·Contents:
Pages
iii to v
Foroword
vi
Preface
Introduction
1 to 29
0 to 46
Text
47 to 83
Notes
1 to 24
Translation

·ly to the first century A. D. who was the writer of the Raghara Charita and the later one belonging to the 7th centnry who was the writer of the Paumachariya. The line of argument would even enable a critic to establish two Kalidasas the earlier one as a writer of some imaginary work designated Nao and the later one as a writer of the famous Abhijainas'ıkuntala. Theories about two writers of the same name require to be based upon two separate works of similar names being actually available with differences in stylc, expression and method. 3. The occurrence of words like Dintra Surung.i and the like which anticipate the influence of the Greek and the Roman civilization on India, can at the most inake us disinclined to put a writer (who uses these words) before tho beginning of the Christian era. . The astronomical data found in the book are very inaccurate and if they are taken as genuine they would be a proof of the ridiculously poor knowledge of astronomy on the part of the author 11 lio has felt no hesitation in placing Venus and Mercury at a distance of more than 609 and ·V 120" from the Siin. "Tho descriptions of tlio seasons, water sports, holls, and amorous gestures have been moro or less conren. tional ones, orer sinco the time of the carliest Indian epics, and similarity of thought and expression in this matter can nerer be a criterion for the fixing of the dates of any tiro writers whose writings show much resemblance in those matters. 4. TH10 work, can be said to be old enough on the strength of tlio language, tło grammatical forms and the metres, Tho peculiar Giti rarieties and ono or tiro old motres which are gorerned by 31stras and not by Ganas show that the trork belonge to a period immediately after the period of the Againa works. ū. Thc edition is a handy one and just zivce sufficient notes for a beginner. The tort bns ben carefully cited and the cdition would be found very useful and stimui lating for Ardha-Jogadhi Students. S'1/1931. K V. Abhyankar.

·PREFACE. The present edition is a selection, from the Paumachariya, of the popular episodes of the victory of Rama over the Mlechchhas and his marriage with Sita. The editio princeps, relied upon by me, is the one carefully read and prepared for the press by Hermann Jacobi and published at Bhavnagar. I have put forth, in the in. troduction, my own view besides various other views of different scholars, regarding tho date of the work It is a fruitful and stimulating uncertainty. In the Notes, I have made a judicious use of the valuable sugges. tions, kindly made to me, by Muni Jivavijayaji, Diwan Bahadur Keshavlal Dhruva and Prof. K. V. Abhyankar. An attempt has been made to explain some of the technical terms from the traditional point of view. At the end of the Notes, a free translation in Eng. lish is given to facilitate the clear understanding of the text. I avail myself of this opportunity to express my feelings, of in debtedness to the aforementioned worthies for their highly valuable ggestions. I am highly indebted to Prof. K. V Abhyankar for writing a critical foreword to this edition. S. C. Upadhyaya.

·Introduction. The Authorship and Date of Pauma.' chariya-the Oldest . Estant' Epic (Jaina Vorsion of the Ramayana of Valmiki), in the Jaina-Jaharashtri Language. It is a matter of great regret that Vimalasuri is distressingly reticent. in this work regarding his parentage and pbi. losophical and literary leanings. This sort of mysterious silence on the part of many a poet' is not an uncommon feature even of the various branches of the Sanskrit Literature. There are some exceptions to this rule. Vikramankadevacharita, Shrikanthacharita, Gaudavaho, Tatrarthadhigama. sutra etc. are some of the instances to the point. The account that he has given us at the ond'of'the work, is too meagre to land us on any safe and stable ground. Vimalasuri, according to his Vidyaramsha, was the grand pupil of Rahu, and his immediate procoptor ag Vijaya. Vimalasuri bolonged to tho Nagilavamslia. The colophon describes him as Nagilaramshadinakara. A rerse in the last Parra attributos a similar opithet Nagilakularamsladigakara, to Vijaya. Hence we' ·Introduction will not be much in the wrong if we infer that Vimalasuri belonged to the same Vamsha as that of his teacher. Vijaya is referred to as a teacher of old times, in the Rayamal. labhyudaya, of Padmasundara." All the while we have to remember that Vijaya, who is referred to in some of the later works, is not the same as the one of the hoary past. We find some mention of the Nagilavamsha made in the Kalpasutra. There the Sthaviravali says that Arya Vajrasena had four pupils who started different Shakhas after their names. Pandit Lalachandraji has identified this, Nagilashakla with the Nagendragachchha, We know that this Gachchha is referred to quite honourably in Literature. Balachandra's Tika on the Vivekamanjari of Ashada, Dharmabhy. udayamahakavya, Syadavadamanjari, Shalibhacharita' etc are instances to the point. Thus it seems more than probable that Vimalasuri adorned the Nagilavarasha by his birth and he having kept up the Torch of Learning burning, in his family, aptly deserved the epithet-Nagilayainshadinakara. We now see the way in which the 1. Dr. Peterson, 3rd Report of the Operations in Search of Sanskrit M34.2 Dr. Jacobi, Jaina Sutras., S. B. E, Vol. 22 & 45, 3, Dr. Peterson, ibid.

·Introdontion - Paumachariya was traditionally preserred before Vimalasuri, (1) First of all Lord Mahavira taught this story to his pupils Indrabhuti and others. Jinavaramuháo jo attho; Tisalåsuena bhaniam; Virajinena Råmachariyam sittham pura; etc. (2) Then Indrablıuti narrated this story to his pupils. Indabhuikaliam; Akhandalabhuina kahiam; etc. (3) The story then passed on to the various Acharyas. Āyariyaparamparágayam sayvam; Bhuo sihuparamparie thiyam; etc. (4) In the time of Vimala also the story attracted the minds of others, probably his older or younger contemporaries, Viramahagayanimmarie maggo ajja vi kaikunjárána gamo otc. Naturally Vimala was also attracted by the themo of unfailing interest. Ahamari tenam chiya payatto: Vochchhami Paumachariyam; Bhanāmi sabuddhisirenam; Raiyam Vimalena; Vimalona kayam;'otc. In the text wo read that king Shronika requests often Indrabluti to continuo the nar. ration. The Roma story by its abiding interest, has improssed peoplog of all castes and crcods, in India. Tho Baddhists laro trio Dasharatha Jataka and tho Jains havo their own Ramayana. Tho Paumachariya, is & ·4. In troduction t Jaina version of the Valmiki Ramayana: But we have to note that these people have treated this story as a means to an end. They effected changes which would serve' as a means of propagation of their own religion. Vimalasuri has fully drawn upon the Valmiki Ramayana but he discards the same! as misleading its readers. The Probable Date of Vimalasuri. In the last Parva it is said that the Paumachariya was written in the year 530, after the Siddhiprapti. of Vira. The traditional.date of the Nirvanal of Mahavira is 527 B, C..Dr. Jacobi has tried to prove that it took place in the year 467 B, C.4 Prof.. K., P. Jayaswal has, in an article entitled (if. my memory serves mo right) "The Shaishu. raka and the Maurya - Chronology and the Date of the Buddha" (, contributed to the Journal, of the Bihar and Orissa . Research Society), tried to prove that it. took place in 488.B. C. Strictly following the date of Dr. Jacobi, we arrive at 63 A, D, for Vimala. Dr. Leumann considered this date to be unassailable. Dr. Winternitz has wholeheartedly supported this date." As early as in 4. Dr, Jacobi, ibid..

·Introduction tho 2nd half of the 1st contury A. D., 'to Jaina monk Vimalnsuri, recast the Rama legond in'lis Prakrit poom tho Paumacheriya."5 Nyayayyakaranatirtha Pandit Haragorinda Das in his Ocoan of Prakrit words, says that Vimalaguri wroto the Paumachariya in the 1st contury of tho Vikrama Era. Dr. Jacobi doubts the correctness of the dato giron in tlig book. " Thoir oldest Prakrit poom (perhaps of the 3rd century A. D.), tlie Paumachariya is a Jaina version of the Ramayana.?" Again tlio learned Oriontalist has in an article, entitled, .." Some Ancient Prakrit Works ( contributed to the Modern Review ), said that the Pauinachariya is the Oldest Prakrit Karya. Out of tho, two-Karyas the Padmapurana and the Paunachariya, the latter, is older than the former. It gives a verse in which the . Pla. nots, are referred to by, their Greek terms. “Therefore unless the passage which contains these, is a later addition, the book itself may be placed in the third century A. D, 5. Dr. Wiaternitz, G. I. L. Eng Tran, Vollst, G. Pan lit Karayovinda Das Paiasudda mahanjavu 7. Dr. Jacobi, E. R. E. Vol. 7th.

·6 Introduction or somewhat later." The language used there is the Jaina Maharashtri. It is written in a "Primitive Prakrit", not yet grammatically refined. It is in easy epic stylo. Hence we can safely infer that large Epic- Literature in Prakrit-popular Epic Literature was in existence before the time of Vimlasuri and the Paumachariya is only a remnant.S Dr. Keith appears to side with Dr. Jacobi wlien we find him writing as follows. "In the earliest epic in the Jaina Mahara. shtri known to us, the Paumachariya of Vimlasuri ( probably not before A, D, 300 }, we find the free use of what the Grammarians call the Deshishabdas. Again the learned Doctor in the same book but in another place, writes, “ The Paumachariya of Vimalasuri, the oldest Maharashtri (?) epic is not before A. D. 300 and may be much later." ::"10 Muni Jinavijayaji with whom I di. scussed this problem, said tliat the date given in the book can not be relied upon, He has his own doubts regarding the calculations of the various eras, and looking from the point of language he sides with Dr. Jacobi. He has frankly admitted that 8. Dr. Jacobi, Modern Roview, Dec 1914, 9. Dr. Keith, History of Sanskrit Litorature. 10, Dr. Kvith, ibid, ·Introduction thero ano no proofs known to him regarding tho priority of Vimalasuri to Basisbena,"11 Diwan Bahadur Keliasalal Harshadrai Dhruva bas raised gravo doubts about the date of the Paumachariya. Ho argues that somo Chbandas e. g.Gahini, Sharabha otc. appear to be modern, The use of Sragdhara at the end, the use of Yamnaka in Giti, tho montion of the author's name at the end of each chapter etc. hare not the halo of old and long usage, behind them. Tho Prakrit is y quito modern. 1? He goes on further arguing that as the Paumachariya resembles much the Padmapurana of Rarishena, the former is the borrower and the latter the original writer. If this were truo, the date of the Pauinachariya would fall somewhere between 600-699 of the Shaka Era, as Udyotana bag referred to both of them in the Kuralayamala Thus Vimalasuri would be before 777 A, D. Once I was fortunate enough to get an opportunity to discuss this problem personally with him. He told me that this date 530 A, V, should not be relied upon. Ho drew my attention to the fact that Vimalasuri + 11 Bloni Jinavijayaji, Jaipa-Yoga V. $ 1981.-2. 12, D, B. Prof Dhrupa. Jaina--Yuga. ibid.

·8 Introduction has mentioned more than twice the traditional preservation of the Ramadevachariya by the generations of the Sadhus that liſed after Indrabhuti. Moreover Vimalasuri has 'said that he had heard the Narayanasiri chariyaim, prior to his composing the Paumachariya. Prof. Dhruva told me that the Rahavachariya preserved by the Sadhus must have been written in 530 A. V, by a Sadhu whose name might have been Vimala. Pandit Nathurama Premi has tried to prove that Ravishena is the borrower, he having tried to Sanskritise the Prakrit poem of Vimala. As regards the date he has also Bome doubts. 1 My own view, ripened into a conviction after twice reading the whole of the Pau. machariya, and minutely studying the opinions of the aforementioned worthies, is as follows. In the end we find "Pancheva ya yasasaya dusamäe tisa vari. Basamjuttă. Vire siddhimuvagaye tao nibąddham imam chariyam," Even if one disagrees with Prof. Dhrura in his ingenious suggestion, there are still some points which force 13. Paadit Premiji, Jaiva--Yuga, ibid. 13 US ·Introduction to discard tho dato givon by Vimalasuri. In the test proper wo find tho-vord Surunga also Suranga, usod four timnos, in the senso of an undor-ground passage. Dr Koith is .of the opinion that India borrowed this - vord from the Grcek word Syrinx, aktor tho. Greok insasions. This, in his opinion, must havo occured not until after the Christian Era. Again so come across the word Dinara, Latin word Dinarins. The use of this word points definitly to a time after the Christian Era.14 It denotes a golden coin. A Dinara is ual, in Falue to 42 Karshika Panas. Dinaras were first introduced into Indía, by the Indo-Scythian kings.15 We also como across the word Mankhari in this book. Now this word has como into vogue after the rollknown Vaukhari Dynasty. The poet Vishakhadatta was favoured by these kings and Bada refers to them in the Kadambari. Bana's Royal Patron Fas in close contact with some of those kings.18 At the end of the work Vimala is said to be a Puryadhara. According to the Jaina tradition wo see in the Nandisutra + 14 Dr. Keith ibid. 15. Dr. Dahler, Dashakumaracharitam. Vol 1st. 16. Prof Fleet, Corpus Inscriptionen Indicaron Vol 3rd.

·10 Introduction that Sthulabhadra was the last Chaturdashapurvadhara. Now we have to note that the Jaina tradition does not know of the Trayodashapurvadhara or Dyadasha or Ekadasha Purvadharas. This has been made clear in the Avachuri to the Oghaniryukti. Nandisutra says that after Dahagiri and Suhastin down to Vajra, there were Dasha. purvadharas. After them the knowledge of the Purvas began to decrease. Anuyogad para speaks of the Navapurradharas. "In the time of Devarddhi only one Purva remained. 17" "According to Shantichandra on Up 6th the Ditthiyaa was entirely lost-vyuchhinna- 1000 years after Vira."18 In none of the above-quoted books we find the name of Vimalasuri. We come across the horoscope of Hanuman. The terins used there show great acquaintance with the Greek Astronomy. Dr, Jacobi holds that the Greek influence cannot be dated earlier than the 4th century A. D. Prof Fleet has supported the Date put forth by Dr. Jacobi.19 But Dr. Wintersitz is of the opinion that the solar zodiac was probably not introduced into 17. Dr. Klatt, Indian Antiquary. Vol 11, 18. Dr. Weber, Sacre] Literature of the Jaipas, + 19. Dr. Keith, ibid.

·Introduction 11 India, until tho 1st contury A. D. with tho doctrines of the Grook astronomers.90 Nov to know that it was 18 common practico with Indian writors to uso ono test word Anka in thoir works. Kirata has the word Lakshmi, Shishu has the word Shri, Naisha. dha has the prord Ananda, Dharmablyadaya has the word Jokshalakshuni, and last but not the least, Enribliadrasuri, is fond of' using tho xrord Viraha in his works. But as against, this wo havo to note that in the Pauinachariya vo find the very namo of the author used in the ending verso of cach of the chapters. This has not transpired quito fortuitously. Tho author has delibera. tely introduced the word. In doing so be has differed, rathor rorolted, from the gonoral practico. So early as tho year 1884 A. D, Dr. Peterson thought it more than probable that Vimala tlio author of the Prashnotta. ramala, the as that of the Paumachariya. He placed tho Prashnottaramala befor the Hitopadesha on the ground that a verse in the latter is merely a quota. tion while the same is in its proper place in the former. 31 This matter has already attracted the attention of tho scholars and 20 Dr. Wiaternitz, ibid. 21. Dr. Peterson, ibid, was samo ·Introduotion Weber and Harapragada Shastri have written on the same. The Prashnottaramala which is published in the Kavyamala series, ends in a verse which says that Viinala the Guru of the White-clothed, wrote that poem: Sitapata guruna Vimalena" etc. Now the varia lectio for the same verse says that king Amoghavarsha wrote that poem. Now it may be that originally Vimala might have written it and then he might have dedicated it to his royal patron. Or it might be that he might be another Vimala. Or it might be that the king himself was the author of that poem, as we find some verses credited to him in the anthologies. Now if we look to history. we see that this king flourished in 815-877 A. D.2 ? Hence, we definiteness that Vimalasuri the author of the Paumachariya must be a different person from Vimala or Amoghavarsha of the Prashnottaramala. This will be quite clear from the following facts. Sohlolars have assigned the Padmapurana to 600 year of the Shaka Era, the Kuvalayamalasto 699 and Harivamsha to 705 of the same Era,23 Now we see that Udyotana has referred to both of these + 22. Sunith, Early history of India. 23. Dr. Farquhar, Outlinag of Religious Literature of India. can say with ·Introduction 18+ authors and consequently Vimalasari can not. bo lator than 777 A: D. I haro como: accorgs a'copy of Prashnotlaramaln' plich: reads in. tho beginning "Shri Shankarananda pranita" It is'accompanied 'by a Tika' by? Ramachandrabhatta. It has only versos. Tho onding vorge of the Km Sorios is not' found hero.*+ Thest points show that wo can not accept the dato 130. A. V. as given by Vimalacuri: Now I shall marslial forth my other points of evidenco (io'fartheranco' of my attompt to provo a lato dato for the author of tho-Paumachariya.), which I laro gathered from the influence of other poots and writors on Vimalaguri: Tho Páumachariya knows the Mahabha ratá as it can be inférred from the various weapons Támasa, Agnoya, etc and otlier Vidjas. Té kno19 tho marble palaco in which the entrants could bo' deceived by the emerald flooring. It knows of the incident of Draupadi-vastraharana. More-over there is actually a referènce to the 'Mahabharata and the Ramayana. There is no doubt'as to his borrowing the main incidents from the Ramayana. It seems that he knew the اند ...! 240Prashnottaramala..published iby Gopal Narayed & Co:'

·14 Introduction We see a Manusmriti as there are some sentonces in it which appear to be quotations. He is not unacquainted with the Arthashastra of Kautilya. He knows more of the flora and fauna of India than Kautilya. Going to the Jain Sacred Canon quotation in the Paumachariya, from the Gnatadharmakathangasutra. The descriptions of the Abhisheka of Ravana are based on those in the above-quoted Aaga. The descriptions of the Hells have their originals in other Angas of the same Canon. Here I want to bring to the notice of those that aro interested in this topic that the date 530 A. V. can not be accpted by me on the following additional proof. Prof Cowell has in his introduction to the Buddhacharita, said that the description of the nightly seraglio scene ( 5; 9 11 ), in the Ramayana, is an imitation of the description in Ashvagosha's Budhacharita (5; 47). In the Ramayana it is unnecessary embellishment of later interpolater. We find the same thing in the Paumachariya and it is apparently out of place there. Again the narrative that follows the fulfilment of_the mission of Hanu. inan in the Ramayana, has been proved to an ·Introdaotion 15 reabe spurious, indisputably, by Jacobi. Ve find the same thing in the Paumachariya. Dr. Winternitz bas observed " It is propable that the Ramayana had its present extont and contents as early as towards the close of the 2nd century. A. D."25 Now when this is the case with the interpolations in the Ramayana, we cannot accept the date 530 A. V. (i. e. the year 3 A. D according to the tradition or 64 A. D. according to the Researches of Dr. Jacobi) for the Paumachariya, due to the same sons. They have got no bearing on the point, at issue in the chapters in which they occar and hence they, together with the whole, text, must be assigned to & date later than 2nd century. A. D. Then going to the dramatists and poets we find that Vimalasuri, was much influenced by them. The descriptions of the various seasons in our text have their original in the famous Cycle of Seasons. The longings of the wife of Hanuman are a faint imita. tion of the love-lorn pair in the Cloud Messenger. The Vidyadhara Kanyas - practising penances are a faint echo of the attempts of Uma to propitiate Shiva. The Svayam- 25. Dr. Yinternitz, ibid.

