but I was simply told that the goddess was Mahishāsurarnardini, and had none by her sides. 'Thorn in all which also requires to be noticed, aved on a slab which is somewhat with a white wash, with the result A cahie noutolandith 2 AK 11 LULU UL U exterior put up against the no in the dark. It is, therefore, no may balo tond refers itself to the reig Dayikā, queen of Vachci as we know from the Ha which was situated in a brihad-droni, i. e., in a large valley between two mountains. This is, no doubt, the case with the temple, as it is. The inscrip- Hinn anda mith the data --.1.... It is indeed curious But we know from E, 1030. The full date UAM ULUMwuuwvg LILIVIU, VU TUJU, 46. Fann!..... I! KHAN Phulera che of a plan nr. only of Khandelvāl mahajans. It is carts for ladies of high family), to use the local phrase, left off the place nearly 800 years ago to escape the persecution of some Muhammadan emperor, whose name is not known. Similarly 350 tankis or stone-cutters left off, and the present well known stone cutters at Makrāņā and Didwāņā are believed to be their descendants. 47. The only objects of antiquity that now survive here are (1) the temple of Khaņdeśvara-Vrahadeva, (2) a Srirgi temple, (3) Aſunji-kā-mandar and (4) some old wells. The first, though doubtless called after the source from which the name Khandelá is derived, is really a modern temple built of old materials I. (Photo. No. 3530). The second temple is doubtless old, but is dilapidated (Photo. No. 3529). Nothing of it has been preserred which is characteristically Jaina, and it is, therefore, inexplicable why it is called a Srirgi temple. It cannot be later than the tenth century. With regard to the third temple Munjī the name of the god, to whom it is dedicated, is really an abbreviated form of Mohanji. He had at first a spacious temple erected for him, but it way demolished and converted into a mosque by the Sſuhunamadans. This mosque is now close by the palace of the Bada-Thikanäitala. When his temple was destroyed, Munji, it is said, was pleased to come of himsplf and stay in the mann thanh th, laden mittelalt Śrárgi temple. The : the sabhamındapa 're two images, one correrer, broken off ges and tere brought thither a drinking pot and in his left Might this last be a wide flask? B 610–15 AA ·:58 SALADDIPURA, 48. According to local traditions, old Khandela was situated near the foot of the hill to the west of the present town. But no ancient structure is now existent there. Sculptures of the temples, that once stood here, may, however, be seen built in some wells known as Udāvlā, Rāmkurālā and so forth (Photo. No. 3532). But the well called Chintaman-kā-kuvā is supposed to be the most ancient. It is said to have been built by a king named Chintāmaņi, who had received a boon from a saint in accordance with which whatever he wished for was at one actualised. Khandelā was also once held by a Sekbāwat called Räysaljī, who flourished before V. E. 1600. He had a queen, who was the daughter of the chief of Jālor. She was thus a Sonagarī, and consequently the step-well built by her is now known as Sonagrī-ki-bây (Photo No. 3531). 49. Old sculptures of mediæval times are found everywhere in and outside the town of Khandelā. But of these that are noteworthy one is lying loose in the temple of Kisandevji outside Khandelā (Photo. No. 3537), another is built into the wall of Pañcko-ki-thai (Photo. No. 3536), and a third is on the steps leading to Narsingji's temple (Photo. No. 3535). This last piece is interesting. The principal and central figures are a man and his wife, most probably some king and queen, as there is a nimbus behind the head of each. The piece, in ali likelihood, originally belonged to some temple built by them. But it must have been a Jaina fane, as shewn by the figure of a Jina with which the sculpture is surmounted. The lowermost part is occupied by a group of seven persons who no doubt at first sight appear to be Saptamātri but are not so, as a matter of fact, because they are clearly males, 50. Four miles to the north of Khanđelā is Saladdīpurā, a village owned by the Chhotā-pānā. About a mile from the village is an old temple of about the twelfth century, believed to have been built for the spiritual merit of the two sisters Sobbal-de and Ābal-de. They were the daughters of the Chohān sovereign Visala. They had gone on pilgrimage to Lohāgar, disguised as males. But they were seen and detected by the prince of the chief of Soler, the old name of Saladdipurā. Both fell in love with the prince, and were taken off by him to Soler. Thereupon Visala, being enraged, marched off to attack the chief, He encamped at a place now known as Bisalo-jodā (tank of Visala). The chief and his son vere killed