Ṛgveda · Maṇḍala 1

Sūkta 19

Agni, Maruts · Medhātithi Kāṇva · 9 ṛks

Link
Devatā देवता
Agni, Maruts
Ṛṣi ऋषि
Medhātithi Kāṇva
Chandas छन्दस्
Gāyatrī
Metres by ṛk

1st set of styles gāyatrī (1, 3-8); nicṛdgāyatrī (2); pipīlikāmadhyānicṛdgāyatrī (9)

2nd set of styles gāyatrī

  1. Ṛk 1

    प्रति॒ त्यं चारु॑मध्व॒रं गो॑पी॒थाय॒ प्र हू॑यसे ।
    म॒रुद्भि॑रग्न॒ आ ग॑हि ॥

    प्रति त्यं चारुम् अध्वरं गोपीथाय प्र हूयसे |
    मरुद्भिर् अग्न आ गहि ||

    práti tyám cā́rumadhvarám gopīthā́ya prá hūyase ǀ
    marúdbhiragna ā́ gahi ǁ

    prati tyaṃ cārum adhvaraṃ gopīthāya pra hūyase |
    marudbhir agna ā gahi ||

    प्रति॑ । त्यम् । चारु॑म् । अ॒ध्व॒रम् । गो॒ऽपी॒थाय॑ । प्र । हू॒य॒से॒ ।
    म॒रुत्ऽभिः॑ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । आ । ग॒हि॒ ॥

    प्रति । त्यम् । चारुम् । अध्वरम् । गोऽपीथाय । प्र । हूयसे ।
    मरुत्ऽभिः । अग्ने । आ । गहि ॥

    práti ǀ tyám ǀ cā́rum ǀ adhvarám ǀ go-pīthā́ya ǀ prá ǀ hūyase ǀ
    marút-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā́ ǀ gahi ǁ

    prati ǀ tyam ǀ cārum ǀ adhvaram ǀ go-pīthāya ǀ pra ǀ hūyase ǀ
    marut-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā ǀ gahi ǁ

    1.19.1 Aṣṭaka 1.1.36.1Anuvāka 1.5.10

  2. Ṛk 2

    न॒हि दे॒वो न मर्त्यो॑ म॒हस्तव॒ क्रतुं॑ प॒रः ।
    म॒रुद्भि॑रग्न॒ आ ग॑हि ॥

    नहि देवो न मर्त्यो महस् तव क्रतुम् परः |
    मरुद्भिर् अग्न आ गहि ||

    nahí devó ná mártyo mahástáva krátum paráḥ ǀ
    marúdbhiragna ā́ gahi ǁ

    nahi devo na martyo mahas tava kratum paraḥ |
    marudbhir agna ā gahi ||

    न॒हि । दे॒वः । न । मर्त्यः॑ । म॒हः । तव॑ । क्रतु॑म् । प॒रः ।
    म॒रुत्ऽभिः॑ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । आ । ग॒हि॒ ॥

    नहि । देवः । न । मर्त्यः । महः । तव । क्रतुम् । परः ।
    मरुत्ऽभिः । अग्ने । आ । गहि ॥

    nahí ǀ deváḥ ǀ ná ǀ mártyaḥ ǀ maháḥ ǀ táva ǀ krátum ǀ paráḥ ǀ
    marút-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā́ ǀ gahi ǁ

    nahi ǀ devaḥ ǀ na ǀ martyaḥ ǀ mahaḥ ǀ tava ǀ kratum ǀ paraḥ ǀ
    marut-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā ǀ gahi ǁ

    1.19.2 Aṣṭaka 1.1.36.2Anuvāka 1.5.11

  3. Ṛk 3

    ये म॒हो रज॑सो वि॒दुर्विश्वे॑ दे॒वासो॑ अ॒द्रुहः॑ ।
    म॒रुद्भि॑रग्न॒ आ ग॑हि ॥

    ये महो रजसो विदुर् विश्वे देवासो अद्रुहः |
    मरुद्भिर् अग्न आ गहि ||

    yé mahó rájaso vidúrvíśve devā́so adrúhaḥ ǀ
    marúdbhiragna ā́ gahi ǁ

    ye maho rajaso vidur viśve devāso adruhaḥ |
    marudbhir agna ā gahi ||

    ये । म॒हः । रज॑सः । वि॒दुः । विश्वे॑ । दे॒वासः॑ । अ॒द्रुहः॑ ।
    म॒रुत्ऽभिः॑ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । आ । ग॒हि॒ ॥