·18 Introdäction väras of Sita, Kaikeyi, and other's staññ dsarfed before the poetic heights achieved by Kali-* dasa in Indumatisrayamvara. The description of Sita is a feeble imitation of the famous verse "Tanvi shyma etc." The laments of the wives of Ravana, at the time of his death pale into insignificance before the touchingly pathetic laments of Rati for Cupid. The bewailing of the loss of Sita by Rama bas its predecessors in the rarings of the lovesick Pururavas and the incomparablo Ajarilapa. The Digvijaya of Lara and Kusha has its background in that of Raghu. Ashragosha also exercised great influence on Vimalasuri. In the of entry Rarana in Lanka, in that of Lara and Kusba in Saketa, and in that of the army of Rama in Lanka and the consequent morément' of the ladies, we find Vimalasuri imitating his worthy predecessory. The doscription of the amours at night has its originals in the magnum opus of 'thio court poet of Kanishkn. The sorroirs and misgiringe of Rama, for Sita, consequent to her renuncintion, aro an insipid imitation of tlio lamonts of 'Yashodhara for the sufferings of Princo, in the now life of hardshipy. In the genoral satisfaction of tho people on the marriages of Kaikeyi with Dasharatha, and ·Introduction 17 those of Mandakini and Chandramukhi 'with Lasa and Kusha rospectively, vo find a faint ocho of tho himno in tho marriago of Sundarn with Nanda. Slany incidents in the recently found Kundamela can bo casily compared with many such incidonts in tlio Paumachariya. Vimalasuri has giron beautiful description of tho amorous dalliance of the Thousandeyed King, with his sweethearts in the water. Ond is tompted to instituto & comparision betweon this on the one hand and tho famous onos in the Shishu. Kirata etc. The Janakiharana of Kumaradasa has exercised great influenco over Vimalasuri, particularly tho Sambhogavarnana and the Udyanakridavarnana, Sargas. Bana has beautifully described the return of Chandrapida from tho school, and the consequent eagerness of the fair 'ladieg thronging in the windows to feast their oyes upon the beautiful Prince. Wo see that this has boen cleverly and beautifully imitated by our Vimalasuri. The lawents of the wires of Ravana and those of Lakshmana, when he swooned, remind us of the pathetic atrains of the unfortunato love-sick Mahashveta, for Pundarika. ૨ ·18 Introduotion From all those points, what we gather is this, that Bana's date, about 620 A. D, may be the terminus a quo for the date of the Paumachariya and Udyotana's time 777 A. D., may be the terminus ad quem for Vimalasuri. He has antidated his work and callod himself a Purvadhara. Prof Dhruva has come to similar conclusion regarding the terminus ad quem of Vimalasuri, by working on quite different lines. I am pleased to note that I have arrived at a date for the Paumachariya, which has a strong and unexpected support of a veteran scholar of Gujarat. farhorf as a Post. Appreciation. However shadowed and dwarfed he may be before the gigantic genius of mere we must give him credit for some beautiful attempts on his part to attain those enviablo heights in his flights of poetical imagination. fracaF is at his best in simple and yet elegant descriptions. His style at its best has a calm dignity which is certainly attractive, while he excels also in the observation and record of the beauties of Naturo and of the maidons.

·Introduction
19
.
Wo find some beautiful descriptions of
mountains फलाम, मेय etc.
घगनियह तरुण तरुवर कुसुमालि निलीग गुमुगुमायारं ।
निम्बर वन्त निम्मलमलिलोहफुसियवरकडयं ।।
गरुड वर किन्नरोरंग किंपुरिससमूहचडियपाएसो ।
तियस बहुमहुर मम्मग गन्धञ्चागीय सञ्चदिसो॥
etc. etc.
The rivers c. g. tho Narmada and the
Gangos are also beautifully described by
tho poet.
कष्टइ मयरकराहयदूरसमुछलियमच्छविच्छाहा ।
कच्छइ तरङ्गरगन्तफेयपरिवड़ियावयका !!
गयजूहसमायड़ियविसमसमुछेलकमलसंघार्य ।
संघायजलारियनिझरणझरतसद्दालं ॥
etc. etc.
He does not leayo out the ocean. Even
the dense forost is also described by him.
सरमुत्तासिय वगयर-गोमाऊर सियमीम सदाले ।
'खर फरस चाडवाए अलोनालीढ दुमगहणे ॥
etc.
The various seasons also find a place in
the doscriptions of Vature in this book. Tho
winter as usual brings the lovers more
cloze; and the Spring brings now joy and
life to the people.

·Introduction अकोल्लतिक्खणक्खा मल्लियणयणा असोयदलजीहो । कुरबयकरालदसणा सहयारसुकेसरारुणिओ ।। कुसुमरयपिज्जरङ्गो अइमुत्तलयासमूसियकरग्गो । पत्तो वसन्तसीहा गयवइयाणं भयं देन्तो ॥ The deseription of wat is heaped up with epithets. वरकमलपत्तनयणा कोमुइयरयणियरसरिसमुहसोहा । कुन्ददलसरिसदसणा दाडिमफुल्लाहरच्छाया । रत्तुप्पलसमचलगा कोमुइयरयणियर किरणसंघाया । ओहासिउं व नजइ रयणियर चेव कुन्तीए ॥ Goddesses and Gods are equally well described. He can paint excellent erotic wordpictures. एका तच्छवरतणू थणजुयलं अंसुएण आयन्ती।। अवहरिय उत्तरिजा सहसत्ति जले अह निवृड्डा।। इन्दीवरदलनयणा घेत्तुं इन्दीवरं हणइ अन्ना । अन्नाए सावि तुरियं आहम्मइ.सहस्सवत्तेहिं ।। There is no artificiality about this and it is quite natural. There is the other side also of the degcriptive power of the poet. He can equally well depict the horrors of the hell and tho most sanguinary battles and 'desolated places. Ho indulges in the detaiļs of tho ·Introduction 21 doscriptions of the hell. Wo shuddor and oxperienco a feeling of horror and horripilation when wo road thom. Thoy prosont & ghastly spectacle of bloodshed. The burn. ing placo of the dead fills is with aivo and fear. All this goes to show that ho had had the makings of & great poet in him, Somno of his comparisions are worthy of note. The world is doseribed as a big ocean. दुक्खसलिलावगाढे कसायगाहुकडे भवायत्ते । घणदोंग्गइविच्चीए जरमरणकिलेसकल्लोले ॥ etc. Again it is described as a great river; and oncemore as forest. झाणागिलाहएणं विधिहतविन्वर्ण महन्तजलिएणं । नाणाणलेणं राहय तुमएं जम्मायो दया ।। Again it is described as a lake. अह ते तुरउद्वारे बहुभडमयरे मुसत्थकमलवणे । लोलायन्ति जहिच्छं समरतलाये कुमारगया | There is a beautiful description of रावण. पायालंबीइपरं मयगयंगाहांउलं रहावत्तं । राहव भुयासु तरि कि इच्छसि रावणसमुद्रं ।। The hatred towards the fickleminded.. ness of women is also niecly expressed, ·22 Introduction नरयस महावीही कढिगा सग्गग्गला अणयभूमी । सरियञ्चकुडिलहियया वजेयचा ह्वइ नारी ।। The transitoriness of our life is beautifully brought home to us by its comparision with the bubbles of water, the vanishing colours of the twilight, the lightning, the morning dew drops on leaves. etc, etc. The Gnomic and Didactie Sententiae in the Paumachariya. By their very nature Indians bare delighted themselves in gnomic and didactic sayings. The Mahabharata teems with such sayings. The Buddhists have shown great liking for such gnomic and didactic matter and the Dhammapada is an instance to the point. The Jains bare evinced the samie taste for moral maxims. In the Paumachariya we come across many of them. etc. etc. एकम्मि जह तलाए धेणुय सप्पेण पाणिय पीयं । सप्पे परिणमइ विसं घेणुरस खीरं समुभवइ ।। पग्जलियम्मि य भवणे कुवतलायम्स खणणमारम्भो । अहिणा दुटुरस जएं को काला मन्त्रजवर्णमि ।। सलिले मन्थिजन्ते मुटु वि न हाइ नवीयं । सिकयाह पोलियाए कत्तोच्चिय जायए तेलं ।।

·Introduction 23 Vimalasuri-A Digambara or A Shyetambara ? There is a great controversy raging round about this problem. Some articles have already appeared in the Jaina Yuga ( V. S. 1982 ). After twice reading the Paumachariya, I have found some additional references to both these systems of religion. Of course, the absence of the reference to the interchange of the foetus, can be explained in this way that Vimalasari was writing the Paumachariya and not Viracharita, and consequently he omitted the details. (1) The Shvetambaras believe that Maha- Fira, shook the mountain Meru, without the least effort on his part, and hence his sig. nificant name. आकम्पिओ य जेणं मेरु अगुठएण लीलाए । तेणेह महावीरो नाम सि कयं मुरिन्देहिं ॥ २. २२६ (2) Then we find that Marudevi dreamt fourteen auspicious dreams:--- वसह गय सीह वरसिरि दामं ससि रवि झयं च कलसंच सर सायरं विमाणं वरमवणं रयगकूडग्गी ।। ३. ६२ Similarly Padmavati also dreamt the following almost similar 14 dreams :- गय यसह सीह अभिसेय दाम ससि दिणयरं झयं कुम्भ । पउमसर सागर विमाग भवग रयणुच्चय सिहिं च ॥ २१. १३ ·1 saty 24 Introduction (8) Many a time the names of the 24 Tirthankaras come together and there we see that the 19th Tirthankara is referred to as Heit. This is in clear accord with the Þelief of the Slıvetambaras. (4), When Rama went to the Jina ho the daughter of Janaka,, dressed in white clothes.. सियवस्थनियंसणी जणयधूया otc. १०२. ६०. Again in the रामपुव्यभव सीयागव्यजा विहाण chapter we see that Rama saw Sita clad in white garments, sitting in the unidst of Aryas. सेयम्बरपरिहागा etc. १०३. १६५. When tho Yaksha went out with his damscję, tho young beautiful inaidens saw somo young persons clad in white clothes, practising Husterities. सेयम्बरधारिणो कुमारवरा etc. ७. ११२. Rarana, after finislung his bath, put on wbito clothes. ita fiz7 37701) Etsferocit fuperstifarurit 11 80.88 When Narana irent to porform tho svor. ship in the temple, ho put on whito clothes.: सेयम्बर, परिहाणा otc. ६६. ३०. King Fire HTC whilo wandoring on tho enrth, saw a sago clad in white. ferrat पणयो etc. (o) When Janakn entered tho innor pro. mises of the temple, ho saw the idol of Adikara fully well adorned.

·Introduction 25 r ओदगरस्स भगवआ दोहजडामडडफयसोयं ।। २८, ३९ (6) Thien wo go to the enumoration of the Doralokas. सोहम्मीसाणसकुमार माहिन्द यम्भलोगोय । लेन्तय कप्पो य तहा, छोविय होइ नायचो ।। ७५.३५ एत्तो य महामुको सहसारो आणी तह य चेव । तह पाणी य आरग अच्नुयकप्पो य वारसमो || ७५.३६ The Shretainbara tradition says that thero aro 12 Deralokas, Tho Diganbara tradition differs from it. We sco that tho Tatrarthadhigama sutra also has rocorded the samo Shvetambara boliof. In tho fourtlı Adhyaya ve read the enumeration of the Kalpa-Viwanas' wherein dwell the Vaima nika Gods. cli. 4. Sutra 20. Again in the Pauniachariya ch. 102, vo find tho aboromentioned enumeration in tho samo ordor; verses' 142, 143. Thon tho nino Graiverakıs are referred to. Then the number of Vi. manas, in the above-mentioned Deralokas, is mentioned. This completely tallies with the 010 giren in the Tatvarthadhigama autra: cl, 4. sutra 22. (7) Then we seo that Kaikeyi renunciated this worldly life and became a Sadhvi, Then she got the Siddhipada. fafari 57 qali.ca. 82.. Wo see that the bril

·26
Introduction
do not believe in the liberation for the fe.
males. Only the Shretambaras beliere in it.
We see that the Digambaras flatly refuse to
believe that Jallinath, the 19th Tirthankara;
according to the Shretambaras, was a fernale.
(8) The Shretambaras believe that the
places where the Tirthankaras were received
with great hospitality by their devotees, were
quite clean.
संमजिओवलित्ते उद्देसे तस्स परमसदाए ।
सेयंसनरवरिन्दो इक्बुरसं देइ परितुट्टो ॥ ४. १२
In the HT Foetut chapter no. 116,
we see that the king requests the Juni to
occupy a rell cleaned place.
सम्मजिओवलिते कमलहि समाच्चिए ११६. ११
etc.
(9) The Digambaras do not beliore that
When the Lord walked, thero pero lotuses
left behind him on the foot prints. जत्तो ठा
चलणे etc 2. 3. The argument that the
the rord Sie in ch. 20, verse 69, moans
“ in an unmarried state ", is quito wrong.
In the above-montioned paper-Jaina Fuga
(V. S. 1982 ) somo body has tried to refuto
tho argument. Here I would like
at another authoritative work which sets
-- aside the sbore-mentioned interpretation.
to point

·Ę . Introfaction Tho rcader is referred to corso 244 of me. *** Fajfar, of my and tho interpretation tlucreof by मरायगिरि riz. नईप्सितामिफा-अमि. fraafianti, f Through trafitat: etc. etc. All these above-mentioned points go to proro that the Author of the Pauma. chnriyo was a Shvetambarn. I do ndmit that thero BTO somo ipstances which aro simply contradictions of cach other. Thoy aro distressingly inoxplicable. Thoy aro in a minority and lioncowo can safely noge lect tlıcın. A Note on the Language used in the Paumachariya. The term Prakrit Literaturo includes in itself the literature of tho Jainas. The Shrotambarau accept tho 45 Agamas as making up their Sacred Canon. l'ho language uscd in thosc sacred books, is known as Ardhamagadhi. Tho Progo worka aro writtin in a diffuso stylo; the reader is tired with the claborato descriptions fhich are ropeated therein without any matorial chango. Wo know that Paumachariya is the oldest oxtant opic-"the oldest karya' in Jaina Literature. Tlia languago used in this work is called Jaina Maliarashtri. It has to ·Introddction bo distinguished from Jaina Shauraseni and Maharashtri. Thô former is used by the Digambaras" (e. g. Kundakundacharya's Prafächânäsarā); and the latter is used by the poots Pravárasena, Vakpati and others in their fainous epics and lyrics. In tho Jaina Maharashtri language, the non-canonical books of the Shvetaubaras, are writton. These books aro full of stories and lives of wollknown sages: Wo find also works on astronomy, logic, philosophy otc, in this language. Somo salient characteristics of this languago aro as follows. 7 instead of u and 119 for TuT and यायत् ; म inserted beforo tiio उत्तरपंद in समास, AT as a tormination of tho Instrumental Singular. Readórs aro reguosted to rofor to पारअसहमहाण्णवों Vol IV by Pandit Hargovind Das, for the detailed troatmont of thoso linguistic traits. Dr. Jacobi has (in tho article contri. butod to the prodorn Roriow Dec. 1914 ), writton a low words on tho languago tised in the Paumachariya. This langungo, as raid aboro, i4 Jaina J[aliarashtri.“ The cases of declonsions of nouns, and oron foring of tho rorb aro sory frcquontly interchanged to a ·Iatrulaction knuch greater extent than is found in any other Prakrit work." Thic Locatiro Plural ris used, more than onco, for the Instrumental Plural. Frequently wo find the Also Ipto for the Infinitire. Also the uninflccted form for one with caso affix is not a rarity :in this work, "It is thicroforo A primitive Sand not yet grammatically rofined Prakrit." I have put together some of tho in. istances hinted at by that learned Orientalist. (1) Loc. Pl. for Instr Pl. नागंमु, तोमु, जुबईमु, म etc. etc. (2) Absolutive for Infinitive. परिदेविग, चिन्तिऊग, हरिऊग, परिचइगं, रम्भिऊस, पालेऊम, घेतण, गन्तण, कहिऊम, निन्दिऊग, cte. etc: (3) Infinitivo for Alsolutisc. मुणित्त, रहतु, करित्त, ममिउं, काउं, गतुं etc. etc. (4) Uniflected forms: व. विटोगरयमल भयवं, जे महारिसि गणहर भणगार लदमाहणे, जिणगुगवोगा घेतग, सोयं विमुक्कोसो पगलियम्, परगतणभो लङ्कासुन्दरी भगइ otc. etc. These are some of thoso so called "pri. mitivo characteristics found here, of the language used by Vimalasuri.