in a well-pitched battle, and the daughters of Visala died as satīs. And in their memory, it is said, the temple was erected by the penitent father, 51. The temple faces the east. Abovethe shrine door on the dedicatory block is Siva standing with four hands, two playing on the guitar, one right holding the trident and one left a snake. On his proper right at one end is Ganapati standing, and on his left is the goddess Vaishnari. The door jambs are sculptured with the remaining Saptamåtri. Above on the frieze are the Navagraha, Inside the shrine is not placed a modern image, the original having disappeared. This modern image is of Jamãi mātā, the tutelary, goddess of the Sekhāwats. The exterior of the shrine contains three central niches, one on each side. That on the north face is occupied by Vārāhī, with six hands. The lowermost right hand is left open; the one above it holds a dagger and the uppermost a trident. The lowermost left hand bears a skull-crowned mace, and the middle a bowl; the uppermost apparently clutching her own hair (Photo. No. 3539). In the southern niche is Chāmundâ, who is always represented as a hag with breasts fallen. She has eight hands, bearing, to begin with the lovermost right hand (dakshin-ādhah-kara-kramát), (1) a rosary, (2) a dagger, (3) a boirl, (4) a drum, (5) a snake, (6) resting on her breast with one finger in the mouth, (7) a human skull and (8) a skull-crowned mace respectively. The remaining, s. e., the back, niche also contains the figure of a goddess with eight hands. Of the left four, the lowermost is open, the second wields a dagger and the third a trident, the uppermost bearing a drum. The lowermost right hand holds a skull-crowned mace, the second a snake, the third some unidentifiable object, and the uppermost a bowl (Photo. No. 3538). What is curious is that all these goddesses bare the man as their vāhana or vehicle, The outside walls of the shrine are also decorated with the figures of the Ashta- Dikpālas or the Eight Regents of the Quarters. Of these Kubera is shein with the ram as his vāhana as we have seen in the case of the Harsha temple ·89 above; Nip.riti's vāhang here is the man, and not the dog, and besides, he is not here sculptured as naked ; Yama is represented with two hands, of which the left holds a skull-crowned mace. 52:""My tour for the last season in the Sekhārați province and so in the Jaipur AJMER State came to an end, and we prepared ourselves to resume our exploration work in the Jodhpur State, But before actually going there, I seized this opportunity of visiting Ajmer in order to see whether any new additions were made to the Archæological Museum there. Till the 2nd of March when I left Ajmer, only three new inscription stones had been received. Of these, two had been brought from therein as having been brought into existence by Brahma and as Vishnu. dharma-purāna, i.e., old in the practice of the Vaishnava religion. It is worthy of note that Mothen, thodanno, in alle T.. sāmánya, s. e., belonging to the Pushkar are at present known as Parāśaras. Mall irāśara Brābmana. The 1 1 . DU VIL IUUIU 04 uw gleliv s nou ciear tom me inscription. the other innorintinn from Dahlon alan ann " . the stone is completely gone, and the middle portion of what is preserved is highly weather-worn. It is a pity that this stone is not well-preserved, because it appears to be an important inscription. In lines 5-6 are mentioned Sridhara and his son Vinaditya, who were of the Kautsa gotra. Line 18 who is probably identical with the occurs the name Rudraditya, who ps the same as Rudrāditya referred with in line 23. The third inscription has been engraved on the image of a Jina found at Byānā in the Bharatpur State (Inscr. No. 2521). It bears the date 1051 V. E. =991 A, D., and says that the image was caused to be made in accordance with the instructions of Sürasena of apparently the Vigata-samgha by the three brothers, Simbaika Yasoraja and Nonpaika. JODHPUR STATE. -63. My tour in Märvâſ commenced with Phalodi, one mile distant from the Dertā Ruad Station on the Jodhpur-Bikaner line. PHALODI. Phalodi and all other places I visited upto the end of March, are in the Medtă (Derta) district of the Jodhpur State. It is celebrated for two ancient temples, one of Paráranátha and the other of Brahmāņi. Both are on the ou the second on the east, side. beneath a ler tree, and is con cow to a herdsman for taking . 