Ṛgveda · Maṇḍala 1 · Sūkta 31

Ṛk 1.31.2

Agni · Hiraṇyastūpa Āṅgirasa

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Saṃhitā

त्वम॑ग्ने प्रथ॒मो अंगि॑रस्तमः क॒विर्दे॒वानां॒ परि॑ भूषसि व्र॒तं ।
वि॒भुर्विश्व॑स्मै॒ भुव॑नाय॒ मेधि॑रो द्विमा॒ता श॒युः क॑ति॒धा चि॑दा॒यवे॑ ॥

त्वम् अग्ने प्रथमो अङ्गिरस्तमः कविर् देवानाम् परि भूषसि व्रतम् |
विभुर् विश्वस्मै भुवनाय मेधिरो द्विमाता शयुः कतिधा चिद् आयवे ||

tvámagne prathamó áṅgirastamaḥ kavírdevā́nām pári bhūṣasi vratám ǀ
vibhúrvíśvasmai bhúvanāya médhiro dvimātā́ śayúḥ katidhā́ cidāyáve ǁ

tvam agne prathamo aṅgirastamaḥ kavir devānām pari bhūṣasi vratam |
vibhur viśvasmai bhuvanāya medhiro dvimātā śayuḥ katidhā cid āyave ||

Padapāṭha

त्वम् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । प्र॒थ॒मः । अङ्गि॑रःऽतमः । क॒विः । दे॒वाना॑म् । परि॑ । भू॒ष॒सि॒ । व्र॒तम् ।
वि॒ऽभुः । विश्व॑स्मै । भुव॑नाय । मेधि॑रः । द्वि॒ऽमा॒ता । श॒युः । क॒ति॒धा । चि॒त् । आ॒यवे॑ ॥

त्वम् । अग्ने । प्रथमः । अङ्गिरःऽतमः । कविः । देवानाम् । परि । भूषसि । व्रतम् ।
विऽभुः । विश्वस्मै । भुवनाय । मेधिरः । द्विऽमाता । शयुः । कतिधा । चित् । आयवे ॥

tvám ǀ agne ǀ prathamáḥ ǀ áṅgiraḥ-tamaḥ ǀ kavíḥ ǀ devā́nām ǀ pári ǀ bhūṣasi ǀ vratám ǀ
vi-bhúḥ ǀ víśvasmai ǀ bhúvanāya ǀ médhiraḥ ǀ dvi-mātā́ ǀ śayúḥ ǀ katidhā́ ǀ cit ǀ āyáve ǁ

tvam ǀ agne ǀ prathamaḥ ǀ aṅgiraḥ-tamaḥ ǀ kaviḥ ǀ devānām ǀ pari ǀ bhūṣasi ǀ vratam ǀ
vi-bhuḥ ǀ viśvasmai ǀ bhuvanāya ǀ medhiraḥ ǀ dvi-mātā ǀ śayuḥ ǀ katidhā ǀ cit ǀ āyave ǁ

References

Maṇḍala · Sūkta · Ṛk
01.031.02
Aṣṭaka · Adhyāya · Varga · Ṛk
1.2.32.02
Maṇḍala · Anuvāka · Ṛk
01.07.002
Devatā देवता
Agni
Ṛṣi ऋषि
Hiraṇyastūpa Āṅgirasa
Chandas छन्दस्
Jagatī, Triṣṭubh
Svara स्वरः
निषादः

Text and interpretations from the Ṛgveda database of theveda.org.in.

Ṛgveda 1.31.2

Interpretations

Kapali Shastri

Translation

Tr. O Agni, thou art the first, the superb Angiras, seer; thou adornest alround the deed of gods. Variously manifesting for all the world, wise thou measurest the two. In how many ways, thou dwellest in man!

Commentary

O agne Agni, tvam thou prathamaḥ first angirastamaḥ superbly Angiras, that is excellent amongst the Angiras. It is to be noted that though the usage of the word angiras is fixed by convention as the name of a person, its employment with the termination tama to denote quality reminds one of its derivative significance. kaviḥ being the seer of the objects beyond the ken of the senses devānām of the other gods vratam deed pari bhūşasi adorn alround. Again thou viſvasmai for all bhuvanā ya the world to bless it vibhuḥ become special or in many ways (the termination u on the root bhū with the prefix vi) medhiraḥ possessed of wisdom dvimātā measurer, constructor of the two worlds, that is, Agni establishes in the sacrificer a vast knowledge denoted by the word consciousness, of dual form, of heaven and of earth. If we split as one whose mothers are heaven and earth, Agni is born at the communion of the two consciousness; of the two sacrificial fagots, araņi say the ritualists. Such thou art āyave for man katidhā cit in how many ways śayuḥ lie, dwell in men? The meaning is, as many as there are men, so many are thy modes in them. śayuḥ-siñn to sleep; on this the termination u. āyave- termination u on i to go.