Ṛgveda · Maṇḍala 1 · Sūkta 31

Ṛk 1.31.5

Agni · Hiraṇyastūpa Āṅgirasa

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Saṃhitā

त्वम॑ग्ने वृष॒भः पु॑ष्टि॒वर्ध॑न॒ उद्य॑तस्रुचे भवसि श्र॒वाय्यः॑ ।
य आहु॑तिं॒ परि॒ वेदा॒ वष॑ट्कृति॒मेका॑यु॒रग्रे॒ विश॑ आ॒विवा॑ससि ॥

त्वम् अग्ने वृषभः पुष्टिवर्धन उद्यतस्रुचे भवसि श्रवाय्यः |
य आहुतिम् परि वेदा वषट्कृतिम् एकायुर् अग्रे विश आविवाससि ||

tvámagne vṛṣabháḥ puṣṭivárdhana údyatasruce bhavasi śravā́yyaḥ ǀ
yá ā́hutim pári védā váṣaṭkṛtimékāyurágre víśa āvívāsasi ǁ

tvam agne vṛṣabhaḥ puṣṭivardhana udyatasruce bhavasi śravāyyaḥ |
ya āhutim pari vedā vaṣaṭkṛtim ekāyur agre viśa āvivāsasi ||

Padapāṭha

त्वम् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । वृ॒ष॒भः । पु॒ष्टि॒ऽवर्ध॑नः । उद्य॑तऽस्रुचे । भ॒व॒सि॒ । श्र॒वाय्यः॑ ।
यः । आऽहु॑तिम् । परि॑ । वेद॑ । वष॑ट्ऽकृतिम् । एक॑ऽआयुः । अग्ने॑ । विशः॑ । आ॒ऽविवा॑ससि ॥

त्वम् । अग्ने । वृषभः । पुष्टिऽवर्धनः । उद्यतऽस्रुचे । भवसि । श्रवाय्यः ।
यः । आऽहुतिम् । परि । वेद । वषट्ऽकृतिम् । एकऽआयुः । अग्ने । विशः । आऽविवाससि ॥

tvám ǀ agne ǀ vṛṣabháḥ ǀ puṣṭi-várdhanaḥ ǀ údyata-sruce ǀ bhavasi ǀ śravā́yyaḥ ǀ
yáḥ ǀ ā́-hutim ǀ pári ǀ véda ǀ váṣaṭ-kṛtim ǀ éka-āyuḥ ǀ ágne ǀ víśaḥ ǀ ā-vívāsasi ǁ

tvam ǀ agne ǀ vṛṣabhaḥ ǀ puṣṭi-vardhanaḥ ǀ udyata-sruce ǀ bhavasi ǀ śravāyyaḥ ǀ
yaḥ ǀ ā-hutim ǀ pari ǀ veda ǀ vaṣaṭ-kṛtim ǀ eka-āyuḥ ǀ agne ǀ viśaḥ ǀ ā-vivāsasi ǁ

References

Maṇḍala · Sūkta · Ṛk
01.031.05
Aṣṭaka · Adhyāya · Varga · Ṛk
1.2.32.05
Maṇḍala · Anuvāka · Ṛk
01.07.005
Devatā देवता
Agni
Ṛṣi ऋषि
Hiraṇyastūpa Āṅgirasa
Chandas छन्दस्
Jagatī, Triṣṭubh
Svara स्वरः
निषादः

Text and interpretations from the Ṛgveda database of theveda.org.in.

Ṛgveda 1.31.5

Interpretations

Kapali Shastri

Translation

Tr. O Agni, thou art the showerer, increaser of nourishment, thou becomest praise-worthy to the one with luminous clarity of thought. The sole person, thou first maketh the one who knows to call on every side with vașaț possessed of light, then all other men.

Commentary

O agne Agni, tvam thou vrşabhaḥ showerer of desired things pușțivardhanaḥ increaser of sacrificer's nourishment udyatasruce for him who had lifted the vessel which pours the ghee, the sense is for the master of the sacrifice endowed with the equipment for the flow of illumination embedded in thought, for favouring him śravāyyaḥ fit to be praised, by calls in the form of Mantras is understood bhavasi becomest. yaḥ who, sacrificer āhutim the act of offering in fire which has for its purpose the main invocation pari around, on all sides veda knows, what kind of offering? vașațkrtim wherein the act of vașaț is prescribed, the speciality about the word vaşaț in offering to the gods is famous in Srauta rites; in accordance with that it is to be noted that in the inner sacrifice also, after the invocation made by the sacrificer when offering to the gods takes place the word vașațkāra is potent and gives the firmness. He says that whoever knows to fulfill by every means such offering with vașațkāra, Lord Agni makes him first possessed of light and afterwards through him others as well. Here by mention of the word yat, we have to infer tam, that is form of the word tat. ekāyuḥ one without a second āyuḥ a living person, O Agni thou art the sole man, the collective entity of all men. agre first him āvivāsasi makes him shine then viśaḥ other men, make them shine is the connection. Here the word yat in the thrid foot of the Rik can be taken as referring to Agni. Then this is the meaning : That Agni who from men pari veda gets on all sides the offering with vașațkāra, he is thou O Agni, the one person etc. as before. ekāyuḥ -we have to bear in mind what is said in the second Rik viz. 'how many ways to the man. Living severally Agni is said to be one person. ekāyuḥ is the main food according to Sayana, unbroken life, immortal says Venkata Madhava. Vayu himself is Ayuḥ the elision of va is Vedic, so Sayana gives an aliter. The, termination u on the guña taken by the root i to go. In the Veda, the word āyu is well-known to mean a living being generally and in particular a man, the word āyu is in neuter gender, the conventional meaning is life; derived from i to go. āvivāsati generally employed in the Veda in the sense of light. In some places the meaning ‘act of service' fits in.

Thus ends the thirty-second Group in the second Chapter of the first Eighth.