11 4 T. 11 foot of a ker tree. There she raised one of her hind legs and lo i mlk of itself flowed from her udders. Curious to know on that substance the milk fell, ho approached the tree and found this image of Paráranátha met with it. Tho image was removed amidst great rejoicings and enshrined in the prescnt templo, ·60 ? which was specially built for it (Photo. No. 3548). It is thus believed that the image formed itself from the sand particles and the milk of the cow. Every third or fourth year, I was told, some special kind of drugs and spices was, applied to the image to guard it from the effects of weather. And to minimise the effects of moisture, it is always covered with a silver case divided in two parts. To these and not to the inside image saffron is applied, and these are every day taken out and clean washed. The image is thus altogether left untouched. In the month of Asoja (Ăśvina) a great fair is held, and, since the opening of the rail, pilgrims from distant parts of the country flock to this place. The person, who contributes highest to the maintenance of the ghi lamp in the shrine, has the right to wave lights before the idol. No less than Rs. 1,200 is annually collected from the pilgrims. A portion of this income is now being devoted to painting the sabhāmandapa, which, however, is a thing to be regretted. The finances of the temple are controlled by a panch, who stay in Medtā, and spend the remainder on repairs to the twelve Jaina temples there. 54. In front of the shrine on each side is a white marble slab curiously sculptured. Each has an inscription on it. One of these is dated Sanvat 1221 Märggasira sudi 6, and speaks of a gift of Chandaka together with Sri-Chitrakūtiya-Silaphata in the temple of Pärsvanātha in Phalavardhikā (Phalodī). The gift was made by the Porvād Ropimuņi and bhandāri Dasādhā. The other inscription bears no date, and records the sculpturing of uttānapatta by Seth Munichandra. The meaning of Chandaka, silaphata, and uttanapatta is unknown to me. Munichamdra is spoken of as having also constructed the mandapa of the temple, in Naravara, built by Sallakshmata, and as having placed deva-vā(bā?) lakāh in the temple of Mahāvīra at Ajayameru (Ajmer). In an antechamber to the sabhämandapa are placed some sculptures in wall niches. Two of these are interesting. They are Sanavasarana and Nandiśvaradvipa (Photos. Nos. 3549-3550). Their interest lies in the fact that they are modern sculptures of them, and are widely different from their old representations. 55. The pujārīs of this temple are Sevaks as of most Jaina temples, but what is wonderful is that they are pujāris of the temple of Brahmäņi also. They hold some lands as jahāgirs, granted by a Rāthod king, but do not remember the name of this king. Their ancestor came from Jbāliwādi, a village not far distant. They have now no less than sixty houses here. ; 56. The temple of Brahmāņi faces the east, and appears to be an eleventh century structure." In front of it stands a raised dažs and a torana as in the case of the temple of Harasnāth (Photos. Nos. 3545-3546). Here, however, on the dais is a broken figure of the lion, that has probably fallen from the original śikhara. The exterior of the sabhamandapa is modern work, but the pillars inside are old. The spire of the shrine is new, but the outside walls, ancient and plain but for three niches. That facing the north contains Narasimha and that on the south, Varāha (Photos. Nos. 3543-3544). The back niche is occupied by a goddess with eight hands, six of which are now gone and two may now be seen holding a shield and a thunderbolt (Photo No. 3542). She stands between two lions and two female attendants, She represente, I think, the Phalavardhikā-devī of the inscriptions in the temple, the goddess to bom the temple was originally dedicated. The present image of Brahmāņi is modern, and there is nothing in it that stamps it as one of Brahmāņi. To the south of this temple and in the close vicinity of it is another, which is rebuilt of materials of a somewhat older fane (Photo. No. 3541). It also faces the east, and has only three principal niches, containing Kubera, Trivikrama and Ganapati on the north, west and south respectively. The parts of the original śikhara, that are preserved, are deeply carved and cannot be later than the tenth century. 57. The pillars of the hall of the Brahmāņi temple have many small inscriptions engraved on them. But excepting perhaps three, none is in any way important or interesting. The earliest, which is without date, commences with obeisance to Phalavardhikā-devī, and specifies the pame of a sūtradhāra · called Sivaravi, son of Macbāravi, grandson of Bhadrāditya, and great-grandson ·61 ין י 11 of Balhaka. He was a resident of Kachari, which was in Pushkarani, perhaps the province of Pushkar (Inser. No. 2522). Below the inscription is incised the name of Sanádhã Kāpaņi. Kāpadi, I think, is the same as the Sanskrit kärpatika, a mendicant. Another inscription, which is dated Sanoat 1465 varsha Bhādava sudi 5, refers itself