Ṛgveda · Maṇḍala 1 · Sūkta 31

Ṛk 1.31.3

Agni · Hiraṇyastūpa Āṅgirasa

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Saṃhitā

त्वम॑ग्ने प्रथ॒मो मा॑त॒रिश्व॑न आ॒विर्भ॑व सुक्रतू॒या वि॒वस्व॑ते ।
अरे॑जेतां॒ रोद॑सी होतृ॒वूर्येऽस॑घ्नोर्भा॒रमय॑जो म॒हो व॑सो ॥

त्वम् अग्ने प्रथमो मातरिश्वन आविर् भव सुक्रतूया विवस्वते |
अरेजेतां रोदसी होतृवूर्ये ऽसघ्नोर् भारम् अयजो महो वसो ||

tvámagne prathamó mātaríśvana āvírbhava sukratūyā́ vivásvate ǀ
árejetām ródasī hotṛvū́ryé’saghnorbhārámáyajo mahó vaso ǁ

tvam agne prathamo mātariśvana āvir bhava sukratūyā vivasvate |
arejetāṃ rodasī hotṛvūrye 'saghnor bhāram ayajo maho vaso ||

Padapāṭha

त्वम् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । प्र॒थ॒मः । मा॒त॒रिश्व॑ने । आ॒विः । भ॒व॒ । सु॒क्र॒तू॒ऽया । वि॒वस्व॑ते ।
अरे॑जेताम् । रोद॑सी॒ इति॑ । हो॒तृ॒ऽवूर्ये॑ । अस॑घ्नोः । भा॒रम् । अय॑जः । म॒हः । व॒सो॒ इति॑ ॥

त्वम् । अग्ने । प्रथमः । मातरिश्वने । आविः । भव । सुक्रतूऽया । विवस्वते ।
अरेजेताम् । रोदसी इति । होतृऽवूर्ये । असघ्नोः । भारम् । अयजः । महः । वसो इति ॥

tvám ǀ agne ǀ prathamáḥ ǀ mātaríśvane ǀ āvíḥ ǀ bhava ǀ sukratū-yā́ ǀ vivásvate ǀ
árejetām ǀ ródasī íti ǀ hotṛ-vū́rye ǀ ásaghnoḥ ǀ bhārám ǀ áyajaḥ ǀ maháḥ ǀ vaso íti ǁ

tvam ǀ agne ǀ prathamaḥ ǀ mātariśvane ǀ āviḥ ǀ bhava ǀ sukratū-yā ǀ vivasvate ǀ
arejetām ǀ rodasī iti ǀ hotṛ-vūrye ǀ asaghnoḥ ǀ bhāram ǀ ayajaḥ ǀ mahaḥ ǀ vaso iti ǁ

References

Maṇḍala · Sūkta · Ṛk
01.031.03
Aṣṭaka · Adhyāya · Varga · Ṛk
1.2.32.03
Maṇḍala · Anuvāka · Ṛk
01.07.003
Devatā देवता
Agni
Ṛṣi ऋषि
Hiraṇyastūpa Āṅgirasa
Chandas छन्दस्
Jagatī, Triṣṭubh
Svara स्वरः
निषादः

Text and interpretations from the Ṛgveda database of theveda.org.in.

Ṛgveda 1.31.3

Interpretations

Kapali Shastri

Translation

Tr. O Agni, thou art important for Vayu. Manifest for the shining one desiring good deeds. Heaven and earth trembled. In the elective sacrifice of the caller, thou endurest the burden. O wealth, thou worshipped the great ones.

Commentary

O agne Agni, tvam thou mātariśvane for Vayu prathamaḥ important. Before the play of the glory of Vayu in the sacrificer, the manifestation of Agni, the seer-will is necessary. Therefore, Agni is important for Vayu. vivasvate for the sacrificer doing service (as per Sayana) in order to bless him sukratuyā being endowed with desire for good action āvirbhava become manifest. Or else it is appropriate to say ‘manifest vivasvate for one shining by the desire for good action hotịvūrye in the rite chosen by the sacrificial caller, when the sacrifice is begun, which has to be chosen by Agni who becomes the sacrificial caller rodasi heaven and earth, the higher divine consciousness, the lower earthly consciousness, both denoted by them arejetām trembled. It is to be noted that the tremor is in the sense of denoting the initial play in the sacrificer of the two consciousness benumbed and seemingly sleeping when Agni is elected as the sacrificial caller. Such is the greatness of Agni, the caller, bhāram the burden of managing the sacrifice asaghnoủ thou endured. O vaso becoming the riches for all the world, mahaḥ the great gods ayajaḥ thou hast worshipped in sacrifice. mātari- śvane—The sky is māta the cause of measurement, the midregion, there he breathes. The word mātari- śvan is derived with the termination an as in svan, ukșan; sukratuyā—one who desires good actions for oneself. Termination à in noun form, feminine. vivasvate-vivas in the sense of shining or doing service. hotȚvūrye is chosen by the caller u is Vedic. asaghnoḥ-şagh to injure, here the meaning is endure. mahaḥ elision of at in mahataḥ-Vedic.