·॥ श्रीविमलसूरिपशिष्यश्रीविमलसूरिविरचितं ॥ ॥पउमचरियम्॥ तो मगहनराहिवई विम्हियहियओ मुर्णि पणमिऊगं । पुच्छइ अगन्नहियओ कहेहि रामस्स संवयं ॥१॥ रामस्स किं व दिटुं माहपं जणयनरवरिन्देणं । रूवगुणजोवणघरी निरूविया जेण सा सीया ॥२॥ अहभणइ गणाहिवई सेणिय निमुणेहि जणयनरवइणा । कज्जेणजेण दुहिया रामस्स निरूविया सीया ॥ ३ ॥ वैयदाहिणेणं कहलासगिरिस्स उत्तरदिसाए । देसा हवन्ति बहवे-गामागरनगरपरिपुष्णा ।। ४ ।। तत्थेव अस्थिदेसो एकोच्चिय अवञ्चरो नाम। निरसंजमनिस्सीलो बहुमेच्छसमाउलो घोरो ॥५॥ तत्थ य मऊरमाले नयरे परिवसइ मेच्छजणपरे । नामेण आयरगो राया जमसरिसददसतो ॥ ६ ॥ कम्बोयमुयस्वोया देसो अन्नेय सवरजणपउरा । पएमु जे नरिन्दा ते तगया आयरङ्गरस ॥ ७ ॥ अह अन्नया कयाई देसं जणयस्स बन्चरो राया । उवासि पयत्तो चिलायसेन्नेण परिपुष्णो ॥ ८॥ सौऊग जगयराया देसं उत्यासियं अणजे हिं । पैसेइ तुरियचवलं पुरिसं चिय दसरहनियम्स || ९ ॥ 1 ५

·.
पउमचारियम्
गतूग पगमिमग म सर्च मेाग परिकदेह ।
देसविगासं च पुगो चिय जगण्ण संदिटुं॥ १० ॥
सामिय चिन्नवइ तुम जाओ जगवलो कपपगामी
मद अनववरहिं सन्यो उयासिओं विरामी ॥ ११ ॥
माययमममा यरह विधानि य जिगन्दमवणाणि ।
पयनिमिवेग पह पह महुं रखगट्ठाण ॥ १२ ॥
मणिऊग एपमेयं रामं सहायिग नरवसी ।
सञ्चबलाममुंदपणं जं. दाउं समादत्तो ॥ १३ ॥
चामोयरफलसमग मूग पटुपडहबन्दिपोसेगं ।
अहिसेयकारणद्वे रामरस अपट्ठिया पुरओ ।। १४ ।।
दट्टण परिसं सो आडोवं मणद गहयो ययणं. !
किंकारणम्मि मुहडा फलसविहया समलीणा ॥ १५ ॥
तो दसरही पवुत्तो पुत्तय मेच्छाण आगयं सैन्न ।
पुहई पालहि तुम तस्साहं महिमुहो जामि ॥ १६ ॥
मगइ विहसन्तश्यको रामो किंताय पमुसरियाणं!
उरि जासि महाजस पुत्तेग मए सहोगेणं ॥ १७ ॥
सोऊग वयगमेयं हरिसियहियो नराहियो भणइ ।
बालोसि तुम पुत्तय कहमिच्छबलं रणे जिणसि ॥ १८ ॥
भणइ पउमो नराहिव थोवोच्चिय हुयवहो वणं पहुयं ।
दहइ य खगेण सत्वं किं च बहुत्तेण निबढइ ॥ १९ ॥
रामम्स ययणनिहसं सोऊग नरवई भणइ एवं ।
संगामे सुहडजसं पुत्तय पावन्तो होहि ॥ २० ॥

·३२
पउमचरियम्
काऊण पियपणामं दोविकुमारा महंन्तबलसहिया ।'
अह निग्गया पुराओ जयसद्ग्युट्टतूररवा ॥ २१ ॥
तावच्चिय पढमयरं विणिग्गयाणं तु जणयतणयाणं ।
दो चेव जोयणाई उभयबलाणन्तरं जायं ।। २२ ।।
रिबलसकरिस असहन्ता जणयसन्तिया सुहड़ा ।
पविसन्ति मेच्छसेन्नं गहन्च मेहाण संघायं ॥ २३ ॥
मेच्छाग आरियाग य संगामो दारुणो समावडिभो । .
अन्नोन्नसत्थपन्तियसंघद्वेन्तजालोहो ॥ २४ ॥
अन्तरिओ च्चिय कणो मेच्छेहि बहलतमसरिच्छेहिं ।
ताहे जणयनरिन्दो याहेई समन्तसेन्नेणं ॥ २५ ॥
तो वचरेहि जणओ भग्गेहि पुणोपुणो समन्तेहिं ।
परिवेढिओ खणेणं सूरो इव मेहनिवहेणं ॥ २६ ॥
एयन्तरम्मि रामो लक्खणसहिओ बलेण परिपुष्णो।
संपत्तो च्चिय सहसा ते मेच्छवलं अइमहन्तं ॥ २७ ॥
आसासिऊग जणयं रामो तं मेच्छमुहडसंघायं ।
पउमसरं पिव ह्यो कुगद चिय विहयविद्वत्थं ॥ २८॥
तह लाख गो वि वाणे मुच्चइ उरि अणारियभदाण।
नजद्द य सायरवरे परिसइ मेहो सरयकाले ॥ २९ ।।
निध्यपहरम्हरियं भगं चिय मेटसाहणं समरे।
तह विय सौमित्तिमुओ धावइ मग्गेण बलसहिओ ॥ ३० ॥
दट्टानिययसेन्नं भागं चिय लाखणेण परहुतं ।
सयमेव आयरहो मुहढेहिसमं समुद्वेद ॥ ३१ ॥

·३
पामचारियम्
कैम कमलामा मुपियसापमा तहिं अन्ने ।
अवर तरयामा वामगदेदा निविद्धनासा ॥ ३२ ॥
यजलपतनियथा मणिमयादिमुत्तयाभरणदेहा।
धाऊम्यागया विाइयसिरिमारीमुमा ॥ ३३ ॥
एवंविहहि समय जोहहि आपसनरपसहो।
अह लग्नगरस पुरओ उपढिमा दम्पियामरिसो॥ ३४ ॥
गयासइसनिन्धा सरसनिकरालकोतगहियरुग।
जुनमन्ति मेन्चमुट्टा सोहन्ता अनवपलोहं ।। ३५ ॥
अह लासगरम चार्य दुहास्यं आयाइनरपदणा ।
जाव य गेहइ खम्गं साव य विग्हो को सिन्धं ॥ ३६॥
दण लावगं सो विग्हं सयमेव उद्वियो रामो ।
सरसत्तिचरमोग्गरसपनु सेनं विधायन्तो || ३७ ॥
रामेण आयागो गरुयपहाराहओ कमो विमुहो।
नम्सइ विभागमागो दस वि दिमाओ पलोयन्तो ॥३८॥
हयविहयविपरुदं सेन्नं काऊग राहवो समर ।
मगं अमुहमागो नियत्तिो लावणेण तओ।। ३९ ॥
जाओ महाणन्दो पुहुई आवासिया मयविमुमा ।
वीसनिओ रामो रदजसो पन्थिो नयरि ॥ ५० ॥
तं पुरिसयारनिहम दट्टण नगृहिवेण तुद्वेणं ।
रामम्स निययqया जगएण निरूविया सोया ॥ ११॥
एवं मगुम्सो मुकरण पुत्र जयं रणे पावइ वीरसत्तो ।
विक्खायकिती भुवगे पसिदो ससिञ्च रामो विमलप्पमालो ॥१२॥

·३४ पउमचरियम् | इय पउमचरिए मेच्छपराजयकित्तणो नाम सतावीसमो उद्देसओ समत्तो। अह अन्नया कयाइ पुहइ भमन्तेण नारएण सुया । रामस्स पवररूवा जणएण निरूविया सीया ॥ १ ॥ ताहे नहङ्गणेणं उप्पइउं नारओ गओ मिहिलं । कन्नालोयणहियओ सोयाभवणं समल्लोणो ॥२॥ दतॄण पविसन्तं दीहजडामउडभामुरं सहसा । भयविहलवेविरङ्गी सीया भवणोयरं लीणा ॥३॥ अशुमग्गेण रियन्तो रुद्धो नारोहिं दारवालीहिं । कलहन्तो ताहि समं गहिओ सो रायपुरिसेहिं ।। ४ ।। जाव य भणन्ति पुरिसा को एसो हणह मुट्ठिपहरेहिं । ताव भउश्विग्गमणो उप्पइउं नारओ नट्ठी ।। ५ ॥ फइलासपचओचरि आसन्थो चिन्तिऊग आढत्तो। अह तं पोढकुमारी वसणसमुद्दे निवाडेमि ॥ ६ ॥ परिचिन्तिऊग एवं सिग्धं रहणेउरं गओ नयरं । ताहे उजाणहरे सोयारूवं पडे लिहह ।।७ ॥ तावच्चिय चन्दगई समयं भामण्डलेण नयराओ । अह निगमो महप्पा कोलगहेउं तमुन्नाणं ॥ ८॥ तत्व फाणणहरे फनारूवं पढे समालिहियं । दळूण तं विसरणी सहसा भामण्डलकुमारो ॥ ९ ॥ मुश्चइ दीहुम्सासे सोयह पलवइ य अन्नमन्नाई। रबिंदिया य निईन टहह चिन्तापरिग्गहिओ ।। १० ।

·पउमचरियम्
३५
मुमुयन्धगधनहाइयाइ आहारमनगविदोनो।
मेह अगन्नहियो परिहायद मनमोमु ।। ११ ॥
नाऊग तं कुमारं मयगाम्यं तु नारो ताहे।
बह देह दरिसर्ग चिय वासयो तरस गन्तूणं ।। १२ ।।
भामण्डलेग दिवो तुरियं अन्मुट्ठिओ पगमिऊगं ।
दिलासगोपविट्ठी मणिो य मुगी निसामेदि ।। १३ ।।
केग वि उजागहरे आलिहिया वालिया मगभिरामा ।
जह जागसि भूयायं साहमु फरसेरिसाध्या ।। १४ ॥
5 एव पुन्टिभो सो भगइ तमो नारओ पसंसन्ती।
अन्धि महिलाप राया जगओ सो इन्दकेउमओ ॥ १५ ॥
तम्स महिला विदेहा तीए दुहिया इमा पवरकना ।
जायगगुगाम्या सीया नामेण विस्खाया ।। १६॥.
अहवा किं परितुद्धौ पडिएवं पेच्छिग आलेक्से ।
जे तीए विन्ममगुगा ते चिय को वणिउं तरह ॥ १७॥
एवं कहिऊग गओ जहिच्च्यि नारओ अहतुरन्तो।
भामण्टलो वि दियहा वम्मह्सरसडिओ गमद ॥ १८ ॥
जइ द फन्नारयणं न लहामि फईवएहि दिवसेहि ।
तो न य जीवामि फुई मयणमुयड्रेण 8ो ह ॥ १९ ॥
सोयाबविगडियं पुरं नाऊग तत्य चन्दगई।
मामण्डलस्स पास समयं कन्ताए संपत्तो ॥ २०॥
मगइ तो चन्दगई पुत्तय मा एव दुक्खिओ होहि ।
फना वरमि गन्तुं जा तुझ अवडिया हियए ॥ २१ ॥

·पउमचारयम् संथाविऊण पुत्तं चन्दगई भणइ अत्तगो महिलं । विजाहरमणुयाणं कह संबन्धो इमो होइ ।। २२ ।। भूमोगोयरनिलयं अहं न हि जुजए तहिं गन्तुं । अहवा तेण न दिन्ना का क्यणसिरो तथा अम्हं ॥ २३ ॥ तम्हा अकालहोणं कंचि उवायं करेमि भा है। फन्नाए तीए पियरं एत्थेव ठिओ समाणेमि ॥ २४ ॥ चवलगइनामधेय सहावेऊग तस्स एयन्ते । सञ्चं कहेइ राया भामण्डलदुक्खमाईयं ॥ २५ ॥ सामियआगाए लहुं मिहिलानयरिं गओ चवलवेगो । काऊग आसरुवं वित्तासन्तो भमइ लोयं ॥ २६ ॥ दण नरवरिन्दो आसं उद्दामयं नयरमझे । तो मणइ गेम्हह इमं अदिट्ठपुज्यं महातुरयं ।। २७ ॥ नरवइवयणेण तओ गहिओ पुरिसेहि पगहकरहिं । टविओ य मन्दुराप कुटुमचचिकछुरिया ॥ २८ ॥ सो तत्म मासमेगं अद्विओ ताय तुरियोग गं । संपत्तो भगइ निवं गयवरपयवासिभी भको ॥ २९ ॥ सामिय.मुणेहि दिट्ठो हत्थी एरागोव्य रगम । धोवन्तरेण पेष्टह तं घे-पन्तं फदिगदपं ॥ ३०॥ सो एव मणियमेत्तो दिणिग्गा नरबई गयारूदी। पत्तो य तं.पण्स पंछइ परवारणं मत् ॥ ३१ ॥ घट्दा सरसि दुग्गे हत्यी तो नरबई भगइ सिन्धं । माह किमि तर यहि विष्ट गानि ।। ३२ ।।

·पउमचरियम् तागिय सो तुरमो उपगीमो कादिगदम्यनादयो। मान्मकुअरवरं तयारको नरवरिन्दो ॥ ३३ ॥ मारुदरस य तुरमो उपहओ नपलं चपलगो। हाहार महामं काऊग भहा गया सपुरं ॥ ३४॥ तत्तो मगेयदेसा यौन जिगाल्यासन्ने पायरसाहाए लहुं मालगो नई भनियं ॥ ३५ ॥ सो तरस तस्वराभो ओहायो कामयं तु । पन्न वरपासायं उन्मासन्तं दस दिसाभौ ॥ ३६ ॥ आयदिऊग सगं विगयममो गोठरं समझीयो । अह पेसह तय पुगो दावी उन्नागमन्मम्मि ॥ ३७॥ दिलै जिमिन्दमवणं नागाविहमगिमपनलिय । इन्दम्म वासगेहं ननइ सम्गाउ अपदणं॥ ३८ ॥ अमन्तरं पपिट्ठी पच्छइ सीहासगढियं पडिमं । आइगरम्स भगवओ दाहजडामउडकयसोहं ॥ ३९ ॥ रइऊग अनलिउड सहसा ओमुन्टिओ समासयो । मावेग पययमगसो कोइ थुइमालविहाणं ॥ ४०॥ काऊग य किइकम्म उचिट्ठी तत्थ बिम्हओ जणओ । मोत्तूण आमरूवं चवलगई विय गो सपुरं ॥ ४१ ॥ नमिऊग सामिचलगे पत्तो साहेइ अबहियं जणयं । उन्नागम:अयोर ठवियं चिय जिणहासन्ने ॥ १२ ॥ सोऊग आगयं सो जणायं विन्नाहाहियो तुद्वौ । घेत्तग महायं तं जिगभवणं गओ सिन्धं ।। ४३ ॥

·३८ पउमचरियम् दिवविमाणारुढो दिट्ठो जणएण मुहडपरिकिग्णो । मुणिओ य का एसो इहागओ खेयराहिवई ॥ १४ ॥ अमुणियचित्तसहावो जणओ सीहासगन्तरनिलुको । जायच्छद तावच्चिय चन्दगईगं कया प्या ॥ ४५ ॥ थुइमङ्गलं च विहिणा काऊगं तत्थ बारसावत् । अह गाइडं पवत्तो जिणगुणवोगा य घेणं ॥ ४६ ।। जो तियसाहिवेहि एहविओ गिरिमत्थए किन्नरसिद्धजस्खकय मनलसदए । जम्मजराविओगयणकम्मविणासए पणमह आयरण समयं उसमजिणिन्दए ॥१७॥ तुहं सयंम् मयवं चउम्मुहो पियामही विण्हु जिणो तिलोयणो । अणन्तसोरखामलदेहधारिणो सयंपवुदो वरधम्मदेसओ ॥४८॥ पगमह मुरनरससिरविमहियं यहुविहगुणसयवरसिरिनिलयं । अगुवमअचलियसिवमुहफल्य निणयर मुचरिय तुह मम सरणं॥४९ उसमें जियमच्छररागमयं मयदोग्गदमागपगामयरं । करणुजयधम्मपदस्सगुरं गुरुकम्ममहोयहिसोमयं ॥ ५० एवं गायन्तग्स य संहासगअन्तराउ निमिडिओ। जगमो चन्दगईगं दिवो य तो समालतो ।। ५१ मगिओ य माहमु फुड को मि नुमं काहिं च यथयो । केगेग कारगेगं अप्पास पथं जिगाययगे ।। ५२ मिहिन्यापुगेर अहयं जगभी नामंग इन्दोटामा । पयागिनीय हरि ऋगय मायानुरगं ।। ५३

