·PUBLISHER'S NOTE. The works of the immortal poet Kalidasa are well known all over the world, and have been under great estimation of the scholars both Ori. ental and Occidental We were contemplating Since long to bring out the entire works of this renowned poet with Sanskrit Text and English translations separately as well as in two compact Volumes For this purpose we have selected some renowned English writers and translators like 'H H Wilson and C, H, Tawney whose translations we have re-edited with original Sanskrit text. The present volume is one of the Dramas of the Kalidas the "Shakespeare of India" named Malaviksgnimitram, which has been translated by a master-writer and master translator, Mr H. W. Tawney M A. This translation appeared in 1891, being published from Calcutta and was long out of print. As there was demand for th book we decided to re-print the same, under the editorship of Sri Rewa Prasad Dwivedi, M. A., Acharya, Govt. Sanskrit College, Raipur. To add to the utility of the book, we have besides adding text, side by side with the translation, given Introduction, Index of Slokas, and other useful matter. To it we have joined the original prefaces of the translator. We are confident enough that this book will prove of great interest 3 ·PUBLISHER'S NOTE V to the Sanskrit cum English Scholars, and as we have hurried up the printing, so that we may be able to produce it for exhibition in the Kalidasa Jayanti, coming shortly some mistakes, ifinadvertendly left out, will be forgiven by the readers To suit the pocket of all and sundry we have priced the book very moderately, inspite of high rates of paper and printing We hope the readers will appreciare our effort in this direction, and wi'l make further suggestions, for its improvement which will be welcomed and considered at the time of taking out the new edition.

·PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. I have received so many applications for copies of my translation of the Málavíkágnimitra that I have at last made up my mind to republish it. I have based the present edition on the text of Shankar Pandurang Pandit's second edition, and I have almost invariably followed his explanations I desire here to acknowledge generally my obligations to his notes, I also take this opportunity of thankfully acknowledging his courtesy in sending me advance copies of the text and notes of his second edition I have also referred occasionally to the elaborate edition of Friederich Bollensen (Leipzig, 1879). Of course the present edition of my translation, like the former, is strictly in usum tironum, and I shall be quite satisfied, if I find that it has contributed to lighten the labours of some of the students of our Indian Universities, Calcutta, August 1891 ·PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION The following translation is intended for use of persons beginning the study of Sanskrit literature The admirable edition of this play by Shankar Pandit, MA, forming No VI. of the Bombay Sanskrit Series, will hardly meet the needs of the t270 Professor Wcber's German translation was made from a faulty text and it is possible that many who take up the study of Sanskrit may not be familiar with German. There seems therefore to be an opening for an English translation sufficiently literal to assist beginners in unravelling the difficulties of the Sanskrit text The number of students who master the rudiments of Sanskrit is increasing every day. A knowledge of the grammar of this language is indispensable to the student of Comparative Philology, and whatever may be thought of the abstract merits of Sanskrit literature, it must always have its value for Englishmen who have chosen an Indian career, as throwing a flood of light upon the social customs and modes of thought of the more cultivated classes of modern Hindů society. The Malavikáznimitra furnishes us with a vivid picture of a native court in the most flourishing period of Indian history, probably about the third ·PREFACE V11 century after Christ. An attempt was indeed made by the late Professor Wilson to show that the play could not have been written before the tenth or eleventh century, and was therefore not the work of the great Kálıdása His objections, which rest solely upon internal evidence?, have been fully refuted by Weber, whose arguments are reproduced in Shankar Pandit's edition, and fortified with some additional proofs. So far from the internal evidence being against the traditional belief that the play is the work of the great Kálidása, a great many coincidences of style and thought between this and the other works attri. buted to him are pointed out by the abovementioned scholars Indeed, Wilson in his acccount of the play supplies us with some arguments in favour of its antiquity, though he finally decides against it, I confess it seems to me difficult to understand how a critic who places Bhava. bhâtı in the eighth century, can have assigned so late a date to the Malavikágnimitra With reference to Bhavabhûtı, Wilson observes? "The date thus given to the compositions of "Bhavabhūti is quite in accordance with their "internal evidence The manners are purely “Hindoo, without any foreign admixture The "appearance of women of rank in public, and "their exemption from any personal restraint in 1. There is not the same melody in the verse nor fancy in the thoughts - Wilson's Hindoo Theatre Vol II , 346. 2 Hindoo Theatre, Vol II ·V111 PREFACE "stheir own habitations, are very incompatible "with the presence of Mahometan rulers. The "licensed existence of Bauddha ascetics, their "access to the great, and their employment as Steachers of science, are other peculiarities cha- "racreristic of an early date, which the worship of < Śiva in his terrific forms, and the prevalence "of the practices of the Yoga, are indications of sa simular tendency Now it is curious that in the Malavıkágnimitra we find a female Buddhist ascetic held in great honour, who speaks Sanskrit, ard not Prakrit (the ordinary dialect of women in the Indian plays even of queens), is apparently acquainted with the theory and practice of medicine, and is usually addressed as "learned" or skreverend, It is indeed an objection to the historical truth of the play that Pushpamitra was according to Buddhist accounts a zealous persecutor of Buddhists. But it does not follow that his son Agni. mitra was hostile to the Buddhists, indeed, he may have quarrelled with his father upon this very ground : (see the expression ngataroshachetrosa p. 107, line 11, of the Bombay edition, ? ) besides, it is not necessary to our position to suppose that the author possessed accurate infor- 1 This is a conjecture of my own Shankar Pandit sup poses he may have been angry because his son was sent to guard the horse ·PREFACE, 1X mation with respect to the history of the kings of the Sunga dynasty, which fiourished so long before the date assigned by modern scholars to the great Kalıdása. Śiya is invoked in the Mala vikágnimitra, though we have no trace of the bloody worship of his consort Kálı, of which we read in the works of Bhavabhůli, and which is generally believed to be of comparatively modern origin. As for the diction of our play, it is free from the long and involved compounds and dark conceits" which puzzle the student of Bhavabhūti's works, and is throughout fresher and more natural than the style of that poet Those who are notconvinced by the arguments of Weber and Shankar Pandit that the play was composed by the author of the Sakuntala will, I think, admit on reading it, that it furnishes us with a genuine description of Hindů society before the Mahometan invasion. For this reason it has an abiding historical though no one would, of course, think of comparing it in this respect with the Mrichchhakatı, which reveals to us strata of Hindu society, that were apparently beneath the notice of the author of the courtly Malavikágnimitra I now proceed to extract from the second volume of Lassen's Indische Alterthumskunde an account of the Sunga dynasty of kings of which Pushpamitra was the founder:- ·PREFACE "After the death of Asoka the vast dominions “of the Maurya1 kings broke up into three king- "doms The first was in Magadha, the kings of "which have been already mentioned The second was that of Jaloka, which included a great part of North-Wescern India as well as Kaśmira He “is no doubt identical with the Indian king, called (by the Greeks Sophagasenos, who was a con- Stemporary of Antiochus the great, and renewed "with him the treaty which his forefathers had "made. "The third kingdom of the Maury as probably "embraced a part of the south-western provinces "of the original kingdom, as its kings are men- "tioned as successors of Kunála, who was Viceroy in Takshasılá and Gandhára. “After the death of his father, Sam padi must "have declared himself independent, and a strug- "gle probably arose between the three brothers, "in which Jaloka was victorious, and obtained the "greater part of his father's kingdom Suyasas "secured the eastern' Sampadi the south western portion He probably transferred the seat of his “sovereignty to Vidiśá at any rate this city appears as the capital of the succeeding dynasty "of þunga kings. 1 Said to be derived from Murá, the mother of Chandragupta, the first Maurya king ·PREFACE. X1 "We possess some information about Push- "pamitra' the founder of this dynasty in a Budd- "hist work, and also in the drama Málavíkágni- "mitra The Puranas only inform us that he was "the general of the last Maurya Brihadratha, "whom he deprived of his throne and his life In "the Buddhist work we are told that he was the "last of the Mauryas, and that his predecessor "was called Pushyadharman The first statement "is of course a mistake, the second may be sup- “posed to be correct, as the name could scarcely "have been invented. According to the drama the "capital of his son Agnimitra was Vidiśá, so we "are perhaps justified in supposng that he was "originally in the service of Pushyadharman, and "that after usurping his throne, he deprived the “king of Magadha of his sovereignty The fact that in another account which we shall proceed "to lay before our readers, he is represented as "reigning at Pátalıputra need not surprise us in this account he is supposed to belong to the “Maurya dynasty “We are told in the drama that, intending to "perform the horse-sacrifice, he let loose a horse, "which, as it was wandering along the right bank "of the Indus was carried off by a squadron of "Yavana cavalry, but rescued by its guard under "Vasumitra 1, According to Mr Fleet, who quotes Professor Weber as agreeing with him, the name should be spelled Pushyamitra See "Corpus Inscriptionum Iudicarum," Vol III , P 55 a 1891 ·X11 PREFACE 6 "We cannot of course be certain whether this was the real cause of the quarrel or not, but so much is clear, that Pushpamitra came into "icollision with the Greeks on the bank of the "Indus. As he ascended the throne in 178 B C, "this struggle must have taken place in the reign of Eukratides According to the account in the "drama, it took place under the rule of his son * Agnimitra, whose general he was, but this is 'contrary both to Brahmanical and Buddhist ' accounts, and the truth probably is that during 'the latter years of his reign he associated his son with himself as partner in the empire Much more important is another event of his life, of 56 which we possess an account From it, it is shevident that he was stirred up by the Brahmans "to persecute the Buddhists , in other words, that "a great change took place in the views of the "mightiest Indian prince of the time, and produced "Its natural results The incident to which I allude “is narrated in the following way Pushpamitra rummoned a council of his ministers and asked "them what was the best course for him to adopt hin order to obtain undying glory They remin- "ded him of the example of his predecessor Asoka, swho made the 84 thousand proclamations of the blaw, and whose fame would last as long as the "law of Bhagavati prevailed The King answersed that he preferred some other means of "making himself famous, and applied to a Hinda 1 This word here is equivalent to Buddha ·PREFACE X111 3 purohita,who recommended him to suppress Bud- "dhism by force The King adopted the sugges- "tion, and went with a force composed of all four "arms to Kuttu káráma in the vicinity of Patalı- 'putra, with the firm determination of destroying the law of Bhagavat Ihree times, when on the "very threshold of the whara, he was deterred "by the roar of a lion from carrying out his intenústion, and returned to the city without effecting "anything, At last he summoned a meeting of "the inmates of the monastery, and informed them "that he intended to destroy the law of Buddha, "and asked them which they would choose, the "destruction of the vrhóra, or that of the stuz a “They preferred to leave the place, the King "then uttery destroyed the vahávu, and massacred "all its inhabitants. He then moved on to śákala, swhere he proclained that whoever brought in (the head of a śramana* should receive a hunsidred gold pieces One of these offered his own "head to the murderers, in order to save the law "and the lives of the other Arhats 5 When the “King heard this, he gave orders that every "Arhat that province should be put to "death, but he subsequently met with so much opposition that he longer continued his 1 Viz, cavalry, intantv, clephants, and archers, 2 buddhist convent 3 4 hind of tumulus erected over relics of the great Buddba (commonly called Tope) 4 Buddhist ascet.c 5 The highest rank in the Buddhist hierarchy. in no $ ·XIV PREFACE. "persecutions in this quarter, but turned off "to Koshtaka, and thence went towards the visouthern sea, near which he is said to have been "imprisoned by a Yaksha in a mountain together "with his whole army On account of the massacre sof the holy men he received the title of Munihata, "slayer of hermits This is the only account which we have of "his attempt to put down Buddhism It is at any "rate clear from this story that the Buddhists were so powerful at this time that the Brahmans, not "being able to overcome them by fair means, made use of their influence over a sovereign of stheir own religious persuasion to accomplish "their object by violent measures They must shave welcomed his assistance all the more gladly, shas according to the above account he was evidenhtly in possession of an extensive dominion, It "stands to reason that the King could only act "in this arbitrary manner in his own dominions, "we may therefore conclude that Śákalat and “Koshtaka were comprised in them The first "appears to have been the furthest limit of his "dominions in this direction, because we are told "that here he met with opposition. The only "objection to the story is, that at this time Eukra- "tides is said to have reigned as far as the “Vipáśá,' but this is removed by supposing that, 1 Sákala is in the Panjab beyond the Vitastá or Jhelum, the Hydáspes of the Greeks The Greeks called the town Sagala , Koshtaka is not mentioned elsewhere, 2 1 e, the Beeas ·महाकविकालिदासविरचितं मालविकाग्निमित्रम् प्रथमोऽङ्कः MĀLAVIKĀGNIMITRA. ACTI एकैश्वर्ये स्थितोऽपि प्रणतबहुफले य' स्वय कृत्तिवासा कान्तासंमिश्रदेहोऽप्यविषयमनसा य परस्ताद्यतीनाम् । अष्टाभिर्यस्य कृत्स्न जगदपि तनुभिर्बिभ्रतो नाभिमान' सन्मार्गालोकनाय व्यपनयतु स वस्तामसी वृत्तिमीश. ॥ १ ॥ NĀNDI . May that lord who, though established in sole supi macy, from which result great blessings to his votarje himself wears the garment of skin, who, though his bod 1S united with that of his beloved,is at the head of a cetics whose minds are averted from outward objects in whom there is no arrogance, though he supports th whole world with his eight forms may he, I say,cremor 1. In Siva's case, the skin of a panther Skin garments wE characteristic of ascetics Sıva and Pārvatī are one individual, the left portion of who is female, and the right male (Shankar Pandit) Accordıng to Profesi Weber, this fact is first mentioned by Bardesanes, who derived it from t members of Indian embassy to Heliogabalus For purastād, Tārānāt and Kātayavema give parastad, who surpasses, &c 3 The eight forms are earth, water, fire, wind sky, sun, moon, a pasupati, or lord of animals The last is sometimes given as Yagama which appears to mean "a person who employs priests to perform Sacrificer Weber gives the last form as the Brahman caste The R KM Banerjea observes, that originally it meant "a eelebrant," now spiritual elient »--Bengal Magazine for September 1874 ·(2) ( नान्द्यन्ते) मूत्रधार - ( नेपथ्याभिमुखमवलोक्य ) मारिष | इतस्तावत् । ( sfazu ) पारिपाश्चिक-भाव । अयमस्मि । सूत्रधार -अभिहितोऽस्मि विद्वत्परिषदा कालिदासग्रथितवस्तु मालविकाग्नि- मित्रं नाम नाटकमस्मिन्वसन्तोत्सवे प्रयोक्तव्यमिति । तदारभ्यता सगीतम् । our state of darkness in order that we muy behold the peifect way 3 Here ends the Nandi 3 Enters the Murugen Munaga (looking towurds the curtain),-Actu1,4 come here for a moment Enters Actor Actor --Sır, here I am Manager -I have received the following order from the spectators “You must act at this spring festival a play named Malavikāgnimitra, composed by Kālıdāsa," therefore let the representation be begun 1 Tārānātha, Katayavema, and Bollensen read vas for nas, your state, &e. 2 The way of moksha, or liberation 3. Taranatha observes that this Nindı is irreguar It ought to have eight or twelve lines 4 Called pari parfurka, or assistant The manager (sūtradhura) addresses him by the title of marisha He uses bhava as a term of respect in addressing his master-(SPP) 5 Literally, the whole busintss or plot of which was composed The "spring festival” of course corresponds to the modern Holi festival Rollensen inserts 'nava before ºrasantotsave, this festival at the beginning of spring.

·( 3 ) पारिपाश्विक -मा तावत्, प्रथितयशसा भाससौमिल्लककविपुत्रादीना प्रबन्धा- नतिक्रम्य वर्तमानकवे. कालिदासस्य क्रियाया कथ बहुमान ? सूत्रधार -अयि । विवेकनस्तमभिहितम् । पश्य पुराणमित्येव न साधु सर्व, न चापि काव्यं नवमित्यवद्यम् । सन्त परीक्ष्यान्यतरद्भजन्ते, मूढ. परप्रत्ययनेयबुद्धि ॥२॥ पारिपाश्चिक -आर्यमिधा प्रमाणम् । सूत्रधार - तेन हि त्वरता भवान् । शिरसा प्रथमगृहीतामाज्ञामिच्छामि परिपद् कर्तुम् । देव्या इव धारिण्या सेवादक्ष परिजनोऽयम् ॥३॥ . Actor -Not so, I piay Why do the spectatois pass over the compositions of famous poets, like the honoured barils Bhāsa, Suumilla, Kavipulia and others, and do such great honour to the work of Kālıdāsa, a modern poet? Manager —Ah' your remark is wanting in critical acumen Observe! Every old poem is not good because it is old, nor is every new poem to be blamed because it is new , sound ciitics, after examination, choose one or the ocher, the blockhead must have bis judgment guided by the knowledge of his neighbours Actor - The honourable spectatos are the best judges Managen --Then make haste I long to perform the oi der of the spectators which I received some time ago with I Pandit Tūrāmatha Tarkavachaspati reads Dhāvaka Saumilla, Kaviputra, and others Dhāvaka was, according to Mammata Bhatta, the author of the Ratnāvali and Nāgānanda , but his avarice induced him to forego the honour of their authorship in favour of Harsha Deva, King of Kashmir, who lived at the beginning of the 12th century Bollensen reads Bhasaka for Dhāvaka In his preface he quotes Dr Fitz-Edward Hall as saying that Bh saka or Bhāsa lived in the 7th century. -- ·( 4 ) ( इति निष्कान्तौ) इति प्रस्तावना । ( तत प्रविशति बकुलावलिका ) बकुलावलिका-प्राणतम्हि देवीए वारिणीए-अइरप्पउत्तोवदेसं छलिन णाम णट्टा अदरेण कोरिसी मालविनत्ति पट्टामरिन अजगणदास पुच्छिदु। ता दाव सगीदसाल गच्छम्हि । [आज्ञप्तास्मि देव्या धारिण्या-अचिरप्रवृत्तोपदेश चलित नाम नाट्यमन्तरेण कीदृशी मालविकेति नाट्याचार्यमार्यगरणदासं प्रष्टुम् । तस्मात्तावत्सगीतशाला गच्छामि।] ( इति परिक्रामति ) ( तत प्रविशत्याभरणहस्ता कौमुदिका ) bowed head, even as this servant of the Queen Dhārınī, skıful in attendance, longs to perform hei order [Foreunt Actors End of the Introductory drulogue ? Enters a female servant Female servant _I am ordered by the Queen Dhāiinī to ask the teacher of dancing, the noble Ganadāsa, what degree of proficiency Mālavikā has attained in the dance called Chalata, in which she has receatly been receiving instruction Therefore, let me enter the music-hall Wrth these words she walls round) Entors another female servant, with an ornament in her hand 1 Dhärıni is the koupidin aloxos liable to be supplanted or supplemented at any time by an efauperoy dopnpa 2 Skr prastavana, which Monier Williams explains by prologue The Sanskrit dramatists made much use of these Euripidean devices 3. Tārānātha and Bollensen ¢11-the dance chhalıkam, ·( 5 ) - I वकुलावलिका-( कौमुदिका दृष्ट्वा ) हला कोमुदीए | कुदो दे दारिंण इअं धीरदा, ज समीवेण वि अदिकमती इदो दिट्टि ण देसि ? [ सखि कौमुदिने । कुतस्त इदानीमिय धीरता, यत्समीपेनाप्यतिकामन्तीतो दृष्टि न ददासि ? ] कौमुदिका-अम्हो बउलावलिया। सहि । देवीए इद सिप्पिसमासादो पाणीद रणाममुद्दासणाह अगुलीन सिद्धि णिज्झाप्रती तुह उवालभे पडिदम्हि । [अहो बकुलावलिका। सखि । देव्या इद शिल्पिसकाशादानीत नागमुद्रासनाथ- मडगुलीयक स्निग्ध निध्यायन्ती तवोपालम्भे पतितास्मि । ] बकुलावलिका--( विलोक्य ) ठाणे सजदि दिट्टी। इमिणा अगुलीमएण उभिएणकिरणकेसरेण कुसुमिदो विन दे अग्गहत्थो पडिभादि । [स्थाने सजति दृष्टि । अनेनागुलीयकेनोद्भिन्नकिरणकेसरेण कुसुमित इव तेऽग्रहस्त प्रतिभाति।] कौमुदिका-हला । कहिं पत्थिदा सि ? । [ सखि | कुत्र प्रस्थितासि ? ] बकुलावलिका-देवीए एव्व वअण्ण रणट्टामरिन अजगणदासं पुच्छिदूं 'उवदेसग्गहणे कीरिसी मालविन ?' ति। [ देव्या एव वचनेन नावाचार्यमार्य- गरणदास प्रष्टुम्-'उपदेशग्रहणे कीडशी मालविका ?' इति । ] Frist f«male scrvant (having scen the second) –Halloo ! Kaumudikā! Why are you so pre-occupied that, though you pass close to me, you do not cast a glance in my direction ? Second female servant --Why, bless my soul, here is Vakulāvalıkā My friend, I was contemplating this beautiful ring of the Queen's with a seal on which a snake is engraved, which I have just brought from the jeweller's, and so I came to merit your reproof Vakulavalıkā (observing it) --It is meant that your gaze should be riveted on it By means of this ring, from which a stream of 1ays bieaks forth, the extremity of youi hand appears, as it were, to be in blossom Kaumudikā -Come now, where are you going? Vakulavalika -I am going by the orders of the Queen to ask the noble Ganadāsa, the teacher of dancing, what sort of pupil Mālavika has shewn herself ·( 6 ) । कौमुदिका-सहि । इरिसेण वावारण असणिहिदा । कह भट्टिणा दिट्टा ? [ सखि | ईदृशेन व्यापारेणासंनिहितापि सा कथ भर्ना इष्ट ?] बकुलावलिका-पा, सो जणो देवीए पास्सगदो चित्ते दिट्टो। [आम्, स जनो देव्याः पार्श्वगतश्चित्रे दृष्ट ।] कौमुदिका-कहं विन ? । [कथमिव ?] बकुलावलिका-सुणाहि, चित्तसाल गदा देवी जदा पञ्चग्गवएणरानं चित्तलेह प्रामारिअस्स पालोअती चिट्ठदि, तस्सि अतरे भट्टा अ उवट्ठिदो। [शृणु, चित्रशाला गता देवी यदा प्रत्यग्रवर्णरागा चित्रलेखामाचार्यस्यालोकयन्ती तिष्ठति, तस्मिन्नन्तरे भर्ता चोपस्थित 1] कौमुदिका-तदो तदो ? [ ततस्तत ?] बकुलावलिका- तदो अ उवाराणतर एक्कासणोवविट्टेण भट्टिणा चित्तगदाए देवीए परिप्रणमझगद प्रासगणदारिन देक्खिन देवी पुच्छिदा । ततश्चोपचारान- न्तरमेकासनोपविष्टेन भी चित्रगताया देव्या परिजनमव्यगतामासन्नदारिका दृष्ट्वा देवी पृष्टा । Kaumudikā --Friend, though kept out of the way by such an employment, she was seen, they say, by the King Vakulāvalıkca --Yes, the gul was scen at the Queen's side in a picture Kuumudikā-How did that come about ? L'akulāvalıkā - Listen! The Queen had gone to the hall of painting, and was looking at a picture of the diawingmastci's on which the hues of the colouring were still fresh, at that very moment in came the King Kaumudikā—What happened then ? Vahutāvalika-Then, after the customary salutation, the King sat down on the same seat with the Queen, and beholding Malavikā in the midst of the Queen's attendants in the painting and very near to her, he asked the Queen- 1 Tarānātha and Bollensen omit kila and read katham drishtā Their reading would mean, “How comes it that Mālavıkā, though hept out of the way by such an employment has been seen by the King ?

·( 7 ) कौमुदिका-किं विन ? [ किमिव ?] बकुलावलिका-अपुव्वा इनं दारित्रा प्रासपणा अ देवीए प्रालिहिदा किरणामहेअ ति । [ अपूर्वेय दारिका प्रासन्ना च देव्या आलिखिता किनामधेयेति । कौमुदिका-प्राकिदिविसेसेसु प्रामरो पद करेदि । तदो तदो? । [प्राकृति- विशेषेष्वादर पद करोति । ततस्तत ?।] बकुलावलिका -- तदो अवहीरिप्रवणो भट्टा सकिदो देवी पुणो पुणो वि अणुबधिदु पवुत्तो। तदो जाव देवी ण कहेदि दाव कुमारीए वसुलच्छीए प्रामक्खिद- वृत्त । एसा मालवि अत्ति । [ ततोऽवधीरितवचनो भर्ता शङ्कितो देवी पुन पुनरप्यनुबन्धु प्रवृत्त । ततो यावद्देवी न कथयति तावत्कुमार्या वसु- लक्ष्म्याख्यातम्-प्रावुत्त । एषा मालविकेति । ] कौमुदिका-( सस्मितम् ) सरिसं खु वालभानस्स । अदो वरं कहेहि । [ सदृश खलु बालभावस्य । अत परं कथय । बकुलावलिका-कि अएणं? संपद मालविया सविसेसं भट्टिणो दसण- पहादो रक्खीअदि। [किमन्यत् ? साप्रतं मालविका सविशेष भर्तुर्दर्शन- पथाद्रक्ष्यते ।] Kumudikā- What, I pray ? Vakulāvulzka “What is the name of this girt, that I have not seen befoie, standing near you in the painting Kaumudikā— Admiration naturally follows forms of Surpassing loveliness What happened then ? Vakulāvalıkā~Then the King, finding that no attention was paid to his question, began to importune the Queen again, but the Queen gave no Thereupon the Princess Vasulakshmi said-My brother-in-law, this is Malayıkā unsivel Tell me Kaumudika_That is child-nature all over what happened next Vakulāvaleka-What else than this ? Malavikā is now kept with especial care out of the iange of the King's eyes ·( 8 ) । गणदास'-कामं कौमुदिका-हला | अणुचिट्ठ अत्तणो णिप्रोत्र । अह वि एवं अंगुलीमनं देवीए उवरणइस्सं । [ सखि | अनुतिष्ठात्मनो नियोगम् । अहमप्येतदङ्गुलीयकं देव्यै उपनेष्यामि । ] ( इति निष्क्रान्ता) बकुलावलिका-(परिक्रम्यावलोक्य ) एसो गट्टाभरिमो अजगणदासो संगीद- सालादो रिणग्गच्छति । जाव से अत्तारणं दसेमि । [ एष नावाचार्य आर्यगणदास संगीतशालातो निर्गच्छति । यावदस्मा प्रात्मान दर्शयामि । ] ( इति परिक्रामति) (प्रविश्य ) खलु सर्वस्यापि कुलविद्या बहुमता। न पुनरस्माकं नाट्य प्रति मिथ्यागौरवम् । तथा हि देवानामिदमामनन्ति मुनय शान्तं क्रतुं चाक्षुषं रुद्रेणेदमुमाकृतव्यतिकरे स्वाङ्गे विभक्त द्विधा । त्रैगुण्योद्भवमत्र लोकचरित नानारस दृश्यते नाट्य भिन्नरुचेर्जनस्य बहुधाप्येक समाराधनम् ॥ ४॥ Kaumudikā-- Come now, go and do your eriand I, too, will give the ring to the Queen [Exit Kaumudika Vakulāvalska (walking round and looking about) --Here is the teacher of dancing, the noble Ganadāsa, coming out of the music hall let me shew myself to him Enters Ganadasa Ganadāsa--Although every one of course, thinks most of his own hereditary loie, still the impoitance I attach to dancing is not without foundation, how can it be? Sages say that this is a pleasing sacrificial feast to the eyes of the gods, being exhibited in two different ways by Śiva in his body which is blended with that of Uma , in it is seen the The style of dancing invented by Parvati (confined, according to Monie* Williams, to attitude and gesticulation, with a shuffling motion OF the feet seldom lifted from the ground), is called Lasya It is opposed to Tanilava the morc boisterous style of dance of Siva and his followers 1 ·(9) बकुलावलिका-(उपेत्य) अज । वदामि । [आर्य । वन्दे । ] गणदास - भद्रे । चिर जीव । बकुलावलिका-अज्ज | देवी पुच्छदि,-अवि उवदेसग्गहणे णादिकिलिस्सदि वो सिस्सा मालविन ति। [आर्य । देवी पृच्छति,-अप्युपदेशग्रहणे नातिक्लेशयति व शिष्या मालविकेति । गणदास -भद्रे | विज्ञाप्यता देवी परमनिपुणा मेधाविनी चेति । कि बहुना, यद्यत्प्रयोगविषये भाविकमुपदिश्यते मया तस्यै । तत्तद्विशेषकरणात्प्रत्युपदिशतीव मे बाला ।।५।। बकुलावलिका-(प्रात्मगतम्) अदिक्कमति विन इरावदि पेक्खामि । (प्रका- शम्) किदत्था दारिणं वो सिस्सा, जस्सि गुरुअरणो एव्व तुस्सदि। [ अतिक्रामन्ती- मिवेरावती पश्यामि। कृतार्थेदानी व शिष्या, यस्या गुरुजन एवं तुष्यति।] behaviour of men arising from the three qualities, and distinguished by various sentiments, dancing is the one chief amusement of human beings, though their tastes aie different Vakulāvalıkā (adwancing) -Reverend Sir, I salute thee Ganadāsa-My good girl, may you live long Vakulāvalzká - Noble sii, the Queen wishes to know whether your pupil Mālavikā is not very tioublesome to teacha Ganadasa-Assure the Queen that Malavika is exceedingly clever and intelligent , to put the matter concisely, whatever movement expiessive of sentiment is taught by me to her in the way of acting, that the girl, as it were, teaches to me in return by improving upon it Vakulāvalıkā (to herself)-I seem to see her cutting out Irāvati ( (Aloud) Your pupil may be already considered a success since her instructor is so well satisfied with her 1 Goodnces, passion, and darkness 2 Tarinātha and Bollensen read nudıkılıssadı (=(natrhlisyatı), 1 e, does not your pupil find it too hard a task to learn, &c ·( 10 ) गणदास -भद्रे । तद्विधानामसुलभत्वात्पृच्छामि । कुतो देव्या तत्पात्र- मानीतम् । बकुलावलिका-अस्थि देवीए वररणावरो भादा वीरसेणो णाम । सो भट्टिणा गम्मदातीरे अतवालदुग्गे ठाविदो। तेण सिप्पाहिबारे जोग्गा इन दारिम त्ति भरिणम भइणीए देवीए उवाप्रणं पेसिदा। [अस्ति देव्या वर्णावरो भ्राता वीरमेनो नाम। स भर्ना नर्मदातीरेऽन्तपालदुर्गे स्थापित । तेन शिल्पाधि- कारे योग्येय दारिकेति भरिणत्वा भगिन्यै देव्यै उपायन प्रेषिता।] गणदास - (स्वगतम्) प्राकृतिविशेषप्रत्ययादेनामनूनवस्तुका सभावयामि । प्रकाशम्) भद्रे । मयापि यशस्विना भवितव्यम् । यत पात्रविशेषे न्यस्त गुणान्तर व्रजति शिल्पमाधातु । जलमिव समुद्रशुक्तौ मुक्ताफलतां पयोदस्य ।।६।। Ganadāsa --My good gul, you know people like hei are haid to find so I must ask you, whence this actress was brought to the Queen Takulāvulikā_The Queen has a brother of inferior caste, Vi.asena by name he has been placed he has been placed by the King in command of a frontiel fortress on the banks of the Mandakini He sent this girl as a present to his sister, thinking her just the soit of person to leain accomplishments Ganadāsa (to himself)-Fiom het distingnished appearance I conjecture that she is of high birth (Aloud) My good girl, I am certainly destined to become famous I have adopted Bollensen's vicw of the meaning of patram Foucaux has cette perle, 11 , such a jewel, such a choice attendant The Mandakini here probably means the Narmadā (Nerbudda) One of the Bombay manuscripts reads the Prakut equivalent of Narmadā Bollensen reads antarala for antapala He considers that the word means the uninhabited and uncultivated interval between two states, and quotes Cæsar BG VI 23, to show that a similar custom existed among the ancient Gurmans 3 Bolensen inserts vincja Letween ahırtz and prat, ayud, from her beauty and modesty kātayavuma suums to take it, “I think that she is of noble character » 1 2 ·( 11 ) बकुलावलिका-अज्ज | कहिं दारिण वो सिस्सा ? [प्रायं । कुत्रेदानी व. शिष्या? ] गणदास -इदानीमेव पञ्चाङ्गाभिनयमुपदिश्य मया विश्रम्यतामित्यभिहिता दीपिकावलोकनगवाक्षगता प्रवातमासेवमाना तिष्ठति । वकुलावलिका-तेण हि पुणो अणुजाणादु म प्रज्जो। जाव से अजस्स परितोसणिवेदणेण उस्साह वड्ढेमि । [ तेन हि पुनरनुजानातु मामार्य । यावदस्या आर्यस्य परितोषनिवेदनेनोत्साहं वर्धयामि । गणदासः-दृश्यता सखी। अहमपि लब्धक्षण स्वगृहं गच्छामि । ( इति निष्क्रान्तौ) इति मिश्रविष्कम्भक । Obseive, the skill of the teacher, when communicated to a worthy object, attains gieater excellence, as the water of a cloud, when dropped into a sea-shell, acquires the nature of a pcarl Vukulāvulikā -- Well, where is youi pupil ? Ganadāsu -Having just now taught her the five-limb movement I told her to iest, and so she has gone to the window that commands a view of the artificial lake, and is enjoying the fresh bieeze Talulavalela -Then, s11, give me leave to depart, in odci that I may stimulate her zeal by informing her that hei teachei is satisfied with her Ganadasa -Go and see youi friend I, too, as I have got an inteival of leisure will go home Exeunt Ganadāsa and Vakulāvulikā Here ends the Vishkambhaka 3 i Refering to the notion that drops of water fallen into sea shella under the influence of the star Arcturus become pearls (Shankar Pandit) 2 In which the mind, eye, eyebrow, feet, and hands are employed equally (Tarānātha) It is also explained as a moviment consisting of five parts, two of which are singing and dancing 8 In interlude or intioductory scent coming between the acts and performed by an interior actor or actors who explain to the audience the progress of the plot, and thus bind firmly together the stoi y of the drama ·( 12 ) (तत प्रविशत्येकान्तस्थितपरिजनो मन्त्रिणा लेखहस्तेनान्वास्यमानो राजा) राजा-(अनुवाचितलेखममात्यं विलोक्य) वाहतक । किं प्रतिपद्यते वैदर्भ ? । आमात्य-देव । आत्मविनाशम् । राजा-सदेमिदानी श्रोतुमिच्छामि । अमात्य - इदमिदानीमनेन प्रतिलिखितम् । पूज्येनाहमादिष्ट "भवत पितृव्यपुत्र' कुमारो माधवमेन प्रतिश्रुतसवन्धो ममोपान्तिकमुपसर्पन्नन्तरा त्वदी- येनान्तपालेनावस्कन्ध गृहीत । स त्वया मदपेक्षया सकलत्रसोदर्या मोक्तव्य' इति । एतन्ननु वो विदितम्-यत्तुल्याभिजनेषु राज्ञा वृत्ति । अतोऽत्र मध्यस्थ पूज्यो भवितुमर्हति । सोदर्या पुनरस्य ग्रहणविप्लवे विनष्टा, तदन्वेषणाय प्रयतिष्ये । अथवा, अवश्यमेव माधवसेनो मया पूज्येन मोचयितव्य , श्रूयतामभिसधि,- मौर्यसचिव विमुञ्चति यदि पूज्य सयतं मम श्यालम् । मोक्ता माधवसेनस्ततो मया बन्धनात्सद्य ||७|| इति । Then the King 28 discovered with his retinu' standing apart, and attended by the Minister seated behind him with a letter en h28 hand e- King (looking at the Minister who has read the letter) Vahataka, what does the King of Vidar bha. say in reply? Marrester -He gives an answer, which will involve his . own destiuction King-I want to hear his dispatch at once Minister-He has on the present occasion sent the following answer “My royal biother has informed me, that my cousin, Prince Madhavasena, who had promised by concisely alluding to what has happened in the intervals of the acts or is likely to happen at the end (Monier Williams) Tarānātha calls the present a migra vishhambhaka, or mixed vishkambhaka, as it is performed by one actor of medium, and two of inferior, dignity ·( 13 ) to enter into a matiimonial alliance with my royal brother, while proceeding to his court, was on the way attacked by one of my wardens of the maiches and taken prisoner This man, with his wife and sister, I am required to set free out of regurds for my royal biother Does my royal brother then not know that the conduct of kings towards kings who belong to the same family should be like that of the earth? ? He should, therefore, be impartial in this matter As for the Prince's sister, she disappeared in the confusion of the capture I will do my utmost to find her Now, if my royal biothei wishes that Mādhavasena should be caused to be set at libcity without fail, let him attend to my fixed detei mination If my royal brother will set my brother in law Maui yasachiva free, whom he has imprisoned, then I will immediately ielease Mādhavasena from confinement These are the contents of the letter 1 That is to say, impartial Tär inatha reads tatra vo na viditam yat tulyabhrganeshu bhīmıdhareshu tajnam urattih In making this request my brother did not take into consideration what the custom of kings is with regard to their relations Weber, who appcars to have the same reading, supplies in a note, “and how hostile have accordingly become the relafions between me and my cousin » He compares the word bhratrzuyi, walei fon meaning originally sbrother s son” comes to mean “enemyss Compare also Bhartrıharı (Bombay Classical Saries) Nītiśatakam st 21, Inutzsche analenz kim? Rulations are worse than fire, on which the commentator observes dayaduh sahagarayah “Kinsmen are natural enemies " Such, with but few exceptions, has been the history of royal families in the East "An Amurath an Amurath succeeds, not Harry Harry" 2 Tāränātha reads äryasachivam--the noble minister Bollensen reads äryam sachivam Shankar Pandit observes - This (Mauryasachiva) is the name, according to the commentator, of the brother-in-law of the King of the Vidarbhas If that is not correct, and he was the Minister of the Maurya King of Pātalıputra, it seems probable that he was imprisoned by Agnimitra to prevent him from exciting the people to rebel against his (Agnimitra's), father, Pushpamitra, who had murdered the last of the Mauryas, Buihadratha, and usuroed his throne in his son's favour," ·( 14 ) राजा -(सरोषम्) कथं कार्यविनिमयेन मयि व्यवहरत्यनात्मज्ञ ?। वाह- तक । प्रकृत्यमित्र प्रतिकूलकारी च मे वैदर्भ । तद्यातव्यपक्षे स्थितस्य पूर्वसक- ल्पितममुन्मूलनाय वीरसेनप्रमुख दण्डचक्रमाज्ञापय । अमात्य-यदाज्ञापयति देव । राजा-अथवा किं भवान्मन्यते ? अमात्य-शास्त्रदृष्टमाह देवः अचिराधिष्ठितराज्य शत्रु प्रकृतिष्वरूढमूलत्वात् । नवसरोपणशिथिलस्तरुरिव सुकर समुद्धर्तुम् ॥८॥ राजा-तेन ह्यवितथं तन्त्रकारवचनम् । इदमेव वचन निमित्तमुपादाय समुद्योज्यता सेनाधिपति । King-TVhat ? does the foolish fellow picsume to bar gain with me about an exchange of sei vices Vāhata ka! the King of Vidarbha is my natural enemy, and sets himself in opposition to me therefore give orders, as before determined, to the division of the army under the command of Virasena to 100t him up, inasmuch as he is numbered among my foes 1 Minister -As the King commands King-Or what do you think about it yourself? Minister - Your Highness speaks in accordance with the trealises on policy For an enemy that has but lately entered upon his kingdom, because he has not taken root in the hearts of his subjects, is easy to extirpate, like a tree that is unsteady, because it has been only lately planted King --So may the saying of the wise compilers of trealises prove true * For this reason let the General be ordered to put his troops in motion 1 Literally, standing in the category of those that make themselves liable to be attacked (Shankar Pandit) 2 Bollensen thinks that the sentence should not be taken in an imperative sense Kātayavema supplies bhavishyati Foucaux translates sdam mimittam ādaya, en le prenant pour guide.