to the reign of some Muhammadan emperor simply called here Magalà-sába Pătasäha, and says that the temple of Phalaka (Phalodi) was repaired by one Dothā, a Gubilata, i, e., Guhilot. The third inscription is entirely in old Márvári. It gives the date Samtal 1536 tarshe Chaitra sudi pūrnimă, and states that the temple was rebuilt by three persons, viz., Jaită a Hul, Satá son of Pitha and Härākhu a Rāthod. Hul is a sub-division of the Gubilot tribe. In fact, the whole of the Medtā province was once held by the Gubilots as is evidenced by the devlis or memorial stones found and the traditions current here. 68. Four miles south-east of Phalodi is Pandukhā, which can be called a PANDUKHA. village only by courtesy. Outside the village is an old well, built of materials of old temples. Information had been given to me by Nannurām Brahmabhat of Jodhpur that one of its outside walls at the entrance contained an inscription slab. The slab vas there, but the inscription was too weather-worn to be read completely and with certainty. It begins with several gods and goddesses. Amongst the latter the names of Vadavāsini, Pārdavakshāti, Vachatusha and so forth are utterly unknown to me, and they must represent some local deities. The inscription then refers itself to the reign of Aläradī, i. e., Alā-ud-din, of Joginipura, i. e., Delhi. He had established at Medamtaka, i. e., Medtā, probably as viceroy one Tājadi-ali (Tāj-ud-din Ali), whose long Persian titles have been given in Sanskritised form. Then is given the date samvatsara 1358 Vaišākha vadi 6, and we are told that a step-well was constructed by one Pithada, son of Vighata, a Máthurs .? :-- 12. As a matter of fact, hood of the steporiginal name, however, must have been Påndavaksbāti, after whom the village also seems to have been called Pandukbā. 59. Five miles south-east of Pāņdukha is Medtā (Blerta), the principal town of the district of the same name, The present town was founded by Dūdhāji, son of Rãv Jodhāji in A. D. 1488, and the memory of this prince is still preserved in the name of a small sheet of water called Dudásir. In about A. D. 1556 Rãv Mālder wrested it 1. rll into the bands But long before as known by the nane Medantaka. We have just seen that the Păndukbã inscription speaks of Medantaka as being the seat of Ali-ud-dip's viceroy. But the earliest reference to Medantaka is to be found in the Jodhpur inscription of the feudatory Pratibăta chieftain Băuka and dated V. E. 894 = A. D. 837. Therein Nagabhiata (circa 700 A. D.), one of his predecessors, is represented to have made Áledantaka his capital. 60. Medtá was thus updoubtedly an old place, but very few objects of antiquity are now extant there. In fact, beyond two eleventh-century pillars and a few sculptures in the temple of Lakshmi, about a mile to the north-east of the town (Photos. Nos, 3551-3553), there is hardly anything of the pre- Muhammadan period to be seen here. But there are many structures of the Mussalman times, mostly masjids. Three of these were built by, three different castes, vis, Mochis (shoe-makers), Ghosīs (milkwen), and "Silārata (stone-cutters). The Mocbi masjid contains a Persian inscription, which actually tells us that it was built by all the Mochīs of Medtă in H. 1086. But the most important of these all is the Jami masjid which is situated in the bazaar and in the centre of the town, Asanad in connection with it is still in the possession of a Mukammadan here. It was issued by Sayyad Alam • The account of the Persian records here given is baseå on their summary sa kindly prepared for me by Moushi Deri Prasad of Jodhpur, B 640-16 MEDTA. T.. -- 1, .

·60 which was specially built for it (Photo No. 3548). It is thus believed that the image formed itself from the sand particles and the milk of the cow. Every third or fourth year, I was told, some special kind of drugs and spices was applied to the image to guard it from the effeots of weather. And to minimise the effects of moisture, it is always covered with a silver case divided in two parts. To these and not to the inside image saffron is applied, and these are every day taken out and clean washed. The image is thus altogether left untouched. In the month of Asoja (Ăśvina) a grent fair is held, and, since the opening of the rail, pilgrims from distant parts of the country flock to this place. The person, who contributes highest to the maintenance of the gli lamp in the shrine, has the right to wave lights before the idol. No less than Rs. 1,200 is annually collected from the pilgrims. A portion of this income is now being devoted to painting the sabhämandapa, which, however, is a thing to be regretted. The finances of the temple are controlled by a panch, who stay in Meata, and