    ये । महः । रजसः । विदुः । विश्वे । देवासः । अद्रुहः ।
    मरुत्ऽभिः । अग्ने । आ । गहि ॥

    yé ǀ maháḥ ǀ rájasaḥ ǀ vidúḥ ǀ víśve ǀ devā́saḥ ǀ adrúhaḥ ǀ
    marút-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā́ ǀ gahi ǁ

    ye ǀ mahaḥ ǀ rajasaḥ ǀ viduḥ ǀ viśve ǀ devāsaḥ ǀ adruhaḥ ǀ
    marut-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā ǀ gahi ǁ

    1.19.3 Aṣṭaka 1.1.36.3Anuvāka 1.5.12

  4. Ṛk 4

    य उ॒ग्रा अ॒र्कमा॑नृ॒चुरना॑धृष्टास॒ ओज॑सा ।
    म॒रुद्भि॑रग्न॒ आ ग॑हि ॥

    य उग्रा अर्कम् आनृचुर् अनाधृष्टास ओजसा |
    मरुद्भिर् अग्न आ गहि ||

    yá ugrā́ arkámānṛcúránādhṛṣṭāsa ójasā ǀ
    marúdbhiragna ā́ gahi ǁ

    ya ugrā arkam ānṛcur anādhṛṣṭāsa ojasā |
    marudbhir agna ā gahi ||

    ये । उ॒ग्राः । अ॒र्कम् । आ॒नृ॒चुः । अना॑धृष्टासः । ओज॑सा ।
    म॒रुत्ऽभिः॑ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । आ । ग॒हि॒ ॥

    ये । उग्राः । अर्कम् । आनृचुः । अनाधृष्टासः । ओजसा ।
    मरुत्ऽभिः । अग्ने । आ । गहि ॥

    yé ǀ ugrā́ḥ ǀ arkám ǀ ānṛcúḥ ǀ ánādhṛṣṭāsaḥ ǀ ójasā ǀ
    marút-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā́ ǀ gahi ǁ

    ye ǀ ugrāḥ ǀ arkam ǀ ānṛcuḥ ǀ anādhṛṣṭāsaḥ ǀ ojasā ǀ
    marut-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā ǀ gahi ǁ

    1.19.4 Aṣṭaka 1.1.36.4Anuvāka 1.5.13

  5. Ṛk 5

    ये शु॒भ्रा घो॒रव॑र्पसः सुक्ष॒त्रासो॑ रि॒शाद॑सः ।
    म॒रुद्भि॑रग्न॒ आ ग॑हि ॥

    ये शुभ्रा घोरवर्पसः सुक्षत्रासो रिशादसः |
    मरुद्भिर् अग्न आ गहि ||

    yé śubhrā́ ghorávarpasaḥ sukṣatrā́so riśā́dasaḥ ǀ
    marúdbhiragna ā́ gahi ǁ

    ye śubhrā ghoravarpasaḥ sukṣatrāso riśādasaḥ |
    marudbhir agna ā gahi ||

    ये । शु॒भ्राः । घो॒रऽव॑र्पसः । सु॒ऽक्ष॒त्रासः॑ । रि॒शाद॑सः ।
    म॒रुत्ऽभिः॑ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । आ । ग॒हि॒ ॥

    ये । शुभ्राः । घोरऽवर्पसः । सुऽक्षत्रासः । रिशादसः ।
    मरुत्ऽभिः । अग्ने । आ । गहि ॥

    yé ǀ śubhrā́ḥ ǀ ghorá-varpasaḥ ǀ su-kṣatrā́saḥ ǀ riśā́dasaḥ ǀ
    marút-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā́ ǀ gahi ǁ

    ye ǀ śubhrāḥ ǀ ghora-varpasaḥ ǀ su-kṣatrāsaḥ ǀ riśādasaḥ ǀ
    marut-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā ǀ gahi ǁ