·पउमचारियम्
संभासियरुपविगया दोणि पिय मुहामगेमु उपविट्ठा ।
अन्ति पोइपमुद्दा समसमागयालाया ॥ ५४
नाज्य परिवं सो चन्दगई मगइ जगय निमुहि ।
दुहिया तुन्न युमारी अधि ति मए मुयं पुवं ।। ५६
सा मह मुयस्त दिनउ फला मामटलरस मगुरुवा ।
गादन्हि भगुग्गहिओ जगय तुमे नधि संदेहो ॥ ५६
सो भागइ गेयरादिव मह वय मुणमु ताव पगमगा ।
दसरहनुयस दिन्ना सा कला रामदेवास ॥ ५७
मणइ पुगो चन्दगई सा कला केण कारण तुमे ।
दसरहमुयरस दिन्ना एवं में फोऽयं परमं ॥ ५८
मिहिलापुरीए देसो अस्थि ममं धगसमिदजणपउरो।
सो अववरहिं मेछेहि विगासियो सत्यो ॥ ५९
संगामम्मि पबत्ते मेच्छा रामेण निनिया सवे ।
रसस्वससमागमता देवेहिं जे न जिप्पन्ति ॥ ६०
पुगरवि य महं देसो सच्चो आवासिओ मयविमुको ।
रामस्स पसाएणं जाओ धगरयणपडिपुष्णो ॥ ६१
तस्सुक्यारम्स मए सा फना रुवजोयणगुणोहा ।
दिना रामरस फुड एयं ते साहियं गुझं ॥ ६२
मुणिऊग वयगमेयं मगन्ति विनाहरा परमरुट्ठा ।
अविसेसो जणय तुमं फनाकजं न लखेसि ॥ ६३
मेच्छेमु किं व कोरइ पसवसररिच्छेमु हिणसत्तेमु ।
भग्गेमु तेसु सभरे मुहडाण जसो न निवडइ ॥ ६१

·४०
पउर्मचरियम्
फायरस सुक्रुक्खे पीई बालस्स विसफले होइ ।
तह इच्छइ अविसेसो हीणो होणेण संजोगो ॥ ६५
परिचयमु कुसंवन्धं जणय तुम मुमिगोयरण सम ।
विनाहरेण समय करेहि नेहं सययकालं ।। ६६
देवोच संपयाए चन्दगई खेयराहिवो सूरो ।
एयरस देहि कन्नं का गणणा पायचारण ।। ६७
जगएण वि पडिभणिया कि निन्दह भूमिगोयरे तुभे ।
तित्थयरचकटी हवन्ति मगुया हलधरा य ॥ ६८
भातण भरहवासं वहवे इक्खागवंससंभूया ।
अमुरमुरनमियचलगा सिवमयलम गुत्तरं पत्ता ।। ६९
तत्येव महावसे अणरण्णमुऔ मुमगलागम्भ ।
जाओ पढमपुरीए नराहियो दसरहो नार्म ।। ७०
रुवगुणसालिगोणं पञ्चसया जम्स पवरजुबईणं ।
पुत्ता य पउममाई चत्तारि जणा महासत्ता ॥ ७१
रामस्स विक्रमगुणं नामगं तरस परमउययारं ।
तेग मए निययमुया निरविया तरम वरसन्ना ।। ७२
विग्जाहरा फ्युत्ता जणय नुमं मुणनु निश्चयं प्राह ।
गर्व चिय अहतुनं गमस्स फुई समुपहसि ॥ ७३
एवं चिय धगुरयणं पनारत्वं मुग्नु फयरमन ।
जह युगह वो रामो तो फना गेरर फयों ।। ७४
मह पुना बनाया पगुग्य: अनगो यमे गमो।
न युगा नरपदमी तो से फन्ना भी हार ।। ७५

·पउमचारियम्
मह ते मेयर्यसहा जगयं भगुपच गेहि तुरिया।
मिहिटामिमुद्दा चलिया गयौ य सपुरं च चन्दगई ॥७६
एत्तो कभीरसंह जयसपुणटुमालरपेगं ।
पविसरइ निययभागं जगभी बहुजगवयाइयो ।। ७७
विविहारहपरिहत्या विजाहरपन्थिया पलसमिदा ।
आवासिया समन्ता मिहिलाए बाहिरसे ।।७८
ताच य सेयरवसा पगढमाहप्पदप्पउच्चाहो ।
चिन्तइ जगयराया दोहुम्सासे विमुगन्तो ॥ ७९
उत्तमनारीहि समं तथ विदेहा गया निवसयास ।
व्यट्ठिया मगइ पर कि शायसि महिलियं अन्न ॥ ८०
महवा फहेहि मन्नं तं विलयं जमणेग चिन्तेसि ।
आगेमि तस्वर्ण चिय मा एवं दुरिखमओ हाहि ।। ८१
जं एवं समालतो जणभो, तो मगइ अत्तको फन्तं ।
अमुगियकना सि तुमं महचिन्ताकारणं मुणमु ॥ ८२
मायातुरङ्गमेणं नीमोई तेण कटि पेयड्ढे ।
विनाहित्रेण तत्तो समयं फाऊग परिमुको ।। ८३
बजावत्तवरघगुं जइ फाहिइ मतगो बसे रामो।
ता होही फन्ना ते न पुणो अन्नण मेएणं ॥ ८४
तं च अपनेण मए चन्दावधेण इच्चियं सञ्च ।
विनाहरेहि पशुयं इहागिय नयरबाहिरओ ।। ८५
जह पुण संजीचं चिय पउमो न करेइ तं महाधणुई।
तो खेयरहि याला हिलिहिइ न एथ संदेहो ॥ ८६

·पउमचरियम्
दियहाणि वीस अवही एयाण मए फया अपुण्णेणं ।
एत्तो परं तु नियमा नेहिन्ति बलाधियारेणं ॥ ८७
मुणिम वयणमेयं वइदेही सोगपूरियसरीरा ।
परिदेवि पयत्ता नयणजलासित्तथणजुयला ॥ ८८
किं णाम भए सामिय दईवस्स कयं अभागधेनाए ।
नेण बहुदुक्खनिलयं इमं सरीरं विणिम्मवियं ॥ ८९
पुत्तेण न संतुट्ठी ध्यं हरिऊग उन्नो दइयो ।
मा मे होही एसा नेहस्सऽवलम्वणं वाला ।। ९०
एकस्स जाव अन्तं न जामि दुक्खस्स पावकम्मा है।
तावचिय गरुययरं विइयं तु निरूविये विहिणा ॥ ९१
रोवन्ती मणइ निवी भद्दे हहिं सोगसंवन्धं ।
नचावेइ समन्य लोयं पुन्चस्य कम्मं ॥ ९२
संथाविअप महिलं जगएण समन्तभो घणुवररस ।
उपसोहिया विसाला घरणो कयमाडणाडोवा ।। ९३
तीए सर्यवरत्ये आया नरवई समन्तणं ।
सिन्धं साएयपुरी रामम्स वि पसिओ भो ॥ ९४
सोऊन यवया परमो मडचडयरेश महएणं ।
लम्सगमरहे हि समै मिहिलानयरी समगुपची ॥ ९५
मायाविचेहि सनं मो विगया नगहिया निहितं ।
संमाणिया य पानं जगरण पमन्नहिपरणं ।। ९६
विजाग य मया सबालंकारमूसियसना।
सरयासमु पत्तो उपविट्टा परियगसमगा ।। ९७

·पउमरियम्
॥
तो सा पगुमागे सहि फन्नासएदि परिफिम्णा ।
पेट नरिन्दयसमें सीया फ्यमदणाडोये ॥ ९८
तो फलुई पमुत्तो पाउ रामो इमो मगिभिरामो ।
दसाहनियरस पुचो देवकुमारोग्मसिरीभो ॥ ९९
एयम्स जो समीर अगुओ थिय लासगो महायात् ।
मरहो सनुग्पो विय दौगि वि पए वरकुमारा ॥ १००
हरिवाहगो मइया पाले मेहम्पभी य नितरही ।
अह मन्दिरी जमा पिय सिरिकन्तौ दुग्मुद्दो भाग ॥ १०१
राया चेय मुमदो बुहो पिसाड़ी य सिरिधरो धोरो।
अचलो य बन्धुरुद्दी तहय सिही परिधयो सूरौ ॥ १०२
एए. अन्नेय बहु विमुकुलसंमया नरवरिन्दा ।
तुझ फएग यरतम् इहागया धगुपरिक्साए ॥ १०३
मन्तीग समुवीय पशुवं जो कुगद पन्छ सम्जोय ।
सो होही वरणीमो फन्नाए नस्थि संदेहो ॥ १०४
एवं च मणियमेचे कमेण चावास अभिमुहा सन्थे ।
अह दुधि पयत्ता निमजियपरियरावेदा ॥ १०५
जहजह दुन्ति भडा तहतह अग्गी विमुञ्चए धणुयं ।
विजुच्छडासरिच्छं भीमोरगमुकनीसासं ।। १०६
केएल्थ अग्गिमीया करमु पच्छाइजग नयणाई ।
भनन्ति पडिवहेणं अन्नोन्नं चेव लहन्ता ॥ १०७
अन्ने पुण दूरत्या दट्टण फुरन्नपन्नयाडौं ।
कम्पन्ति चलसरोरा पगढ़वाया दिसामुदा ॥ १०८

·पउमचरिपम्
पन्नयकायाभिहया पलासप व पत्तिया अवरे !
मुच्छाविहलसरीरा केई पुण थम्मिया मुहडा ।। १०९
केई भणन्ति ठाणं जइ बिहु जीवन्तया गमिस्सामो ।
तो दाणमणेयविहं दाहामो दीगकिविणाणं ॥ ११०
अन्ने भणन्ति एवं अम्हेनिययासु महिलियामु समं ।
काल चिय नेस्सामो किं वा एयाए ख्वाए ॥ १११
अवर भणन्ति एसा केणवि माया कया अउण्णेग ।
ठविया य मरणहे बहुयाणं नरवरिन्दाणं ।। ११२
ताव य चलन्तकुण्डलमउडालंकारमूसियसरिरी ।
पउमो गयवरगामी अल्लोणो घणुवरन्तम् ॥ ११३
अह ते महामुयना निययसहावटिया परमसोमा ।
घणुयं पि विगयजालं गहियं रामेण सहसत्ति || ११४
ठविऊग लोहपीठे सजीव धणुवरं कयं सिग्छ ।
सावचिय संजायं रयरेणुतमोच्च्यं गयणं ।। ११५
आकम्पिया य सेला विवरीय चिय वहन्ति सरियाउ ।
उकातडिच्छडालं विमवष्णं दिसायकं ॥ ११६
सम्बचो घोररवा चण्डा निवडन्ति तत्थ निग्धाया।
सूरो पणट्ठतेओ जाओ य जणो मऽविग्गी ॥ ११७
एयारिसम्मि लाए पलयावत्ते जग घणुवरं तं ।
विलएड पउमनाहो सत्यनरिन्दाग पञ्चक्ख ॥ ११८
एयन्तरम्मि गयणे देवा मुञ्चन्ति कुमुमवरवासं ।
साहुत्ति जपमाणा जयसदुग्घुतरम्वा ।। ११९

·पउमपरिपम्
रामेण युवरं तं गाट अफानिय तं सहप्पेणं।
जह यरहिगेहि पुढे नयपाउसमेदाझाए ॥ १२०
सुहिमओ व्यसायरखरो सो जणनि दो फर्मग आसयो ।
तार गिय पसयष्टी सीया रामं पटोप ॥ १२१
उससियरोमला सिगेहसंबंधजनियरिओसा ।
सोटाए संचरन्ती रामम्स अपट्ठिया पासे ।। १२२
ओयारिऊग पशुयं पउगोनिययासगे मुहनिविट्ठी ।
सोयाए समं रहइ रइसाहिणी अगहो च ॥ १२३ ।।
तं लखगेण घय घेणं बलदय सहरिसेणं ।
आकटियं सदणं परसुभियसमुनिग्यांस ॥ १२४
विमं ते सञ्ये विनाहरा भइबिग्गा ।
देन्ति गुणसालिगीभो अद्वारसपवरफनाओ ॥ १२५
विनाहरहि सिपं गन्तूग चाकवालगायरं ।
वित्तन्त परिकहिए चन्दगई दुम्मणा जाओ ।। १२६
आलोइऊग मरहो रामं दढसतिफन्तिपडिपुण्णं
अह सोइउ पयत्तो तस्वयमेतेग पडिबुद्धो ॥ १२७
गो पिया य एरको एयरस ममं पि दोण्ह वि जणाणे ।
नवरं अम्भुयकम्मो रामों परलोयमुकरणं ॥ १२८
पदमदलसरिसनयमा पटममुही पउमगन्मसंकासा ।
पउमरस इमा मना जाया निययाशुमावणं ॥ १२९
सत्यकलागमकुसला विमणं नाऊग केगईपुत्तं ।
दहयस्स साहइ फुई भरहकुमारस्स सम्मावं ॥ १३०

·पउमचरियम्
भरहस्स मए सामिय मुणिय सोगाउरं मणं गाद ।
तह तं करेमि सिग्धं जह निवेयं न य उवे ।। १३१
अत्थि जणयस्सभाया कणओ नामेग एत्थ मिहिलाए।
जाया य सुप्पभाए तेए सुभदा पवरकना ।। १३२
सिग्धं सयंवरा सा धोसाविजड़ नरिन्दमज्झम्मि ।
जाव न गच्छइ भरहो अजं चिय परमनिवेयं ।। १३३
मणिऊग एवमेयं सा वत्ता दसरहेण कणयस्स ।
कहिया य निरवसेसा तेण विय पडिच्छिया आणा ॥ १३४
कगएण तत्थ तुरियं सब्वेवि नराहिया समाहूया ।
जे वि य गया निवेसं ते वि तहिं चेवमलोणा ॥ १३५
उवविद्वेसु कमेणं कणयसुया तत्थ आगया कन्ना ।
परिहरिऊण नरिन्दे बरेइ भरहं सुभदा सा ।। १३६
अञ्चन्त विसमभावं सेणिय पेच्छसु खलाण कम्माण ।
पडिबुद्वो चिय भरहो भनाए विमोहिमो पच्छा ॥ १३७
जंपन्ति एक्कमेक्कं विलक्खवयगा नराहिवा सम्वे ।
जा जस्स पु-वविहिया भन्ना सा तस्स उवणमइ ।। १३८
रामेण तओ सीया परिणीया संपयाए परमाए ।
भरहेण वि कणयमुया तेणेव निओगकरणेणं ।। १३९
सवे काऊग तहिं वीवाहमहुस्सवं नरवरिन्दा ।
निययपुराणि कमेणं संपत्ता साहणसमग्गा ॥ १४०
दसरहस्स सुया बलदप्पिया नववहूहि समं जणसेविया ।
पविसरन्ति कमेग सुकोसलं विमलकित्तिधरा पुरिसोत्तमा ॥१४१
श्य पउमचरिए रामलक्खणधणुरयणलाभविहाणो नाम
अट्ठावीसदमो उद्देसओ समचो ॥

·Notes. Chapter 27. St. 1. मगहनराद्विवई Sk. मगधनराधिपतिः the king of the Aragadha country. विम्दियहियो, Sk, faft: one whose mind is tronderstruck, astonished. QUASH Sk. ito itath haring boked down. gou Sk.rt. Teos (eu). asks, questions, अणन्नदियओ Sk. अनन्यहृदयः one whose heart is not arering; concentrated on one particular thing. efe Sk. rt-, please narrate. St. 2. Ford Sk. rt. 5 seen, obserred. माप्पं Sk. माहात्म्यं greatness. जणयनरवरिन्देणं Sk. That by Janaka-the best among kings. रूयगुणजोधणधरी Sk. रूपगुणयौवनधारिणी ana who possesses, youth, rirtues and beauty, Farafer Sko-rt. Faren, betrothed. St. 8. ,77 Sk. rt., TT speaks, narrates, गणादियई Sk. गणाधिपतिः the first and foremost among the. Ganadharas. Ganadharas were the direct pupils of Lord Jahåvira. Tradi-: tion has it that they wrote what Lord Mfahavira taught them. Their writings form the basis of the Jaina Sacred Canon. fg of Sk. lt. ff+ ploase listen to orlend me 1. S. E. 106: 153: 8. 4. 97. 2. S. H. -*-1 F 8. 4. 241.