spend the remainder on repairs to the twelve Jaina temples there, 54. In front of the shrine on each side is a white marble slab curiously sculptured. Each has an inscription on it. One of these is dated Sanivat 1221 Märggasira sudi 6, and speaks of a gift of Chandaka together with Sri-Chitrakütīya-Silaphata in the temple of Pārsvanātha in Phnlavardhikā (Phalodi). The gift was made by the Porväd Ropimuņi and bhandāri Dasādhā. The other inscription bears no date, and records the sculpturing of uttanapatła by Seth Munichandra. The meaning of Chariidaka, silaphata, and uttanapatta is unknown to me. Munichamdra is spoken of as having also constructed the mandapa of the temple, in Naravara, built by Sallakshmata, and as having placed deva-vā(bā?) lakāḥ in the temple of Mahāvīra at Ajayameru (Ajmer). In an antechamber to the sabhämandapa are placed some sculptures in wall niches. Two of these are interesting. They are Samarasarana and Nandiśvaradvipa (Photos. Nos. 3549-3550). Their interest lies in the fact that they are modern sculptures of them, and are widely different from their old representations, 55. The pujāris of this temple are Sevaks as of most Jaina temples, but what is wonderful is that they are pujäris of the temple of Brahmāņi also. They hold some lands as jahāgirs, granted by a Rāthod king, but do not remember the name of this king. Their ancestor came from Jbäliwādī, a village not far distant. They have now no less than sixty houses here. 56. The temple of Brahmāņi faces the east, and appears to be an eleventh century structure." In front of it stands a raised daſs and a toraña as in the case of the temple of Harasnāth (Photos. Nos. 3545-3546). Here, however, on the dais is a broken figure of the lion, that has probably fallen from the original śikhara. The exterior of the sabhāmandapa is modern work, but the pillars inside are old. The spire of the shrine is new, but the outside walls, ancient and plain but for three niches. That facing the north contains Narasimha and that on the south, Varäha (Photos. Nos. 3543-3544). The back niche is occupied by a goddess with eight hands, six of which are now gone and two may now be seen holding a shield and a thunderbolt (Photo. No. 3542). She stands between two lions and two female attendants, She represents, I think, the Phalavardhika-devi of the inscriptions in the temple, the goddess to whom the temple was originally dedicated. The present image of Brahmāni is modern, and there is nothing in it that stamps it as one of Brahmāņi. To the south of this temple and in the close vicinity of it is another, which is rebuilt of materials of a somewhat older fane (Photo. No. 3541).. It also faces the east, and has only three principal niches, containing Kubera, Trivikrama and Ganapati on the north, west and south respectively. The parts of the original śikhara, that are preserved, are deeply carved and cannot be later than the tenth century 57. The pillars of the hall of the Brahmāņi temple have many small inscriptions engraved on them. But excepting perhaps three, none is' in any way important or interesting. The earliest, which is without date, commences with obeisance to Phalavardhikā-devi, and specifies the name of a sūtradhāra. called Sivaravi, son of Macharavi, grandson of Bhadrãditya, and great-grandson [ .

·61 of Bálhaka. He was a resident of Kachāri, which was in Pushkaraņi, perhaps the province of Pushkar (Inser. No. 2522). Below the ioscription is incised the name of Sanādhā Kāpadi. Kapadi, I think, is the same as the Sanskrit harpatika, a mendicant. Another inscription, which is dated Samrat 1465 varsha Bhädavă sudi 5, refers itself to the reiga of some Bluhammadan emperor simply called here Mugalā-sāha Pätasaba, and says that the temple of Phalaka (Phalodī) was repaired by one Dothā, a Gubilata, i. e., Guhilot. The third inscription is entirely in old Marwari. It gives the date Samoat 1535 varshe Chaitra sudi pürnima, and states that the temple was rebuilt by three persons, diz , Jaita a Hul, Sată son of Pitha and Hārākku a Rāthod. Hul is a sub-division of the Guhilot tribe. In fact, the hole of the Med ta province was once held by the Gahilots as is evidenced by the declis or memorial stones found and the traditions current here. 58. Four miles south-east of Phalodi is Pāņdukha, which can be called a village only by courtesy. Outside the village is an PANDUKHA, old well, built of materials of old temples. Information had been given to me by Nannurām Brahmabhat of Jodhpur that one of its outside walls at the entrance contained an inscription slab. The slab wag there, but the inscription was too weather-worn to be read completely and with certainty. It begins with several gods and goddesses. Amongst the latter the