·( 15 ) MINS अमात्यः-तथा। (इति निष्क्रान्त) (परिजनश्च यथाव्यापार राजानमभित स्थित ) (प्रविश्य ) विदूषक -पारणत्तोम्हि ततहोदा रराणा-गोदम | चितेहि दाव उवा, जहा मे ज़दिच्छादिट्टप्पदिकिदी मालविया पच्चक्खदसणा होदि त्ति । मए अ तं तहा किद दाव से णिवेदेमि । [आज्ञप्तोऽस्मि तत्रभवता राज्ञा-गौतम | चिन्तय तावदुपाय, यथा मे यदृच्छादृष्टप्रतिकृतिलिविका प्रत्यक्षदर्शना भवतीति । मया च तत्तथा कृत तावदस्मै निवेदयामि । ] ( इति परिक्रामति ) राजा -( विदूषकं दृष्ट्वा ) अयमपर कार्यान्तरसचिवोऽस्मानुपस्थित । विदूषक -(उपगम्य ) वड्ढ्दु भव । [ वर्धता भवान् । ] Minister - It shall be donc [Exit Minister The retinuc remain stunding round the King in such an arrangement as the nature of their respective duties requires Enters the Vidishaka! mission Vedūshaka-His Highness gave me the following com- "Gautama, devise some expedient by which I may see face to fuce Mālavikā, whose picture I beheld by accident" Well I have done so, and will nowa infoım him of the fact ( (He walks round) King (seeing the Vidūshaka)- Here is another minister come to me, who superintends another department of my affairs Vediashaka - May your Highness prosper 1 The jocose friend and companion of the Brahman He is the Leporello of the Indian drama, ng He is always a ·( 16 ) राजा-( सशिर कम्पम् ) इत आस्यताम् । ( विदूषक उपविष्ट ) राजा-अपि किञ्चिदुपेयोपायदर्शने व्यापृत ते प्रज्ञाचक्षु ? विदूषक -पोप्रसिद्धि पुच्छ । [ प्रयोगसिद्धि पृच्छ । ] राजा-कथमिव ? विदूषक -( कणे) एव्वमिव । [ एवमिव ] राजा-साधु, वयस्य । निपुणमु पक्रान्तम् । इदानी दुरविगमसिद्धावप्य- स्मिन्नारम्भे वयमाशसामहे । कुत अर्थ सप्रतिवन्ध प्रभुरधिगन्तु सहायवानेव । दृश्य तमसि न पश्यति दीपेन विना सचक्षुरपि ।।६।। ( नेपथ्ये) King (nodding his head) --Sit down here The Vidushaka takes a seat King -Has the eye of your wisdom been at all em ployed in devising a means of attaining our object ?! Vidishalca -Means Indeed I rather ask about the successful accomplishment of my commission Kang -What do -What do you mean? Vidīshaka (whrspers in his ear). This is what I mean King-Excellent, my friend ! A clever start! We hope for good luck in this enterprise, though success in it is difficult to attain For it is the man with allies that is able to accomplish an undertaking surrounded with obstacles, even one who has the use of his eyes cannot without a light perceive an object in the darkness 1 I take upaya, after Katayavema, as part fut pass= sadhya Bollensen reach upayo peyadarsane He seems to take upeya as a substantive, in the sense of devising=upakshepa ·( 17 ) अल वहु विकस्थ्य । राज्ञ समक्षमेवावयोरधरोत्तरव्यक्तिर्भविष्यति । राजा-( आकर्य) सखे । त्वत्सुनीतिपादपस्य पुष्पमुद्भिन्नम् । विदूपक -फल वि अइरेण देक्खिस्स सि । [फलमप्यचिरेण द्रक्ष्यसि । ] (तत प्रविशति कन्चुकी) कञ्चुकी-देव । अमात्यो विज्ञापयति । अनुष्ठिता प्रभोराज्ञेति । एतौ पुन- हरदत्त-गरणदासौ उभावभिनयाचार्यों परस्परजयैषिणौ । त्वां द्रष्टुमुद्यतौ साक्षाद् भावाविव शरीरिणौ ॥१०॥ राजा-प्रवेशय तौ। [ [A voice behind the scenes A truce to excessive boasting! In the presence of the King himself shall be decided which of us is superior and which infe1101 King -Friend, a blossom has budded on the tree of youi intrigue 2 Vzdūshaka ---You shall see fruit also on it, I promise you Then enter the Chamberlain Chamberlain _Your Majesty, the Minister begs to inform you that youi orders have been cari ied out But heie aie Haiadatta and Ganadāsa, the two professors of acting, each eager for victory over the other, wishing to have an intei view with your Majesty, like two dramatic passions incarnate in bodily form (10) Kang-Introduce them For adhakottara 1 Nepathye, in the tiring room, the postscenzun Tarānātha and Bollensen read adharottarayor 2 For Onitro Taranatha. and Bollensen read °suniti.o ० ·( 18 ) कञ्चुकीयदाज्ञापयति देव । ( इति निष्क्रम्य, ताभ्या सह प्रविश्य ) इत इतो भवन्तो। गगदास -राजान विलोक्य ) अहो, दुरासदो राजमहिमा । न च न परिचितो न चाप्यरम्य- श्चकितमुपैमि तथापि पार्थमस्य । सलिलनिधिरिव प्रतिक्षणं मे भवति स एव नवो नवोऽयमणो. ॥ ११ ॥ हरदत्त -महत्खलु पुरुषाकारमिद ज्योति । तथा हि द्वारे नियुक्तपुरुपाभिमतप्रवेश सिहासनान्तिकचरेण सहोपसर्पन् । तेजोभिरस्य विनिवर्तित दृष्टिपातै- क्यिाहते पुनरिव प्रतिवारितोऽस्मि ॥१२॥ Chamberlain -As the King commands. (Going out and returning with them ) This way, this way, gentlemen! Ganadāsa (looking at the King) – Ye gods! Awful is the majesty of the King For he is not unfamiliar to me, and he is not stern of manner, never theless I uppioach his side with tiembling, though the same, he appears every moment new to my eyes, even like the mighty ocean (11) Haradatta -Great indeed is the splendour that resides in this heio For though my entrance has been permitted by the guards appointed to wait at the door, and though I am advancing towaids the King with the attendant that is always about his thione, by the effulgence of his majesty, that repels my gaze, I am, as it were, without words denied access after all (12) 1 Literally, water receptacle 2 Purushudhihāram adam iyotch =stat purushādhikuram jyotih=eshah purushal adhikarah (adhikaranam ,sthanam) yasya tat, (S PP) None of the Bombay MSS read purushākarom, the reading of Tarānātha's edition which means this splendour in the form of a man. It is of course the casier reading, and so far less likely to be correct 1 ·( 19 ) कञ्चुकी-एष देव । उपसर्पता भवन्तौ । उभौ-(उपेत्य ) विजयता देव । राजा-स्वागतं भवद्भयाम् । ( परिजनं विलोक्य) प्रासने तावदत्रभवतो'। ( उभौ परिजनोपनीतयोरासनयोरुपविष्टौ।) राजा-किमिदं शिष्योपदेशकाले युगपदाचार्याभ्यामत्रोपस्थानम् ? गगदास -देव । श्रूयताम् । मया सुतीर्थादभिनयविद्या शिक्षिता, दत्तप्रयोग- श्चास्मि । देवेन देव्या च परिगृहीत । राजा-दृढ जाने । तत किम् ? Chamberlain —Here is the King approach, gentlemen Both (advancing) -May the King be victorious Kang-Welcome, gentlemen (Looking round at the attendants) Seats for these gentlemen They sit down on charrs brought by the attendants King - What is the meaning of this, that you two professois have come here together at a time when you ought to be teaching your pupils ? Ganadāsa --Listen, King' I learned the art of dramatic acling fiom a good teacher ? I have given lessons in the art. I have been favoured by the King and the Queen King - I know it well 1 Titthud, the reading of Shankar Pandit, is practically equivalent to Tarānātha's sutörthud Weber takes sutir tha as a proper name Bollensen inserts suº before both tirthad and sikshita 2 Taranātha takes dattaprayogo'smi with devena I had the Professorship of theatrical representation conferrcd upon me by the King, ·( 20 ) गणदास -सोऽह्ममुना हरदत्तेन प्रधानपुरुपसमक्ष 'नायं मे पादरजसापि तुल्य' इत्यधिक्षिप्त । हरदत्त-देव । अयमेव मयि प्रथम परिवादकर । अत्रभवत किल मम च समुद्रपल्वलयोरिवान्तरमिति । तदत्रभवानिम मा च शास्त्रे प्रयोगे च विमृशतु । देव एव नौ विशेषज्ञ प्राश्निक । विदूपक -समत्थ पइराणादं । [ समर्थ प्रतिजातम् । ] गणदास -प्रथम कल्प । अवहितो देव श्रोतुमर्हति । राजा-तिष्ठतु तावत् । पक्षपातमत्र देवी मन्यते । तदस्या पण्डितकौशिकी- सहिताया' समक्षमेव न्याय्यो व्यवहार । Ganadasa --I, a man with such antecedent, have been taunted by this Haradatta in the piesence of the principal men of the court in these words “This man is not as good as the dust on my feet "I Huruduttu-King' This man was first engaged in abuse of me According to him, there is the same difference between his reverence and myself that there is between the ocean and a puddle, therefore let your Highness examine him and me in theoretical knowledge and in practical skill Let the King be both judge and examiner Vodūshaka - A fail proposal Ganadāsa -An excellent idea 13 The King should listen to us with the utmost attention King-Stop a minute, the Queen is sure to suspect partiality in this matter, therefore, the case had better be tried in the presence of the Queen accompanied by the learned Kausikī 1 One is irresistibly reminded of the two professors in Moliere's "Bourgeous Gentilhomme" 2 Weber takes this as an ironical speech of Ganadāsa to Haradatta. Shankar Pandit says, “this is said of Ganadāsa, who used the simile to disparage his rival The particle kula shows that Hai adatta is quoting the substance of what Gañadāsa had said about him (Haradatta) " 3. Literally, the best course to follow (Shankar Pandit). 4, Literally, let it stand a little while (Shankar Pandit) " ·( 21 ) - विदुपक –सुटु भवं भरणादि [ सुष्ठु भवान्भणति । ] आचार्यो-यदे॒वाय रोचते । राजा-मौद्गल्य । अमुं प्रस्ताव निवेद्य पण्डितकोशिक्या सार्धमाहूयता देवी। कञ्चुकी- यदाज्ञापयति देव । ( इति निष्क्रम्य सपरिवाजिकया देव्या सह प्रविष्ट ) इत इतो भवती। धारिणी-(परिवाजिका विलोक्य ) भप्रवदि । हरदत्तस्स गणदासस्स अ संरभे कह पेक्खसि ?। [ भगवति । हरदत्तस्य गणदासस्य च सरम्भे कथं पश्यसि ?] परिव्राजिका-प्रलं स्वपक्षावसादशङ्कया । न परिहीयते प्रतिवादिनो गणदासः। Vidīshaha ---The King's suggestion is good The two Professors -As seems good to the King King--Maudgalya, summon the Queen together with the revered saint Kauśıkī, taking care to inform them of this matter under consideration Chamcılarn -As the King commands (IV.th these words he goes out, and riturns with the Queen accompanied by the Parurā rā or female Buddhist ascetic) Chamberlain - This way, this way, Queen Dhārınī Queen (looking at the Parivrājaka) -Reverend Madam, what do you think of the contest between Ganadāsa and Haradatta.?" Partırājikā --Cease fearing that your protégi will be defeated • Ganndasa. 1s not inferior to his antagonist 1 A wandering female mendicant She was a widow The Hindu, widow, says Shankar Pandit, 19 not generally a wandering menticant, so we may assume that shc was a Buddhist, and this makes it likely that the play is much older than Wilson supposes 2 That is to say "which of the two do you think will be victoriou, 19, ·( 22 ) धारिणी -जइ वि एव तह वि राअपरिग्गहो से पहाणत्तरण उवहरदि । [ यद्यप्येवं तथापि राजपरिग्रहोऽस्य प्रधानत्वमुपहरति । ] परित्राजिका-अयि । राज्ञीशब्दभाजनमात्मानमपि चिन्तयतु भवती । पश्य अतिमात्रभासुरत्वं पुष्यति भानो परिग्रहादनल। अधिगच्छति महिमान चन्द्रोऽपि निशापरिगृहीत ॥१३॥ विदूषक -अइ भो । उवद्विदा पीठमग्निं पडिकोसिई पुरोकरिम तत्त- भोदी धारिणी [अयि | उपस्थिता देवी पीठमर्दिका पण्डितकौशिकी पुरस्कृत्य तत्रभवती धारिणी।] राजा-पश्याम्येनाम् । यैषा मङ्गलालकृता भाति कौशिक्या यतिवेषया। त्रयी विग्रहवत्येव सममध्यात्मविद्यया ॥१४॥ Quren - Even if this be true, still the favour of the King gives his iival the avantage Parivrājikā -Ah! consider also that you have a right to the title of Queen While the fire attains extreme brilliancy from the assistance of the sun, on the other hand the moon also acquiics greatness when favoured by the night (13) Vedushala -Look | look ! Here is the Qucen arrived, preceded by the match-maker, the lenned Kausiki King — I see hei, who indeed, deckel with the auspicious oinaments, accompanied by Kaushi in the diess of an ascetic, shines like the thiee Vedas incarnate accom- 1 Bollenson reads with some MSS bhānuh parigrahad ahnah, the sun by the assistance of the day He remarks that this reading gives a better antithesis 2 Pathamardika, according to Shankar Pandit, means one who assists the Nāyıkā, or heroine, in her attempt to gain her lover 3 Such as a wife would wear during the lifetime of her husband (Shankar Pandit) ·( 23 ) परिव्राजिका-( उपेत्य ) विजयता देव । राजा-भगवति । अभिवादये। परिव्राजिका- महासारप्रसवयो सशक्षमयोयो। धारिणीभूतधारिण्योर्भव भर्ता शरच्छतम् ॥१५।। धारिणी-जेदु जेदु अजउतो। [ जयतु जयत्वार्यपुत्र ।] राजा-स्वागत देव्यै । (परिव्राजिका विलोक्य ) भगवति । क्रियतामा- सनपरिग्रह । ( सर्वे यथोचितमुपविशन्ति ) राजा - भगवति । अत्रभवतोर्हरदत्त-गणदासयो परस्पर विज्ञानसंघर्षों जात । तदत्र भगवत्या प्राश्निकपदमध्यासितव्यम् । pained by the knowledge of the Supieme Soul? Puran yalia (advancing) -~-May the King be victo11ous I Kang,-Rever end Lady, I salute thee Parivrājikā - Mayest thou be for a hundied years the husband of Dhāiini and the eaith”, the suppoit of living cieatures, which two beings give birth to mighty offspring, and are equal in patience (15) Queen - May my husband be victoious ! Kang - Welcome to the Queen! (Looking towards the Parivrājıkā) Reverend Lady, take a seat They all szt down in due o der Kang -Reverend Lady, a dispute about superio11ty in skill has arisen between Ganadāsa and Haradatta, now you must occupy the position of judge in this matter The Upanishads (Shankar Pandit) A pun on the name of the Queen Bhutadharini=the earth Kings are and again spoken of in Sanskrit poetry as the husbands of the earth Compare Raghuvansa, VIII, 51 (Bombay edition) "Surely I am the husband of the earth only in name, but my heart felt pleasure was in thee » 1 2

·( 24 )
परिव्राजिका-(सम्मितम् ) अलमुपालम्भेन । विद्यमानेऽपि पत्तने सति
ग्रामे रत्नपरीक्षा।
राजा-मा मैंवम् , पण्डितकौशिकी खलु भगवती। पक्षपातिनावनयोरह
देवी च।
आचार्यो- सम्यगाह देव' । मध्यस्था भगवती गुणदोषौ न परिच्छेत्तुमर्हति ।
राजा-तेन हि प्रस्तूयता विवाद ।
परिव्राजिका–देव । प्रयोगप्रधान हि नाट्यशास्त्रम् । किमत्र वाग्व्यवहारेण?
कथं वा देवी मन्यते ?
देवी - जइ म पुच्छसि, तदा एदारणं विवादो एव्व ण मे रोअदि । [ यदि
मा पृच्छसि, तदैतयोविवाद एव न मे रोचते ।]
a.
Puriviājikā (smiling )-Spare youi taunts When
town is accessible, do men go to a village to get jewels
tested ?
King - Not so, not so You are indeed sthe learned
Kauśıkı," whereas the Queen and I are partial with respect
to these gentlemen, Hai adatta and Ganadāsa
15
The two Profe88018 --The King's remaik just.
Reverend Lady, you are impartial, you ought to pass judg.
ment on oui merits and demerits
King -Therefore, let the case be opened
Parivrārkā --King, the art of dancing is a matter of
practice chiefly, what is the use of a verbal controversy?
King -What, however, does the Queen think?
Queen - If you ask me, the whole dispute between
these two professors is annog ing to me

·(25) गणदास -देवि ! न मा समानविद्यत परिभवनीयमवगन्तुमर्हसि । विदूपक -भोदि । पेक्खामा उरब्भसवाद । किं मुहा वेअणदाणेण ? [ भवति । पश्याम उरभ्रमवादम् । किं मुघा वेतनदानेन ? ] देवी-ण कलहप्पिप्रोसि । [ ननु कलहप्रियोऽसि । ] विदृषक -मा एव्व चडि । अएणोएणकलहिदाणं मत्तहत्थीणं एकदरस्सि अरिणजिदे कुदो उवसमो ? [ मैव चण्डि | अन्योन्यकलहितयोमत्तहस्तिनोरेकतर- स्मिन्ननिजिते कुत उपशम ?] राजा-ननु स्वाङ्गसौष्ठवातिशयमुभयोदृष्टवती भगवती । परिव्राजिका-अथ किम् ? 1 Gunadasa - The Queen ought not to consider me likely to be beaten in the art of acting I'rdīshaka - Queen, let us see the conflict of the two What is the use of giving them fodders for nothing? Queen - You do certainly take delight in squabbles 2 rams Vidishaka -No, fair one * But when two infuriated elephants are quarrelling, how can there be tranquillity until one or the other 1s conquered ? King-Suicly you have seen the skill of the two professors exhibited by themselves in person 6 Parcrāyikā - Of course, I have forest Tarānātha reads na mām samānavidyatayā paribhavaniyam avagantum arhası ----You ought not to consider me despicable as being merely equal to that man in skill 2 Another rcading is the Prakrit cqivalent of udarambhari, glutton 3 Shankar Pandit points out that the word also means "salary) 4 Chandī means an angry woman, a vixen, but it is often used as a term of endearment 5 Tārīnātha and Bollensen read Kalahappzinom, fond of quarrelling 6 Tarın itha reads svūngasausthavntisayam, exceeding skill in their Own art ·( 26 ) राजा-तदिदानीमत पर किमाभ्या प्रत्याययितव्यम् । परिव्राजिका-तदेव वक्तुकामास्मि श्लिष्टा क्रिया कस्यचिदात्मसंस्था संक्रान्तिरन्यस्य विशेषयुक्ता। यस्योभयं साधु स शिक्षकाणां धुरि प्रतिष्ठापयितव्य एव ॥१६॥ विदृपक -मुद अजेहि भवदीए वत्रण ? एसो पिंडिदत्थो उवदेसदसणेण रिगएणो त्ति । [ श्रुतमार्याभ्या भगवत्या वचनम् ? एष पिण्डितार्थ उपदेश- दर्शनेन निर्णय इति ।] हरदत्त -परमुचित न । गणदास -देवि । एवं स्थितम् । देवी -जदा उरण मदमेवा सिम्सा उवदेस मलिणेदि, तदा प्रापरिप्रस्स दोसो गु यदा पुनर्मन्दमेधा शिष्या उपदेश मलिनयति, तदाचार्यस्य दोषो नु?] - ? . King -Then what further have these teachers to satisfy us about ? Parurājekā --That is the very point I wish to speak about One man can perform excellently in person, another possesses to a remai kable degree the power of communicating his skill, he who possesses both excellences, should be placed at the head of teachers (16) Vidīshaka --Gentlemen, you have heard the Reverend Lady's speech, this is the gist of it The question must be decided by examining into your skill in teaching Haradatta - It suits me admirably Ganadāsa --King, it is so determined Queen --But when an unkilful pupil disgraces the instruction of a teacher, does it follow that the teacher is to be blamed ?

·( 27 ) राजा-देवि । एवमापद्यते-विनेतुरद्रव्यपरिग्रहोऽपि बुद्धिलाघवं प्रकाशयति । देवी-( जनान्तिकम् ) कह दारिंग ? ( गणदासं विलोक्य, प्रकाशम् )- अल अजउत्तस्स ऊसाहकालणं मणोरहं पूरिन । विरम रिणरत्ययादो प्रारंभादो। [ कमिदानीम् ? अलमार्यपुत्रस्योत्साहकारणं मनोरथं पूरयित्वा । विरम निरर्थकादारम्भात् ] [सुष्ठ विदूपक -सुटु होदी भरणादि । भो गणदास | सगीदपद लभिन्न सरस्सई- उवामणमोदप्राणं खादमाणस्स किं दे सुलहरिणग्गहेण विवादेण ? भवती भरणति । भो गणदास ! सगीतपद लब्ध्वा सरस्वत्युपायनमोदकान्खादत किं ते सुलभनिग्रहेण विवादेन ? Kiny - Queen' It is fiting that it should be so 1 Ganadāsa - The improvement of an unpromising pupil shows the quick intelligence of the teacher 1S Queen (Looleang at Ganadasa, asrde)-What the meaning of this ? Cease from fulfilling the desire of this husband of mine, which will only increase the ardour (Aloud) Desist from you useless trouble of his passion Vidushalee -Youl Highness spenks wiscly Ganadāsa ! As you are eating the sweetmeats offer cd to Sarasvati, on the pretence of being a teacher of the diama, what do you want with a contest in which you may casily be defeated ? 1 Evamapadyate, the reading of Taranātha and Bollensen means, “This is what does take place » 2 The modaka, a dishful of which is offered to the goddess Sarasvati, and really given to the teacher, is a round ball of a slightly conical shape at the top, made of rice or wheat flour mixcd with sugar, thin slices of the kernel of the cocoanut, together with spices, and then either boiled in steam or fried in clarified butter. (Shankar Pandit) ·(28) गणदास'-सत्यमयमेवार्थो देवीवाक्यस्य । श्रूयतामवसरप्राप्तमिदानीम् । लब्धास्पदोऽस्मीति विवादभीरो- स्तितिक्षमाणस्य परेण निन्दाम् । यस्यागम केवलजीविकाय तं ज्ञानपण्य वणिज वदन्ति ॥१७॥ देवी-अइरोवणीदाए सिस्साए उण पडित्थितस्स उवदेसस्स उण अण्णाय्यं पासण। [अचिरोपनीताया शिष्याया पुन प्रतिष्ठितस्योपदेशस्य पुनरन्याय्यं प्रकाशनम् ।] गणदास-अत एव मे निर्बन्ध । man देवी -तेरण हि दुवे वि उवदेस भवदीए दसेध । [ तेन द्वावपि उपदेशं भगवत्यै दर्शयतम् । ] Ganadāsa --In truth, this is the meaning of the Queen's speech But listen to a saying which is āpropos on the present occasion The who shiinks from a contest, because he possesses appointment, and patiently endures disparagement from a rival,--the man whose learning is merely a means of obtaining a livelihood,--him they call a huckster that tiaffics in knowledge (17) Queen --Your pupil was but lately handed over to you, so it is unbecoming to exhibit knowledge that is not as yet firmly implanted an Ganadāsa - It is for that very ieason that I am so importunate, Queen -Then exhibit both of you, your skill in instruction to the Reverend Lady alone I "In order," as Shankar Pandit obsursos, esto show more itably my skill in teaching" Weber translates «I do not feel anxious about that” (dafur habe ich keine sorge) ·( 29 ) परिव्राजिका-देवि । नैतन्याय्यम्, सर्वज्ञस्याप्येकाकिनो निर्णयाभ्युपगमो दोपाय। देवी-( प्रात्मगतम् ) मूढे परिव्वाजिए । म जागत्ति वि सुत्त विश्न करेसि ? ( इति सासूय परावर्त ते ) [ मूढे परिवाजिके ! मा जाग्रतीमपि सुप्तामिव करोषि?] ( राजा देवी परिव्राजिकायै दर्शयति परिव्राजिका- अनिमित्तिमिन्दुवदने । किमत्रभवत पराड्मुखी भवसि ? प्रभवन्त्योऽपि हि भर्तृपु कारणकोपा कुटुम्बिन्य ॥१८॥ विदूपक - ण सकारण एव्व । अत्तणो पक्खो रक्खिदव्वो त्ति । (गणदास विलोक्य ) दिट्टिया कोवब्वाजेण देवीए परित्तादो भव । सुसिक्खिदो वि सम्वो उवदेसदसणे ण रिणउणो होदि । [ ननु सकारणमेव । आत्मन पक्षो रक्षितव्य इति । दिष्ट्वा कोपव्याजेन देव्या परित्रातो भवान् । सुशिक्षितोऽपि सर्व उपदेश- दर्शने न निपुणो भवति । ] Parivrājikā —That is not fair, even an omniscient person, when giving judgment alone, is apt to be discredited 1 Queen-to hersulf) - You fool of a Pariviājikā! Do you wish to lull me to sleep when I am wide awake? (She tuins away in a pet ) The King calls the attention of the Parrurāgıkā to, the Queen Parivrägıkā (looking) - Why dost thou, o moonfaced one, turn away thy countenance from the King without reason, for matrons, even when all-powerful with their husbands, wait foi some cause before they fall out with them? (18) t'zdūshalca --Rather it is with good reason She thinks that she must uphold the side she favours (Turning towards 1 Fouceaux translates this speech “If even an omniscient person submits himself alone (withoui his pupil) to a trial, it is to hış disadvantagen ·(30) 1 गणदास-देवि । श्रयताम् । एवं जनो गृह्णाति । तदिदानीम् विवादे दर्शयिष्यन्त क्रियासंक्रान्तिमात्मन । यदि मां नानुजानामि परित्यक्तोऽस्म्यह त्वया ॥१६॥ (आसनादुत्तिष्ठति) देवी-( स्वगतम् ) का गई ? (प्रकाशम् ) पहवदि मारिओ सिस्स- जणस्म। [ का गति ? प्रभवत्याचार्य शिष्यजनस्य । ] ] गणदास -चिरमपदे शङ्कितोऽस्मि । ( राजानमवलोक्य ) अनुज्ञात देव्या। तदाज्ञापयतु देव कस्मिन्नभिनेयवस्तुनि प्रयोग दर्शयिष्यामि । राजा-यदादिति भगवती। Ganadāsa) I congratulate you on the fuct that the Queen has saved you by pretending to be angiy Even the welltrained becomes clever by exhibiting inslı uction Ganadāsa - Listen, Queen! You hear what people think of the matter Accordingly, now that I wish to exhibit in a contest my power of communicating skill in acting, if you do not per mit me, all I can say is, I am left in the luich by you (19) ( (He rises from his seat) Queen (to herself) -What resource have I left ? (Aloud) you have authority, sir, over your pupil Ganadāsa-I have been afraid foi a long time without reason' (Looking at the King ) The Queen has given her permission, therefore let the King give his orders In what particular piece of acting shall I exhibit my power of instruction ? King -Act, whatever the Reverend Lady commands Tārānātha reads the Prakrit equivalent of Upadesa darsanena nishnāto bhavatt “All men, even the well trained, are severely tested by having to exhibit their teaching power » Bollensen reads the Prakrit equivalent of U padarsane na nishnato bhavatı This means "do not appear clever (show to advantagc) in exhibiting their teaching power » Instead of apade tankito 'smi, lārānitha reads apades sankito "smi I have been afraid of a refusal, 1 2 ·( 31 ) परिव्राजिका-किमपि देव्या मनसि वर्तते, तत शङ्किताम्मि । देवी-भण वीसद्ध । पहबदि प्पहू प्रतणो परिप्रणम्स । [भण विस्त्र- व्यम् । प्रभवति प्रभुरात्मन परिजनत्य ।] राजा-मम चेति ब्रूहि । देवी-भप्रवदि । भण दारिण। [ भगवति । भणेदानीम् । ] परिव्राजिका–देव । शर्मिष्ठाया कृति चतुष्पादोत्थ छलिकं दुष्प्रयोज्यमुदा- हरन्ति । तत्रैकार्थसश्रयमुभयो प्रयोगं पश्याम । तावता ज्ञायत एवात्रभवतोरु- पदेशतारतम्यम् । I Parivrājikā — The Queen has something upon hei mind I am thcrefore afraid Qu'en -Speak bulily, I shall still be mistiess of my own attendant King -Say that you will be mistress of me also Qu'en-Come, Reverend Lady, speak your mind Parivrājikā -King, people talk of dance called chalita, made up of four movements, let us see the skill of both the two professois exhibited with reference to that one performance, then we shall be able to estimate the comparative merits of these two gentlemen with iespect to tenching power 1 a 1 A fine stroke of gallantry, says Shankar Pandit, therefore suppose that he takes mama to mean the King Tärānātha reads the Prakrit equivalent of prabhavishyatı prabhur, the King will have power The mama in the King's speech will therefore refer to the Queen Bollensen, who has the same reading as Tārānātha, gives the following explanation The King says to the Parıvrajıkı, "say, 'the King can dispose of me also » a compliment for the Parıyrājikā, as he thereby excludes her from the category of the ordinary attendants, and places her above them 2 Here Tárānitha inserts du shprayojyum, difficult to execute or to teach Before chalitam, which he gives as chalzkam, he has Sarmishthayāh kritim, invited by Sarmishthā. 3 Of course in the persons of their pupils, the object being that the King should see Mālavikā ·( 32 ) आचायो-यदाज्ञापयति भगवती। विपक-तेण हि दुवे वि वग्गा पेक्खाघरे सगीदरअणं करिश्र प्रत्तभवदो दूद पेममह । अह वा मुदगमटो एव्व गो उ यावइस्लादि। [ तेन हि द्वावपि वर्गा प्रेक्षागृहे सगीतरचना कृत्वात्रभवतो दूत प्रेषयतम् । अथवा मृदङ्गशब्द एव न उत्थापयिष्यति ।] हरदत्त -तथा। ( इत्युत्तिष्ठति ) ( गणदासो धारिणीमवलोकयति ) देवी-( गणदास विलोक्य ) विभई भोदु। णहु विप्रपञ्चस्थिणी अहं पापरिमस्स। [विजयी भव । ननु विजयाभ्यायनी प्रहमाचार्यस्य । ] (आचार्या प्रस्थितौ) परित्राजिका-इतस्तावदाचार्यो । आचार्यों-(परिवृत्य ) इमो स्व. । परिव्राजिका-निर्णयाधिकारे ब्रवीमि । सर्वाङ्गसौष्ठवाभिव्यक्तये विरल- नेपथ्ययो पात्रयो. प्रवेशोऽस्तु । Both the Professors ----As your Reverence commands Vzdūshaka --Then let both parties make ready in the play-house' the arrangements for the iepresentation, and send a messenger to his Highness Or better still, the mere sound of the dium will rouse us up Haradutta --So be it! (He rasts up) Ganadasa looks at the Queen Queen-May you triumph I Believe me, I am not hostile to your success, Ganadāsa Both the teachers go away Parzvr ārkā -Come here a moment, you two professors Both (turnang round) --Here we are Parzvrājikā --I speak in my capacity as judge Let the two pupils cnter with thin theatrical diesses, in order to display the elegance of movement of all the limbs 1. Taranatha reads darnūpekshāgthe, in the waiting room of the actors.