·48 Notes. your ears. कज्जेणजेण Sk... यस्मात् कारणात् the deed for which. St. 4. वेयड्डदाहिणेणं Sk. वैताढय दक्षिणेन to the South of the Mountain Vaitadhya. This is the name of a mountain which lies to the North of Bharata--varsha. E TERIT Sk. metafit of the Mountain Kailasa. This is the name of a high peak in the Himalayan range. According to Hindu Mythology this is a sacred resort of God S'ankara. garas Sk. rt. भू there exist गामागरनगरपरिपुण्णा Sk. ग्रामाकरनगरपरिपूर्णाः full of cities and collections of villages. St. b. अस्थि Sk. rt. अस् there exists. चिय Sk. एव. अध्दवव्वरो Sk. अर्धवर्वरः name of a country inhabited by the Mlechchhas. निस्संजमनिस्सीलो Sk. निःशीलसंयमः morally bankrupt and self-indulgent. OTHER Sk. यहुम्लेच्छसमाकुल.. teeming with the Aflechchhas. are Sk. : literally it means ful; here it means not abounding in pleasing natural scenery. St. 6. मऊरमाले Sk. मुकुरमाले in irukuramâla; it is the name of the capital of the above mentioned country. Act Furyst Sk. Sagt wherein many JNechchhas lived. जमसरिसदृढसत्तो Sk, यमसदृशदृढसत्यः one who 3. S. H. --::8.4...CO. ase- ·Notes. 49 possesses as much formidable strength as Yama.---God of Death. St. 7. कम्बोयमुयमयोया Sk. कम्बोजशुककपोताः names of countries inhabited by Non-Aryans सवरजणपरा Sk. शवरजनप्रचुराः countries abound. ing in the mountaineers. St. 8. यन्नया कयाई Sk. अन्यदा कदाचित् once upon a time. Iar Sk, qat: the Alechchha king. उन्चासिउं Sk. rt. उद्वस् to devastate. पपत्तो Sh. rt. प्रवृत् made himself ready. चिलायसेनेण Sk. किरातसैन्येन with an army consisting of the mountain-tribes. St. 9. 150 Sk. rt. having heard. Huis Sk. at: by the Non-Arsans. Tac Sk. rt. प्रेप sends. तुरियचवलं Sk. त्वरितचपलं promptly and quickly. St. 10. पुरिसं Sk. पुरुषं an emissary. गन्तूंण Sk. rt. गम् ( गच्छ् ) having gone. मेच्छागर्म Sk: MÅ thé invasion by the Iſlechchhas. I Sk. rt. +FT (as) directed, instructed, told etc. St. 11. सामिय Sk. स्वामिन् oh Lord ! विप्न. वह Sk. rt. विशिए requests. जणवच्छलो Sk. जन- वत्सलः affectionate towards his subjects. फयqurt Sk. A: one who has paid the due reverence. मह Sk. मम mine. विसओ Sk. विषयः country; kingdom. 4. S.C. for other forms KHÁCH: | 204 ·50 Notes. are St. 12. सावयसमणा Sk. धावकश्रमणा: the laymen and the ascetics. S'ravaka, S'råvika, Sadhu, and Sadhvi the four different orders in Jainism. The Tirthankara founded these bands of the religions followers. faren for Sk. Ito विध्वस् demolished. जिणिन्दभवणाणि Sk. जिनेन्द्रaga temples dedicated to Jina. One who has subdued or conquerred the enemies in the form of passions etc. is called Jina, cf. Abhayadeva-Samavåyånga. MH G Sk. 27- निमित्तेन due to this reason. पहू Sk. प्रभो oh ! Lord. एह Sk. rt. इ. please go. लहुं Sk. लघु quickly. रक्खणद्वाए Sk. रक्षणार्थम् for defence or protection. St. 13. fushur Sk. rt ut sub voce. St. 3. सद्दाविऊण Sk. rt. शब्द having called. नरवसभो Sk. Fany: the best among men. There are certain words in Sanskrit which when appended to certain words, give the sense of superiority. e.g. सिंह, व्याघ्र, गो, वृपम etc. सव्व- वलसमुदपणं Sk. सर्ववलसमुदायेन to-gether with the whole army. दाउं Sk. rt. दा (यच्छ) to give or hand over; here it means to abdicate in favour of. समाढत्तो Sk. rt. समा+रभ began. St. 14. चामीयरकलसकरा Sk. चामीकरकलशकराः 5. S. E. Hfcita-67-YERI 8-2-138. contra. Dr. Woolner. Introduction to Prakrit.

·Notes. one St. 17. विहसन्तवयणो Sk. विकसद्धदनः or विह- AECA: (i) one whose face is blooming. (ii) whose face is smiling, neefiestui Sk. TEOT against those who are (weak) like beasts. Saft Sk. soft towards, against, HETSTE SK. TETTY: you who are very much famous. सहीणेणं sk. सहितेन when you have got me by your side. St. 18. हरिसियहियो Sk. हर्षितहृदयः one who went into hysterics of jubilation. कह Sk. कथम् hoy; in what manner. जिणसि', Sk. rt. 7 dost conquer. St. 19. थोवो Sk. स्तोकः little. हुयवहो Sk. हुतवह् fire. डहइ Sk. rt. दह burns. खणेण Sk. क्षणेन in a moment. निवडइ Sk. rt. निर+पद् is accomplished. St. 20. क्यणनिहसं Sk. वचननिष्कर्ष the purport or the quintessence of his speech, ánh Sk. FH on the battle-field. & Sk. सुभटयश: the fame of a great warrior. पावन्तओ Sk. rt. Itaire obtaining. Elle Sk. rt. I may you be or get. St. 21. 5 Sk. rt. 5 having done. महन्तवलसहिया Sk. महाबलसहितौ accompained by a large army. Froarer Sk. rt, farctosa Started. पुराओ Sk. पुरतः from the city. जयसबग्ाहतूररचा 7. See Sub yoce 2.

·Or w Notes. 63 Sk. जयशब्दोपुष्टतूर्यरवी for whom the musical instruments were played upon along with the exclamations of victory. St. 22. पढमयरं Sk..प्रथमतरं first of all more early than. जणयतणयाण SK. जनकतनयानां of the sons of Janaka. जोयणाई Sk. योजने a. distance of two yojanas. Hecmurai Sk. 34 strai the distance between the two armies. 5114 Sk. rt. 7 (FT) there was. St. 23. रिखुपलसकरिसं Sk.रिपुवलशब्दोत्कर्ष the rising tumultuous noise of the hostile army, THEAT Skrt. He not tolerating, unable to put up with. जणयसनिया Sk. जनकसत्का: those that were with Janaka. Ta Sk. 9; Sun. मेहाण Sk. मेघानां of the clards. संघायं Sk. संघातं a collection. St. 24. आरियाण Sk. आर्याणाम् of the Aryans. दारुणो Sk. दारुणः very sanguinary. समावडियो Sk. rt. समा+पत् there took place. अन्नोन्नंसत्थपन्तिय-संघुट्टेन्तजालोहो Sk. अन्योन्यशन- Vertiaretragacita: the battle in which great flashes were rising up from the clash of the Tows of the weapons of each other. St. 25. after Sk, rt. Strate+yas sur rounded by. यहलतमसरिच्छेहिं Sk. यहलतमासः by the soldiers of the hostile army who resembled inky nothingness; mass of impone- ·54 Notes. on. who vero see Voce. trable darkness, gres Sk. rte ne marching समन्तसेन्नेणं Sk. सामन्तसन्येन with the soldiers of the subordinate princes. St. 26. i Sk. rt. 1 ( by those ) whose ranks were shattered. gori goi Sk. gar:94: after. This goes with the previous word it means often routed by the army of Janaka, परिवेढिओ Sk. परि + वेष्ट was surrounded. We have to take this with gaache i. e. who was surrounded by the Mlechehkas. Ta etc. sub Verse 23. St. 27. एयन्तरम्मि Sk. एतस्मिन्नन्तरे in the meanwhile. संपत्तो Sk. rt. सम् प्र+आप् arrived. appeared on the battlefield. St. 28. आसासिऊण Sk. rt. आ+श्यस् having consoled. fra Sk. like; as. Fur' Sk. rt. कृ does. विहयविद्धत्थं Sk. विहतविद्धस्तं slaughtered or massacred, St. 29. 97 Sk. rt. TT () darts. अणारियभडाणं Sk. अनार्यभटानाम् on the Non- Aryan soldiers. Post Sk. rt. T. It seems, appears. वरिसइ Sk. rt. वृप rains. सरयकाले Sk. शरदकाले in the autumn season. St. 30. निद्दयपहरुम्हवियं Sk. निर्दय प्रहारोप्मायितं 8. S. H. ag. 8-1-221. 9. S. H. : : 1 8-4-66.

·Notes. excited by the merciless onslaughts. मेच्छ. साहणं Sk. म्लेच्छसाधनं the army of the Mlechchhas, धावह Sk. rt. घाव् runs. St. 31. परहुत्तं Sk. परा +भू defeated. सयमेव SK. स्वयमेय himself. समुठेइ10 Sk. rt. सम्:स्था rises, girds up his loins for a fight. St. 82. केएत्थ Sk.केचिदत्र some, on this side. कज्जलामा Sk. कज्जलाभाr: black like collyrium. सुयपिच्छसमप्पमा Sk. शुकपिच्छसमप्रभा: hav. ing the colour of the feathers of a parrot. तम्बयवण्णा Sk, ताम्रवर्णाः haring the colour of copper. चामणदेहा Sk. वामनदेहा; dwarfs. चिबिड- नासा: Sk. चिपिटनास: flat-nosed. St. 88.चक्कलपत्तनियत्या Sk. वल्कलपत्रनिवस्राः whose garments consisted of leaves and barks. मणिमयकडिसुत्तयाभरणदेहाSk.मणिमयकटिसूत्राभरणदेहाः whose bodies were adorved with ornamentsgirdles set in with jewels. घाऊकयगरागा Sk. धातुरुताङ्गरागाः who had besmeared their bodies with red powder. विरइयसिरिमतरीकुसुमा St. विरचितश्रीमतरीकुमुमा : who bedecked with flowers etc. St. 34. समयं Sk. समकम् with जोहेहि Sk. योधः with warriors. दप्पियामरिसो Sk. दपिकामर्ष : wbose anger was due to his pride. St. 35. गयवसहसीहचिन्धा Sk. गजवृषभसिंहचिह्नाः 10. -S. R. उदष्ठ-करकुरी। 8-4-17. were

·56
Notes.
who had emblems of lion, bull and elephant.
सरसत्तिकरालकोन्तगहियकरा Sk. गृहितशरशक्तिकराल.
कुन्तकरा. who held in their hands dangerous
spears, clubs and arrors. जुज्झन्ति Sk, rt. युध
fight. खोहन्ता Sk.rt.शुभ् agitating : perburbing
exciting. अज्जववलोहं Sk. आर्यवली, the
army
of the Aryans. Janaka etc. St. 36. चावं Sk.
चाप bow. दुहाकयं Sk. द्विधा and rt, a smashed
into two pieces. गेण्हई Sk. rt. ग्रह takes
up. विरहो Sk. विरथ: pulled down from the
chariot.
St. 37. सरसत्तिचकमोग्गरसरसु Sk. शरशक्तिचक्रा-
मुद्गरशत: by hundreds of weapons, hammers,
discks, clubs, arroits etc. Featadt St. rt.
वि+ पट slaughtering.
St. 38. गरुयपहाराहओ Sk. गुरुमहाराहत: beaten
by heavy blows. कयो विमुहो Sk. कृत-विमुख. was
made to flee from the battle field. 12 नस्सह
Sk. rt. नश् disappears. विभग्गमाणो Sk.rt.वि+भज्
whose ranks were shattered पलोयन्तो Sk. rt.
प्रलोक looking arround.
St. 39. हयषियविप्परुद्धं Sk. हतविहतविप्ररुद्ध
which Fas scattered and obstructed on all sides.
St. 40. आवासिया Sk. rt. आ + याम् was
11. S. H. युध...ज्झ: 18. 4. 217.
12. S. H. ग्रह...अहिपञ्चाः। 8. 4. 209.
1B. S. H. शकादीनांद्वित्वम् । 8. 4. 230..

·Notes, 57 re-inhabited by people. भयविमुक्का Sk. भयविमुक्ता free from danger. चीसजिओ Sk. rt. वि + मृज् was bidden farewell, qreynt Sk. rt. # + FIT started. St. 41. पुरिसयारनिहसं Sk. rt. पुरुषकारनिकषं the touch-stone of manliness or we may take parte to mean fauna and translate it as quintessence of manliness.csui Sk. rt. One by the king who was pleased. निययधृया Sk. निजधूता his own daughter. St. 42. मणुस्सो Sk. मनुष्यः man. पावड Sk. rt. म आए obtains. वीरसत्तो Sk. वीरसत्वः ralrous. विस्वायकित्ती Sk.विख्यातकोतिः famous. ससी Sk. शशी moon. विमलप्पभायो Sk. विमलप्रभावः having unstained greatness. Here the poet has used intentionally his name. Thus ends the chapter no. 27. named " the description of the defeat of the Blechchhas in the Paumachariya. Ch. 28. St. 1. HFTOT Sk. rt. 7 (by Nárada ) trho was wandering. ET Sk. a daughter. पवररुवा . प्रवररूपा one who was of excellent beauty. St. 2. नहङ्गणं Sk. नमाङ्गणेन through the sky. Bra Sk. rt. E + haring flown. फनालोयणहिययो Sk. कन्यालोकनहृदय. rho had the ·68 Notes. : intention to look at the girl समल्लीणों Sk. rt. सम् + ली resorted to. St. 3. पविसरन्तं Sk. rt. : + विश् entering दीहजडामउडभामुरं Sk. दीर्घजटामुकुटमामुरं resplen: dent with the coronet and the long tuft of hair, भयविहलवेविरङ्गी Sk. भयविह्वलपिताङ्गी one whose limbs rere trembling and experiencing unrest due to fear. भवणोयरं Sk. भवनोंदरं the innermost recesses of the palace. St. 4. रिचन्तो Sh. rt. रि, री, ऋgoing. रुद्धो Sk. rt. रुथ् obstructed. कलहन्तो Sk. rt. कलह quarreling दारवालीहिं Sk. द्वारपालीभिः by the female gate-keepers. रायपुरिसैहिं SK. राजपुरुपै : by the royal serrants. St. b. हणह Sk. rt. हन् beat fererely. मुट्ठिपहरेहिं Sk, मुष्टिप्रहारैः by beating with the fists. भउन्विग्गमणो Sk. भयोद्विग्नमनाः one whose mind was anxious or dejected due to fear. नहो Sk. rt. ना disappeared. St. 6. आसत्यो Sk. आ+वस् consoled himself. Fara sur Sk. rt. Ferng to contemplate. पोढकुमारी Sk. प्रौढकुमारी the haughty or proud girl. बसणसमुहे Sk. व्यसनसमुद्रे in the ocean of miseries. निवाडेमि k rt. नि + पद shall drown her. St. 7. परिचिन्तिऊण Sr. rt. परि + चिन्त haring deliberated upon. उजाणहरे S. उद्यान. गृहे in the syIran abode; in the florat sport·otes. ing house. itergei Sk. Fare the image of Sita. घडे Sk. पटे on a slab of stone. लिहइ Sk. rt. fere draws, paints. St. 8. महप्पा Sk. महात्मा one who has a magnaminous soul. कीलणहेउं Sk. कीडनहेतुं for the purpose of pleasurable dalliance. St. 9. काणणहरे See sub voce St.7. समा. लिहियं Sk. rt. समा + लिख् drawn or painted. बिसण्णो Sk. It. वि + सद् dejected. St. 10. दीहुस्सासे Sk. दीर्घोच्छ्वासान् long or heavy sighs. सोयह $k. rt. शुन् berails, laments. पलवइ Sk. rt. प्र + लए deliriously raving. लहइ Sk. rt. लभ् obtains. चिन्तापरिग्गहिओ Sk. चिन्तापरिगृहित: affected by an anxiety. St. 11. मुसयन्धगन्धमल्लाइयाइ Sk. सुमुगन्धिगन्ध माल्यादीनि garlands and rery fragrant flowers. माहारमज्जणविहीमो Sk. आहारमजनविधीन् the ceremonies of taking bath and food. परिहायइ Sk. rt. परिहा going them; wasting in body. St. 12. नाऊण Sk. rt. झा haring known. मयणायथं Sk. मदनावस्थं love sick. दरिसणं Sk. दर्शनं appearance. वीसत्यो Sk. rt. वि + श्वसू having full confidence. St. अन्भुट्टिओ Sk. rt. अभि and उद् + स्था stood up in reverence. दिनासणोचविट्ठो Sr. rt. दत्तासनोपविष्टः sat on the seat after he was offered the same. निसामेहि Sk. rt. नि + शम् please hear.

·60
Notes.
seen.
St. 14. मणभिरामा Sk. मनोभिरामा pleasing
to the mind. जाणसि14 Sk. rt. शा dost know.
भूयत्थं Sk. भूतार्थ the truth. साहसु15 Sk. rt.
कथ् please tell. एरिसा Sk. ईदृशी such. धूया Sk.
धूता daughter.
St. 15. पुच्छिो Sk. rt. प्रच्छ, (पृच्छ्) asked;
questioned. पससन्तो Sk. rt. प्र + शंस् praising
इन्दकेउसुओ Sk. इन्द्रकेतुसुतः the son of Indraketi.
St. 16. पवरकन्ना Sk. प्रवरकन्या the best girl.
जोव्वणगुणाणुरुवा Sk. यौवनगुणानुरूपा like her
(Videha) in virtues and beauty.
St. 17. पेच्छिऊण Sk. rt. प्र + ईक्ष् having
आलेक्खे Sk. आलेख्ये in the picture.
विभमगुणा Sk. विभ्रमगुणा: bodily gestures. यष्णिउं
Sk, rt. वर्ण to describe, delineate. " तरइ16 Sk,
rt. शक् is able.
St. 18. कहिऊण Sk. rt. कथ् having told.
जहिच्छियं Sk, यथेच्छं according to his sweet
will.अतुरन्तो Sk. rt. अति + त्वर hastening.
दियहा Sk. दिवसान days. यम्महसरसल्लिओ Sk.
मन्मथशरशल्यित: who was made a target of, by
the arrows of Cupid. गमइ Sk. rt. गम् passes.
St. 19. कन्नारयणं Sk. कन्यारत्नं the best
among the girls. कईचएहि Sk. कतिपय: in a.
14. S. H. शो-जाण-मुणो। 8-4-7.
16. S. L. फयवेज्जर...साहा: 8-4-2.
16. S.म.शश्चयातरपाराः। 8-4-86.

·Notes. 61 few (days). फुडं Sk. स्फुट certainly. मयणभुयङगेण Sk. मदनभुजङ्गेन by the serpent in the form of Cupid. Sk. rt. I bitten. St. 20. सीयारूवविडियं Sk. सीतारूपविनाटितं maddened by the beauty of Sita. Ve Sk, पाय near. फताए Sk. कान्तया with the queen. St, 21. दुक्खिओ Sk. rt. दुःख afficted. वरेमि Sk. rt. Į seek the hand of the girl in marriage. गन्तुं Sk. rt. गम् having gone. तुज्झ Sk. तय Your. St. 22. संथाविऊण Sk. rt. सम् + स्था having eased or appeased him. Taun Sk. Arna: to his own. ( queen). St. 23. भूमिगोयरनिलय Sk. भूमिगोचरनिलयं the place of those whose movements are confined to the earth only. जुज्जए Sk. rt. युज् befits; behoves, चयणसिरी Sk. बदनश्री the splendour of the face, Sk. TFHS our. St. 24. अकालहीणं Sk. अकालहीनं without loss of time. उवायं Sk. उपायं Way; पत्थेव Sk. अत्रैव. here. ठिओ Sk. rt. स्था remain. ing (here). EMFH Sk. HT + oft fetch. St. 26. एयन्ते Sk. एकान्ते in private. दुक्ख- माईयं Sk दुग्यादि everything including the mental pain of Bhanandala. St. 26. सामिआणाए Sk. स्वाभ्याशया by the royal behest आसरुवं Sk. अश्वरूपं equestrian a means.