names of Vadavāsini, Pāmdavakshāti, Vachatusha and so forth are utterly unknown to me, and they must represent some local deities. The inscription then refers itself to the reign of Alāradi, i. e., Alā-ud-din, of Joginīpura, i. e., Delhi. He had established at Medamtaka, i. c., Dedtă, probably as piceroy one Tājadi-ali (Taj-ud-din Ali), whose long Persian titles have been given in Sanskritised form Then is given the date sanvatsara 1368 Vaišākha radi 6, and we are told that a step-well was constructed by one Pithada, son of .. .rnJL: I 59. Five miles south-east of Pandukhā is Medtā (Blerta), the principal town MEOTA, of the district of the same name. The present town was founded by Dudhāji, son of Rāv Jodhāji in A. D. 1488, and the memory of this prince is still preserved in the name of a small slieet of water called Dūdāsir." In about A. D. 1556 Rav Mälder wrested it Sohannanntly it fell into the hands . lhpur. But long before 'ind was known by the name Medantaka. We have just seen that the Paņdukhā inscription speaks of Medantaka as being the seat of Ala-ud-din's viceroy. But the earliest reference to Medantaka is to be found in the Jodhpur inscription of tho feudatory Pratīhāra chieftain Băuka and dated V. E. 894 = A. D. 837. Therein Nāgabhata (circa 700 A. D.), one of his predecessors, is represented to bave made IIedantaka bis capital. 60. Medtã was thus undoubtedly an old place, but very few objects of antiquity are now extant there. In fact, beyond two eleventh-century pillars and a few sculptures in the temple of Lakshmi, abo a mile to the north-cast of the town (Photos. Nos. 3551-3553), there is hardly anything of the pre- Muhammadan period to be seen here. But there are many structures of the Mussalman times, mostly masjids Three of these were built by, thrco different castes, diz, Mochis (shoc-makers), Ghosis (milkmen), and "Silărat, (stone-cutters). The Vochi masjid contains a Persian inscription, which actually tells us that it was built by all the Mochis of volta in H. 1086. But the most important of these all is the Jami masjid thich is situated in the baznar and in the centre of the town. A ganad 'in connection with it is still in the possession of a Nubammadan here. It was issued by Sayyad Alar • The account of the Persian records bere given is based on their soulmiary »o kiadly prepared for me by Vzoshi Deri Prasad of Jodhpar. B 610–16 ·A Brid, samant Khamma EH B Gr, TS & ఇPrarista ri Am225. I was issued to Sin Sarrat Mahead Tark, sca (Samaintamma vasi Giri, in its tamine Sisk Akasi katai 2 Simrat Sai Arini asain Siri satam a first start celebritin Baghi. His designiser 2 in Nagar, and there - W, Arranginianismsia farmenia Mannar Tara is re-:- iiiirst tisimi rariid. Bria: the time in the ind mas inst ane Hans I rei dissemina giving the ran in: trs TES :: ఓ T. Hansistant Enet, Oatha vinasanta maridi are iminaries, tasia Persian Pain Him in a c tra Same inpet me to: it was casa in as Maasi, aati is allianis and treater cesions cease take cart to is carician, at that in E. 1222 cr T. S. IS51 13 Tai Tas reatred in this Enters ciDicialis Bahadir ast tie Carris & co. HERE: ani ti: raimas certain bad again. 61. I have alrainsidisearsalian imeira Jain ingles in thoma Ircaghats are acteracars, trinsistiasciatralia ta are not act interest times all are sagarat a the charara.cioni cr at ti the images Gi Tirigivaraa. is. Gi is, it avasar Mil installed in . E. 16/1=&D.1520. recitin, Charat is not as Cirgi-ro randir. It esari Nats ta: Srirai tr Jaiia Mari Giririre, raajaagi massioni G Emmarrie: 2, in e.. Shah Jahan, Massiliricistsr-522222z icrasaris the site an image 02 raa or t:: Aakaamaintain: 2 Mailbraimself and Clai kismaiminara-vira, Hemas an aval and c. the Canadi grirs. is is an int: iis ne ta: 23RS : E taage bring man ilai Copi ro Rarain. HTits 23S TE Axia, a ra: raa nara, drination 19 PETs23 migiri, Taata.it israaa had trainings in this tensaerica a sea of asses, Rape Rems teste birdi Heat came ine ilisina ti::head max Eaigiaraii, i.c., the latera eaglia, in organising Trisages - simages 2 : {Ata) at radia {క్షుడు), an estamaint: initicieSiripada comersia2 Jimana satisadisira mas I it ri san, 22: iimanistan iass than times times is a Leadina insists in Saiting This.. Batis, 2017ET. maagrapanseritata Ricararaises G: anti Tipinnaga sariisi kota Krarasam garinitia, in earctica riharira aagara ard on: jail. Iris raara is : inta te Cre, mana in T. E, 1833 Gigiraat is cigati gariantarieta {Ind. ani.vel T . SB, 10. 