·( 33 ) आचार्यों-नेदम यावयोस्पदेश्यम् । ( इति निष्क्रान्तौ ) देवी-( राजानमवलोक्य ) जइ रामकज्जेनु ईरिसी उवाप्रणि उरणदा अज्ज- उत्तस्म तदो सोएह मवे। [यदि राजकार्येप्वीदृश्युपायनिपुणतार्यपुत्रस्य तत शोभन भवेत् ।] - राजा- अलमन्यथा गृहीत्वा न खलु मनस्विनि मया प्रयुक्तमिदम् । प्राय समानविद्याः परस्परयश पुरोभागा ॥२०॥ ( नेपथ्ये मृदङ्गध्वनि , सर्वे करणं ददति ) परिव्राजिका हन्त, प्रवृत्तं सगीतम् । तथा ह्येषा जीमूनस्तनितविशङ्किभिर्मयूरैरुग्रीवैरनुरसितस्य पुष्करस्य । निहादिन्युपहितमध्यमस्वरोत्था मायूरी मदग्रति मार्जना मनांसि ॥२१॥ Both It was not necessary to give us this advice [ [Exeunt the two Professors Queen (looking at the King) -If my husband shows as much skill in devising expedients in his political affairs, the iesult will surely be splendid King --Cease to put an invidious constiuction on my conduct Indeed, this was not biought about by me, o Sugacious one, it is ordinarily the case that people who pursue the same science ale jealous of one another's fame (20) A drum is heard behind the scenes All Trsten Parivrājikā --Ah, the repiesentation has begun For that note of the di um, which is dear to pea-fowl,delights the mind, deep iesounding, beginning with the high-pitched middle tone, -of the dium, I say, answered by the pea-fowl with necks erect, suspecting that it is the thunder of a rain-cloud. (21) pound Four expedients are usually enumerated Sowing dissension negotiation, bribery, and open attack (bheda, sardha, dana, orgraha) 2 Or, which resembles the cry of pea fowl Weber observes, that the delight of pea-fowl in rain, and the thunder that accompanies it, is a favourite commonplace of Indian poets. See Uttara R ma Chārita, p 87 of Vidyāsāgara's edition ३ ·( 34 ) राजा -देवि । तस्या सामाजिका भवाम । देवी-( स्वगतम् ) अहो, प्रविणो अज्जउत्तस्स। [ अहो, अविनय आर्यपुत्रस्य । ( सर्वे उत्तिष्ठन्ति ) विदूषक - ( अपवार्य ) भो । धीर गच्छ। मा अत्तहोदी धारिणी विसं- वादइस्सदि। [ भो धीर गच्छ। माऽत्रभवती धारिणी विसवादयिष्यति ।] राजा- धैर्यावलम्बिनमपि त्वरयति मां मुरजवाद्यनादोऽयम् । अवतरत सिद्धिपथं शब्द स्वमनोरथस्येव ॥२२॥ ( इति निष्क्रान्ता सर्वे) इति प्रथमोऽङ्कः। King - Queen! let us join the assembly 1 Queen (to herself) -Oh, the indecorous behaviour of my husband 1 [All rise up Vidūshaka (ciside to the King) -Come, walk calmly and slowly, lest the Queen should cause you to be disappointed Kang-Though I endeavour to bes calm, this sound of the music of the drum makes me hasten, like the noise of my own desii et descending the path of fulfilment (22) [Esctunt omnes. Here ends the rest Act 2 - ko Tīrānátha and Bollensen read tasyah samajikāh, let us be spectators of Malavıkā's acting or probably the King was referring to the mayuri märjanā, while the Queen understands tasyah to mean Malavikā 2 Shankar Pandit seems to prefer this interpretation, so I have transferred it from the notes to the text He observes that if we insert tumam, with some MSS, the passage will mean, find you inconsistent with yourself, discover that your indifference was merely assumed Tāānātha omits both ma and tvam, and explains visanvīdayıshyalı by veprala psyate, anyatha mansyate, which, I suppose, means, will be deceived into supposing that you have acted in good faith, and are not engaged in a love intrigue 3 Interally, rest upon composuie 4 Manoratha literally means "chariot of the mind » As Shankar Pandit observes, there lurks in the word a little pun," ·( 35 ) द्वितीयोऽङ्कः (तत प्रविशति सगीतरचनाया कृतायामासनग्य सवयभ्यो राजा धारिणी परिव्राजिका विभवतश्च परिवार ) राजा- भगवति । अत्रभवतोराचार्ययो प्रथम कतरस्योपदेश द्रक्ष्याम ? परिव्राजिका-ननु -ननु समानेऽपि ज्ञानवृद्ध भावे वयोवृद्धत्वाद्गणदास पुरस्कार- मर्हति । राजा-तेन हि मोद्गल्य | एवमत्रभवतोरावेद्य नियोगमशून्य कुरु । ACT II (Then are seen, after the orchestral arrangements have been completed, the King, with his friend, seated, on a throne, Dharane, and the retenue an order of rani) King --Reverend Madam' which of the two professors shall first cảhibit to us the skill which he has infused into his pupıl ? Parivrākā --Even supposing their attainments to be equal, Ganıdāsa ought, surely, to be pieferied on account of his being the elder Kang-Well, Maudgalya, go and tell these gentlemen this, and then go about your business: 1 More literally, of which of the two professors shall we first behold, &c 2 Literally, execute the command given to thce This means that he is to deliver the message to the teachers, and is not to return again to the King (Shankar Pandit) ·( 36 ) ता कञ्चुकी-यदाज्ञापयति देव । ( इति निष्क्रान्त ) (प्रविश्य ) गणदास-देव । शर्मिष्ठाया कृतिलयमध्या चतुष्पदास्ति। तस्याश्चतु- र्थवस्तुन प्रयोगमेकमना श्रोतुमर्हति देव. । राजा-प्राचार्य । बहुमानादवहितोऽस्मि । ( निष्क्रान्तो गणदाम ) राजा-(जनान्तिकम् ) वयस्य । नेपथ्यपरिगतायाश्चक्षुर्दर्शनसमुत्सुक तस्या । संहर्तुमधीरतया व्यवसितमिव मे तिरस्करिणीम् ॥१॥ विदूपक -( अपवार्य ) उवट्ठिद णप्रणमहु सणिहिदमक्खिन च । अप्पमत्तो दाणि पेक्ख । [ उपस्थित नयनमधु सनिहितमक्षिक च । तदप्रमत्त इदानी पश्य ।] Chamberlain -As the King commands Ganadāsa (entering) -King, there is a composition of Śarmisthā of four parts in medium time, your Highness ought to hear attentively one fourth of it performed with appropriate gestures Kang - Professor ! I am most respectfully attentive [E.cut Ganadāsa King (asade to Vadushala) -Friend, my eye, eager to behold her who is concealed by the curtain, thiough impatience seems to be endeavouring to diaw it up (1) Vadishakea. (asrde)-Ha. I the honey of your eyes 1s approaching, but the bee is near, therefore look on with caution 9 1 There are three kinds of time, druta, madhya, and urlambata Shankar Pandit observes, “We must suppose that the poem consisted of four stanzas, each embodying a separate theme (vastu) 3 In Taranatha's edition, we have an alternative reading tat praofsaya pátram, therefore introduce your pupil, " ·( 37 ) (तत प्रविशत्याचानविक्ष्यमाणाङ्गसौष्ठवा मालविका ) विदूषक -( जनान्तिकम् ) पेक्खदु भव । ण खु से पडिच्छदादो परिही- अदि महरदा। [ पश्यतु भवान् । न खल्वस्या प्रतिच्छन्दात्परिहीयते मधुरता।] राजा-(अपवार्य ) वयस्य । चित्रगतायामस्यां कान्तिविसंवादशङ्कि मे हृदयम् । संप्रति शिथिलसमाधि मन्ये येनेयमालिखिता॥२॥ गणदास-वल्मे । मुक्तासा वसा सत्त्वस्था भव । राजा-(आत्मगतम् ) अहो, सर्वस्थानानवद्यता रूपविशेषस्य । तथा हि दीर्घाक्षं शरदिन्दुकान्ति वदन बाहू नतावसयो संक्षिप्तं निबिडोन्नतस्तनमुर पार्वे प्रमृष्टे इव । मध्य पाणिमितो नितम्बि जघनं पादावरालाजुली छन्दो निर्तयितुर्यथैव मनस श्लिष्ट तथास्या वपुः ॥३॥ MES Then Mālavikā enters, with the teacher of dancing contemplating the elegant movement of her lims Hei beauty Vidīshaka (arede) - Look, you1 Highness does not fall short of the picture King (assde) -F11end, my mind anticipated that hel beauty could not possibly come up to that represented in the picture, bnt now I think that the painter, by whom she was taken, studied his model but carelessly (2) Ganadāsa --My dear child, dismiss your timidity, be composed Kiny -Oh, the perfection of her beauty in every posturel For her face has long eyes and the splendour of an autumn moon, and her two aims aie gracefully curved at the shoulders, her chcst is compact, having filin and ·( 38 मालविका-( उपगानं कृत्वा, चतुष्पदवस्तु गायति ) दुल्लहो पिओ मे तस्सि भव हिअअ | णिरास अम्हो अपगओ मे परिप्फुरइ कि पि वामो। एसो सो चिरदिट्ठो कहं उण उवणइदव्वो णाह | म पराहीणं तुइ परिगणअ सतिण्हं ।।४।। [ दुर्लभ प्रियो मे तस्मिन्भव हृदय । निराश- महो अपाङ्गो मे परिस्फुरति किमपि वाम । एष स चिरदृष्ट कथं पुनरुपनेतव्यो नाथ । मां पराधीनां त्वयि परिगणय सतृष्णाम ॥] swelling breasts, her sides are as it were planer off, her waist may be spanned by the hand, her hips slope elegantly, her feet have crooked toes, her body is as graceful as the ideal in the mind of the teacher of dancing (3) Mālavikā Puring approuched sinys the composition consisting of four parts My beloved is hard to obtain, be thou without hope with respect to him, O my heart! Ha! the outei coiner of my left eye throbs somewhat, 4 how is this man, seen after a long time, to be obtained 25 My lord, consider that I am devoted to thee with aident longing (4) १ . 1 I have borrowed thu uspression On account of their smoothness from Shankar Pandit 2 The reading manası Slishtam would mcan conceived in the mind 3 Or, lines The reading upaganam means prelude Bollensen eonsiders that it means advancing into the front part of the stage He derives it from gi, gesictz 4 In the case of women this portends union with the beloved For throbbing in the right eye, see my translation of the Kathā Sarit Sāgara, Vol II, p 128 5 Tarinātha reads the Prākrit equivalent of þunar drashtavyo, to be seen again ·(39) - (ततो यथारसमभिनयति ) विदूषक - ( जनान्तिकम् ) भो वास्स | चउप्पदवत्थुधे दुपारीकरिअ तुइ उवट्ठाविदो विन अप्पा तत्तहोदीए। [ भो वयस्य । चतुष्पदवस्तुकं द्वारीकृत्य त्वय्युपस्थापित इवात्मा तत्रभवत्या ।] राजा-सखे । एवमेव ममापि हृदयम् । अनया खलु जनमिममनुरक्तं विद्धि नाथेति गेये बचनमभिनयन्त्या स्वाङ्गनिर्देशपूर्वम् । प्रणयगतिमदृष्ट्वा धारिणीसंनिकर्षा- दहमिव सुकुमारप्रार्थनाव्याजमुक्त ॥५॥ ( मालविका गीतान्ते निष्क्रमितुमिच्छति ) विदपा – भोदि । चिट्ठ। किपि वो विसुमरिदो कम्मभेदो। त दाव पुच्छिस्स । [ भवति । तिष्ठ । किमपि वो विस्मृत क्रमभेद त तावत्प्रक्ष्यमि। गणदास - वत्से स्थीयताम् । उपदेशविशुद्धा यास्यसि । (She goes the ough a pantomime expressive of the sentiment ) Vzdūshaka (aside) --Ha! ha! this lady may be said to have made use of the composition in four paits for the purpose of flinging herself at your head King aside to the Vidūshaka) — My friend, this is the state of the hearts of both of us Certainly she, by accompanying the words "know that I am devoted to thee,” that came in her song, with expiessive action pointing at her own body, seeing no other way of telling her love owing to the neighbourhood of Dhāiinī, addiessed herself to me under the pretence of courting a beautiful youth (5) Mālıvıkā at the end of her song makis as if she would leave the stage Vidishaka --Stop, lady' you have somewhat neglected the piopei order , I will ask about it if you please Ganadāsa ---My dear child, stop a minute, you shall go after your puformance has been pronounced faultless .

·( 40 ) ( मालविका निवृत्य स्थिता ) राजा-(प्रात्मगतम् ) अहो, सर्वास्ववस्थासु चारुता शोभा पुष्यति । तथा हि वामं सधिस्तिमितवलय न्यस्य हस्तं नितम्बे कृत्वा श्यामाविटपसदृशं स्रस्तमुक्त द्वितीयम् । पादाङ्गुष्ठालुलितकुसुमे कुट्टिमे पातिताक्ष नृत्तादस्या स्थितमतितरां कान्तमृज्वायतार्धम् ॥६॥ देवी -ण गोदमवणं वि अजो हिपए करेदि । [ ननु गौतमवचनमप्यार्यो हृदये करोति ।] गणदास -देवि ! मा मैवम् । दैवप्रत्ययात्सभाव्यते सूक्ष्मदर्शिता गौतमस्य । Malavikā tur ne round and stunds stell King (to homself) - Ah' her beauty gains fresh splendoui in every postuie For her standing attitude, in which she is placing on her hip her left hand, the bracelet of which clings motionless at the wlist, and making her other hand down loosely like the bianch of a šyāmā-tiee, and casting down her eye on the inlaid pavement on which she is pushing about a flower with her toe, an attitude in which the upper part of her body is upright, is more attractive even than her dancing (6) Quen -I fear thic noble Ganadāsa is taking to heart the speech of Gautama Ganudāsa - Queen, say not so By the help of the King Gautama is enabled to become sharp-sighted , observe, More literally Shanker Pandit, “with the bangles remuning close upon thc wrist " Her hands were not unduly thin Oi making like the branch of a Syāmā tree her other hand, from which thc pearls have fallen 3 Literally, by reliance or dependance upon the King Bollensen translates, owing to the confidence which the King reposes in the Vidữsshala, we may except from the latter an acute piece of eriticism. 1 2 ·( 41 ) पश्य मन्दोऽप्यमन्दतामेति संसर्गेण विपश्चितः । पङ्कच्छिद फलस्येव निषेणाविलं पय ॥७॥ ( विदूषकं विलोक्य ) तच्छृणुमो वयं विवक्षितमार्यस्य । विदूषक – ( गणदासं विलोक्य ) सक्खिणी दाव पुच्छ । पच्छा जो मये कम्मभेदो लक्खिदो तं भणिस्सं। [ साक्षिणी तावत्पृच्छ । पश्चाद्यो मया कर्मभेदो लक्षितस्तं भरिणष्यामि।] गणदास -भगवति । यथादृष्टमभिधीयता गुणो वा दोषो वा। परिव्राजिका-यथादृष्टं । सर्वमनवद्यम् । कुत अङ्गैरन्तर्निहितवचनै सूचित सम्यगर्थ पादन्यासो लयमनुगतस्तन्मयत्वं रसेषु । even & stupid person becomes clever by association with the wise, as turbid water is made cleai by the contact with the mud-dispersing fruit 1 (7) (Looking at the l’rdūs haka) We are waiting for your lordship's decision Vidūshaka --Ask the Parivrājikā who witnessed the per formance, afterwards I will mention the omission which I observed 2 Ganadāsa - Rcverend Lady, be pleased to give your opinion, according to your own observation, as to whether the perfoi mance wis a success or a failuie Parivrājikā --All was blameless, and in accordance with the rules of art Foi the meining was completely expressed by hei limbs which were full of language, the movement of her feet was in pei fect time, she exactly represented the senti- 1 The fruit of the kataka tree One of the seeds of this plant being rubbed upon the inside of the water jar used in Bengal occasions a precitation of the earthy particles diffused through the water and removes them 2 Bollensen and Tarānātha read kammabhedo karmabhedo ·( 42 ) शाखायोनिर्मूदुरभिनयस्तद्विकल्पानुवृत्तौ भावो भावं नुदति विषयाद्रागबन्धः स एव ॥८॥ गणदास-देव. कथं वा मन्यते ? राजा-वय स्वपक्षशिथिलाभिमाना सवृत्ता । गणदास-अद्य नर्तयितास्मि कुत उपदेश विदु शुद्ध सन्तस्तमुपदेशिन । श्यामायते न युष्मासु य काञ्चनमिवाग्निषु ।।६।। देवी-दिट्ठिा अपरिक्खदाराहणेण अजो वड्ढइ । [ दिष्ट्वाऽपरिक्षतारा- धनेनार्यों वर्धते ।] गणदास - देवीपरिग्रह एव मे वृद्धिहेतु । ( विदूषक विलोक्य ) गौतम । वदेदानी यत्ते मनसि वर्तते। ments, the acting waş gentle, being based upon the measure of the dance ,' in the successive developments of the acting, emotion kept banishing emotion from its place, it was & vivid pictuie of a series of passions 8) Ganadasa -What does his Majesty think? King - Ganadāsa, I have become less confident about the success of my protêgê Ganadāsa --Then I am in tiuth a piofessor of dancing Wise men know that the teaching of a teachei is faultless, when it does not become black in your piescuice, even as gold that is tested in the file Queen -I must congratulate you, sır, on being so foitunate as to give satisfaction to your judge Ganadāsa -But the Queen's favour is the cause of my good for tune (Looking towards the I'dīts huka) Gautama now say what you have in your mind 1 Tarānītha explains, of which the instrument of expression was the branch-like hand 2 Tärānātha gives as an alternative rcading vidvatcu, in the prcsence of the wise, ·( 43 ) विदूषक --पढमोवदेसदसणे पढमं बम्हणस्स पूजा कादव्वा । सा णं वो विसुमरिदा [प्रथमोपदेशदर्शने प्रथमं ब्राह्मणस्य पूजा कर्तव्या। सा ननु वो विस्मृता]। परिव्राजिका- अहो प्रयोगाभ्यन्तर प्राश्निकः । ( सर्वे प्रहसिता , मालविकाऽपि स्मितं करोति) राजा-(प्रात्मगतम् ) प्रात्तसारश्चक्षुषा मे स्वविषय यदनेन् स्मयमानमायताक्ष्या किचिदभिव्यक्तदशनशोभि मुखम् । असमग्रलक्ष्यकेसरमुच्छ्वसदिव पङ्कजं दृष्टम् ॥१०॥ गणदास-महाब्राह्मण । न खलु प्रथम नेपथ्यसंगीतकमिदम् । अन्यथा कथ त्वा दक्षिणीय नार्चयिष्याम ? Vidushaka The first time that skill is exhibited, a complimentary gift to a Brahman is desirable, but you forgot about that Parmarrayalea -Ha I ha. I an umpirel thoroughly conve1- sant with acting Vadishalea -Well, you would-be leained lady, what else would you have ? As you do not know how to crunch bonbons, what do you know? You frighten these people with your long han like the beams of the bright moon They all laugh Even Māluvikā cannot suppress a smile King (to himself) --My eye has perceived in its full splendoui its appropiiate object, since it has seen the smılıng face of the almond-eyed one, with its gleaming teeth half displayed, like an opening lotus with the filaments of the flower partially visible (10) Ganddāsa -Great Biāhman, this indeed is not an unaugural rehearsal in the tiring-10om, otherwise how could we have omitted to honour you who ire worthy of honoui ? Bollensen runds pannal foi prūsnihah It must mcan vital or essential point in acting Tarānātha reads prathaman nepathyacavanam, the first handselling of the tiring room or theatre Bollinsun says, “This inhibition on the stage is no sacrifice, otherwise you would, as a Bi Thman, obtain your portion (in cakes) 1 a most 2 ·( 44 ) विदूपक -मए णाम मुद्धचादएण सुक्खघणगजिदे अंतरिक्खे जलपाणं इच्छिद । अहवा पटितसतोमपच्चमा । रण मूढा जादो। जदि अत्तहोदीए सोहणं भरिणदं तदो इमं से पारितोमिनं पप्रच्छामि। [ मया नाम मुग्धचातकेनेव । शुष्कघनगजितेऽन्तरिक्षे जलपानमिच्छितम् । अथवा पण्डितसंतोषप्रत्यया ननु मूढजाति । यतोऽत्रभवत्या शोभन भरिणत तत इद ते पारितोषिक प्रयच्छामि । ( इति राज्ञो हस्तात्कटकमाकर्षति ) देवी-चिट्ठ दाव । गुणंतर अजाणतो किणिमित्तं तुम आहरणं देसि ? तिष्ठ तावत् । गुणान्तरमजानन्किनिमित्तं त्वमाभरण ददासि ?] विदूषक-परकेरअंति करित्र । [ परकीयमिति कृत्वा । ] Vadushakea --I indeed, like a silly Chataka, asked for & drink of water when the heaven was icbellowing with rainless clouds Parıvrārkā --Exactly so Vidīshaka --It follows that those people who expect to derive any benefit from giving satisfaction to the learned are a set of fools? If the Reverend Lady has found the performance meritorious, I will bestow this evidence of her satisfaction upon Mālavikā (So speaking he draws off a bracelet from the King's wrist) Queen -Stop! why do you give away the 01nament before you have become acquainted with a different kind of merit ?? Vedūshaka -Because it belongs to someone else, of course 1 A bird that lives on rain drops Its peculiar habits are a subject of frequent reference in Sanskrit poetry 2 Taranatha takes it, those who (like me) are stupid, have to depend upon the satisfaction of the learned, and take their opinions from them 3 že, that of Haradatta's pupil The queen, of course, objects out of jealousy ·( 45 ) देवी-(प्राचार्य विलोक्य ) अज गणदास । रणं दंसिदोवदेसा दे सिस्सा। [आर्य गणदास । ननु दशितोपदेशा ते शिष्या।] गणदास -वत्से । एहि गच्छाव इदानीम् । ( मालविका सहाचार्येण निष्क्रान्ता) विदूषकः-( जनान्तिकम् ) एत्तियो मे मदिविहवो भवतं सेविदूं। [ एता वान्मे मतिविभवो भवन्तं सेवितुम् । ] राजा-अलमल परिच्छेदेन । अहं हि भाग्यास्तमयमिवाक्ष्णोहदयस्य महोत्सवावसानमिव । द्वारपिधानमिव धृतेर्मन्ये तस्यास्तिरस्करिणीम् ॥११।। विदूपक -( जनान्तिकम् ) साहु, तुम दलिद्दो विन आदुरो वेजेण प्रोस दीप्रमाण इत्ससि । [ साधु, त्वं दरिद्र इवातुरो वैद्येनौषध दीयमानमिच्छसि ।] Quen (looking towurds Ganadāsa, the teacher of dancing) dancing) -Noble Ganadāsa, in tiuth, youi pupil has exhibited the proficiency you have impaited to her Ganadasa -My dear child, now leave the theatre [Mālavikā depan ts with her teacher ['zdūshaka —This much and no more can my genius do to help your Majesty King -Have done with this limiting of your power For, now I consider hei disappearance behird the curtain? to be like the obscuration of the piosperity of iny eyes, like the end of the gieat feast of my heart, like the closing of the door of happiness (11) Vzdūs haka -Bravo ! You are like a man, who is poor and sick, and desires a medicine administered by the physician Do Bollensen reads parichchhadena, in the sense of concealment not pretend that your invention is exhausted 2, Bollensen and Katayavema read thrasharanarya, disappearance, ·(46) (प्रविश्य ) हरदत्त देव । मदीयमिदानी प्रयोगमवलोकयितु क्रियता प्रसाद । राजा--(अत्मगतम् ) अवसितो दर्शनार्थ । ( दाक्षिण्यमवलम्य, प्रकाशम् ) हरदत्त । ननु पर्युत्सुका एव वयम् । हरदत्त - अनुगृहीतोऽस्मि। ( नेपथ्ये) वैतालिक -जयतु जयतु देव । उपारूढो मध्याह्न । तथा हि पत्रच्छायासु हंसा मुकुलितनयना दीर्घिकापद्मिनीना सौधान्यत्यर्थतापाइलभिपरिचयद्वेषिपारावतानि । बिन्दुक्षेपान्पिपासु परिसरति शिखी भ्रान्तिमद्वारियन्त्रं सर्वैरुखै समग्रैस्त्वमिव नृपगुणैर्दीप्यते सप्तसप्ति ॥१२॥ Haradıtta (entering) - King' have the guodness now to look at my ethibition Kiny (to hins lt) —My object in being a spectator is now at an end (Aloud, puttiny a severe stiarn upon his politeness ) Haradatta, we are indeed an vious to behold it Har adatta -I am highly favoured A band chants behind the scenes Victory to the King! Noon has arrived, for the geese rest with closed eyes in the shade of the leaves of the lotuses of the onimental water, the pigeons shun on account of the extreme heat the sloping 100fs of the palace which they ordinarily frequent, the peacock, desiious of drinking the particles of watei continually flung out,* flies to the revolving water-wheel, the sun blazes with all his rays at ones, as thou with all thy piincely qualities (12) 1 Literally, on account Cf the extreme heat the palaee has become euch that the pigeons hate to frequent the sloping roofs I have translated rindiītkshepun the reading of Shankar Pandit Tarānātha reads vind uthshepat, the thirsty peacock flies to the revolving water-wheel, because it throws out drops, 2 ·( 47 ) विदूपक अविहा अविहा, बम्हणस्स भोप्रणवेला संवुत्ता। अत्तहोदो वि उइदवेलादिकमे चिइच्छा दोस उदाहरति ( हरदत्त विलोक्य ) हरदत्त । किं दारिण भणमि ? [ अवधि अवधि, ब्राह्मणस्य पुनर्भोजनवेलोपस्थिता । अत्रभवत उचितवेलातिक्रमे चिकित्सका दोषमुदाहरन्ति । हरदत्त । किमिदानी भणसि ?] हरदत्त -नास्ति मद्वचनस्यान्यस्यावकाशोऽत्र । राजा-तेन हि त्वदीयमुपदेशं श्वो वय द्रक्ष्याम । विश्राम्यतु भवान् । हरघत्त यदाज्ञापयति देव । ( इति निष्कान्त ) देवी-णिन्वट्टदु अजउत्तो मजणविहिं। [निवर्तयत्वार्यपुत्रो मजन- विधिम् । ] विदूषक - भोदि । विसेसेण पाणभोषण तुवरावेहि । [ भवति । विशेषेण पानभोजन त्वरय ।] Vzdūshaka - Oh! Ho! the time of bieakfast has arrived for the Brāhman and for your Majesty also The physicians say that it is bad for the health to be kept waiting past the appointed hour King --Haradatta ' what do you say ? Haradatta -It is no time foi me to speak Kang (Looleeng towards Haradatta) -Then we will see your skill in teaching exhibited to-moilow In the meantime take rest Haradatta ---As the King commands [Exit Haradatta Queen -Let my husband take the customary bath Vidūshaka - Never mind the bath! Let breakfast come with expiess speed! 1 to Bollensen reads Astr vinyasya vachanavakasotra This seems mean, is there really an opening for another to speak? The matter requires no words, it is self evident ·( 48 ) परिव्राजिक-( उत्थाय ) स्वस्ति भवते। ( इति सपरिजनया देव्या सह निष्क्रान्ता) विदूषक -भो वनस्स | ण केवल रूवे, सिप्पे वि अद्दुदामा मालविया । [ भो वयस्य । न केवलं रूपे, शिल्पेऽप्यद्वितीया मालविका।] । राजा-वयस्या अव्याजसुन्दरी तां निज्ञानेन ललितेन योजयता। परिकल्पितो विधात्रा बाण कामस्य विपदिग्ध ॥ १३ ॥ किं बहुना, सखे । चिन्तयितव्योऽस्मि । विदूपक -भवदा वि अह । दिढ विपणिकदू विश्न मे हिअप्रभतर दज्झइ । [ भवताप्यहम् । दृढ विपणिकन्दुरिव मे हृदयाभ्यन्तर दह्यते । ] राजा-एवमेव भवान्सुहृदर्थेऽरि त्वरताम् । Puriviājikā (rising up) -Health to your Majesty! [Exit with the Queen, who 13 accompanied by her attendants ] Vidūshaka -Ha! not only in beauty but in artistic skill is Mālavikā unmatched King—The Creatoi, by furnishing her, who is so natuially beautiful, , with attiactive accomplishments, prepared an arrow of love steeped in poison Why should I say more ? You must think upon me (13) Vzdūshaka - You ought also to take thought for my comfort The inside of my stomach burns like a cauldion in the maikct-place King Of course But exeit yourself for the sake of friend as as you do foi your food, your ·( 19 ) - विदूपक - गहीदक्खणोम्हि । कितु मेहावलीरिणरुद्धा जोएहा विप्र पराहीण- दमणा तत्तहोदी मालविया। भव वि सूरणोपरिसरचरो विहगमो विन प्रामिसलोलुप्रो भीरुप्रो । ता अरणादुरो भविन कजसिद्धि पत्थग्रतो मे रामसि । [ गृहीतक्षरणोऽ- ऽस्मि । किन्तु मेघावलीनिरुद्धा ज्योत्स्नेव पराधीनदर्शना तत्रभवती मालविका । भवानपि सूनापरिसरचर इव गृध्र आमिषलोलुपो भीरुकश्च । तस्मादनातुरो भूत्वा कार्यसिद्धि प्रार्थयमानो मे रोचसे।] राजा-कथमनातुरो भविष्यामि ? सर्वान्त पुरवनिताव्यापारप्रतिनिवृत्तहृदयस्य । सा वामलोचना मे स्नेहस्यैकायनीभूता ।। १४ ॥ ( इति निष्क्रान्ता सर्वे) इति द्वितीयोऽङ्क । Vidushala -I have pledged my word ' But it depends upon the will of another, whether one can see the Lady Mālavikā She is like the moon light obscured by clouds As for your Majesty, you amuse me by asking that your wishes may be accomplished, having become quite distressed, like a bird hovering round the shop of a butcher, desirous of meat, but afraid to venture King-Fiiend, how can I help being distressed, since my heart is averse to the society of all the beauties of my harem, and that fail-eyed one has become the only object of my affection? (14) [ [Eaeunt omnes Here ends the Second Act Shankar Pandit explains the origin of this phrase In the formula, inviting Brahmans to the ceremony of the Sraddha, the word kshana is often used Hence, the person who addresses in the words of the. formula (the Sruddhahizt) is said to give the kshana, and the peison to whom it is adaressed is said to take the kshana in the language of ignorant priests Tarinātha reads grehitadałshino'smi, I have received the reward (usually gren to B ahmans at the end of a sacrifice) 4

·( 50 )
तृतीयोऽङ्कः
(तत प्रविशति परिव्राजिकाया परिचारिका समाहितिका)
समाहितिका-प्राणत्तम्हि भगवदोए- समाहिदिए । देवस्स उवापरणत्थं
बीअर गेरिहन आग्रच्छ ति । ता जाव पमदवणपालिम महुअरिनं अएणेसामि ।
(परिक्रम्यावलोक्य ) एसा तवरणीपासोम प्रोलोमती महुअरिमा चिट्ठदि । ता जाव
रण उवसप्पामि । [प्राज्ञप्तास्मि भगवत्या-समाहितिके । देवस्योपवनस्थं बीजपूरक
गहीत्वागच्छति। तद्यावत्प्रमदवनपालिका मधुकरिकामन्विष्यामि । एषा तपनीया-
शोकमवलोकयन्ती मधुकरिका तिष्ठति । तद्यावदेनामुपसर्पामि।
(तत प्रविशत्युद्यानपालिका)
समाहितिका-( उपसृत्य ) महुअरिए । अवि सुहो दे उजाणवावारो ?
[ मधुकरिके | अपि सुखस्त उद्यानव्यापार ?]
मधुकरिका-अम्हो समाहिदिया। महि । सागद दे। [अहो समाहितिका ।
सखि । स्वागत ते।]
ACT III
Enter Samaliratika, an ette ndunt of the Parivrājekā
Samā'lritka-I have icccived the following order from
the Rcvuiend Lady “Buing me a citron, foi I wish to make
a complimentary present So I will go and look for
Mādhakalihā, the keeper of the pleasure-garden (TValking
gound and looking )
Ah! thue stands Madhulurka contemplating a golden
Asoki trce So I will go and salute her
Enter the keepca of the garden,
Samābhrztikā (going up to her) —Madhukarıkā! Is your
duty of looking after the shrubbery going on well!
Mudhukırıkā - Why, here is Samābhritikā Welcome
to you, my friend
1 Tārānātha and Bollensen give devassa uvavantham a citron in the
garden of the King

·( 51 ) समाहितिका- हला | भगवदी प्राणवेदि अरित्तपाणिणा अम्हारिसजणेण तत्तहोदी देवी देक्खिदव्वा, ता वीअपूरएण सुस्मूमिदु इच्छामित्ति । [ सखि । भगवत्याज्ञापयति । अरिक्तपाणिनास्मादृशजनेन तनमवती देवी द्रव्या, तद्वीजपूरकरण शुश्रूपितुमिच्छामीति ।] मधुकरिका-रणं सरिणहिद बीजपूरम। कहेहि दाव अएणोएणसघरिसिदाण एट्टापरिपारण उवदेस देक्खिन कदरो मनवदीए पससिदोत्ति ? [ ननु सनिहित बीजपूरकम् । कथय तावदन्योऽन्यसपितयोट्विाचार्ययोरुपदेश दृष्ट्वा कतरो भगवत्या प्रशसित इति । समाहितिका-दुवे वि किल आअमिणा पनोअरिणउणा अ। किंतु निस्साए मालविवाए गुणविमेसेण गणदासस्स उवदेसो पस सेदो। [ द्वावपि क्लिागमिनौ प्रयोगनिपुणौ च। किंतु शिष्याया मालविकाया गुणविशेपेण गणदासस्योपदेश प्रशसित ।] मधुकरिका-अह मालविभागद कौलोणं कोरिस सुणीप्रदि ? [अय माल- विकागत कौलीन कीदृशं श्रूयते ? ] Samābhritikā - Listen! The Reveiend Lady commands _"Her Majesty the Queen must not be approached by people like myself with empty hands, therefore I wish to honour her with the gift of a citron Madhukarıkā -Surely, here is a cition neai you Just tell me now, which of the two professois of dancing, who were quarrelling with one another, did the Reveiend Lady appiove of, after beholding the performances of theii pupils ? Samābhritikā --Both of them are thioughly acquainted with the science of dancing and clever execution But the teaching power of Ganadāsa was ianked the highei of the two on account of the admuable qualities of his pupil Mudhukarıkā --Well, is theie any gossip going about with regaid to Mālavikā ? . 1n ·( 52 ) समाहितिमा-बाढ ग्वु तस्सि साहिलासो भट्टा। किंतु केवल देवीए धारिणीर चित्तं रातो अनरणो पहुत्तण दसेदि। मालविया वि इमेसु दिप्रसेसु अणुहूदमुत्ता विन मा नशमला मिनाप्रमाणा लखानदि । अदो वर ण जाणे, विसजेहि म । [बाढ खलु तम्या साभिलाषो भर्ता । कितु केवल देव्या धारिण्या- श्चित्त रक्षनात्मन प्रभुत्व दर्शयति । मालविकाप्येषु दिवसेष्वनुभूतमुक्तेव मालती- माला म्लाना लक्ष्यते । अत पर न जाने, विसृज माम् । ] मधुरिमा-एद माहावलबिद बीअपूरन गेएह । [ एतच्छाखावलम्बित बीजपूरक गृगण ।] सम हितिका-तह (इति नाट्येन वीजपुरक गृहीत्वा ) हला | तुम वि अदो पेमलदर साहुजरणसुम्साए फल पावेहि। [तथा। सखि | त्वमप्यत पेशलतर माधुजनशुपाया फल प्राप्नुहि । ] ( इति प्रस्थिता) मधुकरिका-हला | समं जेब गच्छम्ह । अह वि इमस्स चिराप्रमाण- कुसुमोग्गमम्स तवरणीपासोअस्स दोहलणिमित्त देवीए णिवेदेमि । [ सखि | सममेव गच्छाव । अहमप्यम्य चिरायमारणकुसुमोद्गमस्य तपनीयाशोकस्य दोहदनिमित्त देव्यै निवेदयामि । Samābhritikā -Certainly The King is desperately in love with her, but in order to spare the feelings of Queen Dhāiinī, he does not display the stiength of his passion Malavikā, too, in these days is seen to be fading like a jasmine gailand that hus been worn and thiown away More than that I do not know Give me leave to depart Madhulcarıkā -Take this citron hanging on the bianch Samabhrtıka (pretendiny to take it) —Ah! may you obtain, for your ieadiness to oblige my saintly mistiess, a better fruit than this Madhulturalea (cada aneing) -Friend I we will go together I also will give the Queen information about this golden Asoka-tree, which is delaying to burst into blossom, because it waits to be touched by the foot of a beautiful woman Tärinäha has the Prīkrit equivalent of anubhūtamurchchheva, that has suffered fading 2 Tārānātha and Bollensen read pesalaa, am, more tender 3 This fancy 18 perpetually recurring in Sanskrit poetry . 1 १ 1 ·( 53 ) . समाहितिका-जुजइ, अहिारो खु तुह। [युज्यते, अधिकार खलु तव ।] ( इति निष्क्रान्ते) इति प्रवेशकः । (तत प्रविशति कामयमानावस्थो राजा विदूषकश्च ) राजा-(प्रात्मानं विलोक्य ) शरीरं क्षामं स्यादसति दयितालिङ्गनसुखे भवेत्सास्रं चक्षु क्षणमपि न सा दृश्यत इति । तया सारङ्गाक्ष्या त्वमसि न कदाचिद्विरहितं प्रसक्ते निर्वाणे हृदय | परिताप व्रजलि किम् ? ॥१॥ विदूपक-प्रल भवदो धीरद उज्झिन परिदेविदेण । दिट्ठा खु मए तत्तहो दीए मालविनाए पिप्रसही बउलावलिया। सुरणाविदा अ मह ज भवदा सदिट्ठ । [अल भवतो धीरतामुज्झित्वा परिदेवितेन । दृष्टा खलु मया तत्रभवत्या माल- विकाया प्रियसखी बकुलावलिका । आविता च मया यद्भवता सदिष्टम् । ] Sumā liratzkā - Quite proper Indeed, it is your duty. [Forunt Hcrc ends the Interlude Enter the King in a love-sick state, and the l'idiishuku King - My body may be thin as it has not the joy of embı icing the beloved , my eye may be filled with tears because she is not seen by it even for a moment, but thou, my heart, are not separated foi a single instant from that antelope-eyed one , why then dost thou suffe1 agony, when thy consolation is evei neai thee? (1) Vidīshaka --Let your Highness cease giving way to teais and abandoning all self-restraint, I have seen Vakulāvalıkā, Mālavikā's dear friend, and I have given her that message which youi Highness enti usted to me 1 Literally, she has been caused to hear 1 ·( 54 ) राजा- तत किमुक्तवती? शिदूपन. - बिएगाबेहि भट्टारम-अणुगहिदम्हि इमिणा णिनोएण। किंदु मा तवस्सिरणी देवीए अहिनदर रखतीए गाअरक्खिदो वित्र रिणही रण सुहं समामादइदया। तह वि घटइस्स त्ति। [विज्ञापय भट्टारकम् - अनुगृहीतास्म्यनेन नियोगेन । क्तुि सा तपस्विनी देव्याधिकतर रक्षन्त्या नागरक्षित इव निधिर्न सुखं समामादयितव्या । तथापि घटयिष्यामीति ।। राजा-भगवन् संकल्पयोने । प्रतिबन्ववत्स्वपि विषयेष्वभिनिवेश्य कि तथा प्रहरसि यया जनोऽय न कालान्तरक्षमो भवति ? ( सविस्मयम् ) क रुजा हृदयप्रमायिनी क च ते विश्वसनीयमायुधम् । मृदु तीक्ष्णतर यदुच्यते तदिद मन्मथ । दृश्यते त्वयि ॥२॥ Kang-What did she say then ? Vidūshaka —"Inform the King that I am favoured by having that duty enti usted to mo But the poor guil being guarded by the Quecn moic culcfully than before, like the Jewell guided by a snake, is not easily to be got at , nevertheless I will do my best Kanj -Oh revered God of Love, child of fancy, having directed my longing to objects unfortunately surrounded with obstacles, thou dost smite me so sorely that I am not able to bear delay (TV2th un t&p7c881on of ustonishment) What proportion is there between this soul-torturing agony and thy bow to all appearances so haimless ? That 'sweet and bitler in a bieath," of which we hear so much, is surely seen in thee, oh God of Desire ! (2) 1 , Alluding to the “precious Jewel, which the snake, though fugly and venomous,' wears in his h«-,> 8705 Starkar Pandit Arcther reading is ndhi, a treasure ·( 55 ) । विदूपक -क भरणामि तस्मि साहरिणज्जे कज्जे किदो मए उवाओवक्खे- प्रोत्ति । ता पजवत्यावेदु भवं अत्तारण। [ ननु भणामि तस्मिन्सावनीये कायें कृतो मयोपायोपक्षेत्र इति । तत्पर्यवस्थापयतु भवानात्मानम् । ] राजा--प्रथेम दिवसशेषमुचितव्यापारविमुखेन चेतसा व नु खलु यापयामि ? । विदूपक --ण अज एव पढम वसदावदारसूअप्राणि रत्तकुरवप्राणि उवा- अण पेसिन रणववसंतावदारव्ववदेसेण इरावदीए रिणउणियामुहेण पत्थिदो भव 'इच्छामि अज्जउत्तेण सह सेलाहिरोहण अणुहविदु'त्ति । भवदा वि से पडिएणाद । ता पमदवरण एव्व गच्छम्ह । [ नन्वद्यैव प्रथम वसन्तावतारसूचकानि रक्तकुरब- काण्युपायन प्रेष्य नववसन्तावतारव्यपदेशेनेरावत्या निपुरिणकामुखेन प्रार्थितो भवान् 'इच्छाम्यार्यपुत्रेण सह दोलाधिरोहणमनुभवितुम्' इति । भवताप्यस्यै प्रतिज्ञातम्, तत्प्रमदवनमेव गच्छाव । राजा--न क्षममिदम् । विदूपक -कह विन ? [ कथमिव ?] Vzdūshaha - I tell you of 1 truth that I have devised an expedient for cnsuring the cnd we wish to attain , therefore, royal sii, regain yoii composuic Kang -Vell, whche shall I manage to get thiough the rest of the day with a mind tei se to my usual occupations ? Vzdüshaka --Surely, Itāvatī sent you this very day some ied Kuiavaha blossoms indicative of the finst appearance of spiing, anil on the ground of the iccent advent of that season made this icquest to you by the mouth of Nipunikā, “I wish to cnjoy a ride in the swing in company with my husband" Your Highness, too, piomised to giatify her , therefoie, let us go to the pleasure grounds. King --This is impossible Vidushaku -How so?