·62 Notes. form. वित्तासन्तो Sk. rt. वि + त्रस् terrifying लोयं Sk. लोकं the earth. St. 27. उद्दामयं Sk. उद्दामं haughty, नयरमज्झे Sk. नगरमध्ये in the heart of the city. अदिहपुवं Sk. saugh not seen before. St. 28. पग्गहकरहिं Sk. प्रग्रहकरैः by the grooms holding reins in their hands. fast Sk. rt. स्था housed. मन्दुराए Sk. मन्दुरायाम् in the stable. कुमचञ्चिकछुरियङ्गो Sk. कुडुमचचिंतछुरि- ats: one (horse) whose limbs were besmeared and adorned with the red sacred and auspicious powder. चर्चित and छुरित mean मण्डित and fon respectively. St. 29. निव Sk. नृपं to the king गयवरपयवा- सिओ Sk. गजवरप्रतापत्रासित: frightened or terrified by the strength of the great elephant. It has been suggested to me that at times a in the Mss reads a and hence the Sk. equivalent can be trecifra: i. e. frightened by the foosteps i. e. movements of the great elephant. I mainly rely on this that प्रताप cab be पयव and त्रासित as तासित and finally आसिअ: St. 30. परावणो Sk. ऐरावत: the celestial elephant of Indra. थोवन्तरेण Sk. स्तोकान्तरेण Sk. in a short while aurait Sk. rt. IĘ being _caught. कढिणदप्पं SK. कठिनदर्प haughty. 17. S. H. 9:1 8-4-256.

·Notes. 68 St. 81. पत्तो Sk. rt. प्र + आए reached. पएसं Sk. प्रदेशं place. St. B2. सरसि Sk. सरसि in a lake. दुग्गे Sk. दुर्गे (in a place) difficult to be reached किंचि Sk. कंचित् some one. बलपरिहत्थं Sk. यलपरिपूर्ण strong enough. विलग्गामि Sk. rt. वि + लग् catch hold of. St. B. उवणीओ Sk. rt. उप + नी brought मोत्तण Sk. rt. मुच् (मुञ्च ) having dismounted from, St. 34. हाहारवं महल्लं काऊण Sk. महान्तं हाहारवं चा ng raised a hue and cry ayi Sk. स्वपुरं to their Capital, St. 35. योलेऊणं18 Sk. rt. वि & अति + फ्रम् having passed over. जिणालयासन्ने SK. जिनालय- समीपे near the temple dedicated to Jina. पायवसाहार Sk. पादपशाखायां in a branch of tree. आलग्गो Sk. rt. आ + लग clasped fast धणियं Sk. धनिकं fast. St. 36. ओइण्णो अव+तृ descended. कञ्चणामयं Sk.. कांचनमय golden. वरपासाय Sk. परप्रासाद the best palace. उब्भासन्तं Sk. rt. उद् + भास् making the directions resplendent. तुझगं Sk. तुझं towering. St. 37. आयडिऊण Sk. आ + कृष् having unsheathed. गोउरं Sk. गोपुरं the entrance. arit Sk. arft a well. 18. S. H. गमेः बोल...अपहराः। 8-4-161. a ·64 Notes. St. 38. नाणाविहमणिमऊयजलियं Sk. नानाविध. Afuture triferi lustrous on account of the rays of different sorts of jewels. वासगेह Sk. वासगृहं ( ? ) वासगेहं the palace or divine residence. सग्गाउ Sk. स्वर्गात् from the heaven. St. 89. सीहासणट्टियं Sk. सिंहासनस्थितां sitting on a throne. पडिम Sk. प्रतिमा idol. आइ. गरस्स Sk. आदिकरस्य of the Lord आदिकर. आदी प्राथम्येन श्रुतधर्मागरादि ग्रन्धात्मकं करोति - तदर्थ प्रणायकत्वेन प्रणयतीत्येवंशोल: आदिकरः cf Abhyadera. on Samavayanga. दीहजडामउडकयसोई Sk. दीर्घ- जटामुकुटकृतशोभा which was bedecked with a coronet and long tuft of hair. St. 40 रइऊण अञ्जलिउड Sk. रचयित्वा अञ्जलिपुटं having folded his hands in a form of reverence. ओमुच्छिओ Sk. It अघ + मूर्छ fainted समा- सत्यो Sk. It. समा + श्वस् brought to his senses. पययमणसो Sk, प्रयतमनाः with active wind. थुइ. मालविहागं Sk. स्तुतिमङ्गलविधानं Singing the au. spicious panegyrics. St. 41.किइकम्म Sk, कृतिकर्म Salutation and reverencing i. e. चन्दनकं. विम्हयो Sk. rt. विस्मि astonished. विय SK. अपि च and also St. 42 सामिचलणे Sk. स्वामिचरणे teet of his Lord. अवहियं St. अप + ह. abducted जिपहरासन्ने Sk. जिनगृहसमीपे in the vicinity of the temple of Jina St. 43. बिज्जाहराहियो Sk. विद्याधराधिपः the ।

·66 Nules, who is the destroyer of the • "obstruoting actions," death, old age, birth etc. आयरेण Sk. आदरेण with respect. St. 48 सयंभू Sk. स्वयंभू: Self created. चउ. म्मुहो Sk. चतुर्मुखः four-faced God. Brahma. विण्हु St. विष्णु: God Vishnu. तिलोयणो Sk.त्रिलो. चनः God Shankara. अणन्तसोक्खामलदेहधारिणो Sk. अनन्तसौख्यामलदेहधारी one whe has a body which is stainless, and of unlimited happiness. सयंपवुद्धो Sk. स्वयंप्रबुद्धः one who is self enlight. ened. घरधम्मदेसओ SR. धरधर्मदेशकः one who is a preacher of an excellent religion. St. 49. सुरनरससिरविमहियं Sk. सुरनरशशिरवि- महितं to one who is respected by sun, moon, and Gods. वहुविहगुणसयवरसिरिनिलयं Sk. वहुविधगुणशतवरश्रीनिलयं to one who is the abode of the best prosperity and hundreds of various virtues. अणुवमअचलियसिवसुहफलयं Sk. अनुपमाचलितशियमुखफलं to one who gives incomparable and permanent welfare.;सरण Sk. शरणं resort. St. 50. केरणुज्जयधम्मपहस्स Sk.'करणोद्यतधर्मपथस्य of that path of Religion which is chararacterised by readiness for action. गुरुकम्म- महोयहिसोसणयं Sk. गुरुकर्ममहोदधिशोपनकं who dries up the big ocean of actions.भयदोग्गइमग्गप- णासयरं .Sk. भवदुर्गतिमार्गप्रणाशकर, to .ong , who men .

·Notes: 67 - destroyes tho vay to endless cycle of births in this world. जियमच्छररागमयं SK. जितमत्सररागभयं to one sio has conquerred foar, attachment pride etc. St. 51. faforiferat Sk. rt. fat + ferre camo out. समालतो Sk. rt. समा + लए talked. St. 2. फाहिं Sk. पुत्र where यथयो Sk. पास्तम्यः residence. जिणाययगे Sk. जिनायतने in tho tomplo of Jina. St63 अयं Sk. यहम् I. दरि Sk. rt. ह haring been abductod. मायानुरगं Sk. मायानुरगेन by a inagcini horse. St. 4. संमासियमयविणया Sk.संभाषितरतधिनयों the two king4 wlio had shown respect for cach otlıor an oxchanged gooi words out. ually. EURTET Sk. TATİ: in two guspi. cious chairs or EAN: in two caly chairs. पोपमुदा Sk. प्रोतिममुग्नों full of lore पेसम्मममाः TOT Sk. faucamarerit tho tiro kings wlio talkod to each other with great confidence. St. 0.7, foi Sk. liri tho kin. Jicet Sk. ia daughter. St. :39. fg St. rt. Ti mnay slio b giron to. #ETI Sh. 45 lcfitting. Trofi Sk. tr: 764 meanų much. w Sk. rt. Invoured.

·66 Notes. who is the destroyer of the obstruoting actions," death, old age, birth etc. आयरेण Sk. आदरेण with respect. St. 48 सयंभू Sk. स्वयंभू: Self created. चउ. ममुहो Sk. चतुर्मुखः four-faced God. Brahma. विण्हु St. विष्णु: God Vishnu. तिलोयणो Sk.त्रिलो. चनः God Shankara. अणन्तसोक्खामलदेहधारिणो Sk. अनन्तसौख्यामलदेहधारी one whe has a body which is stainless, and of unlimited happiness. सयंपयुद्धो Sk. स्वयंप्रवुद्धः one who is self enlightened. वरधम्मदेसओ Sk. वरधर्मदेशक: one who is a preacher of an excellent religion. St. 49. सुरनरससिरविमहियं Sk. सुरनरशशिरवि- महितं to one who is respected by sun, moon, and Gods. बहुविहगुणसयवरसिरिनिलयं - Sk. बहुविधगुणशतवरश्रीनिलयं to rone who is the abode of the best prosperity and hundreds of various virtues. अणुवमअचलियसिवसुहफलयं' - Sk. अनुपमाचलितशियसुखफलं to one who gives incomparable and permanent welfare., सरण Sk. शरणं resort. St. 50.किरणुज्जयधम्मपहस्स Sk.करणोद्यतधर्मपथस्य of that path of Religion which is chara. racterised by readiness for action. गुरुकम्म महोयहिसोसणयं Sk. गुरुकर्ममहोदधिशोपनकं who dries up the big ocean of actions. भयदोग्गइमग्गए- णासयरं Sk. भवदुर्गतिमार्गप्रणाशकरं. to .ong } who mon ·Notes: 67 destroyes the way to endless cycle of births in this world. जियमच्छररागभयं Sk. जितमत्सररागभयं to one who has conquerred fear, attachment pride etc. St. 61. निष्फिडिओ Sk. rt. नि + स्फिट् came out समालतो Sk. rt. समा + लम् talked. St. 62. कहिं Sk. कुत्र where वत्थवो Sk. वास्तव्यः residence. जिणाययगे Sk. जिनायतने in the temple of Jina. St 53 अहयं Sk. अहम् I. हरि Sk. rt. ह having been abducted. मायातुरङ्गेणं Sk. मायातुरगेन by a magcial horse. St. 4. संमासियकयविणया Sk. संभापितकृतविनयी the two kings who had shown respect for each other and exchanged good words mutually. सुहासणेसु Sk. शुमासनयोः in two auspicious chairs or सुखासनयोः in two easy chairs. पोइपमुहा Sk. प्रोतिप्रमुखौ full of love वेसम्भसमा. गयालाया Sk. विश्रम्भसमागतालापौ the two kings who talked to each other with great confidence. St. 5. पत्थियं Sk, पार्थि the king. दुहिया Sk. दुहिता daughter. St. 56. दिज्जउ St. rt. दा may she be given to. यगुरूचा Sk. अनुरूपा befitting. गादम्हि Sk. गाढम् गाढम् means much. अणुग्गहिओ Sk. rt. अनु + ग्रह favoured.

·68 Notes. one with a St. 67. TAUTT Sk. एकमनाः steady mind. St. 68. पुणो Sk. पुनः once-more कोउयं Sk. au curiosity. St. 69. धणसमिद्धजणपउरो Sk. धनसमृद्धजनप्रचुर abounding in men and prosperous. Fantezit Sk, rt, fa + 75T devastated. St, 60. qera Sk, rt.7 + g. began; commenced. निज्जिया Sk. rt. निर् + जि conquered. रक्खससमाणसत्ता Sk. राक्षससमानसत्वाः Strong like the Rakshasas. foragfra Sk. rt. For are conquerred. St. 61. पसाएणं Sk. प्रसादेन by his grace. Epureanufeguunt Sk. Etacrayfequi: full of jewels and wealth. St. 62. उबयारस्स Sk. उपकारस्य for the obligation. रुवजोव्बणगुणोहा Sk. रुपयौवनगुणौघा a. heap of virtues, youth and beauty. The word it means here that she was extremely virtuous etc. Fifer Sk, rt. Frey told, narrated. गुज्झं Sk. गुह्य secret. St. 63, TTTET Sk, Ti aur: much excited, exasperated. कज्जाकजं Sk. कार्याकार्य the things that should be done and those that should be avoided. Grefa St. rt. 7 dost see, mark. St. 64. AE Sk. rt. is done; accomplished. पसवसरिच्छेसु Sk, पशुसदः by those ·Notes. 69 that are (weak) like animals. The word पसर is देशो it means a deer and hence we can say TERRES: by those that are deerlike i. e.extremely weak. Etretag Sk. Baterca: by those who have a low vitality. St. 65. कायस्स Sk. फाफस्य of the crow. सुकरुक्खे Sk. शुष्कवृक्षे in a tree having leaves and branches dried up.' Hitit Sk. att contact. St. 66. परिचयसु Sk. rt. परि + त्यस् please abandon कुसंबंधं Sk, कुसंबंध bad 'relations. नेह Sk He affection. St. 67. व्यSk. इव like. संपयाए Sk. संपदा by wealth or in wealth. TOUT Sk. Turat con. sideration. पायचारेणं SK. पादचराणाम् of those that walk on feet. St. 68. fshata Sk, rt. afa + HOT retorted. निन्दह Sk. rt- निन्द् censure. तित्थयरचकयट्टी Sk. ait: prophet. This title is peculiar to the Jains. The Buddhists have used it in the sense of faise teachers. There have been 24 such prophets among the Jains and Maha. vira is the last of them.30 St. 69. ique Sk. rt. y having enjoyed. इक्खागपंससंभूया Sk. इक्ष्वाकुवंशसंभूताः born in the Ikshvaku race. असुरसुरनमियचलणा Sk, असुरसु- 20 Dr. Buhler. Indian Sect of Jainas.

·70 Notes. Tafacer: whose feet have been worshipped by Gods and Demons. St. 70. गम्मे Sk. गर्भ in the womb. पढमपुरीए Sk. Tragar in the first city i: e. Ayodhya. St. 71. रूवगुणसालिणीणं Sk: रूपगुणशालिनीनाम् of those who had virtues and beauty. 93 Sk. पञ्चशतानि five hundred पधरजुवइणं Sk. प्रवर- युवतीनां of the best girls. चत्तारि Sk:चत्वारः four. St. 72. विकमगुणं Sk. विक्रमगुणान् virtues and valour वरकन्ना Sk. वरकन्या the bestgirl. St.7B. निच्छयं Sk, निश्चयं determination. अम्हं Sk. अस्माकं our गब्बं Sk. गर्व pride. समुवहसि Sk. rt. 74 + E dost bear (pride). St. 74. OFFRÁ Sk. ará (the bow) which is adamantine like Vajra and circular. TTÜ Sk. Seit which has been protected: Fue Sk. वशीकरोति' controls, कयत्यो Sk: कृतार्थः one who has fulfilled his conditions, St. 75, at Sk. ** how ? St. 76. Groei Sk. rt. We having taken. gf Sk. hastened. St. 77. कोषसोई Sk. कृतोपशोभं which is adorned. जयसदुग्घुटमगलरवेण Sk. जयशब्दोपुर Afecta With the auspicious sounds con ting of the exolmaations of Victory. St. 78. fafaransaTETT Sk. Rafaalyztcarf: equipped with various weapons, senterar Sk. rt. स्वर ·Notes. 71 rt. मा + घम् were: accomodated. बाहिरुदेते. पहिरदेशे on outskirts.of the city. St. 79. सेयरबसमो-Sk. खेचरवशगः one who was under the control of the Vidydharas. पणमादप्पदप्पउच्छाहो.. Sk. प्रणटमाहात्म्यदर्पोरसाह: one whose enthusiagm, pride and greatness were belittled (by the Vidyadharas) चिन्तेई Sk. rt. चिन्त् contemplates. St..80. निवसया Sk. नृपसकाशं near the king झायसि Sk rt. ध्ये dost think of महिलि Sk. महिलां a woman. St. 81. Fac i Sk. afrai woman, Hutur Sk. मनसा in the mind. St. 82. कन्तं SR. कान्तां to his Queen. अमु- णियकज्जा Sk. अशातकायां one Who does not know what is to be done. St. 83. तेण फल्लि Sk. तम्मिन् कल्ये or फाल्ये at that time. समशं SK. समयं condition. परि- मुमो Sk. rt. परि + मुन् get free. St. 84. कादिर Sk. rt. p. vill do. होही Sk. rt. भू will be मेपणं Sk. भेदेन by any other means. St. 83. अयनेण Sk. अधन्येन by my uniortunato self. धन्दायत्येण Sk. धन्यवस्थेन by me who in the state of a captive. The word यन्द, यन्दी aro equal to Sk. यन्दिन् and 21. S. H. प्या-गोहांगी। 8..4. 6. . - Was - ·72 Notes. 4. Hala has used this word thrice in his Saptas'ati. Cf. Dr. Weber's note in his edition: St. 86. सज्जीवं SK. सज्यं ready with the bow-string. PERSHTEE Sk. rt. E will be taken away. संदेहो Sk. संदेहः doubt. St. 87. TIE Sk fazla: twenty. Het Sk. अवधि: limit. नियमा Sk. नियमात् certainly as agreed. नेहिन्ति Sk.rt. नी will lead aray. बला- धियारेणं Sk. बलाधिकारेण forcibly; with the force of the army. St. 88. सोगपूरियसरीरा Sk. शोकपूरितशरीरा one who is afflicted with dejection. Trafas Sk. rt. परि + देय to lament. नयनमलासित्तथणजुयला Sk. नयनजलासिक्तस्तनयुगला one whose pair of breasts was wet with the shedding of tears. St. 89. दहवस्स Sk. देवस्य of Fate. अभाग- धेज्जाए Sk. अभागिन्या by my unfortunate self. बहुदुषखनिलयं Sk. बहुदुःखनिलय abode of much pain, misery. Farfurrfi Sk. rt. fe & FE + HI was created. St. 90. धूचं Sk. धूतां daughter. हरिऊण Sk. rt. @ to carry off. उज्जओ Sk. rt. उद् with यम् became ready. अवलम्बणं Sk. अवलम्बन support. St. 91. पावकम्मा Sk. पापकमिणी one who does sinful acts. Tautori Sk. Toa more painful. विइयं Sk. द्वितीयं another. विहिणा Sk. विधिना by fate. St. 92. Great Sk. rt. to. the crying ·Notes. 78 Queen. छ?हि2 Sk. मुच् please refrain from (crying). नचावेइ Sk. rt. नृत् makes dance. समत्थं Sk. समस्तं all; the whole. पुवकयं Sk. पूर्वकृतं past actions. St. 93. समन्तओ Sk. समन्तत: arround. फय मण्डणाडोवा Sk. कृतमण्डनाटोपा which was very much adorned. St. 94. सयंवरत्ये Sk, स्वयंवरार्थ for the choice-marriage. पेसिओ Sk. rt. प्रेए was sent. साएयपुरी Sk. साकेतपुरी to Saketa. St. 96. भडचडयरेण Sk. भटचटकरी with his retinue consisting of the people of various ranks. समणुपत्तो Sk. rt. सम् & अनु & प्र + आए arrived, reached. St, 96. संमाणिया Sk. rt. सम् + मन् welcomed, received cordially. Thalaimui Sk. प्रसन्नहदयेन by him whose heart was pleased. St. 97, सव्यालंकारभूसियसरीरा Sk. सर्वालंकार- भूपितशरीरा whose bodies were bedecked with all sorts of ornaments. सयासणेमु Sk. रचिता. सनेषु in the seats which wero previously arranged. परियणसमग्गा Sk. परिजनसमग्राः accompanicd by the follovers or attondants. St. 98. धणुभवणे Sk. धनुर्भवने in the palaco where the bor ras kopt. नरिन्दयसमे Sk. नरेन्द्र वृषमान् the best Kings. कयमण्डणाडोवे Sk. पृत- 22. S. H. मुचेरछा...1 8-4-91. also 397.