    1.19.5 Aṣṭaka 1.1.36.5Anuvāka 1.5.14

  6. Ṛk 6

    ये नाक॒स्याधि॑ रोच॒ने दि॒वि दे॒वास॒ आस॑ते ।
    म॒रुद्भि॑रग्न॒ आ ग॑हि ॥

    ये नाकस्याधि रोचने दिवि देवास आसते |
    मरुद्भिर् अग्न आ गहि ||

    yé nā́kasyā́dhi rocané diví devā́sa ā́sate ǀ
    marúdbhiragna ā́ gahi ǁ

    ye nākasyādhi rocane divi devāsa āsate |
    marudbhir agna ā gahi ||

    ये । नाक॑स्य । अधि॑ । रो॒च॒ने । दि॒वि । दे॒वासः॑ । आस॑ते ।
    म॒रुत्ऽभिः॑ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । आ । ग॒हि॒ ॥

    ये । नाकस्य । अधि । रोचने । दिवि । देवासः । आसते ।
    मरुत्ऽभिः । अग्ने । आ । गहि ॥

    yé ǀ nā́kasya ǀ ádhi ǀ rocané ǀ diví ǀ devā́saḥ ǀ ā́sate ǀ
    marút-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā́ ǀ gahi ǁ

    ye ǀ nākasya ǀ adhi ǀ rocane ǀ divi ǀ devāsaḥ ǀ āsate ǀ
    marut-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā ǀ gahi ǁ

    1.19.6 Aṣṭaka 1.1.37.1Anuvāka 1.5.15

  7. Ṛk 7

    य ईं॒खयं॑ति॒ पर्व॑तांति॒रः स॑मु॒द्रम॑र्ण॒वं ।
    म॒रुद्भि॑रग्न॒ आ ग॑हि ॥

    य ईङ्खयन्ति पर्वतान् तिरः समुद्रम् अर्णवम् |
    मरुद्भिर् अग्न आ गहि ||

    yá īṅkháyanti párvatāntiráḥ samudrámarṇavám ǀ
    marúdbhiragna ā́ gahi ǁ

    ya īṅkhayanti parvatān tiraḥ samudram arṇavam |
    marudbhir agna ā gahi ||

    ये । ई॒ङ्खय॑न्ति । पर्व॑तान् । ति॒रः । स॒मु॒द्रम् । अ॒र्ण॒वम् ।
    म॒रुत्ऽभिः॑ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । आ । ग॒हि॒ ॥

    ये । ईङ्खयन्ति । पर्वतान् । तिरः । समुद्रम् । अर्णवम् ।
    मरुत्ऽभिः । अग्ने । आ । गहि ॥

    yé ǀ īṅkháyanti ǀ párvatān ǀ tiráḥ ǀ samudrám ǀ arṇavám ǀ
    marút-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā́ ǀ gahi ǁ

    ye ǀ īṅkhayanti ǀ parvatān ǀ tiraḥ ǀ samudram ǀ arṇavam ǀ
    marut-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā ǀ gahi ǁ

    1.19.7 Aṣṭaka 1.1.37.2Anuvāka 1.5.16

  8. Ṛk 8

    आ ये त॒न्वंति॑ र॒श्मिभि॑स्ति॒रः स॑मु॒द्रमोज॑सा ।
    म॒रुद्भि॑रग्न॒ आ ग॑हि ॥

    आ ये तन्वन्ति रश्मिभिस् तिरः समुद्रम् ओजसा |
    मरुद्भिर् अग्न आ गहि ||

    ā́ yé tanvánti raśmíbhistiráḥ samudrámójasā ǀ
    marúdbhiragna ā́ gahi ǁ

    ā ye tanvanti raśmibhis tiraḥ samudram ojasā |
    marudbhir agna ā gahi ||

    आ । ये । त॒न्वन्ति॑ । र॒श्मिऽभिः॑ । ति॒रः । स॒मु॒द्रम् । ओज॑सा ।
    म॒रुत्ऽभिः॑ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । आ । ग॒हि॒ ॥

    आ । ये । तन्वन्ति । रश्मिऽभिः । तिरः । समुद्रम् । ओजसा ।
    मरुत्ऽभिः । अग्ने । आ । गहि ॥

    ā́ ǀ yé ǀ tanvánti ǀ raśmí-bhiḥ ǀ tiráḥ ǀ samudrám ǀ ójasā ǀ
    marút-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā́ ǀ gahi ǁ