·( 56 ) राजा-वयस्य | निसर्गनिपुणा स्त्रिय । कथ मामन्यसक्रान्तहृदयमुपलाल- यन्तमपि ते सखी न लक्षयिष्यति ? अत पश्यामि उचित प्रणयो वरं विहन्तु वहव खण्डनहेतवो हि दृष्टा । उपचारविधिर्मनस्विनीनां न तु पूर्वाभ्यधिकोऽपि भावशून्य. ॥ ३ ॥ विदूपक-गारिहदि भव अतेउरट्ठिद दक्खिएण एकपदे पिट्ठदो काहुँ । [ नार्हति भवानन्त पुरस्थित दाक्षिण्यमेकपदे पृष्ठत कर्तुम् । ] राजा-(विचिन्त्य ) तेन हि प्रमदवनमार्गमादेशय । विदूपक -इदो इदो भव -इदो इदो भव । [ इत इतो भवान् । (उभौ परिकामत ) विदूपक ---ण एद पमदवण पवणबलचलाहि पल्लवगुलीहि तुवरेदि विम Kinj -Aly friend, women are by natuie disceining Now that my heart is devoted to another, how will your friend help perceiving it, even when I am caressing her ? Therefore, I see clerrly that it is better to refuse a proper icquest, for I know many plausible ieasons for disappointing her, than to go through the form of shewing regard to shaipsighled women, even if with more empressement than before, supposing it be void of passion (3) Vidīshaka - You ought not suddenly to thiow behind your back youi invaliable couitesy to the ladies of your haiem King (htfit etant) --Then chew the way to the pleasuie-giounds Vadīshaku - This way, this way, your Highness Both zvalk round Vidīshaka ---The spring by means of these finger-like Purvūbhyadhikah is explained by Tīrānātha to mean pīrvam abhya dhikalt, te, before cxc sive, but now void of passion 1 me . H ·( 57 ) भवलं पवेसिदु। [ नन्वेतत्प्रमदवन पवनवलचलाभि पल्लवाडगुलीभिस्त्वरयतीव भवन्त प्रवेष्टुम् ।] राजा-( स्पर्श रूपयित्वा ) अभिजात खलु वसन्त । सखे । पश्य उन्मत्ताना श्रवणसुभगै कूजितै कोकिलानां सानुक्रोशं मनसिजरुज सह्यतां पृच्छतेव । अङ्गे चूतप्रसवसुरभिर्दक्षिणो मारुतो मे सान्द्रस्पर्श करतल इव व्यापृतो माधवेन ॥ ४ ॥ विदूपक -पविस णिव्वुमदिलाहान । [प्रविश निर्वृतिलाभाय । ] ( उभौ प्रविशत ) विदूषक - अवधाणेण दिद्धि देहि । एद खु भवत विन विलोहइदुकामाए पमदवणलच्छीए जुवदीवेसलजावअत्तिन वसंतकुसुमणेवत्थ गहिदं । [अवधानेन दृष्टि देहि । एतत्खलु भवन्तमिव विलोभयितुकामया प्रमदवनलक्ष्म्या युवतिवेषलज्जा- पयितृक वसन्तकुसुमनेपथ्य गृहीतम् । ] shoots, agitated by the wind, as it weie, beckons on your Highness to enter this pleasure-ground, Kang (maleeng as of something evere touchang rem) - Surely the Spring is noble in his sympathy Observe, friend He as it were, compassionately asking by the notes of love-intoxicated cuckoos, agi eeable to the eai, how I manage to bear the torture of my passion, has made the southern wind fragrant with mango blossoms to play upon my body, like the palm of a hand gently stroking me (4) Vidishukra --Entel, that you may obtain tranquillity of mind Both enter the yar den Vadīshaka - Oh my friend, look carefully aiound you, Surely the presiding goddess of the pleasuie-giove must desile to alluie you, since she has donned this iobe of sping flowers that puts to shame the adornment of a young lady , ·( 58 ) राजा-ननु विस्मयादवलोकयामि । रक्ताशोकरुचा विशेपिगुणो बिम्बावरालक्तक प्रत्याख्यातविशेषक कुरबक श्यामावदातारुणम् । आक्रान्ता तिलकक्रिया च तिलकैर्लग्नद्विरेफाअनै सावज्ञेव मुखप्रसाधनविधौ श्रीर्माधवी योषिताम् ॥ ५ ॥ (उभौ नाट्वेनोद्यानशोभा निर्वर्णयत ) ( तत प्रविशति पर्युत्सुका मालविका ) मालविका-अविरणादहिअ भट्टार अहिलसी अत्तणो वि दाव लजेमि । कुदो विहवो सिरिणद्धस्स महीजणस्म इम वुत्तत प्राचक्खिदु ? रण जाणे अप्पडि- आरगरुनं वेपण केत्तिन काल मअणो म इस्सदित्ति । ( इति कतिचित्पदानि गत्वा) आ, कहिं खु पत्थिदम्हि ? ( इति स्मृतिमभिनीय ) आदिट्ठम्हि देवीए- 'मालविए । गोदमचापलादो दोलापरिभट्टाए सरुजौ मह चलणौ। तुम दाव गदुअ तवणीपासोअस्स दोहल रिणवदेहि त्ति' । जइ सो पञ्चरत्तब्भतरे कुसुम दसेदि तदो King --Indeed, I behold it with astonishment The red dye of the bumb-like lip is sui passed in eicellence by the splendour of the ied Asoka , the Kuraraka-flowei, darkblue, white, and ied, trarscends the painting on the forchead, the oinament of the spot between the eyebrows is surpassed by talaka-blossoms having bees clinging to them black as collyrium , the goddess of Veinal Beauty seems to laugh to scorn the art of adoining the facel as practised by women (5) Both of them admire the beauty of the garden Enter Malavrka in u state of agitation Malavikā -I am ashamed in my own heart, when I think I am in love with the King, whose heart I do not know. How, then, can I tell this fact to my dear friend ? I do not know for how long a time love will bıing me into this irremediably severe suffering (Having advanced some steps) Where am I going now? (After reflecting) Ah! 1. Tīrānātha reads sul hapı asīdhanavidhau, the art of adoinment without effort ·( 59 ) अह अहिलासपूरइत्तम पसाद दावइस्स ति। ता जाव विमोप्रभूमि पढमं गदा होमि, दाव अणुपद मह चलणालंकारहत्थाए ब उलावलिपाए प्रापदव्वं, ता परिदेव- इस्स ताव वीमद्ध मुहुत्तम। [अविज्ञातहृदयं भर्तारमभिलषन्त्यात्मनोऽपि तावल्लजे । कुतो विभत्र स्निग्वस्य सखोजनस्येम वृत्तान्तमाख्यातुम् ? न जानेऽप्रतिकारगुरुका वेदना फियन्त काल मदनो मा नेष्यतीति । श्रा, कुत्र खलु प्रस्यितास्मि ? आदिष्टास्मि देव्या-'मालविके। गोतमचापलाहोलापरिभ्रष्टाया सरुजौ मम चरणौ। त्व तावद्गत्वा तपनीयाशोकस्य दोहद निवतंय' इति । यद्यसौ पञ्चरात्राभ्यन्तरे कुसुमं दर्शयति, ततोऽहमभिलाषपूरयितुक प्रसाद दापयिष्यामीति । तद्यावन्नियोगभूमि प्रथम गता भवामि, तावदनुपद मम चरणालकारहस्तया बकुलावलिकयागन्तव्यम्, तत्परि- देवयिष्ये तावद्विस्त्रब्ध मुहूर्तकम् । ] ( इति परिकामति ) विदूषक -( दृष्ट्वा ) ही ही, वअस्म । एद खु सीहुपाणुव्वेजिदस्य मच्छ- डिना उवरणदा। [आश्चर्यमाश्चर्यम्, वयस्य । एतत्खलु सीधुपानोद्वेजितस्य मत्स्यण्डि- कोपनता।] राजा-अये, किमेतत् ? I received this orier from the Queen “My feet hurt me "terribly, as I have had a fall from a swing, owing to the scarclessness of Gautima, do thou therefore perform the "ceremony of fertilizing the golden Asoka-tree, if in five "nughts from this time it displays flowers, I will (she stops sspeaking and heaves a sigh) bestow on thee a boon which will 'gratify thy desires Well I have come first to the place where I am to perform this duty While I am waiting till Vakulāv alıhā comes after me with the pigment for the fcet, I will foi a moinent weep undisturbed (She walks round) Vidūshaka - Ha! ha! here is fine sugar offered you, now that you are confused with drinking rum V 1 King -Ah! What is that? 1 Shankar Pandit points out that fine sugar cures people, under the influence of intoxication Tarīnītha also is of opinion that the inspissated Juice of sugar cane is good for people in that state ·( 60 ) विदूषक - एसा णादिपरिक्खिदवेसा असुअवप्रणा एप्राइणी मालविया अदूरे वट्टदि । [ एषा नातिपरिष्कृतवेषोत्सुकवदनैकाकिनी मालविकाऽदूरे वर्तते । ] राजा-(सहर्षम् ) कथ मालविका । विदूषक -अह इ । [अथ किम् । ] राजा-शक्यमिदानी जीवितमवलम्बयितुम् । त्वदुपलभ्य समीपगता प्रिया हृदयमुच्छ्वसित मम त्रिक्लवम् । तरुवृतां पथिक्स्य जलार्थिन: सरितमारसितादिव सारसात् ॥६॥ अथ क तत्रभवती? विदूषक-एसा तरुराइमज्झादो रिपक्कता इदो ज्जेव परिवट्टती दीसइ । [ एषा तरुराजिमध्यान्निष्क्रान्तेत एव परिवर्तमाना दृश्यते । राजा-( विलोक्य, सहर्षम् ) वयस्य । पश्याम्येनाम् । विपुलं नितम्बदेशे मध्ये क्षाम समुन्नत कुचयो । अत्यायत नयनयोर्मम जीवितमेतदायाति ॥७॥ Vidūshaka - There stands Mālavikā at no gieat distance, somewhat insufficiently adorned, with the appearance of one afflicted with longing, and alone Kang (delighted) -What I Malavika ? Vzdichaka - Certainly King --Now my life may find support Hearing from you that my beloved is near, my distracteū heart once more ievives, like the heart of a thirsty travellei when he learns from the ciy of the sārasa that a tree-bordered river is near Well! Where is the lady? (6) Vedushaka --Here she is coming in this very direction, having emerged from the midst of a row of trees King -My fuiend f behold her Broad in her bumbalike hips, thin in the waist, swelling in the bosom, very long in the eyes, she-my life-1s coming hither (7) ·(61) सखे । पूर्वस्मादतिमनोहरावस्थान्तरमुपारूढा तत्रभवती । तथा हि- शरकाण्डपाण्डुगण्डस्थलेयमाभाति परिमिताभरणा । माधवपरिणतपत्रा कतिपयकुसुमेव कुन्दलता ॥८॥ विदूपक -एसा वि भव विप्र मणब्वाहिणा परिमिट्टा भविस्मदि । [ एषापि भवानिव मदनव्याधिना परिमृटा भविष्यति । राजा-सौहार्दमेव पश्यति । मालविका-अन मो ललिदसुउमालदोहलापेक्खी अगिहीदकुसुमणेवत्थे उक्कठिदाए मह अणुकरेदि असोप्रो। जाव एदस्स पच्छाग्रसीदले सिलापट्टए रिणसरणा अत्ताण विणोदेमि । [अय स ललितसुकुमारदोहदापेक्षी अनुगृहीतकुसुम- नेपथ्य उत्कण्ठिताया ममाऽनुकरोत्यशोक । यावदस्य प्रच्छाय शीतले शिलापट्टके निषरणात्मान विनोदयामि । ] विदूपक -सुद भवदा, उक्कठिदम्हि त्ति तत्तहोदी मतेदि । [श्रुत भवता, उत्कण्ठिताम्मीति तत्रभवती मन्त्रयते ।] My friend, the lady is in a different state from what she was in before For she, with hei cheeks pale like the inner part of the sara grass,1 and but few oinaments, appears like the jasminecieeper having its leaves developed in the spring, and with only a few flowers (8) Vidūshaka --She, too, like your Highness,, must be slightly affected with love-sickness Kiny - It is only friendship that sees that Malavika --This Asoka, that is waiting foi the tender touch of a lady's foot, and has not assumed its robe of flowers, imitates me in my state of longing expectation, therefore let me sit down on this slab of rock cool with tbc shade of the tice, and iefresh myself Vidūshuku — Did your Highness heai ? The lady såid "I am in a state of longing " 1 Saccharum Sara (Monier Williams) ·( 62 ) राजा-नैतावता भवन्त प्रसन्नतर्क मन्ये । कुत ? वोढा कुरवकरजसा किसलयपुटभेदशीकरानुगत । अनिमित्तोत्कण्ठामपि जनयति मनसो मलयवान ॥६॥ ( मालविकोपविष्टा) राजा-सखे । इतस्तावदावा लतान्तरितौ भवाव । विदूपक - इरावदि विप्र अदूरे पेक्खामि । [ इरावतीमिवादूरे प्रेक्षे। ] राजा-नहि कमलिनी दृष्ट्वा ग्राह्मवेक्षते मतगज। (इति विलोकयन्स्थित ) मालविका-हिन । हिरवलबरणादो अदिभूलिलघिणो दे मणोरहादो विरम, कि म आमासिन ? [ हृदय । निरवलम्बनादतिभूमिलविनस्ते मनोरथा- द्विरम, कि मामायास्य ? ] - King -Even this much does not make me think you a man of unerring insight For this wind fiom the Malaya mountain, laden with the pollen of the kuravaha flowers, accompanied with drops of water issuing from the opening folds of the buds, produces longing in the mind even without definite cause (9) Malavikā sits down King -My friend come this way, let us hide behind the cieeper Vidushalea,-I think, I see Iravati in the distance Kang -But when he sees a cluster of lotuses, the elephant does not caie for the alligator (He stands gaziny) Malveka-Cease, my heart, from entertaining a baseless and extravagant wish Why dost thou torture me?

·( 63 ) ( विदूषको राजान वीक्षते ) राजा-प्रिये । पश्य वामत्वं स्नेहस्य । औत्सुक्यहेतु विवृणोपि न त्व तत्त्वावबोधैकफलो न तर्क । तथापि रम्भोरु । करोमि लक्ष्य- मात्मानमेपा परिदेवितानाम् ॥१०॥ विदूप-सपद भवदो हिस्समन भविस्मदि। एमा अप्पिदममरणसदेसा विवित्ते ण बउलावलिया उवट्ठिदा। [साम्प्रतं भवतो नि सशय भविष्यति । एषार्पितमदनसदेशा विविक्ने ननु बकुलावलिकोपस्थिता।] राजा-अपि स्मरेदसावस्मदभ्यर्थनाम् ? विदूषक -किं दारिण एसा दासोए दुहिता तुह गरुग्रं सदेस विसुमरेदि ? अह दाव ण विसुमरेमि । [ किमिदानीमेषा दास्या दुहिता तव गुरुकं सदेश विस्मरति ? अह तावन्न विस्मरामि । The Vidūshaku looks at the King King -My beloved, observe the beautiful natures of love Thou dost not ievcal any cause of thy pining, noi is conjecture invariably to be relied upon," nevertheless, beautiful one, I consider myself the theme of all these lamentations (10) Vidīshaka ---Now your Highneas may be free from anxiety, for here comes Vakulāvalıkā alone, she to whom I gave the message of love King - I wonder whether she will remember my petition Vzdūshaka - What! Do you suppose that that daughter of a female slave will forget such a weighty message from your Highness ? 1 Tirānātha reads mahattuam, the greatness, the mighty power 2 Literally, distinguished for the quality of being able to know only that which forms the truth (SPP) ·( 64 ? . ? (प्रविश्य चरणालकारहस्ता बकुलावलिका ) बकुलावलिका-अवि सुह सहीए ? अपि सुख सख्या १] मालविका-अम्हो, बउलावलिया उट्टिदा । सहि | साप्रद दे। उविस । [अहो, बकुलावलिकोपस्थिता । सखि । स्वागत ते । उपविश । बकुलावलिका- ( उपविश्य ) हला | तुमं दाणि जोगदाए णिउत्ता। ता एक्कं दे चलण उवणेहि जाव सालत्तम सरणेउर अ करेमि । [ सखि । त्वमिदानी योग्यतया नियुक्ता। तस्मादेक ते चरणमपनय यावत्सालक्तक सनूपुर च करोमि ।] मालविका-(प्रात्मगतम् ) हिअन । अल सुहिददाए, उवढिदो अभ विहवो । कह दारिंग अत्तारण मोचेन ? अहवा एदं एव्व मे मित्तमडरण भविस्सदि। [ हृदय । अल सुखितया, उपस्थितोऽय विभव । कथं वेदानोमात्मान मोचयेयम् ? अथवा एतदेव मे मृत्युमण्डन भविष्यति ।] बकुलावलिका- किं विनारेसि ? ऊसुमा खु इमस्स तवणीपासोमस्स कुसुमोग्गमे देवी। [किं विचारयसि ? उत्सुका खल्वस्य तपनीयाशोकस्य कुसुमोद्गमे देवी।] Enter takulāvalıkā, with the pigment for the feet in Tuer Land Vakulāvalıkā -- Is my friend happy ? Malavela --Ah! here is Vakulāvalıkā come Welcome my friend, sit down Valutavalilca-Hal invested with an equality with the Queen, therefore give me one of your feet that I may paint it with lạc, and put the anklet on it Mālavikā (to herself) -Heart! do not consider thyself happy, because this office has revolved upon me How can I now free myself ? Never mind! This painting will certainly be my funeral adornment Vakulāvalıkā —What are you thinking of ? You know the Queen is anxious that that golden Aśoka-tree should put forth flowers -Hai you are now ·( 65 ) राजा-कथमशोकदोहदनिमित्तोऽयमारम्भ ? विदूपक -किंणु खु जाणासि तुम-मह कालणादो देवी म अतेउरणेवच्छेण योजइम्मदि त्ति ? [कि न खलु जानासि त्वम्-मम कारणाद्देवी मामन्त पुरनेपथ्येन योजयिष्यतीति ?] मालविका-हला | मरिसेहि दाव रण। [ सखि । मर्षय तावदेनम् । ] ( इति पादमुपहरति ) वकुलावलिका-अइ । सरीरमं सि मे । [अयि शरीरमसि मे।] ( इति नाट्येन चरणसस्कारमारभते) राजा- चरणान्तनिवेशितां प्रियाया सरसा पश्य वयस्य । रागलेखाम् । प्रथमामिव पल्लवप्रसृति हरदग्धस्य मनोभवद्रुमस्य ॥११॥ King -What I is all this pieparation for the sake ot fulfilling the longing of the Asoka ? Vidushaka — Why, do you not know that the Queen would not, without reason, cause her to be adorned with the ornaments of the harem ? Malavika (holds out her foot)-- Come, paidon me tho trouble I am now giving you Vakulāvalıkā -Why, you are as dear to me as my own body (She pretends to begin the painting of Mālavıkā's foot) Kung - Friend ! observe the moist streak of colour placed upon the extremity of my darling's foot, like the first peeping forth of the bud of tree of love consumed by Sival (11) 1 Manobhava, the mind born, e, Kama, god of love, was consumed by the fire of Siva s eye, and therefore called Ananga Weber suggests that the myth was invented to explain the name. Perhaps sarasun means charming as well as moist 5 ·( 66 ) विदूषक -चलणाणुरूवो तत्तहोदीए अहिारो उवक्खित्तो। [ चरणानुरू- पस्तत्रभवत्या अधिकार उपक्षिप्त ।] राजा-सम्यगाह भवान् । नवकिसलयरागेणाप्रपादेन बाला स्फुरितनखरुचा द्वौ हन्तुमर्हत्यनेन । अकुसुमितमशोकं दोहदापेक्षया वा प्रणमितशिरस वा कान्तमाापराधम् ॥१२॥ विदूपक.-पहरिस्सदि तत्तहोदी तुमं अवरद्ध । [प्रहरिष्यति तत्रभवती त्वामपराद्धम् । ] राजा-मूर्ना प्रतिगृहीत वच सिद्धिदशिनो ब्राह्मणस्य । Vadīshaka - Truly, the ornamental painting laid on the foot of the lady suits it well i King -Sır, you have spoken the exact tiuth The girl deserves to smite two things with this point of her foot, of the hue of a young bud, on which flashes the gleam of the nails, both the Aśoka th it has not yet flowered as longing for the cei emony of the dohada, and her lover standing with bowed head, having recently commitled an offence (12) Vråūshaka --You will have an opportunity of offending the lady King -I accept the auspicious word of a Brāhman who foresees success 1 Tarānātha reads ahiaro, Bollensen adhiūro Both mean the duty imposed, &c 2 Pranıhita, which Shankar Pandit reads, and pranamita, the reading of Tarān itha's edition, are pretty nearly identical in meaning. The literal meaning of the former is, "laid down in front of his mistress) » 3 Shankar Pandit observes, “this does not refer to any knowledge that Vidushaka possessed of the art of foretelling, but simply to the fact hat a blessing given by a Brāhman is fulfilled by the gods." ."

·( 67 )
तत प्रविशति युक्तमदा इरावती चेटी च )
इरावती-हजे णिउरिणए । सुणामि बहुसो मदो किल इत्थिनाजणस्स
विसेसमंडण त्ति । अवि सच्चो एमो लोअवारो ? [ हल्ले निरिणके । शृणोमि
बहुशो मद किल स्त्रीजनस्य विशेषमण्डनमिति । अपि सत्य एष लोकवाद ?]
निपुणिका-पढम लोअवानो एव्व, अज सच्चो सवुत्तो। [प्रथम लोकवाद
एव, अद्य सत्य सवृत्त.।]
इरावती-प्रल मयि सिणेहेण । कहेहि कुदो दारिंग प्रोगमिदव्वं दोलाघर
पढमं गदो भट्टा ण वेत्ति । [अलं मयि स्नेहेन । कथय कुत इदानीमवगन्तव्य
दोलागृह प्रथम गतो भर्ता न वेति ।]
निपुणिका-भट्टिणीए अखडिदादो पणादो। [ भट्टिन्या अखण्डितात्
प्ररण्यात् । ]
इरावती-प्रलं सेवाए, मज्झत्थद परिगहिन भरणाहि । [अलं सेवया,
मध्यस्थता परिगृह्य भरण।]
Enter Irāvatī in a state of intoxication, and her attendant
Il avati -Nipunikā, my gul, I have often heard that
intoxication is an especial ornament to women
think that this popular saying is true ?
Do you
Neprunaka -It was formerly a mere popular saying ,
now it has become true,
Irāvati - Cease your flattering speeches
How did you
discover, on the present occasion, that the King had gone on
before me to the house in which the swing is?
Nepunikā ---I inferred it from his unfailing affcction for
you, his Queen
Iravati -No more of that adulation, speak as if you
were an indifferent person,

·( 68 ) नियुणिका - वसतोम्सुवुवापरणलोलुवेण अजगोदमेण कहिन तुवरदु भट्टिणी त्ति । वसन्तोत्सवोपायनलोलुपेनार्यगौतमेन कयित त्वरता भट्टिनीति ।] इरावती--(अवस्थासदृश परिक्रम्य ) हजे। मदेण किलाप्रमाण अत्तारण अजउत्तम दसणे हिअन तुवरेदि । चलणा उण ण मह पसरदि। [हजे । मदेन काम्यमानमात्मानमार्यपुत्रस्य दर्शने हृदय त्वरयति । चरणौ पुनर्न मम प्रसरत ।) निपुगिका–ण सपत्तम्ह दोलाघर । [ ननु सप्राप्ते स्त्रो दोलागृहम् । ] इरावती-णिउणिए । अजउत्तो एत्य रण दीसदि। [ निपुणिके 1 पार्य- पुत्रोऽत्र न दृश्यते।] निपुणिका-ण भट्टिणीए अोलोअदु। परिहासरिणमित्त कहि वि अदिट्टेण भत्तुणा होदव्व । अम्हे वि पिअगुलदापरिक्खित्त असोअसिलापट्टनं पविसम्ह । [ ननु भट्टिन्यवलोकयतु । परिहासनिमित्नं कुत्राप्यदृष्टेन भा भवितव्यम् । प्रावामपि प्रियगुलतापरिक्षिप्तमशोकशिलापट्टक प्रविशाव ।] इरावती -तह । [ तथा।] Nipunkā —The noble Gutama told me, being desiious of a spring gift Let your Highness come quickly Iravati (esalleang round as well as her state vall. permat) - Oh! my heait urges me on to bchold my husband, though I am ovci powered with intoxication, but my fcet will not advance on the path Napumla -Now, indeed, we have arrived at the summer-house where the swing 1s Iravati -But, Nipunika, I do not see my hushand in it Nipunekā --You must look carefully The King must be hidden somewhere, mearing to play your Highness a trick Let us foi oui part repair to this slab of rock under the Asoka-tice which is overgiown by the Priyangu creeper Iravati -Does so ·( 69) निपुणिका-(विलोक्य ) अोलोअदु भट्टिणी चूदकुर विचिएणतीण पिपीलि- प्राहिं दमिद । । अवलोकयतु भट्टिनी चूता कुर विचिन्वत्यो पिपीलिकाभिर्दष्टम् । ] इरावती-क है विन एद ? [ कथमिवेदम् ? ] निपुणिका-एसा असोअपादवच्छात्राए मालविभाए बउलावलिया चलणा- लकार रिणव्बट्टेदि । [एषाऽशोकपादपच्छाया मालविकाया बकुलावलिका चरणा- लकार निर्वतयति ।] इरावती-(शङ्का स्पयित्वा ) अभूमी अन मालविपाए, कहं एत्थ तकेसि ? [अभूमिरिय मालविकाया , कथमत्र तक्यसि ?] निपुणिका- तकेमि दोलापरिब्भसिदाए सरुप्रचलणाए देवीए असोप्रदोहला- हिसारे मालविना रिणवुत्तेत्ति । अण्णहा कह देवो समधारित्र रणेउरजुअल परि- अणस्स अन्भणुजाणिस्सदि ? [ तर्कयामि दोलापरिभ्रष्ट्या सहजचरणया देव्याऽ शोकदोहदाधिकारे मालविका नियुक्तति । अन्यथा कथं देवी स्वयधारित नूपुरयुगुलं परिजनस्याभ्यनुज्ञास्यति ?] Napunikā (zulkiny round and looking) --Obsei ve, your Highness! While seeking foi the spiout of the mango, we are bitten by red ants Irāvatz - What does that mean? Napunkā-Heic is Vakulāvalıkā adoining the foot of Mālavıkā in the shade of th: Asoka-tiee Irāvati (exhibiting signs of suspicion) --This is not a pioper place for Mälavikā What conjectuie do you form ? Napunilcā --I conjecture that the Queen, who has had a fall' fiom a swing, has appointcu Mālavıkā to perform the cercmony of the dohada for the Asoka- tice, otherwise how could she have permitted her attendant to wear this pair of anklets which she herself uscs ? 1 Tarkavāgıśa reads thu Prābuita cquivalent of dola parzbhyasthasaruja char anaya, whose feet are painful owing to a fall ·(70) इरावती-महदी खु मे सभावरणा। [ महती खल्वस्या सभावना।] निपुणिका-किरण अण्णेसीप्रदि भट्टा ? [कि नान्विष्यते भर्ता ?] इरावती-हला । ण मे चलणा अण्णदो पवट्टति । मणो मं विपारेदि । आसकिदस्स दाव अत गमिस्स । (मालविका निर्वर्ण्य निरूप्यात्मगतम् ) ठाणे खु कादर मे हिन्न । सखि । न मे चरणावन्यत प्रवर्त्तते । मनो मा विकारयति । पाशवितम्य तावदन्तं गमिष्यामि । स्थाने खलु कातर मे हृदयम् ।] बकुलावलिका-( मालविकायै चरण दर्शयन्ती । अवि रोअदि दे राप्ररेहा- विएगासो ? [अपि रोचते ते रागरेखाविन्यास ?।] मालविका-हला । अत्तणो चलणं त्ति लजेमि रण पससिदु। तेण पसाहण- कलाए अहिणीदासि । [ सखि | आत्मनश्चरण इति लज्जे एन प्रशसितुम् । तेन प्रसाधनकलायामभिनीतासि । ] Irāvatı ---It is certainly a gieat honour to her 1 Napunikā --Why do you not seaich for your husband ? Irārate-Girl, my feet refuse to go to any other place My mind is distracted? ' I will, in the meantime, arrive at certainty with iespect to my suspicions Osserving Mäluvikā, to herself) Not without reason Not without reason is my mind despondent Vakulāralıkā (culliny attention to Māluvrhās foot) -Aie you pleased with the way in which the lines of colour are arranged on your foot ? 3 4 Mālavıkā -As it is on my own foot, I am ashamed to piaise your handiwork Tell me who instiucted you in the art of adornment 1 Bollensen reads me for se, and explains sambhāvanā as suspicion 2 Tiranātha and Bollensen read the Prikrit equivalent of "mada mām vrkārzyatt," intoxication quite upsets me 3 28 , ascertain whether the King 15 in love with Malavika or not 4 She is struck with Malavikā's beauty (Shankar Pandit) ·( 71 ) बकुलावलिका-एत्थ खु भत्तुणो सीसम्हि । [अत्र खलु भर्तुं शिप्याम्मि।] विदूषक -तुवरेहि दाव ण गुरुदक्षिणाए। त्वरय तावदेना गुरुदक्षिणायै । मालविका- दिद्विआ ण गविदासि । [ दिष्ट्वा न गर्वितासि । ] बकुलावलिका-उवदेसाणुरूवा चलणा लभिन्न अज दाव गविदा भविस्सं । ( रागं विलोक्यात्मगतम् ) हत, सिद्ध मे दुत्थ। (प्रकाशम् ) सहि । एकस्स दे चलणस्स अवसिदो रामणिक्लेवो। केवल मुहमारुदो लभइदम्वो। अहवा पवाद एदं ठाण। [ उपदेशानुरूपौ चरणौ लब्बाद्य तावद्गविता भविष्यामि । हन्त, सिद्ध मे दूत्यम् । सखि । एकस्य ते चरणस्यावसितो रागनिक्षेप । केवल मुखमारुतो लम्भयितव्य । अथवा प्रवातमेतत्स्थानम् । ] राजा-सखे । पश्य। आालक्तकमस्याश्चरण मुखमारुतेन शोषयितुम् । प्रतिपन्न प्रथमतर सप्रति सेवावकाशो मे ॥ १३ ॥ Vakulāvulikā –In this I am a pupil of the King Vidūshaka - Hasten now to get the teacher's complimentary present Mālavikā -I am glad to see that you aie not conceited Vakulāvalıkā -Having obtained feet worthy of dis playing my skill upon, I shall become conceited now (To herself) I have accomplished my commission' (Lookig at the colour, aloud) My friend, I have finished painting one of your feet It is only necessary to breathe on it? Besides, this place is windy King -My friend, observe, observe Now there has airived an admirable oppoitunity for me to do her a service by fanning with the breath of my mouth her foot, the dye on which is wet (13) 1 Bollensen and Tarānātha read siddho me dappo, my pride is now complete 2 Literally, to apply the wind of the mouth ·(72) विदूपक -कुदो दे अणुसो ? एद भवदा चिरकमेण अणुभविदव्व । [ कुतस्तेऽनुशय ? एतावद्भवता चिरक्रमेणानुभवितव्यम् । ] बकुलावलिका- सहि । अरुणसतपत्तं विन सोहदि दे चलणो सहा भत्तुणो अकपरिवट्टिणी होहि । [ सखि | अरुणशतपत्रमिव शोभते ते चरण. । सर्वथा भर्तुरङ्कपरिवर्तिनी भव । ] ( इरावती निपुरिणकामवेक्षते ) राजा-ममेयमाशी । मालविका-हला । मा अवमरणीन मतेहि । [ सखि । मा अवचनीय मन्त्रयस्व । बकुलावलिका-मतइदन्वं एव्व मतिद मए। [मन्त्रयितव्यमेव मन्त्रित मया] मालविका-पिया खु अह तव । [प्रिया खल्वह तव । ] बकुलावलिका–ण केवल मह । [ न केवल मम।] मालविका-कस्स वा अरणस्स ? [कस्य वाऽन्यस्य । ] Vadīshaka - Why do you regret that you cannot avail yourself of it? You will soon by able to enjoy this privilege for a long time Vakulāvalıkā - Your foot shews like a led lotus May you cei tainly iepose upon the bosom of the King Irāvuta looks Nipunikā in the fuce King - I say Amen to this player Mālavikā -Ah! you are talking nonsence 1 Vakulävalaka --I said cxactly what it is my business to say Malavrkā ---Surely you love me, do you not ? Vakulāvalıkā -I am not the only person who loves you Malavikā --Who else then loves me ? 2 found Bollensen reads mū aviniam manteni, do not say what is unbecoming ze, as having been commissioned by the King ·( 73 ) बकुलावलिका-गुणेसु अहिणिवेसिणो भत्तुणो वि। [ गुणेष्वभिनिवेशिनो भर्तुरपि ।] मालविका-अली मतेसि । एद एब मयि णस्थि । [अलीक मन्त्रयसे । एतदेव मयि नास्ति ।] बकुलावलिका-सच्च तुयि णस्थि । भत्तुणो किसेसु सुंदरपाडुरेसु दीसइ अगेसु । [ सत्य त्वयि नास्ति । भर्तु कृशेषु सुन्दरपाण्डुरेषु दृश्यतेऽङ्गेषु । ] निपुणिका-पढम भणिदं विन हदासाए उत्तर । [ प्रथम भरिणतमिव हताशाया उत्तरम् ।] बकुलावलिका-अणुरानो अणुराएण परिक्खिदवो ति सुप्रणवअणं पमा- गोकरेहि । [ अनुरागोऽनुरागेण परोक्षितव्य इति सुजनवचन प्रमाणोकुरु । ] मालविका - कि प्रत्तणो छदेण मतेसि ? [ किमात्मनश्छन्देन मन्त्रयसि ?] Vakulāvalıkā _Why, the, King also who always has an eye for good qualities These good Malavikā ---You are saying what is false qualities are not in me 1 Pakulāvalrkā ---Are they really not in you ? They ale seen in the emaciated and slightly pale limbs of the King Nzpunikā—The wench gives her answei as if she had up beforehand got it all Vakulāvalıkā ---Rcgulate voui conduct according to the maxim of the good, that love must be tested by love Malavikā -What are you chattering there at your own sweet will ? 1 See the critical note in Shankar Pandit's edition Kātayavema reads, in his chhayā, piatyeshtavyv, to be received 2 ·( 74 ) बकुलावलिका-एहि णहि, भत्तुणो खु एदाइ पणप्रमिदुलाई अक्ख राई वत्तरिदाइ। [ नहि नहि भतुं, खल्वेतानि प्रणयमृदुलान्यक्षराणि वक्त्रान्त- रितानि । ] मालविका-हला । देवि चितिम रण मे हिअन विस्ससदि। [ सखि । देवी चिन्तयित्वा न मे हृदयं विश्वसिति । ] बकुलावलिका-मुद्धे । भमरसबाधो त्ति वसतावदारसबसस्सं कि ण चूद- प्पसवो प्रोदसिदव्वो? [ मुग्वे । भ्रमरसपातो भविष्यतीति बसन्तावतारसर्वस्व कि न चूतप्रसवोऽवतसितव्यः ? ] मालविका-तुम दाव दुज्जादे गच्छतस्य सहाया होहि । [त्वं तावदुति गच्छत सहाया भव ।] बकुलावलिका-विमहसुरही बउलावलिपा खु अह । [ विमर्दसुरभि- बंकुलावलिका खल्वहम् । ] Vakulāvalzka --No indeed, these are but the words of the King, full of affection, ieproduced by me Mālavikā --Ah! thinking of the Queen, my heart feels no confidence Vakulāralıkā -Fcolish girl! Do you suppose a mangoshoot is not to be plucked to ornament the ear, containing as it does in itself the whole essence of the manifestation of sprieg, just because it is beset with bees? Malavika --Well, do you help me to the utmost in this trouble 1 , Vakulāvalıkā -I am a garland of Vakula flowers which becomes more fragrant by crushing ? P 1 Shankar Pandit points out that dugjäe is used by Malavikā in this sense But Vākulāvalıkā takes it as a playful term of abuse, and answers accordingly 2 She means that the more she is abused, the more helpful she will be, She is punning on her own name, which means a garland of Vakula flowers But the pun may turn only on the word dimarda which means both crushing and distress (Shankar Pandit ) ·(75) राजा-साधु, बकुलावलिके । साधु भावनानानन्तर प्रस्तुतेन प्रत्याख्याने दत्तयुक्तोत्तरेण । वाक्येनेयं स्थापिता स्वे निदेशे स्थाने प्राणा कामिनां दूत्यधीना ॥१४॥ इरावती-हजे । पेक्ख कारिद एव्व बउलावलिमाए एदस्सि पद मालवि- पाए। [ हजे ! पश्य कारितमेव बकुलाबलिकयैतस्मिन्पदं मालविकाया ।] निपुणिका-भट्टिरिण ! अहिपारस्स उइदो उवदेसो। [ भट्टिनि । अधिका- रस्योचित उपदेश ।] इरावती-ठाणे खु संकिदं मे हिम गहीदत्था प्रणतरं चितइस्स । [ स्थाने खलु शङ्कित मे हृदयम् । गृहीतार्थाऽनन्तर चिन्तयिष्यामि ।] King --Biavo! Vakulāvalıkā, Biavo! By artfully putting forth hei eirand, as soon as she knew the state of Mālavikā's mind, and by giving the proper answer on her friend's repelling her, she has got Mālavıkā into her power, it is quite right that the lives of lovers have been made dependent upon female go-betweens (14) Vakulāvalıkā has induced Iravati -Observe, my girl Mālavikā to take the step Nipunrkā --Queen' Suggestion produces desire even in one free fiom passion Irāvatī Not without reason indeed was my heart apprehensive When I have got at the facts, I will proceed to think what I am to do -- Or she has induced Mālavilā to consent to the purport of her (Vakulavalıkā's) commission 2 ze, to enter upon the enterprise of trying to become the King's bride ·( 76 ) जाव - बकुलावलिका- एमो दुदीनो वि दे णिव्वुत्त्परिकम्मा चलणो । दुवे वि सणेउर करेमि । ( इति नाल्वेन नूपुरयुगलमामुच्य ) हला | उट्टेहि, असोअविनासइत्तम देवीए णिोन अणुचिट्ठ । [ एष द्वितीयोऽपि ते निवृत्तपरि- कर्मा चरण । यावद्द्वावपि सनूपुरौ करोमि । हला | उत्तिष्ठ, अशोकविकास- यितृक देव्या नियोगमनुतिष्ठ । ]] ( उभे उत्तिष्ठत.) इरावती-सुदो देवीए णिोनो। होदु दारिंग। [ श्रुतो देव्या नियोग । भवत्विदानीम् ।] बकुलावलिका- एसो उवारूढराम्रो उपभोक्खमो पुरदो दे वट्टइ। [ एष उपारूढराग उपभोगक्षम पुरतस्ते वर्तते ।] मालविका-( सहर्षम् ) कि भट्टा ? [ किं भर्ता ?] बकुलावलिका-( सस्मितम् ) ण दाव भट्टा। एसो असोअसाहावलबी पल्लवगुच्छरो। प्रोदमेहि ण। [न तावद्भर्ता । एषोऽशोकशाखावलम्बी पल्लव- गुच्छ । अवतसयैनम् ।] Vakulāvalıkā -Here is youi second fool with its decoration completed Now I will put the anklcts on both (She pretends to put on the two anklets) Come now rise up Perform the duty imposed on you by the Queen of causing the Asoka to blossom Iravati - We have now heard that it is the Queen's order Well, let it pass for the present Valculavalela -Here stands in front of you, flushed, ready for enjoyment,-- Mālavikā (delighted) -- What ? the King Valculavalesa (samalang) -No | not the King, but this cluster of buds hanging on a bough of the Asoka, make an "ear-ornament of it I Upod harago, as applied to the King, means whose love has matured » " As applied to the Asoka tree it means "the redness of whose leaves has increased » (SPP) ·( 77 ) ( मालविका विषादं नाटयति) विदूषक -अवि सुद भवदा ? [ अपि श्रुत भवता ? ] राजा-सखे । पर्याप्तमेतावता कामिनाम्, अनातुरोत्कण्ठितयो. प्रसिद्ध्यता समागमेनापि रतिर्न मा प्रति । परस्परप्राप्तिनिराशयोर्वर शरीरनाशोऽपि समानुरागयो ||१५|| ( मालविका रचितपल्लवावतसा पादमशोकाय प्रहिणोति ) राजा-वयस्य । आदाय कर्णकिसलयमस्मादियमत्र चरणमर्पयति । उभयो सहशविनिमयादात्मान वञ्चित मन्ये ॥१६॥ बकुलावलिका-हला । णत्थि दे दोसो। णिग्गुणो प्रश्न असोयो जब कुसुमोन्भेदमंथरो भवे जो दे चलणसकार लंभित्र। [ सखि ! नास्ति ते दोष । निर्गुणोऽयमशोको यदि कुसुमोभेदमन्थरो भवेत्, यस्ते चरणसत्कार लब्ध्वा ।] (Mālavikā expreesis dejection) Vzdūshaka –Did your Highness hear? King -So much as this is enough for lovers I do not approve of the union, even if successfully brought about, of two lovers, one of whom is ardent, and the other heartwhole, it is better that an equally enamoured pail should even pine away hopeless of mutual happiness (15). Mālavikā, having made an ear-ornament of Asoka-buds, in a playful manner puts forth her foot to stuzke the tree King-Obsei ve, my friend Having taken from the Asoka-tree a shoot for her ear she piesents to it her foot, since the two have exchanged similar gifts, I consider myself defrauded of my rights (16) Valeulavalela - Well, you are not in fault, this Asoka. must be worthless if it should be slow in putting forth flowers, now that it has been blessed by such a foot 1 2 Both Mālavıkā's foot and the shoot of the Asoka being red. 1e, barren (SPP) ·( 78 ) J- अनेन तनुमध्यया मुखरनूपुराराविणा नवाम्बुरुह कोमलेन चरणेन सभावित । अशोक | यदि सद्य एव मुकुलैन संपत्स्यसे वृथा वहसि दोहद ललितकामिसाधारणम् ॥१७॥ सखे । वचनानुसरणपूर्वक प्रवेष्टुमिच्छामि । विदूपक -एहि, रण परिहासइस्सं। [ एहि, एना परिहासयिष्यामि । ] ( उभौ प्रवेशं कुरुत ) निपुणिका-भट्टिणि भट्टिणि | भट्टा एत्थ पविसदि। [ भट्टिनि भट्टिनि । भर्तात्र प्रविशति । ] इरावती-एद मम पढम चितिद हिपएण। [ एतन्मम प्रथमं चिन्तित हृदयेन। King --Oh Aśoka! if after having been honoured by the slender-waisted one with this foot of heis, soft as a young lotus, loud-tinkling with noisy anklets, you are not immediately endowed with flowers, in vain do you nurse a desire shared by sportive' lovers (17) Friend, I wish to present myself, taking a favourable opportuííity of joining in the conversation Vidūshaka -Come along! I will make fun of her Both enter Napunikā --Queen' here is the King appearing on the scene Irāvatı — This is exactly what my heart anticipated at the outset 1 Or it may mean, as Shankar Pandit says, "a desire common with persons fond of the graceful actions of young women, viz , the desire to be kicked by them.” ."