·174
Notes.
मण्डनाटोपान् who had adorned themselves
lavishly.
St. 99. कञ्चई SK. कञ्चुकी the chamberlain.
देवकुमारोवमसिरीओ Sk. देवकुमारोपमधीकः ·are
whose splendour is like that of a divine
prince.
St. 100. अणुओ Sk. अनुजः younger one.
समीवे SK. 'समीप near.
St. 101. 102. In these-stanzas the names
of various kings are enumerated..They are,
हरिवाहनः, मेघप्रभः चित्ररथः, मन्दिरः, जयः, श्रीकान्त,
.दुर्मुखः, भानुः, सुभद्रः, बुधः, विशालः, धीरः, अचलः, बन्धु
शिखी, शूरः
St, 108. विसुद्धकुलसंभवा Sk. . विशुद्ध कुलसंभवाः
born of family girl of stainless reputation.
त्यरतणू Sk. घरतनो or नु oh lady of a beautiful
. physique. धणुपरिक्खाए Sk..धनुः परीक्षार्थम् for the
inspection of the bow.
St. 104. समुल्लवियं St. rt. . सम् & उद्+लप
was declared. वरणीओ Sk, rt.- वृ Chosen.
St. 105. gferi Sk. rt, gta to approach.
निम्मजियपरियरावेढा Sk. निर्मार्जितपरिकरावेष्टिता: who
bad girded up their loins vith clean girdles
St. 106. विजुच्छडासरिच्छं Sk. विद्युच्च्छटासदृक्ष
like the flashes of lightning भीमोरगमुनीसास
Sk..भीमोरगमुक्तनिःश्वासं like the t exhaling of

·Notes. 751 venomous the breath of dangerous and serpents. St. 107. 4*311FT St. rt. +7 having covered. भजन्ति Sk. rt. भज् run away. पडिवहेणं । Sk. araya by a. wrong way. Sa Sk. rt. crossing. St. 103. फुरन्तपन्नयाडो SK. स्फुरत्पन्नगाटोपं 'the sight in which the garpents wero seon to be much excited. frafra Sk.rt. Tror Shaking. पणहवाया Sk, प्रणयाच: who were benumbed. PEAT Sk. fedraai who did not know the direction to go away. St. 109. पन्नयवायाभिहया Sk. पनगवातामिहताः who were over-powored by the furious halations of the serpents. घत्तिया Sr. rt. क्षि thrown aside. थम्मिया Sk. rt. स्तम्भ stunned. St. 110 जीवन्तया Sk. rt. जोर living. दाहामो Sk, rt. दा vill give. दोणकिधिगाणं Sk.दीनपणेभ्यः to poor and pitiablo persons. St. 111, After Sk. Afcatfit: with(our) Quoong. Wat Sk. arguar with tho boautiful brido, 112. अउण्णेणं Sk. अपुण्येन by a wrotch. मरणहेडं Sk. मरणहेतुं the cause of death. St. 118. चलन्तकुण्डलमउडालंकारभूसियसरीरो Sk. THEITSTHtafrazac: ono Who'o body was adorned by ornamonts, and & GYcroin

·16
Notes.
shaking ear-ornarment. गयवरगामी Sk. गजवरगामी
one whose gait is like that of an elophant.
St. 114. निययसहावटिया Sk. निजस्वभावस्थिताः
regained their original nature. परसोमा Sk,
परमसौम्याः extremely quiet. विगयजालं Sk. विगत.
ज्वालं from which the flashes had disappeared.
सहसत्ति Sk. सहसाइति at once.
St. 115. लोहपी Sk. लोहपीठे on the iron
slab. रयरेणुतमोच्छयं Sk. रजोरेणुतमोच्छ्रयं in which
there was darkness arround and dust and
minute particles. गयणं Sk. गगनं Sky. firmament
St. 116. विवरीय Sk. विपरीतं in the opposite
direction सरियाओ Sk. सरितः rivers. उकातडि.
च्छडालं SK. उल्कातडिच्छटालं in which
seen flashes of lightning, and brands of
fire. दिसायकं SK. दिशाचक्रं the directions.
St. 117. निग्धाया Sr. निर्घाता: thundering
noises. पण तेओ Sk. प्रणयतेजाः din
St. 118. पलयावत्ते Sk. प्रलयायत the time of
destruction of the world. जए Sk. जगति in
the world. विलमइ3 Sk. rt. आरोप bends पञ्चक्खं
Sk. प्रत्यक्षं in their presence.
St. 119. कुसुमवरवास Sk. कुसमवर व Shorer
of the best flowers. जंपमाणा Sk. कय् (जल्यू)
Shouting
23. S. H. आरोपर्यल... 47.
Tere

·Notes.
77
St. 120. अप्फालियं Sk. आस्फालितं dashed on
the ground. यरहिणेहि Sk. यहिंभिः by the pea.
cocks. नवपाउसमेहसकाए Sk. नवप्रावृण्मेघशङ्कया
doubting it to be the thunderings that
presage the arrival of the train.
St. 121. खुहिमओ St. rt. क्षुभ् agitated. जणनि-
घहो Sk. जननिवहः the crowd of the spectators
that had gathered there पसयच्छी Sk. प्रसृताक्षी
a lady with elongated eyes.
St. 122. उल्लसियरोमकुवा Sk. उल्लसितरोमापा
who experienced feeling of horripilation.
सिणेहसंधजणियपरिओसा Sk. स्नेहसंबधजनितिपरितोपा
one who is satisfied with the mutual rela.
tionship conducing to affoction
love.
लीलाए Sk. लीलया gracefully.
St. 123. ओयारिऊण Sk. rt. अव+तृ having
taken down. सुहनिविहो Sk. सुखं निविष्टः sat down
with ease. रेदह Sk. rt. राज appears beautiful.
रासाहीणो Sk. रतिसहितः accompanied by Rati.
St 124. सहरिसेणं Sk. सहर्षण.joyfully. पक्खु-
मियसमुनिग्योस Sk. प्रक्षुभितसमद्रनिर्घोपं liko tho
terrible sound of an agitated ocean.
St. 125. देन्ति Sk. rt. दा giro (in marriage)
अहारसपवरकनायो Sk. अष्टादशप्रयरकन्याः 18. rery
good girls.
21. S. H. राजेरग्य...रेदाः 8. 4. 100.
or

·78. Notes: St: 126: वित्तन्ते Sk.- वृत्तान्तः the incident. दुम्मणो जाओ Sk. दुर्मनाः जातः was dejected. in his mind. St. 127. दढसत्तिकन्तिपडिपुण्णं sk. दृढशक्ति' कान्तिपरिपूर्ण possessing beauty and formida.. blo strength. लोइडं Sk. rt, शुच्. to lament पडियुद्धो Sk: प्रतिबुद्ध : knowing. St. 128. गोतं Sk. गोत्रं race. दोण्ह Sk. द्वयो: of both of us. नवरं Still, however. अन्भुयकम्मो Sk. अद्भूतकर्मा doer of wonderful deeds. परलोय- सुकरणं. Sk. परलोकसुकतेन by good actions in the previous life. St. 129. पउमदलसरिसनयण St. पद्मदलसहशनयना one whose eyes are like lotus. TIH TEH RASTET Sk. पद्मगर्भसंकाशा onewhose body is as soft as the inner portion of a lotues, St:.180. संबकलागमकुसला Sk. सर्वकलागमकुशल।। who was proficient in all arts. Farhus Sk. विमनर्स dejected. ददयस्स Sk. दयिताय to her be. loved husband. सम्भावं Sk. सद्भावं. the' inner thoughts in the mind of Bharata. St. 131. मए Sk. मया by me. निन्वेयं Sk. निर्वेद dejection. उवेइ Sk. rt. उप+इ approach i.e. is ( dejected ). St. 132. अस्थि Sk. rt. अस् there is. भाया Sk. भ्राता brother.

·Notes. 179 St. 133. Nes Skirt.-yu may she jbe proclaimed. a Sk. 19.to-day. St. 134. ATT.Sk. lat story, matter. Fica- सेसा Sk निरवशेषम् · fully, completely. पडिच्छिया .Sk. rt. afa + accepted, "St. -135. निवेसं Sk. निवेशं home. तहिं Sk. aft4 there. St. 136. Offsur Sk. Of + < having loft off. er Sk. rt. I chooses. St. 137. अञ्चन्तविसमभावं Sk. अत्यन्तविपमभावं extremely complicated nature of actions. खलाण Sk. खलानां of bad actions. भज्जाए Sk. भार्यया by his wife. चिमोहिमओ Sk. rt. वि + मुह disillusioned. St. 188. विलक्खवयणा Sk. विलक्षवदनाः those who wore looking aghast. galafeur Sk. get विहिता dostined. उवणमह Sk. rt. उप + नम् becomes, gots. St. 139. TUTTTT Sk. rt. Oft + at way married. निओगकरणेणं Sk. नियोगकरणेन it is equal to Arat it means by tho command, charge or appointed task. ( Seo Raghuramsa ). St. 140. वीवाहमगुस्सयं Sk. विवाहमहोत्सवं tho fcasts and ceremonios in connection with marriages of tho princesses. HIETATII Sk. TETAPAHAT: accompaniod by their rotique.

·80
Notes.
St. 141. यलदप्पिया Sk. घलदपिकाः proud of
their strength. जणसेविया Sk. जनसेविता served
upon by people. विमलकित्तिघरा Sk. विमलकीतिधराः
who have stainless reputation.
Thus ends the chapter no. 28 named,
" the Acquisition of the best bow by Rama
and Lakshmana in the Paumachariya.
11

·Notes. Traditional Esplanations of Some of the Technical Terms Occaring in the Text. 1 Ch. 27. St. 3. TITITET Indrabhuti as the head of the eleren direct pupils of Jahavira. (i) समयस्स मगरयो महावीरस्स पहारसा गणहरा होन्या, तं दमूई, अग्गिमूई, पायुभूई, वियत्ते, सोहम्मे, मंडिय, मोरियपुत्ते, अपिर, अयलमार, मेयजे, पमासे cf समयायाग सूत्र ११. (ii) पकारसवि गगहरे etc. com. अनुत्तरं शानदर्श- नादि धर्मगणं धारयन्तीति गणघरा: cf श्रीमद्रयाहु- कृतावश्यकसुत्रनियुक्ति and मलयगिरिकृत विवरण thereon. (i) एकारस उ गणारा वीरजिणिदस्स etc. श्री मद्याहु कृवावश्यकमननियुकि. २९१. गणघरास्तु मूलसूत्र कतार 2 Ch. 27. St 12. (i) सेवन्ते-उपासन्ते श्रमणान् ये ते उपासका:-भावकाः ch समयदेवकृतटीका on समवायाङ्ग सूत्र ११. (ii) धाम्यतीति शमणः। धाम्यतीति-तपस्यतोति-प्रवज्या- दिवसादारभ्य सकलसावद्ययोगविरती गुरुपदेशाद- रानादि यथाशक्त्याऽऽप्राणोपरमात्तपश्चरतीति, उतच सर्वभूतेषु असेषु स्थावरेषु च । तपश्चरति शुद्धात्मा श्रमणोऽसौ प्रकीर्तितः ।। com. यः समः ·Notes. 83 8Ch.28. St. 48. (i) सयंभू । स्वयंभूः स्वयमात्मनैव परोपदेशनिरपेक्षतया- वगततत्वो भवतीति स्वयंभूः । cf. मल्लीपेणरुतस्या- द्वादमञ्जरी on अन्ययोगव्यवच्छेदिकाद्वात्रिंशिका St. 1. (ii) सयपबुद्धो । स्वयंप्रबुद्धः-स्वयंसम्युद्धः । स्वयम्- आत्मनैव नान्योपदेशतः सम्यग्युद्धो हेयोपादेयवस्तुतत्वं विदितवानिति स्वयसम्बुद्धः । cf. अभयदेवतटीका on समवायसूत्र Mahavira is also praised, in the Jaina Scriptures, in the same strain, See. समवायसूत्र १. ज्ञाताधर्मकथा १. उपासकदशा ७. 9 Ch. 28. St. 68. तीर्यतेऽनेनेति तोथ; तीर्थ कुर्वन्तीति तीर्थकरा; cf. मलयगिरिकृतविचरण on श्रीमद्वाहुकृतावश्यक- सूचनियुक्ति. THE END.

·as Translation. Chapter 27. N. B.-The Verbs in the historical present tense are translated those in the past tense and the speeches are reproduced, as they are, in the direct form, to facilitate the cltar understanding of the text. Then the king of the Dagadha conntry, with his mind wonderstruck and attention undivided, asked the Muni, after having offered due salutations :-" Please narrate to mo the story of Rama. What greatness did Janaka, the best among kings, see in Ramă that he betrothed the beautiful, virtuous and youthful Sita to him?" (1. 2.) Then the head of the Ganadharas replied:-"Oh kiog Shrenika listen to the (narration of the brare ) deed, for which, king Janaka betrothed his daughter Sita to Rama (9). There were many countries,' full of cities and collections of villages, to the north of the mountain Kailasa and to the south of the mountain Vaitarlhya. (4). There was ono country, named, Ardhabarbara, barbarous and inlabited by Jiechchlag who vero self-indnlgent and morally bankrupts. (5). Thero in the city, pamed, Vukuramala, teem- ·2 Translation. were other ing with the Mlechchbas, ruled a king, named, Ayaranga, possessing formidable strength like Yama (6). There countries, named, Kamboja, Shuka, Kapota etc, inhabited by the Shabaras. The kings who ruled there were the sons of Ayaranga. (7). Once upon a time, the Barbara king, fully equipped with the army of the Kiratas, started to devastate the kingdom of Janaka. (8). King Janaka, having heard of the devastation of his kinndom at the hands of the Anaryas, sent a messenger, fleet of foot, to king Dasharatha. (9). Having gone to Dasharatha and having paid liim due respect, the messenger told him all about the invasion of the Mlechchhas, the devastation of the country and whatever else that he directed to narrate. (10). The messenger told him :-"Oh king! Janaka, loving his people, after paying due respeet, humbly informs you thus :--'My country is devas. tated by the army of Ardhabarbara; many laymen and saints are killed; temples dedi. cated to Jina are demolished; hence oh Lord.' hasten without loss of time for defence." (11. 12). When this was told to him, he-the bull among Kings i.e. the best of the kings, having called Rama, began to give away his was ·4 Translation. song l'he two Princes, having bowed down to their father, accompanied by a large army and in whose honour there were shouts of victory and musical instruments were played upon, started from their capital. (21). Then there was a distance of two yojanas between the two armies; the one of the of Janaka which had gone before { and the other of Rama ). (22). The brare soldiers on the side of Janaka, unable to endure the victorious sounds of the enemy, tried to break through the ranks of the enemy, like the sun that penetrates through a host of clouds. (23). The battle of the Mlechchhas and the Aryas was quite sanguinary; there were flashes of light due to the hard clashing of the lines of veapons of soldiers on both the sides. (24) Karaka was surrounded by the Mlechchhas who were dark like thick darkness; [ at that time ] Janaka proceeded further with the army of his subordinate princes. (25). Then Janaka vas surrounded often by the soldiers of the enemy who were scattered, just as the sun is often times covered up by a collection of clouds (26). At that time, Rama accompanied by Lakshmana and equipped with a large army, suddenly arrived of the near the army ·Translation. an Bilcchchbag. (27). Having consolcd Janaka, Rama completely killed that largo number of tlio soldiers of the enemy, just as clophant would domolish clustors of lotusos in a lake. (23). At that timo Lakshmana also showerod his arrows on the Anaryo soldiers, just as a cloud raining in torronts, in Autumn, on the surface of tho sea. (29). In the battle the army of tho enemy, being excited by tho cruel onslaughts, began to flee away; at that time Lakshmana dogged their steps with his army. (30). Having soon his army routed and defeated by Lakshmana, Afaranga himself with his soldiers, became ready for battle. (31). In the army soms were black like collyrium, others of the huc of the feathers of a parrot; somo haring the colour of copper, dwarfs and flat-nosed (32). Their dress consisted of the bark and leaves; their bodies were adorned with ornaments-the girdles wherein were set jewels; they had besmeared their bodies with red colour; they had adorned themselves with flowers (33). Accompanied by such soldiers, king Ayaranga, puffed up with hauteur and pride, stood against "Lakshmana in battle (34). The Dilechchha soldiers with cinblems of elephant and bull and lion, holding in their hands arrows, Shakti, sharp spears and other ·Translation, whole army seen weapons, fought in the battle agitating the of the Aryas (35). The King Ayaranga smashed the bow of Lakshmana into two pieces and broke bis chariot imme. diately just when the latter was taking up his another weapon (36). Having Lakshmana, without his chariot, Rama himsli got up and began to kill the army of the enemy with hundreds of weapons like Mudgara, Chakra, Shakti, and arrows. Ayaranga being attacked fiorecly by Raina Hed away looking all round (87). Haring was. sacred and obstructed the army in the battle, Rama who obsti ucted tle way, was made to return by Lakshmana (38). There was great joy; the land was set free from all danger and was re-inhabited. Rama was given a send off; Rama who had earned fame, then, started for his capital (40). Having seen Rama-the quintessence of manliness, King Janaka, who was satisfied, betrothed his daughter Sita to him (41). Thus vho has done good deeds formerly, obtains fame in the battlefield. He becomes famous in the orld; his power in the world is unstained like that of Rama (42). Thus ends in the Paumachariya, the Uddesha no. 27, nawod, " tlie Commemoration of the Defeat of the Jllechcbhas, a man !