    ā ǀ ye ǀ tanvanti ǀ raśmi-bhiḥ ǀ tiraḥ ǀ samudram ǀ ojasā ǀ
    marut-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā ǀ gahi ǁ

    1.19.8 Aṣṭaka 1.1.37.3Anuvāka 1.5.17

  9. Ṛk 9

    अ॒भि त्वा॑ पू॒र्वपी॑तये सृ॒जामि॑ सो॒म्यं मधु॑ ।
    म॒रुद्भि॑रग्न॒ आ ग॑हि ॥

    अभि त्वा पूर्वपीतये सृजामि सोम्यम् मधु |
    मरुद्भिर् अग्न आ गहि ||

    abhí tvā pūrvápītaye sṛjā́mi somyám mádhu ǀ
    marúdbhiragna ā́ gahi ǁ

    abhi tvā pūrvapītaye sṛjāmi somyam madhu |
    marudbhir agna ā gahi ||

    अ॒भि । त्वा॒ । पू॒र्वऽपी॑तये । सृ॒जामि॑ । सो॒म्यम् । मधु॑ ।
    म॒रुत्ऽभिः॑ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । आ । ग॒हि॒ ॥

    अभि । त्वा । पूर्वऽपीतये । सृजामि । सोम्यम् । मधु ।
    मरुत्ऽभिः । अग्ने । आ । गहि ॥

    abhí ǀ tvā ǀ pūrvá-pītaye ǀ sṛjā́mi ǀ somyám ǀ mádhu ǀ
    marút-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā́ ǀ gahi ǁ

    abhi ǀ tvā ǀ pūrva-pītaye ǀ sṛjāmi ǀ somyam ǀ madhu ǀ
    marut-bhiḥ ǀ agne ǀ ā ǀ gahi ǁ

    1.19.9 Aṣṭaka 1.1.37.4Anuvāka 1.5.18

Text, recitation and interpretations from the Ṛgveda database of theveda.org.in.

Ṛgveda 1.19 · Agni, Maruts

Interpretations

Kapali Shastri

Ṛk 1

Introduction

In the fifth Section, the second Hymn beginning with prati tyam, addressed to Agni and Maruts, has nine Riks. The Rishi and metre are as before.

Translation

Tr. Agni, thou art ardently called to the desirable sacrifice to drink the Soma-juice ; come with the Maruts.

Commentary

agne O Agni; tyam that which is being performed by me; cārum desirable, bereft of mal-formation; adhvaram prati towards the sacrifice; gopithāya gauḥ is the juice of Soma, for its drink; prahūyase thou art called ardently; hence marudbhih along with the Maruts; āgahi come.

The word tya has the same meaning as the pronoun tat.

As the external sacrifice, in the inner sacrifice too, the mutual relation among the parts must be harmonious. Thereby the sacrifice becomes beautiful. By the term go, the product of the cow, milk is meant. The ancients have explained gauh as Soma-juice because all oblation compares with the enjoyable denoted by the word anna and Soma is well-known as the chief of the enjoyables. Something has been said of the Màruts before. More will be said later in the due place. The Maruts are special deities, with impulsions common to the gusts of wind, fast in speed, belonging to the life-plane, who give a divine motion to the activities of intelligence illumined by the light and strength of Indra. That is why—suffice it to say-Agni is prayed to come with them for taking the milky yield denoting the light of the mind.

Ṛk 2

Translation

Tr. No God or man exceeds the will of Thee, the mighty, come with the Maruts.

Commentary

agne O Agni; mahaḥ mighty (elision of ta is Vedic); tava thine; kratum active will or power of action (transgressing it); paraḥ another; devaḥ God; na hi is not indeed; so also martyaḥ na there is no man; marudbhiḥ, etc. as before.

Ṛk 3

Translation

Tr. Agni, all Gods who do not let down, who know the great mid-world, with those Maruts come.

Commentary

agne O Agni; ye adruhaḥ they who do not deceive the praising dependent ; viśve devāḥ All Gods, the seven kinds of the host of Maruts mahaḥ of the great (elision of ta) ; rajasaḥ of the world (genetive in the sense of accusative) the great mid-world, the word rajas denoting world is well-known as the mid-region; viduḥknow; stationed in the mid-region they know the whole of the middle world; come with those Maruts (as before).