·( 79 ) विदृपक -( उपेत्य ) होदि । जुत्तं णाम अत्तहोदो पिनवअम्सो अनं असोओ ए वामपादेण ताडिदु। [ भवति । युक्त नाम अत्रभवत प्रियवयस्योऽयम- शोको ननु वामपादेन ताडयितुम् । उभे-( ससभ्रमम् ) अम्हो, भट्टा । [अहो, भर्ता।] विदृषक -बउलावलिए | गहीदत्थाए तुए अत्तहोदी ईरिसं अविणयं करती कीस ण णिवारिदा? [ वकुलावलिके | गृहीतार्थया त्वयात्रभवतीदृशमविनय कुर्वन्ती कस्मान्न निवारिता ? ( मालविका भय रूपयति) निपुणिका-भट्टिणि । पेक्ख किं पउत्त अजगोदमेण । [ भट्टिनि । पश्य कि प्रवृत्तमार्यगौतमेन । इरावती - कहं खु बम्हबधू अरणहा जीविस्सदि ? ] कथं खलु ब्रह्मबन्धुरन्यथा जीविष्यति ?] Vidīshaka (advancing) – My lady, it is not at all proper Conduct on your part to strike with you left foot an Asokatree which is the dear friend of the King Both (in a state of trepidation) -Ah ! here is the King Vedūshaka - Vakulāvalıkā! Why did not you as you knew the state of the case, restrain the lady from committing such an impropriety ? Malavikā shows fear Napunikā - Queen, see what the noble Gautama has undertaken Iravati -How else could a low Brahman like him make, a livelihood ? 1 Or literally when attempting to commit.

·(80) वकुलावलिका-अज्ज । एसा देवीए णिप्रोनं अणुचिट्ठदि । एदस्सि अदिकमे परवदी इन । पसीददु भट्टा। ( इत्यात्मना सहना प्रणिपातयति ) [ आर्य । एषा देव्या नियोगमनुतिष्ठति । एतस्मिन्नतिक्रमे परवतीयम् । प्रमीदतु भर्ता । राजा-यशवमनपराद्धासि । उत्तिष्ठ भद्रे । ( हस्तेन गृहीत्वैनामुत्थापयति ) विदूपक -जुज्जइ, देवी एत्थ माणइदव्वा । युज्यते, देव्यत्र मानयितव्या। राजा-(विहस्य) किसलयमृदाविलासिनि कठिने निहितस्य पादपस्कन्वे । चरणस्य न ते बाधा सप्रति वामोरु । वामस्य ।। १८ ॥ ( मालविका लज्जा नाटयति) इरावती-अहो एवणोदकप्पहिरो अज्जउत्तो। [अहो, नवनीतकल्प- हृदय प्रायपुत्र ।] Vakulāvaliku -S11 ! this lady is executing in order of the Queen's In this transgiession she is only the instiument of another Let the King be appeased (She makes Mālavrkā prostrate herself, and falls prostrate at the same time) King-If this is the case, you are not guilty My good girl, rise up ( (He takes her by the hand and raises her up) In this matter you ought to Vidūshala - Quite right show respect for the Queen King-Oh! charming one, I hope you do not now feel any pain in your left foot soft as a young shoot, which you placed on the hard trunk of the tree? beautiful girl ? What say you, ( Mālavikā looks ashamed ) Irāvati (spitefully) --Ah! my husband has a heart as soft as fresh butter ·( 81 ) मालविका- उलावलिए। एहि, अहिद अनणो णिप्रोग्र देवोए णिवेइम्ह । [ बकुलावलिके । एहि, अनुष्ठितमात्मनो नियोग देव्यै निवेदयाव ।] बकुलावलिका-विरणावेहि भट्टार विसजेहि ति। [विज्ञापय भर्तार विमजयेति ।] राजा-भद्रे । यास्यसि मम तावदुत्पन्नावसरमर्थित्व श्रूयताम् । बकुलावलिका-अवहिदा सुणाहि । आणवेदु भट्टा। [अवहिता शृणु । । आज्ञापयतु भर्ता। राजा- धृतिपुष्पमयमपि जनो बध्नाति न तादृश चिरात्प्रभृति । स्पर्शामृतेन पूरय दोहदमस्याप्यनन्यरुचे ॥१॥ इरावती-( सहसोपसृत्य ) पूरेहि पुरेहि । असोप्रो कुसुम ण दसेदि । Malavikā -Come Vakulāvalıkā, let us inform the Queen that we have performed her command Vakulāvalıkā -Then ask the King to give you leave to depart King -My good girl, you may go But hear first my supplication, which has now an opportunity of making itself known Vakulāvalıkā -- Listen attentively! Let the King be pleased to speak King - This person for a long time has not been able to put forth such a blossom of happiness, with the nectar of youi touch , satisfy also the longing of this man devoted to you alone 19 Irāvati (suddenly approaehiny) –Satisfy it, satisfy it; 1 As he will put forth after having been (like the tree) kicked by Malavika 6 ·(82) प्रश्न उण पुप्फदि एव । [ पूरय पूरय । अशोक कुसुम न दर्शयति । अयं पुन पुष्प्यत्येव । ( सर्वे इरावती दृष्ट्वा सभ्रान्ता.) राजा-(अपवार्य ) वयस्य । का प्रतिपत्तिरत्र ? विदूपक -कि अराण ? जघावलं एव्व । [किमन्यत् ? जवाबलमेव ] इरावती-बउलावलिए | तुए साहु तुए उवक्कत दारिण सफलब्भत्थण करेहि अजउत्त । [बकुलावलिके | त्वया साधूपक्रान्तम् । इदानी सफलाभ्यर्थन कुर्यिपुत्रम् ।] उभे-पसीददु भट्टिणी। का अम्हे भत्तुणो पणअपरिग्गहम्स ? [प्रसीदतु भट्टिनी । के आवा भर्नु प्रणयपरिग्रहम्य ? ] ( इति निष्क्रान्ते ) इरावती-अविस्ससरणीमा पुरिसा । अत्तणो वचणावण पमाणीकरिम प्राक्खित्ताए वाहजणगीदगहीदचित्ताए विन हरिणीए एद ण विरणाद मए । no doubt the Asoka shows flowers, but this tree does not only display flowers, it bears fruit also (All are confused on beholding Irāvati ) King (asrde) --My friend, what resource is there now? Vzdūshaka - What other than taking to our heels ? Irāvati --Vakulāvalıkā! you have begun well Malavikā ! grant the request of my husband Both the grrls -Let the Queen have compassion on us Who are we that we should attract the affection of the King? Exeunt Vakulavalaka and Mālavaka Irāvati --Oh the faithlessness of men! I indeed relying upon your deceitful speech-unsuspicious like the deer 1 1 evva Bollensen reads, asoo kusumam na damsedi, aam khu una uttambhido The Asoka shows no flowers, and this King is a barren tree, or, more literally, a straight stem without flowers 2 Tārānātha and Bollensen give the prakrit cquivalent of adhikshiptayāh priyag: thinyāḥ hridayasalyam kritam, you thrust a dagger into the heart of your despised dear wife ·(83) [अविश्वसनीया पुरुपा. । प्रात्मनो वञ्चनावचनं प्रमाणीकृत्याक्षिप्तया व्याधजन- गीतगृहीतचित्तयैव हरिण्यैतन्न विज्ञात मया।] विदूपक - ( जनान्तिकम् ) भो । पडिजाएहि किपि उत्तरं । कम्मग्गहीदेरण वि कुभीलएण सधिच्छेदे सिक्खिनोम्मि ति वत्तव्य होदि । [ भो । प्रतियोजय किमप्युत्तरम् । कर्मगृहीतेनापि कुम्भीलन सधिच्छेदे शिक्षितोऽस्मीति वक्तव्य भवति ।] राजा-सुन्दरि । न मे भालविकया कश्चिदर्थ । मया त्व चिरयसीति यथा- कथचिदात्मा विनोदित । इरावती--विस्सणीप्रोसि । रण मए विरणाद इरिस विरणोदवुत्तत अजउत्तेण उवलद्ध त्ति । भएणहा दुक्खभाइणीए एव्व ण करीअदि । [ विश्वसनीयोऽसि । न that is attracted by the whistle of the huntei-did not anticipate this Vadishaka (usede) ---Make some defence at once Being a buiglar caught in the act you ought to say that you came here as a student of the art of digging a mine? King-Bcautıful one! I had no object with Malavikā Because you delayed, I amused myself as well as I could Irāvuti --You are to be depended on, are you not? I did not know that my husband had obtained such an 1 I translate the text of Shankar Pandit's second edition, and follow his interpretation He shows at length in his note, that honourable Princes were expected to know, but not piactise, dishonourable, arts Bollensen reads the Prakrit equivalent of utkhatamüle pi grahitena kumbhilena sandhichchhedah sikshitavyah att vaktavya.n, a thief who is caught in a hole which he has dug in a wall must say I wanted to learn the art of digging through wall Tarānātha reads udakantamüle vz pathrke vi mathitena kumbhilena sandhichchhedah fikshitavyah, re, a thief overtaken near water where there 18 no passenger must tise digging holes such as house breakers make Perhaps he means that the King ought to allege as an excuse that he keeping his hand in by flirting with Mālavıkā until Irāvati eame, was ·( 84 ) मया विज्ञातमीदृश विनोदमृत्तान्तमार्यपुत्रेणोपलब्ध इति । अन्यथा दुखभागिन्यैव न क्रियते।] विदूषक -मा दाव अत्तभवदो दक्खिएणस्स उपरोह करेहि । समाव दिट्टेरण देवीए परिचारिइस्थिपाजणेन सकहावि जयि वारीअदि, एत्थ तुम एब पमाण । [मा तावदत्रभवतो दाक्षिण्यस्योपरोध कुरु । समीपदृष्टेन देव्य परिचारित्रीजनेन सकथापि यदि वार्यत, अत्र त्वमेव प्रमाणम् । ] इरावती -ण सकहा णाम होदु । किति अत्तारण आमासइस्स ? ( इति रुषा प्रस्थिता ) [ ननु सकथा नाम भवतु । किमित्यात्मानमायासयिष्यामि ? ] राजा--(अनुसरन् ) प्रसीदतु भवती । (इरावती रशनासबारितचरणा व्रजत्येव ) राजा-सुन्दरि । न शोभते प्रणयिनि जने निरपेक्षता । agreeable means of passing the time Otherwise I, unhappy that I am, would never have done this? Vidīshaka — Do not iepel by your speeches the courtesy of the King If mere conversation with the attendants of our royal mistress when met by chance is to be considered a crime -why, of course, you know best, and we must acquiesce How long क Iravati -Well, conversation let it be called am I to torture myself about nothing ? (She goes off in a passion) King (following her) Forgive me Irāvatī keeps on walking away though her feet are entangled by her gerdle King - Beautiful one, neglect of your devoted admirer is not becoming 1 If we insert dukhkhataram, the passage will mean, I should not have caused this interruption ·(85) अविश्वसनीय- इरावती-सठ । -सठ । अविस्ससरणीअहिप्रोसि। [शठ । हृदयोऽसि ।] राजा- शठ इति मयि तावदस्तु ते परिचयक्त्यवधीरणा प्रिये। चरणपतितया न चण्डि | तां विसृजसि मेखलयापि याचिता ॥२०॥ इरावती-इन पि हदासा तुम एव्व अणुसरदि । ( इति रशनामादाय राजान ताडयितुमिच्छति ) [ इयमपि हताशा त्वामेवानुसरति ।] राजा-वयस्य । इयमिरावती वाष्पासारा हेमकाञ्चीगुणेन श्रोणीबिम्बादप्युपेक्षाच्युतेन । चण्डी चण्ड हन्तुमभ्युद्यता मा विद्युद्दाम्ना मेघराजीव विन्ध्यम् ।।२१।। Irāvati Traitor, your heart is not to be ielied on Kiny - With the word ' traitoi," oh dear one, let your scorn of me, who am so famıllai with you, come to an end , you do not dismiss youi anger even though entreated by your girdle lying piostiate at youi feet i 20 Irāvati – Even this cuised girdle sides with you (She takes up the girdle and endeavours to strike the King with it) King - This lady in a passion, iaining tears, prepares to stike me, terrible criminal that I am, with the coid of her golden girdle fallen unexpectedly* from her bomba-like hips, as a row of thunder-clouds to strike the Vindhya mountain with a streak of lightning 21 1 Shankar Pandit observes that the pun here is obvious Tire girdle is compared to a suppliant 2 Bollensen has majupekshūhyutena, which he interprets, fallen out of contempt for me, out of anger against me ·( 86 ) इरावती-किं में एब्व भूप्रो वि अवरद्ध करेसि ? [ कि मामेव भूयोऽप्यप- राद्धा करोपि ?] राजा-(सरशन हस्तमवलम्बयति ) अपराधिनि मयि दण्डं संहरसि किमुद्यतं कुटिलकेशि । वर्धयसि विलसित त्व दासजनायाद्य कुप्यसि च ।।२२।। नूनमिदमनुज्ञातम् । ( इति पादयो पतति ।) इरावती-ण खु इमे मालविआचलणा, जा दे हरिसदोहल पूरयिस्सति । ( इति निष्क्रान्ता सह चेट्या ) [ न खिल्वमौ मालविकाचरणौ, यो ते हर्षदोहद पूरयिष्यत ।] विदूषक -उठेहि, अकिदप्पसादोऽसि । [ उत्तिष्ठ, अकृतप्रसादोऽसि । ] राजा-( उत्थायेरावतीमपश्यन् ) तत्कथ गतेव प्रिया ? Irāvatī—Why do you drive me into tiansgiession again! (raising her hand with the girdle in it) King - Why do you withdraw the scouige lifted against me the malefactor, oh cuily based one! You inciease your fascinations, and still you are angıy with your slave heie 22 (o himself) Surely at this time I am permitted to prostrate myself (fulls at her feet ) Iravati ---These indeed are not the feet of Malavika, that will giatify your longing for a caress (She departs with her attendant,) Tidūshaka -Comel rise up, rise up, you have found favours is the King (rising up and not seting Irāvati) -What? dear one really gone २ 1 • Avadhiratan, Taranatha's reading, means-do you insult me again? 2 A playful kick such as was given to the Asoka 3 Tārānātha reads Akritaprasādos-you have not found favour

·( 87 )
विदूपक --वास्स | दिट्ठिा इमस्स अविणप्रस्स अप्पसरणा गदा एसा ।
ता वन सिग्धं प्रवकमाम। जाव अगारो रासिं विप्र अणुवक्क परिगमरण ण
करेदि । [ वयस्य । दिष्ट्या अनेनाविनयेनाप्रमन्ना गतेषा। तद्वय शीघ्रमपक्रमाम ।
यावदङ्गारको राशिमिवानुवक प्रतिगमन न करोति । ]
राजा अहो मदनस्य वैषम्यम् ।
मन्ये प्रियाहृतमनास्तस्या प्रणिपातलवन सेवाम् ।
एवं हि प्रणयवती सा शक्यमुपेक्षितु कुपिता ।।२३।।
( इति निष्क्रान्त' सह वयस्येन )
इति तृतीयोऽङ्क ।
Vidishaka -I am glad to say she has gone without
forgiving this impropriety
Therefore let us flee rapidly
before she returns like Mais retrogressing to his mansion in
the zodiac 1
King - Oh the inconsistency of love! Now that my
mind is taken captive by my beloved, I conside: Ilāvati's
rejection of my humble supplication a veritable service,
for, as she is angry, I may neglect her, though she is so
attached to me
[Both walk round and exeunt
Here end the Third Act
1 In which case he exercises a malignant influence
Mars retrograde is called Puella by Chaucer
2 Here Tārānātha inserts "therefore come along, let us go and
appease the angry Queen The queen" of course is Dhārıni In the
second line of the preceding distrah he inserts na hi-I cannot neglect her &c
"

·( 88 ) चतुर्थोऽङ्कः ( तत प्रविशति पर्युत्सुको राजा प्रतिहारी च ) राजा-(प्रात्मगतम्) तामाश्रित्य श्रुतिपथगतामाशया बद्धमूल सप्राप्ताया नयनविपय रूढरागप्रवाल । हस्तस्पर्शेर्मुकुलित इव व्यक्तरोमोद्गमत्वात् कुर्यात्कान्त मनसिजतरुमा रसज्ञ फलस्य ।।१।। (प्रकाशम् ) सखे गौतम । प्रतीहारी-जेदु जेदु भट्टा। असणिहिदो गोदमो। [ जयतु जयतु भर्ता । असनिहिनो गौतम ।] ACT IV Enter the Kiny in a state of anxiety and a Female door-keeper King --(To himself) May the tiee of love which took root by my inteiest? in Mālavikā when her name ieached my eai, which, when she came within iange of my eyes, put forth the shoot of passion, which at the touch of her hand may be said to have blossomed as my han19 stood manifestly eiect from delight-may that tree, I say, cause me, the weary one, to taste the flavour of its fiuit 1 (Aloud ) Friend Gautama! Femule door-keeper - Victory to your Highness i Gautama is not in attendance 1 Hope if we read āsaya 2 This means the small hairs of the skin (as Weber remarks) which, with the inhabitants of India, stand erect from delight as well as from fear 3 Taranātha reads kantai, lover ·(89) राजा-(प्रात्मगतम् ) आ , मालविकावृत्तान्तज्ञानाय मया प्रेषित । विदूषक -(प्रविश्य ) वड्ढदु भव [ वर्धता भवान् । ] राजा--जयसेने। जानीहि तावत्क देवी धारिणी सरुजचरणत्वाद्विनोचत इति । प्रतीहारी-ज देवो प्राणवेदि । । यद्देव प्राज्ञापयति । ] ( इति निष्क्रान्ता) राजा-गौतम | को वृत्तान्तस्तत्रभवत्यास्ते सख्या ? विदूषक -जो बिडालगहीदाए परहुदिनाए । [ यो बिडालगृहोताया पर- भृतिकाया ।] राजा--( सविषादम् ) कथमिव ? विदूषक - -सा खु तवस्सिणो तए पिंगलच्छिए सारभडभूघरए गुहाए विध णिक्खिता। [ सा खलु तपस्विनी तया पिङ्गलाक्ष्या सारभाण्डभूगृहे गुहायामिव निक्षिप्ता।] Kiny (to hems if )-Of course I remember I sent him to find out what has become of Mālavıkā Vidūshaka (entering) --Victory to the King' Kiny - Jayasenā ! Find out where the Queen Dhārınī is, or how she is being solaced in the present painful state of her foot Femalı door keeper -As the King commands [Exit female door krip , King -Friend, what is the state of the lady, your friend? Vidishaletu -Pietty much that of a cuckoo in the claws uf the cat King (despondently ) -What do you mean? Vidūshaka - Indeed the wretched girl has been thrown into the subterranean storc-house as if into the mouth of death, by order of that fiery eyed one? The enraged Queen is compared to a cat with reddish brown eyes. 1 ·( 90 ) राजा--ननु मत्संपर्कमुपलभ्य ? विदूषक - अह इं। [अथ किम् । ] राजा - क एव विमुखोऽस्माकम् -येन चण्डीकृता देवी? विदूषक -सुणादु भव, परिबाजिमाए मे कहिद । हिो किल तत्तहोदी इरावदी रुसस्कतचलण देवि सुह पुच्छिदु पाप्रदा । [ शृणोतु भवान् । परिवाजि कया मे कथितम् । ह्य किल तत्रभवतीरावती रुजाक्रान्तचरणा देवी सुख प्रष्टुमागता।] राजा-ततस्तत ? King -No doubt, because she heard of her meeting with me Vidishaka - Of course ? King --Gautama / who was such an enemy of mine as to make the Queen angry Viditshaka --Listen, Sır! The Parivrāj kā tells me, as a fact that yesterday the Lady Irāvatī went to ask after the health of the Queen, whose foot is disabled with pain Thereupon she was asked by the Queen “Why have I not seen you the beloved one lately ?” She answered, "this is either an affront oi an empty form, since you ask the question knowing all the time, that the title of the beloved one' belongs to your maid-servant "1 King --(what this ?) Alas! this statement makes the Queen suspect Mālavıkā even without distinct mention of her 1 I have followed Shankar Pandit in this translation Taranatha reads the Prākrit equivalent of him ātmano' pyanalankı ito hridayagano vallabha atztatastayottāmyantyā mantritam kuto vopachārah yatparigane sankrāntam vallabhattam Jnāsyatīt: This seems to mean, is a beloved person unadorned dear even to herself (then why are you not properly adorned)? Then she being distressed said-Why should such a person adorn herself when she must learn that the affection which ought to be hers has been diverted on to a slave ?

·( 91 ) विदूषक -तदो सा देवीए पुच्छिदा-किं णु ओलोइदो वल्लहजणो त्ति । ताए उत्त-मदो वो उवारो ज परिजणे सकत बल्लहत्तणं ण जाणीप्रश्नदि । [तत सा देव्या पृष्टा-कि न्ववलोकितो वल्लभजन इति । तयोक्तम्-मन्दो व उपचार यत्परिजने सक्रान्त वल्लभत्व न ज्ञायते ।] राजा--अहो, निर्भेदाहतेऽपि मालविकायामयमुपन्यास शङ्कयति । विदूषकः- तदो ताए अणुबधिजमाणाए सा भवदो प्रविणनं अतरेण परगदत्था किदा देवी । [ ततस्तयानुबध्यमानया सा भवतोऽविनयमन्तरेण परिगतार्था कृता देवी।] राजा-अहो, दीर्घरोषता तत्रभवत्या । अत पर कथय । विदृपक - किं अवर ? मालविया बउलावलिया अ पादालवास णिगल- पदीओ अदिट्ठसुज्जपाद णागकरणप्रानो विन अणुहोति । [ किमपरम् ? मालविका बकुलावलिका च पातालवास निगडपद्यावदृष्टसूर्यपाद नागकन्यके इवानुभवत ।] राजा-कष्ट कष्टम् - मधुरस्वरा परभृता भ्रमरी च विबुद्धचूतसङ्गिन्यौ। कोटरमकालवृष्टया प्रबलपुरोवातया गमिते ॥२॥ Vidīshaka --Then she being pressed informed the Queen with iegard to your misdemeanour King -Ah! The unfoigiving character of the lady! Tell me what happened next Vidūshaka — What happened next! Why Wālavīkā and Vakulāvalıkā, with fetters on them, are enjoying a residence in the infeinal regions where a iay of the sun is never seen, like two snake-maidens King --Alas! The sweet-voiced cuckoo and the bee, the companions of the unfolded mango bud, have been driven into the trunk by unseasonable iain, accompanied by a strong east-wind (2) Friend, can there be an opening here for any stıatagem ? 1 1 The maidens of the Nāga race are aceording to Shankar Pandit, distinguished for their beauty ·( 92 ) अप्यत्र कस्यचिदुपक्रमस्य गति. ? विदूषक - कह भविस्सदि ? ज सारभाडघरव्यापारिदा माहविना देविए सदिट्ठा-मह अगुलीप्रमुद्दिन अदेक्खिन ग मोत्तन्वा तुए हदासा मालविया बसला. वलिया अत्ति। [ कय भविष्यति ? यत्सारभाण्डगृहव्यापारिता माधविका देव्या सन्दिष्टा-ममागुलीयकमुद्रिकामदृष्ट्वा न मोक्तव्या त्वया हताशा मालविका बकुलावलिका चेति।] राजा-(नि श्वस्य, सपरामर्शम् ) सखे । किमत्र कर्तव्यम् ? विदूषक - ( विचिन्त्य ) अस्थि एन्थ उवाओ । [ अस्त्यत्रोपाय ।] राजा-क इव ? विदूपक -( सदृष्टिक्षेपम् ) को वि अदिट्ठो सुरिणस्सदि। करणे दे कहेमि । ( इत्युपश्लिष्य कणे) एव्व विन। [वोऽप्यदृष्ट श्रोष्यति । कणे ते कथयामि । एवमिव । ] ( इत्यावेदयति राजा-(सहर्षम् ) सुष्ठु प्रयुज्यता निद्धये । Vidushalu -How can there be ? For Mādhavikā, who presides over the store house, received this onder fiom the Queen, "you are not to let out that baggage of a Mālavikā, until you see the seal of my ring Kang (sayhang) -Friend | What iemedy can we adopt in this matter 1.1 Vidūshaka (rzflectiny) —There is an expedient even here King-Of what kind ? Vadīshaka (looking round) -Some one may be listening to oui conversation unseen So I will whispel it in your ear (embracing hem, and whispering in his ear) This is what I intend King -Happily conceived ! let it be put in execution, and may it be successful 1 It is clear that the head Queen exercised in some departments an amount of authority that would have delighted the soul of Mr JS Mill ·( 93 ) - (प्रविश्य ) प्रतीहारी–देव | पवादसपणे देवी विसरणा रत्तचदगधारिणा परिण- हत्थगदेण चलणेण भगवदोए कहाहि विणोदिजमारणा चिठ्ठदि । [ देव । प्रवात- शयने देवी निषण्णा रक्तचन्दनवारिणा परिजनहस्तगतेन चरणेन भगवत्या कथाभिविनोयमाना तिष्ठति । राजा-तेन ह्यम्म प्रदेशयोग्योऽयमवसर । विदूषक -ता गच्छदु भव । अह वि देवि पेक्खि दु अरित्तपाणी भविस्स । [ तद्गच्छतु भवान् । अहमपि देवी द्रष्टुमरि कपाणिर्भविष्यामि | राजा-जयसेनायास्तावदस्मद्रहस्य विदित कुरु । विदूषक-तह । ( इति कर्णे) इति कर्णे) एव्व विन होदि । [ तथा एवमिव भवति । ] (इत्यावेद्य निष्क्रान्त ) राजा-जयसेने । प्रवातशयनमार्गमादेशय । Femalee door -keeper (entering) -King | The Queen is reclining upon a couch expose l to a free curient of air, with her foot covered with red sandul-wooul and held in the hands of her maids, being amusel with stories by the Parivrājikā Kang- This is an appi opiate occasion for me to visit her Vidīshaka ---Then go, sir In the meanwhile I will provide myself with some present that I may not approach the Queen empty handed King --Before you go, inform Jayasenā of our plan Vidīshaka (whispers in her ear) —This it is, my good lady Kiny - Jayasenā! Show me the way to the couch where the Queen is reclining in the open air 1 Bollensen and Tärānātha have the Prākrit equivalent of rakta. chandanavārınā, which Bollensen interprets oil of red sandal-wood.