·Translation. 7 Chapter 28. Onco upon a time, Narada, who was randering on the earth, heard about Sita the beautiful wifo of Rama and actually say her (1). Then having flown across the sky and going to Mithila, Narada who was Fery eager to have a glimpse of the beautiful maiden, resorted to the palaco of Sita (2). On sceing Narada, resplendent with his coronet and long tuft of hair, and entering the palace, Sita hid herself in the inner most parts of the palace, her limbs being trembling due to fear (3). Naradı, who was following lier, was obstructed on his way by the female-doorkeepers; when he quarreled with them, he was caught hold of by the servants of the king (4). When people raised a hue and cry to belabour him with blows of the fists, Narada, who was dejected due to fear, disappeared by flying off (5). He eased himself on the mount Kailasa and thers began to think :-"I will drown that haughty and proud girl in the ocean of troubles and miseries (6). Having concocted this plot in his mind, he went to the city, named, Rathanupura. Thore in the syiran abode, he drew a pictue of Sita on a slab (7).

·8 Translation. At that time King Chandragati accowanied by Prince Bhamandala, came out of the city, for a sport in that garden (8). Having seen the picture drawn on the slab, in the giran abode, Bhamandala suddenly becamo dejected (9). He heared deep sighs, bewailed and rared anything and everything He being overpowered with anxiety did not Blecp eren by day and at night (10). He, thinking of one thing only, grew thin in bis various limbs; be did not like food, bath and garlands of very fragrant flowers (11). Haring seen the prince experiencing loreó lorn condition, Narada going to liim and after full confidence appeared before him (12). Bhamandala saw him and getting up in reference paid his respects to him and made him sit on the seat offered by him; Narada then was spoken to by hiin:-“Oh Juni ! Kindly hear me. Somebody has drawn a picture, in the garden, of a beautiful maiden. If you know the real truth, please tell me the parentage of that a girl" (18, 14). When he was thus asked, Narada spoke in eulogising terms:--"There is a King in Mithila, named, Janaka son of Indraketu. The naine of his Qucen is Videha. Her daughter-youthful, virtuous, beautiful and ·Translation, 9 Axelling - other girls--is wellknown by the dame Sita (16). Or why are you simply satisfied with seeing the figure in the pic. ture ? Who is able to delineate her charming and graceful physical morements ? " (17). Having said this Narada went away quickly to the place he liked and Bhamandala passed his days ( anxiously ) being wounded by arrows of Cupid (18). ( He determined ). " If I do not get that girl, -the best among girls-within a few days, it is clear that I will not live; I am bitten by the serpent in the form of Capid" (19). Having known that Bhamandala was maddened by the beauty of Sita, King Chandraçatı accompanied by his Queen, approached him (20). King Chandragati spoke : " Oh my dear Prince ! do not be sorry; Haring gone there, I will take the girl in marriage for you,--the girl who has obtained a soft corner in your heart" (21) Having consoled the Prince, Chandragati spoke to his Quoen :- How will this relation between Vidyadharas and men come about ? It is not fit on our part to go to the abode of those that move on carth; in caso they do not give lier in inarriago ( to the Princo ), how shall we be ablo to show our face in ·10 Translation. am 17 19 the public or it will result in our shamefacedness. Therefore, oh Queen ! I devising some plan, very soon, whereby I can bring the father of that girl, here, without myself stirring out (22, 23, 24). Having called Chapalagati, the King told hin secretly all about the mental anxieties of Bhamandala (25). By the order of his Lord, he vent quickly to Mithila and there taking the form of a horse, roamed about, troubling the people (26). Having seon the haughty horse in the heart of the city, the King ordered " Catch hold of this big horse, not seen before, by us (27). At the command of the King, the grooms caught hold of the horse and placed him in the stable, after besmearing and adorning the body with the auspicious vermillion powder (28). There he stayed for one month; then there come to the King, quickly, a man tormented by the strength of a very good elephant. He spoke :-" Oh Lord ! Just hear me; I hare geen an elephant which is like Airavata in battle; you please see that the haughty elephant is caught hold of, immediately " (29, 30). When he had said this, the King, mounting an elephant, started. He arrived _ at the proper place and saw the proud ule- ·12 Translation. lost in his mystic communion with Bhaga- Fan Adikara; then regaining his proper mood, he, full of devotion, began to say his auspicious prayers (40). Then having finished the worship, Janaka, with his mind wonderstruck, sat there. Chapalagati having left off the form of the horse, went to the city (41). Having bowed down to the feet of his Lord, he spoke :-" Oh Lord ! King Janaka has been abducted by me; have placed him in the centre of the garden, near the temple of Jina." (42). Having heard that Janaka had come, the king of the Vidyadharas who was pleased, took all the requisites for worship and went to the temple of Jina. (43). He was observed by Janaka as sitting in a celestial vehicle and surrounded by brave soldiers; he knew that some Vidyadhara-King had come there. (44) Not knowing the intention and nature of the King, Janaka sat in another sit; while he was sitting there, Chandragati finished his prayors and worship (45). Having said the auspicious prayers and having done the worship consisting of twelve different forms, and taking up tho Veena, he began to sing the virtues of Jina (46).“ Bow down, always with respect, to Rishabha-Jinendra, who was bathed soon ·Translation. 13 on the mountain top, by the masters of the hearen; and in whose honour auspicious shouts are raised by Yakshas, Siddhas, Kinnaras; who is destroyer of the Ghati Karmas, death, old age and birth. You are the self-taught, the God with four faces, Vishnu, Jina, Shankara; You possess a physique which is unstained and of eternal happiness; You are self-enlightened, the preacher of the best religion. Bovy to that Gog, worshipped alike by the sun, moon, men and Gods; a bow to Him who is the abode of Shreo and many and raried virtues, Qh Jina, You who are of a faultless character and girer of incomparable end eternal happiness, are my sheet anchor. Bow down to Rishabha who has conquered pride and attaclubent, who is the destroyer of the way to the miserable cycle of births, who is the preacher of the religion which iosists apon the activity of the sonses; who dries up the big ocean of Karmas" (47–60) When the king as tbus singing, Janaka suddenly got up from his placo of liding, Chandragati sair him and talked to him. (61). Ho spoko to him :-"Please tell mo, clearly, who you are; whero do you liro; and for what reason you aro sitting hero in the temple of Jina?"

·14 Translation. >> (651 "I'am king Janaka, of Mithila, son of Indraketu; a magic-horse has abducted and fetched me here." (53). Then two kings after exchange of due courtesies sat in easy-chairs and talked confidently with each other with great pleasure (51). Having known him to be king Janaka, Chandragati said: "Oh Janaka please hear. I have heard before that you have got a Princess who is a virgin as yet. Let she be given in mar riage to my Prince Bhamandala, for whom she is quite fit. Oh Janaka it is true that noiy we are on very intimate terms 56). Then he replied:-" Oh Lord of the Khecharas please listen to me with atten. tion. I have betrothed her to Rama the son of King Dasharatha Again Chandragati said : .-" I am very inquisitive about the reason for which you betrothed her to the son of Dasharatha" (58). Janaka replied -"My country-Mithila and the province round about, which abounds in many people and wealth, vas made desolate by the Mlechchhas-the Ardhabarbaras. In the battle those enemies, strong like Ra. kshashas and invincible even by the Gods, were severely defeated by Rama. My country which became free from danger by (57).

·Translation. 15 Rama's grace, was re-inhabited by people and once more abounded in wealth, jewels etc. I have given that girl who is the abode of beauty, youth and virtues, to Rama, in return of that obligation. I have clearly laid bare this secret before you (59-62). Having heard these words, the Vidyadharas who became much excited, spoko:—" Oh Janaka you do not clearly distinguish between that which ought to be done and that which should be avoided. What can tho Vlechchbas, who have very little strength, and who are weak like deer, do anything? Valrous soldiers do not add anything to thoir fame by defeating them. The crow delights in sitting on tho branch of a dried up tree, an young child takes delight in a fruit. Thus the weak porson likes the company of the weak. Oh Janaka! please let go your rolation with the people on the earth;please onter into rolation, which would conduco to lasting love, with the Vidyadharas. The bravo king Chandragati is the Lord of the Khecharas and is liko God in wealth. Pleaso give your daughter to him-(his son); vyliat is thic value of the people who move on earth?" (63-67) Janaka roplied:-"Why do you consuro tlo peoplo of earth? There are born tho Tirthakaras, ·16 Translation. sons Chakrarartis, Haladharas and others. They whose feet are worshipped by Asuras, hare. obtained the final and everlasting happiness after being born in the Ikshvaku race and having enjoyed their span of life in this Bharata varsha. In that great race King Dasharatha, the son of Anaranna, was born from womb of Sumangala. He was born in that first city (Ayodhya ) and was called king Dasharatha by name. He has 500 wires who are very young and who possess beauty and virtues. He has four Padma and others-possessing great strength. I have betrothed my beautiful daughter to Rama after seeing his valour and considering his great obligation (69-72). The Vidyadharas spoke:-" Oh Janaka, you hear our final determination. You clearly make much of the prowess of Rama. If Rama bend and perfectly control the bow, preserved and protected by Gods, in the asserably of Kings, let him ( when he has fulflled the deed ) take Sita as his wife. How can he take her in marriage, if he is not able to control and bend it, before the kings?" (73-75) Then the brave Khecharas having taken the boss and Janaka with them, went to Mithila; Chandragati went to his capital (76). Janaka who 11 ·Translation. 17 are was surrounded by many people, entered. his own palace, which was adorned; and when auspicious music was played upon and sounds of victory were proclaimed. (77). Then king Janaka who was under the control of the Khemaras, and vhose zeal pride and greatness were shattered, began to think after heaving heavy sighs. (79). Then his Queen Videha, accompanied by other great ladies, went to the King. She sat there and spoke « Oh Lord ! you thinking of another lady ? Or please tell me the name of that other lady of whom you are thinking. I will at once bring her. Please do not be sorry for that." (80-81). When he was thus spoken to, by, his Queen, he said to her :-" You do not know the real point at issue; please hear the anxiety. The other day, I was taken to Mt Vaitadhya by the magic-horse. I have been then let loose from that place, by, the Lord of the Vidyadbaras after making one condition. Rama will be able to take Sita in marriage only if he will be able to control and bend that excellent bow; it would not be possible for him to marry her by any other means. I who was then a captive, and hence unfortunate, accepted all that. The reason of my ·18 Translation, Vidyadharas have brought the 'bow, here, outside the city. It is beyond doubt that the Vidyadharas will abduct Sita, in case Rama is not able to properly and guccess fully string that big bow. I, who, am anfortunate, have fixed the line of 20 days. After that, certainly, they will take her away by the force of their army." (82-87) Having heard this piece of news, Vaidehi who was very much pained and whose pair of breasts were wet with tears from her eyes, began to lament. 88. "Oh Lord what have T, an unfortunate one, done to Fate, that this body-the mine of multifarious miseries-has been brought into existence ? God who was apparently not pleased with my son is now ready to take away from me iny daughter. This girl will not be the recipient of my affections, God creates anothor much great misery for me, before I-a sinner-reach the end of the first one." (89-91) The King spoke to his Queen who trae shodiling tears:--"Oh auspicious and fortunato Ouren! onough of these lamentations. The decds, dono in provious hirth, controls ( lit makes dance) tho whole world." (92) Having thus consoled his Queen, Janaka got prepared aroundround about the bor-spacious, adorned ·Translation, 19 ornaand decorated. (93) All the kings were invited to the Svayamvara. Immediately a messenger was despatched to Ayodhya, to invite Rama. (94) Having heard the words of the messenger, Rama with his big retinue consisting of Bhatas and Chatakaras, and accompanied by Lakshmana, Bharata and others, reached withila (95) All the kings, together with those Vidyadharas who knew Maya, went to Mithila. Janaka who who was pleased at heart received thein very cordially. (96) The Vidyadharas and men, who had adorned their bodies with ments, occupied the seats which were spe. 'cially made for the occasion; with their attendants near them. (97) Then Sita who was sitting in the appartment where the bow was kept, and surrounded by 700 young girls, observed the great kings who made a display of their ornamentation. (98). Then the attendant began to introduce :-" Oh young princess! that is the beautiful Ramathe son of king Dasharatha; he has the splendour like that of a Prince of Gods. Near him, is Lakshmana, possessing strong Arms and is younger than Rama. The other two Bharata and Shatrughna are also great Princes. Oh Princess ? look at the high uninded ·Translation. 28 the events and Chandragati vas dejected in bis mind. (126) On seeing Rama endoived with great strength and beauty, Bharata began to feel himself miserablo, knowing it at that very moment. (127) "The race and father are one of both of us; however he performs wonderful deeds, due to his having done good deeds in the past life. It is by his Destiny that this lady-delicate like the inner portion of a lotus, possessing a beautiful face * like å lotus, having eyes like lotuses; has been his (Rama's) wife.” (129) Sita, who was very clever in all tho arte, on seeing that Bharata-the son of Kaikeyi was dejected, told her dear husband-Rama-the truth: regarding Bharata. (180) "Oh dear husband ! I havo come to know definitely tho dejection in the mind of Bharata! So take some ineasures before he becomes wholly dejected. King Janaka has a brother, named, Kanaka, hero in Jithila. Eo has a beautiful daughter named Subliadra, born of Saprabha. Let it be proclaimed in the assembly of tho Kings that she would choose her husband; lot this bo done today, before Bharata feels himsolf much disappointed and dejected." (181-133) When this was told, Dasharatha told it fully to kanaka and be accepted tho offer. (131).

·Translation. 28 the events and Chandragati vas dejected in, bis mind. (126) On seeing Rama endowed with great strength and beauty, Bharata began to feel himself miserable, knowing it at that very moment. (127) " The race and father are one of both of us; however he performs yonderful deeds, due to his haviog done good deeds in the past life. It is by his Destiny that this lady-delicate like the inner portion of a lotus, possessing a beautiful face like å lotus, having eyes like lotuses, has been his (Rama's) wife." (129) Sita, who was very clever in all the arts, on seeing that Bharata-the son of Kaikeyi vas dejected, told her dear husband-Rama-the truth: re. garding Bharata. (190) " Oh dear husband! I have come to know definitely the dejection in the mind of Bharata! So take some measures before he becomes wholly dejected. King Janaka has a brother, named, Kanaka, here in Mithila. He has a beautiful daughter named Subliadra, born of Saprabha, Let it be proclaimed in the assembly of the Kings that she would choose her lusband; let this be dono today, before Bharata feels himself much disappointed and dejected." (131-133) When this was told, Dasharatha told it fully to Kanaka and he accepted the offer. (134).

·24 Translation. There, Kanaka, nivited all the king; those who had returned, came to the same place again. (135). When they had accordingly occupied their seats Subhadra the daughter of Kauaka came there and leaving aside other great kings, chose Bharata. (186). Indrabhuti said: "Oh Shrenika look at the crookd natare of the bad actions. Bharata knew it before and then was infatuated by his wife ! (137). All the kings who looked aghast, talked to each other. A person would surely get that wife who is destined before band for him " (188). Then Rama married Sita in great pomp. Bharaka also by the same stroke of Destiny married the daughter of Kanaka (139). All the Kings after enjoying the festivals in connection with the marriages reached their capitals with their retinues (140). The 80118 of King Dasharatha, of uostained fame and best among men, proud of their strength, looked after by their attendants, and accompanied by their wives, entered Sukosbala (141), Thus ends ch. 28, named, the Acquisition of the best bov, by Rama and Lakshmana in the Paumachariya.