Ṛk 4

Translation

Tr. The brave Maruts, unassailed by the might of others, who laud the laudation, with them come.

Commentary

ye Maruts; ugrāḥ brave; ojasā by the might of another; avadhșştāraḥ unassailed, unconquered ; arkam worship, laudation in Kik; ānscuh they worship; (the form is from șc to go, to worship, like 'they sing the song'. Perfect in the sense of Present); arka is water; says Sayana, it is Indra, says Skandasvamin; in both the places it is justified by examples from the Veda; brave Maruts, brothers of Indra, are able to make the laudation full of valour, to reach to Indra the showerer of all wealth or to impel the currents of divine Power denoted by the term waters; with those Maruts, etc. (as before).

Ṛk 5

Translation

Tr. The Maruts who are radiant, awful in form mighty and devourers of the foes, with them come.

Commentary

ye Maruts; śubhrāḥ radiant, ghoravarpasaḥ terrifying in form (varpa name for form); sukșatrāsaḥ mighty; riśādasaḥ devourers of the injurious ; with those Maruts, etc.

Note that even though the Maruts are awful in form, etc. the adjective subhra (bright) is used to denote this action of happy fruition.

Thus ends the twenty sixth group in the first Chapter of the first Eighth.

Ṛk 6

Translation

Tr. The Gods who are in the luminous world above the Heavens, with those Maruts, O Agni, come.

Commentary

The third station in the lower triple world is called the Heaven. This is the derivation; that in which there is no unhappiness, na akam ; thus they derive resorting to the compound of negation. Of that heaven-named in the triple world, nākasya adhi above; rocane in the shining; divi in a particular place in the luminous world, 'in the seventh, the station of Vayu', says Skandasvamin (seven are the divisions of Maruts spoken of); ye devāḥ āsate the gods that are; with those Maruts (as before). Though the Maruts belong to the mid-region and are by nature Life-Powers, being connected with Indra they spread, by the glory of Indra, as far as the world Heaven, his abode That is how they are described in Mantras elsewhere 'strong in themselves, seers, sun-skinned”.

Ṛk 7

Translation

Tr. The Gods move the mountains and scorn the ocean of waters, with those Maruts, O Agni, come.

Commentary

ye the gods, Maruts, parvatān unmoving mountains; inkhayanti move ; arņavam full of water; samudram tiraḥ scorn the ocean, crossing of the boundless ocean is itself the scorn; with those Maruts (as before).

Here, apparently, the moving of the immobile mountains and the crossing of the ocean of masses of waters difficult to cross indicate the mighty strength of the Maruts. Commentators have it that the scorn lies in causing the movement to set up waves, etc. in the waveless ocean. Here the purport to be noted can be grasped by us if we recall the symbolic meaning. The Maruts, extensions of the Life-force, become Powers of the luminous Intelligence. They set in movement the inert body heavy with tamas, or the gross knowledge gone inert, symbolised by the term mountain, in whose womb lies the being of knowledge, power, etc. That brings about the blossoming of knowledge, power, etc. By the movement of the whole being, unmoving and difficult to cross, potent with all powers, the infinite substances symbolised by the term ocean, the manifesation of its parts, its waves, is effected. Agni is prayed to come with Maruts of such mighty prowess.

inkhayanti : inkh among ukh, nakh means movement.

Ṛk 8

Translation

Tr. The Gods who spread wide with their rays, scorn the ocean with their might, with those Maruts, O Agni, come.

Commentary

ye the gods; rasmibhih with solar rays spreading wisdom ; ā tanvanti extend (tanu in the sense of extension), over the infinite mid-region or the ocean as described earlier; ojasā by their own might ; samudram (mentioned already); tiraḥ scorn, crossing itself is to scorn, here perhaps extension, spreading ; with them, the rest as before.

Ṛk 9

Translation

Tr. O Agni, for thee, I pour the sweet juice Soma-full for the early quaff; come with the Maruts.

Commentary

agne, O Agni ; tvā abhi for the sake of thee; pūrvapitaye for the first quaff; somyam full of Soma (that which befits Soma); madhu sweet juice ; spjāmi I release; the rest as before.

Thus ends the thirty-seventh group in the first Chapter of the first Eighth.

Thus ends the first Chapter in the first Eighth.