Ṛgveda · Maṇḍala 1 · Sūkta 31

Ṛk 1.31.15

Agni · Hiraṇyastūpa Āṅgirasa

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Saṃhitā

त्वम॑ग्ने॒ प्रय॑तदक्षिणं॒ नरं॒ वर्मे॑व स्यू॒तं परि॑ पासि वि॒श्वतः॑ ।
स्वा॒दु॒क्षद्मा॒ यो व॑स॒तौ स्यो॑न॒कृज्जी॑वया॒जं यज॑ते॒ सोप॒मा दि॒वः ॥

त्वम् अग्ने प्रयतदक्षिणं नरं वर्मेव स्यूतम् परि पासि विश्वतः |
स्वादुक्षद्मा यो वसतौ स्योनकृज् जीवयाजं यजते सोपमा दिवः ||

tvámagne práyatadakṣiṇam náram vármeva syūtám pári pāsi viśvátaḥ ǀ
svādukṣádmā yó vasatáu syonakṛ́jjīvayājám yájate sópamā́ diváḥ ǁ

tvam agne prayatadakṣiṇaṃ naraṃ varmeva syūtam pari pāsi viśvataḥ |
svādukṣadmā yo vasatau syonakṛj jīvayājaṃ yajate sopamā divaḥ ||

Padapāṭha

त्वम् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । प्रय॑तऽदक्षिणम् । नर॑म् । वर्म॑ऽइव । स्यू॒तम् । परि॑ । पा॒सि॒ । वि॒श्वतः॑ ।
स्वा॒दु॒ऽक्षद्मा॑ । यः । व॒स॒तौ । स्यो॒न॒ऽकृत् । जी॒व॒ऽया॒जम् । यज॑ते । सः । उ॒प॒ऽमा । दि॒वः ॥

त्वम् । अग्ने । प्रयतऽदक्षिणम् । नरम् । वर्मऽइव । स्यूतम् । परि । पासि । विश्वतः ।
स्वादुऽक्षद्मा । यः । वसतौ । स्योनऽकृत् । जीवऽयाजम् । यजते । सः । उपऽमा । दिवः ॥

tvám ǀ agne ǀ práyata-dakṣiṇam ǀ náram ǀ várma-iva ǀ syūtám ǀ pári ǀ pāsi ǀ viśvátaḥ ǀ
svādu-kṣádmā ǀ yáḥ ǀ vasatáu ǀ syona-kṛ́t ǀ jīva-yājám ǀ yájate ǀ sáḥ ǀ upa-mā́ ǀ diváḥ ǁ

tvam ǀ agne ǀ prayata-dakṣiṇam ǀ naram ǀ varma-iva ǀ syūtam ǀ pari ǀ pāsi ǀ viśvataḥ ǀ
svādu-kṣadmā ǀ yaḥ ǀ vasatau ǀ syona-kṛt ǀ jīva-yājam ǀ yajate ǀ saḥ ǀ upa-mā ǀ divaḥ ǁ

References

Maṇḍala · Sūkta · Ṛk
01.031.15
Aṣṭaka · Adhyāya · Varga · Ṛk
1.2.34.05
Maṇḍala · Anuvāka · Ṛk
01.07.015
Devatā देवता
Agni
Ṛṣi ऋषि
Hiraṇyastūpa Āṅgirasa
Chandas छन्दस्
Jagatī, Triṣṭubh
Svara स्वरः
निषादः

Text and interpretations from the Ṛgveda database of theveda.org.in.

Ṛgveda 1.31.15

Interpretations

Kapali Shastri

Translation

Tr. O Agni, thou protectest the man who gifts properly like a sewn armour. The sacrificer who gives happiness to the guest in his place by giving tasty food, carries worship throughout life is close to heaven.

Commentary

O agne Agni, tvam thou prayatadakșiņam by whom prayatā tied up (yam to tie up) is the dakșiņā the act of gift proceeding from discrimination of propriety and impropriety; gift is the abandoning of money in favour of a fit recipient and it is to be noted that the recipient is the representative of the deity. That is why it is said that a gift is sacred, pleasing to the deity; then such a one viſvatah from all pari pāsi protectest. An illustration is cited. varmeva syūtam like an armour sewn, made ready without any chink (siv to tie). As an armour protects a man's body thou protectest that man from all things yaḥ who, the sacrificer svādukșadmā. The sense is that having tasty food he pleases the guest with tasty food. Agni is famous as the guest in the Veda. vasatau in one's dwelling house (in the inner sacrifice one's house is the body) syonakrt doer of happiness, to the guests is understood. 'Dormant happily like a guest pleasing this Mantra phrase elsewhere also has to be borne in mind (1.73.1) and who jīvayājam yajate the worship in the course of life (absence of ku is Vedic) throughout life performs the worship or jīvayāja means where the living beings are worshipped, that he performs saḥ the sacrificer divaḥ of the heaven-world upamā becomes neighbour, here itself becomes very close to heaven. upamā is the name for closeness. Sopamā elision of s in the Samhita text is for metrical exigency. upamā is upamānam illustration of Heaven is some people's comment. Commentators in the external sense say that jīvayājam is sacrifice with animals, jiva.

Thus ends the thirty fourth Group in the second Chapter of the first Eighth.