·( 94 ) प्रतीहारी–इदो इदो देवो । [इत इतो देव ।] (तत प्रविशति शयनस्था देवी परिव्राजिका उभयतश्च परिवार ।) देवी-भअवदि । रमणिज्ज कहावत्थु । तदो तदो ? [ भगवति । रमणीय कथावस्तु। ततस्तन ?] परिव्राजिका-( सदृष्टिक्षेपम् ) देवि । अत परं पुन कथयिष्यामि । अत्र- भवान्विदिशेश्वर. सप्राप्त । देवी-अम्हो, भट्टा। [अहो, भर्ता ।। ( इत्युत्थातुमिच्छति ) राजा-अलमलमुपचारयन्त्रणया । अनुचितनूपुरविरह नार्हसि तपनीयपीठिकालम्बि । चरण रुजा परीतं कलभापिणि । मा च पीडयितुम् ॥३॥ धारिणी-जेदु जेदु प्रज्जउत्तो। [ जयतु जयत्वार्यपुत्र । परिव्राजिका-विजयता देव. । Femaled Keeper - This way, this way your majesty. Then are drscovered the Queen reclining upon a couch, and the Parzvrājikā with the attendants in order of precedence Queen -Revered Madam | The plot of the story is exceedingly interesting What happened next ? Parzvrārkā (with a meaning looke) -From this point I will resume it afterwards. His Majesty the King has arrived Queen -Ah! my husband ! (She endeavours to stand Up) King - Stop! Stop! Do not distiess yourself to show respect to me You ought not, oh soft-voiced one, to give pain to your foot unused to the absence of anklets, which is resting on the golden footstool,--and to me at the same time (3) Queen -Victory to my husband Parivrājikā –Victory to the King ! pound The foot 18, as Shankar Pandit says, so uncomfortable that the Queen has laid aside her anklets which are scarcely ever taken off ·( 95 ) राजा-(परित्राजिका प्रणम्योपविश्य ) देवि ! अपि सह्या वेदना ?। धारिणी-अज अस्थि मे विसेसो। [अद्यास्ति मे विशेष. ] ( तत प्रविशति यज्ञोपवीतबद्धाडगुष्ठ सभ्रान्तो विदूषक ) विदूषक -परित्ताप्रदु परित्ताअदु भव । सप्पेण दट्ठोम्हि । [ परित्रायता परित्रायता भवान । सर्पण दोऽस्मि ।] ( सर्वे विषण्णा ) राजा-कष्ट कथम्, व नवान्परिभ्रान्त ? विदूपक -देवि देक्खिस्स त्ति प्रापारपुप्फग्गहणकारणादो पमदवणं गदोम्हि । [ देवी द्रक्ष्यामीत्याचारपुष्पग्रहणकारणात्प्रमदवन गतोऽस्मि । ] देवी-हद्धी हद्धी, अह एव्व बम्हणस्स जीविदससअणिमित्त जादम्हि । [ हा धिक् हा विक् , अहमेव ब्राह्मणस्य जीवितसशनिमित्तं जातास्मि।] King (inclining reverently to the Pariviājikā and setting doun)-Queen | Is the pain now endulable ? Queen --Thank you, there is some improvement now Enter the Vidūshaku on a state of alarm, with his finger tred up with his sacraficial cord Vidīshaka ---Alas! Alas! I have been bitten by a snake All of them are horrified King -Alas! Where have you been wandering ? Vzdüshaka - I went to the plcasuie grove to gather the customryl bouquet, because I was about to visit the Queen-save me I save me | Queen --Alas! Alas! I have become the cause of Brāhman's life being in jeopardy a 1 Shankar Pandit says, required by the custom of the good Achara=* fashtacharat I think the English word "customary" expresses ea. It was proper to take flowers with one when approaching a god or great personage ·( 96 विदूपक -तहि असोपत्थवप्रकालणादो पसारिदो दक्खिणहत्थो। तदो कोडरणिग्गदेण सप्परूवेण कालेण दट्टोम्हि । रण एदाइ दुवे दसरणपदाइ । [तस्मि- अशोकस्तबककारणाप्रसारितो दक्षिणहस्त । तत कोटरनिर्गतेन सर्परूपेण कालेन दष्टोऽस्मि । नन्वते द्वे दशनपदे । ] ( इति दश दर्शयति ) परिव्राजिका-न हि दशच्छेद पूर्वकर्मे ति श्रूयते । स तावदस्य क्रियताम् । छेदो दंशस्य दाहो वा क्षतेर्वा रक्तमोक्षणम् । एतानि दष्टमात्राणामायुष्या प्रतिपत्तय ॥४॥ राजा-सप्रति विषवैद्याना कर्म । जयसेने | क्षिप्रमानीयता ध्र वसिद्धि । प्रतीहारी-ज देवो प्राणवेदि। [ यद्देव प्राज्ञापयति । ] ( इति निष्क्रान्ता) विदूषक -अहो, पावेण मिच्चुणा गहीदोम्हि । [अहो, पापेन मृत्युना गृहीतोऽस्मि ।] Vidīshaka --Then, as I streched out my hand to pluck a cluster of Asoka-flowers, Death in the form of a snake came out of the trunk and bit me on the finger Here, indeed, are the two maiks of the teeth (He shows them the bate) Parivrājikā - The best remedy for that is said to be excision of the bitten pait, let that remedy be adopted in this case The excision of the bite, or its cauterization, or the letting of blood from the wound ,' these are the piescribed expedients for saving the lives of men who are bitten by snakes, but they must be employed immediately (4) King -Now it is time for the poison-doctors to do their woik Jayasenā, let Dhiuvasiddhi be quickly brought Door-keeper ---As the king commands [Exit Door-keeper Vzdüshaka - Alas! I am seized by cruel death 1 Tārānātha reads kshatasyāraktamikshanam, which he explains as the complete draining of blood of the wounded part, ·( 97 ) राजा-मा कातरो भू । अविषोऽपि कदाचिद्दशो भवेत् । विदूपक - कह ण भाइस्स ? सिमसिमाप्रति मे अंगाइ । [ कथं न भेष्यामि । सिमसिमायन्ति मेऽङ्गानि ] ( इति विषवेग रूपयति ) देवी-हा, दसिदं अमुहं यिारेण । अवलबध बम्हण [ हा, दर्शितमशुभ विकारेण अवलम्बध्व ब्राह्मणम् ।। ( परिजन ससभ्रममवलम्बते) विदूषक -( राजान विलोक्य ) भो । भवदो बालत्तणादो वि पिप्रव- अस्सोम्हि । त विप्रारिम अपुत्ताए मे जणणीए जोगक्खेम बहेहि । [ भो । भवतो बाल्यादपि प्रियवयस्योऽस्मि । तद्विचापुित्राया मे जनन्या योगक्षेम वह । ] राजा-मा भैषीरौतम । स्थिरो भव । अचिरात्त्वा वैद्यश्चिकित्सिष्यति । King -Do not be alarmed A bite may sometimes be free from venom Vadishalea -How can I help fearing? My limbs are convulsed He pretends that the poison 18 beginning to take effect (Queen advancing) -Alas! Alas! A most calamitous snake-bite n Support him I Support him ! (The attendants support hem in a state of great trepidation) Vidūshaha (looking towards the King) --Ah!'I have been your dear companion from childhood take that into consideration and undertake the maintenance and protection of my sonless mother Kang -Do not be afraid The doctor will cure you in a moment Be calm He is 1 Kātayavema explains viārena as visharena Tarānātha takes it to mean dikarena So does Bollensen and thinks damsidam stands for dar kitame He translates "An aggravation of the symptoms shows itself getting wrose" 2 Bollensen and Tārănātha read aviārena The former explants it as avicharena without delay, the latter as avikārena, without neglect, even, If I die ·(98) (प्रविश्य ) जयसेना-देव । आणाविदो धुवसिद्धी विएणावेदि-इह एव्व प्राणीप्रदु सो गोदमो त्ति। [ देव । प्राज्ञापितो ध्रुवसिद्धिर्विज्ञापयति-इहैवानीयता स गौतम इति।] राजा-तेन हि वर्षवरपरिगृहीतमेन तत्रभवत. सकाश प्रापय । जयसेना -तहा। [तथा ।] विदूषक – ( देवी विलोक्य ) भोदि । जीवेनं वा ण वा ? जं मए प्रत्तभवत सेवमारोण ते अवरद्ध त मरिसेहि। [ भवति । जीवेय वा न वा ? यन्मयाऽत्र- भवन्त सेवमानेन तेऽपराद्ध तन्मृष्यस्व ।] देवी-दीहाऊ होहि । [ दीर्घायुर्भव । ] ( निष्क्रान्तो विदूषक. प्रतीहारी च ) राजा-प्रकृतिभीरुस्तपस्वी, ध्रुवसिद्धिमपि यथार्थनामान सिद्धिमन्त न मन्यते। (Enter Door -Jeeeper ) Doog -keeper (Jarsena) -King ! Dhiuvasiddhi desiics that Gautama be biought to him King —Then cause him to be carried by the Chamber lain into the presence of the doctor Door-keeper (Jarsena) — Very well Vidūshaka (looking towards the Queen) -Lady! Whether I live or die, pardon all the faults that I may have com mitted against thee to oblige the King Queen May you live to a good old age [Exeunt Vidsūhaka and Door-keep r King ---The poor fellow is naturally timid Besides, I believe that Dhruvasiddhi' will be successful in curing him, since he is rightly named the infallible doctor 1 The word Dhruvasiddhi, means, "one whose success is certain."

·( 99 ) (प्रविश्य ) जयसेना-जेदु जेदु भट्टा । धुवसिद्धी विएणावेदि उदकुभविहाणेण सप्प- मुद्दिन किंपि कप्पइदव्व । त अरणेसीनदु त्ति। [ जयतु जयतु भर्ता । ध्रुव- सिद्धिविज्ञापयति-उदकुम्भविधानेन सर्पमुद्रित किमपि कल्पयितव्यम् । तदन्विष्य- तामिति।] धारिणी-इदं सप्पमुद्दिन अगुलीप्रश्न। पच्छा मम हत्थे देहि ण। [ इदं सर्पमुदितमगुलीयकम् । पश्चान्मम हस्ते देह्येतत् । ] ( इत्यड्गुलीयक ददाति ) (प्रतीहारी गृहीत्वा स्थिता) राजा-जयसेने । कर्मसिद्धावाशु प्रतिपत्तिमानय । (Enter Door -keeeper) Door-keeper - Victory to the King! Dhruvasiddhi asserts that something with the image of a snake on it must be endowed with the power of counteracting poison by means of the ceremony called Udakumbhavidhāna' So he orders that something with the image of a snake on it be brought Queen -Here is a ring with a snake on the stone Afterwards give it back into my hand (with these words she gives it to the door-keeper) King -Jayasenā! When the business is done, bring the healing talisman' back quickly 1 I think Shankar Pandit, though he adopts Kātayavema's readıng in his second edition, really prefers that given in his first edition udakumbhavidhane sappamudiam kamp? anneviadutti, let something having the image of a snake on it be obtained for the purpose of performing the Udakumbhavidhāna, that is to say, the enchanting of water, plaeed in jar, by means of mantras and other ceremonies. The enchanted water would then be sprinkled on the bite 2. I have taken pratipatti to mean instrument Tārānātha takes it to mean-to the proper place, te, into the Queen's possession I borrow the phrase, “the business is done” from Sankar Pandit. It has, of course, a double meaning ·( 100 ) प्रतीहारी-जं देवो प्राणवेदि। [ यद्देव प्राज्ञापयति । ] (इति निष्क्रान्ता) परिव्राजिका यथा मे हृदयमाचष्टें तथा निविषो गौतम । राजा-भूयादेवम् । ( प्रविश्य ) जयसेना-जेदु देवो भट्टा। रिणवुत्तविसवेगो गोदमो मुहत्तेण पकिदित्यो सवुत्तो। [जयतु देवो भर्ता । निवनविषवेगो गौतमो मुहूर्तेन प्रकृतिस्थ संवृत्त ।] वारिणी-दिद्विमा वअणीपादो मुत्तम्हि । [दिष्टया वचन' यान्मुक्तास्मि ।] प्रतीहारी-एसो उण अमच्चो वाहतो विएणवेदि - रामकज्जं बहु मतिदव्वं, दसणेण अणुग्गह इच्छामि त्ति । [ एष पुनरमात्यो वाहतको विज्ञापयति–राजकार्य बहु मन्त्रियतयम्, तद्दर्शनेनानुग्रहमिच्छामीति । ] धारिणी-गच्छदु अजउत्तो कजसिद्धीए । [ गच्छत्वार्यपुत्र कार्यसिद्धये । ] Door-keeper --As the King commands [Exit Door lett per ] Par evrājikā —My heart tells me, Gautama is fiee from the effects of poison Kang-So be it Door keeper (entering) Victory to 'the King The violence of the poison has ceased, and Gautama has in a mome it become as well again as evei Queen - It is a gieat blessing that I am clear of blame 1 Door-keepca --But this Minister Vāhatva sends the following message There are many of the King's affairs which I should like to talk over with him Therefore I beg to be favoured with an intei view Queen -Go, my husband, andl may you be successful in your affairs 1.1ť, of the guilt of having been indirectly the cause of the death of a Brahman 2 The audience, of course, understand that the affairs are really love affairs ·( 101 ) राजा-देवि । प्रातपाक्रान्तोऽयमुद्देश । शीतक्रिया चास्या रुज प्रशस्ता । तदन्यत्र नीयता शयनीयम् । देवी-बालिपात्रो । अजउत्तवपण अणुचिट्ठह । [ बालिका | प्रायपुत्र- वचनमनुतिष्ठत।] परिजन-तह । [ तथा।] निष्क्रान्ता देवी परित्राजिका परिजनश्च) राजा-जयसेने । गूढेन पथा मा प्रमदवनं प्रापय । जयसेना-इदो इदो देवो । [ इत इतो देव । राजा-जयसेने | समाप्तकृत्यो ननु गौतम । जयसेना-अह इं। [अथ किम् ] राजा- इष्टाधिगमनिमित्तं प्रयोगमेकान्तसाध्यमपि मत्वा । संदिग्धमेव सिध्यै कातरमाशङ्कते हृदयम् ॥५॥ King - Queen, this place is exposed to the sun, and cold treatment is iecommended as best foi this complaint, therefore let youi couch be removed to another spot Queen -- Come, my girls, carıy out the King's orders Attendants-Very well [Eceunt Queen, the Pariviājika and attendants Kang-Jayasena, lead me to the pleasure-grourds by a secret path Jayasenā -Let the King come this way King ---Jayasenā, has Gautama accomplished his pui pose Jayasena -Certainly King ---Though I all along thought the device wonderfully well adopted for effecting our object, my heart was doubtful about the result, and timidly appiehensive (5) A pleasure house, probably so called from some points of water being attached to it (SPP) ? O ·( 102 ) (प्रविश्य ) विदूषक - वडढदु भव । सिद्धाइं दे मगलकम्माइ । [ वधता भवान् । सिद्धानि ते मङ्गलकर्माणि ।] राजा- जयसेने । त्वमपि स्वं नियोगमशून्यं कुरु । जयसेना-ज देवो आणवेदि । [ यहेव प्राज्ञापयति । ] ( इति निष्क्रान्ता) राजा-गौतम । क्षुद्रा माधविका। न खलु किंचिद्विचारितमनया । विदूषक -देवीए अंगुलीप्रमुद्दिश्र देखिन कह विपारेदि ? । [ देव्या अडगु. लीयकमुद्रा दृष्ट्वा कथं विचारयति ?] राजा- न खलु मुद्रामधिकृत्य ब्रवीमि । एतयोबंद्धयो किनिमित्तो मोक्ष ? किं वा देव्या. परिजनमतिक्रम्य भवान्सदिष्ट इत्येवमनया प्रष्टव्यम् । Enter Vidush alca Vadishaksa. --Victory to the King | Your Majesty's auspicious affairs have turned out prosperously King --Jayasenā, do you also retuin to your duties Jayasenā -- As the King commands [ [Exit Jayasenā Did King -My friend, Mādhavikā is a bit of a vixen she not hesitate at all ? - Vidishaka How could any one possibly hesitate after seeing the Queen's signet iing ? King -I do not speak with reference to the signet ring But she naturally ought to have asked what was the cause of the liberation of those two prisoneis in that way, and why the Queen passed over all her own seivants and commissioned you to take to message ·( 103 ) २ विदूपक'–णं पुच्छिदोम्हि । पुणो मदस्स वि मे तस्सि पच्चुप्पण्णा मदी। [ ननु पृष्टोऽस्मि । पुनर्मन्दस्यापि मे तस्मिन्प्रत्युत्पन्ना मति । राजा-कथ्यताम् । विदूषक - भणिद मए-देव्वचितएहिं विणणाविदो राया। सोवसग्ग वो णक्खत्त, ता अवस्स सव्वबधमोक्खो करीमदु त्ति । [ भरिणतं मया-दैवचिन्तकैवि- ज्ञापितो राजा। सोपसर्ग वो नक्षत्रम् । तदवश्यं सर्वबन्धनमोक्ष क्रियतामिति ।] राजा-( सहर्षम् ) ततस्तत. विदूषकः-त सुणिम देवीए इरावदीचित्त रक्खतीए राधा किल मोएदि त्ति अह सदिट्ठो ति। तदो जुजदि त्ति ताए एव्व सपादिदो अत्थो। [ तच्छ्रुत्वा देव्या इरावतीचित्तं रक्षन्त्या राजा किल मोचयतीत्यह सदिष्ट इति । ततो युज्यत इति तयैव सपादितोऽथं ।] राजा-(विदूषक परिष्वज्य ) सखे । प्रियोऽहं खलु तव । न हि बुद्धिगुणेनैव सुहृदामर्थदर्शनम् । कार्यसिद्धिपथ सूक्ष्म स्नेहेनाप्युपलभ्यते ।।६।। Vidushuka Of course, I was asked these questions But with my usual presence of mind Kang-Tell Vidūshaka -I answered -"The King has been told by the astiologers that his "stai is thrcatened with misfoilune, and that therefore "he had better ielease all the prisoners in his kingdom King (delightfully) - Just pioceed Vidūshaka — "When the Queen Dhāını heard this, she wishing to "spare Irāvati's feeling ordered me to ielease the "piisoners and give out that the King wanted them set at "liberty Thereupon Mādhavıkā granted my request, saying that all was, as it should be King (embracing the Vedūshaka) --Friend, I see that you love me Foi not only by force of intellect does how to forward the interests of one's friends, the nailow path which leads to the attainment of success is discovered by affection also (6) one see ·( 104 ) विदूषक -तुवरदु भवं । समुद्दघरए सहीसहिद मालविन ठाविध भवतं पच्चुग्गदोम्हि । त्वरता भवान् । समुद्रगृहे सखीसहिता मालविका स्थापयित्वा भवन्त प्रत्युद्गतोऽस्मि ।] राजा-अहमेना सभावयामि । गच्छाग्रत । विदूषकः-एदु भव । ( परिक्रम्य ) एदं समुद्दघर । [ एतु भवान् । इदं समुद्रगृहम् ।] राजा-(साशङ्कम् ) वयस्य । एषा कुसुमावचयव्यग्रहस्ता सख्यास्ते परि- चारिका चन्द्रिका सं निकृष्टमागच्छति । इतस्तावदावा भित्तिगूढौ भवाव । विदूषक - अहो, कुंभीलएहिं कामुएहिं च परिहरणीमा खु चदिया। [ अहो, कुम्भीलकै कामुकैश्च परिहरणीया खलु चन्द्रिका ।] ( उभे यथोक्त कुरुत ) राजा-गौतम | कथ नु ते सखी मा प्रतिपालयति ? एहि, एना गवाक्षमा- श्रित्य विलोकयामि । Vidīshaka -Let your Highness make histe Mālavılā with her friend in the lake summer-house and came immediately to nect you King -I will go and welcome her there Go on in front Vidīshaku -Come, Sır, here is the lake summerhouse King (anxiously) -Here comes Chandrikā, the maid of your frieril' Ilāvatī, with her hands engaged in gathering flowers Let us slip this way a minute and hide behind the wall Vidīshalui -Thieves and lovers must avoid the moonlight 2 (Both do as the Kiny sard) Kang-Gautamar Do you suppose your friend is awaitug me ? Come, Ict us go to this window, and look in I put 1 lll thc King's wites and beloved objects are thus called with reference to the Vidūshaka 2 As being "contrarna furtis " Chandrikā, the name of the maid means "moonlight " The pun is sufficiently obvious ·(105) विदूषक -तह । [ तथा।] (उभौ विलोकयन्तौ तिष्ठत ) ( तत प्रविशति मालविका बकुलावलिका च) बकुलावलिका-सहि । पणम भट्टार । [ सखि ! प्रणम भर्तारम् । ] मालविका-रामो दे। [ नमस्ते।] राजा-शङ्के मे प्रतिकृति निर्दिशति । मालविका—( सहर्ष द्वारमवलोक्य ) हला | म विप्पलभेसि । [ सखि ! मा विप्रलम्भयसि ।] राजा-सखे । हर्षविषादाभ्यामत्रभवत्या प्रीतोऽस्मि । सूर्योदये भवति या सूर्यास्तमये च पुण्डरीकस्य । वदनेन सुवदनायास्ते समवस्थे क्षणादूढे ॥७॥ बकुलावलिका-ण एसो चित्तगदो भट्टा [ नन्वेष चित्रगतो भर्ता । ] उभे-(प्रणिपत्य ) जेदु भट्टा । [ जयतु भर्ता। Vadushalea-~All 11ght (Both stand looking on ) Then are discovered Malavikā and Vakulāvalzkā Vakulāvulika-Come now, piosti ate your self before the , king ? Mālavrkā (Joyfully) -I salute youi majesty King - I guess Vakulāvalıkā is showing her my picture Mālavrka (Looking at the door, with a melancholy expression) Alas! you are deceiving me King -My friend, I am delighted with the lady's joy and despondency both For the lovely-faced one's face presented in a moment the two appearance of the lotus, that which it weais when the sun is rising, and that which it assumes when he is setting (7) Vakulāvalıkā --Surely here is the King in a picture Both (prostrating themsilves before the picture) - Victory, victory to the King! A picture of him was hung up in the summer house Tärānatha puts into the mouth of Malāvikā namaste yah pirsvatah frisktatascha drifyate, honour to thee who art ever in my throughts 1 ·( 106) . मालविका-हला । तदा सभमदिटठे भट्टिणो रूवे जहा रण वितिएहम्हि, तहा अजवि मए भाविदो अवितिराहदसणो भट्टा। [ सखि । तदा संभ्रमदृष्टे भर्तृ रूपे यथा न वितृष्णास्मि, तथाद्यापि मया भावितोऽवितृष्णदर्शनो भर्ता ।] विदूषक.-सुद भवदा ? तत्तहोदी चित्ते जहा दिट्ठो तहा दिवो भव त्ति मतेदि । मुहा दारिण मजूसा विश्र रमणभड जोव्वरणगन्व वहेसि । [ श्रत भवता ? तत्रभवती चित्रे यथा दृष्टस्तथा दृष्टो भवानिति मन्त्रयति । मुचेदानी मञ्जूषेव रत्न- भारडं यौवनगवं वहसि ।] राजा-सखे । कुतूहलवानपि निसर्गशालीन स्त्रीजन । पश्य- कार्येन निवर्णयितु च रूप- मच्छन्ति तत्पूर्वसमागमानाम् । न च प्रियेष्वायतलोचनानां समग्रवृत्तीनि विलोचनानि ||८|| Malavalea - Ha ! Before, when I was standing face to face with the King himself, I was not as completely satisfied with beholding his beauty as I am now I have now looked on him attentively in the picture Vadushalea. ---Did you hear ? The lady says that you look much better in the picture than you did when she saw you in bodily presence To no purpose do you weai the pride of youth as a cashet encloses a gem King - My friend, women, though full of curiosity, are naturally bashful Observe, Though they desire to study completely the features of men they have an interview with for the first time, still the almond-eyed ones do not allow their gaze to fall full upon the beloved objects (8) Bollensen reads the Prākrit cqivalent of stasmin samhhrame sthitā bhartū rupa darsanena na tathā tita zshnumi yathadya mayā bhavito uztrishna darsano rūjā The King has had a more satisfactory look at myself than I have had at his picture owing to my excitement 2. Bollensen reads atrabhavati tvayā yatha dreshta tathā na drushta bhavan You had a much better look at her than she has had at you. 2 1 ·( 107 ) मालविका-हला | का एसा पासपरिउत्तमुहेण भट्टिणा सिरिणद्धाए दिट्ठीए णिज्झाई अदि ? [ सखि | कैषा पार्श्वपरिवृत्तमुखेन भर्चा मे स्निग्धया दृष्ट्या निध्यायते ? ] बकुलावलिका–णं इन पासगदा इरावदी। [ नन्विय पावंगतेरावती। मालविका - सहि । अदक्खिणो विन भट्टा मे पडिभादि, जो सव्वं देवीजणं उज्झिन एकाए मुहे बद्धलक्खो। [ सखि | अदक्षिण इव भर्ता में प्रतिभाति, य सर्व देवीजनमुज्झित्वैकस्या मुखे बद्धलक्ष्य । बकुलावलिका-(प्रात्मगतम्) चित्तगदं भट्टारं परमत्थदो सप्पिन वसूअदि । होदु, क्रीडिस्स दाव पदाए । (प्रकाशम् ) हला | भट्टिणो वल्लहा एसा। [चित्र- गत भरि परमार्थत' सकल्प्यासूयति । भवतु, क्रीडिष्यामि तावदेतया। सखि । भर्तुर्वल्लभैषा।] मालविका-तदो किं दारिंग अत्ताण आवासइस्स ? [ तत. किमिदानीमा- स्मानमायासयिष्यामि ? ] ( इति सासूय परावर्तते ) Mālavikā --Who is this with face slightly averted, that the King is looking at with an affectionate glance ? Vakulāvalıkā --Surely, this is Irāvatî at his side Malavika -Friend, he seems to me iather rude to neglect all the Qucens, and rivet his gaze on her face alone Vakulāvalzkā (to herself) -So she treats the King's picture as if it were the original, and exhibits jealousy towards it Good I I will have some fun out of her (Aloud) She is the King's favourite wife Mālavikā --Then why do I give myself any trouble now? (She turns clevay petteshly) ·( 108) -- राजा--सखे । पश्य- भ्रूभङ्गभिन्नतिलक स्फुरिताधरोष्ठं सासूयमाननमित परिवर्तयन्त्या। कान्तापराधकुपितेष्वनया विनेतु संदर्शितेव ललिताभिनयस्य शिक्षा ।।६।। विदूषकः-अरगुरणप्रसजो दाणि होहि । [अनुनयसन्ज इदानी भव । ] मालविका-प्रजगोदमो वि एत्थ एव संवदि णं। [प्रार्यगौतमोऽप्यत्रैव ससेवत एनम् । ] ( पुन स्थानान्तराभिमुखो भवितुमिच्छति । ) बकुलावलिका-( मालविका रुद्ध्वा ) ण खु कुविदा दारिण तुमं। [न खलु कुपितेदानी त्वम् ।] मालविका--जइ चिर कुविद एव्व म मरणेसि, एसो पचागीप्रदि कोवो । [ यदि चिरं कुपितामेव मा मन्यसे, एष प्रत्यानीयते कोप । Kang-Look, my friend Malavika As she turned away angrily from this quarter her face, the fiontal mark of which was channelled by her frowns, and the lower lip of which was quivering, she seemed to exhibit the coquettish expression which was taught her by her instiuctor as appropriate in fits of anger on account of the fault of a. lover (9) Vidushaka --Be prepared now to propitiate her Malavika --Here too is the noble Gautama, shewing her iespect (She again (She again shows a desire to look in another direction) Vakulāvalıkā (preventing Mālavikā from so doing) - Surely you are not angiy now Mālavıkā --If you think I am going to be angry for long, I hereby recall my anger ·( 109 ) राजा--( उपेत्य ) कुप्यसि कुवलयनयने । चित्रापितचेष्टया किमेतन्मे । ननु नव साक्षादयमहमनन्य साधारणो दास ॥१०॥ बकुलावलिका-जेदु जेदु भट्टा । [ जयतु जयतु भर्ता। ] मालविका-(प्रात्मगतम् ) कहं चित्तगदो भट्टा मए असूइदो ? [ कथ चित्र- गतो भर्ता मयासूयित ? ] ( प्रकाशम्, सवीडवदनमञ्जलिं करोति ) (राजा मदनकातयं रूपयति ) विदूषक -कि भवं उदासीणो विन दीसइ ? [ कि भवानुदासीन इव दृश्यते ?] राजा-अविश्वसनीयत्वात्सख्यास्तव । विदूषक - अत्तहोदीए अन कह तुह अविस्सासो ? [ अत्रभवत्यामयं कथं तवाविश्वास ?] राजा-श्रयताम् - पथि नयनयो स्थित्वा स्वप्ने तिरोभवति क्षणात् सरति सहसा बाह्वोर्मध्य गतापि सखी तव । King (entering) -Oh lotus eyed one, why art thou angiy with me on account of an action represented in a picture ? Surely I am here in presence of thee, a slave devoted to thee alone (10) Vakulāvalıkā --Victory to the King' Malavalea (to herself)-What ? did I show ager towards the king's portrait ? (Wilh hashful face folds her hands in a suppliant attitude) (The King appears to be distracted with love) Vzdūshaka — Why do you seem so apathetic ? Kiny —Because your friend is so untiustworthy Vidūshaka -Do you distiust the lady so much ?" King - Listen! She appears in a dream directly ·( 110) - मनसिजरुजा लिष्टस्यैवं समागममायया कथमिव सखे । विस्रब्धं स्यादिमां प्रति मे मन ? ॥११॥ बकुलावलिका-सहि । बहुसो खु भट्टा विप्पलद्धो। दाणि दाव तुए अत्ता विस्मासरिणजो करीअदु। [ सखि । बहुश किल भर्ता विप्रलब्ध । तत्त्वयात्मा विश्वसनीय क्रियताम् ।] मालविका-सहि । मह उण मदभग्गाए सिविणसमाप्रमो वि भट्टिणो दुल्लहो आसि । [ सखि | मम पुनर्मन्दभाग्याया स्वप्नसमागमोऽपि भतुदुर्लभ प्रासीत् । ] बकुलावलिका--भट्टा कहेदु से उत्तर । [ भर्ता कथयत्वस्या उत्तरम् ।। राजा उत्तरेण किमात्मैव पञ्चबाणाग्निसाक्षिकम् । तव सख्य मया दत्तो न सेव्यः सेविता रह ॥१२॥ बकुलावलिका-अणुगहीदम्ह । [ अनुगृहीते स्व । front of my eyes, and immediately vanishes, when she has come within the grasp of my aims, she suddenly darts forth again, though she is a weak woman , how can my mind be made by the mere delusion of a union to repose any trust in her while I am thus afflicted with the pain of love ?? (11) Vakulāvalıkā -Fiiend, often has the King been deceived, so now show yourself a person to be trusted Malavnica -But, my friend, I, unlucky woman that I am, found union with the King hard to obtain even in dream Vakulāvalıkā -King, give her an answer King-What is the use of giving her an answer ? have given myself to your friend in presence of the file of love, I am not her master, but her servant in secret (12) Vakulāvalıkā --I am highly honoured by this favorable answer 1 Abata means "week” and also "a woman” The pun, as Shankar Pandit observes, is apparent enough 2 Literally, the mind-born one. in a I ·( 111 ) विदूपक-(परिक्रम्य, ससभ्रम् ) बउलावलिए | एसो बालासोप्ररुस्खस्स पल्लवाई लघेदि हरिणो। एहि णिवारेम णं [ बकुलावलिके | एष बालाशोक- वृक्षम्य पल्लवानि लड्वयति हरिण । एहि निवारयाव एनम् । ] बकुलावलिका-तह । [ तथा ] ( इति प्रस्थिता ) राजा-वयस्य । एवमेवास्मिन्रक्षणक्षणेज्वहितेन त्वया भवितव्यम् । विदूषक.-एव्व वि गोदमो सदिसेअदि । [ एवमपि गौतम सदिश्यते ।] बकुलावलिका-(परिक्रम्य ) अन्न गोदम | अह अप्पनासे चिट्ठामि । तुम दुवाररक्खनो होहि । [प्रार्य गौतम | अहमप्रकाशे तिष्ठामि । त्व द्वाररक्षको भव ।] विदूषक -जुजइ । [ युज्यते । ] ( निष्क्रान्ता बकुलावलिका ) विदूषक -इम दाव फलिहक्खंभं अस्सिदो होमि ( इति तथा कृत्वा ) अहो, सुहप्परिसदा सिलाविसेसस्स। [इम तावत्स्फटिकस्तम्भमाश्रितो भवामि । अहो, सुखस्पर्शता शिलाविशेषस्य । ] ( इति निद्रायते ) ( मालविका ससाध्वसा तिष्ठति) Vidūshaka (walking round with an air of agitation ) - Vakulāvalıkā! Here is a deei coming to browse upon the shoots of the young Aśəka-tiee, let us therefoie drive it off Vakulāvalıkā - Very well (She starts off) King You must be on the lookout to guaid us also Vidūshaka —This also is a duty imposed on Gautama . Vakulāvalıkā --Noble Gautama, I will remain in lurking-place, do you guaid the door. Vzdūshaka --That is quite propei [Exit Vakulavalikā In the meanwhile I will be down upon this ciystalslab Oh how pleasant to the feel is this delicious stone (He falls asleep) Malavika looks bashful some ·( 112) राजा- विसृज सुन्दरि । सगमसाध्वसं तव चिरात्प्रभृति प्रणयोन्मुखे । परिगृहाण गते सहकारतां त्वमतिमुक्तलताचरितं मयि ॥१३।। मालविका-देवीए भएए प्रत्तणो वि पिनं कादु ण पारेमि। [ देव्या भयेनात्मनोऽपि प्रियं कर्तुं न पारयामि ।] राजा-अयि । न भेतव्यम् । मालविका-( सोपालम्भम् ) जो ण भाअदि सो मए भट्टिणीदसणे दिट्ठ- सामत्थो भट्टा । [ यो न बिभेति स मया भट्टिनीदर्शने दृष्टसामर्थ्यो भर्ता । ] राजा- दाक्षिण्यं नाम बिम्बोष्ठि । नायकानां कुलव्रतम् । तन्मे दीर्धाक्षि । ये प्राणास्ते त्वदाशानिबन्धना ॥१४॥ King --Dismiss your bashfulness, Oh beautiful one, with regard to me who have been so long devoted to thee, I have become like the mango-tree , do thou assume the part of the Atimukta creeper (13) Mālavikā --Through fear of the Queen I cannot do what my heart approves Keng-Oh I there is no ground for fear Mālavikā --The King, who is now so fearless, has been seen by me in much the same state as myself on beholding the Queen King - Politeness indeed, Oh, Bimba-lipped one, is an invariable characteristic of the descendants of Bimbaka, nevertheless such life as I possess, Oh almond-eyed one, is entirely dependent upon the hope of thy favour (14) 1 Kulavrata, a family custom handed down from generation to generation, such as the celebration of a festival in honour of any deity on a particular day annually Bimbaka was the name of one of the Forefathers of Agnumitra. (SPP) ·( 113 ) तदनुगृह्यता चिरानुरक्तोऽय जन । ( इति सश्लेषमु पजनयति ) (मालविका नाट्येन परिहरति ) राजा-(प्रात्मगतम् ) रमगीय खलु नवागनाना मदनविषयव्यापार । तथा हि इयम्- हस्त कम्पयते रुणद्धि रशनाव्यापारलोलाङ्गुली स्वौ हस्तौ नयति स्तनावरणतामालिङ्गथमाना बलात् । पातुं पक्ष्मलनेत्रमुन्नमयत साचीकरोत्यानन व्याजेनाप्थभिलाषपूरणसुख निर्वतयत्येव मे ॥१५॥ ॥ ( तत प्रविशतीरावती निपुणिका च ) इरावती-हजे णि उणिए । सच्चं तुम परीगदत्था चदिपाए। समुद्दघरअलिदे सइदो एमआई अजगोदमो दिट्ठो ति। [हज्जे निपुरिणके | सत्य त्व परिगतार्था चन्द्रिकया । समुद्रगृहालिन्दै शयित एकाकी आयंगौतमो दृष्ट इति।] निपुणिका-प्रएणहा कहं भट्टिणीए विएणावेमि ? [अन्यथा कथ भट्टिन्यै विज्ञापयामि ?] * So favour me who am attached to you since long ( (gesticulates embracing her) (Mālavika gestzeulating avoiding it) Kang-(To hemself) How pleasant indeed the actions of young ladies in the matter of love For While tiembling she obstructs the hand the fingers of which are actives in the work of giidle, when embraced perforce, she makes her hands cover the breast, when raised to kiss, she tuins a way her face with eyes having beautiful Even under pietext I feel the pleasures which one gets on actual fulfilment of ones desire Enter Irāvatī and Napunikā Iravati ----Nipunika, my gul, did Chandrika really tell you that she saw the noble Gautama alone on the terrace of the lake summer-house? Napuneka -Otherwise I should not have dared to tell your Highness so. * The portion under asterisks is our translation which was not given in the original translation, are eye lashes (15)* 8 ·( 114 ) इरावती-तेण हि तहिं एव्व गच्छम्ह ससादो मुत्त प्रज्जउत्तस्स पिन- वास्स पुच्छिदु म । [ तेन हि तत्रैव गच्छाम सशयान्मुक्तमार्यपुत्रस्य प्रियवयस्य द्रष्टुं च।] निपुणिका-सावोसेसं विप्र भट्टिणीए वनण। [ सावशेषमिव भट्टिन्या वचनम् । इरावती-अण्णं च चित्तगर्द अज्जउत्त पसादेहूँ । [अन्यच्च चित्रगतमार्यपुत्र प्रसादयितुम् ।] निपुणिका-अह दाणि कहं णु भट्टा एवं अणुणोप्रदि ? [अथेदानी कथं नु भतॆवमनुनीयते ?] इरावती-मुद्धे । जारिसो चित्तगदो ण तारिसो एव्व अण्णस कंतहियो प्रज्जउत्तो। केवल उवभारादिक्कम पमज्जिदु अयं प्रारम्भो। [मुग्धे । यादृश्चित्रगतो ननु तादृश एवान्यसक्रान्तहृदय आर्यपुत्र । केवलमुपचारातिक्रम प्रमार्जितुमयमारम्भ ।] निपुणिका-इदो इदो भट्टिणी । [ इत इतो भट्टिनी।] ( उभे परिक्रामत ) (प्रविश्य) Irāvati --Then let us go there in order to enquire after the health of my husband's dear friend rescued from imminent peril, and Napunikā --Your Highness seems to have something further to say Irāvati –And also to apologize to the picture of the King Napunikā — Why do you not endeavour to piopitiate the King himself? Irāvati —Silly gul, a husband whose heart is devoted to another is no better than the picture of a husband My piesent object is only to atone foi my want of proper respect Napunikā - This way, your Highness (They walk round) Enter a female Servant ·( 115 ) चेटी-जेदु जेदु भट्टिणी। भट्टिणि | देवी भणादि-ण मे मच्छरस्स एसो कालो । तेण खु बहुमारण वडढेदु वनस्साए सह णिमलबधणे किदा मालविया । जइ अणुमएणसि अज्जउत्तम्स पिन कादु, तहा करेमि । ज तुह इच्छिन्न त मे भगाहि त्ति । [ जयतु जयतु भट्टिनी। भट्टिनि | देवी भणति-न मे मत्सरस्यैष काल । तेन खलु बहुमानं वर्धयितु वयस्यया सह निगडबन्धने कृता मालविका । यद्यनुभन्यसे प्रार्यपुत्रस्य प्रिय कर्तुं, तथा करोमि । यत्तवेष्ट तन्मे भरणेति । ] इरावती- णारिए । विण्णावेहि देवी-का वन भट्टिणी णिप्रोजेदु ? परिप्रण- णिग्गहेग दसिदो मइ अणुग्गहो। कस्स वा पसादेण अन जणो वड्ढदि ति । [ नागरिके । विज्ञापय देवीम्-का वयं भट्टिनी नियोजयितुम् । परिजननिग्रहेण दशितो मय्यनुग्रह । कस्य वा प्रसादेनाय जनो वर्धत इति । चेटी-तह । [ तथा। ] ( इति निष्क्रान्ता ) निपुणिका-(परिक्रम्यावलोक्य च ) भट्टिणि । एसो दुवारुद्देसे समुद्दघरस्स विपणिगदो विन बलीवद्दो प्रज्जगोदमो पासीणो एव्व णिहाअदि । [ भट्टिनि । एष द्वारोद्देशे समुद्रगृहस्य विपणिगत इव बलीवर्द पार्यगौतम आसीन एव निद्रायते । Servant --Victory to youl Highness ! The Queen? says —"This is not proper occasion for me to show jealousy, and it was only in order to inciease the gieat iespect in which you are held that I put Malayıkā in fetters together with her friend, if you give me leave I will intei cede with the King on your behalf Let me know your wish" Irāvatī - Nāgarıkā, give the Queen this message from Who am I that I should commission the Queen to execute my wishes? She has shewn great condescension towards me in punishing her attendants What other person in the world honours me with favourable notice ? Servant - I will do so [Exit Napuneked. (ewalkeang round and looleang)-Your Highness, here is Gautama reclining in perfect confidence on the threshold of the lake snmmer-house, and sleeping like an ox in the market " That is, the head Queen, Dhārışı The bull here referred to 18 a vasu or pol, who is sacred being let loose as part of some funeral ceremonies. He lives on grain which me 1 2 ·( 116 ) इरावती- -अच्चाहिदं, ण खु सावसेसो विसविप्रारो हवे। [प्रत्याहितम् न खलु सावशेषो विषविकारो भवेत् ।। निपुणिका-पसरणमुहवएणो दोसइ । अवि अ धुवसिद्धिणा चिइच्छिदो। ता से असकणिज्ज पाव । [प्रसन्नमुखवर्णो दृश्यते। अपि च ध्रुवसिद्धिना चिकित्सित । तदस्याशङ्कनीय पापम् । ] विदूषक.-( उत्स्वप्नायते ) भोदि मालविए । [ भवति मालविके । ] निपुणिका-सुद भट्टिणीए -कस्स एसो अत्तणियोप्रसंपादणे विस्ससणिज्जो हदासो ? सव्वकाल इदो एव सोत्थिवाअणमोदएहिं कुच्छि पूरिअ संपद मालविन उस्सिविणावेदि। [श्रुत भट्टिन्या-कस्यैष प्रात्मनियोगसंपादने विश्वसनीयो हताश. ? सर्वकालमित एवं स्वस्तिवाचनमोदकै कुक्षि पूरयित्वा साप्रत मालविका- मुत्स्वप्नायते ।] विदूषक.-इरावदि अदिक्कमती होहि । [ इरावतीमतिकामन्ती भव । ] Irāvati --That is ominous It can hardly be the case, I hope, that any bad effects of the poison still remain Napuurkā --The expression of his face is tranquil Moreover, he has been treated by Dhruvasiddhi Therefore nothing evil need be suspected Vidushaka (beginning to talk in his sleep) —Lady Mālavika- Nipuurkā -Did your Highness hear? Whose son is this wretch ? The rascal who has always filled his belly with complimentary sweetmeats given by our faction, is now talking in his sleep about Mālavikā Vadīshaka (continues to talk in his sleep) --May you cut out Irāvatī! all consider it good charity to supply to him, and he also helps himself to the grain exposed for sale in shops He becomes very fat and squats quietly near some shop, and dozes away without fear of being disturbed, (S P P.)