33.. aaja is mentioned astasia Gf Diator Ed Dainaa-saad as singag to the Bikinis family, aaaaa areas Boarian, aa Omissal He is alు కారణ e as taring resires a Bణ Era umaits, as tariag ersatadi Samajay-ciatara, and as haring ented the image ri Paisvaraina instakisi in Bhimarada to roar cat rera, Tre జావ బా insipisss reitere is irs, art and read ites the new images, a rarein ite Kiaraiaaraa Iris are &icsari in Y. E. 1573 57 Jizarája. But nothing is nasicaed concerning bis inace si Bananata. Jinni asale pai and seaser of Jiaris, risis said to Rare resired t side ci Yugaaradhira tea ide super Jahangi. He also ilarilaascr templesia Ksha (Sani) and Risinin, and the eli.. ti 202.saagite: to be prolinai inthara Siva (Erraga Garage (Fami). Amost the same things are part in its an irriptians, bz Bikiss, I think as "EET raat kalin instant ci kasi.. pai is ite 22 Kasia, braina ksouism aama in limi.. jicarina Fas its Failardaar Gamachaitra, camism.iissiles disor Trapradition 1723 cmaster Akbar, 62. Precisely satrasadaia asciitsles insipina tana sE: 232 Jiraaja cassemmies tag finer images ss, a bro s rangicrafi isatanas. 02s of the Rasa rara, its virigi image in the tearis caiei Borg-Hadir. Tos bar tas oftaža in the Poema-trihisang rangir, Ias inscripticaeats 12-12: image is a aa ini2 aimijigaadidati team nanisrite in a airalia proarigasi dating site rivis ci simani Similita, are the live ·03 of fish and other aquatic aniinals in the Dear Suambatirta, I. c., Camlar, and causerl De tar at Satrubjaya and other places to le dimonlirundi llc is also called pancha-hadi-pira-ridhata, the incaning of which is not clear to be In the consccration of this last Irlhankara, re are toll, Jinsraja kaud lern Assisted by upidhgaya Samagarja, tuchakai laissprada, Sanaya aclara and Punyapradhana. Of Uicu Samayaraja rras a pupil of Jinachandra, ar! Samayasundara the preceptor of Ilarshanandana, fourth in tirting in dated Sançat 1059 carthe Näha sudi 6 dine Sulrarire, and refirie! to th... reign of Süryasirinha, 1. c., the Rithout Raja Soor of Jollipar. Bas the caries record of this gachchha herc lins the date 1307 1. E, and speaks of animace this, . Im OL le 11.143!11 ura, DIM the súri of the Tarigachchi. Inscriptions of tl.c are dated V. E 1671-1657. The earliest record of t?is gacica refers to the consecration of an image of Sunatinátka by Hlemaviinalasuri, and bears the date Sarral 1609 carsie Japan todi 13. 10 . those Brülimanas, who rero descended from Lokesvam. In my description of ho are of Alcirana, torritary round about 111H100I 44 Uighuling tumupuu... 01. Mladta is famous for small lake. They aro mostly on the castern an! western faces of the town, such as Jali-Nätli, Jiflini, Iringolár, kandali ar Bopchi. On the borders of this last is an old pleasant garden with some Muhammadan structure On tho bund of the Dingoial is trwa! Do Bourbon, a Frenchman, captain of infantry, wounds in the verring of Blaharijä Scindia on the 11th September 1790 and died in consequence or the 16th idim, aged sixty.onc. The inscription is in French on a while marile slal. This battlo nas ſought near Media in A. D. 1790 bctrees the Marafia and tho Rátho!s. D. R, BHANDARKAR, Arxistadt Saperintendent, Archr!onical Survey. Poona, 3011 June 1910. Yotern Circle ·64 List of public libraries, etc., to which copies of the Archæological Survey Reports, New Imperial Series, including the Director- General's Annual Report, Part II, and the Provincial Annual Reports of the Superintendents are regularly supplied. Number of copies to be supplied. Number. Designation. 1.COUNTRIES OUTSIDE INDIA, United Kingdom. 1 1 1 2 3 4 pored 1 1 . .. 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 w we had wood paned the .. .. ... ... British Museum Library, Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury, London Bodleian Library, Oxford London University Library, Imperial Institute, London, S. W. *Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 3, Hanover Sq., London, . Cambridge University Library, Cambridge Edinburgh Edinburgh Glasgow Glasgow Aberdeen Aberdeen Trinity College Library, Ďublin Folklore Society, 11, Old Square Lincoln's Inn, London, W. C. National Art Library, South Kensington Museum, London' Royal Institute of British Architects, 9, Conduit Street, Hanover Square, London, W. Advocates' Library, Edinburgh The Royal Library, Windsor Castle, Berks Royal Society, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London Royal Society, Edinburgh Royal Irish Academy, 19, Dawson Street, Dublin National Library of Ireland, Leinster House, Kildare Street, Dublin Royal Asiatic Society, 22, Albemarle Street, London Society of Antiquaries of London, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London, W. Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh, Scotland Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, National Museum of Antiquities Queen Street, Edinburgh Imperial Institute, London Indian Institute, Oxford Society for Protection of Ancient Buildings, 10, Buckingham Street, Adelphi, London, W. C. The Royal Academy of Arts, Burlington House, London Society for the promotion of Hellenic Studies, London ..) 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1. ... ... Op 1 1 1 . 23 24 25 . • 1 1 1 26 27 ... France. . 28 29 30 Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris Institute de France, Paris Musée Guimet, 7, Place d'Iéna, Paris The Societe Asiatique, 1 Rue d'Seine, Paris Germany. 1 1 1 1 31 .6 I. 32 . 33 1 1 1 ... Bibliothek der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, Halle (Saale), Germany Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin *Royal Museum for Ethnology, Berlin *Königliche Gesellschaft der Wissenchaften zu Göttingen, Göttingen Gerinany Kgl. Preussiche Akademieder Wissenschaften W. 35, Pots damerstrasse, 120, Berlin 34 35 ... 1 ++ 36 1 ... Austria. 37 .. ... Imperial Academy of Sciences, Vienna • Hungerian Academy, Buda-Pesth 38 1 3 .. * Director-General's Report, Part II, ·65 Namber Designation. Namber of Coplas to be supplied 89 40 42 42 43 1.-COUNTRIES OUTSIDE INDIA-continued. Italy. Biblioteca Nazionale, Vittorio Emanuele, Rome R. Biblioteca Nazionalo Centrale di Firenze British School at Rome American School of Classical Stadies at Rome *The Societa Asiatica Italiana, Firenze .. Other Countries in Europe. + Holland St. Petersburg, 1 45 48 In Rossia 47 48 40 50 Ulul suvy ulv1912, sua, muul 51 Christiania, Norway 59 British School" at Athens, Greece 83 La Société Archéologique d'Athénes, Athens, Greece America. 1-09! T.-L.- Cined V--11---- N.-- T.S.A. 54 65 2 1 57 . British Colonies. 58 The Bluseum, Canterbury, New Zealand ... ... . 80 01 62 63 6) 65 €6 ARANHA lia d. Straits Branch, Royal Asiatic Society, Singapore *North Obina Branch of Royal Asiatic Society, Shanghai Aaseam of Arabic Art, Cairo, Egypt ... Foreign Colonies, Directeur de l'Ecole Française d'extrême Orient, Hanoi *** 67 68 09 70 Na nterior, Manila 500 II.-INDIA. (1) Imperial. Imperial Library, Calcutta Indiap Museum, Calcutta *Press Room, Calcutta and Simla .. 1 2 3 1 1 1 . ... . • Director General's Report, Part II. B 640_17 ·63 Muinber of copics to be supplied Nombor. Desiguntivo. II.-INDIA-continued. (2) Provincial. Madras, مسم ... ... t.. ... 5 6 7 Secretariat Library, Fort St. Georgo University Library, Madras Public Library, Madras Presidency College, Madras School of Art, Madras Government Central Museum, Madras Christian College Library, Dladras 1 1 1 1 1 1 ... 8 9 10 Bombay. 11 12 13 14 1 1 1 ... Secretarint Library, Bombay University Library, Bombay Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Town Hall, Bombay School of Art, Bombay The College of Science, Poona Sassoon Mechanics’ Instituto Library, Bombay DIcchanics' Institute, Karachi, Sind 1 ... ... 15 10 17 1 1 1 Bengal. ... 13 20 21 22 Secretariat Library, Writers' Buildings, Calcutta University Library, The Senate House, Calcutta Presidency College Library, 1, Colloge Square, Calcutta Sanskrit College Library, 1, College Square, Calcutta Asiatic Society of Bengal, 57, Park Street, Calcutta 1 1 1 1 1 ... United Provinces, 23 24 25 26 27 28 23 ... Secretariat Library, P. W. D., Allahabad University Library, Allābábad Pablic Library, Allābūbad Provincial Museum Library, Lucknow Sanskrit College, Benares Thomason College, Roorkee Archäological Museum, Mutra 1 1 1 1 Ito 1 1 Punjab. 30 1 31 ... ... 32 ... Secretariat Library, Public Works Department, Lahore Punjāb Public Library, Lahore Museum Library, Lahore University Library, Lahore Government College Library, Lahore ... Delhi Museum and Institute, Delhi 1 1 1 1 1 4... 33 34 35 ... ... ... North-West Frontier Province. 36 37 . Secretariat Library, Peshawar *Museum Library, Peshā var 1 1 ... ... Burma, 19 . 38 39 40 Secretariat Library, Rangoon The Bernard Free Library, Rangoon The Phayre Museum, Rangoon 1 1 1 * Director General's Report, Part II, ·67 Number, Designation. Number of copies to be supplied 11.-INDIA-continued. Central Provinces. 41 Secre Museu! briry, Nagpur mary, Nagpar 1 ee. 1 Assam, 43 Secretariat Library, Shillong ... 1 . Coorg. The Chief Commissioner of Coorg's Library, Bangalore The Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore DO 1 45 NATIVE STATES. 46 Hyderabad. The Resident's Library, Hyderabad Central India. .. 1 47 49 49 1 1 1 ... .90 Library of the Agent to the Governor-General, Indore The Librarian, Dbar Museum Library, Dhår Rajkumar College, Indore Rajputana. Library of the Chief Commissioner and Agent to the Governor-General, Ajmer Collego Library, Ajmer Baroda, 50 51 tro Oxa . .. 52 53 1 DOO Library of the Resident at Baroda The Baroda Museum, Baroda Kathiawad. 1. ... 2 54 55 Watson Maseum, Rajkot Sır Bhagvatsinghji Library, Gondál . 0