·( 117 ) निपुणिका-एद अच्चाहिद, इमं भुअगभीरुन बम्हबधु इमिणा भुग- कुडिलेण दडकट्टेण खंभतरिदा भाइस्स । [ एतदत्याहितम् , इमं भुजगभीरुक ब्रह्मबन्धुमनेन भुजगकुटिलेन दण्डकाष्ठेन स्तम्भान्तरिता भीषयिष्यामि । ] इरावती-अरुहदि एव्व किदग्धो उवद्दवत्स । [अहंत्येव कृतघ्न उपद्रवस्य ।] (निपुरिणका विदूषकस्योपरि दण्डकाष्ठं पातयति ।) विदूषक -( सहसा प्रबुध्य ) अविहा अविहा, भो वनस्स | सप्पो मे उवरि पडिदो। [अविधा प्रविधा, भो वयस्य । सर्पो म उपरि पतित ।] . राजा-(सहसोपसृत्य ) सखे । न भेतव्यं न भेतव्यम् । मालविका-(अनुसृत्य ) भट्टा । मा दाव सहसा णिक्कम । सप्पो त्ति भणीअदि। [ भर्त। मा तावत्सहसा निष्काम । सर्प इति भएयते । ] Nrpunikā — This is outrageous I will hide behind the pillar and frighten with this stick of mine, which is crooked like a snake, this scoundrelly Brāhman, who is so much afraid of serpents Iravati -Indeed, the treacherous logue deserves some misfortune 1 Nepunikā pitches her stick on to the body of the Vidioshalka Vodüshaka (waking up suddenly) -Woe is me! A snake has fallen upon me King (rushing up immediately) -Friend do not be afraid, do not be afraid ! Malavrka (following him) --Sır, do not rush out som heedlessly, he says there is a snake there 1 Bollensen has sappadamsanam, to be bitten by a snake.

·( 118 ) इरावती-हद्धि हद्धि, भट्टा इदो एव्व धावदि। [ हा धिक् हा धिक, भर्ता इत एव धावति । विदूपक - ( साहासम् ) कह दडकट्ठ एद। अहं उण जाणे ज मए केदईकंटएहिं दसं करिन सप्पस्स उवरि अनसो किद, त मे फलिद त्ति [ कथ दण्ड- काष्ठमेतत् । अह पुनर्जाने यन्मया केतकीकण्टकेदंश कृत्वा सर्पस्योपर्ययश कृतम्, तन्मे फलितमिति।] (प्रविश्य पटाक्षेपेण वकुलावलिका–मा दाव भट्टा पविसदु । इह कुडिलगई सप्पो विन दीसदि। [ मा तावद्भर्ता प्रविशतु । इह कुटिलगति सर्प इव दृश्यते । ] इरावती-( स्तम्भान्तरिता राजान सहसोपेत्य ) अवि णिबिग्घमणोरहो दिवासकेदो मिहुणस्स ? [अपि निर्विघ्नमनोरथो दिवासकेतो मिथुनस्य ? ] Irāvatī-Alas! Alas! Here is the King iunning out of the house Vidīshaka (laughing) -What! is this only a stick? I think, howevci, that I have received the just iewaid of my piesumption in imitating the bite of a serpent with ketakż-thoins Enter Vakulāvalıkā hurriedly? Vakulāvalıkā -Do not advance, Oh King In this direction I believe I see a serpent-a. serpent crooked in its going 2 Iāvati (advancing towards the King) -Did you find youi mid day meeting as delicious as you expected ? 1 Literally, tossing aside the stage curtain 2 ' Taranatha observes that Iravati is called a serpent on account of the crookedness of her mind ·( 119 ) ( सर्वे इरावती दृष्ट्वा संभ्रान्ता.) राजा-प्रिये । अपूर्वोऽयमुपचार । इरावती-बकुलावलिए | दिठिया दुचाहिबारविसमा संपुरणा दे पइराणा ? [ बकुलावलिके । दिष्ट्या दूत्यभिसारविषया सपूर्णा ते प्रतिज्ञा।] बकुलावलिका- पसीददु भट्टिणी। किं मए किदत्ति देवो पुच्छिदव्वो। ददुरा वाहरतित्ति किं देवो पुहवीए परिसि, विरमदि ? । [प्रसीदतु भट्टिनी । कि मया कृतमिति देव प्रष्टव्य । दर्दुरा ध्याहरन्तीति किं देव. पृथिव्या वर्षितुं विरमति ?] विदूषक -मा दाव, भोदीए दसणमत्तेण अत्तभव परिणवादलघण विसुमरिदो। तुम उण अजवि पसाद ण गेएहसि ? [ मा तावत् । भवत्या दर्शनमात्रेणात्रभवान् प्रणिपातलवन विस्मृतः । त्व पुनरद्यापि प्रसाद न गृह्णासि ? ] ( (All are confused on beholding Irāvati) King --Darling, this is an extraordinary form of salutation Irāvati --Allow me also to congi atulate you, Vakulāvalıkā, on the way in which you have made good your promise of acting as a go-between Vakulāvalıkā --Let youi Highness have compassion on Does Indra forget the earth because the frogs Croak ? Vidushaka - Queen, do not go on in this way Merely on beholding you the King forgot your previous rejection of his humble prosti ation, but you refuse to be reconciled us even now 1 Tirānātha reads smaratt vismaratı "Is it the croaling of the frogs that brings the rain ? He explains it that the King's behaviour is the result of his own passion, and has nothing to do with Vakulāvalıkā’s suggestions Shankar Pandit obvserves ---Vakulāvallıkā means that whatever she and her poor friend Mālavikā may have said about the Kırg, that talk would have no more effect upon the King's love to Irāvati than the croaking of frogs has on the love of the cloud for the earth Bollensen and Kātayavema have varshi tum urramati, cease to him on the earth ·( 120 ) इरावती-कुविदा दाणि अह किं करिस्स ? [कुपितेदानीमहं किं करिष्यामि?] राजा-एवमेतत्, प्रस्थाने कोप इत्यनुपपन्नं त्वयि । तथा हि कदा मुख वरतनु । कारणाहते तवागत क्षणमपि कोपपात्रताम् । अपर्वणि ग्रहकलुषेन्दुमण्डला विभावरी कथय कथं भविष्यति ॥१६॥ इरावती-अट्ठाणे त्ति सुछ वाहरिद अज उत्तेण । अण्णसंकतेसु अम्हाणं भाग्रहेएसु जइ उण कुप्पेन, तदो ण अह हस्सा भवैनं । [प्रस्थान इति सुष्टु व्याहृतमार्यपुत्रेण । अन्यसकान्तेष्वस्माक भागधेयेषु यदि पुन कुप्येयम्, ततो नन्वहं हास्या भवेयम् । ] राजा-त्वमन्यथा कल्पयसि । अहं पुन सत्यमेव कोपस्थानं न पश्यामि । कुतः G Irāvati -What can I do now that I am angry ? King -You see that "anger without cause” is a pait that does not suit you For, fair one, when did your face without reason pass even for a moment into the power of anger ? Tell me, how shall the night have the circle of the moon obscured by Rāhu, except at the appointed time ? Irāvatī — The phrase "without "without cause" was appror priately used by my husband Now that my good fortune has passed to another, I should make myself ridiculous if I were ever to be angiy again King --Your notion is a mistaken one But I so far agice with you that I really see no ground foi angei Foi it was in obedience to the piecept that on festival days attendants ought not to be impiisoned, even if they have Parvan the full and change of the moon, and the eighth and fourteenth of each half month (Monier Williams) Rāhu is supposed to producc eclipses by temporarily swallowing the sun and moon 1 ·( 121 ) नाहति कृतापराधोऽप्युत्सवदिवसेषु परिजनो बन्धम् । इति मोचिते मयैते प्रणिपतितु मामुपगते च ॥१७'। इरावती--णिउणिए । गच्छ। देवी विएणावेहि । दिट्ठो भवदीए पक्खवादो ण अज ति। [निपुणिके । गच्छ । देवी विज्ञापय । दृष्टो भवत्या पक्षपातो नन्वद्येति ।] निपुणिका-तह । [ तथा।] ( इति निष्क्रान्ता) विदूषक (आत्मगतम् ) अहो, अगत्थो सपडिदो। दधणभट्टो गिहकवोदो बिडालिपाए आलोए पडिदो।'[अहो, अनर्थ सपतित । बन्धनभ्रष्टो गृहकपोतो विडालिकाया आलोके पतित ।] निपुणिका-(प्रविश्यापवार्य ) भट्टिरिण | जदिच्छादिट्ठाए माहविनाए आचक्खिद-एव्व खु एद णिवृत्त त्ति । [ भट्टिनि । यदृच्छादृष्टया मावविकया- ख्यातम्-एवं खल्वेतन्निवृत्तमिति । ] ( इति कर्णे कथयति ) committed a fault, that I caused these guls to be set at liberty, and they came to tender me their respectful thanks Irāvati --Nipunikā, go and inform the Queen that I have had an instance of the way in which she takes my side Napunikā -Very well Vidishalea. (to leemself)-Alas, a misfortune has happened The house-pigeon, aftei escaping from confinement, has fallen into the beak of the kite 1 Enter Napunikā Napanakea --Queen, on the way I happened to meet with Madhavikā, and she informed me that it came abouts in this way (Whispers in the Queen's car) 1 Shankar Pandit says the passage is to be taken ironically Irāvati suspected that Dhārını wished to aid the King's intrigue with Milavıkā Tārānātha reads ekapakshatāditvam, partiality to one sideand adds avadhatam me hızdayam adyett, which perhaps means "my heart is henceforth on its guard 2 Tūrānātha reads zulalihūya mloke--came within sight of the cat 3 For nirvizttam Tārānātha reads niinitiam, & e, this was the cause. " ·( 122 ) इरावती-(प्रात्मगतम् ) उववरण, सर्च अन एत्य बम्हबधुणा किदो पोलो । ( विदूषक विलोक्य ) इन इमस्स कामततसचिवस्स गीदी । [ उपपन्नम्, सत्यमयमत्र ब्रह्मबन्धुना कृत प्रयोग । इयमस्य कामतन्त्रमचिवस्य नीति । विदूषक - भोदि । जदि णीदिगद एक वि अक्खर पढेनं, तदो गात्ति वि विसुमरेन । [ भवति । यदि नीतिगतमेकमप्यक्षर पठेयम्, ननु ततो गायत्रीमपि विस्मरेयम् । ] राजा-(प्रात्मगतम् ) कथ नु खल्वस्मात्सकटादात्मानं मोचयिष्यामि ? (प्रविष्य ) जयसेना-( सावेगम् ) देव । कुमारी वसुलच्छो कंदुअ अणुधावदी पिंगल- वाणरेण बलिन तासिदा अकरिणसरणा देवीए पवादकिसलम विन वेवमाणा ण किवि पकिदि पडिवजइ । [ देव । कुमारी वसुलक्ष्मी कन्दुकमनुधावन्ती पिङ्गल- वानरेण बलवत्त्रासिताङ्कनिषरणा देव्या प्रवातकिसलयमिव वेपमाना न किंचित् प्रकृति प्रतिपद्यते।] Iravati (to herself)-I understand it all now That scoundielly Brāhman unaided has devised the whole scheme (Looking towards the I'dūshuka, aloud) This is all the policy of that Minister veised in the treatises on love Vidūshaka - Policy ! Lady, if I evei read one sylable of policy, may I even foiget the gāyatrī: King (to hemsilf -How on earth can I extricate myself from this embaiiassing situation ? Enter Jayasenā in a state of excitement Jayasenā -King' the Princess Vasulakshmi, while running after her ball, was teiribly frightened by a biown ape, and even now, though sitting on the lap of the Queen, she still trembles like a spray waving in the wind, and does not recover her natural spirits 2 1 Tūrānātha reads na atrabhavantam samisrito bhareyam, which means-- if I could read a single syllable of policy, I should not be dependent upon the King for support 2 Tarānātha and Bollensen omit prakııııı So the passage will mean, "gives no answer » ·( 123" राजा-कष्टं कष्टम्, कातरो बालभाव । इरावती-(सावेगम् ) तुवरदु अजउत्तो णं समम्सासइदु । मा से सतासज- णिदो विपारो वड्ढदु। [ त्वरतामार्यपुत्र, एना समाश्वासयितुम् । मास्या. संत्रास- जनितो विकारो वर्धताम् । ] राजा-अयमेनामह संज्ञापयामि । ( इति सत्वरं परिकामति) विदूषक - साहु रे पिंगलवाणर । साहु, परित्तादो तुए संकटादो सपक्खो। [ साधु रे पिङ्गलवानर | साधु, परित्रातस्त्वया संकटात स्वपक्ष ।] 1 ( निष्क्रान्तो राजा विदूषकश्च, इरावती निपुणिका प्रतीहारी च ) मालविका -हला । देवि चितिम वेवदि मे हिमश्र । ण जाणे अदो वर कि वा अणुहविदव्व हविसस्सदि त्ति । [ सखि | देवी चिन्तयित्वा वेपते मे हृदयम् । न जानेऽत पर किं वाऽनुभवितव्य भविष्यतीति । ] Kiny -Alas! childien are timid creatures Iāvata in a state of agitation) -Let the King hasten to console her Take care that the distiaction which the fright has pioduced does not inciease King -I will soon bring her to her senses (Walks round rapidly) Vedūshaka --Bravo! brown monkey! You have very skifully got your caste-fellowl out of a nice sci ape (Exeunt King with his friend, Irāvati, Nepunikā, and the female door keeper) Malavikā - Alus' my heart trembles when I think of the Queen I do not know what I shall have to endure next The Vidīshaka looks upon 1 Tarānātha reads svapal sha, your side himself as an apt, 01 the next thing to it ·( 124 ) ( नेपथ्ये) अच्चरिन अचरित्र, अपुरणे एव्व पचरत्ते दोहलस्स मुउलेहि सणद्धो तवरणीमा- सोओ। जाव देवीए णिवेदेमि । । आश्चर्यमाश्चर्यम्, अपूर्ण एव पञ्चरात्रे दोहदस्य मुकुलै संनद्धस्तपनीयाशोक । यावद् देव्यै निवेदयामि । ] ( उभे श्रुत्वा प्रहृष्टे । ) बकुलावलिका—आस्ससिदु सही। सच्चप्पइण्णा देवी। [आश्वसितु सखी। सत्यप्रतिज्ञा देवी।] मालविका- तेण हि पमदवणपालिपाए पिट्ठदो होम्ह। [ तेन हि प्रमदवन- पालिकाया पृष्ठतो भवाव. ।] बकुलावलिका-तह । [तया।] ( इति निष्क्रान्ते ) इति चतुर्थोऽङ्क । A vozce behind the scenes । Wonderful Wonderful! Before the five nights have elapsed from the time of the ceremony, the golden Asoka is covered all over with buds I will go and inform the Queen Both are delighted on hearing this Vakulāvalıkā - Let my dear friend take comfort The Queen is known to keep her promises Matavelea -Well, then, let us follow the keeper of the pleasure-grove close at the heels Vakulāvalıkā -So be it [Excunt. Here ends the Fourth Act -- ·( 125) पञ्चमोऽङ्कः ( तत प्रविशत्युद्यानपालिका) उद्यानपालिका-उवक्खित्तो मए किदसकारविहिणो तवरणीपासोपस्स वेदियाबंधो। जाव अणुट्ठिदणियोनं अत्ताणं देवीए णिवेदेमि । ( परिक्रम्य ) अहो देवस्स अणुकपणीमा मालविया । तस्सि तह चडिमा देवी इमिणा असो- अकुसुमवुत्ततेण पसादसुमुही हविस्सदि । कहिं णु खु देवी हवे ? ( विलोक्य ) अम्हो । एसो देवीए परिप्रणब्भतरो किं वि जदुमुद्दालछिद मजूसं गेरिहन चदुस्सा- लादो कुजो सारसिनो णिकामदि। पुच्छिस्स दाव णं। ( तत प्रविशति यथानिर्दिष्टहस्त कुब्ज ) सारसिभ । कहिं पत्थिदोसि ? [ उपक्षिप्तो मया कृतसत्कारविधिस्तपनीयाशोकस्य वेदिकाबन्ध । यावदनुष्ठितनियोगमात्मान देव्यै निवेदयामि। अहो देवस्यानुकम्पनीया मालविका। तस्या तथा चण्डी देव्यनेना- शोककुसुमवृत्तान्तेन प्रसादसुमुखी भविष्यति । कुत्र नु खलु देवी भवेत् ? अहो, एष देव्या परिजनाभ्यन्तर किमपि जतुमुद्रालाग्छिता मजूषा गृहीत्वा चतु शालात कुब्ज. सारसिको निष्कामति । प्रक्ष्यामि तावदेनम् । सारसिक । कुत्र प्रस्थितोऽसि ?] ACT V -- Enter Madhukarıkā, the female keeper of the garden Madhukarıkā -I have erected a verandah covered with a roof round the golden Asoka-tiee on which the usual ceremony was performed, now let me inform the Queen that I have accomplished her commission (walking १ound) ) Ah ! Destiny ought to take pity on Mālavikā And the Queen, who is angry with her, will behold her with a favourable countenance owing to this circumstance of the Asoka's putting forth flowers I wonder now where the Queen is Here is Saiasaka, the hunch back that belongs to the Queen's household, coming out of the quadrangle with a kind of leather trunk in his hand, sealed with a lac seal I will ask him (Enter the Hunch-back as descrried) (Going up to him) Sāiasaka ' where are you going 1, Tārānātha reads bhittivedıkābandha, which means an altar of ·( 126 ) सारसिक'-महुअरिए । विजाभरिमाण बम्हणाण णिचदक्खिरण मासिई पुरोहिदम्स हत्थ पावइस्सं । [ मधुकरिके । विद्याभरिताना ब्राह्मणाना नित्यदक्षिणा मामिकी पुरोहितस्य हस्त प्रापयिष्यामि ।] मधुकरिका-ग्रह किरिणमित्तं ? [अथ किंनिमित्तम् ? ] सारसिक -जदप्पहुहि सेरणावदिजएणतुरगरक्खणे रिणउत्तो भट्टदारो वसुमित्तो तदप्पहुदि तस्स आउसणिमित्त शिकसदसुवरणपरिमाण दक्खिरण देवी दक्खिणीएहिं परिग्गाहेदि । [ यत प्रभृति सेनापतियज्ञतुरगरक्षणे नियुक्तो भर्तृदा- रको वसुमित्रस्तत प्रभृति तस्यायुनिमित्त निष्कशतसुवर्णपरिमाणा दक्षिणा देवी दक्षिणीयै परिग्राहयति ।] मधुकरिका-अह कहिं देवी ? किं वा अणुचिढदि ? । अथ कुत्र देवी ? किं वाऽनुतिष्ठति ?] Sārtsaku -Madhukaiikā, here are gold pieces intended for Brāhmans who have acquired sacred lore? I am therefore going to transfer them to the hands of the ieverend chaplain Madhukarıkā -For what reason ? Sārasaka -Ever since the Queen heard that the Prince Vasumitra was appointed by the genei alto guard the sacrificial horse, she has been bestowing on those worthy of a dole a present of eighteen gold pieces in oidei to secure him long life Madhukarakā That is as it should be But where is the Queen ? ground prepared for sacrificial ceremonies Satkaravidhına means, according to the usual method of doing honour to such trees 1 Shankar Pandit omits the word anuchiththartanam in his second edition It means according to him, the reciting of Vedas or other sacred texts for a certain number of times within a definite period 2 He was the father of Agnimitra, and retained the title of general, having served in that capacity under the last Maurya king whom he deposed, putting his own son upon the throne (Shankar Pandit) ·( 127 ) सारसिक - मगलघरे पासणत्था भविप्र विदब्भविसादो भादुणा वीरसे- गोण पेसिदं लेह लेहकरहिं वाइप्रमाणं सुणादि । [ मङ्गलगृह आसनस्था भूत्वा विदर्भविषयाद् भ्रात्रा वीरसेनेन प्रेषित लेख लेखकरैर्वाच्यमान शृणोति । ] मधुकरिका-को उण विदभराप्रवृत्ततो सुणीअदि ? [ क. पुनर्विदर्भराज- वृत्तान्त श्रूयते ?] A सारसिक -वसीकिदो ग्वु वीरसेणप्पमुहेहि भत्तुणो विजअदडेहिं विदब्भ- णाहो । मोइदो से दामादो माहवसेणो। दूदो अ तेण महासाराणि रमणारिण वाहणाणि सिप्पप्रारिआभूइट्ठ परिप्रण उवाप्रणीकरिअ भट्टिणोसमास पेसिदो ति । [ वशीकृत किल वीरसेनप्रमुखैभर्तुविजयदण्डैविदर्भनाथ । मोचितोऽस्य दायादो माधवसेन । दूतश्च तेन महासाराणि रत्नानि वाहनानि शिल्पकारिकाभूयिष्ठं परिजनमुपायनीकृत्य भर्तुं सकाश प्रेषित इति ।.] Sārasaka -She is sitting on a thione in the Auspicious Hall,' and is listening to a letter sent from the countıy of Vidai bha by her brother Vīrasena, which is being read out by the scribes Madhukarıkā –Well, what is the news about the King of Vidarbha? Sārasakā The King of Vidaibha has been reduced to submission by the King's victorious aimy commanded by Vīrasena, and his relation Madhavasena has been delivered from captivity, accordingly he has sent as a present to the King some valuable waggon-loads of jewels, and some attendants, piincipally accomplished maidens, he has also despatched an ambassadoi who is to have an intei view with his Highness to-moilow 1 Shankar Pandit remarks on the words mangala-gharae This refers to a part of the place set apart for sacred purposes, the apartment, most likely, where the gods were worshipped ·( 128 ) मधुकरिका- गच्छ, अणुचिट्ठ अत्तणो रिणपोय। अह वि देवि पेक्खिस्स । [ गच्छानुतिष्ठात्मनो नियोगम् । अहमपि देवी प्रेक्षिष्ये । ] ( इति निष्क्रान्तौ) इति प्रवेशकः। ( तत प्रविशति प्रतीहारी) प्रतीहारी-प्राणत्तम्हि असोनसकारवावुदाए देवीए, विएणावेहि अजउत्तं- इच्छम्मि अजउत्तेण सह अमोअरुक्खस्स पसूणलच्छि पच्चक्खीकादु त्ति । ता जाव धम्मासणगदं देव पडिवालेमि। [प्राज्ञप्तास्म्यशोकसत्कारव्यापृतया देव्या, विज्ञाप- यार्यपुत्रम् - इच्छाम्यार्यपुत्रेण सहाशोकवृक्षस्य प्रसूनलक्ष्मी प्रत्यक्षीकर्तुमिति । तद्या- वद्धर्मासनगतं देव प्रतिपालयामि । ] ( इति परिक्रामति ) ( नेपथ्ये वैतालिको) प्रथम -विजयता विजयता देव । दिष्टया दण्डैरेव रिपुशिर.सु वर्तते देव । Madhukarrka -Go and perform your commission, I for my pait will go and see the Queen Here ends the Introductor y Scene Enter the female door keeper Door-keeper --The Queen' has given me the following o dei --Inform my husband that I desire to behold in his company the splendour of the flowering of the Asoka-tree Let us now wait for the King who has gone to the tribunal of justice Two Bards behind the scenes First BandWe hail the King who by means of his army tramples upon the heads of his enemies 1 Bollensen and Turānitha insert the Prākıt equivalent of asokasatkāra vyapritayı, engaged in honouring the Asola tree No doubt the whole ceremony was a survival of tree worship ·( 129 ) । - परभृतकलव्याहारेपु त्वमात्तरतिर्मधु नयसि विदिशातीरोद्यानेष्वनङ्ग इवाङ्गवान् । विजयकरिणामालानत्व गते प्रबलस्य ते वरद । वरदारोधीवृक्षै. सहावनतो रिपु ||१|| द्वितीय विरचितपद वीरप्रीत्या सुरोपम | सूरिभि- श्चरितमुभयोर्मध्येकृत्य स्थित कथकैशिकान् । तव हृतवतो दण्डानीकैर्विदर्भपते श्रियं परिघगुरुभिर्दोभिर्विष्णो प्रसह्य च रुक्मिणीम् ॥२॥ First Band -While thou, Oh bestower of boons, dost delightsomely spend the spiing in gardens on the banks of the Vidiśā, in which the cuckoos are engaged in uttering pleasing notes, like the comely-lımbel god of love, in the meanwhile the enemy of thee, whose army is so mighty, has been caused to bow together with the trees on the banks of the Varadā, which served as the hooks for fastening thy victorious elephants ? (1) Second Bard God-like hero, the victories of both of you over the Krathakaiſikas are celebrated in Song by sages from pure love of heroism, of thee who by means of thy military forces didst take away the glory of the King of Vidarbha, and of Kuishna, who by main foce, carried off Rukmini with his four arms strong as clubs (2) 1 In the original this is a series of puns attoralı may refer to tha name of Kāma's wife angavān may mean having a body, Ananga (love) being literally the bodiless one, payabhritānām may mean either cuckoos or dependants (bards, &c), madhu may mean spring or pleasure In Varadā, the name of the river called in our maps Wurdah, and Varada, giver of boons, the jingle is obvious Upadhabalasya may be translated "of greatstrength" according to Taranatha. 9 ·( 130) प्रतीहारी-एसो जनमद्दसूइदप्पत्थारणो भट्टा इदो एव्व आप्रच्छदि। अहं वि दाव इमस्स पमुहादो लोप्रादो प्रोसरिन खंभतरिदा होमि। [ एष जयशब्द- सूचितप्रस्थानो भर्तेत एवागच्छति । अहमपि तावदस्य प्रमुखाल्लोकादपसृत्य स्तम्भा- न्तरिता भवामि । ] ( इत्येकान्ते स्थिता) ( प्रविश्य सवयस्य ) राजा- कान्तां विचिन्त्य सुलभेतरसप्रया श्रुत्वा विदर्भपतिमानमितं बलैश्च । धाराभिरातप इवाभिहत सरोज दुखायते मम मन सुखमश्नुते च ॥३॥ विदूषक -जह अहं पेक्खामि तह एक्कतसुहिदो भव हविस्सदि। [ यथाऽहं प्रेक्ष्ये तथा एकान्तसुखितो भवान्भविष्यति । ] राजा-कथमिव ? Female Door-keeper -Here is the King coming in this direction, his setting forth being announced by shouts of victory, I for my part will step a little out of his direct course, and put myself under this arch of the main terrace ( (stands asade) Enter the King with his friend King When I consider that union with my beloved is hard to attain, and, on the other hand, now that I have heard that the King of Vidai bha has been subdued by my forces, my heart, like a lotus stiuck with jain-diops in the full blaze of the sun, suffer pain, and at the same time enjoys pleasure (3) Vadīshaka As far as I am able to see, your Highness will certainly be exceedingly delighted soon King -Friend, how can that take place?

·( 131 ) विदूषक --अज किल देवीए एघ पडितकोमिई भाणदा ---- भाप्रवदि । जं तुमं पसाहणगव्व वहसि, त दहि मालवियाए सरीरे विवाहणेवत्थ ति। ताए सविमेसालकिदा मालविया । तत्तहोदी कदावि पूरए भवदोवि मगोरह । [अद्य किल देव्यै पण्डितकौशिकी भणिता-भगवति । यत्त्व प्रसाधनगवं वहसि तदर्शय मालविकाया शरीरे विवाहनेपथ्यमिति । तया मविशेपालकृता मालविका तत्र- भवती कदाचित्पूरयेद्भवतोऽपि मनोरथम् । ] राजा- सखे ! मदपेक्षानुवृत्त्या निवृत्तेाया धारिण्या पूर्वाचरिते सभाव्यत एवैतत् । प्रतिहारी-( उपगम्य ) जेदु जेदु भट्टा । देवी विएणावेदि-तवणीप्रामोअस्स कुमुमसोहग्गदसणेण मह प्रारम्भो सफलो करीअदु त्ति । [ जयतु जयतु भर्ता । देवी विज्ञापयति-तपनीयाशोकस्य कुसुमसौभाग्यदर्शनेन ममारम्भ सफल क्रियतामिति । राजा--ननु तत्रैव देवी तिष्ठति । l'idūshaka —I hear that to-day the Queen Dhāiini said to the learned Krusıkı --Revererd Lady, suce you pizde yourself upon your skill in cosmetic, give a specimen on the person of Mālavikā of the style of wedding adornment followed in Vidarbha Accordingly, Kausıkı has decked out Mālavikā in splenilid style The Queen will some day gratify your desiie King -Filend ! this is indeed quite probable on account of the former actions of Queen Dhūrini, whose continual deferential iegard for me rendeis her free from jealousy Female Door-keeper (coming forward) - Victory to the King The Queen sends this mesange May my undertaking be rendered successful by the King's condescending to behold the beruty of the flowers of the golden Asoka King - Of course the Queen is there 1 “Art of decoration, which is called cosmetic" Bacon's Advancement of Learning, p 133, Wright's edition 2 Literally, the following of deference towards me, the always squaring her conduct in accordance with my wishes ·( 132 ) प्रतीहारी–अह इ। जहरिहसमाणसुहिन अतेउर विसजिन मालविनापुरो- एण अत्तणो परिमणेरण मह देव पडिवालेदि। [अथ किम् । यथार्हसमानमुखित- मन्त पुर विसृज्य मालविकापुरोगेणात्मन परिजनेन सह देव प्रतिवालयति । ] राजा---( महर्ष विदूषक विलोक्य ) जयसेने । गच्छाग्रत । प्रतिहारी- एदु एदु देवो । [ एत्वेतु देव । ] ( इति परिकामति ) विदूषक -( विलोक्य ) भो वभस्म । किवि परिवृत्तजोव्वणो वित्र वसतो पमदवणे लक्वीनदि। [ भो वयस्य । किंचित्पस्वृित्तयौवन इव वसन्त प्रमदवने लक्ष्यते।] राजा- यथाह भवान् । अग्रे विकीर्णकुरबकफलजालकभिद्यमानसहकारम् । परिणामाभिमुखमृतोरुत्सुकर्यात यौवनं चेत ॥४॥ Femule Door keeper — Undoubtedly Having dismissed the ladies of the harem, who have been giatified by being honoured in accordance with theii meiits, she is waiting for the King, accompanied by her own personal attendants, headed by Malavikā King (delighted, looking at the Vidūshaka) — Jayasenā, go on in front Female Door-keeper --I his way, this way, your Majesty They all walk round Vzdūshaka (looking alout) --My friend the spring seems to be almost past his youth in the pleasure giove King - Your iemark is quite true The youth of the spring in which the Kuravaka flowers are scattered here and there on the outer side of the tree, in which the mango-tiee is weighed down with the burden of its fruits, now approaching its termination, fills the minds with iegietful thoughts (4) Tāranātha reads yathutava sanmana sukham--She has provided for your liaving a flattering and agreeable reception She has dismissed, &c Tārānātha reads bhrdyamana, "Split > Another reading is bhajya. mana "brokenu 1 2 ·( 133) विदृपक - ( परिक्रम्य ) अहो अग्र सो दिएणणेवत्थो विन कुसुमत्थव हि तवरणीपासोमो, ओलोअदु भव । [अहो, अय स दत्तनेपथ्य इव कुसुमस्तबकैस्त- पनीयाशोक , अवलोकयतु भवान् । ] राजा-स्थाने खलु प्रसव मन्थरोऽयमभूत् । यदिदानीमनन्यसाधारणी शोभा- मुद्वहति । पश्य- सर्वाशोकनरूगा प्रथम सूचितवसन्तविभवानाम् । निर्वृत्तदोहदेऽस्मिन् संक्रान्तानीव कुसुमानि ।।५।। विदृपक-तह, भो । वीसद्धो होहि । अम्हेसु सणिहिदेसु वि धारिणो पास- परिवट्टिणी मालवियं अणुनर रोदि। [ तथा, भो । विलम्बो भा । अस्मासु सनिहितेष्वपि वारिणी पाश्वपरिवर्तिनी माल विकामनुमन्यते । । Vidishala -Lo, here is that golden Asoka which seems to be decked with clusters of flowers as with ornaments Look at it! King-Indeed, this tiee was right in delaying to produce flowers For it now displays an unrivalled splendour of blossom Look! The flowers from all the Asoka tiees that first exhibited the power of spiing, have, as it were, been transferred to this, now that its longing has been satisned (5) Vidūrhaka - Come, be of good cheer! Though we are approaching near, Dhārınī permits Mālavikā Malavikā to stand close by her 1. For kusuman. Howers Taranatha reads mukutane buds, and for tarūnam trees, latānām creepers 2 ze, by contact with the foot of Malavika क ·( 134 ) राजा-(सहपम् ) सखे । पश्य- मामियमभ्युत्तिष्ठति देवी विनयादुपस्थिता प्रिप्रया विस्तृतहस्तकमलया नरेन्द्रलक्ष्म्या वसुमतीव ॥६॥ ( तत प्रविशति धारिणी मालविका परिवाजिका विभवतश्च परिवार ) मालविका -(प्रात्मगतम् ) जाणामि णिमित्त कोदुआल कारस्स। तह वि मे हिप्रश्न बिसिरणीपत्तगद विन सलिल वेवदि । अविन दक्खिणेदर वि मे रणअण बहुसो फुरदि। ।जानामि निमित्त कौतुकालकारस्य । तथापि मे हृदय विसिनी- पत्रगतमिव सलिल वेपते । अपि च दक्षिणेतरमपि मे नयन बहुश स्फुरति । ] विदूषक -भी वनस्स ! विवाहणेनत्थेण सविसेस खु सोहदि मालविया । [ भो वयस्य । विवाहनेपथ्येन सविशेष खलु शोभते मालविका । ] King - Look, fiiend, the eneern is 11sing up at my appiorch, żespectfully waited upon by my beloved, like the earth attenıled by the gool follu 10 of kings, wanting only the lotus fan 1 (6) Then are drscovered Dhānın, Malayıkā, the Parivrāgrica, and attendants in order of Tank Malavnita --I know the reason of my festal attire : Nevertheless, my heait trembles like water in the leaf of a lotus Moi eover, my left eye throbs ९ Vzdūshaka ---Ah' undoubtedly the Lady Mālavikā looks exceedingly splendid in this wedding dress 1 16, nothing was wanting but the lotus fan to make Malavika pasemble Lakshmi Talānātha reads vrstrita, having a broad lotus fan, and anutthitī, having Mālāvikā rising after her He compares anvāsztam Arundhatyā without giving the source of the quotation. It 18, of course, to be found in Raghuvansa, I,56. 2 Namely, the fact that the Asoka tree put forth blossoms within five days after it had been touched by her foot A sign (in women) of approaching union with the beloved .

·( 135 ) राजा-पश्याम्येनाम् । यैषा- अनतिलम्बिदुकूलनिवामिनी बहुभिराभरणै प्रतिभाति मे । उडुगणैरुदयोन्मुखचन्द्रिका हतहिमैरिव चैत्रविभावरी ॥७॥ धारिणी-( उपेत्य ) जेदु जेदु अजउत्तो। [ जयतु जयत्वार्यपुत्र । ] विदूपक -वड्ढदु भोदी । [ वर्धता भवती।] परिव्राजिका-विजयता देव । राजा-भगवति । अभिवादये। परिव्राजिका - अभिप्रेतमिद्धिरस्तु । देवी-( सस्मितम् । ) अजउत्त । एस ते अम्हेहिं तरुणीजणसहाअस्स असोमो सकेदघरो कप्पिदो। [आर्यपुत्र | एष तेऽस्माभिस्तरुणीजनसहायस्याशोका संकेतगृह कल्पित ।] । King --I see her decorated with oinaments Clothed In a short silk dress, and with scanty ornaments, she seems to me like a night in the month Chaitra, when the moon is about to iise, with the lunar mansions free from mists (7) Queen (advancing towards him) —Victory to my husband' Vzdūshaka -May your Highness be prosperous Parıvrāgikā —May the King be victorious Kang-Reverend Lady, I salute thee Parivrājikā —May you have the sucess you desire Queen (smiling) ---Husband, I have turned this Asokatree into a bower whither you may resort with the young ladies of your harem 1 occult reference to 1 Shankar Pandit observes that there is an Malavika ·( 136 ) विदूपमा-भो पाराहिमोमि । [ भो । पाराधितोऽसि । ] राजा-( सब्रीडमशोकमभित परिक्रामन् ) नायं देव्या भाजनत्व न नेय सत्काराणामीहशानामशोक । य सावज्ञो माधवश्रीनियोगे पुष्पै शंसत्यादरं त्वत्प्रयत्ने ॥८॥ विदूषक ---भो । वीसद्धो भविन तुम जोवणवदि इम पेक्ख । [ भो । विसब्धो भूत्वा त्व यौवनवतीमिमा पश्य । ] देवी-क ? [ काम् ?] विदूषक -भोदि । तवणीनासोअस्स कुसुमसोह। [ भवति । तपनीया- शोकस्य कुसुमशोभाम् । ] Vidīshaka --Come, my friend, a gieat favour has been conferred upon you King (wrth an expression of bashfulness, walking round the Asoka tree) -This Asoka-tree really deserves to be made by the Queen the object of such favours, as it showed contempt for the command of the goddess of vernal beauty, and testified its respect for your exertions by bursting into flower (8) at this Vidushaka - Come, be confident, and look biboming young---- Queen -What lady ? Vidīshaka I refer to the splendour of the golden Asoka's flowers ·( 137 ) ( सर्व उपविशन्ति) राजा-( मालविका विलोक्य, आत्मगतम् ) कष्ट खलु सनिधिवियोग. । अहं रथाङ्गनामेव प्रिया सहचरीव मे। अननुज्ञातसंपर्का धारिणी रजनीव नौ ।।।। (प्रविश्य ) कचुकी-विजयता देव । देव । अमात्यो विज्ञापयति-विदर्भविषयोपायने द्वे शिल्पकारिके मार्गपरिश्रमादलघुशरीरे इति पूर्व न प्रवेशिते । सप्रति देवोपस्थान- योग्ये सवृत्ते । तदाज्ञा देवो दातुमर्हतीति । राजा-प्रवेशय ते । All sit down King (looking at Mālavikā, to himself) --Alas! I am at present separated though near I am like the bird named Chakravāka, my dear one is like its mate , Dhāiini, who does not permit our union, is like the night* (9) Enter Chamberlain Chamberlain --Victory to the King! The Minister send word by me that in that present sent from the country of Vidarbha were included two accomplished maidens, who were not introduced at first because they represented themselves to be fatigued with the journey At present they are in a fit state to appear before the King , may he, therefore, be pleased to issue an order upon the subject. King --Introduce them The bird is the . 1 Literally, part of a chariot, te, chakra, wheel Anas Casarea, commonly called Brahmany Duck 2 During which these birds remain apart.

·( 138 )
कंचुकी-यदाज्ञापयति देव । ( इति निष्क्रम्य ताभ्या सह प्रविश्य ) इत
इतो भवत्यौ।
प्रथमा-(जनान्तिकम् ) हला मदरिणए । अपुव्व वि इमं रामउल पविसतीए
पसीददि मे हिन। [ सखि मदनिके | अपूर्वमपीदं राजकुल प्रविशन्त्या प्रसीदति
मे हृदयम् ।]
द्वितीया-जोसिणीए । अस्थि खु लोअप्पादो-प्रामामि सुह दुक्खं वा
हिअनसमवत्था क्हेदि ति। [ज्योस्निके । अस्ति खलु लोकप्रवाद -आगामि
सुख दुख वा हृदयसमवस्था कथयतीति।]
प्रथमा-सो सच्चो दारिण होदु । [ स सत्य इदानी भवतु । ]
कंचुकी-एष देव्या सह देवस्तिष्ठति । उपमर्पता भवत्यौ ।
Chamberlain --As the King commands ( (He goes out
and returns with them) This way, this way, young ladies
First Marden (aside) --Ah Rajanikā! My inner self
rejoices on entering this splendid court
Second Marden - Jyotsnikā! I have exactly the same
feeling You know well that there is a proverbial saying
to the effect that the state of the heart foretells approaching
joy or sorrow
First Marden -I hope we may find it tiue on the present
occasion
Chamberlain —Here stands
stands the King with Queen.
Advance ladies

·( 139)
उभे उपसपंत )
( मालविका परिव्राजिका च चेन्चौ विलोक्य परस्परमवलोकयत )
उभे-(प्रणिपत्य ) जेदु जेदु भट्टा। जेदु जेदु भट्टिणी। [ जयतु जयतु
भर्ता । जयतु जयतु भट्टिनी।]
( उभे राजाज्ञया उपविष्टे)
राजा-कस्या कलायामभिविनीते भवत्यौ ?
उभे-भट्टा । सगीदए अभतरे म्ह। [ भतं । सगीतकेऽभ्यन्तरे स्व.।]
राजा-देवि | गृह्यतामनयोरन्यतरा ।
देवी-मालविए । इदो पेक्ख कदरा दे सगीदसहमारिणी रुचदि ?
मालविके । इतः पश्य । कतरा ते सगीतसहकारिणी रोचते ? ]
Both advance
Mālavikā and the Parzvrājrkā, seeing these two attendants,
interchange glances
Both the Mardens (prostrating themselves) - Victory to the
King | Victory to the queen |
King-Welcome to you | Sit down here
Both sit down
King - Ladies, to what accomplishment do you devote
youiselves ?1
Both
We are well versed in music
King - Qucen, take one of these ladies
Queen - Mālavıkā, look this way! Which would you
like to have to accompany you in singing ?
The reading abhinzvite means--in what accomplishment are you
trained ?

·( 140) उभे-(मालविका दृष्ट्वा ) अम्हो भट्टदारिया । जेदु जेदु भट्टदारिया। [अहो भर्तृदारिका। जयतु जयतु भर्तृदारिका।] ( इति प्रणम्य तया सह बाष्प विसृजत ) ( सर्वे सविस्मयमवलोकयन्ति) राजा-के भवत्यौ ? का वेयम् ? उभे - भट्टा , एसा अम्हाणं भट्टदारिया । [ भतं । एषास्माक भर्तृदारिका।] राजा-कथमिव? उभे- सुणादु भट्टा! जो सो भट्टिणा विजप्रदडेहि विदब्भरणाह वसीकरिअ बंधरणादो मोइनो कुमारो माहवसेणो णाम, तस्स इग्नं करणीप्रसी भइणी माल- विना णाम । [शृणोतु भर्ता । य स भ; विजयदण्डैविदर्भनाथ वशीकृत्य बन्धना- स्मोचित कुमारो माधवसेनो नाम, तस्येय कनीयसी भगिनी मालविका नाम । ] देवी- कह रामदारिया इन? चदण खु मए पादुप्रोवनोएण दूसिदं। [कथ राजदारिकेयम् ? चन्दन खलु मया पादुकोपयोगेन दूषितम् । ] Both (looking at Mālavrkā) -Ah! The Princess' (They prostrate themselves and weep with her ) All look on bewildered King - Why, who are you, and who is this lady ? Both-King, this is oui Puincess Kang -What do you mean ? Both-Listen King ! This is Malavikā, the younger sister of the Prince Mādhayasena, who was rescued from prison by you, having subdued with your victorious armies the King of Vidarbha Queen --Alas! So she is a Princess I have in fact béen defiling sandal-wood by having it made into shoes ? 1 Paduka padesena, the reading of Taranatha's edition, means literally "on the pretence that it was a slipper ·( 141 ) राजा-प्रथात्रभवती कथमित्थभूता ? मालविका- (निश्वम्यात्मगत ) विहिणियोएण। [ विविनियोगेन । द्वितीया-सुणादु भट्टा। दामादवसगदे अम्हाणं भट्टदारए माहवमेणे तस्स अमचेरण प्रजमुमदिणा अम्हारिम परिश्रण उभिअ गूढ अवरणादा एसा । [शृणोतु भर्ता । दायादवशगते भद्देदारके माधवसेने तस्यामान्येनार्यसुमतिनास्मादृश परिजन- मुज्झित्वा गूढमपनीतेपा।] राजा-श्रुतपूर्व मयैतावत् । ततस्तत ? द्वितीया--भट्टा ! अदो वर ण जाणीमो । [ भर्न । प्रत पर न जानीम ।] परिव्राजिम-तत परमह मन्दभागिनी कथयिष्यामि । उभे- भट्टदारिए । अजकोसिईए विप्र सरसजोनो। ण सा एव । [ भतु- दारिके । आर्यकौशिक्या इव स्वरसयोग । ननु सैव।] King - Then how was the lady reduced to her piesent state? Mālavikā -(Sughing, to herself) By the appointment of destiny Second Marden - Let the King listen When our Prince Mādhavasenà came into the power of his kinsman, this lady was Secretly carried off by his Minister the noble Sumati, attendants like us being left behind King --I have heard th s before What happened next? We do not know what Both - This is all we can tell happened afterwards Parıvragikā - What happened afterwards, I, wretched woman that I am, will now relate Both - Pincess! The voice which we hear seems to be that of the noble Kausıkı

·( 142)
मालविका-अह । [अथ किम् । ]
उभे-जदिवेसधारिणी अजकोमिई दुक्खेण विभावीअदि । भप्रवदि । णमो
दे। [ यतिवेषवारिण्यार्यकौशिकी दुखेन विभाव्यते । भगवति । नमस्ते । ]
परित्राजिझा-स्वस्ति भवतीभ्याम् ।
राजा-कथम् प्राप्तवर्गोऽयं भगवत्या ?
परिव्राजिका-एवमेतत् ।
विदूपक -तेरण हि कहेदु भप्रवदी अत्तहोदीए वुत्ततावसेस । [ तेन हि
कथयतु भगवत्यत्रभवत्या वृत्तान्तावशेषम् ।।
परिव्राजिका--( सवैलव्यम् ) तावच्छ्रयताम् । माधवमेनसचिव ममाग्रज
सुमतिमवगच्छ ।
राजा-उपलक्षित । ततस्तत ?
Malavzkā -It is indeed she
Both -It is difficult to distinguish the noble Kausıkı
in the dress of an ascetic We two salute the revered lady
The Par zrājikā -Happiuess to you both
King -What! Are these friends of yours ?
Parivrājikā -Certainly
the
rest of
Vrdūshaka Then immediately tell us
Māiavikā's adventures
Parivrājikā --(With emotion ) Listen then Know that
Madhavasena's Minister Sumatı was my elder brother
Kang-We understand Pray proceed.

·( 143 ) परिव्राजिका- स इमा तथागतभ्रातृका मया सार्वमपवाह्य भवत्सबन्धापेक्षया पथिकसाथ विदिशागामिनमनुप्रविष्ट । राजा-ततस्तत ? | परिव्राजिकास चाटव्यन्तरे निविष्टो गताध्वा वरिणगरगोऽध्वश्रमातों विश्रमितुम् । राजा-ततस्तत ? परिव्राजिका-तत किंचान्यत् । तूणीरपट्टपरिणद्धमुजान्तराल- मावणेलम्पिशिखिबहकलापधारि । कोदण्डपाणि निनदत्प्रतिरोधकाना मापातदुष्प्रसहमाविरभूदनीकम् ।।१०।। Parivi āzika --He cairied off together with me this lady, whose biother was reduced to such a condition, and, with the intention of marrying her to your Highness, associated himself with a carayan that was going to the Vidića? country Kang -And then ? Parivrājekā ---And at the end of a day's journey those merchants, being exhausted with the toil of the march, encamped in a foi est to rest King - What next? Pariviājika — Then there appeared, striking teiror by its first onset, a yelling host of brigands, whose breasts were crossed by the quiver-strap, wearing plumes of the tail-feathers of peacocks, that hung down to their ears,* bow in hand (10) 1 The country in which Vıdıśa was a city Tārānātha reads Vidasa-gamanam, a e, going to Vidisa. 2 Tārānātha reads āpārshnılambi, hanging down to their heels.

·( 144 ) ( मालविका भय रूपयति) विदृषक -भोदि ! मा भग्राहि । अदिक्कत खु तत्तहोदी कहेदि। [ भवति । मा बिभेहि । अतिक्रान्त खलु तत्रभवती कथयति । ] राजा-ततस्तत ? परिव्राजिका-ततो मुहूतं बद्धायुधास्ते पराङ्मुखीभूता. सार्थवाहयोद्धार- स्तस्करै । राजा-हन्त, अत पर कष्टतर श्रोतव्यम् । परिव्राजिका-तत स मत्सोदर्य इमां परीप्सुर्दुर्जाते पराभिभवकातराम् । भर्तृप्रिय प्रियैर्भर्तुरानृण्यमसुभिर्गत ॥११॥ Mālavikā shows signs of fuar Vidushaku – Do not be afraid, the Reverend Lady is speaking of something that is past and gone Kang -Then what happened ? ? Parivrājikā -Then those warriors who had been engaged by the leader of the caravar, after joining battle for a moment with the robbers, were put to fight by them King –Reverend Lady, the sequel which we have now to hear is I know, tragic Parivräyrkā --Then that brother of mine, endeavouring to rescue in calamity this lady, who was terrified at the onslaught of the enemy,-my brother, I say, who was so devoted to his lord, paid with his dear life his debt to his lord (11) 1 Tārānātha gives mugdhayodhārah, worthless warriors, and baddhāyudhah, having taken up arms, in brackets, as an alternative reading. .

·( 145 )
प्रथमा-हा, हदो सुमदी। [ अहो, हत. सुमति ।]
द्वितीया-प्रदो खु इन भट्टदारिपाए समवत्था संवृत्ता। [अत खल्वियं
भर्तृदारिकाया. समवस्था सवृत्ता।]
( परिवाजिका बाष्प विसृजति ।)
राजा-भगवति । तनुभृतामीदृशी लोकयात्रा। न शोच्यस्तत्रभवान्सफली.
कृतभर्तृपिण्ड । ततस्ततः?
परिव्राजिका-ततोऽह मोहमुपगता यावत्सज्ञा लभे तावदिय दुर्लभदर्शना
सवृत्ता।
राजा-महत्खलु कृच्छमनूभूत भगवत्या ।'
First Marden --Alas! Sumatı has been killed
Second Marden That is, of course, the cause why this
condition has befallen the Princess
The Parzvrāgikā sheds tears
King - This is the lot of mortals in this transient life
You must not lament for your brother, who shewed that he
had not eaten his master's salt to no purpose
2
Parıvrāzrkā-Then I fainted, and by the timc I had
recovered consciousness this lady was out of sight
King ---Terrible are the sufferings which this revered. •
lady has had to undergo.
1
For tanubhritām, Tarānātha reads tanutyagam, "of brave men »
2 Literally, who made the food that his master had given him
bear fruit.
10

·( 146) परिव्राजिका-- ततो भ्रातु. शरीरमग्निसात्कृत्वा पुनर्नवीकृतवैधव्यदु खया मया त्वदीय देशमवतीर्य इमे काषाये गृहीते । राजा-युक्त सजनस्यैष पन्था । ततस्तत ? परित्राजिका-तत इयमाटविकेभ्यो वीरसेन वीरसेनाच देवी गता। देवी- गृहे लब्धप्रवेशया मया चानन्तर दृष्टेत्यतदवसान कथाया. । मालविका-किं णु खु सपद भट्टा भणादि ? [ किं नु खलु साप्रत भर्ता भरगति ?]] राजा-अहो परिभवोपहारिणो विनिपाता.। कुत. ? प्रेष्यभावेन नामेयं देवीशब्दक्षमा सती। स्नानीयवस्त्रक्रियया पत्रोण वोपयुज्यते ॥१२॥ Parıvrăjekā -Then I burned the body of my brother, and as the sorrow of my widowhood was renewed, I came into your country and assumed these two red garments 1 King ---This way of life is a suitable one for pious people What happened next? Parzvrăjikā --Then this lady came from the power of thc foresters into that of Vīrasena, and was sent by Vīrasena to the Queen, and so was again seen by me wheu I obtained admission into the Queen's palace This is the end of my tale Malavika (to herself)-I wonder what the King will say now Kang-Alas | calamities bring humiliation For this lady having a right to the title of Queen has been treated like a slave, which is much the same as if one were to use a garment of woven silk for the purpose af a bathing-cloth (12) 1. The dress of a wandering Buddhist mendicant So the Buddhist mendicant in the 8th Act of the Mrichchhakati is represented as clothed in a red garment (P 241, Calcutta edition) The colour is really a yellowish brown, as Shankar Pandit points out, .

·( 147 ) । धारिणी -भप्रवदि । तुए अभिजणवदि मालविणं प्रणाचक्खंतीए असपद किद। [भगवति । त्वयाभिजनवती मालविकामनाचक्षाणयाऽसाप्रतं कृतम् । परिव्राजिका-शान्तं पापम् । केनचन कारणेन खलु मया नैभृत्यमव. लम्बितम् । देवी-किं विन त कारण ? [ किमिव तत्कारणम् ? ] परिव्राजिका-श्रूयताम् , झ्यं पितरि जीवति केनापि देवयात्रागतेन सिद्धा. देशकेन साधुना मत्समक्ष समादिष्टा–पासवत्सरमात्रमिय प्रेष्यभावमनुभूय तत. Dhārıni - Reverend Lady! You did wrong in not telling me that Māla vikā was of noble buith Par wrākā —Heaven forefend l I had a good reason for adopting concealment? Dhārırız What was that reasen Pårivrājikā - This lady, while her father was still alive, was told in my presence by a certain infallible divine person, who had assumed a mortal form', that she would have to endure for one year only the position of a slave, and would then obtain a husband of equal, rank I The Queen's speech is of evil omen, as implying that the issue of the whole matter would be unfortunate 2. Tarānātha reads nxirghrinyam., pitilessness, cruelty, (grausamkeit, Weber) ) Narbhrityam is given by Monier Williams as "modesty," "humility" But it ought also to mean "concealment." 3 Shankar Pandit, whose translation I have here followed, remarks that “a Sadhu is one who by holy works and abstinence from all worldly concerns has acquired supernatural powers--one in short, who is a divine person Persons like Kabıra, Ramadāsa, Tukārāma, and others of more. modern ages are popularly called Sadhus » 4 Tarānātha reads devayātrāgatena śrvādesakena sādhuma, by a fortune. telling ascetic who had come to an idol procession, Shankar Pandit ex plains lokayatra as "the fair or show of this life," ·( 148 ) सदृशभर्तृगामिनी भविष्यतीति । तदेवभाविनमादेशमस्यास्त्वत्पादशुश्रूषया परिण- मन्तमवेक्ष्य कालप्रतीक्षया मया साधु कृतमिति पश्यामि । राजा-युक्ता प्रतीक्षा। कचुकी-देव । कथान्तरेणान्तरितम् । अमात्यो विज्ञापयति-विदर्भगा मनुष्ठेयमनुष्ठितमभूत् । देवस्य तावदभिप्रेतं श्रोतुमिच्छामीति । राजा-मौद्गल्य । तत्रभवतोर्यज्ञसेनमाधवसेनयोर्द्वराज्यमिदानीमवस्थापयितुका- मोऽस्मि । तौ पृथग्वरदाकूले शिष्टामुत्तरदक्षिणे। नक्तदिवं विभज्योभी शीतोष्णकिरणाविव ।।१३।। कचुकी-देव । एवममात्यपरिषदे निवेदयामि । Seeing that that sure prophecy with respect to her was being fulfilled by her continuing in your service, I waited for the appointed time, and I believe I acted rightly I King ---You did right to wait patiently Enter Chamberlarn J " Chamberlaon.--King | The Minister sends the following message, which I was prevented from delivering before by another matter arising, "We have considered what ought to be done with reference to Vidarbha, I should like now to hear the King's opinion King --Maudgalya, I wish to establish the two cousins Yajnasena and Mādha vasena as joint rulers, let them rule separate divisions, the north ands outh banks of the Varadā, as the moon and sun' between them rule the night and day (13) Chamberlaen ----King ! I will announce this decision to the Council of Ministers 1 Bollensen explains upeksha, as respect for the counsel of the seer 2 “The cold rayed one and the warm-rayed one" is a more literal translation, 4- ·( 149) ( राजाड्युल्यानुमन्यते ) ( निष्क्रान्त. कञ्चुकी) प्रथमा-( जनान्तिकम् ) भट्टदारिए । दिट्ठिमा भट्टिणा भट्टदारप्रो प्रद्धरजे पदिटुं गमिस्सदि। [ भर्तृदारिके ! दिष्ट्या भर्ता भर्तृदारकोऽधराज्ये प्रतिष्ठा गमयिष्यते। मालविका - इद दाव बहु मतव्वं, ज जीविदसंसआदो मुत्तो। [ एतत्तावद् बहु मन्तव्यम् , यजीवितसशयान्मुक्तः।] (प्रविश्य ) कचुकी-विजयता देव । देव । अमात्यो विज्ञापयति- कल्याणी देवस्य बुद्धि । मन्त्रिपरिषदोऽप्येवमेव दर्शनम् । कुत. द्विधा विभक्ता श्रियमुद्वहन्तौ धुरं रथाश्वाविव संग्रहीतुः । तौ स्थास्यतस्ते नृपती निदेशे परस्परावग्रहनिर्विकारौ ॥१४॥ ? The King expresses his consent by a movement of his finger [E.cit Chamberlain con- First Marden (asrde to Malavikā) Princess, I gratulate you on the fact that the Prince will be established in half of the kingdom Mālavikā.-I ought to think it a great matter that he has been rescued from mortal peril Enter Chamberlain. Chamberlain --Victory to the King! The Minister sends this message to his Sovereiga The King's idea is most happy This is also the view of the Ministers Those two kings, upbearing the fortune of their superior lord divided between them, as the horses , upbear the yoke of the charioteer, will remain firm in their allegiance to thee, mot being distracted by mutual attacks (14) . 1 Tāränātha reads to mi pate nidera in allegiance to thee, oh King' ·( 150 ) राजा-तेन हि मन्त्रिपरिषद ब्रूहि-सेनान्ये वीरसेनाय लेख्यतामेवं क्रिय- तामिति । कञ्चुकीयदाज्ञापयति देव । ( इति निष्क्रम्य, सप्राभृतकं लेख गृहीत्वा पुन प्रविष्टः ) अनुष्ठिता प्रभोराज्ञा । अयं पुनरिदानी देवस्य सेनापते पुष्पमित्रस्य सकाशात्सप्राभृतको लेख प्राप्त । प्रत्यक्षीकरोत्वेन देव । ( राजोत्थाय सप्राभृतक लेख सोपचार गृहीत्वा परिजनायार्पयति ) ( परिजनो लेख नाट्वेनोद्घाटयति ।) देवी-( आत्मगतम् ) अम्हो | तदोमुह एव्व णो हिअनं। सुरिणस्स दाव गुरुअरणस्स कुसलाणतरं वसुमित्तस्स वुत्तंत। अदिघोरे खु पुत्तो सेणावदिणा रिणउत्तो [ अहो । ततोमुखमेव नो हृदयम् । श्रोष्यामि तावद्गुरुजनस्य कुशलानन्तरं वसुमित्रस्य वृत्तान्तम् । प्रतिघोरे खलु पुत्रक सेनापतिना नियुक्त । King -Tell the Council then to send the General Vīrasena written instructions to this effect Chamberlain - I will do so (Exit Chamberlain He enters again with a letter accompanied bg a present ) The King's order has been performed But this letter has just arrived from the Commander-in-Chief, King Pushpamitra, together with a present ? Let the King look at it The King quickly advancing puts the present in a respectful manner upon his head, and hands it to the attendants, and then pretends to open the letter Queen -Ab' my heart is fixed on the contents of that letter, I shall hear, after news of the health of my father in law, how Vasumitra has been going on, The Commander-in-Chief has appoinied my son to an office of trust? Tārānātha reads sottarīyaprabhrıtako, together with the present of a cloak, 2 Tarānātha reads atıbhare, too difficult a duty ·(151) राजा-( उपविश्य लेख सोपचार गृहीत्वा वाचयति) स्वस्ति यज्ञशरणात् सेनापति. पुष्पमित्रो वैदिशस्थं पुत्रमायुष्मन्तमग्निमित्रं स्नेहात्परिष्वज्येदमनुदर्श- यति । विदितमस्तु - योऽसौ राजयज्ञदीक्षितेन मया राजपुत्रशतपरिवृत्त वसुमित्रं गोप्तारमादिश्य सवत्सरोपावर्तनीयो निरर्गलस्तुरंगो विसृष्ट , स सिन्धोदक्षिणरोधति चरन्नश्वानीकेन यवनाना प्रार्थित । तत उभयो. सेनयोमहानासीत्समदं । ( देवी विषाद नाटयति) राजा-कथमीदृश संवृतम् ? (शेषं पुनर्वाचयति) तत' परान्पराजित्य वसुमित्रेण धन्विना । प्रसह्य ह्रियमाणो मे वाजिराजो निवर्तित ॥१५॥ देवी-इमिणा प्राससिदं मे हिप्रमं । [अनेनाश्वस्त मे हृदयम् । ] King (sitting down proceeds to read) - May it be well with thee From the sacrificial enclosure the Commander-in- Chief Pushpamitra sends this message to his son Agnimitra, who is in the territory of Vidiśā, affectionately embracing him Be it known unto thee that I, having been consecrated for the Rājasūya sacrifice, let loose free from all check or cuib a horse which was to be brought back after a year, appointing Vasumitra as its defendei, girt with a guard of a hundred Rā pūts This very horse wandering on the right bank of the Indus was claimed by a cavalry squadron of the Yavanas Then there was a fierce struggle between the two hosts ( (The Queen exhibits signs of despondency), King What' did such an encounter actually take place ? (he proceeds to read the rest) Then Vasumitra, the mighty bowman, having overcome his foes, rescued my excellent horse, which they were endeavouring to carry off by force (15) Queen --Now my heart has a weight lifted off it, ·( 152 ) राजा-( शेषं पुनर्वाचयति ) सोऽहमिदानीमशुमता सागरपुत्रेणेव प्रत्या- हताश्वो यक्ष्ये । तदिदानीमकालहीन विगतरोषचेतसा भवता वधूजनेन सह यज्ञ- सेवनायागन्तव्यमिति । राजा-अनुगृहीतोऽस्मि । परिव्राजिका-दिष्ट्या पुत्रविजयेन दम्पती वर्धते । । भासि वीरपत्नीनां श्लाघ्यानां स्थ्पपिता धुरि। वीरसूरिति शब्दोऽयं तनयात्त्वामुपस्थित ॥१६॥ धारिणी-भोदि । परितुम्हि जं पितरं अणुजादो मे वच्छयो। [भगवति ! परितुष्टास्मि यत्पितरमनुजातो मे वत्सक ।] राजा-मौद्गल्य । ननु कलभेन यूथपतेरनुकृतम् । King (reading the rest of the letter) —Accordingly, I will now sacrifice, having had my horse biought back to me by my grand-son even as Amśumat brought back the house to Sagara Therefore, you must dismiss anger from your mind, and without delay come with my daughters-in-law to behold the sacrifice Pasid LVI Zjrkā --I congratulate the royal couple on being exalted by the triumph of their son looking towards the Queen) By your husband you have been placed at the head of famous wives of heroes, but this title of mother of heroes has come to you from your son (16) Queen -Lady, I am pleased that the son takes after his father Cur King --Maudgalya, indeed the young elephant has imitated the lord of the herd ·( 153 ) कंचुकी-देव अय कुमार नैतावता वीरविजृम्भितेन चित्तस्य नो विस्मयमादधाति । यस्याप्रधृष्य. प्रभवस्त्वमुच्चै- रग्नेरपा दग्धुरिवोरुजन्मा ॥१७॥ राजा-मौदगल्य ! यज्ञसेनश्यालमूरीकृत्य मोच्यन्ता सर्वे बन्धनस्थाः । कचुकी-यदाज्ञापयति देव । ( इति निष्क्रान्त ) देवी-जयसेणे । गच्छ। इरावदिप्पमुहाणं अंतेउराणं पुत्तस्स विभअवुत्ततं रिणवेदेहि । [ जयसेने । गच्छ । इरावतीप्रमुखेभ्योऽन्त पुरेभ्य पुत्रस्य विजयवृत्तान्तं निवेदय । This piince Chamberlain -Sır Not even by such à display of valour does he produce astonishment in oui minds, whose lofty iriesistible origin thou ait, as Aurval is of the fire that consumes water (17) King -Maudgalya, let all the piisoners in my dominichs be set at liberty beginning with the biother-in-law of Yajnasena. Chamberlain ---As the King commands Queen -Jayasena, go and inform Iravati and the other ladies of the harem of my son's victory 1 The name is thus explained by Monier Williams in his Dictionary The sons of Kiitavırya, wishing to destroy the descendants of Bhrigu, in order to recover the wealth left them by their father, slew even the children in the womb One of the women of the family of Bhrigu in order to preserve her embryo, secreted it in her thigh (ru), whence the child at its birth was called Aurva, on beholding whom the sons of Kiitavīrya were struck with blindness and from whose wrath proceeded a flame that thrcatcncd to destroy the world, had not Aurva, at the persuasion of the Bhai gavas, cast it into the occan, where it remained concealed, and having the face of horse ·( 154) प्रतीहारी-वह । [ तथा ] (प्रतीहारी प्रस्थिता) धारिणी-एहि दाव। एहि तावत् । ] प्रतीहारी–(प्रतिनिवृत्य ) इन म्हि । [ इयमस्मि । ] धारिणी-( जनान्तिकम् ) ज मए असोअदोहलएरिणोएं मालविनाए पइण्णाद, त से अहिजणं च रिणवेदिन मह वप्रणेण इरावदि अणुणेहि । तुए प्रह सच्चादो ण अब्भसिदव्वे ति। [ यन्मयाशोकदोहदनियोगे मालविकायै प्रतिज्ञातम्, तदस्या अभिजन च निवेद्य मम वचनेनेरावतीमनुनय । त्वयाहं सत्यान्न विमृश- यितव्येति।] प्रतीहारी-ज देवी पाणवेदि। ( इति निष्क्रम्य, पुन प्रविश्य ) भट्टिरिण । पुत्तविजपरिणमित्तेण परितोसेण अतेउराण आहरणाण मजूसम्हि सवुत्ता । [ यद्देव्याज्ञापयति । भाट्टनि । पुत्रविजयनिमित्तेन परितोषेणान्त पुराणामाभरणाना मज्जूषास्मि सवृत्ता।] देवी-कि एत्थ अचरित्रं ? साहारणो खु ताण मह अ अनं अब्भुदयो ! [किमत्राश्चर्यम् ? साधारण खलु तासा मम चायमभ्युदय T] Female Door -Peeeper -I will do so (She sets off) Queen - Come here a moment Female Door-keeper (returning) —Here I am Queen (aside) - Tell Itāvatı from me what I piomised Mālavikū when I appointed her to perform the ceremony of fertilizing the Asoka, and her birth also, and obtain her consent by reminding her that she must not cause me to deviate from truth Female Door-keeper - I will do so (she goes out, and again returns) Queen, I have become the casket that holds the jewels of the ladies of the harem, owing to their giving me presents in honour of the victory of your son Queen -What is there astonishing in that? Of course this trænmph is theirs as much as mine 1 Literally, common to them and me 1 ·155 प्रतीहारी-( जनान्तिकम् । ) भट्टिरिण ! इरावदी उण विएणवेदि-सरिस देवीए पहवंतीए । तुह वरण संकप्पिद रण जुजदि अण्णहा कादु त्ति । [भट्टिनि । इरावती पुनर्विज्ञापयति -सदृश देव्या प्रभवन्त्या । तव वचन सकल्पित न युज्यतेऽ- न्यथाकर्तुमिति ।] धारिणी भगवदि । तुए अणुराणादा इच्छामि अजसुमदिणा पढमसंकप्पिदं मालविश्र अजउत्तस्स पडिवादेहूँ। [ भगवति । त्वयानुज्ञातेच्छाम्यायंसुमतिना प्रथम- सकल्पिता मालविकामार्यपुत्राय प्रतिपादयितुम् । ] परिव्राजिका-इदानीमपि त्वमेवास्या प्रभवसि । धारिणी-( मालविका हस्ते गृहीत्वा ) इद अजउत्तो पिप्रणिवेदणाणुरूवं पारितोसिम पडिच्छदु त्ति। [ इदमार्यपुत्र प्रियनिवेदनानुरूपं पारितोषिक प्रतीच्छ- त्विति ।] ( राजा ब्रीडा नाटयति) देवी-( सस्मितम् ) कि मं अवधीरेदि अजउत्तो ? किमवधीरयति मामार्य- पुत्र. ?] Female Door ker per (aside) -Moreover, Irāvati says You are all powerful, and your proposal is right It is not proper to alter what has been alieady arianged " Queen - Reverend Lady, I desire with youi pei mission to bestow Mālavikā on my husband, for whom she was originally destined by the noble Sumatı Parzviājikā --Now too, as before, you have full power over her Queen (taking Mālavikā hy the hand) - Let my husband receive the Lady Mālavıkā as a - fitting reward for the good tidings he has given me 1 The King a cmarns silent and ubashed Queen (smaling)-Come, why does my husband despise mc ? 1 ze, of my son's success ·( 156 ) विदूषक.-भोदि । एसो लोअव्ववहारो-सव्वो णववरो लजादुरो होदि ति । [ भवति । एष लोकव्यवहार -सर्वो नववरो लजातुरो भवतीति । ] ( राजा विदूषकमवेक्षते) विदूषक -अहवा देवीए एव्व किदप्पणप्रविसेस दिएरणदेवीसदं मालविनं अत्तभव पडिग्गहीदु इच्छदि। [अथवा देव्यैव कृतप्रणयविशेषा दत्तदेवीशब्दा मालविकामत्रभवान्प्रतिग्रहीतुमिच्छति । ] देवी-एदाए राप्रदारिपाए अहिजरणेण एव्व दिएणो देवीसहो, कि पुण- रुत्तेण ? [ एतस्या राजदारिकाया अभिजनेनैव दत्तो देवीशब्द , किं पुनरुक्तेन ?] परिव्राजिका- मा मैवम्, अप्याकरसमुत्पन्नो रत्नजातिपुरस्कृत । जातरूपेण कल्याणि । मणि संयोगमर्हति ॥१८॥ Vzdūshaka -Lady, it is quite in accordance with the custom of the world that a new bridegioon should be bashful (The King looks at the Vidūshaka 012 iather the King wishes his royal consort to bestow the title of Queen on Mālavikā by way of showing her special honour before he receives her Queen -As she is a Princess, the title of Queen becomes hers by birth, then what is the use of repetition ? Paruvrājakā —Say not so, for even though spi ung from a mine, jewels are not worthy, O noble one, until polished, of union with gold' (18) 1 Tärānātha's reading means your Highness ought to receive Malavikā to whom the Queen (Dhārını) gives the title of Queen, treating her as an equal 2 Taranatha reads-- Asmakamutsavamanır manız atıpuraskritah "Jatarupena kalyānı tarha sam yogam ar hatı, our prized jewel, though glorious by the mere fact of its being a jewel, neverth Cless requires to be set in gold He explains that the jewel means Mālavıkā, and the gold Agnimitra.

·( 157 ) । देवी-( स्मृत्वा ) मरिसेदु भअवदी। अन्भुदयकहाए ऊइदं ण लक्खिद । जप्रसेणे । गच्छ दाव । कोलेअपत्तोरणजुअल उवणेहि । [ मर्षयतु भगवती । अभ्युदयकथयोचित न लक्षितम् । जयमेने । गच्छ तावत् । कौशेयपत्रोर्णयुगल- मुपनय ।] प्रतीहारी–ज देवी आणवेदि । ( इति निष्क्रम्य, पत्रोणं गृहीत्वा पुन. प्रविश्य ) देवी । एदं । [ यद्देव्याज्ञापयति । देवि एतत् । ] देवी-( मालविकामवगुएठनवती कृत्वा ) प्रज्जउत्तो दारिण इम पडिच्छतु । [प्रार्यपुत्र इदानीमिमा प्रतीच्छतु ।] राजा-विच्छासनात्प्रवृत्ता एव वयम् । परिव्राजिका- हन्त, प्रतिगृहीता। विदूषकः- अहो, देवीए प्ररणुऊलदा। [अहो, देव्या अनुकूलता।] Queen --Forgive me, Reverend Lady my mind was full of the good news my son's success so I neglected to show Mālavikā the respect due to her high bith Jayasenā, , quickly go and bring a silken veil for her Female Door keeper (going out and re-entering with a sulken verl in her hand).- Queen, here it is Queen (rtvesting Malavikā with a verl) -Let my husband now receive her me without the Kang-Queen, your order leaves power of making a reply 1 Parivrārkā -Ha ! She is received as a wife Vedizshala ---Dear me, how indulgent the Queen Is towards you, Sir 18, I am obliged to obey at once , Taranatha reads tvachhasanam pratyanurāktā vayam (â pavārya) hanta pratigi uhitam We are eager to obey pur order (Aside) Ah! I consented to take her before you gave her. od danāt prūg eva svikrtam is his paraphrase).